JPRS ID: 9546 USSR REPORT CYBERNETICS, COMPUTERS AND AUTOMATION TECHNOLOGY

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• Content Type: REPORTS

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JPRS L/9546
12 February 1~8~
USSR Re ort
_ p
CYBERNETICS, COMPUTERS AND
AUTOMATIOI~ TECHNOLOGY -
C~OUO 6/8 ~ ~
Fg~$ FOREIGN BROADCAST INFORMATION SERVICE

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JPRS L/9546 ~
12 February 1981
USSR REPORT
CYBE~NETICS, COMPUTERS AND AUTOMATION TECHNOLOGY
(FOUO 6/81)
CONTENTS
_ xaRnwaxE
' Memories and Cryoelectronic Computer Compoaents 1
i
- On One Method of Analyzing the Precisian of Specialized Computers for
' Digital Signal Processing.......... 3-
Elektronika-60 Link to Videoton-340 5
Construction of a Communications Yrocessor foY a Modeling Complex.... 9
Plotter and Dispiay Specif ~cations 11 `
VK-1010 Reliability 13
Interfacing Videoton-340 Displays to the BESM-6 Computer at a .
T.ranemission Rate of 1,200 Bauds 15
Microprocessor Control Systems for Manipulation Robots Based on
the CAMAC Standard 22
Rumanian Minicomputers Advertised 23
Construction of Hierarchic Storage Systems for Microcomputers........ 25
~ SOFTWARE
OS-NTs-? System Supervisor Run on Elektronika NTs-1.. 35
'Interface' Programming Language for Elektronika-10~J 43
Automation of Programming for Pattern Generators and the Problem
of Covering Plane Areas With Rectangles 45
- a- [III - USSR - 21.C S&T FOUO]
,
~ T/~ T A Tl~~/'~~ � ~I"~!+ /~f A~/
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Language Facilities of a Dispatcher Controlling Problems of Real-Time
Operating Systems 50 "
Development of Multifunctional Operating Systems for Aggregate
Software Systems 52
Design of Data Processi.ng Program~ing Systems 53
Machine Graphics for the BESM-ALGOL System 59
Algorithmic Models in the Automation of Research 61
Software Libraries at tl;e Leningrad Computer Center of the USSR
Academy of Sciences 65
APPLICATIONS .
Problems in Vibroseismic Research Methods 68
A Field Computer Complex for the Collection and Processing of ~
- Geophysical Information Utilizing the 'Elektronika NTS-OZT' '
Microcomputer 71 ~
' I
i-
_ On-Board System for the Primary Processing of Geophysical Data, '
Based on the Use of a General-Purpose Computer 75
Experimental Research in the Discrimination of Weak Seismir Signals
in Terrestrial Vibration Radioscopy Problems, Utilizing the NR-2100
Computer 83 ,
Network Architecture of Collective-Use Computer Centers 85
- Data Transmission Multiplexors 87
Forms of Data Representation on Color Video Terminal Screens........ 89
Automated Design for Metal Constructi~n Elements Brings Savings..... 92
Computer Network at Institute of Atmospheric Opticse 95 -
Group Adapter ior Coupling Base Computer and Peripheral Units Described 97
Interface With Main Memory Module Described 98
- Driver of M-32/RV-7 Magnetic Drum Storage Described......m.......... 99
~ PUBLLCATIONS
Mathematical Models of Circulation in the Ocean 100
Mathematical Methods ot Interpreting Geophysica~. Observations....... 103
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Planning of Parallel Computational ~rocesses 106
Computing Systems 110 ~
Set of General Industrial Methodological Handbook Materials on the ~
Creation of Automated Control Systems (ASU's) and Automated Design
Systems (SAPR's) 114
Design of Discrete Automation Sy.stems 117
New Publication on Speech Comprehension Systems 120
Input- Output Control in XeS Computers 122
New Book on Programmi~~ ~r ALGOL 125
' Alpha-6 Translator in the Dubna System 127
I
Abstracts From the Journal 'CONTROL SYSTEMS AND MACHINES'........... 129
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HARDWARE
UDC 681.32I.537.312.62
MEMORIES AND CRYOELECTRONIC COMPUTER COMPONENTS
Kiev ZAPOMINAYUSHCHIYE USTROYSTVA I KRIOELEKTRONNYYE KOMPONENTY EVM in Russian
1979 pp 2, 93-94
[Antiotation and table of contents fram the book edited by Doctor of
Engineering Scien ces G.A. Mikhaylov, Ukrainian SSR Academy of Scj_ences, Order
of Lenin Institute of Cybernetics, Scientific Council on the Problem of
' "Cybernetics", 320 copies, 99 pages]
[Text] Questions of the refinement of inemory devices, their assemblies and
components are treated. Considerable attention is devoted to problems of
utilizing memories in the design of processors and special purpose systems.
The reaults of theoretical and experimental research in Josephson ~unction "
devices i.n camputer and measurement equipment are given, including methods for
design calculationa and modelling, fabrication technology and i~search tech-
- ntques. The collection is intended for specialists engaged in the development
of camputer equipment.
Table of Cantents
Pavlus` B.I., Korovitskiy Yu.G., Chapkov Ye.V.,
~~ecific Features of n Dynamic Immediate-Access Memory in a Fast
Fourier Transform Pr.ocessor 3
Stepanov V.A., Ostapenko Yu.V.,
A Magnetic Memory Element for an Integrated Sem ipermanent Mem ory S
Bekh A.D., Chernetskiy V.V., Ganin A.P., Degtyaruk V.I.,
Computer Peripherals Based on Strip-Line Transformers 10
Kotsyuba Yu.T., Kharchenko A.F., Gal'chenko V.A., Chvanova T.I.,
_ A Subsyatem f or the Display and Documentation of the Results of
Experiments when Testing Complex Ob~jects 1~
Kalinin P.N., Kvashenko N.G., Peterzhak S.K., Pustovgar I.V.,
The Hardware for Data Selection and Input in a Processing System 25
~ Fabrichev V.A., Brayko Yu.A., _
A High Speed Analog-Digital Converter w~.th a Noise Immune Analog
Memory 30
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� va~ V~ l'I~.IAL IIJL'I V1~Ll
Mikhaylov G.A., Zvy~gintsev V.V., Pavlus' B.I.,
Camputational Econamy in the Realization of a Fast Fourier Transform
Algorithm 36
Zvyagintsev V.V.,
A^tudy of the Camputational Error of a Fast Fourier Transform
Processor 41
Rovenskiy V.M.,
On One Method of Analyzing the Precision of Specialized C~mputers -
for Digital Signal Processing 45
Gorbachev, V.V., Zharikov G.P., Moroz A.A. and Yakovlev N.A., _
A Procedure for Checking the Magnetic Properties of Memory Disks 48
Voytovich I.T., Kolesnik Z.N., Kolesnik Yu.S., Lavrinenko A.D.,
On the Numerical Calculation of ~he Control Characteristic of a
Longitudinal Josephscn Crytron 58
Peskovatskiy S.A., Strizhko L.P.,
A Relaxation Oscillation Mode in Small Superconductors and Modeling It 58
Voytovich I.D., Kolesnik Yu.S., Mikhaylovskiy V.B., Sosnitskiy V.N., I
The Static Characteristics of Dual Circuit Josephson Interferaneters 66 I
Voytovich I.D., Mikhaylov G.A., Sosnitskiy V.N.,
A Three-Contact Superconducting Quantum Interferoaneter 77
Zholob V.P., Polishuk A.S.,
On the Critical Current of Croesed Josephson Tunnel Junctions 81
Pan V.M., Polishuk A.S., Rudenko E.M.,
The Properties of Nb-NbXOy Pb2 Tunnel Structures Fabricated Using
Various Methods 87
COPYRIGHT: Institut kibernetiki AN UkSSR, 1979
[65-8225]
8225
CSO: 1863
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UDC 681.322.06:517.9
ON ONE METHOD OF ANALYZING THE PRECISION OF SPECIALIZED COMPUTERS FOR DIGITAL
SIGNAL PROCESSING
' Kiev ZAPOMINAYUSHCHIYE USTROYSTVA I KRIOELEKTRONNYYE KOI~ONENTY EVM in Russian
1979 pp 45-48
[Excerpts fram the article by V.M. Rovenskiy in the book edited by Doctor of
the Engineering Sciences G.A. Mikhaylov, Ukrainian SSR Academy of Sciences,
~ Scientific Council on the Problem of "Cybernetics", Order of Lenin Institute of
Cybernetics: "Memories and Cryoelectronic Computer Components"]
[Excerpt] When designing the hardware for specialized computers (SW) for
digital signal processing, it is necessary to take into account effects related
to the representation of the coefficients and the n~bers being processes with
a limited accuracy. This paper proposes the utilization of the method proposed
by Welch [1] to analyze the precision of a specialized camputer with a fixed
decimal point. One of the major merits of the method is its simplicity. We will
note that this method was employed by Welch in a special~case.
The results of research performed at the Institute of Cybernetics of the UkSSR
Academy of Sciences are given in the paper. The proposed method was used to
analyze the precision of digital filters with a finite pulse response as well as ~
digital spectrum analyzers operating on the basis of a BPF [fast Fourier
transform]:.algorithm [2]. The selection of these devices specifically for the
analysis was due to their widescale application in systems f or the autamation of
scientific investigations.
, The examples cited here are a good illustration of the effectiveness o~' the
proposed method in the analysis of the precision of specialized computers for
digital signal processing.
BIBLIOGRAPHY _
1. Welch, P.D., "A Fixed-Point FFT Analysis", IEEE Trans. on Audio, 1969,
V. AU-17, No 6, pp 153-157.
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2. Rabiner, L., Gould, B., "Teoriya i primeneniye tsifrovoy obrabotki signalov"
["The Theory and Application of Digital Signal Processing"], Moscow, Mir
Publishers, 1978, 848 pp.
3. Oppenheim, A.V., Weinstein, C.J., "Effect of Finite Register Ler.gth in
Digital Filtering and the FFT", PROC. of ~he IEEE, 1972, V. 60, No 8,
pp 957-976.
COPYRIGHT: Institut kibernetiki AN iT1cSSR, 1979
[65-8225]
8225
CSO: 1863
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ELEKTRONIKA-60 LINK TO VIDEOTOR=340
To~o~sk TEKE~IICHESKIYE SREDSTVA VYCHISLETEL'NOY SETI INSTITUTA OPTIICI ATMOSFERY _
in Russian 1979 pp 69-73
[Article by V. I. Zhuravlev and V. D. Shelevoy: "The Videoton-340 Display
in the Cam~unications Line with the Elektronika-60 Computer"]
[Text] Introduction
, ThF Konsul-260 electric typewriter is u sed as a terminal console in the
! peripheral equipment of the Elektronika-60 computer. TIzis article proposes
~ a way to connect a Videoton-340 display to the computer channel also. The ~
combined use of these tw~o terniinals makes it possible to compensate for the
! shortcomings that these devices have, for example, to insure a bigfi rate of
exchange by means of the display and obtain a document on the electric type-
writer. In add ition, in the version being proposed the Videoton-340 and
electric typewriter have the same external unit address and therefore
~ standard software is fully applicable to op erate the display. The selec-
tion of the particular unit is doae by switching modes on the display con-
sole. It should be observed that this scheme offers any of three configura-
tions: computer-typewriter; computer Videoton-340; computer-tqpewriter-
! Videoton-340.
i y
Work [1] consid ered a similar vereion of the use of a displaq with a com-
puter, but it has a number of signif icant shortcomings, specif ically: low
rate of information output to the display screen; lack of data input mode
from the memory of the Videoton-340 to the computer (the "Send" mode);
periodic loss of sign when transf~ering a line because of lack of correspond-
ence between the time diagrams of the Videoton-340 and the computer, as well
' as some others. The version we are describing does not have tfiese short-
comings. The working modes are controlled bq working mode switch keys on
the Videoton-340: "Off Line" computer on line with the electric type-
writer; "On Line" - computer on line with the Video~ton-340; "Send" -
reading data f~om the display memory to the computer; "UZ" - stop printing.
' `The "UL" key can be used here to stop the excha.nge of information between _
the computer and the Videoton-340. This is convenient wfien outputting large
volumes of data to the screen of the Videoton-340 or for a teclmical shut-
_ ~ dowu, for example to adjust ~rhe punched *_ape and the like. This mode can
also be accomplished withouC using the "UL" key, but this requires installa-
tion af a separate key, for example on the compute~ control console.
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r~ec vrr~~,lwL u~~ ~IVLY
The circuit is built on a seriea 155 IMS [possibly integrated magnetic cir- ~
cuitJ. In texms of design the IMS and communications cable socket are located '
on the panel of the VI computer control unit.
Description of the Coupling Circuit
In our description of the circuit we will use the terminology adopted in
documents [2, 3] without detailed comments. Before describing the coupling
circuit let us briefly explain the work of the VI control unit. The part
that interests us containe circuits for controlling printing aad controlling
the keyboard of the electric typewriter. .
A. The printer control circuit is designed to receive the codes of signs
from tfie central processor and control the printing mechanism of the type-
writer. The sign code goes from the central processor tfirough the computer
~ cliannel to the input of the data printing register. The code of the sign is
entered in the data printing register by thE signal "Output 66B" coming from
the control signal decoder. From the output of this register the code of
_ signs is transmitted through the decoder to the keys of the lines and columns. ~
The back end of the signal "Output 66B" triggers the printing time cycle
shaper. The rate ~f data output is'determined by the speed of the electric '
i
- typewriter. I
. B. The keyboard control c ircuit is designed to receive tfie code of signs ~
from the combiner of the typewriter, convert tfie codes of the registers,
and transmit the code to the central processor. The signal pulse SiI
launches a c ircuit that forms a strobing pulse which autfiorizes the uae of
permanent storage and enters the code in tfie keyboard data register; at this ~
time the TRKL V[expansion unlrnown; "KL" = keyboard] signal is formed. In
response to this signal the typewriter issues tfie signal '~Input 62V," which
_ opens the output gates of the keyboard data register, the signal "Input
- (52 + 62) N" switches on the transmitter, and the code of the symbol proceeds
to the central processor.
C. Figure 1 below shows the diagram for data output to the Videoton.-340
unit. The diagram shows fragments of the VI control unit circuit whose '
elements are numbered, for example RG-D17. The elements that are not num-
bered are part of the coupling circuit being described.
The code of t be sign is taken from the output of keyboard data register ~
D17 and f ed through a cable up to two meters long to the coupling panel of the
Videoton-340 in the "On Line" mode. In this mode the time cycle shaper of
typ~writer use and the permanent memory output units D13, D15, and D16 are
blocked. The time diagram of computer work ~rith the Videoton-340 ia de-
termined by the signals "DI~I" and "STRBI." Shaper "S" is used to adjust
the time diagram. It issues the signal "Request 66V" to the Videoton-340
for the delay time of signal "BMDI."
D. Figure 2 below shows the circuit for f eeding data from the d isplay to
the computer. The sign code from tfie output register of the Vid eoton-34 0
passes through the "OR wire" circuit formed by Il~S 155 LA8 on the coupling -
panel and the input units of permanent memory, to the input of keyboard data
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x vr~w ~ as,~
D. Ri r. ~
07d/d,D '
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~ � ~ /UA!/II~PW ~8~
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Figure 1
Rey: (a) To Key Control Circuit;
(b) Output 56V.
~R~4
otYr- 3i0 ~~IJ,DI!
D
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Di '
DMDO
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~ ~ r ~
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Figure 2
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~~v[~ vrcal.?nL vJC, vl\L~
register D6 and is recorded in it on signal "STRBO." The inputs of per-
manent memory and the mode switch are blocked in this case. The signal "DNIDU"
is taken from the output of RG-D6 and confirms receipt of the code of the key-
board data register. At the signal "Input 52V" the code of the sign passes
through the line shapers to the central processor.
E. To establish the "Stop Printing" mode contact No 4 MS15 on the VD-06
panel must be moved to plug A07 (socket SN8) and connected with contact V38
(socket SN10) . The computer and the display are conn~cted by 21 paired
cables.
F. Conclusion
This article has described the coupling of tbe Videoton-340 display with a
series-produced Elektronika-60 computer. The modification done on the panel -
of the VI control unit has absolutely no effect on the work of the computer
in the absence of one or two terminals. The simplicity of tfie circuit and
small number of elements used make it possible for any user of tfiis com-
puter to accomplish this coupling easily.
The authors express their gratitude to Marina Nikoiayevna Vykhodsteva and
Vladimir Ivanovich Pelipenko for detailed discussion of the question inves- ;
tigated in this article. ~
~
B IB'LIOGRAPHY
1. Vykhodtseva, M. N., and Pelipenko, V. I., "Use of the Videoton-340 Dis-
play as an Operator's Console for the Elektronika-60 Microcomputer,"
Preprint FIAN, 1979. ~
2. "The Elektronika-60-15VB-6 Electronic Computing Machine. Technical
Description," Production Research Department of the Eletronika Central
Scientific Research Institute, 1977.
3. "The Videoton-340 Type Display. Technical Description," Computer Tech-
nology Plant, Budapest, 1.978.
COPYRIGHT: Institut optiki atmosfery TF SO AN SSSR, 1979
[61-11176]
11,176
CSO: 1863
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vnc 681.39s32?�8
CONSTRUGTION OF A COMMtJNICATI0N5 PROCE.SSOR FOR A t+iODELING COMPLEX
i Kiev UPRAVLYAYUSHCHIYE SIS'TEMY I MASHINY in Russian No 5, 1980 pp 25-28
II [Article by 0. A. Kondakov, L. N. Ma,tveyeva~ 0. M. Oma.rov, T. E. Temirkhanov~ and
V, M. Khachumov, of Da~estan Polytechnic Institute~ Makha.chkala]
[Excerpts~ rhe problem of information communication betKeen man and computer,
I between various computers of a svstem or between computers and peripherals of vari-
aus kinds is aaquiring paramount importance. This has a substantial influence on
the effectiveness of productivity of system processors.
One possible approach to solution of the problem is the creation of communica,tions
processors which assure performaxice of the following task s[1.2~s
--loca.l processi.ng and stora.ge of information;
--creation of the possibility of flexible and econc,mical coupling with data input
devices;
--bringing computer ca.pacities closer to the users;
--reduction of the currently high cost of communirations through the concentration
of data.
Presented below is one of the possible solutions of the question of commun:.ca.tion
proces~,or construction~ one recommended by the authors for intra?uction into an
ana,log-digital computer complex consisting of a number of di~ita.l and analog com-
putex~s and in+ended for siIICUlatin~; complex dyna,mic objects in real time.
Communication processor technical data
I ~ Di~it capa,city of da.ta processing traak and exchange
in communica.tions module 16 + 1 control
Di~it capa.city of short instructions 16 bits
Di~it capa.city of long instructions 32 bits

; Place of arrangement of instructions (the instructions list
includes instructions of operations between registers~
instructions for ~he control and switching of states and
instructions for transitions) main memory field �
Number of general-purpose re~isters 16
Number of special-purpose re~isters 16
Ma.ximum number of switched communica,tion modules 8
a 9
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4-
Number of directions in communication modules, direct and reverse up to 611-
Number of subscril~ers connected to direct access channels up to 256
Addressable ma.in..me~nory field 64K 16-digit words
Ma,in memory field capacity 4~{ 16-digit words
The communications processor is made with K133 integrated micro~ircuits.
COPYRIGHTs IZDATEL'STVO "NAUKCVA IRT~CA"
"UPRAVLYAYUSHCHIYE SISPEMY I M~,SHINY~~ ,1980
[ 54-2174~
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' PLOTTFR AND DISPLAY SPECIFICATIONS
Moscow IZMERENIYA, KONTROL', AVToMATIZATSIYA in Russian No 9-10, 1980 pp 54-61
I
~ [Tables from the article by Candidate of the Engineering Sciences V.P. Mikheyev
i and Bngineer P.I. Savostin: "Graphical Information Documentation Devices"]
~
[Excerpt] Table 1. Characteristics of Electromechanical Plotters
Model, Companq, Nation Size of the Working Unit Precision (Ite- Drawing
Field, ~ Step, u~e grodueeability) ~Speed
� um m/min
~ Plane Table Plotters
8446, 8448, Axisto, FRG From 1200 x 1200 to 30 150 From 2.5
3000 x 3000 to 4
Coradomat 21, Coradi AG, 1300 x 1600 40 100 -
Switzerland
Z-92, Zuse, FRG From 1200 x 1400 to 50 100 6.6-13.2
2000 x 7800
500, 7000, Calcomp, U.S. Fram 700 x 860 to 12.5-250 150 300-2600
1200 x 1830 steps per sec
1200, Xynetics, U.S. 1450 x 2260 25 130 60
32, 33, Gerb er Scientific 1220 x 1220 - 23; 12 From 1.5 to
Instruments, U.S. 610 x 610 5
YeS 7051, USSR 1090 x 1200 25 150 0.5
IIrI703, USSR 1200 x 1200 - 50 5.5
; EM712, USSR 700 x 1200 100 100 10
I Roller Plotters
- 121, Benson, France 740 x 100,000 100 100 5.4
1934/6, Calcomp, U.S. 735 x 36,000 12.5 - 6
YeS7032, USSR 420 x 80,000 50; 100 200 2
YeM711, USSR 420 x 40,000 100 100 10
' 11
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Table 1. [Continued]:
Model, Campany, Nation Size of the Working Unit Precision (Re- Drawing
Field, mm Step, um produceability) Speed
' r � um m min -
Photoplotters (Image Generators)
745, 728, CaYifornia 1100 x 1500 12.5 25 (10.0) _
Camputer Products, U.S. 500 x 500 12.5 30
Superior Electric, U.S. 300 x 450 2.5 0.25 (0.12) -
LSI 6I0, Optomechanisms, U.S. 100 x 100 - ~.5 (0.25) - _
EM549, USSR 140 x 140 - 0.5 (0.3) -
EM519B, USSR 80 x 80 - 2.0 (1.0) -
Table 2. Characteristics of CRT Graphic Displays
Model, Campany, Nation Film Width (Size Resolving Speed ~
of the Working Field) Power ,
mm lines/mm i
YeS-7602, Robotron, GDR 16 35 105 char/sec f
MAS-90, Magen, Great Britain 16, 35 80 75 fratnes/min
300, Benson, France 16, 35 6,700 2�105 points/sec
lines/raster -
"Foton", USSR (24 x 18) 80 30 usec
"Karat", USSR (24 x 18) Up to 100 105 points/sec ~
COPYRIGHT: Tsentral'nyy nauchno-issledovatel'skiy institut informatsii i '
tekhniko-ekonomicheskikh isslecovaniy priborostroyeniya, sredstv
avtomatsizatsii i sistem upravleniya (TsNIITEIpriborostroyeniya), 1980
[58-8225]
8225
CSO: 1863
12 ,
FOR UFFICIAL USE ONLY
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VK-1010 RELIABILITY
Moscow VYCHISLITEL'NYYE SISTEMY in Russian 1980 p 191
~
i [Excerpt from book by Ivan Vasil'yevich Panfilov and Anatoliy Mikhaylovich Polovko,
Izdatel'stvo "Sovetskoye Radio", 8000 copies, 304 pages]
[Excerpt] It is necessary to compute the quantitative characteristics of the
reliability, readiness and technical efficiency of the computing complex a diagram
for the calculartion of whose reliability is presented in fig 11, where the follow-
ing symbols are used: 1 and 2 represent the processor, magnetic tape storage units ~
and input/output units of the first and second computers, respectively; 3 and 4
represent the external magnetic disk storage; and 5 and 6 represent the external
magnetic tape storage. With certain assumptions it is possible to reduce to this
diagram the functioning of the VR-1010 com~puting complex, constructed on the basis
of two type YeS-1030 digital computers (a description of this complex is given in
the book "Elektronnaya vychislitel'naya mashina YeS-1030" [The YeS-1030 Computer]
edited by A.M. Larionov, Moscow, Statistika, 1977).
1~.. ~>,l~~ ~z.f~z ~3.as - .
> 3 5
z 4 6
Figure 7.11. Structural Diagram of Cosaputing Complex
Key:
1. a= failure rate and u= restoration rate
Values of the failure and restoration rates of calculation elements are summarized
in table 7.1. `
~
13
FpR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
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Table 7.1.
Number of calculation 1 and 2 3 and 4 5 and 6
element
a~ h_i g�10 3 4.6�10-3 2.2�10 3
u~ h 1 1 1
COPYRTGHT: Izdatel'stvo "Sovetskoye radio~~~ 1980
[77-8831]
.
8831
CSO: 1863
14
FpR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
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' FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
UDC 681.326.7
INTERFACING VIDEOTON- 340 DISPLAYS TO Ti~ BESM-6 COMPUTER AT A TRANSMISSION
~ RATE OF 1,200 BAUDS
Ii Moscow ALGORITMICHESRIYE MODELI V AVTOMATIZATSII ISSLEDOVANIY in Russ3an 1980
' signed to press 27 Jun 80 pp 235-240
~
~ [Article by G.A. Serdukov in the book edited by Doctor of the Engineering
Sciences Professor V.M. Ponamarev, ~Edatel'stvo "Nauka",3;950 copies, 255 pages]
~
[Text] The design of collective use systems which provide for user access to
the canputer capacities through terminals makes it possible to increase the
efficiency of users' working with algorithmic models.
A Videoton-340 (Hungary) display can be used as a terminal for the BESM-6
computer; this display has high reliability, low noise in operation, a high
data exchange rate with the co~mputer (up to 1,200 bauds) and considerable
capabilities for data editing. The interfacing of the Videoton-340 with such
an interchange rate to the BESM-6 computer makes it possible to maximally
utilize the terminal. At the present time, a variant for interfacing via a
teleg~aph channel using external synchronization has became rather widespread.
It should be noted that this method cannot called the best one, since the
Videoton-340 display was designed for asynchronous operation. Aowever, the
comparatively simple circuit design using external synchron~Gzation, which does
not entail considerable reworking in the BESM-6 computer and which can be
accamplished by any organization, undoubtedly has an advantage over other
I interf ace variants.
~ The article published in the collection "New Hardware for the BESM-6"* was taken
' as the basis of the design for the circuit to interface the Videoton-340 to the
BESM-6 at a speed of 1,200 bauds. The basis for the design is the principle of
*
Lopatnikova T.M., Mikhaylov G.M., Sychkov Yu.A., "Interfacing Videoton-340 Type
Displays to the BESM-6 Camputer", in the book "Navyye Sredstva Apparatnogo
Obespecheniya BESM-6" ["New Hardware for the BESM-6"], Moscaw, Camputer Center
of the USSR Academy of Sciences, 1976.
15
FOR OFF'[C[AL USE ONLY
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_ . - -
~q~ gatee
HE
C 6rB
NE ~ ~4) '
A~M~o
Ncqa,r r ~
(1 ~ im?'J~JW/.~' { ; .
~rm~7/ t e 6~- (10) ~12)
~r~~p~~,. e~ ~
~2 R 5 ~ 13 ~B N c~ 5, .
(6)sar (9) On ~ & i�p~p~
v.~cnot%ru ~ A' . oR (16)
(3). yy � '
P!l,41 (8) ~r ,
(7) y ~ +
B CN/Yl-J40
-l1BOr 6CN
- ,200 Hz ~18)
~17)
i
Figure 1. I
I
Key: ;
1. Data from tae VT-340 to the computer (fram the BST) [not further defined]; �
Data fram the computer to the VT-340 (fraa? the IIST) [not further defined] ; ,
3. Fram the W rack [not further def ined ' �
4. BGV [Videoton readiness unit];
5. BVG [unit for turning on the generator];
6. UOG [not further defined];
7. RPD1 [not further defined];
8. ZG [?master oscillator?];
9, Query signal;
10. Generator on signal; ~
11. U [not further defined];
12. Videoton readiness signal; '
13. UG [not further defined];
14. G [not further defined];
15. SP [?interrupt signal?];
16. To the 19th digit of the GRT [main interrup register];
17. Pulse synchronization unit;
18. Sync pulses to the VT-340.
* * * ,
common synchronous operation of all channels with the output of codes from the ~
Videoton, as a result of~which, data can be received in the BESM-6 simultaneously
from all displays connected to the telegraph channels. The synchronizing signals
are generated in this case by an external generator, which is synchronized with ~
16
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY '
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FOR OFFlCIAL USE ONLY
the central processor of the BESM-6 through a system of interrupts. The 19th
digit is singled out in the main interrupt register (GRP) for operation with ,
the channels of the Videotons. The principle of synchronous operation imposes
the condition of external forced synchronization on the operation of the tele-
graph interface of each Videoton in the code output mode, while the code receive
circuit fram the channels is designed in each device taking into account the
asynchronous operation of the channel.
-
14 mfllisec,
2~c lf~~C
~1~ on
r
- (2) N~~
(3~ a~ .
'
~4~ s~
(s ) e~9o~~ ~ ~ ~
I
I
Figure 2.
i
~ Key: 1. Query signal;
i 2. Data signal;
; 3. VG [?Videoton readiness?];
~ 4. UG [not further defined];
i 5. To the 19th digit of the main interrupt register.
i
i
, When the Videoton is interfaced using this variant, the data transmission
~ speed when working with the Videoton is governed by the frequency of the
I external generator and has been chosen as 250 bauds.
As a result of the tests which have been conducted in the LNIVTs of the USSR
Academy of Sciences, this circuit remains operable at a transmit rate of
1,200 bauds also. However, when operating in the on-line mode, when the
interrupts are fed to the 19th digit of the GRP at a frequency of 1,200 Hz,
regardless of whether there is data for interchange between the Videoton and
the BESM-6 or not, the camputer goes over to the data exchange program between
the camputer and the telegraph channels at a frequen~y of 1,200 Hz. As a result,
the processor time losses amount to 15 percent.
17
FOR OFFIC[AL USE ONLY -
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APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007102/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000300080029-9
~ v~ ~ ~~.~.~ar v?u JI~v~ .
1
. . . i
- _ ~'~1~. . . _ . .
8 Q h6 .
~l~ ~ ~ n L~1t~~1 ~ n n n n n
(2) o~ Cs~,:,~ar
_ ~
c3, n n n vr-----~ _ .
~4~ 0~9p~Pn ce n ~
`:~I_1.~~
~3~ . 833 nticroaec, �
~p c13) (ib)
~kicwTa6xposat~e ~ 9 ~ 06c~saxHe rear~~TO-
~'�Ha (14 )
OTpxcoBxa Aaxx~x s adco~arrx~x Odc.ny~eaxyce
KOOpJ~HQTAX s B uPRp~e~ TeJIBT&~Ila (15 )
(1~~ ,
` Figure 2. Structure of special software. ~
Key: ~
l. INPUT-2 registration 10. Depiction of data in absolute coordi- i
2. GRAPH-2 data output nates and in increments
3. SD-1 energy statistical analysis 11. Floating arithmetic ;
4. SP~CTRUM-1 power spectrum 12. Elementary functions +
S. Applied programs 13. Transformation of data formats ~
6. Graph plotter servicing 14. Tape recorder servicing
7. Interpolator 15. Teletype servicing
8, Coordir ate axes 16. Library of modules _
9. 5cnling -
t,
s
r
~ S ~
I~i~;ure 3. Lxnmple of recording of microseisms from a bottomset station.
rigure~ 5 represents a section of the energy analysis of a recording from a bottom-
aet atation, which makes ir possible to visualize temporal changes in the level of
' microseisms (in the 2-80 [~Iz frequency range). Figure 6 shows a typical power spec-
trum from a bottomset station, on a linear level scale. On the recording it is -
possib;.e to distinguish the harmonic interference from the motor of the bottomset
- 79
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
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FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
, 0. 5 .s , t,s
Figure 4. Example of recording of microseisms by a hydrophone.
21 00 S _J
Fi gure 5. Temporal change in microseism power. ~
~,o
0,8
0,6
Q4
aZ
~
,
~ 8+2 ~b ~y a8 32 36 4 0 44 y8 :
Fi~ure 6. Power spectrum of bottomset station recording.
- 80
FOR nFFTC1AT, i1SF ~NT,Y
�
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l ~ ' _ - - - - - ;
~
~
k~~Ch{-6 B3CM-6 B3CM-6 EC�-I050
I II ~ 1 ~2)
i~ ~
~
Ko?~raTOp
sxeu~tett
Jrxcx.~ naMxT$ '
~3) ~ (4) ;
HP - 2000 EopTOSOA ~
( S ) rep~xan ;
t.sz-a ~6) i
I
I
Figure 7. Diagram of on-board measuring system's communication with the complex ~
of large computers at VTs SO AN SSSR's GP. ,
Key: ~
1. lli gfi-speed BESM-6 computer No 4. External memory commutator
2. Ye~-1050 computer S. NR-2000
3. Disks 6. LSI-2 on-board terminal
= staton's tape-drive mechanism (at frequencies of 30-32 Hz). The absence of spec- ~
tral components at frequencies above 60 Hz is evidence of the correct choice of the ~
signal discretization frequency and its suitability for further processi.ng. Men-
tion should be made of the presence on the recording of the 2-Hz spectral line,
which is we11 known in continental research and the origins of which have been dis- ;
cussed repeatedly by European seismologists (see /1-37).
One characteristic feature of the on-board computer system that has been developed _
is the communicability of the infonnation stored on magnetic tape with the complex !
of large computers at VTs SO AN SSSR's CP (see rigure 7). Essentially, the trans-
- n~ission channel for the information on L-he magnetic tapes can be regarded as a mod-
e1 of a telemetric conununication channel. Putting this channel into operation ,
makes it possible to test large data processing programs on real experimental ma- ;
terinl.
In conclusion, the authors wish to express their gratitude to Chief Engineer N.V. ~
Kul'kov of VTs SO AN SSSR for his comprehensive collaboration in the development of
the system and his suggestion that the LSI-2 computer be used in it. _
81 ~
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' FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. Pirhonen, S.E., and Luosto, U., "Spectral Observations on Artificial Seismic
Noise in Southern Finland," PUBL. INST. GEOPHYS. POL. ACAD. SC., 1977A-5(116),
- pp 35-44.
2. Hjortenberg, E., "Monochromatic Components of the Seismic Noise in the 1-3 Hz
Band," PUBL. INST. GEOPHYS. POL. ACAD. SC., 1977A-5(116), pp 21-23.
3. Plesinger, A., and Wielandt, E., "Seismic Noise at 2 Hz in Europe," J. GEOPHYS.,
Vol 40, 1974, pp 131-136.
COPYRIGHT: VYCHISLITEL'NYY TsENTR SO AN SSSR
' /67-11746/
I 11746
~ CSO: 1863
i
I
~
82
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
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UDC 551.1:550.34
EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH IN THE DISCRIMINATIOIv OF WEAK SEISMIC SIGNALS IN TERRESTRIAL
VIBRATION RADIOSCOPY PROBLEMS, UTILIZING THE NR-2100 COMPUTER
Novosibirsk PROBLEMY VIBROSEYSMICHESKIKH METODQV ISSLEDOVANIYA in Russian 1979 pp
123-129 ~
~
/Excerpts from article by A.S. Alekseyev, A.T. Gorbachev, B.V. Boshenyatov, B.M. ,
Glinskiy, M.S. Khayretdinov, M.N. Shorokhov and V.M. Chupin/
[ExcerptJ The system consists of two basic units: a stationary unit (located near i
the compressor) for transmitting the reference signal over the radio channel, and a ~
movable unit mounted on a GAZ-66 truck.
I
The stationary unit contains: a seismic sensor (BEGIK); a filter tuned to the fre-
quency 2.08 Hz; a reference signal shaper, which consists of multiplication cir-
cuits (50 Hz x 64) and a"tie in" to the seismic signal's phase, as well as a di-
vider at the outlet of which a signal with a frequency of 2.08 Hz is formed. The ~
reference signal is emitted with the help of a"Polosa-2M" radio transmitCer; in
connection with this, the signal is preliminarily modulated by a frequency of 2 kHz.
The movable unit contains: equipment for recording seismic signals with entry in
an ASS-ZM ("Cherepakha") analog seismic station; an analog synchronous storage unit
of the series type, with output of the results to a KSP-4 automatic recordex; a _
"Zond-I" digital storage unit. The movable unit also has a three-component SK-IP ;
sensor and a narrow-band filter tuned to the frequency of the seismic signal emit-
ted by the compressor. In addition to this, the movable unit contains a receiver
to pick up signals from the "Polosa-2M" radio and a device for distinguishing syn- ,
chronous impulses arriving over the radio chanreel.
The system makes it possible, under field conditions, not only to record seismic
information, but also to process it in real time.
The subsequent processing of the recorded signals is carried out by a seismic sig-
nal input and processing complex consisting of an MT5528 magnetic recorder, a se-
lective vottmeter with a variable frequency, a channel for the simultaneous input
of four signals into an NR-2100 computer, and a plotter for depicting the results
of the processing in graphic form.
- The sysCems described were used to record the seismic field at different distances
from an industrial source. The use of the field system made it possible to realize
the algorithm for the noncoherent storage of signals o~ a real time scale.
83
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The NR-2100 computer was used to realize algorithms for the cross-correlation meth-
od of distinguishing weak vibration signals against a background of interference,
to conduct a spectral analysis of microseisms, and for the narrow-band, noncoherent
storage of weak vibration signals and ~he spectral analysis of seismic signals with
super resolution. The results o.f the investigations are described in several arti-
Gles in this collection and in the preliminary report /2
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. Alekseyev, A.S., et al., "Seismic Holography and Photography: Working Methods
and Results," in "Problemy vibratsionnogo prosvechivaniya Zemli" /Problems in
Vibration Radioscogy of the Earth7, Moscow, Izdatel'stvo Nauka, 1977, pp 32-53.
2. "Registratsiya i obrabotka vibroseysmicheskikh signalov i mikroseysm na osnove
EVM (Otchet)" /Recording and Processing_of Vibroseismic Signals and Microseisms,
Based on the Use of a Computer (Report)/, Novosibirsk, Computer Center, Siberian
Branch, USSR Academy of Sciences, 1979, 120 pp.
COPYRIGHT: VYCHISLITEL'NYY TsENTR SO AN SSSR
/67-11746%
11746
CSO: 1863
84
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLy ~
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APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007102/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000300080029-9
UDC 681.324
- NETWORK ARCHITECTURE OF COLLECTIVE-USE COMPUTER CENTERS
Riga AVTOMATTKA I VYCHISLITEL'NA'YA TEKEINIRA in Russian No 6, 1980 pp 3-13
[Article by E.A. Yakubaytis] ,
[Excerpts] Multi-console terminal systems are created most easily by using SM `
series minicomputers, and single-console by using microcomputers of the ELEKTRONIKA
type. Together with these, for the purpose of,i_mplementing terminal systems can
- also be used minicomputers produced abroad, e.g., the YeS-1010, the Hewlett Packard i
1000, the Wang 220U, etc. ~
At the Latvian SSR Academy of Sciences Institute of Electronics and Computer Tech- i
nology has been created a communications system whose functioning satisfies the
requirements of MKKTT [International Consultative Committee for Telegraphy and
Telephony] Recommendation X.25. The ^enter of this complex is an SM-3 or SM-4
minicomputer. To the common line of this minicomputer are connected microcomputers ,
whose structure is illustrated in fig 8. The K 580 processor of the IK 80 micro-
computer makes it possible to execute simple co~ands in 2.5 microseconds and
operates with six levels of assignment priorities. The reprogrammable read-only
memory and dirert-access memory nave a capacity of 64 K bytes. The carrying capa- ~
city of the line is 400 K bytes per second.
The microcomputer's bit-oriented controller makes it possible to link it with the
BITKANAL [bit channel], and byte-oriented with the BAYTKANAL [byte channel]. To
each of these controllers is connected a standard modem (48 K byte capacity) or
a specially created data transmission unit making it possible to operate through a ;
direct channel (two pairs of lines for a duplex or one pair for a semi-auplex) at
speeds of up to 250 K bits per second. The commnon line controller makes it possible ,
to link the microcamputer with an SM-3 or SM-4 minicomputer. The operator console's
controller makes it possible to connect equipment required for debugging the micro-
computer's programs. The latter are entered from a cassette tape recorder con-
nected to the microcomputer by means of an appropriate controller, or from the
memory of an SM-3, as well as an SM-4, minicomputer.
Bibliography
I, Yakubaytis, E.A. "Arkhitektura vychislitel'nykh setey" [Architecture of
Computer Networks], Moscow, Statistika, 1980, 320 pages.
85 ~
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2. "Reference ~ode]. oR Open Sy~st~va xutexGOnnecx~:on ('Vexs#,on 4 as o~ .lune 7.979)
TSO/TC 97~SC 16, ].979, N 227, 1,87, pages.
3. "CCITT S3,xth Plenax}r Assembly, GeneVa, 27 Septewbex ~ 8 October 1976, Orange
Book, Vol 9TZI, 2, Pub11c Data Networks," Geneva, 1977, 211 pages.
4. "DPS-25. Packet Sw3tching System," (advertising prospectus of the French SESA
firm), 1979, 20 pages.
CdPYRIGHT: Izdatel'stvo "Zinatne "Avtomatika i vychislitel'napa tekhaika", 1980
[70-8831)
8831
~ CSO: 1863
;
`
I
~
~
~
~
~
I
I ~
I
I
~
~
~
i
I
i
I
I
i
~
~
i � -
I'
86
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unc 68i.3z7.8 .
DATA TRANSMISSION MUI,TIPZEXORS
Moscow MUL'TIPLEKSORY PEftIDACHZ DANNYxH in Russian 1980 PP 2-5
[Annotation and foreword from book by A. I. Korchinskiy, A. F. Bulychev~ A. R.
Golubtsov~ et al. V. S. La.pin (deceased) and A. I. xorchinskiy~ editors~
Energiya, 160 pages~
[T ext~ The basic principles of the organization and construction of data trans-
mission multiplexors (I~D--nniltipleksor peredachi d.annykh) axe presented. Distinc- i
- tive features of microprograamed control and its realization in a multiplexor are
examined. A description is given of existing miltiplexors and the prospects of I�
their development are revieWed. The place and role of aultiplexors in ASU con- ;
struction are shoKn.
The book is intended for engineering~ technical and scientific workers engaged. in ,
the development of computer hardirare and also instructors and students of the cor-
responding specialties.
Foreword ~
The task of flirther development and increase of the effectiveness of ASU and com-
puter systems~ the creation of the State Data Collection and Processing System for
accounting~ plarming and aianagexeat.and the creation of shared multicoaputer cen-
ters and data transniission and remote processing systems and netWOrks and computer .
networks require rrith special urgency the assurance of the coupling of computer '
hardrrare xith com~aunication channels a.nd networks~ r?ith organization of the access
of distant users to computers. This advances the task of connecting computer cen-
ters Kithin the limits of a single and different autonated data processing systema.
The question of the creation and development of devices for coupling computers with
comn~uYiication channels became urgent Khen computers began to be used as the con-
troliing link in data transmissio:i and renote processing systems. Computers which
included coupling devices appeared. Later~ jrith the development of computer hard-
Ha.re, coupling devices ~+ere separated t~ox the coaputer. Iiowever, such devices
ha,ve not found Wide applica.tion because of their specific fl~nctions and the impos-
sibility of using them in other systems. There nar az~e caupling units of a nex
generation--multiplexors fo.r data transsission (IKPD), xhich assure the creation of
automated data. processing systens.
The first 5oviet series-produced multiplexors appeared as parts of Ye5 computer
hardxare. They included. the MPD-lA, MP'D-2 and MPA-3 multiplexors.
87 ,
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FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY -
The development of coa~puter coupling devices is noFr becoaing an indepandent direc-
tion of developaent of computer hardxare. Xultiplexors, xhich cbtained their start
in simple cwpling devices, are acquiring a nex quality xh~ch consists in the
expansion of their fluici:ions connected xith the partial processing of transmitted
inforeiation. Progra~ned MPD's and coupled processors are becoming aore and more
rridespread in the creation of auto~ated data processing systems.
The present book is devoted to the exaaiination of the principles of construction of
~ultiplexors and the clariflcation of proble~s in their develop~ent.
With consideration of the requiresents of the mass user of Ye5 computers~ a consid-
erable portion of the materiai is devoted to YeS coaputer multiplexors. I~aterial
on the model YeS-8402 programma.ble MPD also is widely representec~ in the bodc.
The book consists of three chapters.
Chapter 1 contains an ana.lysis of the princip~l flinctions and distinctive features
of the use of t~D's~ their role and place in the ASU~ the ina"luence of information
- floKS on MPD selection. ThE~ prospects of the develop~ent and use of I~D's are
shoKn. Coupling processors are examined as a nex direction in coupling develop-
ntent. T he naterial of this chapter reveals the problems Which must be solved in -
-:.n ASU in selecting coupling devices. ~
Chapter 2 is devoted to consideration of inethods of organizing MPD construction
' and its coupling xi1;h a computer and subscribers. Problems in the organizatibn '
of n~ethods of access and protec;tion during data transmission a.nd the organization
of priorities are discussed and approximate recommenta,tions axe developed.
Chapter 3 presents the basic principles of MPD construction and a general classi-
fication of then. The principles of synchronaus and asynchronous control in MPD's -
are exami~ned. Distinctive features of P~PD's with circuit and microprogram~control
are shoxn. The material of the chapter can help the reader clari~r distinctive -
, and specific features of the principles of I~D construction.
Chapter 4 contains a brief ~urvey of the S rnriet MPD-lA, MPD-2 and MPD-3 multiplex-
' ors. The principles of the apparatus realization of MPD's are examined in the
' , chapter, and an algorith for their ftinctioning is presented. Distinctive features
, of the application of the MPD-U, !~'D-2 and I~D-3 are shown.
In Chapter 5 the principles of the organization and construction of a programmed
MPD are examined, its architecturo is given and distinctive features of the control
unit of a programmed MPD are revieWed.
Specialists in computer technology, comaunications technology, data transniission
and the planning of data transmission systems. including ASU and shaxecl multicom-
puter centers~ xill find necessary practical material in the bodt. In xriting the
book the authors also took into consideration users who work xith remote dafa pro-
cessing and transmission equipment.
The intrc=~uction, Chapter. 1(except section 1-4) and Chapter 2, section 4-1 were
irritten by A. F. Bulychev~ Chapter 3 by A. I. Korchinskiy and A. F. Bulychev~ Chap-
ter 4(except sections 4-1 and u-7) by V. I. Utkin and V. S. Lapin (deceased)~
sections 1-4 a.nd 4-7 by A. I. Filatov, and Chapter 5 by A. I. K orchinskiy~ A. F.
Bulychev and A. P. Golubtsov.
COPYRIGHT: Izdatel'stvo "Fner~iya", 1980 `
~ ~~'~74~ s~
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unc 62-5z:b8i.3.06.4~
~'ORMS OF DATA REPRESEN"~ATZON ON COI,OR VIDEQ TERMINAL SCREENS ~
K iev UPRAVLXAYUSHCHIYE SISTEMY I MASHINY in Russian No 5, 1980 pp 28-29
[Article by N. V. Rzhenkovskiy, senior scientific associate~ Za.porozh'ye branch,
All Union 5cientific Research and Design Inst~tute "Tsvetmetavtomatika"~
~Text~ Video terminals with color screens are now in a state of intensive develop-
- ment and introduction in automa.ted disgatcher control systems. They assure very
complete con~act of man and computer thas~ks to the vaxied transmitted informa.tion
(color~ graphic and textual). Such conta.ct is necessary in complex control systems
warkir,g in real time to increa.se the effectiveness of ma,n-computer interaction and ;
- reduce the probability of erroneaus actions of the systea operator [1~. ,
The gossibilities of color graphic displays and vaxious forms of data representa-
- tion on them are fairly well knorm [2]. Hoxever, in practice work with a display
- is tiresome for man because of the laxge volume of visual informa.tion. Therefore ,
~he ma.in factor in the creation of neK forms of data. ~~representation axe their
configuration and the clearness and field of vision of the representation.
Proposed as one of the ways to achieve tha.t goal is the formation of an image on a ,
screen in the form of mnemonic diagrams, wtiich permit combining the mnemonic dia-
gram of a technologic~.l process with the necessary paxameters of the object of
control. A mnemonic diagram represents a stylized image of controlled equipment ;
- grouped according to certain flinctionaZ criteria. to ~rhich the graphic representa-
tion of the regimes and parameters of the technological pr^cess have been reduced
in position. :
On pa.ge 3 of the booklet, at the top, is an example of a summary mnemonic diagram '
- of technological processes of the electrolysis of ineta1 (the values of the para-
meters are presented provisionally). The form o~ the ba.sic elements of the given
m.nemonic dia.gram represents a horizontal line-- a base xhich provisionally desig-
nates a group of technological equipment on which deviations of the controlled
pa,rameters from the nondnal values (upxard from the ba.se) and the working con-
ditions of the equipment (downward from the base) are depicted by vertical vectors.
~ The vectors are loca~ized in definite positions of the base correspondin~ to spe-
cific units of the technological equipment.
On each such unit of equipmento as a rule, a group of parameters is monitored~ but
to preserve the factor of visibilitx only one factor pf the group which has a
maacimum deviation from the na~a`.is .i~?dis:a~t.ed�
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The indica.tion is done in relative units of the range of regulatory values~ limited
to elements of the mnemonic diat.,~ram by a horizontal se~ment set above the base.
The ba,~ic color of indica.tion is green. In the case of deviation of a parameter
from the norm the portion of the vector cha.racter.izing emergency values is indicated
rrithred li~;ht. From the moment an emergency situation appears a~lim.~er of the red
part of the vector.-pa,rameter occurs before :.~cknowled~;ment of receipt of information
by the operator.
Vector re~;imes display color informa.tion about certain sta.tes of the teehnological
equipment in the time scale. On the cited mnemonic dia~,ra.m the green color desig-
nates the metal selection regime~ blue color the correction of the electrolyte com-
position and white the disconnected electrolyzer.
To reveal generalized information of the survey mnemonic d.~agram, fragment mnemonic
dia~rams with a different de~ree of detailing axe used.. An example is the
! mnemonic diagram or a~roup of electrolyzers on which informa.tion about one group
~ of the technological equipment is given in deta.il {see page 3 of the booklet, photo
i in the lower left).
I -
Presented on the g~vem m~emonic diagram are the numbers of the electrolyzers~ the
~ scale dimensions~ the fi~uures of pa.rameters with emergency values~ conventional
, ~ymbols and some additiona,l informa.tion about the technological process.
Besides problems in representation of information about the state of a technological
i ob ject of control, in autorua~ed systems ba.sed on computer hardware a need arises
for monitorin~ the fllnctionin~ of a hardware complex. Such nonitoring can be done
' by means of the mnemonic dia~;ram presented in the same place ~ on pa,~e 3 of the
i t. w ri ht. On that mnemonic dia ra,m the com lex of
booklet, the pho_o in the lo er ~ g P
the automa,ted system for control of technological processes of an electrolyzer is
I depci+,ed as an example. The information~~of the mnemonic diagram is divided into
j two parts correspond.in~; to shop sections.
I Mnemonic dia~ram elements are the markers designa.ting by position the mon',.tored
~ devices, with color infornation about their working conditionsi
i
~ yellow +he state of ~h.~ "warm reserve"
~rrhite disconnect.ed equipment
blue the work of equipment wi ~h defects
red inoperative equip;nent
~;reen normal ~nctionin~
~ or the purpose o� inforriatiun o.rderin~; on a screen the indica.tion of a11 equipment
of the sa.me type for a measured pa.rameter (temperature~ for exa.mple~ is ma.de in the
form of a two-dimensional array oi markers.
- Side by side witn ~;ivinF; details of information~ a mnemonic diagram also conta,ins
- survey information (oiitlined scctions on the r.ight side of the screen~ on the
funci;ionin~ of sensors and correspanding ha.rdware. ~'he survey information is also
arran~;ed in the form of siMilar sections on technological mnemonic diagrams and
represents an inteE;rated estimate of the workin~ ca,pa,city of monitored. equipment.
~ach element of the survey sections characterizes a gxoup of similar devices in a
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cross-section of the measured parameters. The dedones~riCth theef llowingtpriority:
arid therefore the indication of ~roup markers is
1 disconnected equipment
2 inoperative equipment
3 work ~rith failures
4 norma.l work
The presence of survey information on the fluictionin~ of a haxdwaxe complex on _
technolor~ica,l mnemonic der~~~st~robjectspof controlm~whichiis especiallyiimporty
of the values of parame
tant in emergency situations.
The described method of informa.tion repr: sentation is the basis of the automa.ted
system for the control of technological processes develInsdituteh'"Psve~metavto- ~
branch of the All-Union 3cier_ti.fic ?esearch and Design
ma,tika" for the electrolysis shop of one of the enterprises of the sector. The
automated. system is constructed on the basis of an SM computer Kith an A~3-11
color graphic termina.l [3~ �
mhe applica.tion of the proposed forms of representation in the form of display on ~
s is a.dvisable above all in i
video terminals in the form of color mnemonic dia~'am
automated systems for dispa.tcher control of technhe~ti elreruiredefor IanalylisPof y
mit the user of a system to considerably reduce forms ofqits representation~
informa.tion in cumpa~he~nualit o.f interaction with the computer.
and also increasin~ q Y
BIBLIOGRAPFiY
1. CherednichenI:o~ N. F. ~ Tkachenko~ G. D. , et ~ube.DeUSiM,f 1978~SNoaS~~PP 129-132�
patcher_ informa.tion on a color cathode ray
2. Soloveychik~ I. Ye. Displei v siste ~h s~eS�~~{splays in Systems with
Computers). Sovetskoye radio~ lq'j9~
3 Tsvetnoy graficheskiy terminal A~3-11. Arkhitekturnoye opisaniye (The ,
~ 11 Color ~.~raPhic Termina.l. Architectural Description) . Severodovetsk,
A 5~3- "
NIIUVM, 1979~ 26 P~es. ,
COPYRI"~HTs IZDAT~'STVO "NAUKOVA ~UMKA"
"UPRAVLYAYUSHCHIY'~ SISI'EMY I MASHINY~~ 1980
~ 5~-z17~1
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AUTOMATED DESIGN FOR METAL CONSTRUCTION ELEMI:NTS BRINGS SAVINGS
Moscow VESTNIK AKADEMII NAUR SSSR in Russian No 10, 1980 pp 42-53
_ [Article by A,cademician N. P. Mel'niknv and Doctor of Technical 5ciences
G. A. Ge~erling: "System for Aut~mating the Design of Steel Construction
Elements"]
[Excerpts] Intensive capital construction in the USSR entails a constant
increase in the use of steel construction elements. A signif icant share of
them are manufactured on the basis of designs developed at
Soyuzmetallostroyniiproyekt [possibly USSR Scientific Research and Planning
Institute of Use oi Metal in CoristavctionJ and its fiead institute, TsNIIPSK
[Central Scientific Research and Planning Institute of Steel Construction
Elements]. Work in the area of improving the efficiency of inetal use in
construction pursues both improvements in the grades of steel and assort-
ment of rolle~ products used in conetruction and fundamentally new, pro-
gressive design forms for buildings and structures. One of the most im-
por*ant reserves for increasing the efficiency of inetal use in construction
_ is automating the design of construction pro~ects. TsNTIPSR is working on
~ th~s in contact with several leading academy and sectorial institutes in the
country whose specialists are represented in the "Construction" section of
the Scientific Council on the Problem "Development of Systems Methoc?ology for
Solving Problems of Automating Design," which is part of the Co~nittee on
Systems Analysis of the Academy of Sciences USSR. The present article is de-
voted to an analysis of tfie problems of formulating a syst~n for automated
design (SAPR) of cons+~ruction elements and to the first results of using such
_ a system in design w~rk at TsNIIPSK.
In the TsNIIPSK SAPR all the necessary components are developed for auto-
- mated work positions based on a set of YeS-7906 alphanumeric displays that
make it possible to solve design problems efficiently wirh a small volume
- of initial and resulting information and low calculation time. Needless to
say, the automated work position can only be used by specialists working a
short distance from the computer. Otfier data processing schemes must be
_ worked out for remote users.
. The Economic Ir~pact of Introduction of the SAPR
Development of an SAPR of the volume and complexity of the TsNIIPSK SAPR re-
quires 4-5 years of labor by a collective of about 100 syst~ms developers and
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~ rvec vrr~uA~ u~~, vNLY '
capital inveatments of 3-4 million rubles. Therefore, the question of eco-
nomic substantiation of the wiedom of developing an SAPR is very critical.
_ The economic impact from introduction of an SAPR results from tw~o factors.
Above all the quality of planning decisions is improve~, which Leduces the
expenditure of steel for construction elements and imp~oves the reliability of
the s*_ructure and its operating characteristics. Optimization of the
parameters of a structure usually leads to a direct savings of steel. The
usual target function selected is the weight of the construction element, but
other indicators of the pZanning decision (deformation characteristics, co-
efficient of safety against buckling, and the like) are put in the optimiza-
tion model as constraints. This is how tfie problem of optimization of towers
is formulated in the TLP [technological design lineJ f or towers; when it is `
used the weight of the elements designed is roughly 10 percent less than
similar designs developed within the traditional system of design work.
Subsystems for strength calculations of inetal construction elements are used
in practice mu ch more broadly than subsystems for full automation of design
work. The use of refined calculation schemes (rejection of excessive ;
schematization of particular elements in the calculation scheme and using non-
linear models of the work of the material and calculation schemes that
describe the work of the structure as a whole, considering a large number of I
possible combinations of loads, and the like) makes it possible to receive by i
automated calculation more reliable values of the extreme forces that arise ~
in construction elements during their use. This makes it possible for de-
signers selecting the cross-sections of elements to avoid creating unneces- _
sarily high reserves of carrying capacity and leads to a savings of steel.
It is thus possible to create construction elements in which the indicators
of working reliability of particular elements are closer, which results in
more reliable work by the structure as a wfiole. This leads to a savings of
steel of up to five percent of the weig~t of tfie basic carrying elements of
the pro j ect being designc~cl (up to 2. S percent of the full weight of the metal
construction elements). The estimated reduction in calculated expenditures ~
by improving the quality of design dacisions when the first phase of the
TsNIZPSK SAPR is fully introduced is 9.6-13.2 million rubles a year.
Another source of economic imFact with the introduction of an SAPR is an in-
crease in labor productivity in design work.
As already mentioned, labor productivity in the design part of TsNIIPSK rose
at an average rate of 6.7 percent a year in 1971-1977, and roughly half of
~ this growth resulted from the introduction of automated design systems. At
the same time, the time requ ired to perform planning jobs was greatly re-
duced (in some cases to one-half or one-third}, This was especially notable
in the cases of designing such complex projects as the convertor shops of the
- West Siberian and Novolipetskiy metallurgical plants and structures at the ~
_ Kama Truck Plant .
The growth in labor productivity is most remarkable with introduction of
SAPR subsystems of the tower-type TLP. This made it possible to begin switch-
ing the entire system for designing television towers in our country to a
n~w basis. The design process for such towers was formerly divided into
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three stages: development of s~andardized design decisions for particular
elements; formulation of model designs of structures composed of model and
standardized elements; reconciling the model design of the structure with the
speci�ic construction site. Direct labor expenditures bq designers in the de-
velopment of each indfvidual tower design using model and standardized ele~
menta was cut by more th8n two-thirda througfi the introduction of the TLP and
became comparable to labor expeaditures for reconciling the model tower de-
sign. This made it possible to el3minate the stage of development of model .
tower designs and to replace the stage of reconciling model designs with in-
dividual tor~er design work.
COPYRIGHT: Izdatel'stvo "Nauka", "Vestnilc Akademii nauk SSSR", 1980
[60- 11176J ~
,
11,176
CS0:1863
i
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rvn vrrll.lt?L U~C, UNLY
, ,
COMPUTER NETWORK AT INSTITUTE OF ATMOSPHERIC OPTICS ;
Tomsk TEKHNICHESKIYE SREDSTVA VXCHISLITEL'NOY SETI INSTITUTA OPTIKI ATMOSFERY
in Russian 1979 pp 2, 79 .
[Annotation, table of contents of book "Technical Equipment of the Computer 5ystem :
of the Institute of Atmospheric Optics", Siberian Department of the USSR Academy '
of Sciences, 1979, 80 pages]
_
[Excerpts] This collection reflects the results of work to devise t~chnical
equipment for the research automa.tion system of the Institute of Atmoapheric
Optics. The system camprises a centrml computing complex based on an ASVT-4030,
a subsystem for communications within the system, and subsystems to automate
physical experimenta. '
~
The book has two parts. The first part contains articles which describe the ~
principles of organization and technical equipment a:`. the cammunications sys-
tem which provides information exchange among the computers ~iy cable and tele-
phone lines. The second part describes devices for tying peripheral units ~
into the computers and the main exchange system. ,
The material in this collection is oriented to specialists in the development ~
of automated systems and to scientif ic associates who use the computing system. '
~
Table of Contents ~
Part I. Equipment for Coupling Computers and Transmitting Data 3 '
Vakurov, G. F., and Shishlov, V. I., "The Group Adapter of the Comput-
ing System of the Institute of Atmospheric Optics" 5
Vakurov, G. F., and Shishlov, V. I., "Coupling the Group Adapter of the
Computing System with the Main Exchange System" . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Vakurov, G. F.; ivanov, V. V., and Protasov, Yu. I., "The Driver of the
Mir-2 ~omputer in the RAMAR Standard" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
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Apanasenko, V. V., and Kiselev, V. N., "Program-Controiled Data
Transmission Device in the RAMAK System" . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
part II. Apparatus for Coupling Measuring and Peripheral Units to the
Main Exchange System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Pokrovskiy, Ye. V., and Potapov, V. I., "The Driver of the M-32/RV-7
Magnetic Drwn Store in the KAMAK Standard" . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Bespalov, A. S., "The Driver of the N036 Magnetograph [Multichannel
Analog Magnetic Tape Store]" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
~
Naumov, V. I., "The Interface of the Main Memory Module" 53
;
i Pokrovskiy, Ye. V., "Output Unit" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Stafeyev, G. V., "Unit for Coupling the F7077 Converter" 60
Naumov, V. I., ''D~iver for Digital Measuring Instr~ents" 66
Zhuravlev, V. I., and Shelsvoy, V. D., �1The Videoton-340 Display
in tTie Communications Line with the Elektronika-60 Computer" 69
'~anykin, V. P., and Ovchinnikov, A. V., "Coupling a Measuring Unit with the
with the M-4030 Computer" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
COFYRIGHT: Institut optiki atmosfery 1'F SO AN SSSR, 1979 ~
[61-11176]
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CSO: 1863
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r~x ~rr~~iw1, u~~; UNLY
GROUP ADAPTER FOR COUPLING BASE COMPUTER AND PERIPAERAL UNITS DESCRIBED
Tomsk TEKFINICHESK~YE SREDSTVA VYCHISLITEL'NOY SETI INSTITUTA OPTIKI ATMOSFERY ~
in Russian 1979 p 5 ~
,
[Article by G. F. Valaurov and V. I. Shishlo~; "The Group Adapter of the
. Computing Syatem_ ~f the Inatitute of Atmospheric Optics"] �
[Excerpt] One of the promising lines of development in computer use for sci- ~
entif ic reseasch is building multimachine measurement and computing syste~!ns i
[1-3] . The questions of interlinking different types of computers aad or-
ganizing automatic program-controlled information exchange among subsyr~tems :
at different levels are very 3mportant in tfie development of multilevel sys-
tems for automating scientific research. ;
A group adapt~r has been developed for the computing system to automate sci-
entific research at the Institute of Atmospheric Optics c*f the Siberian
Department of the Academy of Sciences USSR [4]. The adapter provides inter-
action between a channel of the base M-4030 computer and nonstandard :
terminals, namely small MIR-2 computers, Videoton-340 displays, minicomputers,
and program-controlled compZexes of systems for automating experiments.
_ The adapter provides data input and output from the M-4030 computer on eight
active nonstandard peripheral unite by cable with a speed of up to 100 kilo- ,
bytes per second. The terminals may be up to 100 meters away from the group
adapter. ~
COPYRIGHT: Institut op~tiki atmosfery TF SO AN SSSR, 1979 ~
~ [61-11176J
- 11,176 ,
- CSO: 1863 '
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~ FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY .
~
INTERFACE WITH MAIN MEMORY MODULE DESCRIBED
Tomsk ~EKI~iICF1ESKIYE SREDSTVA VYCHISLETEL'I~IOY SETT INSTITUTA OPTIKI ATMOSFERY
in ??usBian 1979 p 53
~Article by V. I. Naumov: "The IntQrface of tfie Main Memory Module"] a
[ExcerptJ The interface is designed to organize data exchange between the
main KAMAK line and the main memory module at tfie Leningrad Svetlana Associ- .
ation of Electronic Instrument ~taking and for autonomons work by tfie main
memory module with an analog-digital converter.
When used with the main line the interface can read or write 2,048 16-byte
words or write 2,048 or 4r096 eight-byte words working in an autonomous
regime; in both cases the access cycle of the main me~morq modnle interface
is four microseconds. It is possible to connect two interfaces to one alpha-
numeric converter to increase the data writiag speed and memory volume.
In the autonomous mode the work of the main memory module is controlled
through supplementary sockets of the interface and alphanumeric convertor
using two algoritbms:
1. reading an eight-byte word from the alphan~mmeric con-
vertor into the 16-byte sfiift register and writing it
in the main memory module;
2. forming a 16-byte w~ord from two eight~byte wvrds and then
writing in the main memory module.
COPYRIGHT: Institut optiki atmosf ery TF SO AN SSSR, 1979
[63-llli6] , -
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CSO: 1863
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h'UK VN~r'I(:IAL U~N: UNl.Y
DRIVER OF M-32/RV-7 MAGNETIC DRUM STORAGE DESCRIBED
Tomsk TEKEIIJICHESKIYE SREDSTVA VYCAISLETEL'NOY SETI INSTITUTA OPTIKI ATMOSFERY
in Russian 1979 p 43
[Article by Ye. Pokrovskiy and V. I. Potapov: "The Driver of the M-32/RV-7
Magnetic Drum Store in the RAMAK Standard"] ,
[Excerpt] The M-32/RV-7 magnetic drum store (capacity of 983,040 bytes) is '
an external storage unit of the Minsk-32 computer and is planned to work to-
gether with a UUMB [magnetic drum control unit] storage control unit. The
storage driver couples the magnetic drum stor e witfi the main line of the ~
KAMAK "kreyt" [translation unknown]. The module makes it possible to read
and write in periods of 30 microseconds or 270 microseconds and automatically
scans addresses of the magnetic drum store within the limits of one zone.
COPYRIGHT: Institut optiki atmosf ery TF SO AN SSSR, 1979
[63-11176] ~
11,176
CSO: 1863 ~
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~
PUBLICATIONS
UDC 551.465.11
MATHEMATICAL MODELS OF CIRCULATION IN THE OCEAN
Novosibirsk MATEMATICHESKIYE MODELI TSIRRULYATSII V OREANE in Russian 1980
signed to press 19 May 80 pp 2-5
[Annotation and foreword fram the book edited bq G.I. Marchuk, academician of
the USSR Academy of Sciences, and Doctor of Mathematical Physics A.S. Sarkisyan,
Izdatel'stvo "Nauka", Siberian Division, 1,250 copies, 28B pages]
[Text] The monograph is devoted to the theory and methods of mathematical
modeling oceanic circulating currents, which is being developed in Camputer
Cent~r of the Siberian Department of the USSR Academy fo Sciences. A number
of new formulations of problems of ocean dynamics are treated, their solvability
is studied and efficient solution algorithms are proposed. Considerable atten-
tion is devoted to difference schemes and methods of solving the formulated
problems. The results of calculations of the hqdrothexmodynamic fields are given
and analyzed for individual seas and oceans as well as the world ocean as a
whole.
The work is of interest to specialists working in the field of camputer mathe-
matics, hydrodynamics, oceanology and meteralogy.
The authors: Guriy Ivanovich Marchuk, Vladimir Pavlovich Kochergin, Artem
Sarkisovich Sarkisyan, Mikhail Alekseyevich Bubnov, Vladimir Borisovich Zalesnyy,
Viktor Ivanovich Klimok, Avtandil Aleksandravich Kordzadze, Viktor Ivanovich
Kuzin, Aleksandr Vasil'yevich Protasov, Vladimir Alekseyevich Sukhorukov, Yelena
=I Aleksandrovna Tsvetova, Aleksandr Valentinovich Shcherbakov.
Foreword
The nwnber of papers devoted to mathematical modeling of the thermohydrodynamics
of the world ocean and its individual regions has grown rapidly in recent years.
While ntmmerical experiments on the dynamics of currents were a rare phenamenon -
(Sarkisyan, 1954, 1961, 1962) fram the middle of the 1950's to the beginning of
the 1960's, now the majority of theoretical studies of this problem are performed
specifically using nimmerical methods. This has acted to assist the rapid
development of computer mathematics and computer equipment.
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A significant number of works have been published at the present time which are
based on the utilization of nonlinear mathematical models realized on powerful
computers. S~me such models were constructed in Princeton (G.F.D.L.) by
K. Bryan and his coauthors. The calculations of Bryan and Lewis (1979) as well
as Manabe and Bryan (1979) are quite interesting. The work of Mintz, Takano
and Iian (1973) also deal with this area of research. However, studies have
- also ascertained substantial drawbacks to the mathematical formulations and ~
- algorithms for the numerical realization. Numbered among such drawbacks are
exaggerated values of the coeff icients of horizontal turbulent exchange,
idealization and the formulation of the boundary conditions, etc., and f or this
reason, the problem of developing models for the overall circulation of the
atmospheie and the ocean remains, as before, an urgent one. Special studies _
were performed in the Computer Center of the Siberian Department of the USSR
Academy of Sciences.in cooperation with the Institute of Oceanology of the USSR
Academy of Sciences, which were devoted to a study of the global circulation of
the world ocean, based on rather precise finite difference schemes and eff icient
algorithms. New algorithms were developed which provide for correct numerical
models with physically real coefficients of turbulent exchange. Special schemes
for improving the precision of the solutions were used, which were obtained
using the method of embedded grids. An important step in the numerical solutions ~
of global problems of oceanic circ~lations was the realization of n~aerical I
algorithms for the solution of systems of difference equations obtained by
means of the method of f inite elements. As is well known (Marchuk, 1977), the
method of finite elements guarantees the preservation of determinacy of the '
original operator of the problems, and for this reason, the approximation of
differential equations by difference equations, in this case, does not in
principle distort the qualitative features of the solution of the original
problem. It is likewise important to make the equations for turbulence in the
active layer of the ocean more precise when modeling certain phenomena of
oceanic circulation. ,
Along with equations of hydrodynamics, the Obukhov-Rolmogorov~ionin model, the _
turbulence energy equation and the equation for the rate of dissipation of
turbulent energy in the ocean are also treated in the monograph. Such a
mathematical model has made it possible to create a theory for the seasonal
course of oceanic circulation, as well as ascertain the response of the ocean
to storm processes and variations in the thermocline which are related to this
phenomenon.
We will note that numerical modeling of oceanic circulation necessitated the
performance of a broad set of studies of the correctness of the formulations of
the problems. As a result, a broad class of correct formulations and their
difference approximations was ascertained. The studies which were performed ~
prepared a solid basis for the conduct of widescale numerical experiments with
complex models of ocean dynamics, which permit a physical interpretation of
the results.
Efficient numerical methods of solving worl~ ocean thermohydrodynamics
problems and the results of specific applications of these methods are also
given in the monograph.
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A description of the work done by Bryan, Manabe and Lewis, which was graciously
made available by the authors, is included in the monograph 6.1). These
are their latest accanplishments in the field of numerical modeling of global
oceanic circulations.
A number of mathematical formulations of problems of modeling the circulation of
-
world ocean waters are treated in Chapter 1, which was written by G.I. Marchuk,
A.A. Kordzadze and M.A. Bubnov, the correctness of these formulations if studied,
~ as well as the existence and uniqueness of the solutions, and apriori estimates
are given whieh are useful in the design of stable numerical schc~nes. Chapter
2(authors G.I. Marchuk, V.P. Kochergin and V.A. Sukhorukov) is devoted to the
mathematical modeling of the processes of vertical turbulent exchange and the
mechanism for the formation of the seasonal thermocline in the acean. Chapter
3(V.B. Zalesnyy, A.A. Kordzadze, V.I. Ruzin, M.A. Bubnon) contains new difference
methods for the solution of problems of. the circulatian of a baroclinic ocean.
In Chapter 4(V.P. Kochergin and A.V. Shcherbakov), econamic difference schemes
of a second order precision are constructed on the basis of the method of direc-
tional differences. Spectral methods of solving problems of ocean dynamics are
' treated in chapter 5, written by G.I. Marchuk and A.V. Protasov. These methods
. are specif ically applied to the study of the dynamics of the tides of the baro-
tropic world ocean and for the solution of the linearized problem of the dynamics
of periodic currents of a baroclinic ocean. Chapter 6 is devoted to the applica-
tion of the ntmmerical methods set forth in Chapters 3 and 4, and to i:he study of
the circulation of the baroclinic world ocean. There is a brief review written
by A.S. Sarkisyan on the new achievements of foreign scientists working on this
problem in ~ l of this chapter. The results of calculations of the currents and
temperature fields performed by V.B. Zalesnyy are contained in � 2. A method of ~
establishing a steady-state f or a difference scheme is employed, which is given
in chapter 3. In � 3, V.I. Ruzin treats the application of the method of f inite
elements to the solution of that same problem. In � 4, V.P. Kochergin and
A.V. Shcherbakov analyzed the results of modeling the currents and density field
of the world ocean, obtained by the methods given in chapter 4. Chapter 7 is
devoted to local problems of the dpn~mics of seas and oceans. In 5 1 and 2
of this chapter, V.A. Sukhorukav and V.I. Rlimok study the seasonal variability
of the current~ of the North Atlantic based on the upper homogeneous model
presented in chapter 2. In � 3, V.P. Rochergin and A.V. Shcherbakov solve the
third boundary problem and give the results of calculating Che density field and
currents of the same basin. In � 4, A.S. Sarkisyan and D.G. Rzheplinskiy study
the mechanism of the f ormation of the density fields and currents using the
example o~ the North Atlantic (Neuman's problem is solved). A n~erical model
~ for the dynamics and thermal mode of Lake Baykal is presented in 4 5, written
by Ye.A. Tsvetova.
The authors would like to express thefr sincere gratitude to A.A. Konyakhinaya
for the considerable assistance rendered in putting the manuscript together.
COPYRIGHT: Izdatel'stvo "Nauka", 1980
[62-8225J
8225
CSO: 1863
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MATHEMATICAL METI~ODS OF INTERPRETING GEOPHYSICAL OBSERVATIONS
Novosibirsk MATEMATICHESKIYE METODY INTERPRETATSII GEOFIZICHESKIKH NABLYUDENIY
in Russian 1979 signed to press 26 Dec 79 pp 4, 175-177
[Foreword and abstracts of papers in the collection edited by A.S. Alekseyev, :
Computer Center of the Siberian Aepartment, USSR Academy of Sciences, 600 copies, '
177 pages] ~ -
[Text] Foreword '
This collection is devoted to questions of the application of mathematical compu- ~
tational method~ in the interpretation of geophysical fields. The ma~ority of the
work published in the collection was performed in the department of mathematical ;
problems of geophysics of the Compi.iter Center of the Siberian Department of the
USSR Academy of Sciences.
The papers of V.V. Voronin, V.N. Martynov and B.G. Mikhaylenko, and A.T. Fat'yanov
and B.G. Mikhaylenko are devoted to numerical methods of calculating wave fields ;
in elastic media. Inverse problems of wave propagation and diffraction theory, as
well as photogrammetry are treated in the paper of V.D. Yelinov and G.N. Yerokhin.
The papers of Sharafutdinov, V.A., Belonosova, A.V. and Tsetsokho, A.A. are devoted
to questions related to the ray technique of calculating wave fields. The paper of
A.G. Marchuk is devoted to questions of the generation and propagation of tsunami '
waves. ~
~
Abstracts of Papers Found in the Collection
UDC 550.344
THE CALCULATION OF GEOMETRIC DIVERGENCE IN CARTESIAN COORDINATES
[Belonosova, A.V., Tsetsokho, V.A.]
[Text] A system of six ordinary differential equations is derived in the paper to
determine the geometric divergence of the central field of seismic rays in a medium
without faults. In contrast to the works of other authors, only a cartesian system
of coordinates is used it~ the derivation of the equations, and the characteristics of
the medium are specified in this system. It is also demonstrated in the paper that
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the advantage of a particular system of differential equations for the numerical de-
termination of geometric divergence is related not so much to the number of equations
in the system as to the number of arithmetic operatio~s needed for the calculation
of the right side of the system at one point.
UDC 517.948:519.6
THE NUMERICAL SOLUTION OF THE TWO DIMENSIONAL PROBLII~I OF ELASTIC WAVE DIFFRACTION
AT AN ELASTIC BODY
[Varonin, V.V.]
[Text] The major features of an algorithm for the numerical realization of the
method proposed and substantiated in previous literature by the author are described
_ in t:his paper. The elimination of singularities is utilized to calculate the co-
~ efficients of the matrix derived following the digitization of a system of singular
integral equations. ihe results of numerical experiments are presented. Figures 5;
bibliographic citations, 4.
UDC 617.544
THE RESTORATION OF COEFFICIENTS IN THE C!?SE OF THE LOWEST DERIVATIVES IN AN ACOUSTICS
EQUATION
[Yelinov, V.D.]
[Text] The question of the uniqueness of the determination of coefficients for the
lowest derivatives in an acoustics equation is treated in this paper. The original -
problem is reduced to a well-known problem of integral geometry. Bibliographic
citations: 3.
UDC 517.945
ON THE QUESTION OF THE STABILITY OF THE DEFINITION OF RADIATING POINT OBJECTS
[Yerokhin, G.N.J
[Text] The stability of the solution of the inverse problem of the determination of
_ the "brightness" and coordinates of a finite number of shining sources with respect
to information, which is specified in the form of some blurred image, is studied.
A function characterizing this stability is determined in explicit form in two spe-
cial cases.
UDC 550.345 _
METHODS OF CALCULATING TSUNAMI WAVES WITHIN THE FRAMEWO~IC OF APPROXIMATE MODELS
[Marchuk, A.G.]
-[Text] A number of inethods are proposed in this paper for the calculation of prob-
lems of the generation, propagation and departure of tsunami waves at a shore. The
generation problem is solved within the framework of a non-linear system of equations
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for shallow water. It is also proposed that the model of an ideal incompressible
fluid be used for the solution of generation problems. The characteristics nf
tsunami waves are studied by means of n~erical experiments as a function of the �no-
tions of the bottom. To calculate problems of tsunami wave propagation in a basin of -
variable depth, a method is constructed for separate calculations in the deep and
_ shallow portions of the basin. The question of tsunami wave energy is discussed in
the paper, as well as its relationship to the energy of the focus. A more precise
formula is proposed for the estimation of this energy. An original method involv-
ing a transition to an obliquely angular system of coordinates is proposed for the
calculation of problems concerning the rolling-out uf tsunami waves on a sloping
shore. The results of numerical calculations using the indicated procedures are
given. References 9; figures 22.
UDC 518.61.550.344
NUMERICAL MODELING OF ELASTIC WAVE PROPAGATION IN ANISOTROPIC INHOMOGENEOUS MEDIA -
(THE CASE OF A HALF-SPACE AND A SPHERE)
[Martynov, V.N. and Mikhaylenko, B.G.]
[Text] Algorithms are presented in the paper which utilize finite integral transforms
in conjunction with numerical methods to solve problems of the propagation of elas- .
tic waves in a transversally isotropic half-space. The method is also extended to a
radia.lly inhomogeneous, tangentially isotropic model of the earth. The question of
the application of finite ir?tegral transforms with respect to time to the solution
of the problem of elastic wave propagation in inhomogeneous anisotropic media with ~
arsorption is also treated. References: 10.
UDC 518.61.550.344
A NUMERICAL SOLUTION OF LAMB'S PROBLEM FOR AN INHOMOGENEOUS BOLTZMANN MEDIUM WITH
AN ELASTIC AFTER-EFFECT
[Fat'yenov, A.G., Mikhaylenko, B.G.]
(TextJ The paper consists of two sections. Lamb's problem is solved in the first for
an inhomogeneous (with respect *_o depth) half-space, filled with a Boltzmann medium
with an exponential after-effect function. An approximation method is proposed in
the second for the solution of the given problem for an arbitrary after-effect func-
tion. The convergence of the methods for a homogeneous medium is proved. Theoreti-
cal seismograms are given for a layer in the half-space with differing absorptions.
References: 22; figures: 8.
UDC 513.73
ON GEOMETRIC DIVERGENCE
[Sharafutdinov, V.A.]
[Text] It is shown in the paper that the calculation of the geometric divergence can
be reduced to the solution of Caushy's problem for Jacobi's equations, and the symme-
try of geomAtric divergence in the case of an anisotropic medium is likewise demon-
strated. References: 4.
COPYRIGHT: Vychislitel'nyy Tsentr SO AN SSSR
~58- 8225]
$225 105
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UDC 681.32 �
PLANNING OF PARALLEL CUMPUTATIONAL PROCPSS~S
MoscoW PZAI~tIR0iVA1~I7C~ PARALLSL'tiYKH VYCHI3LITEL'K7aCH PROTSESSOV in Russian signed
to press 28 Apr 80 pp 2-4~ 190-1q1
I [Annotation~ table of contents and foreKO~rd Froa bodc by Arlcadiy Yentsionovich
Barskiy, Mashinostroyeniye, 3225 copies~ 192 pa~ges]
[Text] Methods of optimizing p~ral.lel co~utational processes in multiprc~cess com-
puting systens and computing co~p2exes used in autonated control s~ateas are '
described in the boak.
The boak is intended for engineera~ scientiFic Korkeyrs and system progra~mers
studyiug questions about the design ead operation of coaputer systesa.
- Contents Page
ForeNOrd....~
Chapter 1. Organization and Tasl~s of Opti~oization of Parallel Coaputational
Processes
1. Principles of Overlapping E7.iaination in the Ba.sis of Work of I~odern
2. Computer Equipment 5
I 3� Parallel Data Processing Flo+rchsrts 7
4. Methods of Compu�er Sqstea Caaitral 10
_ 5. Types of Overlapping Elimination 16
6. Effectiveness of Overlapping ~li~inaticn 21
, Chapter 2. InPormatian Floxcharts of Algorithms
~ 1. Information F1oWCharts With Vector-ileights of Peaks.................... 26
~ 2. Inforuation Floxchaxts With 5calar ileights of Peaks.................... 32
~ 3. Trace Matrices 39
4. Floxcharts of A lgorithms Reflecting Data Sxchange.....~
' Chapter 3. Eatrene-value Problems in Planning the ilork of Hoaogeneous
Computing Systems With a Cos~son Storage
1. Formulation of Probleas and Au~dliary Constructions.................... 49
2. Method of Solving Problem 1 52
3. Method of Solving Problea 2 61
' Cha.pter 4. Pxtreae-value Problems in Planning he Work of F~eterogeneaus
- Coaputing Systems With a Comaon Storage
1. Theoretical Principles of Methods of Solving P~obleas 1 and 2 During
Rigid Attachment of Operators as Types of Procassora........,.~~~.,,~~, 65
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Page
- 2. Algorithms for Solving Problen 1 During Rigid Attach~ent of Operators _
- as Procescors of One Type............~ 6?
3. Algorithm for Solving Problem 2 During Rigid Attachment of Each
Operator as P1"OC@$$OT$ O~ 021@ T~@~~~~~~��~���~��~~~�~~~~���~~~~~~~��~� ~
- 4. Estimates of the Time Requixed for Solving Problema 1 and 2 During
Rigid Atta,chment of Operators as Types of Processors 73
General Algorithm for Solving Problem 1 for Heterogeneous Computer
Complexes With a Common ..St'.OI$g@~���~~~~~~~~��~���~~��~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~��� ~6
6. General Algorithm for Solving Problem 2 for Heterogeneous Computer
Complexes With a Common Storage 81
Chapter 5. Extreme-value Problems in Planning the WorI~ of Coaputer Co~lexes
With Separate Stora.ge
1. Formulation of Problems.��������������~�������������������������������� 84~ ~
! 2. Auxiliary Constructions����.������������.������������������������.���.� 85 ,
3. Ordering of Mutually Independent 41ork an &xchange 88
4. Finding the Minimally Necessary Carrying CaPacity Coefficient of
Lines of Fxchange Betxeen Machines at a Given Schedule of Performance '
of Counting Operators 91
5. Sorting of Variants of Purpose and Ordering af Counting Operators...... 93 ~
6. Algorithm for Solving Problea 1....?........... 98 ~
7. Algorithm for Solving Problem 2................ 98 i
Chapter 6. Approximate Solution of Tasks of Overlapping Elimination
l. Minimization of the Time Required for ~acecution of a Given Algorith~n
by Trro Identical Processors..........~ 100
2. Miniaization of the Time Required for Execution of a Given Algoritha
by a Honogeneous Co~puter System....~ 109
3. Minimiza.tion of the Number of Procesaors During Limitation on the
Productivity of the Conputer Process 118
Cha.pter 7. Computer System Dispatchers
1. Auto~eatic Co~pilation of Initial Data far the Dispatcher and Principles
of Dispatching 120
2. Centralized Dispatching of ~ioaogeneaus Computer Systems iiith a Coeamon
Worrking Stora,ge 123
3. Centralized Dispatching of Heterogeneous Computer 3ystems With a
- Common Storage 131
4. Plan~aing Multichanriel and Multicyclic Data Processing in a Ho~aogeneou~
Computer System 136
5. Combined Method of D3spatching in a Carp~ter Syate~:xita a Frooessar- '
Dispatcher.................... .............m........................... 144
6. Combined Method of Dispatching in a Homogeneaus Co~iputer System........ 150
7. Dispatching by Means of Semaphores........... 152 ~
8. Dispatcher Using an Information Method of Pliminating Overlappir~...... 155
Chapter 8. Principles of Modeling Parallel,Coiputatio~al Processes .
l. Estimate of the Computer Systea Carzyi.ng Ca,pacity in a Rea1 Tine ASU... 1j8 :
2. Model of Radar Aata Processing [1] 164
- 3. Compositian of Computer System Prograas by Sieiulating the Process
of Dynamic $liminatian of Overlapping 168
4. Address Method of Overlapping Eliminat~ion in Mtiltichai:nel Computer -
Systems 177 ~
Bibliography 186
107
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Foreword
The principles of elimination of overla.pping of calculations are a universal method
of achieving high productivity and high reliability of computing facilities. The
naturalness and universality of overla.pping elimination have been the rea.sons for
its use on all levels of the development and use of computer technology--~om the
planning of equipment overlapping in time the perfornance of separate operations
to the planning of overlapping xork of several computers or processors of a multi-
processor coaputer system on the solution of laboriaus tasks.
The investigation of problems of overlapping elimination and the development of
methods of optimizing it (according to substantiated criteria) persit developing
pra,ctically realizable principles of computer hardWare integration. the organiza.-
tion of controllable garallel coaiputing processes and the logical pl.a.nning of com-
puter structures and separate equipsent.
The introduction of the principles of overlapping elimination stipul.~.ted the pra.c-
tical directivity of all material of the present book. The orientation towasd the
use of computer systents in very complex operating conditions--in ASU--has deter-
mined both the circle of tasks under consideration and the selection of floxcharts
of computational processes. _
Among the available literature on the given question~ special note should be made
of the book by D. A. Pospelov [4]. The author of the present monograph has tried
to avoid to the extent possible dealing xith proble~ss xhich found considera,ble
reflection in that book, for ex,aumple ~ proble~as of segaentation ~ of the use of
languages~ storage~ the organiza.tion of processing conditions, etc. At the same
time the author ha.s striven to clari~r questions connected xith ~he optimum organi-
zation of computational processes, dispatching and the simulation of those process-
es~ the solution of which has been developed and individualized in recen~ years.
In the book much attention has been given to various methods of organizing the -
dynamic planning of resources during parallel data processing as the m~i.n means of �
achieving high productivity and reliability of coxputer systems under variable
conditions of realiza,tion of the ccaputational process.
In the book a detailed accaunt has been given for the first time of inethods of
precise solution of the main probleas in the elimination of overlapping that arise
in the designing of ASU'ss optimum marshalling of a c�~puting system to solve a
definite set of problems and optimum p].anning of acco~plish~ent of the given set
by the computing system.
The models of garallel computational processes uixier consideration serve as an
adequate illustration of the variety of organizational schemes of those prncesses
and their application, methods of imitating asthods of elimina,ting overlapping and
examples of the use of those methods in planning structures of coaputer systems
and compiling ~rallel programs. T he description of variaus models must contribute _
to the selection of speciflc methods of organizing p~rallel data. processing during
_ the development of ASU's. -
It is assumed that t:~e construction a.nd use of ineans of eliminating overlapping in
computer systems axe possible on the basis of contemporary achievements in the
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area. 04 the logica]. possibilities of co~puter hardxare and softxa.res aultiprogra~- ~
ming on the basis of the virtual. storage~ auto~ation of pro~am~in8~ oouPling xith
- peripherals~ etc. Only the presence of such facilitie~ ~ t~ ~~~~~~eof ~
quate frE+edom with segaxate tasks, xith large pro~'am
the conmutation of ob3ects in plannin8 the xork of a coeputer syatem.
COPYRIGHTs Izdatel'stvo "Mashinostroyeniqe"~ 19$0 ~
[n-~7w]
- ~74
cso: i863
~
I
i
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COMPUTTNG SYSTEMS
Moscow VYCHISLITEL'NYYE SISTEMY in Russian 1980 signed to press 29 Jan 80 pp 2-4,
302-304
[Annotation, excerpt and table of contents from book by Ivan Vasil'yevich Panfilov
and Anatoliy Mikhaylovich Polovko, Izdatel'stvo "Sovetskoye Radio", 8000 copies,
304 pages] ~
[Text] In this monograph are discussed the fundamentals of the theory of construct-
� ing and methods of analyzing and synthesizing, as well as questions relating to the
organization of the computing process of multicomputer and multiprocessor computing
systems.
This book is intended for scie:~tific i?ersonnel and engineers working in the field .
of studying and designing computers and computing systems. It can also be useful
to teachers and students studying computers and computing systems. .
Foreword
This monograph is, in the opinion of the authors, one of the first attempts to
discuss the key problems in the system design of computing systems and, of course, -
is not without shortcomings. Comments and advice relating to eliminating them will
be received with gratitude.
Chapters 2, 5, 8, 9 and 10 were written by I.V. Panfilov (para 5.5 in con~unction
with V.V. Kovalev), chapters 3 and 7 bq A.M. Polovko and chapters 1, 4, 6 and 11
by A.M. Polovko and I.V. Panfilov jointly.
The authors express their deep gratitude to Professor and Doctor of Technical
Sciences E.V. Yevreinov for his careful reviewing of the manuscript and valuable
comments and suggestions which helped improve it.
CONTENTS Page
Foreword 3
Key Symbols 5
Chapter 1. Introduction 6
- 1.1. Basic concepts and definitions; reasons for the appearance of computing
systems 6
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1.2. Classification of VS's [computing systems] 8 -
1.3. Conditions for the functioning and general properties of VS's 13
1.4. Areas of application of VS's 15
Chapter 2. Fundamentals of Constructing Multicomputer and Multiprocessor 17
C~mputing Systems
2.1. Single-prr~cessor VS's 17
2,2. Structure of a single-prc+cessor (single-computer) VS 18
2,3. Methods of constructing multicomputer and multiprocessor VS's 22
2.4. Putting together multicomputer VS's 24
2.5. Internal connections of a multiprocessor VS 28
2.6. Multiprocessor VS's 31
2.7. Computing networks 36
2,8. Features of the software of multiprocessor VS's 40
2.9. Functions of the operating system of a multiprocessor VS 43
Chapter 3. Quality Indicators of Computers and Computing Systems 4~
3.1. Key concepts and def initions 47
3.2. Reliability indicators 48
3.3. Maintainability indicators 50
3.4. Readiness indicators 51 '
3,5. Efficiency indicators 53
3.6. Other indicators of the quality of a computer and computing system 57 I
3.7. Indicator of the functioning e~ficiency of a VS ,
3.8. Indicator of the efficiency of computer realization of algorithms 61 i
3.9. Generalized indicator of the efficiency of a computer or system 62
3.10. Quality indicators of computers and systems for various purposes 63
Chapter 4. Analysis of Flows of Orders for the Solution of Problems and
Flows of Computing System Failures 64
4.1. Characteristics of flow of events 64
4.2. Ch%~racteristics of flows of orders in the input of a VS ~1
4.3. Analysis of the flow of orders in a VS 75
4.4. Duration of overlapping of the time for servicing orders 78
4,5. Duration of delaying of orders in the system 82
4~6. Flows of failures of computing system hardware 87
Chapter 5. Construction of a Complete Algorithm for the Computing Process 94
and Determination of Its Characteristics
5.1. Comp?.ete algorithm of the computing process 94
5.2. Logic diagram of the complete algorithm of the computing process 95
5.3. Use of a net model for analyzing the computing process 101
5,4. Information link between particular algorithm:~ 104
- 5.5. Ordering of the graph-scheme of the complete algorithm and choice of
paths 105
5.6. Input logic functions 115
5,7. Key parameters of the graph-scheme of the complete algorithm 116
5,8. Differentiation of the graph; frequency matrix of relations 119
5,9. Analytical method of calculation of the computing process employing
graph differentiation 125
5.10. Formulation of the problem of transforming algorithms 12$
5.11. Transformations of the structure of the complete algorithm 131
Chapter 6. Assignment of Priority to Particular Problems and Planning the
Work of a Computing System 133
6.1. Influence of priority on the efficiency of a computing process 133
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6.2. Dependence of priority on characteriatics of particular problems 135
6.3. Planning the multiprogram operation of a camputing system by em-
ploying priority of particular problems 142
6.4. Assignment of priority to orders in :omputing systems operating in
' real time 145
6.5. Priority of servicing a failure flow 146
Chapter 7. Reliability, Readiness and Maintainability of Computers and
Coffiputing Systems 154
7.1. Graph of states of a computing system 154
7.2. Description of functioning of a computing system by means of. differ-
ential equations 159 _
7.3. Analysis of the reliability, maintainability and restorability of
~ computing s;~stems from equations for functioning 162
I 7.4. Analysis of reliability, readiness and IDaintainability of computing
systems from the graph of states 171
7.5. Approximate estimates of the reliability, readiness and maintainabi7.ity
of complex computing systems 180
~ 7.6. Examples of analyzing the reliability, readiness and maintainability
of computers and computins systems 186
I Chapter 8. Analysis of the Quality of the Functioning of a Computing
System 194
8.1. Formulation of analysis problem 195
8.2. GEneral information on mat~ematical models 200
8.3. Analytical time models 2~2
8.4. Statistical models 205
8.5. Formalization of the process of the system's functioning 206
8.6. Analytical method of evaluating the quality of the functioning of a
VS from reliability indicators 207
8.7. Analysis of a multiprocessor compt~ting system with an abso:.ute servic-
ing discipline and a limited number of waiting positior.o 216
8.8. Estimate of the productivity of a computing system 228
Chapter 9. Fundamentals of Synthesis of the Structure of a Computing
System 235
9.1. Formulation of the process of synthesizing the structure of a VS 236
~ 9.2. Determination of the required number of computers in a VS 239
9.3. Comparison of VS variants in terms of productivity index 246 -
~ 9.4. Selection of types of VS storage units for software allocation 250
Chapter 10. Key Technical Characteristics of Computing System Digital
~ Computers and Methods of Calculating Them 253
; 10.1. Key parameters of machine algorithms 253 ~
~ 10.2. Selection of the digital computer's command system 255
; 10.3. Selection of the digital computer's addressing system 256
10.4. Determination of bit configuration 259
10.5. Determination of speed of response of control computer when running
control problem algorithms 261
10.6. Determination of requirements for the speed of response of a digital
computer i~rith a~package mode of operation 263
10.7. Determination of capacity of storage units 266
10.8. Determination of capacity of buffer storage 271
_ 10.9. Determination of number of peripheral units 273
112
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Chapter 11. Prospects for the Development of Computing Facilitie,t
11.1. Maximum productivity and element base 280
11.2. Key structural features of fourth-generation computers
11.3. Maj~r lines of development and trends in development u~ computing 282
facilities
11.4. Improving the reliability of computing facilities 286
Bibliography 296
Subject Index 300
COPYRIGHT: Izdatel'stvo "Sovetskove Radia'~, 1980
[77-8831]
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CSO: 1863
(
~
113
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'
~
~ SET OF GENERAL INDUSTRIAL METHODOLOGICAL HANDBOOK MATERIALS ON THE CREATION OF
i AUTOMATED CONTROL SYSTEMS (A$U's) AND AUTOMATED DESIGN SYSTEMS (SAPR's) -
Moscow KOMPLEKS OBSHCHEOTRASLEVYKH RUKOVODYASACHIKH METODICHESKIKH MATERIALOV
PO SOZDANIYU ASU I SAPR in Russian 1980 signed to press 4 Apr 80 pp 2-3, 7, 118- -
119
[Annotation, excerpts and table of contents from book published by Izdatel'stvo
"Statistika", 15,000 copie~, 120 pages]
[TextJ Included in the "get of General Industrial Methodological Handbook Mater-
ials (ORMM's) on the Creation of ASU's ar~d SAPR's" are ORI~'I's on the creation of
technological organizatiqn ASU's (ASUOT's) and ORI~IIri's on the creation of automated
design systems (SAPR's). The materials of this book regulate the structure, con-
tent and procedure for c~rrying out work on the creation of ASUOT's and SAPR's.
For specialists involved in developing, utilizing and improving ASU's and SAPR's
in various industries of the national economy.
Approved by V.A. Myasn~kov, director, Central Administration for Computer Techno--
logy and Control Systep?s, and member, USSR State Committee for Science and Techno-
logy, 20 August 1979.
1.1. The present ORMM's on the creation of technological organization automated
control systems (ASUOT's)* supplement the general industrial methodological hand-
book materials on th~ creation of automated control systems (ORMM's on the creation
of ASUP's [automated enterprise management systems] and ORMM's on the creation of
ASUTP's [automated systems for the control of technological processes]) and estab-
~ lish the structure, content and organization of work on creating ASUOT's at indus-
i trial enterprises and in production and scientific production associations lenter-
~ prises), including work on creating new and developing existing ASUOT's, as z~ell
as work on the creation of systems based on existing ASUP's and ASUTP's.
1.2. An ASUOT represents an integrated multilevel hierarchical system combining
the functions o� an ASUP and ASUTP and enabling the joint functioning, coordinated
in terms of puzposes, criteria and data processing procedures, of ASUP's and
�*Sometimes these systems are called production technology systems. �
114
;
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ASUTP's and other ASU's at an industrial enterprise with the utilization of the
required facilities for linking and interaction.
An ASUOT is created at an industrial enterprise for purposes of producing an
a3ditional effect greater than the sum of the effects achievable with the indep~nd-
ent functioning of individual ASIIP's, ASUTP's and other ASU's.
CONTENTS Pagz
Gener~^1 Industrial Methodological Handbook Materials on the Creation of Technolo3
gical Organization Automated Control Systems 5
Introduction ~
Part I. Rules foa the Development and Introduction of ASUOT's 7
I.1. Basic tenets 12
I.2. Oxganization of the development of an ASUOT 14
I.3. Structure and content of work by stages 23
I.4. Structure and content of documentation
I.S, Procedure for creating an ASUOT for newly built and reconstructed 35
enterprises
Part II. Methodological Reco~nendations on the Development of an ASUOT 37
II.1. Methodological recommendations on completing the preplanning stage 37 i
II.2. Methodological recommendations on developing an engineering pro~ect 56
f or the ASUOT I
II.3. Methodological recommendations on the performance af certain work b9
in putting an ASUOT into service
General Industrial Methodological Handbook Materials on the Creation of 76
Automated Design Systems (SAPR's)
Introduction
1. General gl
1.1. Purpose and application of ORI~i's 81 -
1,2. Purposes of creating an SAPR 82
1.3. Definition of an SAPR - 83
1.4. Functions of an SAPR 83
1.5. Structure of an SAPR 86
- 1.6. Fundamental principles of the creation of an SAPR
2. General Organization of Work 90
2.1. General principles of organization of work ,
2.2. Preparation of planning organization for the creation of an SAPR 92 ,
2.3. SAPR service 93 ~
2.4. Key stages in the creation of an SAPR
3. Preplanning Research and Planning Work 96
3.1. Preplanning research 97
3.2. Engineering assignment 99
3.3. Engineering proposal 99
3.4. Engineering project 101
3.5. Working project 103
3.6. Creation (assembly) and debugging 104
3.7. Testing
4. Entry Into Service 105
4.1. Experimental operation 106
4.2. Acceptance tests
115
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5. Industrial Utilization and Development of an SAPR
5.1. Industrial utilization of an SAPR 107
5.2. Development of an SAPR 107
6. Appendices
6.1. List of basic handbook materials and State standards 109
6.2. Terminology index 114 ~
6.3. Matrix (two-dimensional) structural diagram of an SAPR 116
~ COPYRIGHT: Izdatel'stvo "Statistika'~, 1980
[77-8831]
8831
CSO: 1863
- 116
Fl1R (1FFT('.TAT. TTSF (1NT.Y
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DESIGN OF DISCRETE AUTOMATION SYSTEMS ,
Moscow PROYEKTIROVANIYE DISKRETTIYKH SISTEM AVTOMATIKI in Russian 1980 signed to ~
press 4 Mar 80 pp 2-4, 232
[Annotation, foreword and table of contents from book by Semen Abramovich Xuditskiy,
Agniya Arkad!yevna Tagayevskaya and Tamara Konstantinovna Yefremova, Izdatel'stvo
"Mashinostroyeniye 7000 copies, 232 pagesJ
[TextJ This book is devoted to a discussion of the methodology of designing sys- ~
tems for controlling cyclic processes. The fundamentals of the general theory of ~
cyclic processes are discussed, including models of the controlled system and ~
of the process realized, along with the mathematical apparatus for describing a ~
control automaton (UA); the algorithmic, logic and technical stages of design are
discussed, concluding with the formulation of a description of the control algo-
rithm and of the functional and schematic diagrams of the UA. A survey is given ~
of modern equipment for implementing UA's. This book is intended for engineers
working on the automation of technological processes and for specialists in the '
field of applied automata theory. ~
Foreword
The development and ex.tensive application of various kinds of automatic and auto-
mated control systems, including ASU TP's [automated systems for controlling tech- ~
nological processesJ, have drawn the attention of designers and users of these '
systems to the theoretical and methodological fundamentals of their structure. ~
This book is devoted to the theory and practice of the design of one important com- ~
ponent of an ASU TP--the discrete control automaton, forming in conjunction with
the technological system a system for controlling a cyclic process. -
The approach developed over the last two decades to the design of control auto-
mata is based on the ideas and methods of the theory of discontinuous (discrete) '
devices and finite automata discussed in studies by V.M. Glushkov, M.A. Gavrilov,
V.G. Lazarev, D.A. Pospelov, A.A. Tal', E.A. Yakubaytis, D. Khafman, R. Miller,
etc. ~
However, as cyclic processes automated within the framework of an ASU TP became
more complicated, the classical approach encountered a number of difficulties
caused, in particular, by the complexity of a finite automaton description of
parallel cyclic processes realized simultaneouslq in various sections of the ~
. 117 !
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i -
technological system and by the lack of regular methods o.f preparing a design
assignment while taking into account the distinctive features o~ the syst2m, and
the like.
In this book an approach to desigr.ing control automata is discussed which is ori-
ented toward parallel cyclic procesaes and which takes into account the properties
of the technological sqstem. _
, This book is based on know-how gained at the Institute of Control Problems with
' regard to the design of control automata implemented by means of pneumatic equip-
; ment. In addition, the authors have strived to demonstrate the feasibility of
using the methods which have been developed when employing other equipment, such as
electronic integrated microcircuits, programmable logic controllers and electro-
-I mechanical relays.
i In this book discussed in sequence are the fundamentals of the theory of systems
; for controlling cyclic processes (models of systems and pro~.esses and the mathe-
~ matics for describing the operation of a control automaton) and the general design
methodology, illustrated by specific industrial examples and covering the stages
of constructing a formalized.assignment and designing functional and schematic dia-
grams for the control automaton. A survey is given of modern equipment for imple-
. menting control automata.
j Readers wishing to become acquainted with the theoretical and applied aspects of
designing control automata should read the book in the order that the material
~ is presented; those who are interested only in design practice in their ~irst ac-
quaintance with the book can omit chapter 2 para 2 and chapter 3 paras 1 and 4.
For the purpose of reading this book it is necessary to have a general acquaintance
with the concept of a graph and with the rules of mathematical logic.
i
~ Chapters l, 2, 3 and 5, except chapter 2 para 1 and chapter 5 para 3, were written
i by S.A. Yuditskiy, chapter 6, except paras 5 and 6,and appendices I and II by A.A.
; Tagayevskaya and T.K. Yefremova, chapter 2 para 1, chapter 4 para 2, chapter 5
para 3 and chapter 6 paras 5 and 6 by S.A. Yuditskiy and A.A. Tagayevskaya to-
i gether, and chapter 4 para 1 by S.A. Yuditskiy and T.K. Yefremova together.
CONTENTS Page
~I
Foreword 3
Chapter 1. Status of the Problem of Designing Systems for Controlling
Cyclic Processes 5
- 1. Place of the system for controlling cyclic processe in an ASU TP 5
2. Methods of describing the behavior of control automata 7
3. Methods of organizing and describing the structure of control automata 11
4. Steps and problems in designing control autamata 14
Chapter 2. Model of Systems for Controlling Cyclic Processes 21
1. Model of the controlled system 21
2. Model of the cyclic process 36
Chapter 3. Fundamentals of the Theory of Dilogical Automata 43 -
1. A"dilogical automaton" model 43
2. Dilogical equations 59
118
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~
3. Graphs of operations 67
4. Minimization of graphs of operations 74
5. Use of a graph of operations for describing the behavior of a control
automaton in a cyclic system 83
Chapter 4. Algorithmic Design of a Control Automaton 91
1. bperating modes of a control automaton and their description 91
2. Procedure for algorithmic design of a control automaton 98
Chapter 5. Logic Design of a Control Automaton 112
1. Language of operational equations for describing the structure of a
control automaton 112 .
2. Local structural organization of a control automaton 122
3. Procedure for the logtc design of a control automaton 133
Chapter 6; Technical Design of Control Automata 146 ~
1. Unified standard designs of the State Instrumentation System 147
2. Microelectronic equipment for implementing control automata 150
3. Pneumatic equipment for implementing control automata 157 ;
4. Standard-unit combinations of equipment for implementing control
automata 1~2
5. Programmable control automata 184 ~
6. Prvicedure for the technical design of a UA 189
Appendix I. Typical Examples of Graphs of Operations of a UA 197
Appendix II. Subunits of the TsIKL Pneumatic Standard-Unit Combination 206
Bibliography 229
COPYRIGHT: Izdatel'stvo "Mashinostroyeniye 1980
[78-8831] -
8831
CSO: 1863
119
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~^~s,
UDC 621.391
NEW PUBLICATION ON SPEECH COMPREHENSION SXSTEMS
Moscow PROBLEMY POSTROYENIYA SISTEM PONIMANIYA RECHI in Russian 1980 pp 2, 145
[Annotation, table of contents of book "Problems ~f Constructing Systems to Under-
stand Speech", edited by Candidates ot Technical Sciences G.I. Tsemel' and V.I~j�
Sorokin, Izdatel'stvo "Nauka", 1980, 146 pages)
[Excerpts] This collection of articles is devoted to constructing speech cam- ~ -
prehension systems for controlling automata by means of natural language. The
levels of speech comprehension systems are reviewed, including analysis of the
process of speech formation, analysis of the parameters of speech signals,
recognition of words tha t are merged in pronunciation, and the,use of syntac-
tical and semantic information to segment rua-on spe~ch and to cor.rect recog-
nition ezrors.
- The book is intended for scientific researchers, engineers, and college stu-
dents apecializing in eng ineering ~ybernetics, man-machine co~unicat ions
systems, and processing and converting speech information.
Table of Contents
Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
I. The Use of Syntactical and Semantic Information in Speech
Comprehension Systems
Pyatkov, V. S., "The Use of Syntax and Semantics of Problem-0riented
Languages in Speech Comprehension Systems" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Potapova, R. K., "Linguistic Constraints and the Segmentation of
Run-On Speech" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Obzhelyan, N. K., and Trupir-Donskoy, V. N., "Automatic Recognition of
the Alphabet as a Means of Comparing the Technical Potential of
Speech Recognition Systems" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
- Pyatkov, V. S., and Trupin-Donskoy, V. N., "Detection of Words in a
. Strea~ of Run-On Speech" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
;
120
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rvn vrri~.~r?~. v~r. VI~LY
II. Recognition of Run-On Speech ,
Krinov, S. N., Savel'yev, V. P., and Tsemel', G. I., "Recognition of
Numbers Merged in Pronunciation" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 ,
Verigin, V. Ye., "Automatic Recognition of the Phrases of a Simple ~
Problem-Oriented Language" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
III. Analysis of Speech Signa.l~ i
Arapov, A. V., Kucherenko, V. R., and Kucherenko, I. ,"Multichannel
Input/Output of a Speech Signal in Computers" . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Kucherenko, V. K., and Rucherenko, I. R., "Singling Out Acoustically ~
Similar Segments of a Speech Signal" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 ~
Prokhorov, Yu. N., "New Models of Speech Signals and Recurrent Evalua- ;
tion of Parameters" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
i
Gimlin, V. B., and Smetanin, A. M., "Improving the Precision of Measure- .
ment of the Parameters of Characteristic Tones" . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Kabanova, Ye. I., and Yurkov, Ye. F., Evaluating the Sub~ ective Quality ~
of Synthetic Speech" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
Knipper, A. V., and Orlov, I. A., "Experiments with Synchronous Char- ~
acteristic Tone Analyzer" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
IV. Numerical Models of Speech Formation
Sorokin, V..N., "The Role of the Subglottal A.rea in the Process of
Speech Formation" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Vlasov, Ye. V., "Modification of the Galerkin Method of Calculating
the Frequency Characteristics of Speech Signals" . . . . . . . . . . 136
COPYRIGHT: Izdatel'stvo "Nauka", 1980
[63-11176] ~
11,176 :
CSO: 1863
121
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UDC 681.32
INPUT-OUTPUT CONTROL IN YeS COMPUTERS
Moscow UPRAVLENIYE WODOM-VYVODOM V YeS EVM in Russian 1980 signed to press
13 Mar 80 pp 2-4
[Annotation and table of contents from book by Vladimir Iosifovich Gurevich,
Izdatel'stvo "Sovetskoye radio", 40,000 copies, 304 pages)
[Text] The book discusaes general principles of input-output control in Ye3 co~a-
puter opera.ting systems~ input-autput control devices used. in the develap~ent of
practical programs, quastions of data organi~atica~ on external data carriers and
the use of various methods of access to data. The ~in attention is given to Ye5
disk operating systems. Infora~ation also is presented ou YeS operating systems.
T~he bodt is intended for specialists engaged in developing YeS coaputer softxare~
+i and also to tbose attending lectures in caurses to i~prove qualifications and V[TZ
students.
I Ca~tents Page
~
! List of Abbreviations 5
~ Introduction (
~ Chapter 1. The YeS Computer Iaput-Output Systen
i l.l Logical 5tructure of the Input-Output Systea 11
, 1.2. Organization of Performance of Input-Output Operations 13
~ 1.3. Distinctive Features of Data Reading and Reco~rding in YeS `
! Computer Input-Output Units 18
I Chapter 2. Data Organization
2.1. Files and Logical Recordings 28
2.2. Volumes and Files............e 29
= 2.3. Blocking of Logical Record3.ngs 29
' 2.4. R~cording Formats 35
2.5. Identification of Exterual Storage Files and Volumes 40
2.6. Principal Characteristics of Various Types of Data Or&anization..... 50
2.7. Serial Organiza.tion 51
2.8. Direct Organization.... 55
2.9. Index-Serial Organization 63
2.10. Library Organization 71
2.11. Methods of Access to Data 73
~ 122
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Page
Chapter 3. Ye5 Disk Operating 5qstem Input-Output Control System
3.1. Symbolic Addressing of Input-Output Units....������~���������~�������� ~8
3.2. PhysicaY and Logical Levels of Input~0utput Control 81
3�3~ Declarative and Imperative Macroinstruetions of the Logical I,evel
of Input-Output Control 87
3.4. Connection Betxeen Declarative and Imperative Input-O~tpn~ :~~v.~ ~ ~
= MSCl O~I1St.Z~L1Cti~.OAS � � ~ � � ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ . . ~ � � ~ ~ � � ~ � � ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ � ~ ~ ~ � � ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ � � ~9 '
3~5� Distinctive Features of Input-Output Control During iiork in
Multi-pro~atn and Multi-task Regiaes 94 ~
. Cha.pter 4. Processin~ File Marks in Ye5 Disk Operati.ng Systens
. 4.1. Processing Standard System Marks 95
4.2. Processing 5taadard User Marlcs�.������������������������������������� 111
Chapter 5. Input-Output Programming for Files With Serial Organizatio~n
of Data in Ye5 Disk Operating Systeas
5.1. TWO Ty~pes of Files With Serial Data Qrgani~ation��������������������� 119 ;
5.2. Description and Operating ~lode of Input-Output Files 120
5.3. Buffering of Inpv.t-Qutput Files 134
5.4. Input-Output Control of Files with.Different�Rec�ording�F.armats::::::: 1~3~6
5�5� Control of Input Qitput Units.....
5.6. Volume Switching in I~ulti-volume Files 162 ~
5�7� Processing of Input-Output Srrors and Recordings of Incorrect Length. 165
5.8. Files Independent of the Type of Input-Output Unit i75
5.9. Data: Pxchange With a Computer Operator 177
5.10. Perforated Tape Files 179
5.11. working Files 197
Chapter 6. Input-Output Programming for Files Nith Direct Urganization
of Data. in YeS Disk Operating Systems
6.1. Description and Operating Mode 208
6.2. File Processing in Mode of Recard Retrieval by Identifier............ 219
6.3. File Processing in Mode of Record Rettrieval by Key........��.�������� 224
6.4. File Processing in Mode of Iiecord Addition on Tracks 230
Chapter 7~ Input-Output Progranming Po~r Files irith Iadex-Serial Organization
of Data in YeS Disk Operating Systea.s
7.1. Description and Operating Kode of Files 23~1~ ,
7.2. File Creation and Expansion 240 ;
7�3� Addition of Records to a File 247
7.4. Arbitrary File Processing 253
7~5. 5erial File Processing 258
Chapter 8. Functional Possibilities of a YeS Operating System Input-Output
Control System
8.1. Structure of the Input-Output Control System 266
8.2. Input-Output Organization in an Applied Progras 267
g.3. Organization of Connection of an Ap lied Program With an Input-
Output Unit and Data. Sets on a VNI ~not identified]..........�������� 272
123
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Page
, 8.4. Independence of Applied Programs of the Input-Output Unit Type
and the Da.ta Set Che~racteristics 274
i 8.5. Input-Output Control of Lata Sets With Different Or~snizdtian......... 2"J8
' 8.6. Data set Buifering 2$3
; 8.7. Inpttt-Output h'rror Procesaing 2&F
8.8. Storage Allocation on~Magnetic Tapes 285
; 8.9. Data Set Cataloging 28~
~ Bibliography 286
i Appendix 1. YeS Disk Operating Systeo Task Control Language Operato~rs
' Assuring Input-Output Co~trnl 287
Appendix 2. YeS Disk Operating Systes Rules for Recording In~ut-Output
M.icroi~tructions 290
Appendix 3. Ye5 Disk Operating Syste~ Declaxative Input-Output
i~[icroinstructions 292
Appendiz 4. Corcitrol Symbols 302
Sub3ect Index.�~~��~�����~~~~~.�~~~~~��~���~~~~~~~~~~~��~~~~o~~~��~~~~~��~��~� 3VY'
COPYRIGHr: Izdatel'stvo "Sovetskoqe radio", 1980
[68-z1747
2174
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~ V~~ Va a~6.~t1L VUL. V!\L�
;
.
~
UDC 519. 95 ,
NEW BOOK ON PtZOGRAMNIING IN ALGOL
Moscow OSNOVY PROGRAI~tIROVANIYA NA ALGOLE in Russian 1980, pp 2, 4 ~
[Annotation and foreword from book '~'undamentals of Programming in ALGOL", ~
by S,A. Abramov and I.N. Antipov, Izdat~l'stvo "Nauka", 176 pages] ,
[Excerpts] This book is devoted to the fundamental elements of programming in ~
ALGOL-60. A systematic description of the language is presented in several ~
stages. There is a discussion of improving problem-solving algorithms and
writing them on the basis of rational programs.
~
_ ,
The book is intended for a broad range of readers interested in programming ,
in ALGOL-60.
Materials from the authors' book "Programmirovaniye na Uproshchennom Algole"
[Programming in Simplified ALGOLJ (Moscow, Nauka, 1978) was used in preparing
_ this edition.
Authors' Foreword
ALGOL-60 establishes a certain set of concepts. The removal of several syn- '
tactical concepts and the imposition of additional semantic constraints makes
it possible to obtain an abbreviated version of ALGOL-60 (sometimes called ;
the simplified version). Conversely, adding new concepts may lead to a '
broadening of ALGOL-60. Any abbreviated version maq be considered as a sub-
set of ALGOL-60. The version named SUBSET ALGOL may be considered one of the '
first abbreviated versions of ALGOL-60. T'fiis subset was reported, for exa.mple,
in the journal VYCHISLITEL'NAYA MATEMATIICA I MATIMATICF~SKAYA FIZIKA (see
No 3, 1975, pp 575-579). The language ALGAMS was published later. It is
(with a precision to standard procedures and functions) a subset of the
language ALGOL-60 and very similar to the language SUBSET-ALGOL. ~
In presenting the fundamentals of programming in ALGOL in our book we essen-
tially use a certafn simplified version of ALGOL-60. The simplification in-
volves chiefly the removal of certain concepts. We recommend that those who ~
wish to familiarize themselves with ALGOL-60 in its full array refer to ~
S. S. Lavrov's book "Universal'nyy Yazyk Programmirovaniya (ALGOL-60)"
[Universal Programming Language (ALGOL-60)] (Third ~dition, Moscow, Nauka,
1972). Many exercises far the course in the full A,~GOL-60 language can be
ias ,
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found, for example, in N. P. Trifonov's book "Sbornik Uprazhne~niy po Algolu^
[Collection of Exercises in ALGOL] (Moscow, Nauka, 1975).
During preparation of this text we made use of the material in our book
'`Programmirovaniye na Uproshchennom Algole" [Programming in Simplif ied ALGOL]
(Moecow, Nauka, 1978). The book was written on the basis of our exper~ence
teaching programming to students at secondary school No 52 in ri~scow. Ex-
change of opinions with other teachers (associates at the Computing Center of
the Academy of Sciences USSR) influenced the content of the book. In addi-
tion, we made constant use of consultation and advice from A. A. Abramov,
V. M. Rurochkin, N. M. Nagornyy, and V. D. Podderyugin. Important and inter-
esting suggestions and remarks concerning botfi the selection of the material
and the style of presentation were made by corresponding member of the Academy
of Sciences USSR S. S. Lavrov.
COPYRIGHT: Izdatel'stvo "Nauka", 1980
[63-11176]
11,176
CSO: 1863
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unc 519.6
ALPHA-6 TRANSLATOR Il~ THE I~JBKA SYSTEK
I~oscox TRANSI,YATOR AL'PNA-6 V SISTSl~ DUBNA in Russiaa 19?9 signed to press ~
28 xov ?9 PP 3-$
[Annotation~ table of contents and fore~rord f~om bodc by Irina Nikolayevna Anike- ~
yevna, Anatoliy Olegovich Bube~. Tat'yana Sergeyevns Yas~ruchkova, Svet].ana Konstan-
tinovna Kozhukhina~ Sergey Eneyevich Yoslavslsiy, an~d Vladiair Ivanovich SheleIchov~
A. P. Yershchov~ editor, Izdatel'stvo. "Nauka", 15,000 copies, 352 pages] '
[Text~ ~antents PaBe
ForeKard~~.~~~~~��~.�~.���~��~~~~~~~~~~~~~~�.~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~��~� ! ~
Section 1. Inforaial Yntroduction 11
Cha.pter l. Conposition and Possibilities of the Syste~ 11 ~
Chapter 2. Non-AI~OL Oonstructicals of the ALPHA-6 Language 13 ~
Chapter 3. Hox to Kork With the System (10 Exaaples) 69
Section 2. The ALPHA-6 3ystea 78
Chaptsr 4. Fluictioning of the AI,PIiA-6 Systea? ?8 ,
Chapter So Translation 85 ~
Cha.pter 6. Data Preparation 89
Chapter 7. Printing anci Perforation 91
Chapter 8. Program bcecution 93
Chapter 9. Prqgram Integration 96 :
chapter lo. Editirrig 99 ~
Chapter 11. Debug61u8 Facilities 103 ~
Chapter 12. The Library 10'r
r.58~'.t.~011 3. ~$g@$ Of t.~l@ Systea.~~~~~~~~~~~��~��~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~� 113
Chapter 13. Integration of the 5ystem Padtage 114 ,
Cha.pter 14. Language of System Instructions 121
Chapter 15. The ALPHA-6 Input Language 130 ~
Chapter 16. The Data Lrsnguage 211 :
Sectia~ 4. Error Diagnosis 214 ~
Chapter 17. Instructions for Use of the ~ateract~l~asr~tifst: ~ . � � � � � � . � � � � � . � � � 214 ~
Chapter 18. Prelia~ary Checking Inte2ee~ia~a..... 221 ~
127
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Psge
Chapter 19. Interactions of Syntactic Checking 235
Chapter 20~ Interactions of Semantic Cheddng 253
Chapter 21. Archive Interactions 267
Chapter 22. Interactions During Prograa EScecution 270
Appendix 1. Coding Types and Their Asaignatent 274
Appendix 2. Coding of Principal Sy~bols for ATsPU Alphannmeric Printer
BFSM-6 (G oS'r 10859-64, AT sPU-128-2) 276
Appendix 3. Representation of Service Words in Permanent Sto~ra~ge Unit
UPP codings UPP (BESM-6), YeS~ UPP (BESM-4), IBM, CDC............ 277 .
Appendix 4. Coding of Princip~l Syzbols and Service ilords oa the KU-2 Coder.. 2'j8
Appendix 5. Representation of GreeIt letters in Codinga UPP (BESM-6)~ UPP
(BESM-4), IBM~ CDC 280
Appendix 6. Identifications in the Bi1-4 Coding 281
Appendix 7. Internal Representatian of Syabols in Ro~s 282
Appendix 8. BESM-6 Resources Requiring the ALPHA-6 Syste~ for Functioning.... 286
Appendix 9. Descriptor and System Call Cards 286
Appendix 10. Stanciard Card Layouts 288
Appendix 11. Systea? Instruction List 291
Appendix 12. Work Graph 299 .
Appendix 13. The "beash" Operator Instructions List 304
Appendix 14. Linita.tioais on the ALPHA-Program 315
Appendix 15. Liaitations on Systei Pgakage Paraaeters aad Da,ta Representation. 320
Appendix 16. AI~GIBB-Progran Tran~ice.... 322
Appendix 17. ALGOL-Program Transl.atl~ .........................................323
Terminological. Dictionary 325
BiblioB~P~Y 344
Alphabetical Index of Defined Concepts and Syntactic Units of Section 3....... 34~6
COPYRIGHT: Glavnaya, redaktsiya fiziko-matematicheskoy literatury izdatel'stvo
"Ilauka" r 19'~'9 ~
[71-2174]
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i2s
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~
~
ABSTRACTS FROM Th'E JCURNAL 'CONTROL SYSTEM5 AND MACHINES'
Kiev UPRAYLYAYUSHC?~iIYE SI5TEMY I ~IAS:iINY in Russian No 5, 1980, pp 145~ 147~ 149, ;I
151 ~
UDC 681.3.51./6.~z ~
FUP1DAi~(ENTAL CONCEPTS OF RELIABILTTY THEORY IN ANALYSIS OF THE OPERATION OF CONTROL
PROGRAI~I PAQCAsE5 '
[Abstract of article by Lipayev, V. V., doctor of technica,l sciences, Moscow]
[Text~] Fundamental concepis of probability theory, na.~nely~ malflznction, failure ;
and restoration, are studied and formalized when used to ana,lyze the operation of
control program packages. The dependence between the reliability cha.racteristics ~
and the time lag of objects controlled by the program package is shown. The con- :
cepts of reliable and accurate programs are formalized. 4iays of using redundancy ~
to enha.nce the reliability of programs are described.
unc 681.3.06.2
F'ROBLEhIS OF COP4PIJT'.~R RESOURCE5 ALLOCATIOIZ IN SHARED COMPUTr'~t CENTER NETWORKS
[Abstract o~ article by La.vinskiy, G. V., and Maxinchenko~ B. V.~ Ukrainian branch~ ~
All-Union 3tate Plannin~ Institute, USSR Central Statistica,l Administration, Kiev~ ;
[Text~ 'ihe authors examine probler~s in the allocation of computer resources. The
problem of the location of sha.red computer centers and terminals is formulated and
reduced to a scheme of nonlinear discrete programming with Boolean vaxiables. An
al~;orithm is propose3 for the solution of this problem.
unc 62-52:681.3.06.2 ~
STANDA~D ~IULTILEV~;L SYST~l~i OF INFC?~i^.ATION 3UPERVIS03Y CONTROL AND S',JITCHING
[Abstract of article by i{rivono,ov, Yu. A.~ candida.te of technica.l sciences, and
Tsikalenko. V. S.~ candiciate of economic sciences~ Ukrainian branch~ All-Union
State Planning Institute~ USSR Central Statistical Adlainistration~ Kiev~ ~
'
129 ~
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[Text~ The authors examine the ba,sic concepts of construction and synthesis of
standard integrated systems of information-supervisory control and switching at all
hierarchic levels of control~ as well as the structure of control rooms in such
systems.
uDC 681.327.6
OPTIMIZATION OF NiAGNr.TIC TAPE STORAGE PARAMErERS DURING RANDOM DATA FLO'~J RECORDING
, [Abstra.ct of article by Chernyshev, V. M., engineer, Kiev~
[Text~ Processes of random da.ta flow recording on magnetic tape are examined. A
ma.thema.tical model of magnetic tape storage is constructed as a queueing system.
~ Storage operation quality criteria are su~gested which can be determined by embedded
I semi-Ma,rkov processes. The optimization problem is formulated.
unc 65. oi5.li
DESIGN OF LOGICAL PROCESSORS BASED ON READ ONLY ME1~IORIES
~Abstract of article by Balashov, Ye. P.~ doctor of technical sciences~ Negoda~ V.
N. , ca,ndidate of technica.l sciences~ and Puzankov, D. V. ~ candid~,te of technica.l
sciences~ of the Lenin~ra.d Order of Lenin ~lectrical Engineering Institute imeni
V. I. Lenin~ Lenin~;rad~
[Text~ Questions of the designing of logical processors based on read only memor-
ies are examined. A procedure is presented for converting the initial representa.-
tion of functions in~o flowchaxts by decision tables. Approa.ches to the minimiza-
tion of flowsheets and the structural synthesis of logical processors dependent on
them are proposed.
- uDC 68i.3.1~/zl
USE GF ELEM~^NT CODr, ANALY3IS TO SI1~:ULATE DIGITAL LSI CIRCUITS
[Absttact of article by Isyuk, V. I., and Mikha.ylov, B. N. ~ engineers~ Novosibirsk~
~ [Text~ A simple method of describing flznctional, logica,l and elective MOS circuits
I to fit problems of logical simulation, one readily realiza.ble with a computer~ is -
I proposed. In addition, it cioes not require development of a translator. A simula-
tion algorithm usin~; the given method of description is examined.
uDC 681.3.06.62
AUTOMATION OF MEMORY ALLOCATIOA' ON GRAPH ALGORTTHM MODELS
[Abstra.ct of article by Pogrebnoy~ V, K. , candidate of technica,l seiences, Tomsk
_ Polytechnic Institute~ Tomsk~
130
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[Text~ A method is proposed for solving the problem of automa.tic memory alloca,tion
for algorithms represented as graph models in the lan~uage of elementary ~nctions.
:~he method depends on the analysis of the information structure of the graph models~
on ~the application of the results of analysis to construct a matrix of mutual in- ~
compatibility in overlaying data. components~ and on the optimization of their match~
ing in the ma.in computer memory.
UD~� 681. 3. 06: ,51
COMPUT~R-AIDLD SYSrEI~ FOR 5Ii~L1LATIIr`G AIGGRITHMS FOR RADIOELEG�rRONIC ~EMENTS
ALLOCATION
[Abstract of article by Gondyul~ V. P., instructor, Ein'kovskiy. Yu. F.~ doctor of
technica.l sciences~ and Usatenko~ A. N., engineer. of Kiev Polytechnic Institute~
Kiev~ ~
[T ext~ Indicators of effectiveness of algorithms of effectiveness of integrated
circuit layout on printed boa.rds axe discussed, together with the factors they
depend on and their statistica.l interrelations. A specific structure is suggested
for a computer-aided simulation system to investigate layout al~orithms.
UDC 681.03.068 I
DIALOG SYSTEM FOR DEVELOPMEN'P OF PEOGRAMS r^GR TABULATED DOCUMENT PRODUGTION I
~Abstract of article by Rybalcov ~ S. V., engineer ~ Sirotkin, V. S. ca.ndida.te of tech-
nica.l sciences, and Khanykov, V. V. ~ en~ineer, Moscow~
~T ext~ Methais are proposed which result in automatic generation of a program
yielding an output document at a user's request. Employment of the methods in ~
practice is described. An example of program development is presented.
uDC 681.3.06.069
RECURSIV~ SiJBPRCGRAid REALiZATION IN FORTRAN
[Abstract of article by Livshits~ A. B., en~;ineer, Zaporozh'ye branch~ All-Union
Scien~tific Research and Design Institute, Scientific Production Association "Soyuz-
tsvetmetavtomatika~" Zaporozh'ye~
['~ext~ A procedure is proposed for representing recursive pro~rams in FORTRAN~ one
which assures the pro~ramming of problems with recursive structure and opens up new
possibilities for prograr?ming in FORTRAN.
- uDC 68i.3.o68
SEL~(.TION CF A RANDOrIIZATION r^UIIGTIGN IN ORGANIZING A FILE 'rJITH AN ARBITRARY
SCHEDUL~
[Abstract of article by Litvinov ~ V. A.~ and Ivanenko ~ V. I., doctors of technica.l
sciences~ Institution of Automation~ Kiev~
131
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[Text~ A generalized parametric randomiza,tion flanction ~that relies on the general
al~;orith of redundant codin~ of attributes is offered for a file with an axbitraxy
randomized structure. Problems of modeling the key-address transforraation process
and of selecting a specific randomization flinction are discussed.
unc bz-52:6a~.3.o6.z
SOME MEANS OF AUTOMATION OF T~CHNOLOGICAL ALGORZTHM DSSIGNII~G
[Abstract of article by Umbetvayeva~ B. A., engineer~ Shared Multicomputer Center,
USS~ State Committee for Publishing Houses~ Printing Plants and the Book Trade,
Alma,-Ata~
[Text~ The author examines questions regarding the rea.lization of algorithms for
constructin~; and analyzing the quasi-Polish representation of a graph describing
the technology of problem solving in computer-aided management systems.
uDC 681.3.06
REALIZAI'IOI1 OF A 5YNTACTICALLY CO~NTROI,LED !lNALYZER IN A SYSTEM F'OR TEACHING A
PROGRAMrQNG LANGUAGE
~Abstract of article by Drobushevich~ G. A., assistant professor, and To Tuan,
graduate student, of Belorsssian Sta,te University~ I+Iinsk~
~Text~ A procedure of control grammar modifica.tion is proposed for effective
reali~.ation of a synta.ctica.lly controlled analyzer of teaching systems. A mod.ified
control ,,rammar metalan~ua~~ is described, as well as the problem of its use in the
~-technology of programming.
unc 681.3�05~/9~
r^.,DUCATIUNAL-PROC~SS-O~Ir.NTr~ 50FTWARE
[Abstract of article by Zvenigorodskiy~ G. A.~ ~raduate student~ Computer Center,
- Siberian Department~ USSR Aca.demy of Sciences, Novosibirsk~
[Text~] The requirements are formulated for lan~,=ua,ge means of interaction with com-
puters necessary for the work of students in infarmation science in and out of
school. The composition. strategy of design and implementa.tion of software for the
educa,tional process in school are defined~ as well as the place belonging to tha,t
software in the ~;eneral system softKare. Various wa.ys of implementing the pupil- ~
oriented pro~rammin~; system now in use and experience in tea.ching pupils are de-
scribed.
132
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unc 681.3.06
~iIKALU--A ~IIGH-LEVEL PLICROPRC~RAt~IMING LAIIGUAGE
[Abstract of article by Valantinas~ I. I.~ candidate of technical sciences~ Zhin-
telis~ B., candidate of technical sciences, Kanapyatskas~ P. N.~ senior scien-
tific associate~ Karbauskas, Yu. Yu., assistant, Karck~yauskas, E. K., candidate of
technical sciences~ and Otas, A. P.~ senior scientific associate, Kaunas Polytechnic ~
Institute, Kaunas~
~Text~ The article presents TiIKALU~ a high-level microprogramtning language devel- ~
oped to describe algorithms for the operation of digital devices without confining
itself to specific devices. T he la,r~uage syntax is comprehensively described.
Applica.tions of constructions of the language are discussed.
uDC 62-5z:681.3.06.2 ~
PALMA DATA BASE CONTROL SYSTEM ~
[Abstract of article by Glushkov, V. M., academician~ Bakayev~ A. A.~ corresponding ~
member~ and Kramarenko~ R. P. ~ candida.te of technical sciences~ Special Technologi-
ca.l Desi~n Bureau~ Production Association~ Institute of Cybernetics, UkSSR Academy
of Sciences~ ~
[Text~ The authors discuss principles underlying the design of t he PALMA data base
control system. which makes it possible to judge a great variety of views of remote
users of fundamental data and to cover all aspects of da.ta ba.se control. A multi-
level relational data. base model is realized in the system.
~ unc 681. 3. 06/ . 69
COMPARISON OF VARIOUS DATA STRUCT[TRES WITH RE~'PRII~iCE TO R�TRIEYAL PFFICIENCY
[Abstract of article by Bartkus~ A.-A. T.~ candidate of technical sciences~ and
Zhilinskas, R. G., instructor, Viiniue�3tate Uaiversity~ :
[Text] Various methods of mana~ement of an indexed sequential file are studied. ~
Those methods are compa,red with one another and their retrieval efficiency is es-
timated by their activity coefficients and block sizes. Preference fields are
established for specific management methods.
unc 681.3.06:519.z.65
PROGRAM PAQCAGE OF A UNIFIED INFORMATI4N SYSTEM
~Abstract of article by K oros~til'~ Yu. M., engineer, All-Union Institute of Welding
Production, Kiev~
[Text] A program package is considered which automa.t~cally forms a required in-
formation system in accordance with data described in a special manner.
133
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uDC bz-18i.~
~ ADAPTABI,E INFORMATION SYSTEMS ~3ASED ON SMAI,L COMPUTERS _
[Abstract of article by Kusrashvili~ S. G.~ engineer~ Institute of Cybernetics,
� UkSSR Academy of Sciences, Kievl
[Text' An information system based on the YeS-1010 computer is described. The
ease with which data axe przpared~ visual control of stored data, simplicity of -
editing and feasibilit y of initiatin~ hierarchic and network search by automa.tic-
ally formuZated concept tables enable a large number of users to efficiently use
this system in solving problems in various fields of science and engineering.
unc 68i.3.o6./9~
REAL TIME PHYSICAL DATA PROCESSING
[Abstract of article by Malinovskiy~ B. Pl. , correspanding member, UkrSSR Aca.demy of
Sciences, Boyon, V. P., candida,te of technical sciences, and Kozlov~ L. G., candid-
ate of technica,l sciences~ of the Institute of Cybernetics~ UkSSR Academy of Sc:i-
ences~
[T ext~ Featur~s of data processing algorithms in real-time systems wit h instantan-
eous processes are discussed. ~Ietho~s enhancing the throughput a.nd speed of data
- processing ~acilities in such systems are proposed.
uvc 62-5zs681.3.06.2
~ Pt~SSIBLE TYPE,S OF INTERACTION ZN COMPUTER-A~SISTID RESEARCH SYSTEM5
[Abstract of article by Nakhmanson~ M. S.. candidate of physica.l and ma.thematical
sciences~ and Shul'meyster~ V. M., englneer, of 'Burevestnik" Scientific Production
_ Association, Leningrad~ _
[Text~ On examples of specific computer-assis~e~: research systems the authors dis-
cuss four types of interaction between the researcher and an instrument on the ba,sis ~
of a mini-computer, interaction which can be accomplished. during scientific re-
search: interac~ior~ of the "menu selection" type~ ordina.ry dialo~;~ dialog dependent
ofn the set of directives and on the BASIC-oriented language, It was found tha.t
ordinary dialog and dialo~ ba,sed on the s~ecial-purpose set of directives are the
, most suitable types of intera.ction in t~e designing of computer-assist ed instru-
' ments.
uDC 681. 31: ( 6zo .16 + 623
SYSTEM FOP, AUTOMATTON OF RE~E~RCH I1~PP0 NtECHAATICAL PROPERTIES OF CONSTRUCTION
Ml~TERIAL~ UNDER NE[JTRON IPRADIATION �
~kbstraet of article by Voloshchenko, A. P. , Grishko, V. G., Lukashev, V. K.~ and
Aleksandrov ~ V. Yu. ~ candidates of technica,l sciences, and Artamonov ~ V. N. and
Dyma,rskiy. L. 1~.~ en~ineers~ Special Technological Design Bureau~ Institute of
_ Strength Problems, UkSSR Academy of Sciences, Kiev~
~ 134
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~
~Text~ The architecture of an infor.mation control system to automate investi~a,tions '
in~o the mecha,nical properties of construction materials under neutron irradiation
is discussed. The composition of modules of this system and features of its soft- ~
~aare structure are defined. ; _
uDC 681. 3. 51. /6 .~r2 c
?~'UNCTIONAL URGATTIZATION OF DYNAMIC SIMULATION IN A SYSTEM OF AUTOMATION OF PHYSIGAL
' LABORATORY EXPEFcIr'IENTS '
[Abstract of article by ~Jystavkin, A. N.,ld~etoof theelnstituteCOfnRadio En~ineer-
chevskaya, L. L.~ junior scientific assoc a~ duate
ing and Electronics, USSR Acad.emy of Sciences (IR~) ~ Novozhilov, N. L. ~ gra
student, t4oscow Technica.l School imeni Il. E. Bauman~ and Romanovtsev~ V. `J., can-
did.ate of physica.l and mathematica.l sciences ~ IRE, I~Ioscow~ _
[Text~ The principle of ~l.inctioning of a dynamic simulation subsystem in a measure- ~
ment-co;nputin~: complex intended for the automation of several independent experi-
ments is proposed. ?his principle permits foreca.sting the state of the system~ i
estimatin~; the dep,ree of its utilization and making a decision on the tactics of
investi~;ation in the course of experiments.
- uDC 6z-5z:681.3.06.44
STRUCTURAL 5YNTHESIS OF CEN?'RALIZED CONI'ROL SYSTEMS FOR NUMERZCALLY CONTROLLID
MACHINE TOOL SECPIONS
- ~Abstract of article by ~atmirov ~ V. A., doctor of technical sciences, ENIMS (Order ~
of the Red Banner of Labor Exper.~mental Scientific Reseaxch Institute of N~achine ;
Tools~ , Nioscow, ~naksa.rev, A. M. , engineer, Scientific Production Association
"T sentrpro^;rammsi stem, " Kalinin, and Yakunin ~ V. A.~ candidate of technical scien-
ces~ L'~llrt~~ ,
~'I'ext~ Dependences that enable optimizing structures of centralized control sys- -
tems for work sections equipped with numerically controlled tools are derived by ,
the criterion of to~tal expenses per unit of time and by ma.thematical apparatus of
queueing theo.r.y. Fields of efficient use of differently structured contro~ systems
- of numerica.lly cor~trolled machine tool secl:ions are defined. ~
uDC 6z-5z:68i.3.o6.4~r ,
OPEBATIN:s DA'~A E:CC~IAN~=E ~'i~M IN COMPUTER-AIDED PRODUCTION PROCESS CONTROL SYSTEM _
LMPLOYED AT A Y.YD~OEL~,CTRIC POrIER STATIGN '
[Abstract of article by Shestunov, E. A.~ engineer~ GicLroproyekt Scientific
Research Station, Vysh~orod,
[Text~ Methods and resul:s of structurization as well as langua,~es and al~orithms
of functionin{; of the operatin~ control system of a computer-aided ~roduction pro-
cess control system employed at a rydroelectric power station are described. The
135 !
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formulated principles of or~;anization of those subsystems discussed in the article
(da,ta represen~tation~ the operator's paxiel, documentation~ operations check and
reference-instruction inforrna,tion) of control and representation lan~uages realized
, by means of a vocabulary display, the .~raphic control panel and a standa,rd display
are applica.ble to the con~rol of other production processes and can be used as
standarcl solutions.
uDC 681.3.o6:62z.269i9
DESCRIPTI~N OF A DYNAN'QC IDENTIFICATION PROGRAM PAC~AGE
[Abstract of article by iReles~ko, V. I., candidate of technica,l sciences~ NAZYROVA,
V, P., en~ineer~ and ZABARA, I. M.~ junior scientific associate, Kha.r'kov State
University~ Khar'kov~
[Text~ A description is given of the structure, information and flinctional sub-
systems~ main mod~..iles and a problem-oriented language of a dynamic identifica.tion
pro,F;ram lan f;uage .
UDC 681.3.51.~6.42
PAQCAGE OF APPLIED PROGRAMS FOR :~fODr~ING THE MOVCMENT OF PLANE GEOMEPRIC OBJECPS
IN A COMPUTER-AIDED D~SIGN SYSTEM
[Abstract of article by Nikitin~ A. I., doctor of technica,l sciences, Institute of
Cybernetics~ UkSSR Aca.d�emy of Sciences~ Kiev~ and Popov~ V. L.~ engineer, and
Pustyl'nik~ G. ~'i.~ junior scien~ific associate~ Al1-Union Scientific Research
In~titute of Electrica.l ~rla.chine and Appa.ratus Bi~ilding~ Kha,r'kov~
~Text~ Algorithms and principles of realiza,tion of a pa.ckage of applied programs
for modelin~; the movement of plane ~eometric objects are described. The package
is used in a computer-aided design system ,~hen arranging construction elements
with respect to ~iven constraints.
uDC 681.327.634
ORGANIZATION OF INP(TT-OiJTPfTP AND RXTSRNAL Fl~JCIBLR MAGNSTIC DISKS IN S~I CO1~fJTERS
- [Abstract of article by Borisov~ A. V.~ 5osnovskiy, A. K., Gzhi~anov, `lu. M.~ and
Cher.epanov~ Y. A., engineers~ "Elektronmash" Production Association~ Kiev~
['rext~ I'.roblems in the organization of the external flexible magnetic disk stor-
_ age for St~~-3 and . 3~ i-~ control computer complexes are exa.mined. Instructions and r
the structure of the main re~isters of the controller of such disks are described.
COPYRIGH~': IZDATEL'SiVO "*,AUKOVA DUMKA"
"UPRAVLYAYUSHCHIYE SISTEI~IY I MASHI,iY" 1y80
~ y-~-2174]
2174
cso: 18b3 ~
136
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