OFFICE OF MEDICAL SERVICES RESEARCH EFFORTS ON INTERNATIONAL TERRORISM

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP79M00467A002500090007-9
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 20
• Document Creation Date: December 12, 2016
• Document Release Date: August 26, 2002
• Sequence Number: 7
• Publication Date: October 19, 1976
• Content Type: MF

77 T'
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19 October 1976
MEMORANDUM FOR: Special Assistant to the
Deputy Director of Central Intelligence
VIA John F. Blake
Deputy Director for Administration
FROM
SUBJECT
REFERENCE
M. D.
Director of Medical Services
t
41
Office of Medical Services Research
Efforts on International Terrorism
25X1
SA/DDCI Memo dtd 5 Oct 76, Subject:
Coordination of Research Effort Against
International Terrorism
1. The Office of Medical Services has been conducting
research on international terrorism on three general areas:
a. Studies of terrorist behavior
25X1
Additionally, in-depth studies are being con uc ed
the psychology of violent behavior, including
environmental and cultural factors.
b. The victims of terrorism
Research is conducted in the psychological
reactions and adaptations of individuals directly
and indirectly victimized by terrorism. This effort
has included studies of former hostages (including
kidnap victims and prisoners of war) with a view
toward developing techniques of hostage survival.
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SUBJECT: Office of Medical Services Research Efforts on
International Terrorism
c. Crisis management
Research and development in the area of
management techniques for the handling of terrorist
incidents include the study of negotiating tactics
as well as the behavioral characteristics of the
negotiating situation.
2. Expansion of our research effort in the above areas
is contemplated, but is currently limited by our resources.
25X1A
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5 October 1976
MEMORANDUM .FOR: Director of Medical Services
Director of Scientific Intelligence
Director of Political Research
Director of Technical Service
Acting Director of Research and Development
SA/DDCI
SUBJECT : Coordination of Research Effort Against
International Terrorism
REFERENCES : a.
23 August 1976
b. NFIB-D-9, 9/1, 23 September 1976
1. In line with my responsibility for coordinating the Agency
effort on the terrorism target per references a and b, I am making
an effort to ensure that research projects in this field avoid duplication
and are fully relevant to the needs of the consumers. Therefore, I
would very much appreciate'it if your office could let me have a brief
report covering the following points:
a. Description of existing research projects, if any.
b. Description of research projects that are planned
and for which funds have been committed.
2. In addition, I would suggest that in the future before firm
commitments are made to research efforts in this field that coordina-
tion be undertaken with me prior to the actual commitment of funds.
3. Finally, there are a growing number of seminars and
conferences on the subject of terrorism being convened outside the
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LIAISON
23 August 1976
AGENCY LIAISON WITH DEPART?1F OF STATE
ON INTERNATIONAL TERRORIS"N1
25X1A
Effective immediately,
Special Assistant to
DDCI, is designated the Agency's principal official through whom
liaison will be conducted with the Department of State on matters
concerning the combat of international terrorism.
25X1A
will 25X1A
work closely with Ambassador L. Douglas Heck, director of a new
office in the Department of State for counterterrorism and Coordinator
of the Cabinet Committee Working Group on terrorism. All Agency
liaison with Ambassador Heck concerning international terrorism will
be conducted through
25X1A
. oc e
Deputy Director of Central Intelligence
25X1
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Attachment
NFIB-D-9.9/1
21 September 1976
MEMORANDUM FOR NATIONAL FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE BOARD PRINCIPALS
FROM George Bush
Chairman
SUBJECT: Intelligence Needed to Combat International Terrorism
1. The Secretary of State has advised me of his belief
that the urgency and magnitude of the international terrorism
problem require a strengthening of inter-departmental machinery
designed to deal. with this threat. He has appointed Ambassador.
L. Douglas Heck as Director of a newly structured State Depart-
ment office to combat terrorism and designated Ambassador Heck
to serve as the Coordinator of the Cabinet Committee Working
Group on Terrorism. The Secretary has requested that I par-
ticipate with his representatives in exploring ways in which
the management and coordination of our overall effort to deal
with acts of international terrorism can be improved.
2. As an essential element of this program there must be
a continuing focus by organizations of the Intelligence Community.
on the acquisition and prompt dissemination of the intelligence
needed to counter trrorist activity.
3. All NFIB organizations that have a capability to
collect information on the plans, intentions and capabilities
of groups or individuals engaging in international terrorist
activities are requested to assure the currency of the require-
ments against which they are operating. Those organizations
involved in the analysis and interpretation of such information
are requested to pay particular attention to its expeditious
dissemination,
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4. I have designated I las my representative 25X1A
in dealing with the international terrorism problem, and have
requested that he work with E__ I USAF 25X1A
(Retired), of my Intelligence Community Staff, on Community
aspects of the problem.
I invite you to provide comments and suggestions to
25X1A I I as to how we might improve our management and coord-
ination arrangements sous to enhance responsiveness of the
Intelligence Community to needs of the U.S. Government in this
problem area. I will ask to keep the NFIB posted on
developments.
25X1A
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ORD-2313-76
1 e U61 1976
25X1A MEMORANDUM FOR:
SA/DDCI
SUBJECT Office of Research and Development
REFERENCE . Memorandum fromi dated 25X1A
5 October 1976; subject: Coordination of
Research Effort Against International
Terrorism; Executive Registry Number
76-3626
1. This memorandum outlines the planned terrorism
research programs of the Office of Research and Development.
At present we have no terrorism projects under way. As
requested in the referent, we will keep you advised of any
future involvements we may have with terrorist research or
related activities.
2. Current plans call for ORD to initiate work during
FY-77 on two research programs related to terrorism.. The
Life Sciences Research Division is planning a program to
study Terrorist Negotiating Strategies ($60,000). This
program and its background are described below:
a. Data describing terrorist activities have
been collected throughout the course of history.
These data have been subjected to active analysis
during the preceding decade and are currently being
meticulously analyzed to serve various purposes.
These analytic efforts have addressed a number of
activities which can be listed under the general
heading of terrorism. For example, numerous authors
have addressed the violent anti-war activities occuring
in the U.S. as a direct outgrowth of the war in Vietnam
Others have examined international incidents growing
out of the Arab-Israeli conflict and the civil strife
in Ireland. Still others have dissected isolated
terrorist acts undertaken by ill-defined groups of
self-styled "terrorists."
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b. The burgeoning interest in terrorism is, to a
extent, an outgrowth of a recognized need (by various
nations of the world) to protect the lives of innocent
"bystanders" who become the unwilling targets of
terrorist groups. In general, the above-mentioned
analyses of terrorist activities have been directed
toward gaining an accurate understanding of the
character and composition of terrorist groups as well
as the underlying causes which lead such groups to
resort to violence. Insofar as possible, this general
information has been used to make educated guesses
about the possible behavior of terrorist groups engaged
in hostile operations. In addition, such information
has often been utilized to assist in the conduct of
negotiations with terrorist groups for the cessation
of hostilities or the release of hostages.
c. In several instances psychiatric and psycho-
biographic profiles have been developed on leaders of
large terrorist organizations to provide high-level
U.S. officials with insight into the personalities
and suspected motivations of such leaders. Efforts
like these and others which attempt to improve the
process of terrorist behavior prediction appear to
merit additional investigation and need to be extended
to a greater number of what might be termed "partici-
pating terrorists." It is this problem which LSR
research on terrorism intends to address. In effect,
a study will be designed to develop predictive data on
as large a population of known terrorists as possible.
The data to be collected will characterize individual
terrorists and hopefully will provide a semi-objective
means for predicting the behavior of individual terrorists.
Such knowledge should transcend the boundaries of
terrorist group membership and be useful if the individual
shifts his loyalties from one group to another. In
effect, we would hope to move the state-of-the-art away
from the realm of educated guesses by developing
methodologies which can be employed to predict behavior.
d. Our approach will consist of employin
presently-used predictive iques such as: 25X1A
to gather information
on known terrorists who have been jailed for partici-
pation in known terrorist activities. Where possible,
we will avail ourselves of data made available by our
clandestine services. A contractor with access to
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jailed terrorists will be retained if the clandestine
services cannot support the effort. Our intent and
hope are to use in-house resources to collect the data
and to employ an existing contractor familiar with the
tests in question to analyze them.
e. Once the data have been collected and analyzed,
experts will use the information evolved to predict
terrorist behavior in known scenarios. These predictions
will then be compared with the behavior that actually
occurred.
3. The second program involving terrorism is one
planned by the Problems Analysis Staff. It will include an
exploratory effort to examine the nature of terrorism in the
next decade. This program, Future Global Perspectives ($75,000),
will focus on the development of useful approaches for generating
plausible long-range scenarios on a global basis. The results
will be used as an input for long-range intelligence planning
activities. The terrorism aspect will derive from examination
of the scenarios to identify alternative patterns of regional
change over the next decade in order to assess terrorist threats
which might emerge. The reason for identifying potential future
terrorist threats is to provide some degree of early warning so
that planning decisions can be made about counter-terrorism
activities.
25X1
---IFrank A. Brig
Acting Director
of
Research and Development
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ali
MEMORANDUM FOR: Special Assistant/DDCI
SUBJECT: Coordination of Research Effort Against
International Terrorism
REFERENCE: ER 76-3626, Same Subject, 5 October 1976
The Office of Scientific Intelligence has neither
existing research projects nor research projects
planned at this time on international terrorism. You
may be interested, however, in several studies which we
recently published on decisionmaking in the Palestine
Liberation Organization. While the studies were not
primarily concerned with the terrorist activities of the
Fatah/PLO, their conclusions concerning the dynamics of
decisionmaking are applicable to decisions concerning
terrorism. Let us know if you wish copies of these
studies.
Acting Director
Scientific Intelligence
0
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13 October 2976
SA/DDCI
FROM Lewis J. Lapham
Director of Political Research
SUBJECT Scope of OPR's Current and Projected ~tesearch
Effort Against International Terrorism
REFERI~'+1CE SA/DDCT Memorandum of 5 October 2976,
Subject: Coordination of Research Effort .
Against International Terrorism.
1. Recognizing that international terrorism is a relatively
sigru.ficant factor in world politics, OPR has completed "Inter-
national and Transnational Terrorism Diagnosis and Prognosis,"'
PR 76 10030, April 2976, and has built and made available to
others a data bank of terrorist incidents, Ho*,vever, 25X1 A
OPR does not cover the subject on a continuing basis. The Office's
current effort in this field is limited to~preparing an updated
sizmma.ry of PR 76 20D30 fox inclusion in the overview of key global
issues that is scheduled for publication in January 1977.. Bibli-
ographies of classified and unclassified research an terrorism.
are also in preparation.
2. OPR does, however, have a follow-on study to PR 20030
"in reserve." Tentatively titled "Contemporary Transnat-ion21
Terrorism: The Problem of Cross-Border Coordinattion and Support,"
it was deve2o ed as far as the prospectus stage by 25X1A
with assistance--last spring. Since vn, o~ er
priori ies ave intervened.
3. A copy of the draft prospectus is attached for your
information. OPR hopes to revive the project at a future date.
25X1
Attachment: Draft Prospectus
25X1
to
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5 October 1976
k'~? 7~ -.S~ 7l
MEMORANDUM-FOR:
SA/ DDCI
SUBJECT Coordination of Research Effort Against
International Terrorism
Director of Medical Services
Director of Scientific Intelligence
Director of Political Research
Director of Technical Service
Acting Director of Research and Development
23 August 1976
b. NFIB-D-9