JPRS ID: 10131 WORLDWIDE REPORT TELECOMMUNICATIONS POLICY, RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: JPRS
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP82-00850R000400070046-0
• Release Decision: RIF
• Original Classification: U
• Document Page Count: 12
• Document Creation Date: November 1, 2016
• Sequence Number: 46
• Content Type: REPORTS

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JPRS L/ 10131
20 November 1981
- Worldwi~e Re ort
~
TEIECOMMUNICATIONS POLICY,
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
CFOUO 15/81)
Fg~$ FOREIGN BROAD~AST INFORi1~'IAT1OlN SERVICE
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~ mation was summarized or extracted.
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~ JPRS L/10131
20 November 1981
WORLDWIDE RE~PORT
TELECOMMUNICATIONS POLICY, RESEARCH Af~lA DEVELOPMENT
_ (FOUO 15/81)
CONTENTS
_ LATIN AMERICA
BRAZIL
'i Briefs ~
I Radio Broadcast Threat 1
I
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
NIGERIA
Country's Telecommunications Network Detailed
(Tunde Fagbenleh; NEW AFRICAN, Aug 81) 2
Briefs
Foreign Contract~ Noted 4
Internatianal Bank Loan 4
ZAIRE
Master Plan for Teleconmtunications Dqvelopment
(MARCHES TR6PICAUX ET MEL~ITERRANEENS, 25 Sep 81) 5
WEST EUROPE
FRANCE
'Pirate' Radios To Be Joined Soon by 'Rada.o Chirac'
_ (Philippe Aubert; L'EXPRESS, 16 Oct 81) 6
UNITED KINGDaM
Briefs
- Coc~nunications Satellite Funding 9
_ a _ [III - WW - 140 FOUO]
nnw ~rr+~~n ~ r � rn~. n~rr a~
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BRAZIL
- BRIEFS
RADIO BROADCAST THREAT--Brazil is worried about a plan of [French Foreign Minister]
Claude Cheysson's. Cheysson wanta to install a powerful radio tranamitter in
Guyana that will cover Central America and part of South America. The Brazilian
Goverr~ment is afraid that this station will become a"relais gauchiste" [leftwing
voice]. The French Ministry of Foreign Relations has made 60 million francs available
to the TDF [French Broadcasting Corporation?] for the operation of such a station.
[Text] [Paris VALEL'RS AC'rUELLES in French 12 Oct 81 p::31] [COPXRIGHT; 1981
"Valeurs actuelles"]
~
CSO: 5500/2018
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NIGERIA
COUNTRY'S TELEC~hAfUNICATIONS NETWORR DETAILED
Paris NEW AFRICAN in English No 167~ Aug 81 pp 72, 75
[Article by Tunde Fagbenleh: "The Country's 'Nerve' Network"]
[Text] In the past five years there ha.s been a big 3mprovement in telecomm~anications
in Nigeria, d~spite the diff icultiea in this field experienced by most African
countries. Here, Tunde Fagbenieh reviewa the struggle behind Nigeria's bid for bet-
ter communications.
THE IMPORTANCE of telecoramunica- was modest and archaic, a leftover.from
tions in the e'evelopment and continued tha c;olonial past. Cries~croesing over-
growth of 80 million people in Nigeria head cablea left an uneightly Lagos
cannot be over-emphasieed. The nation ~k,yline~ and like moet of the public
cannot succesefully industrialise and run ~er~rices~ the ehc,~ck eurprise was when the
a well oiled state machinery without a telephones worked, and not the other way
functioning and co-ordinated communi- araand.
cations network. The eervice got belp that yesr when the ~
Black Africa hae been particular~y govemmeat under Muatala Muhemmed
- unfortunate and remaina largely back- awarded s multi-million naira contracC
ward in this vital area as a result of a to firms including the American con
combination of hietorical, political, and glomerate ITT, for the recCification and
economic factors which have encouraged overhaul of what wae available, and for
thia situation for decadea. It points the iaetallation of newer, more modern
directly to the uphill atruggle ~ of many linee. But what obtaine in Nigeria today
~ African countries which, impoveriehed ha~ not made the Murtala effort a
by yean of exploita~iv~ calonial domina- panacea.
tion~ are faced with e myrlad of prioritiee Hm~vever, a~general growth over the
to attend W in their soonomlc aad eocial last five years cannot be denied in the
development. telephone communicationa aector. In
NiQeria ha~ emerged in the laat 10 1976 Cable & Wireleee Ltd. of the UK
year~ to be an economic and political wae awarded a N1.9m. (U3$2m.) contrast
giant in Atl~ica. The country i~ of for the tvvo-phaee supply, inatallation
increasing influence in the global and maintenance of automatic telex
' eceziario and. the emaller and ailinQ e:changea, providing an additiona11,440
Afi~ican countriee look' up to it for trunk lines. The following year the same
leaderehip. firm won a coneultancy contract from
It is a country that the rest of the world Nigeria Euternal Communications Ltd.,
- would like to uee n~ the model for (NET), for the laying of 4b0 nautical
analyeia of what potential African coun- miles of coaxial submarine cables bet-
trieo have to reconetruct their own ween Abic~jan and Lagos as part of a
development and guide their own des- trana-Nigeria network sponeored by
tiniee. Pan-African Telecommunicationa
' Until 1976 the telecommunication (PANAFPEL). The circuit stretches from
- picture in IVigeria wae one of the Penmarch ia F'rance to Abi~an via ~
gloomieet in the continent. The syatem Cuablaace and Dakar. This link-up ie a
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reault of a aeries Of SgI'~Iri@At6 on other urban. centres are seeing an upwara
telecommunications cooperation signed turn of eventa. I.eR behind is Kano State
between ivory Coast, France, Morocco, which ia still encumbered wit,~i the old,
Senegal, snd Nigeria. inadequate aystem. Added to that, ettuo-
So far, more than 20 new automatic tural groblems to the building have held
telephone exchangea have been commie- up the inetallation of an automatic STD
aioned to increaee the lines by another e:change and until another building
66,5b0 with 3ubecriber Trunk Diallircg meeta required specificatione, Kano, a
($TD) facilities whereby peraun-ta vital commercial and induetrial nerve,
pereon calls can be made without an will remain out of reach by telephone.
operator. Calls can now be made direct to The postal sernice ie another problem
London from Lagos by private callers. area with an ugly reputation. Domestic-,
All Nigeria's international communi- mail still takes upward of four days to
cations are hantiled by N~;T, and, to reach pointe in Nigeria and oversese mail
improve connections with ~ifferent parta takee even longer.' ' '
of the country, Nigeria hae embarked on Radio aad televiaion have seen their
construction of the aecond International own taste of probleme and legal battles.
Gateway Complex, (IGC), in Kaduna Court hearings and Houee lobbying have
whxch will extend the home network ae finally wrested the electronic media from
- far as the northern etatea. gavernmeat monopoly. They have finally
Nigeria External Communicatione been deoentralised and statea cx~n now
Ltd. hae also ~ recently commiseioned a run their own radio and televieion
computerised Meseage 3witching Centre stations. The Federal fear wae that
which automatically delivers telegrama elackening of the monopoly on theae
to the cloeest office to the deatination, and media would prabably encoursge their
which alao routes mes8agea from seleded uee for partisan and political diffueion.
_ centres to oversea addreesaes without the Overall, Nigerian telecommuni~ationa
fiid of an operator. in need of functional policiee. Syetema
suffer coneiderably from breakdowns and
low eervice maintenance and a serioua
Vital nerve lack of ekilled personnel to mind the
Telephone fa~ilitiea are gradually stores. Improving theee services is a
being distributed to more rural arean and priority Nigeria must aet ite heart to in
future fiacal plans and policy-making.
COPYRIGHT: 1981 IC Magazines Limited
CSO: 5500/5076
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NIGERIA
BRIEFS
FOREIGN CONTRACTS NOTID--Along with roads, telecommunications is one of the sec-
tors presently in full expansion in Nigeria. It is thus that during the past
_ months, many contracts have been concludEd by French, American, West-German, and
Japanese companies. An official Nigerian sr~urce indicates that: the European
Teletransmission Comp~ny, subsidiary of Thompson-CSF, will install by the begin-
ning of 19$4, a centralized system to "telesupervise" the microwave telecommunica-
tion network (cost: approximately 90 million francs); Siemens AG received an
order for the expansion of the telecoffiunication network (cost: 428 million DM,
� or approximately 1 billion fran~s); La Signalisation [naffie of co~ipany], subsidiary
of General Telephone Engineering Companq (ITT group) is in charge of inatalling by
1982 three local networks of telecommunication cables at Ibadan, Ado IIciti and
- Alcure (co.st: 200 million france); the Japanese companies Marubeni, Nippon Electric
j and Sumitomo, will huild a shortwave telecommunication network at Ibadan (cost:
16 million yen, or 40 million francs); Cables and Wireless will furnish an
electronic Eltrex V telex center of 996 lines (cost: 53.5 million, or approximately
20 million francs); finally, the United States will deliver to Nigeria a communica-
tion satell~te station (cost: $5 mill.ipn or 28 million francs), [Text] [MARCHES
TROPICAUX ET MIDZTERRANEENS in French No 1870, 11 Sep 81 p 2335] [COPYRIGHT:
Rene Moreux et Cie Paris 1981.] 9670
INTERNATIONAL BANK LOAN--The Nigerian Federal Govzrnment has recently signed two
loan agreements with an international banking consortium for its telecommunications
development program. It should be.recalled that several contracts have been signed
in recent months with foreign firms for the execution of the program (~ee~MARCHES
TROPICAUX, 11 September, p 2335). [Text] [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX E~ MEDITER-
RANEENS in French No 1871, 18 Sep 81 p 2385J [CQPXRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie Paris
1981J 11,464 ~
i ~SO: 5500/5080
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ZAIRE
MASTER PLAN FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS DEVELOPMENT
Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French No 1972, 25 Sep 81 p 2453
[Text] The master plan for the proposed systematization of Zairian telecommunica-
tions has now been prepared. It includes a long-term development plan (more or less
20 years) as well as a short-term plan (about 5 years).
One of the immediate objectives of the pro~ect is to atrengthen the planning division
of the Zairian National Office of Posts and Telecommunications (ONPTX) by overseas
training of Zairian employees. Three fAreign experts--a telecommunicatiozs consultan'~,
~ a telephone systems consultant, and a transmisaion consultant--have been in Kinshasa
i for seve~-a1 months to h.elp the ~airian authorities take steps necessary to the
~ implementation of the master plan.
Over the long term, the pro~ect envisions covering the whole of Zaire with a complex
transmission network as well as a netwurk of telephone exchanges, with access to
inter-city direct dialing. The International Telecommunications Union (I~'[J) is the
agency carrying out the pro~ect, preparation of which was in large part financed
- by the UNPD [United Nations Development Program).
COPYRIGHT: Rene Mor~eux et Cie Paris 1981.
9516
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FRANCE
'PIRATE' RADIOS TO BE JOINED SOON HY 'RADIO CHIRAC'
Faris L'EXPRESS in French 16 Oct 81 pp 122-123
[Article by Philippe Aubert: "The Mayor's Transmitter Is Up"]
[Text] Radio Service.Tour Eiffel ~"Radio Chirac"~ wi.ll start
broadcas~ing ~~s of 1 December---"within the law and witfiout
propaganda"-whiJ.e heing an outpost of tfie opposition.
Muzzled by the law on local private radio stations, the pirates of the radio a~aves~
are beginning to rebel. They are not short of ammunition; the strongest among them,
Patrick Meyer and his RFM, broadcasting from Velizy, in Yveline, are coming out
with surprising surveys.
This private station, run for undisguised commerciaT purposes is most frequently
listened to by yc~ung people in the Paris region and by several hours exceeds the
listening public cf France-Inter! One can thus make oneself understood with high-
quality and perhaps some average programs. But RFM, which wants to live on publi-
city, is operating outside the law.
At the end of OctoUer. R~`'tB (Radio Mont-B1anc~ will begin to broadcast. It is a big
station launched on Italian territory, aiming at a heavi7.y populated zone from
Lyon to Geneva. Its manager is Roland Dhordain. Its budget is Fr 15 million.
By installing its powerful ~ransmitter on the other si~.e of tfie border, in the Aosta
Valley, at an elevation of 4,000 meters, RMB manages to get around the law. Along
with Radio K, on the Core d'Azur~, this will be one more "p~ripheral" station.
The most spectacular new radio station will set up its antenna only to a height of
- 290 meters but it will be tied to the girders nn the third floor of the Eiffel
Tower. Its manager is 3acques Chirac who intends to speak for the opposition while
staying within the law. Radio Service Tour Eiffel, a name preferred over Radio-
Paris, which brings back so~e bad memories, will ~ive the Tower back its status as
the audiovi'sual higt; point. Telediffusion de France (.TDF) already legally occupies
the fourth floor with its armful of needle-sharp antennas and its 3amming system.
Just a few meters below, workers, outfitted like Alpine mountain climtiers, are
marking the place where the transmitter will be installed; starting on 1 December,
it wi.ll send the first programs of Radio Service Tour Eiffel.
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Chirac had been thinking about this "Radio Mairie'jthe Mayor's radio] for 4 years
now. It was impossible under Giscard; any broadcast would have been ~ammed--and
it would also have b een considered illegal.
Hope was reborn with Mitterrand. During the first few days of July, the mayor
of Paris asked Danis Baudouin to bring the pro~ect up again.
Baudouin, the director of foreign relations of the City of Paris and the mayor's
right-hand man in the matter of communications, elegantly plunged into the troubled
waters of the hertziar. waves. This is a field which he is quite familiar with;
for the past 4 years he has been running Sofirad, that powerful government compan,y
- which owns RMC (Radio Monte-Carlo) and Sud-Radio, ~ontrolled by Europe 1, extending
to all fields of the audio visual industry. It did not take him long to take
action; in August, a 3-kilowatt transmitter was ordered from Telefunken Company.
- Between Radio-Lumiere and Radio-Jet
This is one way of waiting without losing any time due to the details of the law on
the free radio stations promised by Georges Fillioud, the minister of communications.
In September, Baudouin however faced a ma3or problem: the crowding of the FM band,
where it was impossible to place even the smallest transmitr.er without stepping
on your neighbor's toes. The engineers advised him to move fast and to install
himself on 101.5 MHz, right between Radio-Lumiere 101, with its well-developed
program, and a newcomer, Radio-Jet. The slot is very narrow, even if you have to
nu~ge some of your less powerful neighbors.
To hold on to this spot, a provisional transmitter since 1 October has been broad-
casting on a pre-recorded band, containing appeals for listeners and several care-
fully selected records, such as "Paris Is ~laking Up." The final transmitter will
- be installed on 25 O~tober. It will have cost Fr 490,000 and its power of 3 ki~o-
watts will be divided in two, with ~ach 1.5-kilowatt transmitter capable of re-
~ lieving the other in case of failure. The office of the mayor of Paris definitely
- wants to stay within the law. "We want to slide along," Baudouin says rather in
a jolly fashion. This will be done under the auspices of an association for the
development of communications, with Jacques Chirac as president and Denis Saudouin
as secretary-general. The offices and the studio are far from City Hall, ~ust a
couple of steps from the Eiffel Tour. Everything is entirely legal. So long as
the Eiffel Tower Company is the owner o� the transmitter, the assaciation will ~nly
be a tenant.
Radio Service Tour Eiffel will broadcast about a dozen hours per day but never on
Sunday, the people at the mayor's o�fice ~cpect. This will be a"radio service"
which, for example, will broadcast "information on traffic bottlenecks in the
morning between 0700 and 0800, section by section, minute by minute." There wi.ll
also be purely local news, on the life of associations and cultural events. "No
propaganda" Baudouin emphasizes once again. Still...when Jacques Cliirac does some-
_ thing that is good for the people of Paris, will he not also comffient on :his into
the microphone?
But the socialist camp is ruffled. Georges Sarre, the public relations advisor
for Paris, commented angrily: "This radio station is a real fast move on tfieir
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part." He said that during a cabinet meeting. It is true that the fi,ght for
municipal elections is drawing near and he who c~ntrols a radio statian has a
big ace in the hole. .
Ridiculously Small Budget
For the time being, the government remains undisturbed. "We received an application
for the amendment of a monopoly rule, we will study it, and, if it is within the
law, then there will be no reason for this radio station to be jamffied," it was said
at the Communications Ministry.
"People will judge me by my actions," Baudouin said. "If I violate the law, well!
It would suffice for TDF jamming, 10 meters above our heads, to get us within its
rar.ge." Th~s "fai- play" however is not entirely innocent: the radio station of the
mayor of Paris, like half a score of others in Francp, operated 'by opposition town-
ships, is one of the outposts in the political struggle. T~iP la~r on local radio
stations was drafted to prevent precisely that which is happening now: a mayor's
office is getting itself a radio station while remaining within the law.
With a ridiculously small budget (Fr 2 million), shelter~d by legality, an opposi-
tion leader is now speaking out on the radio waves. "Elysee Palace is already
trying to find out wt~ether this yacht of the City of Paris will becrnme a torpedo-
boat," said Baudouin, not really caring whether or nat he gets an answer to tha~.
COPYRIGHT: 1981 s.a. Groupe Express
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UNITED 1CINGDOM
BRIEFS
CO:~IUNICATIONS SATELLITE FUNDING--Britain is to take a one-third share in the
European space agency's 230M pound pro~ec~ to launch an experimental satellite
~hich will L-eam communications and broadcasting signals across the whale of
Europe. The project, known as L-Sat, is intended to put Europe in the running
in the world market for a new generation of big multi-purpose satellites, of
which about 150 are expected to be in orbit by t:+~ end of this century. L-Sat
is due to be launched in 1986 and British Aerospace has been appointed prime
contractor. Britain agreed to finance a third of the cost after persuading
the eight orher countries invo].ved to al?ow the companies building the satellite
maximum freedom in its design and management and in the procurement of components
for it. Italy and Canada are being asked to take shares of a third and about a
tenth respectively. The other participants are the Neth.rlar.ds, Switzerland,
Austria, Belgium. Spain and I)enmark. France and West Germany, though members
of the European snace a~ency, have decided not to participate. They are collab-
orating instead on two broadcast-only satellitES. [London FINANCIAL TIMES in
English 3 Nov 81 p 1 PM] [COPYRIGHT: The Finaiicial Times Ltd, 1981]
CSO: 5500/2036 EIJIi
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