PANORAMIC STEREOVIEWER SERIAL NO. 586082-1

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: NGA Records (Formerly NIMA)
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP78B04747A002900020012-6
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 53
• Document Creation Date: December 28, 2016
• Document Release Date: December 6, 2001
• Sequence Number: 12
• Publication Date: May 1, 1966
• Content Type: MISC

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ECLASS REVIEW by NIIVIA/DOD
PANORAMIC STEREOVIEWER
Serial No. 586082-1
Prepared for
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STATI NTL
STATI NTL
SIATINTL
RON
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PANORAMIC STEREOVIEWER
Serial No. 586082-1
Reference Manual
Prepared
For
May 1966
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STATI NTL
STATI NTL
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
for
PANORAMIC STEREOVIEWER
- REFERENCE MANUAL
Page
I.. INTRODUCTION AND DESCRIPTION OF
INSTRUMENT 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Description of Component Parts 2
1.2.1 Cabinet 2
1.2.2 Cylindrical Film Stages 3
1.2.3 Illumination System 4
1.2.4 Optical Viewing System 6
1.2.5 Film Transport 8
1.2.6 X - Y Counters 9
1.2.7 Operation Controls 11
1.2.8 Electronic Chassis 13
II. OPERATION 15
2.1 Film Orientation 15
2.1.1 Film Loading 16
2.1.2 Film Unloading 18
2.2 Optical Viewing System 19
2.3 Film Drive 21
2.3.1 Motor Drive 21
2.3.2 Manual Drive 23
2.4 X - Y Coordinate Counters 24
2.5 Illumination 26
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2
III. ROUTINE MAINTENANCE AND SERVICING 28
3.1
General
28
3.2
Lubrication
28
3.3
Cleaning the Film Stage
30
3.4
Lamp Replacement
31
3.5
Cleaning Mirrors and Condensing
Lenses
32
3.6
Care of the Optical Viewing System
32
3.7
Replacement of Cylindrical
Film Stage
33
3.8
Electrical Maintenance
35
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I. INTRODUCTION AND DESCRIPTION OF INSTRUMENT
1.1, Introduction
The Panoramic Stereoviewer is a direct viewing instrument
for stereoscopic examination of 70mm to 91 inch roll film.
It is capable of viewing vertical, convergent and oblique
frame type photography and vertical and convergent panoramic
photography. The viewing magnification is variable contin-
uously from 2.5X to 38X with a scale matching ratio of 3 to
1.
A unique design feature of the instrument is the cylindrical
glass stages for supporting the film for viewing. A field
flattener in the optical system compensates for the curved
object plane. The film is tensioned over the cylindrical
stage to keep it in contact with the stage for viewing.
When the film is translated in X, the cylindrical stage
rotates with the film, thereby avoiding any sliding contact
between the stage and the film. Also, since the film is
always in contact with the stage, it may be viewed in crit-
ical focus while being translated. The glass stage, film
A
and film drive are on one carriage and are translated as a
unit beneath the stationary optical system to scan the film
in Y.
The cylindrical stages may be driven independently or coupled
? together for scanning. Since the stages are on opposite
sides of the instrument and have separate film drives, the
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two exposures forming the stero pair must be on separate
rolls of film. If the exposures to be viewed are on the
same roll of negative film, duplicate positive film trans-
parencies of the roll are required.
Both manual and motor drives are provided for transporting
film. Maximum film speed is in excess of 200 feet per
minute. Two types of illumination are provided. One is a
high intensity system for use when viewing through the
optical system and the other a general background illumina-
tion for direct viewing of the film on the cylindrical
stages.
1.2 Description of Component Parts
The instrument is mounted on lockable caster type wheels.
For the purposes of.description,the instrument is subdivided
as follows: Cabinet and supporting structure, cylindrical
film stages, illumination system, optical viewing system,
film transport, X-Y counters, operating controls, and
electrical chassis.
1.2.1 Cabinet and Supporting Structure
The base for the instrument is a deeply ribbed cast aluminum
surface plate. A vertical channel type weldment is bolted
to the center of the surface plate and supports the optical
system, high intensity illumination systems, blower assemblies
and manual handwheel controls. Also attached to the surface
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plate are two pairs of Y rails for two carriage assemblies.
The carriages support the glass cylindrical stages, the
film drives, and the film spool supports.
The instrument is enclosed with sheet steel panels attached
to a welded steel framework. Panels are removable from the
rear of the instrument to facilitate servicing. Both the
left and right ends are hinged and provide access for
loading film. Most of the electronic components associated
with the film drives are housed in compartments in the
lower front of the instrument. Access is obtained through
hinged doors.
Four 4 inch lockable casters are attached to the base of
the instrument to permit the viewer to be moved easily from
one location to another. Cooling air from the high inten-
sity light sources is exhausted through ports on the rear
of the instrument. Two rubber bumpers are attached to the
rear of the housing to prevent the blocking of the exhaust
ports.
1.2.2 Cylindrical Film Stages
The cylindrical film stages are 10.75 inches lOng, have an
outside diameter of 11.867 inches and a wall thickness of
approximately 0.3 inches. They are made of Pyrex glass.
Rubber 0 rings separate the stages from their end support
bearings. This mounting allows the bearings to expand
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without stressing the glass stages and provides vibration
dampening for the film stages.
The free aperture between the end supports of the mounted
cylindrical stages is approximately 9.75 inches which per-
mits the illumination of the full width of 9.5 inch film.
1.2.3 Illumination System
Two types of illumination are provided on the instrument.
One is a general background illumination for the direct
viewing of film on the tages. The other is a high inten-
sity condenser type system for illuminating the area being
viewed through the optical system.
A twelve inch 8 watt fluorescent tube is mounted inside
each of the cylindrical glass stages and provides general
back illumination of the film on the stage. Shields,
attached to the tubes, permit the unused portion of the
tubes to be masked off when films of less than 9i inches
are being viewed. Since the stages are transparent, the
exposed portion of the tube would otherwise be objectionable.
Rotating the shield on the tube provides the necessary
occlusion of the unused portion of the tube.
The light sources for the high intensity illumination systems
are 300 watt incandescent type projection lamps. Each unit
consists of a lamphouse, refractive type condenser system,
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45? BalCOLD mirror with heat sink, a blue diffuser, and a
positive anamorphic lens assembly. The lamphouse, conden-
ser, and 45? mirror are mounted on a stationary horizontal
bracket attached to the center support column of the instru-
ment. The bracket is enveloped by the cylindrical glass
stage on the Y carriage. The anamorphic lens and blue
diffuser combination move below the stage on rods attached
to the stage mount. They are coupled to the lamphouse
assembly by a spring type linkage to permit the Y carriage
to travel a short distance after the'anamorphic lens unit
has reached the limit of its travel behind the stage. The
purpose of the positive anamorphic lens in the condenser
system is to counteract the affect on the illumination of
the negative anamorphic lens unit of the field flattener.
The projection lamps are accessible through hinged covers
?
In the top of the lamp houses. The Y carriage should be in
its extreme outboard position ?to provide necessary clearance
for opening the cover to the lamphouse. A tandem blower
unit exhausts the air from the lamphouses through a pair of
screened ports on the rear of the instrument.
Silicon controlled rectifier (SCR) type dimming circuits
mounted behind the control panels on the front of the instru-
ment provide continuous dimming of the projection lamps.
In addition, iris diaphragms are provided in the collimated
portion of the optical path to vary the illumination inde-
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pendently from 100% to approximately 5% without changing
the color temperature of the lamps. The blue diffusers in
the condensing system serve this purpose to a lesser degree
when using the SCR dimming circuit.
1.2.4 Optical Viewing System
The viewing magnification of the optical system is variable
continuously from 2.5X to 38X with a scale matching ratio
of 3 to 1. It consists basically of a pair of focusable
eyepieces, two 3 to 1 zoom systems, a pair of rotating
(Pechan) prisms two sets of three interchangeable relay
lenses, a pair of objective lenses, a pair of cylindrical
lenses to correct for the curved object plane (cylindrical
film stages) and a pair of iris diaphragms.
The eyepieces have a power of approximately 10X. They are
individually focusable through a range of :+.4 diopters and
have an interpupillary adjustment of 55mm to 72mm. The eye
relief is 25mm which provides adequate clearance for per-
sons wearing corrective eye glasses. An adjustable head
rest is provided to assist the operator in holding his head
in the proper position for viewing. Two dissimilar refer-
ence reticles are installed in the eyepiece focal planes
for use with the X-Y counters. An open cross is included.
In the right optical path and a circle in the left. The
reticles are dissimilar to readily identify them with a
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particular stage when viewing through the binocular system.
Th0 three to one zoom systems are directly behind the eye-
pieces. They may be zoomed .separately for scale matching
or coupled and zoomed as a unit.
Following the zoom systems are housings containing three
interchangeable relay lenses. Selection of a particular
relay lens offers one of the following magnification ranges:
2.5X to 8X, 6X to 19X or 12X to 38X. Selector knobs are
positioned on the right and left sides of the relay housing.
They are engraved 2,5, 6 and 12 to indicate which relay lens
is in the optical path.
In a collimated light path following the relay lenses,
rotating (Pechan) prisms provide continuous +180? rotation
of the imagery. Engraved rings on these assemblies indicate
the 0?, +45?, +90?, +135? and J-1800, rotation positions.
Iris diaphragms on these assemblies provide illumination
variation from 100% to approximately 5%. Objective assem-
blies at the opposite end of the collimated light paths
contained in addition to the objective lens, a 45? first
surface mirror and a field flattener. The 45? mirror re-
directs the horizontal optical axis normal to the axis of
the cylindrical stage. Since the horizontal portion of the
optical path is collimated the distance between centers of
observation is adjustable. The field flattener is a negative
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cylindrical lens in close proximity to the film plane. It
is mounted in a bearing with a lever mechanism which permits
it to be lowered to within a few thousandths of the film
for viewing. A micro-switch safety interlock prevents the
film from being driven in X motor drive when the field flat-
tener is in the down position.
l.2.5 Film Transport
The optical viewing system is stationary. To view film it
is necessary that it be positioned under the optical system.
The two film drives and the cylindrical supporting stages
are mounted on carriages which have a linear travel of +4.5
inches. This permits scanning across films Or motion) up
to nine inches wide. To scan along the length of the film,
the film is driven from one spool to another over the
cylindrical stage. Since the stage rotates with the film
there is no sliding motion of the film relative to the
stage which could damage the film.
Two opposite acting D.C. torque motors coupled to the spools
tension the film over the cylindrical stages and provide a
motor drive for the film in the X direction. The speed
is variable continuously from 0 to 200 feet per minute.
For manual drive, rubber coated rollers which contact the
film are driven through a pair of hand wheels on the center
support column. The D.C. torque motors tension the film
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and keep it wound on the spools. A second rubber coated
roller contacts both the drive roller and the drum. This
roller drives the cylindrical stage at the same surface
velocity as the film and thereby assures no relative slip-
age between the film and stage. In motor drive the film
?drives the rollers and in turn the stage which assures that
the stage moves at the same surface velocity as the film.
A telescoping shaft links the rubber coated drive rollers
of each of the X film drives.. A magnetic clutch on the
shaft couples the two together when desired and assures that
the film on both sides will be driven at the same speed
whether one or both X motor controls are activated. The
right X handwheel drives both films in the coupled mode;
the left handwheel is deactivated.
The carriages are driven in Y by means of lead screws.
Through a combination of magnetic clutches a single motor
drives both carriages. The carriages may be driven together
or separately by coupling or uncoupling the clutches. Hand-
wheels on either side of the center support column provide
manual drive for each of the carriages through the same lead
screws used for motor drive. Limit switches prevent over-
runs of the Y drives.
1.2 X-Y Counters
Two sets of counters are mounted on top of the instrument.
The counters have a least reading of one (1) millimeter and
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are resettable to zero for any position of the carriages.
The intended purpose of the counters is to obtain refer-
ence coordinates for images being viewed to identify their
location for recovery at a later date.
The counters are gear connected to the film drives and
have a maximum range of 999 millimeters in the direction
the film is spooled (X) and across the film (Y). Since the
measuring range in X is limited to only a small segment of
the film length and the high speed slew range of the film
might damage the X counters, the counters are automaticly
uncoupled from the drive when the X motor drive is activated.
Therefore, the X counters will only meter film in X manual
drive. When the X drives are coupled, only the right X
counter records the X coordinate.
Since the Y drive is limited to the width of nine inch film
(approximately 230mm) and the motor drive has only a single
slow speed, the Y counters are activated in both manual and
motor drive. Also, both counters remain engaged in the Y
couple mode.
Four flexible cable type drives couple the counters to their
respective drives; therefore the counters may be mounted in
a stationary location even though the drive which they are
metering is displaced. Each flexible cable drive is con-
nected to a pair of opposite acting counters. One counter
records correct coordinates when driving in a positive
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\
WEI
direction and the other when driving in a negative direction
Half silvered (one way) mirrors are placed in front of the
counters. The counter which is recording the coordinate in
the direction being driven is illuminated and therefore is
visible through the one way. mirror. The other counter which
would be running backward from zero is not illuminated and
is not visible through the one way mirror. When the counter
is driven through zero the lamp illuminating one counter
is deactivated and the other lamp is turned on automatically,
1,2.7 Operation Controls
All operating controls are conveniently within reach of the
operator when seated in front of the instrument. It is
necessary that the operator stand only when loading or un-
loading film. From the operators seated position both
films may be viewed through the optical system or directly
on the glass stages.
Three switches are mounted vertically on the center support
columns above the operators desk area. The lower switch
is the main power on-off switch. When it is activated all
other electrical control switches on the instrument are
back illuminated. Their function is engraved on clear
plastic cover plates over the illuminated switches to
facilitate their identification with a low ambient light
level. Above the main power switch are the "X couple" and
the "Y couple" switches which couple the X and Y drives
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for the cylindrical glass stages.
Mounted on the sheet metal housing in front of each of the
glass stages are panels with four switches,- a rotary knob
and a control lever for activating the X and Y motor drives
for each of the stages. The cylindrical stage moves or
rotates in the direction the control lever is moved. The
four switches serve the following functions: one activates
the torque motors which tension the film on the stage, one
turns on the flourescent lamp inside the cylindrical stage
to provide general background illumination for viewing the
film directly, one activates the high intensity light source
for optical viewing of the film and the last switch indexes
both the X and Y counters to zero. The rotary knob con-
trols a silicon controled Rectifier (SCR) Circuit that
provide dimming for the high intensity light source.
On the counter housing are four red buttoms. Each of the
buttons electrically resets the pair of counters adjoining
it to zero. Therefore, the X and Y counters may be indexed
to zero individually or both the X and Y counters on one
side of the instrument may be indexed to zero as a unit
with the appropriate switch on the panel in front of the
cylindrical stage or the buttons next to the counters.
Above the desk surface on either side of the center support
column are four handwheels, two on the left side and two
on the right side. The upper left and right handwheels
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drive the film manually in X. The lower left and right
handwheels drive the film in Y.
At the objective ends of the optical system .is a field
flatteners to compensate for the curved film planes. The
field flattener may be lowered in close proximity to the
film by means of a two position lever at the end of the
optical viewing system. An electrical safety interlock pro-
vides that the field flattener may not be in the lower posi-
tion when the film is being driven in X motor drive.
On the main optical housing behind the eyepieces are three
sets of controls: A pair of graduated knurled rings per-
mit the optical rotation of each of the images being viewed.
Two knobs with a horizontal connecting shaft on top of the
housing provide for the interchange of three sets of relays
for a choice of three different magnification ranges.
Directly behind the eyepieces is a second pair of knobs with
a,connecting shaft to drive the optical zoom systems. The
connecting shaft may be uncoupled to drive the zoom systems
separately. Below the eyepieces is a lever to set the inter-
pupilary distance.
Electronic Chassis
The electronic chassis for controling the operation of the
instrument are housed in enclosures in the right and left
lower front side of the instrument. All chassis are easily
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accessible through hinged full width doors on the enclosures.
Each door has two slotted catch assemblies which require a
mw screwdriver or coin to open.
The left compartment houses the left motor control chassis
and the relay chassis for the instrument. The right com-
partment contains the right motor control chassis, the
power supply chassis and the fuse panel.
Above the electronic chassis in both the left and right com-
partments are time delay circuit chassis for activating
magnetic clutches in the X counter and X manual drives for
the instrument. The chassis are accessible by removing
sheet metal covers from the vertical inside face of the
compartment enclosures.
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II. OPERATION ?
As indicated in Section 1.2.7 the operating controls are
conveniently positioned such that the instrument may be
operated entirely from a seated position in front of the
instrument. It is only necessary to stand when loading
or unloading film.
The following sections describe the operation of the in-
strument.
?
2.1 Film Orientation
When placing rolls of duplicate positive photography on
the instrument either roll may be placed on either side of
the instrument. The only precaution which should be taken
is to have ,the films oriented the same across the stages.
With optical image rotation provided in the viewing system
it is necessary only that the films be positioned with the
emulsion surfaces in the same orientation, however, if film
images are not similarly oriented, it is not possible to
scan the films in the coupled mode.
With twin camera photography, such as forward and reverse
looking convergent frame or convergent panoramic, either
roll may be placed on the left or the right side of the
instrument. The images are rotated optically, if necessary,
to view with the 'base in'. They should have the emulsions
in the same orientation on the stage, however; and to scan
in the coupled mode, imagery should be similarly oriented on
the. two _sAa_ge.EL.
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Positive film transparencies should be viewed with the
emulsion up. Negative transparencies should be viewed
with the emulsion down. For maximum stereoscopic perception
film should be viewed with the eye base parallel with the
airbase. With either vertical or convergent frame, it is
necessary that the images be rotated optically 90 degrees
to align the eye base with the airbase. With the 90? rota-
tion the controls for the X and Y drives appear to be
reversed when viewing through the optical system. Panoramic
photography does not require a 900 rotation; and, therefore,
the controls appear to respond correctly when viewing
through the optical system.
mr 2.1.1 Film Loading
The following procedure should be followed in loading film
on the instrument:
1. Place the diameter sensor retract lever, shown in Figure
7, in the retract position.
2. Release clamp for each of the film spool supports and
pull assembly out as far as it will go.
Rotate the knob on the end of each support arm to its
limit in the direction indicated by the arrow. This
releases the arm and permits it to rotate into a
horizontal position and provide clearance for loading
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large spools on the instrument.
4. Place an empty spool of the size required on one of the
two driving hubs, being sure to engage the key on the
driving hub in the slot in the film spool. The spools
should have a minimum core diameter of 2 inches.
5. While holding the film spool with one hand swing the
support arm back into a vertical position and rotate
the knob which clamps it to the limit of its travel,
opposite to the direction of the Release Arrow on the
knob.
Push the film spool support in until the vertical arm
engages the film spool with no end play. Tighten
clamping lever for the spool support.
7. Repeat steps 4., 5 and 6 with the spool containing the
? film to be viewed. Normally the spool should be posi-
tioned on the driving hub such that the film comes off
the inboard side of the spool as shown in Figure 5 and 6.
This would be the case for positive film spooled with
? the emulsion in and to be viewed with the emulsion up
on the cylindrical stage.
8. .The film is threaded over the cylindrical stage and the
friction drive rollers and under the idler rollers as
indicated in Figure 6 for normal operation. If it is
required to wind the film opposite to that shown on
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either or both spools, the toggle switches on the wall
above the spools (shown in Figure 8) should be placed
in the REVERSE position setting for the spools involved.
9. Place the diameter sensor retract lever in the OPERATE
position and activate the film tension button on the
control panel. The film drive is then ready to operate.
ow 2.1.2 Unloading Film
The following procedure should be followed in unloading film
from the instrument.
1. Drive all the film off the stage and onto one film spool.
2. Deactivate the film tension by depressing the 'film
tension button' on the control panel in front of the
film stage.
Place the diameter sensor retract lever (as shown in
Figure 7) in the retract position.
Release the clamping lever for the spool support.
Holding the film spool with one hand, pull the spool
support assembly out as far as it will go.
5. Rotate the knob on the end of,the support arm to its
limit in the direction indicated by the arrow on the
knob. This permits the vertical support arm to swing
Into a horizontal position and provide clearance for
unloading large film spools.
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2.2 goptical Viewing System
The eyepiece tubes are parallel and depressed approximately
15 degrees from the horizontal to provide comfortable view-
ing by the operator seated erect in front of the instrument.
The eye point is not adjustable vertically. To accommodate
for various height operators, the operators' chair should be
adjustable through a vertical range of + 2 inches from a
nominal height of 17 inches. The eye relief of the eyepieces
is approximately 25mm to provide clearance for operators wear-
ing corrective lenses. If the operator normally wears pre-
scription glasses they should be worn when viewing through
the optical system, particularly if they correct for an
astigmatism and/or phoria. An adjustable head rest holds
the operators' head in the correct orientation for viewing.
A lever below the eyepieces permits the separation of eye-
pieces between 55 and 72mm in order to match the inter-
pupillary separation of the operators eyes. A scale adjoining
the lever allows the operator to set in the correct value,
If known.
The eyepieces are provided with + 4 diopters of focusable
range. The outer sleeve on the eyepiece is rotated to focus.
The diopter setting is indicated on the eyepiece tube. To
properly focus the eyepieces the zoom control should be at
the low end of its range. When focused at the low end of
zoom range the image should remain in sharp focus throughout
the zoom range.
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Selection of the magnification range must be the same
for both sides of the optical system; however, the zoom
may be varied independently to provide a scale matching
ratio of 3:1 between the two optical systems. The relay
selector consists of two knobs, see Figure 1, with a
horizontal connecting shaft, mounted on top of the relay
housing. The knobs are engraved with setting 2.5, 6 and
12 to indicate which relay lens is in the optical path.
To reduce wear on the relay lens interchange system it is
recommencied that both hands be used to turn the knobs when
changing the relay setting.
The zoom controls are immediately behind the eyepieces
and consist of two coupled knurled knobs. A disk type
button is mounted concentric with the right knob. Pulling
the button out a short distance disengages the couple be-
tween the knobs and permits the optical systems to be
zoomed separately. To recouple, the zoom knobs should
both be driven to the lower end of their zoom range and
the button depressed to engage drives.
For viewing panoramic or,strip camera photography the
rotating prisms, mounted to the sides Of the relay housings,
should both be set at zero. To view frame photography
one prism should be rotated to +900 and the other to -900
.
If a pseudoscopic image results the 900 orientations of
the prisms should be interchanged.
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Field flatteners are mounted on the objective ends of the
optical system to compensate for the curved viewing stages.
A control lever, shown in Figure 4, lowers the field flatten-
er into close proximity to the film. It will generally not
be found necessary to lower the unit; however, for maximum
correction and, therefore, maximum resolution throughout
the field of view it should be used. It should be noted
that a safety interlock prevents the instrument from
operating in X motor drive when the field flattener is
down.
2.3 Film Drive
Both the motor and manual film drives require the use of
the opposite acting torque motors to tension the film on
the cylindrical stages. The motor drives are intended for
the general viewing, rapid scan and slewing the film in
separate and in coupled modes. The manual drives are in-
tended for fine positioning, scanning at high magnifying
power, and establishing rough identification coordinates
for selected points on the films.
2.3.1 Motor Drive
Before the film may be driven in X motor drive it is necessary
that the 'Film Tension' button on the control panel in front
of the stage be activated. To drive the film in 'X' the
control lever on the panel in front of the stage is moved
forward or back. The film and stage rotates in the same
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direction as the control lever and the speed is proportional
to angular displacement of the lever. The control lever
will return the center 'off' position automatically if
released; however, it is recommended that it be returned
smoothly by hand since a sudden deceleration may cause the
film to slip on the stage. If the film does not move when
the control lever is displaced in 'X', check if the field
flattener lever, shown in Figure 4, is in the down position
since this will disengage the 'X' motor drive. It should
be noted that the X counters do not operate in X motor drive
The displacement of the control lever to the left or right
drives the film stage in the Y direction. The stage moves
in the direction in which the lever is deflected. The Y
drive is provided with only one single speed motor; therefore,
it is not possible to drive the two stages in opposite direc-
tions simultaneously. Limit switches at the ends of the
Stage Travel disengage clutches in the drive linkage and
prevent damage to the stage carriage, motor or drive linkage.
To couple the X or Y motor drives there are two switches
above the main power switch on the center support column.
In X couple, the friction drive rollers which contact the
film are coupled together by a telescoping drive shaft.
Though the two films may be driven with either control lever
it is more satisfactory to use both control levers for
smoother and faster responses. Since the drives are
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connected, both films will move at the same velocity re-
gardless of whether the control levers are deflected the
same amount or not. For Y motor drive there is only one
motor; therefore, when in the Y coupled mode, it does not
matter whether one or both control levers are activated.
2.3.2 Manual Drive
Two pair of hand wheels mounted on the sides of the center
support column above the operators desk surface provide for
X and Y manual drive. The X handwheel drive is disengaged
automatically when the control lever for the associated motor
drive is moved off its center position. The X manual drive
and the X counter are coupled together and this high speed
motor drive in X would be too fast and too great a distance
for the counter to record. Also, it would be undesirable for
the X handwheel to rotate when in X motor drive. A time
delay circuit in the X drive requires two to three seconds
to re-engage the X manual drive after the control lever is
returned to the center position. In Y the drive is much
more limited (+ 4i inches) and is slower; therefore, it is
not necessary to disengage the counters. However, to avoid
the Y handwheels turning when in motor drive, the handwheels
are spring loaded to automatically disengage the drive to the
handwheel when the operator's hand is removed from the control.
With this arrangement, it is necessary to press in on the Y
handwheels to engage the drive when rotating the handwheel
to drive the film in the Y direction.
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When the X couple is energized the right X handwheel
drives both films and film stages together in the X
direction. The left X handwheel and left X counters
are disengaged in the coupled mode.
In the Y coupled mode either handwheel will drive the
two film carriages in Y. Both sets of counters record
the Y displacement of the carriages. As with the indi-
vidual carriage drives it is necessary to press in on
the handwheel to engage the drive linkage.
2.4 X - Y Coordinate Counters
The X-Y coordinate counters are intended for measuring
rough coordinates relative to some arbitrary origin.
They have a maximum measuring range of 999mm. The least
reading of the counters is one millimeter. They may be
indexed to zero at any point. Reference reticles are
included in both eyepieces to assist in pointing for
measuring coordinates.
The reference reticles are dissimilar. An open cross
reticle is in the right eyepiece and an open circle in
the left"eyepiece. This arrangement allows easy identifi-
cation as to which film exposure is being measured and
avoids the tendency on the part of the operator to try
to fuse the reticle images.
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Coordinates are positive if they are to the right and
above the arbitrary reference origin. Four red buttons
on the counter housings index the associated counters
to zero. Also, a button labeled "counter reset" on each
of the control panels in front of the stages index the
pair counters on that side of the instrument to zero.
The X coordinates may only be measured in manual drive.
In the coupled mode, only the right set of X counters
record the coordinates. The Y coordinates, are recorded
in both the manual and motor mode and both counters record
the Y coordinates in the coupled mode.
To assure positive indexing of the counters to zero it
is recommended as a general practice that the counter
reset buttons be depressed twice. Normally one actuation
of the reset buttoh is sufficient; however, if the last
digit wheel is perfectly centered on the fifth digit it
may require a second actuation.
To use the coordinate measuring system the reticle is
first placed on the reference origin and the counters
indexed to zero. The film may then be driven to place the
reticle on any other image point and the relative coordinates
recorded. The coordinates are continuously accumulated in
either the positive or negative direction; therefore, any
number of coordinates may be obtained relative to an origin
without resetting on the origin. The sign of the coordinates
is indicated to the left of the reading.
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2.5 Illumination
The illumination systems are activated by two switches on
the control panels in front of each of the glass stages.
One switch on each panel labeled 'background illumination'
activates an 8 watt fluorescent tube mounted inside each
drum. The fluorescent tube provides general illumination
of the film on the stage. A second switch on the panel
labeled 'high intensity illumination' controls a 300 watt
projection lamp which illuminates the area within the
field of view of the optical system. A rotatable control
knob above the switches varies the intensity of the
illumination. Rotating the knob clockwise increases the
illumination.
Clipped to the fluorescent tubes are rotatable light
shields. By proper rotated orientation the shield will
occlude the portion of the tube not being used when films
less than 91 inches in width are used on the instrument.
For illuminating 91 inch wide film they should be rotated?
to the underside of the tube.
The 300 watt projection lamp is imaged into the optical
system by a refractive type condensing system. Just below
the cylindrical stage glass is an assembly consisting of
an anamorphic lens and blue diffusing filter to provide an
even distribution of illumination across the field of view
of the optical system. The blue filter also maintains the
color temperature of the illumination when the projection
lamp .is dimmed by rotating the knob above the switches.
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The knob controls a silicon controlled rectifier (SCR)
which varies the voltage to the lamp. In addition, iris
diaphragms are mounted on the rotation prism assemblies ?
for varying the illumination if desired.
A tandem blower unit exhausts the air from the Lamp house
of the 300 watt lamps. The blower units is energized any-
time the main power switch is on.
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III. ROUTINE MAINTENANCE AND SERVICING
3.1 General
The primary consideration in the routine maintenance
of the Panoramic Stereoviewer is to keep it clean.
Dirt and grit are the worst enemies of a precision
instrument. A dust cover has been furnished with the
unit and it is recommended that the instrument be kept
covered when not in use.
Particular care should be taken when cleaning and
servicing that proper materials and procedures are
used. Improper cleaning procedures can do more harm
than good, particularly to optical components. Ex-
cessive amounts or the wrong type of lubricants may
attract and hold dust and grit and tend to clog or
restrict the motions they are intended to lubricate.
3.2 Lubrication
The frequency at which this instrument should be cleaned
and lubricated is dependent on the environment in which
it is operated and the amount'of use it receives. In
general it is recommended that the rear panels on the
instrument and the cover on the back of the counter
assembly should be removed once a year and the instru-
ment thoroughly cleaned and relubricated. The optical
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system will require cleaning at more frequent intervals.
The mechanical components of the relay lens interchange
and the zoom system have been factory lubricated for the
life of the instrument. No attempt should be made to
gain access to these housings or to disassemble the eye-
pieces or objective assemblies. They have been adjusted
at the factory and should not be disturbed.
The bevel and spur gears in the manual drives, counter
drives and the Y motor drive should.be lubricated with
a material such as Molykote(R)
The upper end of the flexi-
ble drive shafts for the manual drives and the counters
should be disconnected and lubricated with a lubricant
such as powdered Graphitar(R). Where the cables for con-
trolling the diameter sensing arms pass through the cable
guides should be lubricated with Molykote(R) or a similar
heavy type grease.
The supporting guide rods and the ball bushings for the
Y carriage assemblies should be cleaned and relubricated
with a light machine oil. Wipe off the excess oil to avoid .
attracting dust and grit to the rods. Clean and relubri-
cate the drive spindles for the Y carriages.
All motors and the blower unit have sealed bearings which
do not require lubrication.
The cylindrical glass stages are mounted between radial
type ball bearings. The bearings were lubricated with a very
light machine oil at the time of assembly. The bearings
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should not require further lubrication; however if the
stages are replaced, the bearings should be inspected.
If the bearing feels sticky or rough it should be cleaned
by flushing and relubricated with a very light machine
oil.
3.3 Cleaning the Film Stage
The glass stages and the rubber coated friction rollers
associated with the film drive should be cleaned at
frequent intervals. Access is obtained to the inner
surface of the stage by driving the Y carriage to its
outer most limit.
The recommended procedure for cleaning the glass sur-
faces is to saturate a clean cloth or lens tissue with
isopropyl alcohol or a mild detergent solution and hold
it lightly in contact with the stage while rotating the
stage by hand. Do not press or rub hard on the surface
of the stage until all grit type material has been re-
moved since it will act as an abrasive and may scratch
the surface. After cleaning, the surface should be
wiped dry with a second cloth or other lens tissue.
The rubber coated friction and guide rollers should be
wiped with a damp cloth to remove any grit or other
foreign matter from their surface.
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3.4 Lamp Replacement
To remove the fluorescent tube which is mounted inside
the cylindrical glass stage, the Y carriage should be
driven to its outermost position. The tube is then
easily accessable through the end of the stage mount.
Before removing the tube the light shield which clips
to the tube should be removed by pulling it straight
off. The tube is removed by rotating it one quarter
of a turn. Caution is advised in rotating the tube,
it will rotate more easily in one direction due to the
configuration of the terminal contacts in the sockets.
Forcing the tube. to rotate in the wrong direction may
break the plastic cover, on the socket. As a general
practice try rotating the tube in both directions with
a small force before increasing the amount of force.
To replace the 300 watt projection lamp the Y carriage
should be driven to its'outermost position. This will
expose the lamphouse for the high intensity illumina-
tion system outside the cylindrical glass stage and the
vertical mounting plate for the stage. A hinged cover
on top of the lamp housing may then be opened to provide
access to the lamp. The lamp is mounted base down and
may be removed by pulling straight out through the open-
ing.
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no
STATI NTL
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3.5 Cleaning Mirrors and Condensing Lenses
The only exposed mirror in the instrument is the 450
mirror in the high intensity condensor
type illumination system. This is a first surface
mirror and extreme care should be taken in cleaning.
Loose dust and grit should be removed first by dusting
lightly with a camel hairbrush. Oil and smoke film
deposits along with fingerprints and stubborn grit may
then be removed by lightly drawing lens tissues satu-
rated with isopropyl alcohol or a mild detergent solu-
tion across the mirror surface. After all foreign
material has been removed the mirror surface should be
dried with clean dry lens tissues.
A similar procedure is recommended for cleaning the
condensor elements and the blue filter in the system,
with the exception that the extreme care specified for
cleaning the mirrors may be relaxed somewhat. The
elements in the condensor system may be removed for
cleaning.
3.6 Care of the Optical Viewin System
Only exposed surfaces of the optical viewing system
should be cleaned. No attempt should be made to re-
move any of the optical elements for cleaning. The
optical system has been adjusted at the factory and
should not be disturbed.
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The exposed glass to air surfaces of the optical system
have an antireflection coating deposited on them. The
recommended porcedure for cleaning is to first blow all
loose dust and grit from these surfaces with a syringe.
Then any stubborn dust and grit should be removed by
brushing lightly with a clean camel hair brush. Finger-
prints and smoke and oil film deposits may then be re-
moved with a Q-tip moistened lightly with isopropyl
alcohol or Xylol.
3.7 Replacement of Cylindrical Film Stage
In the unlikely event that one of the glass stages has to
be replaced, the following procedure is recommended:
Operate the joystick until the carriage containing the
stage to be replaced is in its innermost position to the
center of the instrument. Remove film from the carriage
and de-energize the instrument.
First remove the fluorescent tube and loosen the two
set screws which clamp the two anamorphic' condenser lens
guide rods. Next remove the four rod supports for the
two friction rollers. In the case of the friction rollers,
this requires removal of the bearing retainer rings and
ball bearings.
The fluorescent tube wiring, including the outboard
connector bracket, should now be disconnected from the
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stage support casting in preparation for the removal
of the casting from the main vertical support plate.
The four bolts which clamp the stage support casting
may now be removed and the casting pulled from its
locating dowel pins. During this operation, the glass
stage must be supported and pulled with the casting to
avoid damage.
Remove the drum from its '0' ring mounting and replace
with new drum. This may be facilitated by applying soap
to the '0' ring. Reverse the above procedure to replace
the assembly.
To align the rollers after reassembly, use a 10 second
spirit level and adjust each individual rod axis parallel
to the stage by appropriate movement of the four rod end
supports.
Check manually for slippage between the drive rollers
and the glass stage after alignment. Light contact pressure
. only is required between these elements to prevent slippage.
Load film onto the instrument and operate. Note the film
being wrapped-on the take-up spool, and if the edge of the
film tends to rub or ride up one spool flange, check the
adjustment of the idler roller axes.
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3.8 Electrical Maintenance
Operator maintenance of the instrument should be limited
to the replacement of fuses which are located inside the
front right electronic compartment. Malfunctions which
occur that cannot be attributed to a blown fuse or to
improper setting of the controls should be corrected by
a qualified electronic technician or engineer. The
operator is cautioned to disconnect the main power cord
before opening the doors of the electronic compartments.
The following is a list of all fuses, their size, and
function.
Fuse
Ident. # Size Function
Fl 250v 20A Main power
Cartridge
F2 AGC-10 -24v power supply
-30v power supply
F3 3AG lA Blower M-5
125v
F4 AGC2 Fluorescent lamp FL-1 & FL-2
F5 AGC-10 Projection Lamp 1L-2
F6 MDL-4 Y-drive motor M-6
F7 AGC-10 Projection Lamp IL-1
F8 MDL-4 Power controls for motor M-1
F9 MDL4 Power controls for motor M-2
F10 MDL4 Power controls for motor M-4
Fll MDL4 Power controls for motor M-3
F12 AGC4 -90v power supply
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An electrical schematic of the instrument is included
in the pocket in the back of the manual to assist
qualified personnel in trouble shooting ?the instru-
ment. Also included is a tabulation of possible
troubles, the cause and the remedy to assist in diag-
1.
nosing troubles.
TROUBLE
a.
b.
c.
POSSIBLE CAUSE
a.
b.
c.
REMEDY
All controls inoperative
and all lights out.
Line cord unplugged.
Main fuse defective.
Defective relay RL-22.
Connect plug.
Replace fuse.
Replace Relay
RL-22.
2.
Pilot light on main panel
switch, Sl, out-all other
Burned out bulb.
Replace bulb.
.components normal.
3.
All pilot lights out but
a. Fuse F2 open.
a.
Replace fuse.
auxiliary lamps FL-1,
FL-2, and projection
lamps 1L-1, 1L-2 only
operate.
b. 24v DC supply defec-
tive.
b.
Replace or
repair supply.
4.
Projection lamp 1L-1
a.
Lamp burned out.
a.
Replace lamp.
or 1L-2 not operating.
b.
Fuse F5 or F7 open.
b.
Replace F5 or
C.
Switch S2 or S5 de-
fective.
c.
Replace S2 or
S5.
d.
Dimmer control Rh i or
R13 defective.
d.
Replace R11
or R13.
5. Cannot dim projection
lamp 1L-1 or 1L-2
operating at full inten-
sity.
6. Auxiliary (Fluorescent)
lamp FL-1 or FL-2 not
operating.
e.
Dimmer control circuit
defective.
Dimmer control cir-
cuit defective.
a. Lamp FL-1 or FL-2
burned out.
b. Fuse F4 open.
c. Switch S3 or S5 d
fective.
e. Check for de-
fective com-
ponent & replacE
Check for defec-
tive Component
and replace.
a. Replace lamp
FL-1 or FL-2.
b. Replace F4.
c. Replace S3 or
S5.
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7. Cooling blower not
operating at all times.
8. X-drive left side not
operative when joystick
is moved up or down.
9. X-drive right side not
operative when joystick
is moved up or down.
10. X-drive left side drives
in one direction only or
X-drive right side drives
in one direction only.
11. X-drive left side drives
in both directions but
response is different in
one direction; or X-drive
right side drives in both
directions but response is
different in one direction.
12. X-drive left side drives
with field flattener down
when joystick is down; or
X-drive right side drives
with field flattener down
when joystick is up.
13. X-manual handwheel on left
side does not move film or
X-manual handwheel on
right side does not move
film.
14. Activation of X-manual
clutch delayed too long
after left joystick is re-
leased or activation of
X-manual clutch delayed too
long after right joystick
is released.
a. Fuse F3 open.
b. Motor M-5 defective.
a. Film tension switch,
S6, not pressed.
b. Field flattener on
left side lowered.
a. Film tension switch,
S9, not pressed.
b. Field flattener on
right side lowered.
Defective motor con-
troller, respectively.
Diameter sensor
retracted.
Film tension not
balanced due to im-
proper adjusted R23
R29; R49 Or R65,
respectively.
a. Replace F3 fuse.
b. Replace M-5
motor.
a. Press switch S6.
b. Raise field
flattener.
a. Press switch S9.
b. Raise field
flattener.
Check for de-
fective com-
ponent & replace
Set diameter
sensor to
operate posi-
tion.
Adjust R23 or
R39 with joy-
or stick down, or
adjust R49 or
R65 with joy-
stick up.
Film tension switch
S6 or S9 respectively
not activated. '
Improper setting of
time delay potentio-
meter R88 or R92
respectively.
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Activate film
tension switch
S6 or S9 re-
spectively.
Reset time de1a3
potentiometer
R88 or R92.
Note these
potentiometers
are located be-
hind panel on
rear side of
electronic com-
partment.
nig
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15. Film tension extremely
high on left drive or
film tension extremely
high on right drive.
16. Film dumps off spool
after loading on left
drive or film dumps off
spool after loading on
right drive.
17. Y-drive inoperative -
left and right carriages
do not move.
18. Left side Y-drive in-
operative - will not
drive left.
19. Left side Y-drive in-
operative - will not
drive right.
20. Right side Y-drive in-
operative - will not
drive right.
21. Right side Y-drive in-
operative - will not
drive left.
22. Manual Y-drive on left
side inoperative - will
not drive right or left.
Or manual Y-drive on
right side inoperative -
will not drive right or
left.
Potentiometer R26 or
R36, potentiometer
R52 or R56 respective-
ly improperly adjusted.
Drive reversing switches
S16 and/or S17 in wrong
position, S18 and/or S19
in wrong position respec
tively.
a. Fuse F6 open.
b. Defective relay
RL-16 or RL-17.
a. Carriage at limit of
travel.
b. Defective relay RL-3.
c. Defective clutch CL1.
a. Carriage at limit of
travel.
b. Defective relay RL-4.
c. Defective clutch CL-1.
a. Carriage at limit of
travel.
b. Defective relay RL-2.
?13. Defective clutch CL-3.
a. Carriage at limit of
travel.
b. Defective relay RL-l.
c. Defective clutch CL-3.
Defective clutch CL-2
or CL-4, respectively.
Adjust R26
and/or R36, ad-
just R52 and/or
R56 respectively
Set switches as
indicated on
switch plates &
instructions for
loading film.
a. Replace F6 fuse.
b. Replace RL-16
or RL-17.
a. Operate joystick
to move carriage
in opposite
direction.
b. Replace RL-3.
c. Replace CL1.
a. Operate joystick
to move opposite
direction.
b. Replace RL-4.
c. Replace CL-1.
a. Operate joystick
to move carriage
in opposite
direction.
b. Replace RL-2.
c. Replace CL-3.
a. Operate joystick
to move carriage
in opposite
direction.
b. Replace RL-1.
c. Replace CL-3.
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Replace CL-2
or CL-4.
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Head rest
Side View of Instrument
FIGURE 2
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Blower Ports
Rear View of Instrument
FIGURE 3
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umper
Main
Power
Cord
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Field Flattener
Control Lever
Right Film Stage and Objective Assembly
FIGURE 4
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Relay Control
Left End with Covers Removed
FIGURE 5
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Zoom
Control
Image
Rotation
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Left Film Carriage with Covers Removed
FIGURE 6
Approved For Release 2002/01/02 : CIA-RDP78604747A002900020012-6
Approved For Release 2002/01/02 : CIA-RDP78604747A002900020012-6
Diameter Sensors
Diameter Sensor
Retract Lever
Left Film Drive
FIGURE 7
Approved For Release 2002/01/02 : CIA-RDP78604747A002900020012-6
Film
Spools
Spool
Support
Arm
Approved For Release 2002/01/02 : CIA-RDP78604747A002900020012-6
Lamphouse
Blower
"X" Counter
Drive
X Manual
Drive Shaft
Left Drives with Covers Removed
FIGURE 8
Approved For Release 2002/01/02 : CIA-RDP78604747A002900020012-6
Manual
Drive
Roller
Idler
Roller
Clindri-
cal
Film
Stage
Film
Drive
Reversing
Switch
Approved For Release 2002/01/02 : CIA-RDP78604747A002900020012-6
Right Motor Control
Chassis
_ t
, -
11111V4IF' I- Frivwr?-- -410111to -11s, tr-
_ ,4111V tO0.471111-;
. 0, ? ,
OnlIS):17:14C.1 ?
Right Front Electronic Compartment
FIGURE 9
Approved For Release 2002/01/02 : CIA-RDP78604747A002900020012-6
Power
Supply
Chassis
Fuse
Panel
Approved For Release 2002/01/02 : CIA-RDP78604747A002900020012-6
Relay Chassis
Left Motor Control Chassis
Left Front Electronic Compartment
FIGURE 10
Approved For Release 2002/01/02 : CIA-RDP78604747A002900020012-6
Approved For Release 2002/01/02 : CIA-RDP78604747A002900020012-6
Right Time Delay Chassis
Time Delay Chassis
FIGURE 11
Approved For Release 2002/01/02 : CIA-RDP78604747A002900020012-6