DAILY SNAP - CIS AGREEMENT ON UNIFIED DEFENSE BUDGET AND FINANCING PROCEDURE

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CIA-RDP96-00792R000500430002-4
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RIFPUB
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K
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4
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November 4, 2016
Document Release Date: 
August 25, 2003
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2
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Publication Date: 
March 17, 1992
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MAGAZINE
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} Tuesday March 17, 1992 Daily SNAP FOREIGN TECHNOLOGY CENTER Title: CIS AGREEMENT ON UNIFIED DEFENSE BUDGET AND FINANCING PROCEDURE Primary Source: Krasnaya zvezda, February 20, 1992, No. 41 (20728), p. 1, cols. 7-8; p. 3, cols. 1-2 Abstract: The article is the text of an Agreement among Member-States of the Com- monwealth of Independent States on Formu- lating a Unified Defense Budget and a Pro- cedure for Financing the Armed Forces of the Commonwealth's States. This agreement was adopted in Minsk on February 14, 1992. The agreement, which consists of seven articles, states in particular that the unified budget shall include expenditures for maintenance of the army and navy; for paying for weapons, military equipment and service property, including purchasing of nuclear weapons; for paying for scientific- technical products; for major construction and major repair work, including special construction and housing construction; and for pension support of servicemen and mem- bers of their families. Principles and procedures are defined for determining the amounts which are to be appropriated for these purposes. Article 4 stipulates that the unified defense budget shall be drafted by the Main Command of the commonwealth's armed forces, examined by the council of defense ministers (chairmen of defense com- mittees) of the commonwealth's member- states and approved by the commonwealth's Council of Heads of States. In line with Article 5, the commonwealth's member-states assume the obligation of taking part in forming the unified defense budget by con- tributing fixed amounts to it. The amounts of these contributions and a procedure for calculating them shall be determined by the commonwealth's Council of Heads of Govern- ments. The agreement is signed by the repre- sentatives of Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Apprglease 2003/09/09 : CIA-RDP96-00792R000500430002-4 Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tadzhikistan, Turkmeni- stan and Uzbekistan with no special stipu- lations. The presidents of Azerbaydzhan and Ukraine signed a special opinion which states that these republics are not taking part in forming a unified defense budget for maintenance of general-purpose strate- gic forces but are sharing in the cost of financing only maintenance of strategic forces on Azerbaydzhan and Ukrainian terri- tory during the period which is determined for these republics in accordance with the Minsk agreement on strategic forces of De- cember 30, 1991. (SNAP 920317) Author: Golovanov, Yaroslav Title: RELIABILITY OF ARTICLE ABOUT FATAL SPACE ACCIDENTS QUESTIONED Primary Source: Nezavisimaya gazeta, Feb- ruary 19, 1992, No. 33 (204), p. 5, cols. 1-4 Extract: On January 18, Nezavisimaya gaze- ta published excerpts from "Secrets of So- viet Rocket and Space Industry," a "lengthy article" by Aleksandr Bolonkin. This article relates that according to data from the Central Intelligence Agency, at least five space flights ended in fatal accidents and at least six accidents which claimed victims occurred on the ground in the USSR over a period of 10 years (1957- 1967). I talked with Semen Mikhaylovich Alek- seyev, a pioneer of our cosmonautics who headed a design bureau during the years which are of interest to us and the CIA. Pressure suits, space suits and the first life support systems were produced at this bureau. "A person's death in space cannot be concealed, because thousands of people are Approved For Release 2003/09/09 : CIA-RDP96-00792R000500430002-4 Approved For Release 2003/09/09 : CIA-RDP96-00792R000500430002-4 involved in his mission and such informa- tion cannot help but leak out [said Alekse- yev]. I surely would have known of such a mission in connection with my own immediate duties. My sworn testimony is that Bolon- kin's article contains utter lies." Who is Aleksandr Bolonkin, incidental- ly? An introduction reports that he is a doctor of technical sciences who worked in our aviation and rocket industry for 30 years and is now living in New York. While engaged in space journalism over a period of 30 years, I have been at Baykonur and Kapustin Yar and many space scientific re- search institutes and design bureaus but have never heard his name. Bolonkin's book Development of Soviet Rocket Engines for Strategic Missiles was published in the United States in 1991. Work on engines for strategic missiles was done primarily by the design bureau which the late academi- cian V. P. Glushko headed. I telephoned V. I. Kurbatov, a former deputy head of this bureau who worked at Kapustin Yar and Baykonur for a number of months and knows all there is to know about specialists in "space" engines. "I never heard that name before," said Vladimir Ivanovich in surprise. "If a doc- tor of sciences had written such a book, I surely would have known about it." "The book is miserable," asserted M. V. Tarasenko, an expert on Soviet cosmo- nautics from the Moscow Physical-Technical Institute. "I have just returned from the United States, where I gave lectures and saw this book. It is a rehash of articles from our encyclopedia Cosmonautics (Kosmo- navtika), which was published seven years ago." D. D. Sevruk, another former deputy head of Glushko's bureau and now a profes- sor of the Moscow Aviation Institute imeni Ordzhonikidze, testified: "I venture to say that I know almost every specialist who has been connected with engines of strate- gic missiles, but I don't know Aleksandr Bolonkin. Moreover, during the late 1960s, I studied questions of the reliability of all of our rocket and space technology and analyzed and systematized all cases of mal- functions. I had to dig up facts about un- known accidents in which attempts had been made to conceal the parties responsible for them. But any human victims were out of the question; if there had been any, I would surely have known." (SNAP 920317) Title: IDEAS FOR REORGANIZING FOREIGN MAR- KETING OF WEAPONS, MILITARY EQUIPMENT Primary Source: Nezavisimaya gazeta, Feb- ruary 19, 1992, No. 33 (204), p. 2, cols. 5-8 Abstract: The article is an interview with Vladimir Dmitriyevich Shibayev, deputy chairman of the Committee for Foreign Eco- nomic Relations (KVES), in regard to mar- keting of Soviet weapons and military equipment abroad and progress in reorganiz- ing such trade since the breakup of the USSR. The 45-year-old Shibayev is identi- fied as a graduate of the Moscow Higher Technical School imeni Bauman and the Acad- emy of Foreign Trade, the formulator of a strategy for foreign trade and a creator of commercial strategies for this purpose. He is in charge of questions of foreign trade; trade in weapons, foodstuffs, raw materials and equipment; and investment cooperation. Shibayev relates that the Russian Fed- eration intends to go on fulfilling specif- ic obligations of the former USSR for de- livering weapons and military equipment and rendering services, taking political deci- sions and considerations of mutual profit into account. Military cooperation with Nicaragua has practically ceased, and coop- eration with Cuba, Laos, Vietnam, Mongolia, Yemen and North Korea has been substantial- ly curtailed. In accordance with United Nations decisions, Russia has unilaterally stopped fulfilling contractual obligations to Yugoslavia and Cambodia. At the same time, Russia seeks to go on cooperating with other countries which have been tradi- tional trade partners for many years. Tea is being imported from India in return for shipments within the framework of military- technical cooperation with the former USSR, for example. Military personnel now have the opportunity to sell some of their ser- vice property and auxiliary and other equipment abroad. Commercial structures have been created within the framework of the army and navy for this purpose. Pro- duction of better weapons more economically Approved For Release 2003/09/09 : CIA-RDP96-00792R000500430002-4 Approved For Release 2003/09/09 : CIA-RDP96-00792R000500430002-4 and continuation of defense production at enterprises where this is expedient have become guidelines for conversion, since marketing of weapons has proved to be high- ly profitable. Shibayev mentions that KVES is working on opening up new markets. Shibayev points out that liberaliza- tion of trade in weapons and military equipment does not mean abandonment of state supervision, since not all weapons producers are skilled in marketing, and state interests must be observed. Competi- tion among weapons producers must be regu- lated in order to support prices and pre- vent oversaturation of the market, for ex- ample. Shibayev thinks that a state system for foreign trade and state supervision should be ensured and that only specially authorized organizations and firms which are competent in particular fields should be allowed to engage in such trade. Coun- tries with which trade is forbidden should be precisely designated, and there should be a list of chemical, nuclear and other weapons which cannot be exported. Whereas specialized administrations of the USSR Ministry of Foreign Economic Rela- tions used to carry on trade in weapons in practice, it is now proposed to create a supreme coordinating agency or committee consisting of highest-level officials of the ministries of economics and finance, industry and defense, the Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, KVES, the federal secu- rity and foreign intelligence agencies and possibly other concerned agencies, Shibayev reports. This committee would make all of the most important strategic decisions. The president would head all trade in weap- ons and coordinate it on a global scale. A parliamentary commission on military-tech- nical cooperation might also be created, for supervisory purposes. KVES' adminis- tration for military-technical cooperation would issue export licenses and perform other functions for state monitoring and regulation of trade in weapons. For the purpose of ensuring that professionals are in charge of trading activity, two state companies have now been created on the ba- sis of three former administrations. Prac- tically everyone who is capable of trading in weapons is now concentrated in these ad- ministrations. Smaller companies, includ- ing ones for servicing military aircraft, are to be created within the framework of the state companies. Shibayev mentions in conclusion that in the field of trade in weapons, KVES has encountered opposition in the Ministry of Defense and other agencies. Enterprises of the Ministry of Industry which have lost state orders are considering exporting their products independently at prices sev- eral times below the market place, for ex- ample. Legislation which formerly governed trade in weapons will remain in effect un- til a new law on military-technical cooper- ation is passed. (This law is supposed to be drafted by October 1, 1992.) Under ex- isting laws, weapons producers cannot sell their products without going through the proper formalities, and this has become a source of discontent. (SNAP 920317) Author: Kotlyarov, Yu. (Kemerovo) Title: JOINT-STOCK COMPANY TO CONDUCT SPACE STUDIES IN SUPPORT OF AGRICULTURE Primary Source: Trud, January 31, 1992, No. 21 (21545), p. 1, cols. 6-7 Entire Text: Pilot-cosmonaut Aleksey Leo- nov has arrived in Kemerovo by plane. As a leader of the international Joint-stock company "Chetek" and director of the firm "Chetek-kosmos," he proposed using in the Kuznetsk Basin promising tech- nologies based on space surveys for in- creasing the yield and shortening the rip- ening time of farm crops and for improving the ecological situation. As a result, A. Leonov and A. Tuleyev, chairman of the ob- last Council of People's Deputies, signed a cooperation agreement. The company will operate at its own expense, while it is planned to channel the profits into the de- velopment of the infrastructure of agricul- tural enterprises and the processing indus- try. (SNAP 920317) Author: Stukalina, L. Title: MEMBERS OF NEW "RosAN" AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION Approved For Release 2003/09/09 : CIA-RDP96-00792R000500430002-4 Approved For Release 2003/09/09 : CIA-RDP96-00792R000500430002-4 Primary Source: Narodnaya armiya, February 15, 1992, No. 30 (83), p. 3, col. 1 Extract: A new airplane, the AN-38, will take the place of our time-tested AN-28. Introduction of this airplane into produc- tion has begun within the framework of con- version at the Novosibirsk Aircraft Associ- ation, which formerly specialized in mili- tary equipment exclusively.* The new airplane has inherited the best qualities of its predecessor. Outwardly, it resembles the AN-28, but a more advanced and powerful new engine with a lower specific fuel consumption has been installed on it. Whereas, for exam- ple, 245 grams of fuel are used now in takeoff conditions, with the new engine the consumption decreases by 20 percent. It is just as unpretentious as its predecessor; short sand, dirt or ice air- fields are suitable for it. Presentation of the new airplane took place in Novosibirsk. It was organized on the occasion of the creation of "RosAN" -- an association which includes the Aviation Scientific-Technical Complex imeni Antonov, the Novosibirsk Aviation Association, the Rybinsk Engine Design Bureau and the Stupi- no Design Bureau, which designs propellers. *See also the Daily SNAP, January 2, 1992, p. 1, col. 2 (SNAP 920317) the higher school's structure. New depart- ments have emerged. In 1992, a medical- prophylactic department will be added to them. (A photograph is given showing A. Afu- zov, a docent of the chair of electrical engineering, senior science associate A. Sh. Bilyalov and Doctor of Physical-Mathe- matical Sciences E. Abdullayev conducting an experiment in the research laboratory of semiconductor measuring instruments.) (SNAP 920317) Title: HOT CHAMBER OF BRAIN INSTITUTE'S TOMOGRAPH COMPLEX Primary Source: Sankt-Peterburgskiye vedo- mosti, October 9, 1991, No. 31, p. 2, cols. 1-8 Extract: At the USSR Academy of Sciences' Human-Brain Institute, our country's first and thus far only positron-emission tomo- graph (PET) is in operation. All the equipment was installed in a specially built four-story building by the Swedish firm "Scanditronics." (A photograph is given showing junior science associate Olga Fedorova at a hot chamber preparing a radiopharmaceutical for studies on the PET.) (SNAP 920317) Author: Panamarev, V., correspondent Title: FERGANA UNIVERSITY'S SEMICONDUCTOR- INSTRUMENTS LABORATORY Primary Source: Pravda Vostoka, December 17, 1991, No. 244 (22710), p. 2, cols. 3-6 Extract: By a decision of the Cabinet of Ministers with the President of the Repub- lic, Fergana State University was opened in the spring of 1991 at facilities of the pedagogical institute. This constitutes not a name change but radical changes in Comments should be addressed to: FASTC/DXLT Attn: Roger Crozier WPAFB, OH 45433-6508 Additions or deletions to the distribution list should be addressed to: FASTC/DXLP Attn: Mary Washington WPAFB, OH 45433-6508 Recipients of the Daily SNAP are advised that SNAP is intended solely for U.S. gov- ernment agencies and their designated con- tractors. Approved For Release 2003/09/09 : CIA-RDP96-00792R000500430002-4