PROBABLE AERODYNAMIC MISSILE FACILITIES KAPUSTIN YAR/VLADIMIROVKA MISSILE TEST CENTER, USSR

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: NGA Records (Formerly NIMA)
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP02T06408R000900010002-9
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: T
• Document Page Count: 25
• Document Creation Date: December 28, 2016
• Document Release Date: August 24, 2005
• Sequence Number: 2
• Publication Date: September 1, 1960
• Content Type: REPORT

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fFOP SECRET
Joint Photographic Intelligence Report
PROBABLE AERODYNAMIC MISSILE FACILITIES
KAPUSTIN YAR/VLADIMIROVKA
MISSILE TEST CENTER, USSR
PIC/JR-18/60
SEPTEMBER 1960
Published and Disseminated by
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
Photographic Intelligence Center
NO. PAGES_28
COPY NO.
Declass Review by NIMAIDOD
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WARNING
This material contains information affecting
the National Defense of the United States
within the meaning of the espionage laws,
Title 18, USC, Secs. 793 and 794, the trans-
mission or revelation of which in any manner
to an unauthorized person is prohibited by law.
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PROBABLE AERODYNAMIC MISSILE FACILITIES
KAPUST1N YAR/VLADIMIROVKA
MISSILE TEST CENTER, USSR
PIC/JR-18/60
SEPTEMBER 1960
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PREFACE
This joint photographic intelligence report has been prepared by the Army,
Navy, and Central Intelligence Agency as a partial answer to Army SRI-59T-1-59
and SRI-61T-1-59, Navy DNI Proj 436-59 and 417-60, Central Intelligence Agency
RR/E/R84/59 and SI/R56/59, and JPRC/R22/59. The report combines the
photography in presenting a detailed photo analysis
of the Probable Aerodynamic Missile Facilities at the Kapustin Yar/Vladimirovka
Missile Test Center. A similar analysis of the Surface-to-Air Missile Facilities
has already been published in PIC/JR-14/60, and analysis is under way on the
Surface-to-Surface Missile Facilities at the Test Center.
This report presents a comparative analysis of the
photography, and the line drawings portray in green all changes and
additions subsequent to the 1957 coverage. All zone numbers, initially allocated
to the several areas discussed in this report, have been replaced by functional and
letter designations, and are referenced only parenthetically throughout the report.
Most illustrations are oriented with north generally toward the top of the page. All
reported azimuths are referenced from True North, and the term miles in the text
refers to nautical miles. A table on page 28 provides geographic coordinates of the
major areas.
PIC/JR-18/60
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
SUMMARY .......................................................................... 9
INTRODUCTION ...................................................................... 11
LAUNCH COMPLEX"D" ................................................................ 11
LAUNCH AREA ................................................................... 11
Launch Site 1D ................................................................. 12
Functional Analysis of Launch Site 1D .................................................. 14
Launch Site 2D ................................................................. 15
Launch Site 3D ................................................................. 16
Functional Analysis of Launch Site 3D .................................................. 16
Launch Site 4D ................................................................. 17
GUIDANCE AND/OR INSTRUMENTATION .................................................. 17
Range Control Center (Sites D-1 and D-2) ............................................... 18
Radar Facility (Site D-3) .......................................................... 19
Rear "L" Pattern (Sites D-4 through D-6) ............................................... 19
Forward "L" Pattern (Sites D-7 through D-10) ............................................ 20
Linear Pattern (Sites D-11 and D-12) .................................................. 22
LOGISTICAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE SUPPORT AREA ......................................... 23
Section North .................................................................. 23
Section South .................................................................. 23
Section West ................................................................... 24
ASSEMBLY AND CHECKOUT AREA ...................................................... 24
MISSILE FABRICATION COMPLEX .......................................................... 26
LABORATORY AND ADMINISTRATIVE AREA ............................................... 26
FABRICATION AREA ................................................................ 26
SUPPORT AREA ................................................................... 27
CONCLUSIONS ....................................................................... 27
TABLE OF GEOGRAPHIC COORDINATES ..................................................... 28
SOURCES ........................................................................... 28
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TABLE OF ILLUSTRATIONS
Page
FIGURE 1. GENERAL ORIENTATION MAP .................................................. 9
FIGURE 2. LOCATION OF THE PROBABLE AERODYNAMIC MISSILE FACILITIES WITHIN
THE KAPUSTIN YAR/VLADIMIROVKA MISSILE TEST CENTER ............................ 10
FIGURE 3. PROBABLE AERODYNAMIC MISSILE FACILITIES ..................................... 11
FIGURE 4. COMPARATIVE PHOTOGRAPHY OF THE LAUNCH AREA ................................ 12
FIGURE 5. LAUNCH SITE ID ........................................................... 12
FIGURE 6. CONCEPT OF THE RAIL-SERVED LAUNCH STRUCTURE AT LAUNCH SITE 1D ................. 13
FIGURE 7. TWO-VIEWS OF THE RAIL-SERVED LAUNCH STRUCTURE AT LAUNCH SITE 1D ............... 13
FIGURE 8. SOVIET PHOTOGRAPH OF A TYPICAL TOWER CRANE USED IN
CONSTRUCTION WORK THROUGHOUT THE SOVIET UNION .............................. 14
FIGURE 9. LAUNCH SITE 2D ........................................................... 14
FIGURE 10. LAUNCH SITE 3D ........................................................... 15
FIGURE 11. CONCEPT OF THE LAUNCH STRUCTURE AT LAUNCH SITE 3D ........................... 16
FIGURE 12. LAUNCH SITE 4D ........................................................... 16
FIGURE 13. GUIDANCE AND/OR INSTRUMENTATION FACILITIES AT
LAUNCH COMPLEX "D" ...................................................... 17
FIGURE 14. RANGE CONTROL CENTER AT LAUNCH COMPLEX "D" ................................ 18
FIGURE 15. RADAR FACILITY (SITE D-3) ................................................... 18
FIGURE 16. SITE D-4 ................................................................. 19
FIGURE 17. CONCEPT OF SITE D-4 ....................................................... 19
FIGURE 18. SITE D-5 ................................................................. 20
FIGURE 19. SITE D-6 ................................................................. 20
FIGURE 20. SITE D-7 ................................................................. 20
FIGURE 21. CONCEPT OF SITE D-7 ....................................................... 21
FIGURE 22. SITE D-8 ................................................................. 21
FIGURE 23. SITE D-9 ................................................................. 21
FIGURE 24. SITE D-10 ................................................................ 21
FIGURE 25. RANGE CAMP ASSOCIATED WITH THE FORWARD "L" PATTERN .......................... 22
FIGURE 26. SITE D-11 ................................................................ 22
FIGURE 27. SITE D-12 ................................................................ 23
FIGURE 28. LOGISTICAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE SUPPORT AREA .................................. 24
FIGURE 29. ASSEMBLY AND CHECKOUT AREA ............................................... 25
FIGURE 30. COMPARISON OF THE ASSEMBLY AND CHECKOUT AREA AT COMPLEX "D"
WITH MISSILE CHECKOUT AND ASSEMBLY FACILITY NO. 2 AT TYURA TAM .................. 25
FIGURE 31. MISSILE FABRICATION COMPLEX AT VLADIMIROVKA ................................. 26
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INTRODUCTION
The Probable Aerodynamic Missile
Facilities constitute a large portion of
the Kapustin Yar/Vladimirovka Missile
Test Center which is located about 60
miles southeast of Stalingrad along the
Volga River Flood Plain (see Figure 1).
These facilities may occupy a unique
position in the family of known Soviet
missile test facilities, for they can be
distinguished from all other test facilities
by certain distinctive physical character-
istics and operational requirements. In-
deed, these facilities strongly suggest
that the Soviets are concerned with the
development of large aerodynamic-type
missiles.
The facilities occupy a 675-square
mile area in the southern portion of the
Center and have been grouped in two
functional units, a launch complex, desig-
nated Launch Complex "D", and a missile
fabrication complex (see Figures 2 and 3).
The Vladimirovka Support Base, which
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historically has been associated with So-
viet Air Force activities, as contrasted
with Soviet Artillery activities at Kapustin
Yar, provides second- and third-echelon
support, and is probably the headquarters
for over-all operational control of this
program as well as the airborne weapons
program.
The Vladimirovka Support Base, like
the one at Kapustin Yar, is situated along
the Stalingrad/Astrakhan railroad, and an
all-weather road connects Vladimirovka
and Kapustin Yar. Vladimirovka is also
served by Volga River barge traffic from
the nearby docking facilities at Petro-
pavlovsk.
From Vladimirovka, a branch rail
line and an all-weather road lead out to
Launch Complex "D", and the road con-
tinues on to Launch Complex "C". An
overhead power line from Vladimirovka
services Complex "D" and probable buried
pipelines provide water for both the launch
complex and the fabrication complex. In
addition, a Class I airfield at Vladimirovka
services the fabrication complex.
LAUNCH COMPLEX "D"
Launch Complex "D", which consti-
tutes the major portion of the Probable
Aerodynamic Missile Facilities, includes
a launch area, several patterns of guidance
and/or instrumentation, an administrative
and logistical support area, and an assem-
bly and checkout area (see Figure 3).
These facilities are widely dispersed over
an area of about 450 square miles, which
lies north and east of the Vladimirovka
Support Base. However, excluding the rear
and forward instrumentation networks, the
facilities are situated along the branch
rail line and all-weather road servicing
the complex from Vladimirovka.
In 1957 construction was still under
way on two launch sites at the launch
area, the forward instrumentation net-
work, and the assembly and checkout area.
In 1959 these facilities are complete and
another launch site and instrumentation
network have been added during the inter-
im period of two years. In addition, there
is a current expansion program under
way at the launch area which will provide
a fourth launch site.
MISSILE FABRICATION COMPLEX
VLADIMIROVKA
FIGURE 3. PROBABLE AERODYNAMIC MISSILE FACILI-
TIES. All facilities are portrayed except a forward pat-
tern of guidance/instrumentation, Troop Training Launch
Complex `G" which is associated with the SSM Facilities,
is not discussed in this report.
External support apparently comes
from Vladimirovka. An overhead power
line extends from Vladimirovka to a sub-
station near the Launch Area, and prob-
able buried pipelines from Vladimirovka
satisfy the water requirements of the
complex, including water at the Launch
Area. Internal communications are prob-
ably effected by buried cable lines inter-
connecting the facilities within the com-
plex.
PIC/JR-18/60
LAUNCH AREA
The Launch Area, located at the ter-
minus of the branch rail line from Vladim-
irovka, consists of four contiguous launch
sites (see Figure 4). The facilities ateach
launch site strongly suggest an R&D pro-
gram involving aerodynamic-type mis-
siles. Of the four sites, there was evidence
of only two in 1957. At that time, heavy
construction was essentially complete at
Launch Site 1D, and construction had
begun on Site 2D approximately 30 days
prior to the 1957 coverage. In 1959 Launch
Site 1D is complete and has been operative
for some time, whereas the initial con-
struction at Site 2D appears to have been
abandoned a few months subsequent to
the 1957 coverage. However, a much
smaller launch facility was constructed
at Site 2D, and it may have been utilized
for small scale operations. Between the
1957 and 1959 missions, Launch Site 3D
was constructed and appears to have been
operative for some time. Work began on
Launch Site 4D several months prior to
the 1959 coverage, and it appears to be
approximately 50 percent complete.
Only Launch Site 1D is served by
rail, and all four sites are served by an
all-weather road. A probable buried pipe-
line provides water for Site 1D which is
apparently the only site requiring water
for its launch operations. Buried cable
lines probably provide communications
between the Launch Area and other facil-
ities in the complex.
It is significant to note that the launch
facilities here are somewhat unique. Noth-
ing comparable has been found at any
other Soviet launch area covered by
D
photography.
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SITE
4D
LAUNCH SITE 11)
Launch Site 1D, probably completed
during late 1957 or early 1958, is located
at the terminus of the branch rail line
from Vladimirovka. It is secured by a
double wire fence 2,250 by 1,525 feet,
with guard towers positioned at equal
intervals along the external fence line.
SECURITY
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SITE
3D
SITE
2D
SITE
1D
FIGURE 4. COMPARATIVE PHOTOGRAPHY OF THE LAUNCH AREA. The left photograph portrays the Launch Area as o
and the one on the right portrays the status as ol I
I
RAIL-SERVED LAUNCH STRUCTURE
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PIC/JR-18/60
The site consists of a complex rail-
served launch structure, a road-served
probable rail launcher added since 1957,
a large rail-mounted tower crane, a
control hunker, and two groups of support
buildings (see Figure 5). Within the fenced
area, an elaborate surface drainage sys-
tem and water storage facilities are
readily evident. Communications are ap-
~ TO FORWARD L PATTERN
FIGURE 5. LAUNCH SITE 10. This is the only rail-served launch site at the Missile Test Center.
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parently effected by buried cable lines
connecting key facilities within the site,
and also connecting the site with the
associated rear and forward "L" patterns
of guidance and/or instrumentation. In
addition, a ditch, probably for a buried
power line, extends west from the site
to the nearby substation under construc-
tion. During the interim, power could be
provided by on-site generators. A detailed
description of facilities follows. Item
numbers correspond to those on Figure 5.
(1) Rail-served launch structure. For
purposes of description the launch struc-
ture has been arbitrarily divided into two
sections, an erector-launcher section and
a curved section. The configurational and
mensural analyses of these sections are
portrayed by Figures 6 and 7. Associated
with the curved section are two fan-
shaped blast areas which have a surface-
finish quite different from that of the
FIGURE 6. CONCEPT OF THE RAIL-SERVED LAUNCH
STRUCTURE AT LAUNCH SITE ID.
remaining pad area. These blast areas
strongly suggest the erector-launcher has
two primary firing positions, each near
the center of one of the blast areas. There-
fore, with regard to possible directions
of fire, it should be noted that a line
bisecting each of the two blast areas
results in eastward azimuths of 20 and
90 degrees.
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110?/290?
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ERECTOR-LAUNCHER
SECTION
BLAST AREA
900/2700
TOP VIEW
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POSSIBLE BLAST DEFLECTOR
7--L-
SIDE VIEW
ERECTOR-LAUNCHER SECTION
CURVED SECTION
FIGURE 7. TWO VIEWS OF THE RAIL-SERVED LAUNCH STRUCTURE AT LAUNCH SITE ID.
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400/2200
PROBABLE SERVICING CATWALK
PIC/JR-18/b0
0?7160?
BLAST AREA
200/2000
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(2) Rail-mounted tower crane. A mo-
bile tower crane is situated on a
gauge track east of the launch structure.
The track, 155 feet long, extends eastward
from a point 30 feet from the launch
structure and terminates on a fill 20 feet
east of the pad surface. A lack of detailed
shadow prevents precise measurement of
the crane components. However, the con-
figuration and approximate dimensions
closely resemble several Soviet construc-
tion cranes (see Figure 8), all of which
have a limited load-lifting capability of
3 metric tons (6,600 lbs). The crane
tower is approximately 100 feet high and
has a boom approximately 65 feet in
length. Based on these dimensions, which
FIGURE 8. SOVIET PHOTOGRAPH OF A TYPICAL TOWER
CRANE USED IN CONSTRUCTION WORK THROUGHOUT
THE SOVIET UNION. The tower crane at Site ID is similar
to this type crane.
are similar to those of known Soviet
cranes, this crane should be able to lift
a 3-ton load, at maximum elevation angle,
to a height of approximately 140 feet
above the pad surface.
(3) Two poles with top array, each
65 feet high.
(4) Probable zero-length rail launch-
er, 40 feet long I. The
launcher., added since 1957, pivots at its
western end and may swivel for loading
operations.
(5) Possible drainage sump with a
nearby earth covered tank in dia-
meter. A ditch connects the sump with
another ditch rimming the edge of the
two blast areas.
(6) Control bunker,
with an object positioned at each of three
corners and a possible entranceway po-
sitioned at the fourth corner.
(7) Earth-covered probable storage
bunker, 25 feet in diameter..
(8) Earth-covered probable water
storage tank, 45 feet in diameter.
(9) Building, one-story, flat-roofed,
This building was built
since 1957.
(10) Building, one-story, flat-roofed,
on the adjoining hardstand.
(11) Building, one-story, gable-roofed
(12) Building, one-story, gable-roofed
eet, and new since 1957. Two
small sheds are located nearby.
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Two vehicles are parked
(13) Catch basin,
(14) Bunker,
with an
entranceway
(15) Building under construction,
D
(16) Building, one-story, gable-roofed
and secured by a single
wire fence.
(17) Building, flat-roofed,
feet. There is a parapet around the south
section of the roof, and a couple of sheds
are located near this building.
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PIC/JR-18/60
FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS OF
LAUNCH SITE 1D
From an analysis of the complex
rail-served launch structure at Launch
Site 1D, a suggested method of operation
and some general aspects of the vehicle
configuration can be deduced.
1
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FIGURE 9. LAUNCH SITE 2D. The heavy construction of launch facilities, begun in 1957, was never completed. However, a small
launch facility was constructed, probably as an interim measure.
The vehicle itself is probably aerody-
namic, utilizing a liquid-propellant boost-
er. However, the dimensions and detailed
configuration of the vehicle and booster
cannot be determined from analysis of the
launch structure.
The booster and perhaps the vehicle
itself probably are transported to the
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launch structure by rail. The mating of
the vehicle to its booster could be per-
formed either at the Assembly and Check-
out Area or at the launch structure.
However, the tower crane near the launch
structure appears incapable of performing
this mating operation. The vehicle and its
booster are then attached to the erector-
launcher, the launcher pivots to the se-
lected firing position, and the vehicle is
erected, serviced, and launched.
The configuration of the launch struc-
ture indicates that at least part of the
vehicle is aerodynamic. The relationship
of the curved section to the bridge-like
erector-launcher suggests that the erec-
tor-launcher section pivots at its northeast
end, with the other end traveling along
the curved section to the selected firing
position. The presence of the two fan-
shaped probable blast areas indicates two
primary firing positions. The bisector of
one fan lies on an easterly azimuth of
90 degrees, the other on a northeasterly
azimuth of 20 degrees. This pivoting re-
quirement suggests that prior to launch,
the orientation of the vehicle cannot be
radically changed from the orientation of
the launching equipment. An aerodynamic
vehicle, which has protruding wings, could
prohibit a radical change in its orientation
from that of the launcher.
The initial flight of the vehicle is
probably accomplished by a liquid-pro-
pellant booster. The two fan-shapedprob-
able blast areas are lighter in tone than
the remaining surface of the service pad,
suggesting that they are composed of a
heat- or corrosion-resistant material. If
the booster were solid-propellant the pad
surface probably would not be subjected
to blast, heat, or corrosive effects suffi-
cient to warrant the preparation of a
specially treated blast area. The earth-
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covered water tank (Figure 5, Item 8) and
the drainage ditch rimming the south side
of the service pad suggest that a limited
flushing operation is required following,
and possibly also during, each firing. Such
a requirement probably would not exist
if the booster were solid-propellant. Fur-
thermore, no explosive storage or handling
facilities for solid boosters are evident
at the Vladimirovka rangehead, other than
at Site 3D.
Since the vehicle appears to utilize
a liquid-propellant booster, its angle of
launch is probably vertical or near-
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FIGURE 10. LAUNCH SITE 3D. This site has been constructed since the overage. The site is operative, and a current expan-
sion of support facilities is in progress.
vertical. The gradual curve at the base
of the outer concrete wall of the curved
section provides a certain blast-deflection
capability which also suggests a vertical
or near-vertical launch.
The precise function of the tower
crane cannot be determined. However, its
weight lifting limitation indicates that it
is probably incapable of either mating the
vehicle to its launcher or erecting the
vehicle. Both the height of the crane and
its placement on the service pad, coupled
with its low lift capability, suggest that
it is required only to lift a relatively
PIC/JR-18/60
lightweight object or objects from the
service pad to a point as high as
above the erector-launcher. If the crane
is used to service a vehicle erected to
fire on a 90-degree azimuth, its 65-foot
boom would be incapable of reaching the
vehicle or erector-launcher. However,
this limitation would not apply to a vehicle
erected to fire on a 20-degree azimuth.
LAUNCH SITE 2D
Launch Site 2D was under construc-
tion in However, heavy
construction of the original facilities ap-
pears to have been abandoned some time
later, and in place of them, several
smaller ones were constructed. A detailed
description of facilities follows. Item
numbers correspond to those on Figure 9.
(1) Y-shaped concrete pad,
with an object
positioned near the center of the pad. A
small possible gantry crane
is positioned nearby.
(2) Probable control bunker,
semiburied, and has a vehicle
access ramp leading to its sublevel. Sev-
eral unidentified objects are located near-
by.
(3) Circular object I u n diameter
positioned at the terminus of a long 15-foot
wide ditch.
(4) Tank, 70 feet in diameter, posi-
tioned within a large excavation.
(5) Building, flat-roofed,
(6) Building, gable-roofed,
feet, with a small shed located nearby
and connected with the building by a walk-
way.
(7) Concrete hardstand, 190 by 155
feet. A vehicle and a probable road-mobile
crane are parked on the hardstand.
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LAUNCH SITE 3D
Launch Site 3D, constructed since
1957, is situated between Sites 2D and
4D (Figure 4). It is secured by a double
wire fence 1,615 by 1,525 feet and is
served by a concrete road which passes
through Site 2D. Facilities at the site have
been arbitrarily grouped into three sec-
tions, a launch pad and control and support
sections (see Figure 10). Facilities at
both the launch pad and the control sec-
tions are complete and operative, while
some of the facilities at the support
sections are still under construction.
Launch Pad Section: The dominating
facility at this area is an elongated con-
crete pad 300 feet long and varying in
width from 70 to 80 feet. A linear prob-
able launch structure, is
positioned along the center major axis
of the pad. This structure is about
high at its western end and about 10 feet
high at its eastern end (see Figure 11).
At least five vehicles are parked around
the structure, and an elongated possible
blast scar is on the pad approximately
40 feet west of, and directly in line with,
the launch structure. Positioned on either
side of the pad are two masts,
feet high; a perpendicular bisector of a
line connecting the two coincides with the
center-major axis of the launch structure.
Situated within the loop-road area is
by 15-foot shed, and off the north side of
the loop road is another shed 10 feet
square positioned on a hardstand 15 feet
square. Near the latter shed are four
probable poles, each about
Positioned around the pad at different
points are four small objects,
Control Section: This area is com-
prised of two flat-roofed buildings, each
30 by 15 feet, and at least four vans,
possibly for communications, parked in
a line nearby. There are a few other
objects in the area, but their function
FIGURE 11. CONCEPT OF THE LAUNCH STRUCTURE AT LAUNCH SITE 3D.
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r --
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/7
~I
^ / 1
LAUNCH
.- TO VLADIMIROVKA
4:
DITCFHNG
TO SITE 3D
FIGURE 12. LAUNCH SITE 4D. Construction of this site began several months prior to the 1959 coverage, and is approximately 50
percent complete. The site will include the largest pad at the Missile Test Center.
has not been identified. Buried cable lines
extend from this area to the Launch Pad
and the Support Sections.
Support Section: Facilities completed
in this section include a revetted hard-
stand 100 by 60 feet with a
building straddling the revetment,
gable-roofed building,
two
sheds, and the other
Under construction is a
building and a drive-
through hangar-type assembly and/or
checkout building 150 by 125 feet. The
revetted hardstand suggests a need for an
explosives handling area, probably for
handling solid propellant boosters.
FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS OF
LAUNCH SITE 3D
The pad at Site 3D, being elongated
as opposed to a square, suggests the ve-
hicle under development is launched at
a low angle rather than vertically. In addi-
tion, the linear launch structure coupled
with the nearby elongated possible blast
scar also suggest a low angle mode of
launching. The revetted explosives han-
dling area suggests solid propellant boost-
ers which would be required for a low-
angle launch. This apparent low-angle
launch procedure is generally associated
with an aerodynamic or cruise-type mis-
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sue, and coupled with the hangar-type
configuration of the checkout building,
strongly indicates that an aerodynamic or
cruise-type missile is being developed
at Site 3D. This particular vehicle may
be quite different from the one under
development at Site 1D, for the vehicle
at Site 1D apparently requires a vertical
or near vertical boost-launch.
LAUNCH SITE 4D
Launch Site 4D, under construction at
the time of photography, is contiguous to
Site 3D. It will be secured by a double
wire fence 3,175 by 1,525 feet, and will
be served by a road by-passing the other
three sites. All facilities at the site are
a
REAR L PATTERN
.
?. ?l-.._
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under construction and include the largest
pad at the Missile Test Center, an adjoin-
ing excavation probably for a control
bunker, and several buildings. A detailed
description of facilities follows. Item
numbers correspond to those on Figure 1.2.
(1) Launch pad. The larger portion of
the pad will measure approximately 320
by 240 feet and the smaller portion about
240 by 85 feet. When completed this pad
should be the largest at the Center.
(2) Excavation,
This excava-
tion will probably be the site of a control
bunker.
(3) Conduit,
This conduit extends from the probable
control bunker excavation to the two
structures (Items 4 and 5) on the pad, and
a branch from the conduit connects with
a foot object near one of the
structures (Item 4).
(4) Probable structure, 75 by 90 feet
long and
(5) Building, and about
tion.
high at present stage of construc-
(6) Building under construction 40 by
25 feet.
(7) Building, 60 by 30 feet.
(8) Probable foundations for two struc-
tures. One measures
PIC/JR-18/60
GUIDANCE AND/OR
INSTRUMENTATION
The layout of guidance and/or instru-
mentation facilities at Complex "D" is
unlike that found at any other known Soviet
launch complex. These facilities include
a range control center, a radar facility,
a rear "L" pattern, a forward "L" pattern,
and a linear pattern which was added since
1957 (see Figure 13). In 1957, the Forward
"L" facilities were in varying stages of
construction, and therefore, the pattern as
a whole was capable of only partial opera-
tion. In contrast, the Range Control Cen-
ter, the Radar Facility, and the Rear "L"
in diameter.
nd the
(9) Three sheds, each 15 feet square.
(10) Building, 40 by 30 feet.
INSTRUMENTATION SITE
FIGURE 73. GUIDANCE AND/OR iNSTRUMENTATION FACILITIES AT LAUNCH COMPLEX "0."
5000000.0000
.????'
0-9
0-10
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..................:::::.............................:::~,.,.............
?
.
.
.
.. ?
.G
;?.,.
? ?.,
FORWARD L PATTERN
...,?
CABLE LINE
~~
..........
..........................
y
0 5 10
I I i
NAUTICAL MILES
0 5 10 20
I I I I
KILOMETERS
..?
RANGE CAMP
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TO LAUNCH AREA 2.6 NM
? CABLE LINES
.f
4.
TO LINEAR PATTERN
SITE D-II 0.9 NM
Pattern were complete and may have been
operational at that time. Since the latter
facilities were the only components of the
Probable Aerodynamic Missile Facilities
which may have been operative in
preliminary instrumented
operations may have been under way at
the Vladimirovka rangehead prior to com-
pletion of the over-all Probable Aerody-
namic Facilities.
Cable lines and roads connect the
Range Control Center with the Rear TTL'T
Pattern, the Linear Pattern, and possibly
the Radar Facility. The Rear "LT' Pattern
is connected by roads and cables with
Launch Site 1D, the Forward "L" Pattern,
and the Linear Pattern.
RANGE CONTROL CENTER
CONCRETE HARDSTAND
o:
ADv
i
0
CEN
LOGISTICAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE
AREA (SEE FIGURE 28)V
P PORT
DITCHING
TO VLADIMIROVKA 8.4 NM
500
FEET
1000
1
FIGURE 14. RANGE CONTROL CENTER AT LAUNCH COMPLEX "D." This facility is among the oldest of those associated with
the complex and includes Sites D-1 and 0-1.
The Range Control Center adjoins
the east side of the Logistical and Admin-
istrative Support Area(see Figure 14)and
includes a central control facility (Site
D-1), an unidentified radar, a concrete
hardstand with a contiguous building, and
a token radar (Site D-2). Cable lines inter-
connect most of the facilities, and a cable
extends from Site D-1 to Site D-11 of the
Linear Pattern. In addition, a cable line
extends from the western side of the
Support Area to Site D-4 of the Rear I'L"
Pattern. The Range Control Center is one
of the oldest facilities at Complex "DTI,
and together with the Rear "L" Pattern
was probably engaged in preliminary op-
erations at Complex "D" prior to the
1957 coverage. A detailed description of
facilities, as portrayed on Figure 14,
follows.
Central Control Facility (Site D-1):
This facility consists primarily of three
buildings situated within a fenced enclo-
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TRAL CONTROL FACILITY (SITE 0-I)
EARTH MOUNDS
PICIJR-18/60
sure 260 by 225 feet. The largest of these
buildings measures 145 by 50 feet, has
two stories, and is gable-roofed. The
second building in size has a raised center
section 25 feet high and measures 85 by
25 feet. The third building was added
since
Outside the fenced enclosure are two
other buildings. The one by the entrance
road is probably the security building.
Unidentified Radar: This facility con-
tains five vans and an unidentified radar.
The five vans, which are positioned in a
line, are connected by cable with the radar.
Concrete Hardstand: This hardstand
measures 170 by 30 feet, and the contiguous
building is flat-roofed, measuring
D
Token Radar (Site D-2): The Token
LLML
C TR Or:1 --
H1CLE5
-. .....?9i ..~
E 11,E
POSSIBLE
OPERATIONS
BUILDING
n
TOKEN PflAH
FEET
5010
u
~I
11
11
11
11
11
I1 TO RANGE
CONTROL
yl CENTER
11 1.3 NM
11
FIGURE 5. RADAR FACILITY (SITE 0-3). This facility
was present in 1957. However, several items hove been added
since the 1957 coverage.
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u ;
(o)
u
(?S)
Icj, 1 (,) li , .--,
~~~ \ (? a ,/
.
. \ II .i :1
= =
II
i
II
II
II
II
`~ II
Ii
\,\ II
\\ II
II
ii
II
II ? ,,
II T'"--= ~
II ~~
li
`I' -------- __
11 If
~t+
II I' A
TO RANGE
??..~_ CONTROL
ENTER
f
'TO LAUNCH SITE 1 D 5.7 NM AND
FORWARD 'L' PATTERN 26.5 NM-i
\\
\\
`'L \. *' \t \ \
If' ====== \ \
111 ~ \\\
u k. . \
1+
0 500
1000
I I I I
FEET
`
~
.
\
,'\\\
FIGURE 16. SITE D-4. This site is probably the local control center for the Rear "L' Pattern.
radar with its seven supporting vehicles
is situated 2,350 feet northeast of the
Central Control Facility. In addition to
the Token radar, there are two probable
tracking radars positioned nearby, which
are connected by cable with the Token.
RADAR FACILITY
The Radar Facility (Site D-3), situated
1.3 miles northwest of the Range Control
Center, is enclosed by a single wire fence
1,725 by 535 feet, and is served by an
all-weather road. The facility contains a
Token radar with two associated probable
tracking radars, another group of radar
and/or telemetry antennas, several build-
ings, and numerous electronic vehicles
parked in line. A detailed description of
facilities follows. Item numbers corres-
pond with those on Figure 15.
(1) Approximately 21 electronic ve-
hicles parked in line, with about 9 probable
mobile generators situated nearby.
(2) Two buildings, each flat-roofed
and measuring 45 by 30 feet.
(3) Four electronic vehicles and a
shed The four vehicles may
be radar and/or telemetry antennas.
(4) Possible operations building, two-
story, gable-roofed, A
cable line connects the building with the
four possible radar and/or telemetry
antennas and a nearby building.
(5) Two buildings, each flat-roofed,
and measuring 45 by 30 feet.
(6) Token radar with seven associated
vehicles and an earth-mounded structure.
A cable line connects the Token with two
probable tracking radars situated to the
east. Another cable line extends north,
and may connect with the possible opera-
tions building.
TO SITE. 0-5 3.2 NM
\'
r
11
' TO SITE D-5 3.2 NM-
C..ABLE LINE
== = =====_ _ _=
i
t
f
REAR "L" PATTERN
The rear instrumentation, located 6.7
miles west of the Launch Area, consists
primarily of a distinctive "L" pattern
formed by Sites D-4, D-5, and D-6 (see
Figure 13). Cable lines and roads inter-
connect these sites, and it appears that
the largest, Site D-4, is the local control
center. Also included in this discussion
are several aerial targets (not shown on
graphic) which are located in the vicinity
of the "L" pattern.
The legs of the pattern measure 3.2
miles (6 km) in length and intersect at a
90-degree angle. The north/south leg lies
along a northerly azimuth of
and the east/west leg lies along an easterly
Each site contains
an instrumentation building surmounted
by a 20-foot-square observation-type plat-
form with a protective parapet. Each plat-
form rises 20 feet above ground level and
is positioned on its respective building so
that it faces one of the other two. In addi-
tion, two smaller buildings are associated
with each of these buildings.
Of the several aerial targets in this
area, three lie along the perpendicular
bisector of the north/south leg. In 1957,
PIC/JR-18/60
a possible cable line connected two of
these targets with the north/south leg,
forming a cruciform configuration with
each of the four legs measuring 1.6 miles
(3 km) long. It is possible that these tar-
gets could have been used as visual mark-
ers for aircraft performing initial instru-
mentation checkout flights. These targets
have greatly deteriorated since 1957 and
in 1959 appear to be in a state of disuse.
Site D-4: This site, located at the
vertex of the 'IL", is the largest of the
three sites and probably functions as the
local control center. It consists of a
fenced area, 1,000 by 660 feet, containing
an instrumentation building, a large prob-
able headquarters building, and several
smaller structures (see Figures 16 and
17). In 1957, there was a group of five
vehicles in the northwest cornei which
may have constituted a mobile communi-
cations site similar to those identified
elsewhere at the Center. However, these
vehicles have been removed from the site
since 1957. A description of facilities in
the site follows. Item numbers correspond
with those on Figure 16.
(1) Instrumentation building, two-
story, 50 by 40 feet, with a 20-foot-square
observation-type platform rising 20 feet
FIGURE 17. CONCEPT OF SITE D-4.
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 TOP SECRET
above the ground. Cable lines lead from
this building to similar buildings in Sites
D-5 and D-6 and also to the Range Control
Center, the Launch Site 1D, and the Launch
"L" Pattern.
(2) Probable headquarters building,
gable-roofed, 140 by 40 feet
high. An earth scar, possibly a ditch, ex-
tends 350 feet northward, terminating at
a large irregularly-shaped pit.
(3) Building,
(4) Building,
(5) Building, gable-roofed,
feet and 15 feet high.
(6) Solid tower-like structure, I
in diameter and 25 feet high.
(7) Building, gable-roofed,
feet and 15 feet high.
(8) Building,
and 15
feet high, with a small shed-like structure
near the south side.
(9) Two structures, approximately
35 by 25 feet and 25 by 20 feet. Possible
cable trenches connect the structures with
two possible electronic sites added since
1957. Just north are three vans which may
constitute a third electronic site.
FIRE /BREAK
ll ~/
~/ \ r
n / \m /
11 / CABLE LINE :1
II
I J
/
!! ////////i ?:.II
tI j II
'I
TO SITE D-4 3.2 NM ; II
11 II
~l
p , II
p . II
11
FEET
500
J
FIGURE 18. SITE 0-5. This site is positioned at the north-
ern end of the north/south leg of the Rear "L" Pattern.
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(10) Security building,
(11) Building, flat-roofed,
Site D-5: This site, located at the
northern end of the north/south leg, in-
cludes an instrumentation building and
several smaller structures (see Figure
18). A description of these facilities fol-
lows. Item numbers correspond with those
on Figure 18.
(1) Instrumentation building, 45 by
35 feet and 10 feet high, with a raised
center section 20 feet square and 20 feet
high. This center section has a flat ob-
servation-type platform with a protective
parapet.
(2) Building, one-story, 25 by 20feet.
(3) Building, one-story, 20 feet square.
(4) Possible building under construc-
tion.
///////////4.
/
?~~ / i ~r N
3.2 NM Tell r%~~~
-_
To .(NEAR
- PATTERN "CABLE LINE \\ 11 -~_
~?y~~~~ - ~\\
` TO LAUNCH SITE 1-0
V\ 1
TO SITE D-4 `,\ AND FORWARD
3.2 NM "L" PATTERN
-?.-t~ ~,~ ~` 23.4 NM
\ -
a
I I .\
FEET
FIGURE 19. SITE D-6. This site is positioned at the eastern
end of the east/west leg of the Rear "L" Pattern.
Site D-6: This site, located at the
eastern end of the east/west leg, consists
of an instrumentation building identical
to the one in Site D-5 and several smaller
structures. A cable line from this site
connects the Rear "L" Pattern with the
Linear Pattern. A detailed description of
facilities follows. Item numbers corres-
pond with those on Figure 19.
(1) Instrumentation building, 45 by 35
feet and 10 feet high, with a raised center
section 20 feet square and 20 feet high.
This center section also has a flat obser-
vation-type platform with a protective
parapet. Two unidentified objects are po-
sitioned on this platform.
(2) Building, one-story, 25 by 20feet.
(3) Building, one-story, 30 by 20 feet.
(4) Building,
(5) Clearing, 30 feet across, with a
possible instrument positioned near the
center.
(6) Unidentified structure, 30 by 20
feet.
FORWARD 11L" PATTERN
The Forward 11L" Pattern is located
19.9 miles (36.9 km) east of the Launch
Area (see Figure 13). The pattern includes
three major sites (D-7, D-8, and D-9), a
fourth smaller site (D-10), and a perma-
nent range camp. Roads and cable lines
interconnect these sites, and the over-all
forward pattern is connected by roads
and cable with both the Launch Area and
the Rear 11L" Pattern.
The north/south leg of this pattern
measures 12.0 miles (22.2 km) in length
and lies along a northerly azimuth
degrees. The east/west leg measures
16.2 miles (30.0 km) long and lies along
an easterly Ex-
cluding the easternmost site (D-10), the
length of the east/west leg measures 10.7
miles (19.9 km). A perpendicular bisector
of the north/south leg, when extended to
the Launch Area, intersects the launch
structure at Launch Site 1D. This bisector
which lies along an easterly azimuth of
coincides with the alignment
of the center points of domes and plat-
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PIC/ iR-18/60
forms positioned within each of the three
major sites. A detailed description of the
four sites and the range camp follows.
Due to the obliquity and small scale of
the 1959 coverage, the description of
facilities is based mainly on the 1957
coverage.
II -,
11
II
FIREBREAK
TO SITE 0-8 I~ G
12 NM II
CA
II.
u
FEET
500
J
FIGURE 20. SITE D-7. This site is positioned at the northern
end of the north/south leg of the Forward "L" Pattern.
Site D-7: This site is positioned at
the northern end of the north/south leg
(see Figure 13) and is secured by a wire
fence 625 by 500 feet. Facilities include
three identical radar and/or telemetry
antenna buildings, an associated building
with an observation platform, and other
supporting structures (see Figures 20 and
21). A detailed description of facilities
follows. Item numbers correspond to those
on Figure 20.
(1) Three radar and/or telemetry
buildings, each one-story, 40 by 20 feet.
In 1957 the westernmost building had a
20-foot-diameter dome positioned on the
southern end of the roof. The top of this
dome is 30 feet above the ground level.
Each of the other two buildings had a
possible radar or telemetry antenna
uncovered at the
same relative position on the buildings.
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TOP SECRET
FIGURE 21. CONCEPT OF SITE 0-7. Facilities at Sites 0-8
and 0-9 are almost identical to those at Site D-7.
The center of the dome and the centers
of the two possible antennas are colinear
along
(2) Instrumentation
building, flat-
roofed, 50 by 40 feet and 30 feet high. An
observation platform, 20 feet square, is
positioned on the northeast corner of the
roof. The center of this platform is co-
linear with the center of the dome and the
centers of the two possible antennas.
(3) Building, one-story, gable-roofed,
40 by 20 feet.
(4) Building, one-story, gable-roofed,
90 by 30 feet.
(5) Building, one-story, flat-roofed,
40 by 35 feet.
(6) Building, one-story, flat-roofed,
25 feet square.
(7) Semiburied structure, light-col-
ored, about 30 feet across, and with the
roof rising approximately 15 feet above
ground level.
Site D-8: This site, which is nearly
a mirror image of Site D-9, is positioned
at the vertex of the 1'L" configuration.
This site also includes the three identical
radar and/or telemetry antenna buildings
as well as the associated building with the
observation platform. In addition, there
are four supporting buildings and several
small objects. A detailed description of
facilities follows. Item numbers corres-
pond with those on Figure 22.
(1) Three radar and/or telemetry
buildings, each one-story, 40 by 20 feet.
Each of the buildings has a dome 20 feet
in diameter positioned on the northern
end of the roof. The centers of these
domes are also colinear along an easterly
(2) Instrumentation building, flat-
roofed, 50 by 40 feet and 30 feet high. An
observation platform 20 feet square is
positioned on the southwest corner of the
roof. The center of this platform is also
colinear with the
alignment of the three domes.
(3) Building, one-story, gable-roofed,
40 by 20 feet.
(4) Building, one-story, gable-roofed,
90 by 30 feet.
(5) Building, one-story, flat-roofed,
50 by 30 feet.
(6) Building, one-story, flat-roofed,
25 feet square.
I I TO SITE 0.7 12 NM
I I
II ,
azimuthal
- --
11
CABLE LINE
0
FEET
FIGURE 22. SITE D-8. This site is positioned at the vertex
of the Forward "L" Pattern.
Site D-9: This site is positioned along
the east/west leg at a point 10.7 miles
(19.9 km) east of Site D-8 (see Figure 13).
This site was still under construction in
1957, and from the 1959 photography, it
appears that the site is now complete.
Facilities include only two radar and/or
telemetry buildings, the single building
with the observation platform, and several
supporting structures. Adetailed descrip-
tion of facilities follows. Item numbers
correspond with those on Figure 23.
I
TO SITE 0-8 I - I TO SITE 0-10
? ............... ~ I CABLE LINE
----===- ..............
-==========
TO RANGE
CAMP
f~.
FEET
500
~J
FIGURE 23. SITE D-9. This site is positioned along the
east/west leg of the Forward "L" Pattern.
(1) Two radar and/or telemetry build-
ings, 40 by 20 feet, with a 20-foot-diame-
ter dome positioned on the northern end
of each building. These buildings are
positioned in precisely the same manner
as their counterparts in Sites D-7 and
D-8, along an easterly azimuth
degrees.
(2) Instrumentation building, flat-
roofed 50 by 40 feet and 30 feet high. An
observation platform 20 feet square is
positioned on the southwest corner of the
roof. The center of this platform and cen-
ters of the two domes are colinear.
(3) Building, one-story, gable-roofed,
40 by 20 feet.
(4) Building, one-story, gable-roofed,
90 by 30 feet.
(5) Building, one-story, flat-roofed,
50 by 30 feet.
(6) Building, one-story, flat-roofed,
25 feet square.
(7) Building, two-story, gable-roofed,
75 by 25 feet.
Site D-10: This site, which is much
smaller than the other three, is positioned
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0 500
I I
1
at the eastern extremity of the east/west
leg, 5.5 miles (10.1 km) east of Site D-9
(see Figure 13). It is secured by a wire
fence 470 by 330 feet and contains one
instrumentation building and two support-
type buildings. A detailed description of
facilities follows. Item numbers corres-
pond with those on Figure 24.
(1) Instrumentation building, one-
story, flat-roofed, 50 by 30 feet, with a
30-foot-high center section supporting an
observation platform 30 by 20 feet.
(2) Building, one-story, gable-roofed,
40 by 30 feet.
(3) Building, one-story, 30 by 20feet.
- TO SITE 0-9 5.5 NM
CABLE LINE
PIC/JR-18/60
o 500
FEET
FIGURE 24. SITE 0-I0. This site is positioned at the eastern
extremity of the east/west leg of the Forward "L" Pattern.
Range Camp: The range camp is lo-
cated 2 miles (3.7 km) south of the east/
west leg and along the north shore of
Lake Turgay (see Figure 13). It consists
of 11 to 12 barracks-type buildings, 10
other support-type buildings, and 3 prob-
able instrumentation buildings (see Figure
25). The barracks-type buildings provide
permanent quarters for at least 185 per-
sons and the other support buildings could
provide miscellaneous first-echelon sup-
port. A cable line extends from the Rear
"L" Pattern to the Range Camp and possi-
bly continues on to Site D-9 (see Figure
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13). A detailed description of facilities
follows. Item numbers correspond with
those on Figure 25.
(1) Building, one-story, gable-roofed,
40 by 20 feet.
(2) Probable barracks, one-story,
gable-roofed, 70 by 20 feet and capable
of housing about 10 persons.
(3 through 13) Eleven barracks, each
two-story, gable-roofed, 40 by 30 feet.
They are capable of housing about 175
persons.
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PIC/JR-18/60
(14) Building, one-story, gable-roofed
50 by 20 feet.
(15 and 16) Two buildingst each two-
story, gable-roofed, 150 by 40 feet.
(17) Building, two-story, gable-roofed
55 by 35 feet.
(18) Building, 60 by 20 feet.
(19 and 20) Two buildings, each 55 by
30 feet.
(21) Building, 115 by 35 feet.
(22) Building, 55 by 30 feet.
(23 through 25) Three probable instru-
FIGURE 25. RANGE CAMP ASSOCIATED WiTH THE FORWARD "L" PATTERN.
-22-
1000
1_.J
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mentation buildings, each one-story, flat-
roofed, 25 feet square, with a dome posi-
tioned on top.
LINEAR PATTERN
The Linear Pattern of tracking facil-
ities has been added since 1957. This
pattern is located about 4,920 feet (1.5 km)
west of the Launch Area (see Figure 13),
and consists of two sites (Sites D-11 and
TO SITE 0-9 0.4 NM
\ /, ! I TO SITE 0.12 4.2 NM
I
~
" n
`;, 4
,I /,
1 `dl
I/
I ,III
/, n
/, p
!il III
II 11
TO REAR rLr /I 1I
11
PATTERN CAI
SITE 0-e S NM /, y1 11
/~ ~1 4l ?CABLE LINE
????: //
II
?
'.,
II
?
4
/'
% 8
??. 'I
??~ -
/i ~?.~
I'
, I-
Q
fI
I,
I!
II
II
II
II
II
II
3 2 szs;
4
i -1
z40-J, /
? FIREBREAK
i
-RANGE CONTROL CENTER
i
i
SITE
500
J
II
FEET
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II
FIGURE 16. SITE D-11. This is the southern site of the
II
Linear Pattern of instrumentation, and was constructed subse-
II
25 , II
quent to the 1951 coverage. It is probably associated with
operations at Launch Site 3D.
ll
I I
II
I
D-12) which are separated by 4.2 miles
I
II
Ii
24 ? j j
(7.8 km). Cable and roads interconnect
the sites, and cables extend from Site
II
D-11 to both the Range Control Center
I j
11
and the Rear "LT' Pattern. The two sites
? 23
19~\/.-
lie along a northerly azimuth of zero
11~ ?
degrees, and it should be noted that a
20 22
perpendicular bisector of the intercon-
21
118
necting line passes through the launch
structure at Launch Site 3D. However,
there is no apparent cable tie-in between
this launch site and the Linear Pattern.
A description of the two sites follows.
Site D-11: This site is located at the
southern end of the pattern. A detailed
description of facilities follows. Item
numbers correspond with those on Figure
26.
(1) Building, shed-roofed, 10 feet
square.
(2) Instrumentation building, flat-
roofed, with a protective
parapet around the roof. Two objects are
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positioned on the roof. One of the objects,
a possible optical tracking instrument,
measures approximately
(3) Structure,
(4) Building, 1 feet square.
(5) Two objects,
Building, flat-roofed, 25 feet
(6) square.
(7) Unidentified structure,
feet.
(8) Shed, 15 by 10 feet.
Site D-12: This site is located at the
northern end of the Linear Pattern. A
detailed description of facilities follows.
Item numbers correspond with those on
Figure 27.
TO SITE 0.11
4.2 NM
500
FEET
FIGURE 27. SITE 0-12. This is the northern site of the
Linear Pattern of instrumentation.
(1) Two unidentified objects,
(2) Building, flat-roofed, 10 feet
square.
(3)
roofed,
Instrumentation
building, flat-
with a protective
parapet around the roof. There are two
objects positioned on the roof.
(4) Building, flat-roofed, 25 feet
square.
(5) Unidentified structure, 45 by 15
feet.
(6) Building,
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LOGISTICAL
AND ADMINISTRATIVE
SUPPORT AREA
The Support Area, situated along the
road and branch rail line from Viadimi-
rovka, is located 2.6 miles from the
Launch Area (see Figure 3) and is essen-
tially unchanged from its status in 1957.
Analysis of the 1957 coverage indicated
the area to be one of the oldest in the
Probable Aerodynamic Missile Facilities
and, together with the Range Control Cen-
ter and the Rear "L" Instrumentation
Pattern, was probably engaged in the
earliest activities of the Vladimirovka
rangehead area.
The Support Area has been artibrarily
divided into three sections (see Figure 28).
Sections North and South are contiguous
and secured, whereas Section West is a
short distance from the others and un-
secured. The two secured sections contain
housing and support facilities capable of
billeting approximately 425 persons. In
addition, two possible instrumentation
buildings are situated in Section North.
Section West consists generally of several
buildings, an unoccupied tent-base area,
and a waste disposal facility. Outside the
three sections, facilities along the branch
rail include a 2,445-foot siding with an
off-loading hardstand and turning wye.
The wye has a turning radius of 725 feet
and the stem of the wye Measures 190 feet
in length. A small gable-roofed building
D
is situated opposite the
turning wye.
A possible water line parallels the
west side of the branch rail line, and a
possible water pumping station is situated
just north of the turning wye. A buried
cable line extends from Section West to
Instrumentation Site D-4 in the Rear "Lt'
Pattern. In addition, there is a ground
scar, added since 1957, which parallels
the road to the Launch Area.
SECTION NORTH
Section North is secured by a wire
fence 835 by 395 feet and its service road
continues through the section to the Range
Control Center, suggesting that operations
at these two may be related. Facilities in-
clude two possible instrumentation build-
ings, two barracks-type buildings, several
other structures, and a motor pool. A
description of these facilities follows.
Item numbers correspond to those on
Figure 28.
(1) Motor Pool, 175 by 125 feet, con-
taining about 17 parked vehicles and two
flat-roofed buildings; one measuring 45 by
and the other 35 by 15 feet.
(2) Two structures, each gable-
roofed. One measures square with
and the other mea-
sures ith an extended en-
trance on the south side.
(3) Building, gable-roofed,
feet.
(4) Possible instrumentation build-
ing, 55 by 40 feet, with a contiguous raised
section on the northeast corner measuring
he roof
of this raised section is enclosed by a
parapet and may be used as an observation
point or instrumentation platform. A small
object is positioned at the center of the
platform.
(5) Possible instrumentation build-
ing, 15 feet square and 25 feethigh.
(6) Thermal plant, 90 by 30 feet with
a stack 90 feet high.
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PIC/JR-18/60
(7) Bunker, 25 by 15 feet.
(8) Possible building foundation, 135
by 50 feet.
(9) Building, gable-roofed,
feet.
(10) Barracks-type building, two-
story, hip-roofed, 145 by 60 feet, with
three vents and a dormer on the roof.
This structure is capable of housing 120
persons.
(11) Barracks-type building, one-
story, hip-roofed, 105 by 55 feet. This
structure is capable of housing 40 persons.
(12) Possible security building, gable-
roofed, 35 by 20 feet.
SECTION SOUTH
Section South encompasses an area
680 by 325 feet and is secured on three
sides by a solid fence, and on the north
side by a wire fence shared with Section
North. Facilities include several buildings
and a water standpipe. A detailed descrip-
tion of facilities in Section South follows.
Item numbers correspond to those on Fig-
ure 28.
(13) Water standpipe, in dia-
meter and high; estimated capacity
210,000 U.S. gallons.
(14) Two structures, each gable-
roofed, earth-mounded at
the base, and with an extended entrance
on the road side. These two are similar
to one of the structures (Item 2) in Sec-
tion North. A possible lightning arrestor
is situated near one of the structures.
(15) Building, two-story, hip-roofed,
This building may be an
administrative or barracks building capa-
ble of housing 80 persons. There is an
earth scar, added since 1957, which ex-
tends to the Range Control Center.
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SECTION
NORTH
FIGURE 28. LOGISTICAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE SUPPORT AREA. This area is one of the oldest at Complex `D', and is adjacent
to the Range Control Center.
(16) Building, three-story, flat-roofed
160 by 40 feet with two vents on the roof.
This building has been constructed since
1957, and is capable of housing 125 per-
sons.
(17) Building, one-story, 110 by 55
feet, with six vents and a possible chim-
ney on the roof. This building is gable-
roofed with a hipped east end, and capable
of housing 40 persons.
(18) Building, gable-roofed,
feet.
(19) Shed, flat-roofed, 15 by 10 feet.
SECTION WEST
Section West is unsecured and in-
cludes six buildings of which two are
under construction, a lattice tower, an
abandoned tent base area, and a waste
disposal facility. The lattice tower, which
may be fenced, is 20 feet square at its
base and measures The
waste disposal facility measures 500 by
320 feet and contains eight sediment ponds.
A detailed description of the six buildings
follows. Item numbers correspond to those
on Figure 28.
(20) Building, one-story, gable-roofed
This building has been con-
structed since 1957.
(21) Building, one-story, gable-roofed
This building has been con-
structed since 1957.
(22) Building, one-story, gable-roofed
130 by 20 feet.
(23) Building, one-story, gable-roofed
110 An earth scar connects
the building with the concrete road, and
two ditches connect with two excavations
that have been added since 1957.
(24) Building foundation, 140 by 55
feet.
(25) Building foundation,
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GROUND SCAR
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ASSEMBLY
AND CHECKOUT AREA
The Assembly and Checkout Area,
probably completed during the spring or
summer of 1958, is situated along the rail
and road serving Complex "D", at a point
7.9 miles from the Launch Area and 3.7
miles from the Missile Fabrication Com-
plex (see Figure 3). The area probably
serves as the assembly and checkout point
for the liquid propellant booster associated
with the vehicle flight tested at Launch
Site 1D. A portion of the area is secured
by a double wire fence, 2,350 by 720 feet,
which encloses a large rail and road
drive-through building, a transloading fa-
cility, a security building, and several
other miscellaneous structures (see Fig-
ure 29). A buried possible water line and
a buried steam line serve this fenced
portion. The remaining facilities are sit-
uated outside the fenced area and include
a thermal plant, two earth-mounded stor-
age tanks, and three excavations. A de-
tailed description of these facilities fol-
lows. Item numbers correspond to those
on Figure 29.
(1) Rail and road drive-through as-
sembly and checkout building, 210 by 125
feet, with a raised clerestory section
175 by 65 feet. The building is served by
both a buried steam line and a buried
possible water line. Two poles,
high, are situated at either end of the
building. The inset on Figure 29 provides
a mensural analysis of the interior work-
ing areas as determined from the 1957
coverage.
(2) Transloading facility. This facil-
ity parallels the servicing rail spur at its
terminal end, and consists of a raised
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concrete platform
feet having
a concrete access ramp at its eastern end.
(3) Building, with a
chimney-like structure high near
one end.
(4) Earth-mounded object
feet.
(5) Earth-mounded object, about 20
by 15 feet.
(6) Security building,
with a wing
(7) Building, 30 by 20 feet.
(8) Unidentified structure, 55 by 15
I PIPE LINES
-TO LAUNCH AREA 7.9 NM
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feet, with three protrusions;
square, another
() ix guar towers,
square and 20 feet high.
and the
(10) Concrete hardstand, 175 by 50
feet. This appears to be the unloading
point for coal to be used at the thermal
plant (Item 11).
(11) Thermal plant, 55 by 30 feet,
with a raised center section
and a stack 95 feet high.
(12) Three excavations,
125
60
2 650'
-L_^-.-^-?S1-?t^~Fat. T
-TO VLADIMiROVNA 9.7 NM WATER LINE ~
2.350
o 500 1000
I I ?
FEET
/ DRAINAGE
square, situated in an area 135 by 90 feet
delineated by a surrounding ditch.
(13) Two earth-mounded tanks, one
D
in diameter and the other 15 feet
in diameter. They are positioned in a
fenced area 140 by 65 feet, and are served
by two buried pipelines.
These facilities at the Complex "D"
Assembly and Checkout Area are nearly
identical to some of those constituting
Missile Checkout and Assembly Facility
No. 2 at Tyura Tam (see Figure 30). Each
installation features an identical rail and
135
90
FIGURE 29. ASSEMBLY AND CHECKOUT AREA. The inset provides a mensural analysis of the assembly/checkout building floor plan as determined from the 1957 coverage.
PIC/JR-18/60
MISSILE CHECKOUT MMD ASSEMBLY FACILITY NO. 2, TYURA TAM
1000
IOW
FEET
2000
PARISON OF THE ASSEMBLY AND CHECKOUT
AREA AT COMPLEX 'D' WITH MISSILE CHECKOUT AND ASSEM-
BLY FACILITY No 2. AT TYURA TAM,
road drive-through building, a steam plant,
water lines, and drainage facilities. The
rail and road pattern at each, except for
a few variations, is strikingly similar.
These major similarities suggest that
each installation may be handling the same
basic vehicle or components thereof.
Facility No. 2 at Tyura Tam is prob-
ably handling large liquid propellant mis-
siles and their components, possibly to
include explosive components as evidenced
by its explosives storage and handling
area. The Complex I'D" installation does
not require either the explosives storage
and handling area or the other component
storage facilities found at the Tyura Tam
facility. Therefore, the Complex "D" area
may be handling only that portion of the
vehicle which would be used as the liquid
propellant booster for the vehicle flight-
tested at Launch Site 1D.
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MISSILE FABRICATION COMPLEX
The Missile Fabrication Complex is
located adjacent to the Vladimirovka Sup-
port Base (see Figure 3). Facilities com-
prising this complex have been grouped
into a laboratory and administrative area,
a fabrication area, and a support area,
(see Figure 31). In 1957 the complex was
in final stages of construction, and in
1959 those facilities are complete and
operative and a current expansion program
is under way. The complex is connected
with Launch Complex "D" by both rail
and an all-weather road, and a 70-foot-
wide taxiway connects it with the Class I
Vladimirovka Airfield.
It appears that the complex may be
utilized for fabricating the prototype aero-
dynamic vehicle and/or vehicles which
are flight tested at Launch Complex "D".
Large-scale production would probably
require additional facilities. However,
there is ample room for future expansion.
LABORATORY AND
ADMINISTRATIVE AREA
The Laboratory and Administrative
Area is dispersed over the southwestern
portion of the complex. It includes a prob-
able laboratory, a water pump house, an
administrative-engineering building, and
several other buildings under construc-
tion. A detailed description of these facil-
ities follows. Item numbers correspond
to those on Figure 31.
(1) Probable laboratory building, two-
story, hip-roofed, 240 by 50 feet, with a
tower 40 feet high on one end of the roof.
(2) Water pump house,
(3) Building under construction, 110
by 55 feet.
(4) Building under construction, 100
by 55 feet.
(5) Two structures under construc-
tion. One is circular, measuring 30 feet
in diameter, and the other measures 30
(6) Administrative/engineeringbuild-
ing, U-shaped, with a complex main sec-
tion 200 by 40 feet and two wings, each
(7) Building, flat-roofed,
square.
(8) Building under construction, 145
by 50 feet.
FABRICATION AREA
The Fabrication Area is located in
the central portion of the complex. It
includes two rail-served machine shops,
two large fabrication buildings of which
one is under construction, and several
other structures. A detailed description
of these facilities follows. Item numbers
correspond to those on Figure 31.
(9) Building, 45 by 30 feet.
(10) Machine shop, monitor-roofed,
115 by 75 feet.
(11) Building, flat-roofed, 95 by 30
feet.
(12) Fabrication building, saw-tooth-
roofed, 385 by 195 feet and 75 feet high.
A one-story workshop 20 feet wide runs
the length of each side of the building.
Two door-storage compartments are at
each end of the building, and two rail
spurs, 55 feet apart, pass through the
building.
PIC/JR-18/60
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FIGURE 31. MISSILE FABRICATION COMPLEX AT VLADIMIROVKA. This complex may be associated with fabrication of the
prototype vehicle and/or vehicles which are flight tested at Launch Complex "D."
TO VLADIMIROVKA
FABRICATION AREA
ft TO
VLADIMIROVKA
AND
COMPLEX 'D'
TO VLADIMIROVKA A/F
I VO
SUPPORT AREAI1
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(13) Fabrication building under con-
struction. The main section of this build-
ing measures 415 by 255 feet and will
apparently be served only by road. The
other section measures 385 by 80 feet
and will be served by rail.
(14) Paved probable open storage
area 450 by 240 feet.
(15) Machine shop, monitor-roofed,
215 by 80 feet.
SUPPORT AREA
The Support Area is located in the
northeastern portion of the complex. Fa-
cilities include a steam plant, water stor-
age, a motor pool, closed storage build-
ings, and transloading facilities. Adetailed
description of facilities follows. Item
numbers correspond to those on Figure 31.
(16) Building under construction, 100
by 70 feet.
(17) Steam plant, 95 by 80 feet with a
stack 75 feet high. Nearby is a shed
I It and an earth-covered structure
(18) Water storage consisting of a
standpipe nd 75 feet
high and two earth-covered tanks about
55 feet in diameter.
(19) Transloading platform, 220 by
30 feet.
(20) Building begun in 1957 yet still
incomplete, 150 by 75 feet.
(21) Building, 85 by 40 feet.
(22) Warehouse, monitor-roofed, 155
by 120 feet. An overhead traveling crane
straddles the rail siding servicing the
warehouse.
(23) Motor pool, consisting of amain-
tenance building, 100 by 55 feet with a
raised section 70 by 20 feet at one end,
and a hardstand area 190 by 170 feet.
About 20 vehicles are parked on the hard-
stand of which two appear to be conven-
tional propellant transporters and two,
whose function has not been determined,
are of an unusual configuration.
(24) Fuel storage and off-loading point
consisting of a gable-roofed building
FIC/JR-18/60
and 11 cylindrical horizontal 25X1
storage tanks ranging from 25X1
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(25) Storage building, 130 by 50 feet
with a wing
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(26) Storage building
,
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with a wing 15 feet square.
(27) Storage building, 70 by 50 feet
with a wing
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(28) Building, 70 by 35 feet. A tower-
like structure 15 feet square and 30 feet
high is located nearby, and numerous
small objects have been positioned on
either side and to the rear of the building.
CONCLUSIONS
Launch Complex "D" and the Missile Fabrication Complex constitute the
facilities for an extensive Soviet research program which is probably developing
surface-launched, large aerodynamic missiles.
The probable aerodynamic missile research program was initiated prior to
1957. However, actual firings probably did not commence until sometime in 1958.
Launch Site 1D, apparently the initial launch facility to become operative, is
probably associated with a liquid-propellant-boosted, large aerodynamic missile.
Probably in late 1957, initial construction plans at Launch Site 2D were aban-
doned, and instead, a smaller launch facility was constructed.
Launch Site 3D, constructed sometime between
is probably associated with a solid-propellant-boosted, large aerodynamic missile.
Construction at Launch Site 4D is about 50 percent complete and should be
completed in mid to late 1960.
The Rear "L" and Forward "L" Patterns appear primarily associated with
operations at Launch Site 1D.
The Linear Pattern appears primarily associated with Launch Site 3D.
The Assembly and Checkout Area probably handles the liquid propellant booster
employed at Launch Site 1D.
The Missile Fabrication Complex probably fabricates the prototype aerodynamic
vehicle and/or vehicles flight tested at the Launch Area.
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TABLE OF GEOGRAPHIC COORDINATES FOR MAJOR
AREAS IN THE PROBABLE AERODYNAMIC MISSILE FACILITIES
Area
Geo. Coordinates
Launch Site 11) (Zone 10, Launch Area South)
48? 28' 15 "N/46?19 '00 "E
Launch Site 2111 (Zone 10, Launch Area North)
48?28 '45 'N /46?19 '00 "E
Launch Site 3111
48? 29'00 "N/46? 19'00 "E
Launch Site 41)
48?29'40 "N/46?19 '00 "E
Range Control Center (Site D-1*)
48?25 '50 "N/46?16'20"E
Radar Facility (Site D3*)
48?27'15 "N/46?15'50 "E
Rear "L" Pattern (Site D-4*)
48?29'10 "N/46?09'00 "E
Forward "L" Pattern (Site D-8*)
48? 21 '25 "N/46?48 '45 "E
Linear Pattern (Site D-11*)
48?27'00 "N/46?17'50 "E
Logistical and Administrative Support Area (Zone 11)
48?25'50 "N/46?16'10 "E
Assembly and Checkout Area (Zone 12)
48?21'05 "N/46?13'50 "E
Missile Fabrication Complex
48? 17'45"N/46?12 '10 "E
*Reference point
SOURCES
MAP DATA:
AMS. Series 501, Sheets NM 38-11 and NM 38-12, scale 1:250,000
WAC 235, scale 1:1,000,000
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