SPARROWS POINT PLANT, BETHLEHEM STEEL COMPANY

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-01333A000300030001-3
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 24
• Document Creation Date: December 9, 2016
• Document Release Date: August 8, 2000
• Sequence Number: 1
• Content Type: MISC

proved Fa'ir`s !QOO/P0/01 : " }A-RDP 01333A0003000 , 01-3
Approved For
BETHLEHEM STEEL COMPANY
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The steel plant
that grew
on tidewater
The Sparrows Point Plant is located 12 miles
from Baltimore, on the Patapsco River near
where it flows into the Chesapeake Bay. This
location has had a favorable influence on the
plant's development. Incoming ships, carrying
iron ore from overseas, dock directly at the
plant. Finished steel is shipped from its docks
to points on the Atlantic, Gulf, and Pacific
Coasts of this country, and to ports all over the
world. Steel from Sparrows Point can be
delivered quickly by railroad, water, or high-
way to the great industrial areas of the Eastern
Seaboard.
Lord Baltimore to Thomas Sparrow
The land on which-the Sparrows Point Plant
stands was deeded by Lord Baltimore to
Thomas Sparrow in 1652. Some 230 years
later the Pennsylvania Steel Company, with its
plant at Steelton, Pa., selected Sparrows Point
as the ideal site for a blast furnace to use
foreign ores in making the pig iron needed at
Steelton for the production of steel rails. Be-
fore the original Sparrows Point Plant could
be completed this plan had been modified, so
that Sparrows Point became a steel producer
in its own right. The plant poured its first pig
iron in 1889 and two years later made its first
heat of Bessemer steel, which was rolled into
rails.
As World War I spread across Europe,
Bethlehem Steel Company became one of the
chief suppliers of war materials to the Allies.
To meet the mounting demands, Bethlehem
had to increase its capacity, and in 1916 ac-
quired the Pennsylvania Steel Company. This
single move, giving Bethlehem the added
facilities of the Sparrows Point and Steelton
plants, nearly doubled its steelmaking capacity.
(Opposite page) Towering into the sky are the stacks
of open-hearth furnaces which produce molten steel.
Now the Largest in the Country
In the early Twenties a long-range program
of modernization and expansion was started
at this plant. Little of the original plant has
survived. The range of products has been
broad~al tnz ern automatic and
Aot s equipment has replaced the older-ty
mills. Sparrows Point now has an ingot capac-'
ity over twelve times as great as when Bethle-
hem ac
uired the nlant_ and in 1958 became
q
'".the largest steel plant in the country. ---~
One of Bethlehem's major ' ards is
1oc d at Sparrows Point -Tlits is one of the
few places i- n"tfie~world where a steel plant and
shipyard are adjacent. The Sparrows Point
yard builds cargo and passenger-cargo vessels
of all types, utilizing many of the products of
the steel plant. Another Bethlehem shipyard,
engaging primarily in repairs and conversion,
is located on the Key Highway, in Baltimore.
A "shipyard in reverse," the Patapsco Scrap
Corporation, is also operated by Bethlehem at
Fairfield, in the city of Baltimore. Here, on
ways which turned out ships in World War II,
old vessels are dismantled to supply scrap for
the steelmaking furnaces at Sparrows Point.
In times of normal operation the Sparrows
Point Plant employs a force of 30,000 people.
Approximately 40,000 are engaged in all of
the Bethlehem activities in the Baltimore area.
(Front cover) Ships in the foreground load finished steel, while
in the background a large vessel discharges its iron-ore cargo.
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 Men, mills, and
The Bethlehem Sparrows Point Plant is the
largest steel plant in the country. Its furnaces
and mills have a capacity of 8,200,000 ingot
tons of steel per year. That's a potential of
approximately 950 tons every hour of every
day!
The multitudinous operations that take place
within its more than 4,000 acres seem highly
complex at first glance, yet they follow an
orderly sequence from ore to finished steel.
The job of every man and machine, no matter
how far removed from steel-making it may
seem, is an essential part of a huge and care-
fully planned operation.
Steel for Many Industries
The steel-consuming industries to which
Sparrows Point furnishes steel products cover
the field all the way from small fabricating
shops to huge enterprises in industry, con-
struction, and transportation. Steel made at
Sparrows Point is used in the countless prod-
ucts and activities that help make American
standards of living the world's highest.
Millions of tons of steel sheets are produced
here each year for the automotive, railway,
furniture, building-construction, and miscel-
laneous manufacturing industries.
furnaces
Manufacturers of "tin" cans, bottle caps,
toys, and mass-produced articles in almost
endless variety take tremendous tonnages of
Sparrows Point tinplate and blackplate.
Shipbuilding, fabricated steel construction,
railways, and petroleum are among the heavy
industries that require the steel. plates and
flanged heads made here.
Among the chief consumers of Sparrows
Point pipe are the heating, refrigeration, air-
conditioning, petroleum, gas, and construction
industries, in addition to the plumbing trade.
Wire, one of the most versatile of all steel
products, is produced at this plant for manu-
facturers of furniture, fencing, nails and other
fasteners, chains and bale ties, as well as
countless other items for household, farm, and
industrial use.
Vast Tonnages of Raw Materials Used
Raw materials are the lifeblood of a steel
plant, and their handling and storage consti-
tute a major phase of Sparrows Point opera-
tions.
About 4,000,000 tons of ore can be stored
here at one time. These ores are received
principally from South America and Labrador.
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 Coal storage capacity is available for 700,000
tons. This coal comes by rail, or by rail and
water, from mines in Pennsylvania, Kentucky,
and West Virginia. Normal operations require
about 5,500,000 tons of coal per year.
Limestone is received by rail, principally
from quarries in Pennsylvania and West
Virginia.
Substantial quantities of steel scrap come
from the Patapsco Scrap Corporation's plant
where ships, old machinery and other equip-
ment are broken up and sorted for remelting.
Excellent Transportation
The availability of ocean transportation to
supplement railroads and highways, together
with the proximity of Eastern markets, are
advantages that have greatly contributed to
the growth of Sparrows Point. Ships bringing
in the plant's supplies of iron ore dock and
unload their cargoes almost in the shadows of
the blast furnaces; ships transport sheets,
tinplate, wire, pipe and other Sparrows Point
products directly from the plant docks to
coastal and overseas markets.
Inland shipments to steel consuming points
are made by rail and highway.
By-Products for Other Industries
Besides steel, an important phase of Spar-
rows Point's business is its output of coal
chemicals.
Coal chemicals, recovered during the coke-
making process, are sold to other manufac-
turers who use them in such products as
plastics, dyes, synthetic fabrics, and drugs.
Blast-furnace slag is sold to manufacturers of
mineral-wool insulating products, road mate-
rials, concrete, and other building materials.
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What Sparrows Point
Toluol, one of the many coal chemicals produced during the coke-
making process, is recovered in this plant for use by other industries.
Plant makes
Heads: Flanged and Dished, and Pressed-Plate
Products.
Pipe: Butt-weld and Electric-Resistance-weld,
Black and Galvanized. Structural Fence Pipe.
Concrete Reinforcing Bars: Plain and Fabri-
cated.
Wire Rods: Low, Medium, and High Carbon.
Merchant Wire: Annealed and Galvanized
Fence and Stone Wire; Barbless Wire and
Clothesline.
Manufacturer's Wire: Bright, Annealed, Gal-
vanized, Bethanized, Coarse; Low, Medium,
and High-Carbon Steel.
Barbed Wire: Galvanized, 2-point., 4-point.
Nails and Staples: Bright, Galvanized. Ce-
ment Coated, Blued, Hardened. Ring-shank,
Screw-shank, Square-shank.
Bale Ties: Special-annealed.
Wire Strand: Bethanized, 3-wire, 7-wire, 19-
wire. Cable and stress-relieved strand for
prestressed concrete.
Sheets: Hot-rolled, Cold-rolled.
Galvanized Sheets: Flat, Formed Roofing and
Siding; Culvert.
Enameling Sheets
Tinplate: Electrolytic and Hot-dipped.
Blackplate
Coal Chemicals: Tar, Ammonium Sulphate,
Benzol, Toluol, Xylol, Crude Naphthalene,
Crude Pyridine, and other Chemicals.
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 Part of the unloading and storage facilities for iron ore at Sparrows Point. Clamshell buckets operated from the large
movable ore bridges pick up the ore from the holds of incoming ocean vessels and deposit it onshore in huge stock piles.
Raw materials
of steelmaking
The principal raw materials entering into the
steelmaking process are iron ore, coal, lime-
stone, and scrap steel, in addition to air and
water.
The iron ore, brought to Sparrows Point by
ocean-going ships, is unloaded and stored in
huge piles. As needed, the different grades are
blended in proper proportions and fed to the
blast furnaces.
Limestone, stored adjacent to the ore, has
been crushed and screened to suitable size.
Received from nearby quarries, the stone
serves as a flux in making iron and steel.
Bituminous coal is crushed, blended, and
converted into coke for use in the blast
furnaces by baking in coke ovens for 18 hours
or longer.
Scrap steel is broken or cut into usable
lengths, tested for alloy content, and segregated
by grades, for use in the open-hearth furnaces.
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 ?~r
Tw...f.., ...-,
COKE
OVENS
FURNACE
Ore ... to iron ... to
WHAT IT TAKES TO MAKE
1 INGOT-TON OF STEEL
1 1/5 tons of Iron Ore
2/3 ton of Coal
1/5 ton of Limestone
1 /3 ton of Scrap Steel
8 tons of Air
157 tons of Water
PIG IRON for steelmaking is produced in the blast furnace. Iron
ore, coke, and limestone are fed into-the furnace and subjected
to pre-heated air. As the coke burns, gases are formed that reduce
the iron ore to metallic iron. Lime from the limestone combines with
the impurities and forms slag. There are ten large blast furnaces
at the Sparrows Point Plant.
OPEN-HEARTH FURNACES produce all steel at Sparrows -Point.
An open-hearth furnace is charged principally with molten pig
iron from the blast furnace, and cold ferrous scrap. Flames from
the combustion of oil, tar, or gas and pre-heated air sweep down
across the shallow hearth to melt the charge and to provide
necessary heat for refining the steel. Sparrows Point Plant has 35
open-hearth furnaces.
AFTER-TAPPING of the open-hearth furnaces, the molten steel is
poured into ingot molds made of cast iron.
INGOTS are stripped from the molds and reheated in furnaces
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 Approve for eerie 2000/9/
st7A ING
amts". ,
BLO ING OR
rah MILL
finished steel
called soaking pits. Here heat is applied until the ingots are of
uniform temperature throughout, ready for rolling.
THE BLOOMING OR SLABBING MILL is the first mill through which
the ingots pass. Consisting of large reversing rolls, this mill rolls the
ingots down to blooms or slabs for further processing in other mills.
BLOOMS go to the billet mills where they are elongated and
reduced in cross section. Some of the resulting billets are then rolled
to reinforcing bars and rods on continuous rod mills. Other billets
are rolled into long strips on continuous skelp mills for further
processing into pipe.
BUTT-WELD PIPE, up to and including 4 in., is made from skelp,
which is fed automatically into the continuous pipe mills where it
is heated to proper temperature, then shaped by a series of
forming rolls and welded by the action of welding rolls. Larger
pipe, up to 16 in. diameter, is formed and electrically welded
from skelp on a new pipe mill which is the most modern of its type.
WIRE is made from coiled rod produced on high-speed, continuous
rod mills. The rod is drawn through a series of dies of gradually
diminishing size, to produce wire of the required gage. Some
wire is furnished plain and some is zinc-coated, either by the
hot-dip method or the bethanizing (electrolytic) process.
PLATES are rolled from slabs on large dual-stand reversible mills.
Heated slabs are passed back and forth between the rolls until
they are reduced to the proper thickness. Some plates are then
sheared to width, and others are rolled to width by means of
vertical rolls.
SHEETS are rolled from slabs on high-speed, continuous mills. After
hot-rolling, some of this material is further reduced by cold-rolling,
and then annealed and finally skin-passed in still another cold
mill to improve the surface properties.
TINPLATE is made by coating the cold-reduced product with tin,
either by hot-dipping or by the electrolytic process. Blackplate,
another product, is similar to tinplate but without the coating.
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 Four-stand, 66-inch mill where steel previously hot-rolled is further reduced in thickness
by cold-rolling. Strip passes through this mill at speeds up to 3000 feet per minute.
After the steel is rolled here it is annealed, cooled, skin-passed, and sheared to size.
The cooling tower on the
finishing end of the contin-
uous galvanizing line at
the Sparrows Point Plant.
Coils of sheet steel, welded
end to end, form a con-
tinuous strip that passes
through this automatic
galvanizing equipment
where it is zinc-coated.
Looping tower takes up the
slack in the continuous tin-
plate line to allow time for
welding strips together
prior to electrolytic coat-
ing. Tin applied by elec-
trolytic process is uniform
along entire length and on
both surfaces of the coil.
Sheets
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and tinplate for cars and cans
Hot-rolled sheets are made at Sparrows Point
on modern, high-speed continuous mills that
finish the products in one continuous passage
through the roll stands. This steel is used in
such applications as automobile frames, oil
drums, tanks, railway cars, radio and television
receivers, galvanized products, and a wide
variety of industrial items.
Cold-rolled sheets are produced on tandem
mills that are fed with coils previously rolled
on the hot mills. Refrigerators, washing ma-
chines, ranges, tubs, automobile bodies, fur-
niture, filing cabinets, roofing, and many other
items are made from this steel.
Steel for the tin-mill products is made in a
similar manner to cold-rolled sheets, except
that it is rolled to thinner gages. This steel
may be coated with tin either by hot-dipping,
or by the electrolytic process; or may be pro-
vided as blackplate without the tin coating.
While the container industry uses by far the
major part of tin-mill products, substantial
tonnages are also used in the manufacture of
kitchen utensils, bottle caps, toys, venetian
blinds, oil filters, and many other miscella-
neous items.
Sheet and tin-mill products made at Spar-
rows Point are carefully checked at each stage
of production to insure uniformity of chemical
analysis, gage, surface, and mechanical prop-
erties, as well as weight and quality of coating.
Tin-mill products from Sparrows Point go into the manu-
facture of cans, containers, closures, caps.
This unusual "exploded" view graphically illustrates the fact that
70 per cent of the modern automobile is sheet steel.
Another tin-mm proaucr, oiacKNIuic, 13 ~?~??+? ~?~
used in the manufacture of steel venetian blinds. and many other products. Here, a ribbon of galvanized sheet is
being formed into spiral pipe.
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 Facts about the
Sparrows Point Plant
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 Its annual steelmaking capacity is now 8,200,000 tons, or
nearly 16 tons every minute. It has a normal force of 30,000
employees. The annual payroll is about $190,000,000.
Daily rates of water consumption are 100 million gallons of
industrial water, 15 million gallons of fresh water, 540
million gallons of salt water. The plant's 20,000 electric
motors total more than 800,000 horsepower. About 15,000
tons of coal are used daily, enough to heat 2,000 Baltimore
homes for a year. Coal and limestone are received largely
by rail. Ore is brought to plant docks by a fleet of company-
owned ore-carrying ships, and by chartered vessels. Some
150,000 gallons of paint and 30,000 gallons of mastic
material are used every year to protect the plant's 758
buildings, as well as machinery and other facilities.
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Wire by the thousands of
Finished bethanized wire from the electrolytic zinc-coating
units is coiled at high speeds.
Continuous wire-drawing machines draw endless coils of cold steel rod
through hardened dies of gradually diminishing sizes.
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miles made to order
for industry
It is almost impossible to mention an industry
that does not use steel wire for some purpose.
There are more than 150,000 different items
manufactured from steel wire. Wire made at
Sparrows Point goes into such diverse prod-
ucts as upholstery springs, mechanical springs,
nails, staples, bolts, screws, bale ties, fence,
barbed wire, kitchen gadgets, strand, and cable
-to name only a few. Wire is manufactured
to individual specifications, depending entirely
on the end use. It is literally tailor-made as to
grade of steel, size, shape, finish, and mechan-
ical properties.
At Sparrows Point, heated billets are rolled
down to rods on high-speed, continuous mills,
consisting of roughing, intermediate, and fin-
ishing stands. Some of these rods are sold to
the trade, but the major portion are processed
into wire and wire products. Deformed steel
bars in all the sizes used for reinforced-con-
crete construction are also rolled on these
mills.
In the wire mill the coiled rod is drawn into
wire through a series of dies of gradually
diminishing sizes, made of very hard material,
generally tungsten carbide. As cold-drawing
increases the hardness of steel wire, heat-
Chain-link fence, coat hangers and welding
rods are among the items made from Sparrows
Point wire.
Strand for guying radio masts, ground wire for
power lines, and messenger strand for phone
systems contain bethanized wire.
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Hundreds of different types
of wire are made here to
supply manufacturers who
produce an unlimited vari-
ety of household and in-
dustrial items.
treatment is often used to soften it between
successive drawing operations.
Some of the wire is galvanized by hot-dip-
ping and some, known as bethanized wire, is
given a high-purity zinc coating by an electro-
lytic process.
As many as 700 different types and sizes of
nails alone are made on a large battery of
automatic nail machines at Sparrows Point.
Some of these machines are capable of cold-
heading 600 nails per minute. Barbed wire,
both two- and four-point types, is made on
high-speed machines in another part of this
mill.
Strand, made principally of bethanized
wire, is also produced here. It is used as guy
lines, highway guard cable, static lines, and as
messenger strand in telephone systems. Stress-
relieved strand is used in prestressed concrete.
Bed springs and upholstery springs
for furniture and automobiles are
made from the steel spring wire
produced here.
 A glowing steel plate passes through the new 160-in. sheared plate mill.
Plates and heads for heavy
industrial products
One of the principal products of the Sparrows
Point Plant is steel plate, rolled principally for
use in heavy industry. Large tonnages of plates
go into ships, bridges, buildings, railway cars
and locomotives, machinery, large pipe, tanks,
and building construction. Bethlehem itself
uses plates made at Sparrows -Point in the
fabrication of steel plate work and other
industrial products, as well as in the shipyards.
The plate-rolling facilities at Sparrows Point
consist of two mills. Using slabs from the
blooming and slabbing mills, one of the mills
produces sheared plates, while the other turns
out universal plates with rolled edges.
A flanging shop is operated in connection
with the -plate mills. Here plates are spun or
pressed into dished or flanged heads for the
ends of tanks, boilers, and other closed vessels.
A 32,650-ton oil tanker being launched at Sparrows Point Shipyard.
Steel plates for this vessel were made at Sparrows Point.
Huge de-ethanizing tower built from plates and
dished heads made at Sparrows Point Plant.
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Forming steel pipe for
domestic and industrial uses
Steel pipe, another leading product of the
Sparrows Point Plant, is made in approxi-
mately 750 different sizes, types, and grades.
Tremendous tonnages of merchant pipe are
made on modern continuous butt-weld mills
that turn out pipe at speeds of 500 or more feet
per minute. Much of this goes into plumbing,
heating, air-conditioning, refrigeration, irri-
gation, railway, and general utility applications.
Larger pipe, up to 16 inches in diameter, is
made on another mill using the electric-weld
process. This pipe is required for water mains,
steam, gas and oil lines, casing for water wells,
structural columns, and various industrial uses.
Galvanizing, testing, cutting and threading
facilities are available at the pipe mill. High
quality of each length of finished pipe is as-
sured by many inspections and tests.
This new pipe mill forms and welds durable steel pipe from strips of rolled steel
called skelp, using the electric-resistance welding method.
Piping painted in identifying colors carries
steam, water, and gases used in industrial
plants. Pipe made at Sparrows Point is used for
installations like this, as well as for radiant heat-
ing, refrigeration and plumbing systems.
This Baltimore skating rink,
which doubles as a parking
lot in baseball and football
seasons, contains thousands
of feet of refrigeration pipe
made at Sparrows Point.
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 Ap
Services and utilities
to serve a large city
Some 10,000 people, or approximately one
out of every three Sparrows Point employees,
are engaged in maintenance, service or trans-
portation. This small army, representing sev-
eral hundred different technical skills, is
needed to keep a plant of this size running
smoothly twenty-four hours a day.
The 758 buildings and 40 miles of paved
roads in the plant, as well as all of the me-
chanical equipment, are kept in repair by the
large maintenance forces.
Operation of the power-generating system,
substations, distribution system and electrical
equipment is handled jointly by the Electrical,
Mechanical, and Fuel Departments. Sparrows
Point consumes 1/400 of all the electric power
generated in the nation.
Thousands of general-supply items are
stored in warehouses and delivered through-
out the plant by a large truck fleet.
The plant is served by a terminal switching
line known as the Patapsco & Back Rivers
Railroad. This railroad, with its 100 miles of
track and 47 diesel-electric locomotives, con-
nects the industries on its line with the Balti-
more and Ohio Railroad, the Pennsylvania
Railroad, and the Western Maryland Railway.
3000 railway cars operate within the plant.
Steam plant where part of the electric power is
generated for Sparrows Point. Surplus blast-furnace
gas, coke breeze, and fuel oil are the fuels used.
Massive electric motors
drive the rolls in the
45 x 90 universal slabbing
mill. Large shafts driven
by these motors extend
through the wall to the
mill in the adjacent room.
Diesel-electric locomotives supply the motive power
for handling switching movements on Patapsco &
Back Rivers Railroad serving the Sparrows Point area.
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A fully equipped hospital
and two outlying dispen-
saries handle minor in-
juries, emergency illnesses,
and physical examinations.
A welfare program
that never ends
Employees' welfare room with washing facilities and indi-
vidual lockers for clothing storage.
Every effort is made to insure the safety of
employees at Sparrows Point Plant. Instruc-
tion and demonstrations of safety measures are
given, and working conditions are inspected
constantly to help reduce possible fire or acci-
dent hazards. Atmosphere tests are made fre-
quently to detect any contamination, such as
from dust or gases, that might affect the health
of employees.
The plant has a main hospital and two
outlying dispensaries equipped to treat minor
injuries or emergency illnesses, and to make
complete physical examinations. Doctors and
nurses who are trained in industrial medicine
are on duty at all times. Facilities at their dis-
posal include X-ray, electrocardiograph, clin-
ical laboratories, operating room, and ambu-
lances.
The plant Fire Department is a completely-
equipped organization that protects personnel
and property throughout the plant. Modern
pumping trucks, cruiser cars, and fire-fighting
equipment are ready for any emergency.
A uniformed Plant Patrol is on duty 24
hours a day, handling inspections and identi-
fication at the various plant entrances and pro-
viding protection for employees and property.
Escort service for visitors, control of traffic,
and general assistance in emergencies are some
of the many responsibilities of the Plant Patrol.
Employees learn safety measures and first aid procedures
in classes conducted by technicians. These efforts have
helped Sparrows Point maintain an excellent safety record.
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Better jobs
New employees are interviewed by placement
counselors who have had years of experience.
through employee training
The Employment Department at Sparrows
Point is set up to handle individual problems
of employees and prospective employees.
Placement counselors interview the applicant
and make every effort to place him in the most
suitable job.
Any necessary adjustments of jobs, due to
varying levels of operations, are handled on
an individual basis by this department, with
the assistance of the Training Department.
There are five types of formal training pro-
grams for employees conducted on a long-
term basis at Sparrows Point: loop training,
college graduate training (other than the
loop), extension and correspondence-school
training, apprentice training, and learner
training. In each program the progress of the
employee is carefully followed and records of
achievements are kept in permanent files for
future reference.
LENGTH OF SERVICE OF
SPARROWS POINT PLANT EMPLOYEES
100
90
80
r
z 70
60
50
W 40
d 30
20
10
10 to 45 YRS. 5 to 10 YRS. LESS THAN
AND MORE 5 YRS.
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Baltimore ...
a blend of industry, culture,
good living
The city of Baltimore, sixth largest in the
United States, dates back to pre-Revolutionary
days, and holds a prominent place in the his-
tory and traditions of our country. As a port,
it is second in size to New York, and has one
of the most strategic locations on the Atlantic
seaboard.
World-renowned Johns Hopkins Hospital has helped to
establish Baltimore as a leading medical center.
Baltimore is one of the nation's most diver-
sified industrial centers, the home of some
2,100 manufacturing enterprises, and a head-
quarters of banking, insurance, and every type
of commercial activity. The labor supply is
large, the local government forward-looking,
and the tax structure favorable.
Beneath the commerce, industry, and ship-
ping lies a traditional atmosphere of neighbor-
liness and culture. Baltimore is a delightful
blend of the best attributes of both North and
South. Living costs are moderate, housing
conditions are attractive, and the climate is
pleasant.
Schools and institutions for higher educa-
tion are excellent. Facilities for culture, sports,
and entertainment are outstanding. Hospitals
and medical centers rank among the finest in
the country. Department stores and shopping
centers are modern, and Baltimore's restau-
rants have earned for the city the title of
"gastronomic metropolis of the nation."
Tradition, progressive industry, and delight-
ful living provide the ideal combination for
continued years of growth and opportunity.
Approved For Release 2000/09/01 : CIA-RDP80-01333A000300030001-3
 Approved For Release 2000/09/01 : CIA-RDP80-01333A000300030001-3
Bethlehem plants,
shipyards, and products
STEEL PLANTS
Bethlehem, Johnstown, Lebanon, Steelton and
Williamsport, Pennsylvania; Sparrows Point, Mary-
land; Lackawanna, New York; South San Francisco
and Los Angeles, California; Seattle, Washington.
FABRICATING WORKS
Bethlehem, Johnstown, Leetsdale, Pottstown, Ran-
kin and Steelton, Pennsylvania; Buffalo, New York;
Chicago, Illinois; Beaumont, Texas; Alameda,
South San Francisco and Torrance, California;
Seattle, Washington.
SHIPBUILDING AND REPAIR YARDS
Quincy and East Boston, Massachusetts; Brooklyn
and Staten Island, New York; Hoboken, New
Jersey; Baltimore and Sparrows Point, Maryland;
Beaumont, Texas; San Francisco and Terminal
Island (San Pedro), California.
OTHER MANUFACTURING UNITS
Boston, Massachusetts; Buffalo, New York; Dunel-
len and Elizabeth, New Jersey; Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania; Baltimore and Fairfield, Maryland;
Richmond, Virginia; Charlotte and Raleigh, North
Carolina; Birmingham, Alabama; Hallandale, Jack-
sonville and Miami, Florida; Clearing, Illinois;
Detroit and Romulus, Michigan; Minneapolis,
-Minnesota; Tulsa, Oklahoma.
-STEEL PLANT PRODUCTS
Ferro-Manganese; Blooms, Billets, Slabs, and Bars;
Carbon, Alloy, and Special Steels; Coal Chemicals;
Structural Shapes; Tin Mill Products; Sheets; Tool
Steels; Plates; Rails; Pipe; Wire; Wire Rods; Con-
crete Reinforcing Bars; Steel Piling.
SHIPBUILDING AND REPAIRIING
Design, Construction, and Repair of ships of all
types and sizes; Marine Machinery and Equipment.
Lobby of Bethlehem Steel Company's general office building at
Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. In foreground is one of four comfortably-
appointed waiting alcoves; reception desk is in center of picture.
MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS
Bridges, Buildings, Towers, and Other Fabricated
Structures of All Kinds; Forgings; Joists and Other
Construction Specialties; Flanged and Dished
Heads; Tools; Cold Formed Shapes and Blanked
Specialties; Freight and Mine Cars and Car Parts;
Trackwork and Accessories; Wheels and Axles for
Railway and Industrial Equipment; Wire Rope,
Strand, and Slings; Nails, Staples, Barbed Wire, and
Bale Ties; Fence Posts; Guard Rails, Cable, Posts,
and Highway Specialties; Bolts, Nuts, Rivets,
Spikes, and Other Industrial Fasteners; Mine Roof
Supports; Sucker Rods; Gear -Blanks and Circular
Forgings; Hardened Steel Rolls; Weldments; Ord-
nance; Steel, Iron, Brass, and Bronze Castings;
Ingot Moulds and Stools; Hydraulic and Special
Machinery; Tunnel Segments; Tanks and Pressure
Vessels; Oil Well Producing and Refining Equip-
ment; Fabricated Reinforcing Bars.
(Back cover) Train of in of bu ies moves (Op osite page) Molten steel gushes out of
Approved For Release 2000/09/0t'Le s'llAftW? igoQlt iA=00 000 Open-hearth furnace at tapping time.
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