JPRS ID: 9626 WORLDWIDE REPORT LAW OF THE SEA

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: JPRS
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP82-00850R000300090048-7
• Release Decision: RIF
• Original Classification: U
• Document Page Count: 13
• Document Creation Date: November 1, 2016
• Sequence Number: 48
• Content Type: REPORTS

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JPRS L/9626
~ 24 March 1981
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Worldwide Re ort
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LAW C~F THE SEA
CFOUO 1 /81)
FB~~ FOREICN BROADCAST INFORMATION SERVICE
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- JPRS L/9626
24 March 1981
~ WORLDWIDE REPORT
LAW OF THE SEA
(~oUO i/s1> _
CONTENTS
ASIA -
JAPAN
Japan Critical of U.S. Law of Sea Position
(Editorial; TOKYO SHII~UN, 6 Mar 81) 1 _
_ Papers Assess U.S. Stand in Law of Sea Parley
(Editorial; THE DAILY YOMIURI, 10 Mar 81; MAIN~CHI PAILY
NEWS, 9 Mar 81) 3 _
'YOMIURI SHIMBUN' Comment
'MAINICHI' Editorial
Government To Enact Law Promoting Sea-Bed Mining
(THE JAPAN ECONOMIC JOURNAL, 20 Jan 81) 6
LATIN AMERICA
ME~ICO
Brief s
Delegate Qutlines Position 7 -
NEAR EAST AND NORTH AFRICA -
- WESTERN SAHARA
_ Libya Possibly Behind POLISaRIO Ship Boarding
(Abdelaziz Dahmani; JEUNE AFRIQUE, 17 Dec 80) 8
- a - [III - WW - I36 FOUO]
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~ JAPAN
. JE~PAN CRITICAL OF li.S. LAW OF SEA POSITIi1N
OW092253 Tokyo TOKYO SHIl~UN in Japanese 6 Mar 81 Morning Edition p 5
(Editorial: "The Law of che Sea Confarence and the U.S. ?osition"]
(Text] The lOth session of che Third UN Law of the Sea Conierence is scheduled to open in
;Iew York on 9 Karch. In this connection, the Reagan administration on 4 Warch expressed
its position vis-a-v;.s the informal draft oi the law of the sea treaty and instructed its
delegation to the conierence to reject a compromise on the draft at the coming session.
� The informal drat[ was approved--e.YCept for a[ew points--by a consensus of the approxi-
mately 150 countries represented at the preceeding session last august aEter 8 years oi
bargaining. It was also tentatively agreed at that session that tne lOtti session ~aould
become the concluding session in a11 but name by upgradiag the informal draft treacy to
a formal draft, and that a conference would be held in Caracas, Venezuela, this iall to
adopt that draf t treaty.
Even considering the goverrunent chaageover in the United States and the resignation oi
the U.S. delegate to the conference in the interven=ng period, we ;mist sa~~ that ic is
regrettable that the U.S. Government has announced such a rigid stance on the eve of
the lOth session. The stance, unless modified, is unacceptable.
During the presidential election ca:apaign, the Republican Party claimed chat the Carter
adminisr.ration's actitude toward the Law o~ the Saa Conference conclicted with C'.S.
national interests. It ~ust also be pointed out here that various points of agreement
reached at the past session, when viewed from a strictly legal standpo:nt. are not strict-
ly binding to the linited States. ~tevertheless, wo rld public opinion demands the early
adoption of a law oi the sea. Znasmuch as U.S, op position virtually precludes the
passage ot a law ox the sea treaty, we cannot but hooe that the U.S. Government will be-
have more prudently.
~ppar:ntly, the question oi deep-sea bed development gives the ~nited States the greatest
concern as it affects the U.S. iaterests the most. The informal draft treaty has all
provisions which concern tne sea, such ss those on territorial waters, economic zofles,
continental shelves and t:~e pre�iention of pollution. ~11 of these issues have been
resolved except for some aspects oi the deep-seabed development question. The Vorth
and the South have been at loggerheads over CFe question of deep-seabed develooment and
the oroblem remains unsettled.
It is ~ow possible to collect manganese nodules that 11e on dQer-seabeds under the hiFn
- ~eas, ~~ks to the development of science and technology. However, ic leit to Eree
comp~tition, the collection of thos e nodules will be monopolized by the major industrial
na=luns wi?ich h-:.ve the necessary technology aad capital. This, in turn, will rurther
1
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widen t:~e gap bev.reen Voreh and South. For this reason, the developing nations strongly
_ demanded that those nodules be developed 'oy a single international agency. The ~ajor
industrial nations, the Uaited Scates in particular, countered this demand by enactiag
- domestic legislation desi~ned to unilaterally deuelop deep-seabed nodules. at one c:me
this threatened to rupture Che Law oi the Sea Conserence. In the end, however, a compromise -
uras reached that would perait tain development by an incernational agency and priva~e _
enterprise. vevertheless, concerned C.S. firms have a deep-rooted complaint that the
proposed arrangement lacks sufticient guarantees for protection ot their interests.
In view of this backgzound, there is an _lement in the Reagan ad~inistration's lacest
aove that ic--to some :xtanc--understandable.
:tevertheless, sh