JPRS ID: 9424 SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA REPORT

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• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP82-00850R000300060005-7
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• Original Classification: U
• Document Page Count: 53
• Document Creation Date: November 1, 2016
• Sequence Number: 5
• Content Type: REPORTS

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JPRS L/9424 -
3 December 1980 ~
~ Sub-S~haran Africa Re ort ~
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- Fouo No. s~s _
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F~IS 1=0REIGN BROADCAST INFORIVIATION SERVICE -
' FOIt ~JFF[CIAL USE ONT,Y
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NOTE
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� Unfamiliar names rendered phonetically or transliterated are
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JPRS L/9424
3 December 1980
~ SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA REPORT
FOUO No. 699
- CONTENTS
INTER-AFRICAN AFFAIRS
_ Meeting of CEAO Financial Backera Held
(MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS, 24 Oct 80) 1
Cosmnentary on Succeas of CEAO
(JEUNE AFRIQUE, 29 Oct 80) 3
Resulta of Survey on Expectations~for Future Publiahed
(Michel Crouzet; J'EUNE AFRIQUE, 22 Oct 80) . S
Lipteko-Gourma Projects Reported
(MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEF.NS, 24 Oct 80) 7
Briefa
Beninese Incluaion in Force 9 "
FOSIDEC Meeting in Niamey 9
_ ANGOLA
Reportage on Recent Elections~ Future Proapecta
- (Augueta Conchiglia; AFRIQUE-ASIE, 27 Oct 80) 10 -
Briefs
Alleged FNLA Reactivation 13
Commenta on Oil Production 13 _
CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC
Briefe
French Aid to Birao 14
- CCPT Cloaed 14
CHAD
Briefs
- Data on Libyan Aircraft Bombing Capital 15
- - a - [~II - NE & A - 120 FOUO]
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COMORO ISLANDS
Political, Economic Developments Reported ~
(MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS, 17 Oct 80) 16
CONGQ ~
Briefa
: French Foreatry Cooperation 19
ETHIOPIA
Briefs
ADF Loan for Tea 20
GABON
MPmberehip in Pan-African Organizations Relinquished
(MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS, 7 Nov 80) 21
GUINEA--IiISSAU
Briefs
New Constitution Under Study 22
IVORY COAST
Statue of French-Ivorian Relationa Examined
' (Dechir Ben Yahmed; JEUNE AFRIQUE, 22 Oct 80) 23
MALI
- Briefa
PRC Pharmaceutical Plant Asaistance 27 -
MOZA.MBIQUE -
Briefa
Bomb Exploaion 28
NIGER -
Fresident Reporta on Food Situation
(MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS, 17 Oct 80) 29
~ Briefe
Well-Di~ging Program 30
Coal Mine 30
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NIGERIA
Activitie: of Oil Companies, Production Diac~ussed
(MARCHES TROPICAIJX ET MEDITERRANEENSi 24 Oct 80) 31
Oil Production Decresae
Oil Reserves
Oil Companies Ac t ivitiea
SENEGAL
Briefe -
Rninfall Deficiency 34
Argentine Agreemente 34
. Solar Energy 34
TANZANIA
Briefs
President on Shortages 36
Measurea Promoting ~omestic Enterprises 36 _
Gontrol Over Cap i tal Withdrawals 36 -
More ExporCs to FEC 36
Coffee Harvest 37
IDA Loan 37
Lonrho Agreement Being Negotiated 37
- UGANDA
- Briefe
Cuban-Ugandan NegotiaCione 38 -
ZAIRE
Zairian Defaults to l'oreign Creditors _
(MARCHE S TROP I~CAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS , 27 Oc t 80 39
Briefs -
Night Navigation 41 -
Cooperation With Belgium 4~
Saudi Assiatance 41
Allocation of Foreign Currency 41 =
Cooperation With PRC 42
Cooperation With Japan 42 _
Cooperation With GDR 42 `
~ UN Program for Development 42
Foreign Exchange, Trade 4z
Oil Production 42
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zar~sz~
- Tense Social Situation Reported
(MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRAN~ENS, 24 Oct 80) 43
ZIMBA$WE
Mugabe Criti~al cf French Aid
(RoberC Mugabe Interview; JEUNE AFRTQUE, 29 Oct 80) 45
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INTER-AFRICAN AFFAIRS
- I~:EETING OF CEAO FINANCIAL BACKERS HELD
Faris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French 24 Oct 80 p 2610
[Article: "CEAO. Financial Backers' Meeting in Guagadougou. Financing
for 2,634 Wells and Drillings, and 6 Communal Institutions"J
[Text] A meeting of financial backers of the West African Economic Ccr.mnunity
(CEAO) was held in Ouagadougou on 14-15 October, in the presence of delegates
from France, the FRG and Sw~den, and representatives of over 15 national and
international financing institutions, among which the EEC, USAID, ~he BADEA
[Arab Bar.:: _`or African Economic Development], the Kuwaiti Fund, OPEC, the
IRBD [International Bank for Reconstruction and DevelopmentJ, the ADB
(African Develogment Bank], the BOAD [West African Development Bank], the =
FAO fexpansion unknown) and UNICEF.
The final communique published at the end of the m~eting underlines that the
participants have adopted all of the "villaqes and livestock water-supply"
program, with a schedule providinq for 2,634 wells and drillings te be
realized starting in December 1981, at a total cost of 11.359 billion CFA
francs. The breakdown of this program by countries is as follows:
- Ivory Coast: 300 drillings financed by the World Bank;
- Upper Volta: 720 operations (400 well:a and 320 drillings) financed by _
France (200 drillings), the BOAD and, if necessary, the Kuwaiti Fund;
- Mali: 500 operations (250 wells and 250 drillings) financed by the BAD
(drillings) and the Kuwaiti Fund; -
~ - Mauritania: 364 operations (120 drillings and 244 wells) financed by -
- the Kuwaiti Fund;
- Niger: 500 operations (100 drilli.ngs and 400 wells) financed by the
BADEA and the BOAD;
- Senegal: 250 operations (125 drillings and 125 wells) financed by the
Kuwaiti Fund.
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Through the national cells, the UND~ IUnited I3ations Development ProgramJ,
will finance grants, technical assistance and equipment purchases; i~ will
~lso contribute ona million dollars to set up'a regianal cell. The United
Nations Equipmen~t Fund will supply equipment to the states.
As for communal ir.stitutions:
- The financing of studies concerning the School of Mines and Geology
(EMIG in Niamey) has been entrusted to France; it will involve 500
million CFA francs. Construction (6 billion CFA francs) will be
entrusted to ADB, France, the European Developmen~ Fund and the FRG.
- The Textile Industry Staff College at Segou in Mali, the total cost of
which is estimated to be 5 billion CFA francs, will be financed by France
for all of the studies and part of the realization. The remainder will
be financed by the ADB, the European Development Fund and the World
Bank.
- The Regional Solar Energy Research and Production Center (CRES in
Bamako, 8.4 bi.llion CFA francs) will be financed by France, the UNDP,
the FRG, the ADB and USAID.
- The Hiqher Institute for Halieutic Science and Tech.^.~logy (ISSTH in
Nouadhibou): 1.5 billion CFA francs; studies will be financed by the
CEAO, realization by the Iranian Fund.
- Higher African Business Man~.gement Center (CESAG in Dakar, 2.8 billion
CFA) financed by the World Bank, the OPEC Fund, the UNDP, USAID, the
FAC [Aid and Cooperation Fund] and the CEAO.
- The Nouakchott Cooperative for Purchasing, Ship Commissioning and
Fishery Product Marketing: a negoti~.tion schedule extenciing from
_ November 1980 to January 1981, to provide financinq for this 7.3 billion
CFA franc project, has been approved by the participants.
A second meeting af CEAO financial backers has been scheduled for October
1981 to provide financing for the total cost of the second stage of these
pro~ects.
~ COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie Paris 1980
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- INTER-AFRICAN AFFAIRS
~
COMMENTARY ON SUCCESS OF CEAO
Paris JEUNE AFRIQUE in French 2� Oct 80 p 51
[ArticZe: "Succes~ for CEAO"]
_ [Text] Let me say it ri~ht away: it is exceptional for a journalist to be
able to watch, from the inside, all phases of a negotiation. This opportu-
nity was given to me by the general secretariat of the West African Economic
Community (CEAO) during the �'financial backers' meeting" which was held in
~ Ouagadougou (Upper-Volta~ on 14-15 October 1980. I was in the room where
the discussions were taking ~lace and, during these 2 days, I hav~ seen
- practically everything.
- Let us recall that CEAO is an embryo of a common market between six African
states: Ivor~ Coast, Upper-Volta, Mali, Mauritania, Niger and Senegal. in
~ Ouaqadougou, discussions were about the 3evelopment of projects concerning -
_ a~.l of these states: four cnlleges (fishexy, management, textiles, mines),
a regional. solar energy center, a village and livestock water-supply ~
program and, finally a purnhasing, ship commissioning and fishery product
marketing company.
Specific to the Sahel
_ In addition to the French and FRG delegations, no less than 16 international
organizations, from the World Bank to the UNESCO, and including OPEC, the
. Kuwaiti Fund, the FAO, etc were represented ar Ouaga-
dougou. Ensuring that all these people would work toqether required an _
acute sense of organization, a lot of tact, and also a quality whicYs may
be specific to the Sahel, namely gentleness. The General Secretariat of ~
the CEAO possesses all of these qualities, which is why the Ouagadougou
meeting was such a success.
Certainly, skeptics will point to the cost of such meetings. In fact, the
physical attendance in the Upper-Volta capital of many of these high
officials may not have been quite indispensable... However, one cannot ,
make CEAO responsible for the truly cancerous proliferation of international
bureaucracy. -
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Alliances
Also, one will notice that, before all these projects are realized, they
will iiave to go through many a difficult stage, and especially that some
of them are not of glaringly obvious economic interest to the region. Z
am thinking of the textile school and the fishery cooperative, taking into
accouat both what is in existence taday and lonq-term prospects.
' CEAO itself is not without fault. In front of the very elegant building
where it has its offices, water fountains are gushing forth continuously,
a tantalizing torment for the population of a country where water shortage
is dramatic. As for the anticipated construction of a 1,000 seat auditorium,
it is not reasonable on the part of CEAO and it hurts its image.
This being said, the seven projects mentioned above have now been launched
for good, which is a record is one considers the usual delays in this kind
of operations. In addition, one has deplored long enough ~the "balkanization"
of Africa and its negative impact on African economy, not to welcome the
communal effort undertaken in mid-October in the Upper-Volta capital.
The:re is still raore to be said. With my own eyes, I have seen these men
_ who had come from opposite horizons, who were representi.ng diverging
interests, discuss around the same table without ever--or hardly ever--
raising their voices. I have seen strange tactical alliances form and cnme
- undone, and I have seen personal considerations of prestige, even of
career, come to the surface.
Tha Common Good
Past resentments, passions, even hatred, were at the meeting. The solar
project, in particular, was fiercely negotiated, which proves that it
represents an important stake, not only for the Sahel countries, but. for
all other parties, especially France, the ~'RG and OPEC. And so, discussions
will have to resume on 2-3 December next i;1 Brussels.
In spite of all, what finally triumphed, without the participants even
being aware of it, and sometimes in spite of them, that was a certain
care for the common good. Good news is not that common in Africa, so
Let us bring this one to the attention of as many people as possible.
COPYRIGHT: Jeune Afrique GRUPJA 1980
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- INTER-AFRICAN AFFRIRS
RESULTS OF SURVEY ON EXPECTATIONS FOR FTiTURE PUBLISHED
Paris JECTNE AFRIQIIE in French 22 Oct 80 p 83
[Article by Michel Crouzet: "Nationalism First"]
[Text] Fewer readers answered this time. But the results are
interesting.
Afri~ans, how do you see your future? That is the question we asked (JEUNE AFRIQUE
- No 10'23/1024). It drew a lot of interest from those readers who decided to answer..
The letters that were often attached to the questionnaires assure us of that.
Unfortunately, there were not as many readers as we would have liked: about 4
times lesR than in our previous surveys.
- However, we cannoz assume that Africans are indifferent to *_heir fuiure. And
indifference fs not the cause of this relative siience but. a very simple fact: from
Cameroon, the Ivory Coast, Morocco and Tunisia, that is the four countries which we
questioned in a special fashion, we received answers. From the others, almost none.
Have their citizens considered the ~oint portion of the survey too aubtle with
reference to the others? And did they believe it was insignificant since four of
the 50 African nationa were especially called upon to spe3k out? But that would be
c~ sign of nationalism and the letters received at BP250 seemed nevertheless to want
tc~ be beyond that.
However that may be, we cannot try to analyze the results rigorously. Prudently,
we must limit ourselves to indicate some of the tendencies which seem to stand out.
--People are convinced that living standards are better than 20 yeara ago: that is �
true of three out of every four readers in the Ivory Coast, Morocco and Tunisia,
_ but of. only one out of two in Cameroon.
--People hesitate to recommend radical changes in society; reforms are preferred:
two readers out of three think this way in Cameroon, the Ivory Coast and Morocco,
but one out of every two in Tunisia.
--People are pessimistic of child~en's chances for success: one out of every two
_ Cameroonians, Ivorians and Tuniaians believe that they have less chance to succeed
than their parents. The proportion is one out of three in Morocco.
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In Cameroon and the Iwo~y Coast, people would like a more neutral foreign policy;
in Morocco and Tunisia, they would like a more pro-Arab stance.
The ma~ority prefers a lay option in Cameroon, the Ivory Coast and Tunisia, a
religi~us option in Morocco; but the majority is quite limited.
--There ie a feeling that things are going better in Tunieia (three readers out of
four), less we11 in the Ivory Coast (two readers of every three).
_ --Among the foreign powers, people accuse mainly France in Cameroen; the Soviet
Unl.on, in the Ivory Coast.
--In Tunisia and Cameroon education is considered the positive factor in the evolu-
tion of society; in Morocco, political pluralism; in the Ivory Cor,st, economic
_ liberalism.
- --In Cameroon, the Ivory Coast and Tunisia, ~he one-party syatem is placed first among
the negative fact~rs in the evolution of the country; in Morocco, it is the Saharan
conflict that is criticized the most. Readers generally chose socialism, even if
they are somewhat skpetical of attaining their ideals.
Finally, here are some of tk~e very clear-cut positions that we gathered (90 percent
of answers):
--Came.roon is interested in remaining a member of the UDEAC (Customs and Economic
Union of Central Africa), which :~hould be expanded to other countries in cent~al.
Africa;
--The Ivory Coest must remain a part of ECOWAS and of the Entente Counc~.l.
_ --For the Moroccans, the intransigence of Algeria and Libya exp~ains the lengthening
of the Saharan conf lict, a territory where nothing must be ~iven up, in their opinion.
~ --If therE~ must be union by stages with Libya, as two thirds of Tunisians believe,
this unicn muet be expanded to other countries of the Maghreb.
Once more, the observations above must be handled with care. Let us point out
anyway that in Cameroon and Tunisia, people tried shyly but clearly to weigh the
- resul*9 to benefit such or such a politician. From the precariousness cf th~s
analysis, at least one conclusion seems clear: We must not give the impression
that we are favoring one country at the expense of the others in a survey. We will
= therefore follow this line of conduct from now on.
COPYRiGHT: Jeune Afrique GRUPJIA ~980
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IN'~ER-AFRICAN AFFA7RS
~ LIPTAKO�GOURMA PROJECTS REPORTEn
� Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French 24 Oct SO p 2617 -
[Article: "Liptako-~ourma: The Organization Is Going To Undertake the ~
- RealizaLion of li~velopment Projects"; passages ex~closed in slantlines
= printed in boldface]
[Text) The Integrated Development Au~hority for the Liptako-Gourma region
has started on the second stage of its work, that of the realization of
d~velopment projects, after completing the first theoretical stage of iden-
tification of objectives and preparation of documents, the Authority's _
general manager, Mr Bakary 1'oure, stated on 2 October.
v As the AFP xecalls, the Authority was created in December 1970 by the heads
of state of Upper-Volta, Mali and Niger, to solve in common their preblems
related to the development of agricul~ural, mining and energy resources in
the Liptako-Gourma region which extends in the three countries over a
- 370,000 squgre kilometers' area. Once the irrigation project has been
- realized, this region--which now has a population of some 4.5 million
people increasing rapidly--could supply meat and grai~s to West Afrlca -
and make it indepen8ent from importations from outside the continent.
_ With respect to the emergency program started in April 1979, concerning
� the ~agricultural, f~restry and livestock farming sector/ and drought
c~ntral, the Authority has already sta,rted programs providing for the
- creation of mobile fumigation units for the preservation of food products,
increased use of draft animals and agricultural equipment for land cultiva-
tion, a vaccination campaiqn against cattle plaguE, and the development of -
poul.try farminc~, especially in I~iger. Fin~ncinq for other points of
this emergency program is under negotiation, Mr Toure stated.
- In addition, thanks mainly to financial as~istance from the African Develop-
= ment Bank, prepaxatory work to connect ~he r~gion's /telecommunications/
- network to the outside are n.oFV under way, as well~as technical studies for
the realization of the road system, and the corresponding dossiers should ~
~ ~,oon be submitted to tht donor countries.
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' In�the ;~mining sector,/ the aerial prospection campaign which has taken
place with Canadian financing is now completed, and the Authority is con-
ducting a ground ir~vestigation of the most promising areas, e~pecially with
re~spect tv copper, manganese and pho~phatES.
_ The general manager stressed that the esaential problem arising in the
cour~e of the development of this region is that of low-cost /transporta-
- tion,/ and that railroads and national and secondary roads must be built _
- in this region which, at present, does not have any. Mining prospection,
Mr Toure also said, will be compromisefl if the railroad project is not ;
realized, and livestock farming will not be very profitable. .
Although it has its own development fund endowed with an ini~ial 600 million ~
CFA francs donated by the three member countries, Mr Toure said, the
Authority relies mainly on foreign financing and assistance from the World
Bank for its projects. However, while it is relatively easy to obtain
financing for project studies, difficulties will arise as soon as funds
are needed to realize these projects. In addition, delays in the acquisi-
tion of funds are encountered; they are due mainly to the procedures
required by donor countries which use various protitability criteria.
Mr Toure stated his optimism concerning the starting of priority projects; ~
he feels that most of them--except that of the Tambao-Ansongo and �
Dori-Tera-Niamey railroad connections--will not meet with serious financing
difficulties. -
COPYR7~E~'T: RPne Moreux et Cie Paris 1980
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- INTER-ARRICAN AFFAIRS
~
BRIEFS
~ BEHINESE INCLUSION IN FORCE--One of the hostile leaders, Hissein Habre, head of the
- Northern Armed Forces (FAN) made clear his refusal. He directly caaanunicated this -
- at the Lome conference (Togo, 18-19 October) where he met Goukouni Queddei, offic-
~.ally head of the ~egal Nd'~amena goverrnnent--under the mandate of the four "wise -
men appointed by the OAU [Organization of African Unity] (Benin, Congo Guinea, Togo~.
- Eiissein Habre gave thia resFonse to the Beninese president, Mathieu Kerekou, who
talked of considering him as a dissident, and not as an opponent entj.rely apart from
the conference. [Text] [Paris JEUNE AFRIQUE in French 29 Oct 80 p 58] 8870 -
i FOSIDEC MEETING IN NIAMEY--A meeting of the board of assistant-directors `
of the Solidarity and Intervention Fund for the Development of the West
'1 A�rican Economic Community (FOSIDEC) was held in Niamey on 17 October,
In. his o~eninq apeech, the qenerel secretary of C~^: Mr Moussa Ngom~
underlin~d tYi~t, s~.nce last June, the Fund has made s~x interventi~ns
concerning development g.r.ojecta. The meeting is go~ng to prepare a report
on it9 activities, to be presented to the Council of Ministers of the
Community at its meeting in Niamey, starting 22 October. [Text] Paris
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ANGOLA
- ItEPORTAGE ON RECENT ELECTIONS, FUTURE PR03PECTS
~ !
Paris ArRIQUE-ASIE in French 27 Oct 80 pp 49-51
' [Article by Augusta Cc~nchiglia: "The People's Assembly"j
� [Excerpts] 'Lhe deadline set by Pres~.dent Agostinho Neto for the establishment of ~
the people's AsePmbly, which will be the highest orga~n of the Ar.golan Go~ernment,
has been reapected. The first phase in the process designod to permit the attain-
ment of this ob~ective came to a close on Sunday, 12 October, ~;ith the election of
= the provincial paogle's assemblies, each having fsom 55 to 85 deput.ies, depending _
on the region. Finally, in about a month, the electione of the 206 deputies in
' the P~uple's Assembly will take place. The Assemb~y wi11 meet in Lua~nda, where it
will replace the c~irrent Council of the Revolution. It should be recalled that the -
latter, which incl.udes the Central Committee of the MPLA-Labor Party an~~ g~vernment -
_ and army officials appointed by the president, have heretofore had the esaential
prerogatives legislati~ve and control over the executive appazatus thati kill
no~, belong to the PeopZe's Assembly.
Thi.s democratization of the government, in accordance ~rith the concept of "people's
= power" implied by the liberation struggle waged by the MPLA for 2 decades, wae
plenned from the very time of the proclamation of independence on 11 Novemb2r 1975,
~ with thp constitution which the new People's Republic of Angola 'had given itself.
However, it was necessary to find a procedure and establish the structures that could
' bring it about.
- Today, at ~7 time when the party, collowiag a Iong r~organization of inembers of the
- Movement, has strengthened its structurea and consolidated its foundations, and when
the fight against the "bureaucratization" of government employees becomes increas-
ingly essential, it has become apparent that the e~tabliahment of the structures of
" people's government is not only poss.~ble, but indispensable. The integration of -
workers regular workers and peasante into ~11 the nation's leadershi.p struc- -
, tures is actually deemed in Luanda to be one of the most effective weapons for -
checking the paralyzing weight of that "parallel government" constituted by a large
- part of the strata of the t~ureaucratic petty ~ourgeoisie. -
12 Oc~a~~r EJ.ections
The elections of 12 O~t~ber therefore took place following a process begun in August
and similar to the one which permitted the "rectifi~ation" effort in the ranks of
party members. Throug?~out the country, in the course of assemblies held at pZaces
- ].0
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of work, in barracks, hospitals, communes and municipalities, the people elected a
Cotal of 6,750 delegates, chosen from among citizens having demonstrated their
commitment to national reconstruction and the interests of the community. It is
, theae delegates, meeting in provincial electoral confer~nces, who elected the depu-
riea tc~ the proviacial assemblies. Candidates for the deputies' seate were pro-
posed by the party, the party youth and maea organizations (trade unions, women's -
organizations) that had selected "e~lements dee~Pd to be moat active politically
and the most experienced," according to the criterion defined by the election law.
' However, the r~presentatives of the people who were invested with the power to ~
vote alsa had the right tu di~cuss and re~ect ~he candidates presented. For exam-
p1e, in Huambo Province, three of the candidates presented by the party and the
~ maes organizations were rejected, inasmuch as the delegates meeting in electoLal
conference ,judged that "they have not m~t the test for a long time." In other
_ worde, u~hi.le the poesibility of contesting the candidates presented has not always -
been totally understood everyw*here, the cor~frantation with the rank and file,
thrc,ugh the delegates elected bq the population, was of cardinal importance for
pr~venting the entry int~ the structures of the people's governm~nt of opportunistic
elements. In the other pr~;Tinces, including those mos~ affected by Sou~h African
aggression and the sabotage oi Savimh~i's bands, the elections went off wi~hout
incident, even if the debates in which delegates engaged concerning each ca~didate
were sometimes very heat~d.
_ It should be notzd that all Angolans over the age of 18 had the right to participate
- in the election process and to be elected, regardless "of color, race, sex, ethnic -
c~ri~in, place of birth, religion," and so on. The only persons preven*_ed from
votinR are those iound guilty of activ2 memberahip in sPlinter gro~ps and puppet
� orgnnizati~ne or of having participated in criminal acti.ons againat the people or
sabott~ge and who have not been rehabilitated. Without a doub~, an election process
of this type always neceasarily gives the advantage to ~srban centers over rural
areas (a lar~er number of women were elected in the working centers of Huambo and
~ Luanda). However, this vast mobilization of the people brought about thr.ough
a~aemblies for tihe election of the "grand electors" meeting throughout the country
which pre~eded the 12 October election, will certainly con~ribute to greater na-
tional unity.
We know the importance of this matter in a country where independence was won in
_ a hard stru~gle, not only agafnst the col~nizer, but also against many secessionist
' ~nd neocolonialist consniracies. and aggressions.
I The provincial people's assemblies that have just been establishPd will be linked
at the national level to another organization, the People's Assembly, wtlich will
be elected every 3 years and to which the government must anawer. Contrul of the
People's Assembly which in paxticular muat see that options concerning economic
and social d~velopment defined by the party are applied, tzl:ing the country's human _
- and material circumetances into account will be enen more direct when the process
of installing Ch~ people's government enters the second phase. At the present time,
it is a matter of establishing the people's gove~nment up at the local level, ~
throug), distrlcte, villages, communes and municipalitie~. -
Common Law . -
- One can t:.erefore foresee that these s*_ructures, solidly rooted among the people,
will, more than any other government organization, able to transmit the problems
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facing the country every day in all fields to the highest national bodies, in all
their diversity snd complexity. For example, local organ~ of the people's govern-
ment could one day plsy an important role in the fields of ~ustice and culture,
co7trf.buting to the ~artial integration of common law iato the rulings of people's
courts. The powers of the people's as$emblies, like those of the People's Assembly, -
have not yet been defined in detail or with precision. And yet, in a speech de-
livered some time ago in Malange, President Eduardo dos Santos stated that he fore-
snw the p~ssibility of investing these new organizations with deciaion-making powers
Cor nll ~uestions of popular interest auch as health, education, literacy training
and houeing. "In this way," he said, "some particularly bureaucratic administrative
departments that are a burden '.:o these sectora may no longer be indispensable."
- The e].imination of this scourge cca~tituted by bureaucratic attitudes is indeed a
priority ob~ective, especially in produetion sectors. T~~ lack of spare parts or
r.aw materials for industry, of seed for agriculture and the insufficiency of basic
- commodities for the people are some of the most crucial problems and to a great ex- ~
tent can be attributed to this parasitic bureaucracy.
Several times, the Central Committee of the MPLA�Labor Farty has noted a worr.isome
_ drop in production and productivity. Without underestimating the serious conse-
quences resu].ting from the continuing war which South Africa is waging on Angola
or the effecta of the generzl crisis in world capita_lism, it is clear that other
factors of a structural, organizational and circumstantial order dlso help explain
= these difficulties. -
The next epecial congress of the MPLA-Labor Party, which will be held in Luanda ~
from 4 to 10 December. 1980, will make a critical and concrete analysis of the ex-
- periment cc,nducted 91nce the first meetings of 1977, whose economic ob~ectives~
for t980 were not totally achieved. It will also have to redefine the country s _
eccnomic and social orientations, which will make :Ct pasaible to gather general data
in or.der. to draft the plans covering several years each between 1981 and 1965 [sic], _
the date on which the party's second regul~r congress will be held.
While the econamic situation is termed "clisturbin~" in Luanda, one nevertheless can ~
- note important progress in certain sectors of indual:ry (breweries, t~.xtiles and `
cement, for axample) and in agriculture. Coffee pr~~duction, which regiatered its
greatest decline in 1979, has made a significant recovery in the course of this
cifth season which began in June. Coffee exporte, for which Angola was once among
the top f.ive in the world, will amount to 48,000 tons this year, Henc:eforth, it
is predicted that production wi17_ increa$e steadily from 5 to 10 percent annually. -
~s one can imagine, this recovering sector will thua help to increase Angola's
foreign exchange revenue substanLially, which will permit a fairer distribution of -
investm~nts in the other secCors of prvduction.
~ But this poaitive balance sheet for the most recent coffee season is above all a
aign of a gradual return to normal in rural regions, as the coffee crop suffered
the most from the lack of organization and the disar.~.ay following the two wars of
- liberation. _
COPYRIGHT: 1980 Afrique-Asie
= 11,464
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~
- ANGOLA
BRI~;FS
ALLEGED FNL~ REACTIVATION--Holden Roberto, head of the Angolan FNLA, has reportedly
been removed from his poet. A meeting in September af several commanding off icers
of the Frant, or at least what remains of it, has allegedly concluded that "all the
~ FNI.A politicians failed," including Roberto, who lives in exile in Paris. The
"coup" is said t4 be backed by the South Africans, who from Gabon are supposedly _
tryi.ng to reactivate the FNLA underground. [Text] [Paris JLUNE AFRIQUE in French _
5 Nov 80 p 32] 11,464 -
COMI+IENTS ON OIL PRODUCTION--In an article recently published by t~:e JORNAL DE ANGOLA, '
J~rg~ "Monty" Morais, E~.ngolan minister of petroleum, em~hasizes the need f or rapid _
development of the petroleu~n industry in underdeveloped nations that produce oil -
because, he writes, "if they are not aelf-sufficient in ener$y and do not en~oy
income from ~il, they wili alwa,ys depend on the industr~altzQ:d world." Takir_g as
examp.les the cases of AlgPria and Mexico, nations which have reportedly oriented
' the development of t}ie oil industry ~oward their general economic growth, Monty be-
l.ievea thae "it is not enough (for oil~~*oducing countriea) to be flooded with money
~ in order Co have all prot~lems solved." Zhe key *o succese~ wratever the nature of '
the polittcal system, is the planning of resources, the minister sta~es. Whi.Ie for
~:onaumers, the years to come will constitute a transition toward sources of energy �
that mfght take the place of oil, they could, in the case of producers, be the pre-
lude to an era of decline if they da not find other souress capable of guaranteeing _
thei.r normal ecor~omic and social deuelcpment. Noting the exhaustion of oil resources
- in the world oil-exparting countries, the Arab nationa, which have not made signifi-
cant discoveries, the Angolan minister atates that "all producer countries must be
prepared to eliminate their dependency on this source of energy by...using it them-
selvea." [Text] [Paris AFRIQirE-ASIE in French 27 Oct ~30 g 29] 11,464
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CENTRAL AFRICAN REFUBLIC ~
BRIEFS
FRENCH AID TO SIRAO--French aid to the Birao region (in the northeastern part of '
the Central African Republic), which had been announced on 18 September 1980 by
the French authorities, started to enter the country on 10 October. ~ao "C-160
- Transall" airplanes, two "Puma" helicopters and six land vehicles were made
available to the Ce~tral African Government to fight the food shortage in this E
region whlch was declared a disaster area by the Bangui authorities on 16 Septem-
ber. Sixty tons of food (manioc, millet) are to be shipped from Bangui to Birao
aC the rate of two shipments per day. The foods~tuffs will be sent first to the
most remote areas of the r.egion which are also thoae most affected by the food
shortage. Operation Humanitarian Aid to Birao" in which the Central Afri.can~
army ie participating is to last six days and could be renewed. Accor~3ing to
observers, the to~al amount of French aid granted within the framework of this
average can be evaluated at about 180,000 French francs. [Text] [Paris MARCHES
~ TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French 17 Oct $0 p 2559] 8143
CCPT CLOSED--The Central African authorities have decided "to completely cloae"
the Centrul African Office of Posts and Telecommunications (CCPT), according to
an announcement made on 8 October in Bangui by Marc Babel Bedan, Central African
minister of poats and telecommunicatiuns. This decision came on the heels of
the scrike which was initiated at the beginning of October by CCPT personnel.
- The minister asked civilian and military authorities to protect and forbid access
to the buildings and technical installations of the office until the implementa-
tiun of "new legal structures to ensure the normal and effectilve operation of
' the office of posts and teleco~unications." [Text] [Paris MA~CHES TROPICAU% ET
MEUITERRANEFNS in French 17 Oct 80 p 2559] 8143
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CHAD
BRIEFS
!?ATA ON LIBYAN AIRCRAFT BOMBING Ct~PITAL--The French Secret Service has identified the
plane which, in the first fortnight in October, bambed Nd'jama on four occasions. It
was a twin-,jet supersonic Tupolev 22B, flying the Libyan flag, flown by three men of
whom one was a Soviet. Libya hax 24 planes of this type. But this plane's radius of
operation obliged it to land on a not yet identified f ield in the North of Chad.
_ [Text] [Paris VALEURS ACTUELLES in French 27 Oct 80] 8870
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_ COMORO ISLANDS
POLITICAL, ECONOMIC DEVELOPI~IENTS REPORTID
Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MIDITERRANEENS in French 17 Oct 80 p 2566
[Text] Presided over. by Mr Said A1i Kemal, a"Committee for public salvation"
addresses an appeal to the people of the Co*noros.
Oldest son of the late Prince Said Ibxahim, and recently reaigned ambassador of
th~ ~ederal And Islamic Republic of the Comoro~ (Cf MTM 1 Aug 1980, p 1931) Mr
Said Ali Ketual has ~ust broadcast an appeal to the people of the Comoros, the main
paseages or w:~ich are the f~llowing:
" "The Comoro Government is oligarchic, corrupt, monopol3zing the nationai economy
for ite own profit.
- "The international isolation of our country, the increasing impoverishment of our
people, our diser.c:hanted and from now on hopeless ycuth, tt~e degradation of our
- agricultural land, are all reasons which may well give rise to grave political and
social confrontationa.
"Reflecting over the lessons of our recent history, in face of our hopes and
deceptions, I have decided to assume fully my patr iotic responsibilities in order
to put an end to this regime.
"No matter where you may be, in Anjouan, Mayot~e, Moheli, the Great Comore~ or
abroad, patriotic committees must be created to demand the realization of a pro-
gram correeponding to our nat~onal aspirations as well as to the essential needs
- of the population, safeguarding our Islamic traditions which must remain the
baeis and the cement of our national unity anri of the Oceanic personality of our
fatherland.
"To succeed in this task the National Conmmittee for Put~lic Salvation, the presi-
' dency of which has been to me entrusted, recommends as necessary and urgent the
resignation of PrQSident A~med Abdallah, in the interest of ciomestic peace, prop-
erty and individuals."
The Committee for Public Salvation to which Mr Said Ali Kemal ~laims to belong,
- and which would include representatives of all opponent factions to President
Ahmed Abdallah, h~s to iCs program: The establishment of a national unity govern-
- ment proclaiming general amner~ty and the liberation of a11 political prisoners;
the organization of free elections; a better distr ibution of the national revenue
l~
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through a program of economic development equitably beneficial t~ each island;
last, a better land use according to agricu~tural and social needa and the
demsnds for aoil restoration and conservation.
GuaranteeinR thatthe Comoro Islands belong to the group of nonaligned counCries,
and favorable to the creation of a peace zene in ths Yndian Ocean, desirous to
reestablish friendly and stable economic rel~tions with Madagascar, as well as to
negotiate. on the principle of friendship and cooperation with Francey ~he harmoni-
ous reintegration of Mayotte in the Comoro political community, Mr Said Ali
Kemel's appeal urges his fellow-citizens to unity and vigilance alone capable to
remove from the fatherland poverty, suffering, violence and irresponsibility.
It should be noted that the appeal addressed by the former amba~sador coincides
with the visit of Preaident Ahmed AbdaZlah in Paris where he recently arrived for
a private 2-week stay.
During his speech before the General Assembly of UI~TO, Mr Ali Mroud~ae, the Comoro
minister of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation, declared himBelf in favor of the
purauit of negotiations engaged with France about "The Comoro Island of Mayotte."
"The Comoro Government will devote itself to these negotiations until a~ust
solution conforming to the UN decisions is found, and this as early as possible,"
he declared.
Yolitical and Economic Developmenta
In Che past weeke a variety of political, economic and cultural events took place
in the Comoros.
In respect of politics:
--Mr Ahmed Abdallah, president of the Republic, back from an offici~l visit to
Kuwait, has declared himself "pleased with his visit to the brother country which
has alw~y~ been among the f irst ones to help the Comoros in every respect since
ind~ependence." Furthermore, he added "'Phe agreement for cultural cooperation,
whicli was signed during my visit and is the prelude of other agreements now in
preparation, will give a great impulse to the development of the Arabo-Islamic
cu].t:ure in the brother states."
The presidential trip to Kuwait, from 2I to 23 September, was an opportunity for
the Comoro and Kuwaiti states to get to `tcnow each other better and to strengthen
their relations. Although no communique was published, it i.s known however that
the amir of Kuwait answered favorably to the invitation addressed to him to visit
th~a Comoros at a date as of now undecided upon. The amir also decided, in order
to study certain problems specif ic to the people of the Comoros, to send there a
~tudy group next November. As regarda the questions concerning politica and the
Arabo-Islamic world, President Ahmed Abdallah stated: "Not only are our relations
with K~.~:~;ait excellent, but we also share points of view on problems shaking the
Arabo-Islamic world, especially on queszions concerning Palestine and Jerusalem."
--After the off icial visit to Kuwait, the Comoro ministera of Foreign Affairs and
Cooperation, and the minister of Finances an~ ~;conomy continued on with their
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trip to Paris and the United Statss. Finance Minieter Said Kafe was to partici-
pate in Par.�is in the conferenc~ of the franc-zone Finance ministers, then repre-
sen*_ his country in Waehington before the Assembly o~ the IBRD and IMS governors,
whi.~e Mr A1 Mroud~ae, miniater of r'orei~n Affaire would h~ad in New York the
Comorian delegatinn before the UN General Assembly.
- --A decree dated 3 October 1980 called for a meeting of the Comoro Federal Assembly
in regular budgetary session on 28 October 1980.
---Another decree of the same date entrusted the interim of the presidency of the
Republic to the first miniater Sali Ben Ali during Mr. Ahmed Abdallah's absence
f.rom the Comoros on a private visit to France starting 5 October.
COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie Paris 1980
~ 9670
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Y;~ . - - - -
l~''� j�
~ CONGO
BRIEFS
FRENCH FO1tESTRY COOPEFATION--At the end of his working visit to the Congo, Robert
Galley, French minister of cooperation, said on 9 October in Brazzaville that
"French-Congolese ~ooper�ation through forestry exploitation is an everyday living
reality," after having spent some time in the Sangha, in the northern part of the
country. Galley added that he had the impression "that the Sangha region, be-
cause of its forest riches, but als o because of its agricultural possibilities
and nlso perhaps because of its mining possibilities has an imp~rtant role to
pl.ay." Ln thia regard, he said that everything would be studied with the Congo-
lese aiithorities under the leadership of Presi~lent Sassou Nguesse to determine
what ttie French ministry of cooperat ion can do for this region. The French
minLst~r was given an audience with PrAsident Sasr;ou Nguesso on S October. [Text]
[Pnr.is MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDTTERRANEEN5 in Frer.~ch 17 Oct 80 p 2560] 8143
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ETHIOPIA
BRI.EFS
ADF LOAN FOR TEA--The Ethiopian tea-growing pro~ect at Wush Wush benefited
recently f rom a loan of 8 million UCF [ADF currency unit] (about $9 million)
~ �rom the African Development Fund reimbursable in 15 years deferred for 10 years
~ with a service charge of 0.75 percent. The purpose is to increase Ethiopia's
- tea production which will a11ow it to decrease its imports and to save an estimated
4 mill.ion birr per year ln foreign exchange. The pro~ect includes planting tea
bushes on a 500-hectare area to be cleared and caring for them until maturity as
well as installing a modern factory for processing the leaves and handling and
- packing the processed tea. it also provides for planCing eucalyptus to supply
the firewood needed for the factory, purchasing veh{.cles and agricultural machin-
ery and tools, and construction of infrastructure auch as buildinga, roads and
water and electricity supply. The to~al coat of the pro~eet is estimated at $10
million of which 60.4 percent is for costs in foreign exchange. Goods and services
financed by the ADF will be acquired by international bids among member countries
of the ABD [African Development Bank] and the ADF. [Text] [Paris MARCHES
TROPICA~UX ET ME~ITERRAPIEENS in French 24 flct 80 p 2629]
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GABON
ME~ERSIiIP IN PAN-AFRICAN ORGANIZATZONS RELINQUISHED -
- Paris MAZCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERR.ANEEI~iS in French 7 Nov 80 p 2970 -
[Excerpts] The Gaboneae Council of Ministera met in Libreville on 29 October wiCh
, Preaident Bongo. The official communique iss~ied following Chis meeting notes that _
Gabon has decided to relinquish ita membership in the African and Ma~sritian Office
for Legislative Reaearch and Studies (BAI~IltEL). This organiam, established in 1915 -
with headquarters in Libreville, has been unable to achieve its ob~ectivee, and
epecif ically the coordination of the various legislations of the member c:oun*_ries.
The communique adds that moreover, thp difficulty ir? ensuring payment of the dues
owed by cerCain member countries has paralyzed the operations of this organiem.
Gaban, after vainly attemptinQ ~o enaure ite eurvival, has therefore decided to re- _
linquish its membership.
Gabon also left the African and Malagasy Union of Posts and Telecommunications P-
(UAPT). The Gabonese Government accuses this organism of having ignored the task -
of coordinsting the regulations and the postal and tc.lecommunica~~ons met~ods ~
- aseigned to the UAPT at the time of its establishment. The communique adds that
thie organism limits ~t~el~ to the role of intertnediary between member countries =
and organisms such aa the Universal Postal Union and the International Telecommuni-
cationa Union of which Gabon is a member and with which it regularZy maintains -
� direct and positive relations. Memberghip tn this organism will be dropped as of -
1 Jar.uary 1981.
The following issa~es wcre algo discussed by the Council of MinisCers: -
- The government is upset over the disparity in salaries within the public and the -
privnte sectora. It asked the minister of state iia charge of the civil servic~ _
= to apply the measures adopted by the government in regard to the c~ordination of =
salaries in the gublic and private sectors.
- In regard to elections at the level of the provincial aasemblies, the following
modalities were adopted:
1. Each district assembly list will have the number of councillors increased
to three candidates.
2. The candidates in each district assembly list will then cho~se among themaelves _
three "comradea" who will again figure on the same list and will be thei~ ~epresenta- _
tivea at the provincial assembly.
3. Regarding eligibility to the mux~icipal councils, the Council of Ministers author-
ized theae foreigners residing in Gabon whose dedi~cation to public affaira is
unaesailable to present their candidacy.
- COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie Paris 1980 ~
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GUY~jEAU-SISSAU _
. -
BRIEFS ;
- NEW CONSTiTUTION UNDER STUDY--On 18 October ~n Guinea-Bissau, wark began on the
drafting of a new constitution to replace tt~e one proclai~ned by the underground
during the war of independence in 1973. Written by a,;,oint comxi~o�on from the
African Independence Party of Guinea-Bissau a~d Cape Verde (PAIGC) and th~ People's
Nati~nal Aesembly, the constitution will naw be submitted to all levels of the _
party and the government and wi11 thcn be brought before the National Assembly
mPet2ng in ape~ial ses9ion on 8 November. T'he new constitution was coordinated =
w~.th tha~ of Gape Verde, which was adopted by that country's Assembl}r f,sea MARCH~,S
- TROPICAUX, 26 September, p 2.,355), Cape Verde and Guinea-Bissau actually wish to -
promote a union. It is not expected in Bisoau that the new constitution will bring
about any fundamental changea in methods o~ appointment or the operation of govern-
- rnent organs. The purpoae of modifications compared with the old constitution,
al.ready partially revised fn 1976 and 1977, will be tp assimilate experience _
~ acquired since the ond of the war in 1914. [Text] [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET
M~OITEFutANEENS in French 24 Oct 80 p 2612] 11,464
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? FOR OFFTCIAT~ USE ONL`I
_ IVORY COAST
~
. STAT[JS OF FRENCH-IVORIAN RF~,ATIONS EXAMIPIED
_ Paris JEUNE AFRIQUE in Franch 22 Oct 80 pp 4Q-42
_ ~rticle by Bechir Ben Yahme~ _
~ext7 Last tireeic~ in augurating the "Ce Que Je Crois" "What I Believa~'7 _
' nex style~ I announced in this publicatiion that I shall alternate commen- "
_ ta.ries rrith informstive artS.cles. -
T a~a therefore devoting these three pages of isgue 1033 t~ information kept
eecret up to nok. I consider it irg~ortant ir. viex of the consequences it -
ma,y have an Franco-African r~lations as a Nhole.
- I am speaking of e." no" G iscard gave Houphouet Khich could have reaults in -
the 19A0's comparn~le to those of the "rio" Sekou gmve de G aulle in i9S8.
J udge for yourself. ~
Ivorian Financo Minister Abdoulaye Kane made an unpretsntious visit to Paris
durin~q the xeek of 8 to 13 Sep~embex, sent by his president: Ivory Caast, =
xhos@ financial prosperity had been a source of envy for years, had been _
- financially stran~led for more th~n a yeas xith the setbacks suffered by the
free zone. To the scandal of the sugar refineries~ which France and ~urope
" atole" from it in too great a number and at a scandalous (and corrupt) _
~ price~ had bean added the combi.ned effects of the slump i.n coffee and cocoa.
- These txo products~ xhose export represents about half of the country's in-
co!ne, ~aK their prices drop in 1978 and again ifl 1979 bY a total of nearly
SO percent. _
~ President Vale~ry GiscRrd d'Estaing and Claude Cheysson, European commissioner -
- for development~ tried in vain to limit the market decline: the Engliah,
Amer~cans and West Germgns 3oined forces to dictate purchasing legislation.
. Houphouet's country had only or.e avenue left: an unpretentious call for help. :
Ivory Coast is not accustomed to that course o: action; it does not Imox how
to .qo aboui; it. Its steps are hesitant, em3arrassed and surrounded 'by the
~reatest secrecy.
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In any ca?se~ as early as July~ Preaident Felix Houphouet-Boigny, det~pairin~
of seeing cocoa prices go up ag~in and measurin~ the extent of the "amovnt -
- nat to be gained"--there rras talk of 100 billion CFA ~fYican Financial Com-
_ munity~ francs--had authori~ed his finance minister to "explare the possibil-
- ities." Mr Kone did not turn to the Arab and oil-producin~ countries. He -
kneer~ without having to verify this wit,h hSs president~ that the lattsr would
not approve. He then turned to the IMF and World Dan~ of Whose s1o~+ness he _
?ras unaxare and also to France which, he thought, had received too much from -
, Ivory Coest z~ot to fl.y to its rescue.*
~~nere~'ore, it was with confide~nce that the Ivorian finance min~ster arrived
in Paris (in ~ecret) on 9 Sep~ember to obtain urqent and expected help. At
least enough to hold ou~ until the coeoa xould be sold andl paid fori until ~
= the IMF xould respond to the appeai, e~valuate~ reach a decision and provide
the funds~ until oil, onr,e discovered, Kould ~ave a chance to be exploited
- to relieve agriculture.
The credit should be ample and granted without haggling at generous or 8t
least reasonable conditions. Under these conditions, Ivory Coast~ xhich is _
politically renexing itself this year~ would regain confidence within and
without an~l receive impetus for its third dacade.
The Ivorian finance minister left Paris on 13 5eptember as quietly as he had _
- arrived. S ines then xe have had only silence. This silence covers a serious
crisis of confidence betxeen the txo cousitries. Here are the facts or~ a.+
- least, xhat I have learned of them.
Mr K~ne was received by French Finance Minister Rene Monory in the presence
of the tt~ree heads of the three ma~or nationallzed banks: the BNP jNational
Bank of Pi~.ris7, Credit Lyonnais and Societe Generale.
"You know m,y country's financial situation. 4Jhat ~.;an you do to help us?" the -
- Ivorian asked in substance. -
_ "The governmPnt itself~ not very much," the ~'renchman ansxered. "We would -
need the National Assembly's agreement. This is h~rdly the time; you know _
- that as x~ll as tire. The national banks could do something. I shall ask them
and~ ~iy releasing the credits they xill grant you~ shall make the transaction
possible. As for funds, they have an abundanee. That is r~hy I invit9d them
to this meet3ng; I shall let them speak."
"We knox that Ivory Coast's fin~ncial situ~.tion is not good. But the finance
- minister~ in making this request~ has not yet explained why tha,t situation -
*,n 1979, monetary transfers to Franee came to more than $200 mi111on (or
800 million French francs).
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prevails= h~ ~oes not indicate its needs," the bankers stated in launching
their attack. One of them~ the head of Sbciete Generale, even went e~ far
as to make an accue~tion: "It is because the country has not been ~overned
- xdll for about 2 years~ nor its finance~ closely aatched."
- The mee ting~ badly begun~ ended on still a xorse note. The atmosphere Was -
strainecl to the point of aplitt~ng apart. The bankers calculate~d " xhat they
corald (that is~ what they wer~ wi.lli to) do"= a total credit of 700 million _
French francs (~5 billion C~'A francsl~ over a period of 5 years~ xith 3 years
grace. We might as xell say a"pair of crutches" (man French companies each ~
receive more tham that through a simple telephone ca11~. -
y But there is more--an aspect xhich emphasiz~?s that, in reality, unless the
ba~nkers are uninformed which is not verv likely, it is a disguised refusal~ _
humiliating and rife with consequenaes for Franco-Ivorian relations: the in-
terest rate demanded, 14.25 percent {13 percent "basic interest" plus 1.25
percent), which is not, this ia the least one can say, a raf.s among friends;
it is rather one made to a client to get him to refuse.
' It is not neaessary to be a great banker~ or distinguished economist. or ex-
perienced politician to Irnow that, considering the r.eeds and thE situation~
- they ar.ould have offered three times more at an interest rate somerrhat less -
than 10 percent.
- The Ivorian minister left Paris promisfng to resume contact to indicate his
go~?ernment's position. More than 1 month has passed and Abid3an has not _
ansrrered. Neither yes nor no.
In African and "Houphouetian" language this means that the blow received is
felt like a serious xounds Ivory Caast has been itrested by the country to
which it has given the most--France--as the last of the last. It was worse
= th~.n sayin~ "no"s by offering it too little at an unfavorable interest rate~
displeasure Was being indicated and "a lesson" ~dministered. Reelected 7
months before Giscaxd d'E staing~ Houphouet-Boigny, according to habit, xill
- take his time to note that the "message" has been received. It still remains
- that~ unless there is a last-minute change of heart by the Elysee, we are _
- eeeing a turning point in Franco-African relations established 20 years ago
by de G aulle himself on the Paxis-Abid~an axis.
Fortunately for Ivory Coast, the IMF mission~ xhich is arriving before the -
end of Octaber, is bringing a promiae of Credit in excess of $750 million
(more than four times what Kas proposed by France), to be released in Febru-
a.ry or March 1981~ at an interest rate appreciably loKer than that stipulated
by Paris. This proves, if it were necessary, that Ivory Coast has security,
a good credit rating, untouched possibilities.
About 20 years ago~ Nasser ha.d asked the United States and the World Bank to
~x~ovide aid in financin~ the Asxar~ Dam. John Foster Dulles~ American secr~-
� tary of state at the time~ made an abL~3 offer re plete Kith humiliating
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conditions. Na~ser did no~ ansxer yes or no= a feK monthg latsr~ he na-
J tionali~ed Suez and--the first in the noncommunist Korld--purchased Soviet
arme. The history of the Middle East has not ceased to be changed by that
_ event. C onversely, Sekou Toure said no to de Gaulle in 19,58 and the ef:ects
of that act h~ve been felt for 20 years. Are these two compariaons exag- -
- geratad~ die~proportionate? Is H~uphouet neither Nasser nor Sekou Tours?
Can the situation created still be cleared up? It is to be hoped. -
Horrever, the problom is not a fex milYion more or less~ a few " points" too _
~ many in the interest rate. W hat is involved is Giscard d'Estaing's attitude
which is so new~ and tllereby surprising~ that xe must ask ourselves What is
bei:ind it. blhy did France say "yes" to Senegal in July anc~ "yes, but," that
~ is. "no" to Ivory Coas�t in September? Rene Monory Kas there both times, as
prepossessit~g and understanding as ever. His knoKledge of Africsn situations _
and sympatihy xith the Third W orld make it impoasible to think that his "per-
sonal influence" rras felt as any obstacle. Were his hands t'.ed? I~ so~ is
it for the electoral period or else, xhat is more probable~ through restric- _
tive instr~ictions, even perhaps implied?
Did the bankers ahox (political) zoal or did they behave like strict bankers
in face of a transaction they do not like? And hoK can We believe that
- France has no other course of action, if it had the political will to use it?
- A serious interpretation remainss has it been a sub3ective de~ision by the
' px~siden~ of th~ French Republic? If so~ it would be the latest African
err~r of the 7-year government official~ the first having 1~een in 1975 ~o
reserve hia iirst African visit to bokassa's counLry.
COPYRIGHT: Jeune Afrique GRUPJIA 1980
8568 ~
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= MALI -
- BRIEFS ~
- PRC PNARMACEUTICAL PLANT ASSTSTA1d~E~~~A ::~~~mony to inaugurate the construction of
a phax�maceutical plant by the People's Republic of China took place in Bamalca, on
24 October. "The complex includea a 7,607 square meter building in a 23,930 square
meter area," Lt Col Sori Ibrahima Sylla said. The lattsr is miniater of interio~
and has temporarily assumed the functions of minister of health. He add~d tha~
thie unit will make it possib~e for us to reduce our imports of pharmaceutical spe-
cialtiea, thus achieving some savinga in foreign exchange." Mali at present imports
_ g~~iiy "cloee to 4 billion franca worth of inedicinea," Lt Col Sylla noted. The
corneretone-laying ceremony coincided with the 20th anniversary of the Sino-Malian
' cooperation. [Text~ [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French 7 Nov
80 p 2962]
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MOZAMBIQUE
- BRIEFS
BOMB F.XPLOS'[ON--A bomb exploaion on 27 October in Lisbon totally deatrcyed a car
belonging to the wife of Domirigos Arouca, leader of the Mozambique United Front
(FUMO), a~novement opposing the preaent regime in Mozambique. There were no
victims. Mr Arouca is presently a reaident of Portugal. [Text] [Paris MARCHES
TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French 7 Nov 80 p 2982]
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NIGER
PRESIDENT REPORTS ON F~OD SITUATION
Yaris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDIZERRANEENS in French 17 Oct 80 p 2554
~ [Text] On 6 October, President Kountche said that even though the harvest had
been ~ood and that the departments of the south had produced a surplus of millet
- and shorghum, basic foods of the Nigeriar. people, the shipment of cereals beyond
the national borders continues to be banned, without special authorization.
The department of Maradi has had a very favorabZe-agricultural-livestock situa-
tion this year. In the food sector, it registered a theoretical surplus of
about 67,000 tons compared to 73,000 tons last year; i.e., triple the previous .
surplus. The department's total production of millet and sorghum was on the
order of 382,093 tons.
However, with reapect to niebe, the harvest will be inferior to that of last _
year. Ae for peanuts, this year the 3epartment registered a production of -
52,000 tons compared to 45,000 tons last year.
_ The situation in the grazing lands sector is satisfactory thanks to sufficient -
rainfall. This year the department of Maradi will need 350 supplementary tons
~f cattle fodder. It already has a balance of 265 tons of cottonseed from the
pr~~vious year.
El~e~here, the food situation in the department of Zinder is alsc satisfactory.
Total production of millet and sorghum is 395,563 tons compared to 367,400 tons
last year. The department has a surplus of 69,779 tons compared to 52,688 in
19 79 .
Niebe production ts down compared to laet year. It is estimated at 67,765 tons
, compared to 81,715 tons last year. The reason for thi.s drop was the fact that
the farmers who were unable last year to sell their output this year elected
to decrease the are3 planted with niebe. What is more, r~iebe is r.ot consumed -
much in this department.
Peanut product3.on increased slightly. ~t is estimated at 37,180 tons compared to
24,423 tons last year. Overall, this year the~ce was a 2 percent increase in
cultivated lands throughout the department which registered 154 villages with
deEicit production; 3.e., a deficit of 51 percent or about 54,OG0 affected in-
hab itanta.
= However, the millet and sorghum surplus, without c4ur~ting niebe, could reduce this _
deficit. On the whole, the grazing lands situation is satisfactory.
COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie Paris 19f~0
8143 29
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NIGER
BRIEFS
WELL-llI(:GING PROGRAM--President Seyni Kountche announced on 6 October ir. Zinder,
during his inepection tour across Niger, that beginning in January 1981 a total
of 934 wells will be drilled to supply potable water to the inhabitants of the
departments of Niamey (324 wells), Maradi and Zinder (231 and 379 we1Zs, respec-
tively). These wells will cest abaut 3 billion CFA [African Financi.al Community]
francs, with one well, depending upon its depth and the consistency of the earth,
coseing 2.5 to 3 million CFA franc~. In a related conz~ection, the drilling
- undertaken in the Bilma casis, near the border, produced a surprise on 5 October:
the stratum of water was so abundant ti~at the water spurted out of the ground
and, according ~o the Nigerien press, formed a geyser 40 meters high, with an
output of 500 m per hour, which almost inundated the area. Action by the army
wae needed ~.a divert the torrent and direc*_ it toward the surrounding plain.
[Text] [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS ~.n French 17 Oct 80 p 2554]
8143
~ COAL MINE--The exploitation of the coal deposit at Anor Araren, near Agadez in
the ~entral part of Niger, got underway with she extraction of the first ton
of. this mineral by the Nigerien Coal Cornpany (SONICHAA). The deposit, which
= contains nbout 5 million tons, will supply the Anou Araren thermal complex which
- beginning in 19$3 is to produce 100 million kw per year. EText] [Paris MARCHES
TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French 17 Oct 80 p 2554] 8143
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' NIGERIA
I
j ACTIVITIES OF OIL COMPANIES, PRODUCTION DISCUSSED
011 Production Decrease -
Paris rtARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in Fren~h 24 Oct 30 p 2e20
[Article: "Decrease in Oil Production"] ~
(Text] We stated, in uur issue of 17 October, p 2556, that Nigeria's oi1
production, wnich had stabilized at around 2.1 million barrels per day eince
th~ beginning of the year, had shown a sharp drop in September, showing only _
, 1.6 million barrels. This drop had beguii to appear in July and especially
in August.
During the 8 months with a daily averag~ of 2.1 million barrels, the drop had
~ al.ready been 10.3 percent in relation to the corresponding period in the -
previous year. The reduction was, moreover, in accordance with the decisj.on
- taken in Auguat 19 79 by General Obasar.~o's adm3nistration. But the f alling
- oFf in 5eptember h ad not been foreseen and was due to cyclical conditions -
alone. ~i'he managing director of the Nigerian National Petroleum Corpora-
tion ~NNPC), Mr Odoliyi Lolomari, had in fact still affirmed on 14 August
that Nigeria had no intention, for the time being, either of reducing its
production or o� lowering the price fixed, since 1 Apri1 last, at $36.72 per
barre~ for ~the higher grade (MTM [MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS] of
22 August, p 2085). This affirriation thus cut short some contrary i.ntentions
- etated in March (MTM of 21 March, p 685).
Ttie companiea whose production has decreased the most are Shell, Gulf and,
to a lesser degree, Texaco. The first two ar.e, nevertheless, still in the
lead, and She11 is the only one to exceed a million b~rrels per day and to
take over more th an half of the total production in the country. Elf runs
the risk, under present circumstances, of not reaching the ob~ective it .
had set itself for this year of 90,000 tons [as published] per day, but
was not far from it the l~ast few months, with figures of 86,767 tons in
June, 86,500 in July and 86,560 in August. Ashland is the only company
which, du~ring the 3 months mentioned, has shown a clear increase in its
relutively weak production, going from 8,753 [as pubiished] per day in
June to 10,800 tons in August.
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011 ReservEs
I'~ris MAItCHES 'PROPICAUX E'T MEDITERRANEENS in French 24 Oct 80 p 2620
~ [Article: "Nigeria's Oil Reserves"]
[Text] During a seminar on petroleum held at Lagos in September, several
experts formulated estimates on Nigeria's oil reserves.
According to Professor I. E. Hartshorn, the reserves would be placed at
` somewtiere between 13 and 24 billion barrels, which, at the present rate of
exploitation and without any spectacular new discovery, would enable the
country to continue exporting only for another 10 years or so.
According to Chief Ofeiyde, the reserves were probably a little higher,
between 20 and 30 billion barrels, and would represent between 3 and 4.5
percent of the world reserve5. He even thinks that continued explo.r.azion,
particularly offshore, would reveal some happy surprises.
NeverChelesa, in ci statement in Washington during hie recent official tYi~3
to r.he United 5ta~es, President Shagari showed himself to be realistic.
- "]:ndeecl," he said, "we recognize our good fortune in possessing at pres ent
perro.leum resources, but these r~sourcea are diminishing.'~ ~~Consequently,"
he c~dded, "we are resolved, as long ae they exist, to ~ry to have our
ag~ricul.ture and our industrial development reach a level where they can
ma~Lntain themaelves, so that when the petroleum will be exhausted, we wi11
be able to eneure a decent standard of living to all our inhab itants."
- Yresident Stiagari th us explainEd the reasons which had impelled him to
start liis "green revolution" so that Nigeria would become, as rapidly as
possib le, self-sufficient in food products, and he renewed his appeal to
_ foreign investors to facilitate the successful execution of this
"revolution" and the eif ective general development of local industries.
Oil Companies Activities
Pari~ MARCHES TROPICAZIX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French 24 Oct 80 p 2620
[Areicle: "Oil Companies: Activities"]
['iext] Ttie Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC), associate of
- all the drilling companies, 60 percent of whose capital it holds, itself
miglit start production activities earlier than foreseen if its discoveries
l~st July show themselves to be commercially exploitable. Of the
19 exploratory drillings which it has alr~~ady carried out with the aid of
foreign consultants, a half dozen would justify further development, but
it proposes to carry out still further drillings.
Un thc other hand, Gulf, whose production dropped considerably these last
�ew monchs (367,000 barrels per day in June, 333,000 in July and
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298,000 .in August), announced its intention to devote 700 ~nillion naira to
new exploraeory drillings in the delta region over the nex~t 5 yeare. The
company, which holds the No 2 poeition after Shell in production, had already
inveated some 450 million naira in this field, in coilabaration with the
NNF'C .
In conclusion, Shell, in accordance with government directives concerrii~g
stopping gas wastage between now and January 1984, decided to start a
recovery progrEUn for the tlare gas coming from ita wells in order to supply,
through the N:LgeY~ia Electricity Power Authority (NEPA), the Afam, Ughelli
and Sapele thermal power stationa. This recovery could also supply the
steelworks at Alad~a, near Warri, and Ad~aokuta, and the future liquefied
gas complex at Bonny,
COPYItIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie Paris 1980
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~ SEN~GAL
BRIEFS
RAINFALL DEFICIE~;GY--The monthly bulletin of the Climatology Division of the ISRA
ot the National ~i~;ronomic kesearch Center in Bambey on 30 September reported an
overall deficit rainfall situation for all of Senegal. Tl~~is deficit is such that
the bulLetin indicates we must be pessimistic as regards crops of all kinds re-
quir.ing over 90 days, particularly peanuts. The raonth of September, especially
the last two weeks, did not live up to its promises. If the rainfall siCuation
does not improve during the month of Qctober, "wE can expect a v~ry sr~~rp drop in
pean�t productl.on and in crops as a whole, except for winter niebe." The rain-
fall d~~.fictt will be disastrous for all varieties of crops with a growing cycle
of c~ver 90 days (particularly corn, cotton and sanio.) In a related connection,
fnr th~ current season, the peanLt crop in the Louga region only covera 177,197
hectar~s compared to 200,000 hectares in ~979-80. Wirh respect to wheat and
_ niebe, on the o ther hand, there has been an increase .tn the area planted. The
former tias increased from 143,000 to 154,908 hectares and the latter from 24,000
to 38,000 hectares. [Text] (Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERFtANEENS in
French 17 Oct 80 p 2549] 8143
ARGI:NT'.INE AGREEMENTS--Senegal and Argentina signed two prelimina~~y agreements
on 12 Oct~ber in Dakar, one cultural and the other scientific and technical
cooperation. What is more, Argentina has opened a$15 million line of credit
to Senegal for the supplying of capital goods. These agreements which are in
- additi.on to a trade accord signed last k'ebruary are one of the results of the
vi.sit to Senegal of an Argentine trade missiun headed by Paul Cura, secretary of
- state for international relations. The joint co~nunique emphasizes the need .for
t