JPRS ID: 9945 USSR REPORT CYBERNETICS, COMPUTERS AND AUTOMATION TECHNOLOGY

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• Original Classification: U
• Document Page Count: 30
• Document Creation Date: November 1, 2016
• Sequence Number: 57
• Content Type: REPORTS

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JPRS L/ 10201
18 December 1981
= Woridwide Re oc~t
p
TE! ECOMMUNICATIONS POLICY,
RESEQRCH AND DEVEIOPMENT
CFOUO 19/81)

~
FE31S FOREIGN BROAD~AST INFORMATION SERVICE
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~'PRS L/102Q1
18 December 1981
WORLDWIDE REPORT ~
TELECOMMUNICATIONS POLICY, R~SEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
(FOUO 19/81)
CANTENTS
ASIA
J APAN
' Activities of Major Optical Fiber Manufacturers Reported
(NIKKAN KOirYO SHIl~IDUN, 29 Oct 81) 1
USSR
Time and Frequency Service Using Cuban Nationgl Tel e~ri.sion
Channels
~ (Yu. A. Fedorov, J. Gonzales; IZMERITEL'NAYA TEZtEINIKA, Jul 81) 5
WEST EUROPE
SWEDEN
New Technology Seen Overwhelming Telecommunications Agency
(Carl-Olof Johaxd; VECKANS AFFARER~ 12 Nov 81) 10
- - a - ~III - WW - 140 FOUO]
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JAPAN
ACTIVITIES OF MAJOR OPTICAL FIBER MANUFACTURERS REPO'dTED
Tokyo NIKKAN KOGYQ SHI*iBUN in Japanese 29 Oct 81 p 15
[Text] Optoelectronics entered the practical stage only because low-lo~s fiber and
the long-life semicon.ductor laser became practical items, and the contribution of
high-quality fiber is especially large.
About the time the Corning Company succeeded in the epochmaking develonment ~of
glsss fiber wiLh the extremely low loss of 20 decibels per kilometer arnd the Bell
Laboratory announced its m~thod of manufacturing new opti~al fiber bas~ material
in the latter half of the 1965 decade, Japan's efforts in the optical fiber area
were being accelerated. Up to that time, there had been scatt~red research on the
part of cable companies and communication makers focuaed mainly on multipl~ com-
ponent low-loss glass, but since 1975 the Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Public
Corporation and three electrical cable maker companies (Sumitomo Electric Indus-
tries, Furukawa Electric, and Fujikura Cable) initiated ~oint research in this
area. In 1979 these parties succeeded in developing optical fiber with a lass of
0.2 decibels per kilometer, which made it the best in the world in this respect,
and Japan has been enjoying top position in the area of fiber technology since
then.
At the present time, the optical fiber makers, centered on the electrical cable
makers, are developing their independent technology and hanging on to their own
products as they are responding to the expanding and diversifying needs of the
market.
Furukawa Electric has doubled its optical fiber production capability aver that
of 1980 to 4,000 kilometers. This past January, thia company together with
Fujitsu jointly rece~ved an order for 4,000 kilometers of optical communication
network from the Hong Kong Telepho:.e Company, thereby greatly euhancing its posi-
~ tion in the field.
It was about 1970 c~hat this company took up the sub~ect of optical fibers seri-
ously, snd a~oint agreement for coordinated research was reached betwpen three
companies--~~r:::.::g ~lass, Fujitsu, and this company--in 1973, as a result of which
- there was a sudden acceleration in development. Then, the highest level fcur-core
optical cable was developed in 1974, and a line was set up at its Chiba plant.
This cable is still operating today without mishap, ably demonstrating the high
quality of optical fiber cables. Since 1975 this company has been engaged in joint
researc~h with the Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Public Corporation, and in 1978
1
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FoR oFFici,~L u~~: ~~~t.~~
it entered into an a~reement with the Corning Cnmpany. This company presertly is
producing top-qiiality fiber both by the CVD method and the VAD r~ethod.
Looking at the orders this company has been re~eiving over the past few year:,~,
there was thP order from Nippen Steel in 1977, from Tokyo Electric in 1978, from
the Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute and the Agency of Industr.ial Science
and Technology in 1980, the order from Hong K~ng in January of 1981, and from
Northern Telecom by way of Corning in August 1981.
This company is nok satisfied to limit its efforts only to quartz system fibers,
but is pointing toward high-quality optical fiber development and wi.uer use of
image guides and is enhancing its ability to handle orders for systems.
Sumitomo Electric inittated basic research on optical fibers in about 1965 and
entered into earne5t research on low-loss quartz optical fiber development along
about 1970. Since it initiated joint research with the Nippon Telegraph and Tele-
phone Public Corporation, this company has been looking toward mass production,
and it also initiated joinc research with .*.he electric power companies on power
control. I[ has been participating in second-phase and third-phase joint research
programs with the Public Corporation. Both domestic and foreign orders began to
increase starting about 1978; it r.as recPived orders from NipFon Steel ror informa-
tion transmission at its Yawata Stee? Plant, for subways, for an ITV system for a
hi~h-speed rail:.oad, from Disney World, and from the Brazil Telephone Public Coxpo-
ration. Of special note is the joint order received with Nippon Electric last year
frum Ar~;~nt.ina for expanding that country's communication system over a 5-year plan
involvin~ "s,020 kilo~ieEers of installations requiring a total of 8,000 kilometers
of optical fiber.
The method of manuf~cturing optical fiber parent material is the VAD method (axis
attactied method), which is a strictly Japanese method developed in joint research
~~ith [lie Public Cot�poration. Since the VAD method is adaptable to mass production,
it }~~~s good capability of responding to sharply increasing demand.
'itu s compaiiy estimates that this year's total sales in the optical communtcations
~irea will total n~ore than S billion yen, including sales in industrial use iraage
fibcr, optical fiber voltmeters and photo components (split wave devic.es, switch-
es), compound semiconductor production projects, and all optical fiber related
~ecl~nology. It anticipates that sales this year wili total 5 billion yen.
I~'ujiku~a Cable Pntered the field of optical fiber dPVelopment early in the game
a~id is a member of the top group in Japan in this area. One of its past achieve-
ments whictl can be cited here is its success in commercializing the silicon-clad
oPtical fiber in 1973. This was the first commercial product for sidnal transmis-
s.ion, tn 1976, it came out jointly with the Public Corporation with the success-
Eul development of an extremely low-loss optical fiber. This is a 1.2 micron fiber
witt~ the very low loss of 0.47 decibels per kilometer, and this may be said to be
indicative of the tiigh technological leve~ of this company. During the past year
it has been engaged in developing optical fiber~ without the peak which appears
in the loss level and has established the position of optical fibers as replace-
ment for copper cables in communicat:Lon transmission.
~
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Because this company has fairly little interpiay with communications eq~si~ment
makers, it has suffered conciderably in the international market, but in .:u1~ it
rece;ved an ~rder from the mainstay of optical fibers, the Bell Laboratory of the
United States, for 65 kilameters of optical fioer for use in submarine cables,
and this company 3ppears about to make expansions in this area.
While sales in the public r..ommunication area to the Fublic ~orporation accaunt for
the n~ajor share of this company's product;on, recently it has been devel~ping sales
in the private sector, such as the recent sales for ITV systems used in subways
such as the Kyoto subway and for control systEms of high-speed highways. Because
it does not have any specific partner in this arza, it has the advantage of teaming
up with any maker, anci it is reinforcing the production capability of ~ts Sakura
plant, dedicated solely to optical fiber production, to 3,000 kilometers per mcnth.
Showa Electric Wire and Cable Company is the top maker in the arEa of multicour
ponent glass optical fiber. To be sure, this company is developing and producing
quartz optical fiber just as any other company. This company is pushing develop-
ment of high-quality quartz fiber for 14ng-dista~lce transmission use and the multi-
component glass fiber which can be produced in mass quantity at low cost for ffiedium
and short distance communication.
- The features of multicomponent glass fiber include the free selection of the open-
ing number of light impulses which can be accommodated by the cable, the large size
of core which can be used, and the good coupling with the light source. Its low
melting point also enables ready splicing. When the distance of transmission is
small and the volume of communication is not too large, the comparatively large
loss rate (7-$ decibels per kilometer) compared to quartz fiber is not too much of
a problem. That i~ why this company is pushing expans~.on in use of this fiber in
the area of intraplant communications, computer data bus, CATV, and observational
control transmission type applic :ions.
Various multicomponent sy~tems and quartz system5 are being produced at its Sagami-
gahara plant, where the mo~:thly production is about 1,000 kilometers. Series lin'k-
ing of peripheral equipment with optical fiber such as data link is also under de-
velopment.
Since last year, Hitachi Cable Yias been operating its headquarters market devel-
opment and service, laboratory product msking, plant manufacturing syatem de-
velopment centered on its optical system development headquarters to promote devel-
opment and production of optical fibers and asscciated equipment. Joint reaearch
was initiated on optical fibers with Hitachi Limited from abou~ 1971, ar.d the re-
sults are appearing in the form of unique development not seen in other companies.
Joint research on practical technology related to systems control was initiated by
Tokyo Electric and Kwansai Electric in 1976. In 1980, success was achieved in
setting up a 2-kil~meter HF analog transmission system through joint research wi~h
NHK by which wide area television (large number of scanning lines with good image)
transmission systems were made possible. At the same time, there has been a large
increase in orders for items such as the data Fourier system for the Kimizu steel-
making plant of Nippon Steel and the ITV observation system fcr the high-speed
highway, and sales totaling more than 1.5 billion yen are anticipated for this
year.
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'Ihe ~~lliptical jacket type polarized waved plane retention fiber which this com-
pany announced ~n ,~uly of this year maintains the vibrational plane (polarized
plane) of li~ht in a fixed direction as light is transn,~tted, and thi~ factor
coupled wi[h its low loss are expected to find ~,~ide application for this fiber in
optical communications, gyroscopes, and magnetic flux gauges.
In addition, this company ~as developed blood pressure measurement devices using
optical fiber which are expected to find many uses in diagnosing and treating
cardiac pat;ients, blood pressure measurements during the postsurgery stage, and
general observation use.
Dainichi-Nippon Cables' quartz optical fiber is a product of joint research with
Mitsubishi Metals and is a solely developed MRT (modified rod in tube) method tech-
nology. The features of optical fiber produced by the MRT method include the sep-
axate melt-forming of the core and cladding such that�the dimensians can be ac~just-
~d at will.
Lt is possible to produce fibers rar.ging from small diameter (6 microns) for com-
munications use to large diameter fibers (1,000 microns) for power transmission
whic}1 are very readily adapted to medical an~i ~ensor applications. This company
exploited the features of this MRT type fiber to market an image guide. In t:~e
past, image guides were used for stomach cameras, but the large transmission loss
limited its ].ength to 2-3 meters; the development of qtiartz f.ibers has made pos-
- sible transmission of clear images over more than 100 h~eters, which has m~de opti-
cal fibers useful in nuclear power, blast furnace, and metal flaw detection uses
as well as many otli~~r uses.
This company is also wor;cing toward serializing data links according to need. The
splicer developed by this company (melt joining device) uses butane gas, does not
require an electric power supply, and is low in cost, which makes it a highly eval-
uated product.
Dates of Optical Electronics Development and Praccical Introduction
Year Event
1953 Ir~v~ntion of glass fiber by Ban-hiru [phonetic~
~ 1960 Invention of laser ~
; 1970 Corning Company: invention of low-Ioss glass fiber (2Q decibels/ki.lometer)
Bell Laboratory: invention of semiconductor laser
1974 Bell Laboratory: announcement of low-loss optical fiber by the MCVD method
(1.1 decibels/kilometer)
1975 Nippon Tele~rapt~ and Telephone Public Corporation, Furukawa Electric,
Sumito:no Electric, Fujikura Cable initiate joint research
1978 Haiobisu [phonetic] initiated at Eastern Ikoma
- 1979 Nippon Telegraph and Telepr~one Public Corp~ration joint research group:
development of low-l~ss optical fiber by the VAD method with 0.2 decibels/
kilometer loss
1980 Musashino Lahoratory of the Public Corporation, Fujitsu, and Nippon Elec-
tric joint research: development of semiconductor laser with life greater
than 100,000 hours.
COPYRIGHT: Nikkan Kogyo Shimbunsha 1981
2267
CSO: 8129/0249 4
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USSR
UDC 529.781:6Z1.397.6
TIME AND FREQUENCY. SERiIICE USING CUBAN NAT?dNAL TELEVISION CHANNELS
Moscow IZMERITEL'NAYA TEKHNIKA in Russian No 7, Jul 81 pp 39-41
[Article by Yu. A. Fedorov and J. Gonzales: "'Transmission of Time and Frequency
Units via the Channels of Cuban National Television"]
- [Text] The NTSC color television standard has b~en adopted for television broad-
casting in the Republic of Cuba. Balanced quadrature modulation of one chromi-
- nance subcarrier frequer~cy is employed in this system for the transmis~sion of the
color difference signals. The nominal value o� this frequency ahould meet the
conditions for compatibility of cols~r and black-and-white television and should
have no impact on the quality of black-and-white and color images. For this
reason, the chrominance subcarrier in the NTSC system was chosen at 3.579545...
MHz, while the repetition rate of the horizontal lines and fields of the composite
TV signals are 15,734.264... and 59.94... Hz respec~ively [1].
Witt~ these frequency values for the sync pulses, both passive and active tecl:ni-
ques can be used to reference time scales to each other [2~. The passive method
requires the simultaneous recording :it two points of the same frame sync pulses
with the sub~equent exchange of data from the measurement results, while the act-
ive method provides for the transmission of special code groupa incorporated in
the TV signals, where these groups carry information on the time position of the
frame sync pulses relative to the reference standard time scale.
The practical implementation of these techniques involves the organization of an
additional communications ch3nnel in one case, and in the other, the utilization
of compli~ated and expensive transmitting and receiving-recording equipment of
limited precision, which is governed by the discrete nature of the transmitted
data and its reproduction baspd on the second time signals.
Experience in the USSR with the design of synchronization systems for time scales
using television channels shows that time sign3ls with different repetition rates
and a high degree of precision in their matching to the scale of the state time
- a:1d frc~quency reference standard can be continuously transmitted as part of the
television signals [3]. In this czse, the transmitting and receiving-recording
equipment is substcintially simplified and high precision, reliability and a high
confi~enc~ tevel In linking the time scales ~f spatially separated facilities
without supplemental information exchange are assured [4 - 6].
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- It follows frocr. an analysis of the techniques of generating high and low frequency
sync pu~5e components in the NTSC 5ystem that for a definite relarionship betwee:i
the time signal repetition period and the frame sync pulses, the time signals can
- be transmitted cancinuously as a part of the television signals just as in the
SECAM system, adopted for TV broadcasting in the USSR. In this case, the time
_ position of the frame ;;ync pulses and the time signals will remain t:nc�anged for
the duration of an entire transmission.
To assure that the time signals coincide with the frame sync pulse once per second,
t!~is relationship is determined from the expression:
Tr.p, � N~ff ~1)
wt~ere 'lr,P, is the repetition period of the time signal~; fg is the fr~quency of
ttie TV signal fieldti, equal to 59.94... Hz; N is the number of TV signal fields,
equa] to 60.
'1'0 obtain the precise value of the time signal repetttion period, it is necessary
to u5~ coefficients wh~~_h relate the value of the chrominance subcarrier frequency
to the sync signal scanning frequencies. In this case, the relationship between the
reference standard trequency signa]_s of the master oscillator of the television
center, having a n~minal value of 5 MHz, and the chrominance subcarrier fp, is
c:stahlished from ttie expression fp = k�5 MHz, wnere k= 63/88 [7]. On the cther
hand, the frequency cif the TV signal fields is related to the number of horizontal
line5 in the televi~;ion raster, z= 525, and twice the horiz~ntal line frequency,
2fZ, by the function:
ff = 2fZ/z (2)
In this case: = q ~o (3)
2n-~1~
~al~ere (2n + 1) = 455 is a coefficient cho~en in step with the degree of percepti-
bility c~f the interference.from the chrominance signals [lj.
1'he simultaneous solution of (1) -(3) yields:
a( 2n f) N -e ~ 4~
Tr.p. Tc.a= 20k-�10 .
~11] ~~f the quantili~~ti in (4) are finite numbers, and for this reason, the precise
v,ilu~~ ~~f rh~� tImr ~it;i~.als rr~~e~tition periad, which continuously coincide with the
ti'I'ti~; :;t;in~i;ir~i 'I'~' tii~;n:~l~, is ~>qual to 1.001 sec and is a multiple of 1 msec.
'fhe functional cc;nfi~;uration of the reference standard time and frequency signal
(I~:SC1,V) transmission system using the char;~els of Cuban national television, which
iti :;hown in Figure 1, was developed in accordance with (4); the equipment complex
was breadbaarded from transmission, monitor and control equipment~, as well as re-�
ceiving and recording equipment. Experimental studies of the constructed system
were conducted in June of 1979 in the Ha~ana television center.
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~R ORFICIAi. IJSE ON1.Y
1 cm
Icn
1 ? J 6 7 8 9 f0 ~ f6
~cve
t~ ~q ESChV
s ce
4 SMrK fJ rMrK SV
14 IS !8
1 ll lll
Figure 1.
l:ey: ESChV = Reference standard time and frequency signals;
- SV = Time signals.
- The 5 MHz si~nals from master ascillator 13 of television center II, fo:- which a
Chl-69 rubidium time and frequency standard is employed, are fed simultaneously
through the frame sync pulse equalizer 11 and the time signal equalizer 14 to the
chrominance subcarrLer frequency synthesizer 6 and time signal generator 15. The
time signals take the form of a train of pulses with a repetition pericd of 1 msec
and a width of 2 usec. To resolve the ambiguity in the second intervals, pulse
width modulation is used for the time signal pulses with a repetition period of
100 and 1 Hz caith widths of 5 and 15 Usec respectively.
In accordance with (4), the time signals with a repetition period of 1 msec coincide
once per second with the interval authorized for the transmission of the second
half of the lOth line of the frame blanking pulse. In this case, the frame pulse
matches each time with the next time signal having a repetition period of 1 msec.
Thus, all signals with a repetition period of 1 msec will be transmttted sequent-
ially during the specified rime. This means that the signals modulated by the
pulses with a repetition rate of 100 Hz will be transnitted once every 10 aeconds
and those with a repeti.tion period of 1 Hz, once every 1,000 seconda.
Then the time signals generated by the method indicat~d above are fed simultaneously
with the harmonics of the 1 MHz frequency from the other output of the rubidium
- Chl-69 standard to block 1.2 for generating th~ time and frequency referer..ce standard
signals. Block 12 is coupled to the television program souYCe the sync signals
to which are fed f rom the output of sync generator 7, operating in an external
synchronization mode from the reference standard signals of the chrominance sub-
carrier frequency, which are fed from the output of synthesizer 6.
A 149A test signal generator made by the Tektronix com~any, having a special input
for external signals, was used as the device for feeding the reference standard
time and frequency signals into the TV signals during the experimental transmissions.
The refc~rence standard time and .~requency sfgnals, in the form of sinusoidal packets
at a frequency of 1 MHz, positioned in the first part of th~ lOth line with a width
- of 15 usec, and the time signals posftioned in the second portion of this line, are
fed from the cutput of test generator 9 to the �2ievision transmitter 10 of the
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k:avana television center and to ~he input of a radio relay link which tra.nsmits
the central television programs throughout the entire territory of Cuba.
~
The instant of time signal output from the TV transmitter antenna according to the
time scale of the working reference sta~idard 1, located in the time and frequezcy
lzboratory of INIMET, is determined remotely via a telephone line, 5, which ties
the monitor and control center I to the transmitting television cEnter II. For
this purpose, the time signals from the output of the type RTV-Ch receiving and
recording unit [8], 3, are fed to the "stop" input of time interval meter 2, where
theseconds sigr_als from the output of the working reference standard 1 are fed to
- the "start" input of this interval metEr. Based on the results oi these measure-
ments, takin~ into account the travel time of the signals from the TV transmitter
_ antcnna to the monitor station, the instant of tim2 signai output is variPd until
the signals m.atcli ttie scale of the working reference standard by means of the
signal controller, 4, which generates special voice f.requency pulse trains whi~h
~ are fed via the telephone line to the input of the time signal correction unit 14.
In this case, an additional correction is made in the time pasition aF the frame
sync pulses by means of changing the phase of the 5 MHz signals fed to synthesizer
6 so ~~s to place the time signala in ~he interval of th~ lOth line authorized :or
their transmission, where this change is accomplished only duxing the frame blank-
ing period to attenuate the influence of the phasing on the co~or video quality.
The time signals are ;egregated from the composite t?levision signal at the station
for tying the time scales together, III, by means af the type RTV-Ch receiving and
recc,rditlg unit, 16, Alld the time signals are fed to the "stop" input of time inter-
val meter 17, where the seconds signals of the local clocks 18 are ied tv the
"st~irt" input of this meter. Based on the results of these measurements, taking
into account the time of signal travel from the point of their transmission to
the reception poi?~t, the deviation of the instant of the ~ucai clock seconds sig-
nal from the time scale of the INIMET working reference standard is determined.
~TM nsec ~
130
~
100
SO
1 ~ i t i i ~ ~
?0 40 60 BO !00 1?0 1~/~ L,t
' ~ t~ SeC
Figure 2.
An example of the results of recording the time signals at the monitor and control
~ center is shown in FigurE 2, not taking into account the systematic srift in the
time scales of the transmitting television center and the I1~IMET working standard.
'Che inst ~ ."~t� ~ a : , a~3~
~ ;
~ t
~ , ~
~
I '
~
,roa� ,oo~ sop� ,oop� ,oep� ,,~~o. ~,oop� ',ooo~� ,
' ~ ISw~di~hTekom~ Sr.~~ishT~kom, SOS Alarm~ring T~Ninduwiar N~rion A/S Dont~b AB I.~rm ~ q~ TeC '
. ' I, In�rnuuon~l ABI Convstting AB A8 AB ~ Ome 117 hMv Onu: 910 M1v
2). (3)
, ~ b~,: ~ Mw 6"~ ss ~ b?~. ~o ~ 6~: ~o ~ o~.r ~ aoo ~r? ~a.~,?a4,,d.. ,a ~ soo i;
; I Am Mst 11! i Ny~tar'~t Mt wt 400 Ant wt S70 Ant rat ~6 Anl wt 2 300 w,.w t N tfltl ~+i
nr tl12/p
- '
- Totefabrikation i SkdieF.ei AB - T~}~brilution i;(ri~tin~h~mn AB
Key:
1. Telecommunications Service
2. Volum~: 60 million kronor
Number of employees: 175 .
3. Re~ently established
4. Volume: 55 million kronur
Numher of employees: 400
5. Volume: 70 million kronor
Numher of employees: 570
6. Vc,lume: 20 million kronor
Numher of eu~ployees: 45
7. Volume: 1 bi.llion kronor
Numher of employees: 2,300
Alarm ~ivision
Volume: 1!7 million kronor
(to assume corporate form by 1 July 1982)
Vo 1 ume : 970 m I1 1 ton kronor
N~nnh~r of employees: 3,~i00
(to assume c-c~rpornte form hy 1985, pr~~bably as soon as 1982/83
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In adiition to holding stock, the company also manages property. The
folloaing companies are included in Teleinvest at present:
Swedtel (Swedish Telecoms International AB), which does consulting w~orlc in
telecommunications, primarily in developing countries. The consultants come
mostly from the T.elecommunications Service. Swedtel employs 175 persons and
has a business volume of about 60 million kronor.
Swedcur? (Swedish Telecoms Contractir?g AB) is brand new and will do contracting
work in developing countries for planning, installing, operating, and main-
taini~~g telecommunications equil~ment. ~n addition, the company sells t~e
Telec~~mmunications Service's own equipment and producta.
Neria>> A/S is a Norwegian company recently acquired by Teleinvest. Nerion
competes to a mars inal degree with LM Ericsson and sells microprocessor-based
telec~~mmunications systems under the name GAREX. The syatem can he adapted
for t~-af f ic concrollers at airports, as well as police, fire, and shore
radio staticns. Nerion has 45 employees and a volume of 20 million kronor.
Teleindustrier, together with its subsidiaries Telefabrikation in Skelleftea
~ and Telefabrikation in Kristinehamn, has a business volume of 70 million
kronor and empluys 570 workers. Teleindu strier manufactures equipment and
compo~lents for the Telecommunications Service.
SOSAB performs a number of basic services for municipalities and county
councils such as emergency services, f ire and ambulance alarms, and also
handles commercial alarm services for industries and security companies.
SOSAB, SO percent of which is owned by Teleinveat, 25 percent by the
Association of County Councils, and 25 percent by the Aasocciation of Local
Governments, has a volume of 55 m illion kronor and employeea 400 workers.
_ Teleinvest now owns 9.5 percent of Datasaab, sYnce the Telecommunications
Service took over the state's interest, and LM Ericsson owns 90.5 percent.
According to a resolution by parliament, the Alarm Division will assume a
corporate form under Teleinvest by 1 July 1982. The Alarm Division has a
volume ~f 117 million kronor and has achieved considerable sharec of the
market in the f ields of intercoms, f ire alarms, and burglar alarms.
According to a parliamentary resolution, Teli, the industrial division of
the Telecommunications Service, will assume corporate �orm under ~eleinvest
by 1 July 1985. There are indications that this will occur already during
the fiscal year 1982/83. Teli manufacturers primarily telephone exchanges,
priv~~te branch exchanges, and telephones, but also alarms, data processins
eqt~i~~ment, and ~iir traffic equipment. In addition, some renovation work is
- also done. The company has a volume of 970 million kronor and n-:t profits
of 3~) million kronor and the division employs 3,500 workers.
2!~
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~ FOR UFFICIAL USE ONLY
Investments Down Despite Record Profits
From an economic standpoint, the Telecommunications Service is our best run
state agency. The 1980/81 fiscal year showed record prof its of 2.5 billion
kronor--a 29 percent increase, even adjusted to the Telecommunications
Service's new bookkeeping system. Prof itability during the same period
amounted to 12.5 percent.
- Of the total volume of 9.3 billion kronor, the telephone sector was responsible
~ for 85 percent, while activities such as data and text communicationa were
well under S percent each. In addition, SO percent of the telephone revenues
resul.t from charges for calls.
The favorable results are due primarily to increased volume in the telephone
sector, which rose by 4 to S percent during the 1980/81 f iscal year and sales
by 16.6 percent expressed in f ixed prices--the greatest increase throughout
the 1970's.
The higher profits mean that the Telecommunications Service has now doubled
its reserves to 600 million kronor which, in turn, means that new rate
increases will not occur for a long time to come.
The Telecommunications Service will need this capital when it introduces it~
electronic AXE stations, which will require annuaT investments for many years
of 4 b.itlion kronor at today's monetary value.
To manage these heavy investments, the agency has repeatedly requested
permission to form its own financing company, Telefinans, in order to go
out into the open market and borrow under somewhat more favorable terms.
I'arli:iment refi~sed to allow this and instead gave the Telecommunications
Servi~~e a flexible credit of 800 million kronor with the National Debt Office.
'1'l~e 1'~~lecommunications Service has not given up the idea of 'Telefinans
totaliy, but will make a new application in the near future. While awaiting
a res~~onse and in order to cope with investments the Telecommunications
Servi.~�e chose instead to reduce the rate of investments, which means that the
big cCties receive priority, while small towns must wait for the new AXE
excha~iges.
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. ~
~ ~

_ li
J r~ 10000 . Mkr ~
~ ~ r~
,;i... _ .
8000
8000 ~
00
I 2000I
I
, ~em ~an9 eo~~
- nemand for the agency's services continues to grow. During the 19$0/81
= fiscal year volume reached 9.3 billion, a 17 percent increase during the
- year..
Key: Volume of Telecommunications Service (million kronor)
.
� ~ :t
2500 � Mkr . ,
.
2000 . �
1500
000
500
76 7 7B 9 80/81
+ t
- Since economist 'fony Hagstrom hecam~ director general, the Telecommunications
Service's profit~ have increased from 631 million to 2.544 billion kronor.
Key: Net proftts (million kronor)
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F'()R UI~'h'1:;1AL u~C. unLY
' ~
I '
J~ . . ~ . ; ~
i
Prceent
~~12 , � .
~10�'
,
~
_ ;6
~
~4 ,
~ ~
~Z .
78/77 78 19 BO/ .
~
I.ike profits, returns on total working capital during the past S years
have increased from 6.1 to 12.5 percent.
Key: i:eturns on total capital (percent)
Cc)PYRTCiI'T': Ahlen & Akerlunds try~.kerier, Stockholm 1981
~)33h
CSC?: 5500/2047 END '
'
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