LETTER TO MR. L. K. WHITE FROM ANDREW E. RUDDOCK

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP84-00780R002800110009-3
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 36
• Document Creation Date: December 14, 2016
• Document Release Date: August 6, 2002
• Sequence Number: 9
• Publication Date: March 12, 1969
• Content Type: LETTER

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UNITED STATES CIVIL SERVICE COMMISSION 16 9
IN
R PCf PLFAASI RIFE TO
BUREAU OF RETIREMENT AND INSURANCE [_/
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20415 March 12, 1969
Mr. L. K. White
Executive Director-Comptroller
Central Intelligence Agency
Washington, D. C. STOP 64
Dear Mr. White:
The new Civil Service Commission pamphlet, The Key Step, presents
to Federal agencies a practicable program to deal with problem
drinking and alcoholism among employees at little or no cost to
the agency. I believe you will find it an interesting publication
and a significant stride in this important area of personnel manage-
ment.
Government probably has a lower rate of alcoholism among employees
than does private industry where experts place the rate at 3 to 5
percent but, in absolute numbers, it probably has many more em-
ployees with drinking problems than any other single employer.
For the most part, Government has lagged behind private industry
in realizing, or even examining, the potential savings in dollars
and human resources that a good alcoholism program offers. If
your agency does not now have an active and formal program to
deal with problem drinking, I urge that you instruct your agency's
Occupational Health Officer to implement one--either The Key Step's
program, or a more comprehensive one. If your agency now is con-
ducting or planning a formal program, I hope you will see that it
is re-examined to ensure it contains the essential elements of
The Key Step's program.
Combatting problem drinking and alcoholism is only one facet of the
Commission's interest and responsibility in leading development of
dynamic and substantive occupational health programs for Federal
employees. To better accomplish its broader objectives, the Com-
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THE MERIT SYSTEM--A GOOD INVESTMENT IN GOOD GOVERNMENT
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mission has established a new Occupational Health and Safety Division.
Its staff soon will be in touch with your agency's occupational health
and safety people to help them and their counterparts in other agencies
work toward further developing employee health and safety programs as
effective management tools.
Sincerely yours,
Andrew E. Ruddock
Director
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In April 1968, the Civil Service Commission published The First Step,
a report of a conference on drinking problems held in late 1967. At that
conference representatives from each Federal agency participated in a dialog
with experts on alcoholism from industry, medicine, science, education, and
organized labor. The thrust of the conference (and of The First Step) was
directed at exploring the need and means for developing a practicable
program to deal with employees who are problem drinkers. Although the
emphasis of the conference was on Federal situations, much of the infor-
mation that was developed is applicable to State and local governments
and to private industry.
This Step, an extension of The First, presents a model program to combat
problem drinking among employees which Federal agencies, and perhaps
others, may adopt or alter to fit their needs.
Some of the material in this pamphlet has been adapted from presentations at the
Conference on Drinking Problems and the publications of others in Government and
industry. The Civil Service Commission gratefully acknowledges these contributions.
For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. (;overnn,ent Printing office
Washington, D.C. 20402 - Price 25 cents (paper cover)
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a program to
COMBAT PROBLEM DRINKING
AMONG EMPLOYEES
THE
KEY
STEP
BUREAU OF RETIREMENT,.INSURANCE, AND
OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
UNITED STATES CIVIL SERVICE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20415
January 1969
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Contents
THE EMPLOYER'S CONCERN ABOUT DRINKING
PROBLEMS
The Cause for Concern . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
DEFINITIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
ADMINISTRATION OF THE PROGRAM
At the Agency Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
At the Installation Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
At the Supervisory Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Sources of Referral . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Expenses of Rehabilitation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
THE AGENCY'S POLICY ON ALCOHOLISM
Need for a Policy Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Sample Policy Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
THE ILLNESS: ALCOHOLISM AND ALCOHOL
The Cause of Alcoholism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
What Alcohol Is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Who Uses Alcohol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
The Stages of Alcoholism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
THE PROGRAM
Responsibility for the Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
How the Program Works . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Why the Program Works . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Relationship to Disciplinary Actions . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Eligibility for Disability Retirement . . . . . . . . . . . 9
THE ROLE OF THE SUPERVISOR
Why the Supervisor Is Responsible . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Early Recognition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Some Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Preparing for Discussion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
The Matter of Privacy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Interview Tactics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
When the First Interview Fails . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
When the Problem Drinker Wants To Cooperate . . . . . . 12
REFERRAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
USE OF SICK LEAVE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
RECORDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
SOURCES OF REHABILITATIVE ASSISTANCE . . . . . 13
FOLLOW THROUGH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
APPENDIX
A. Directory of Some Sources of Rehabilitative Assistance
and Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
B. Some Sources of Educational Materials . . . . . . . . 29
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THE EMPLOYER'S CONCERN ABOUT DRINKING
PROBLEMS
The Cause for Concern
Alcoholism is a serious and expensive national health problem that
annually costs the Nation billions of dollars and causes immeasurable, but
vast amounts of human suffering. It is of interest to employers because
of their concern with employees as human beings and because of the waste
that is generated by employees who are alcoholics. The Federal Government
probably has a lower rate of alcoholism among employees than does industry
because of its careful selection processes. Because of its size, however, it is
probable that, in absolute numbers, there may be thousands of Federal
employees who have drinking problems.
Excessive absences, poor decisions, higher accident rates are just some of
the results caused by problem drinkers who are ignored or not identified.
Government has recognized that it may have some problem drinkers among
its employees, and its agencies are now establishing official and pragmatic
programs to deal with them.
This publication outlines a program to identify and deal with employees
who are problem drinkers. It presents a program that makes few demands
on agency resources but which, if vigorously implemented, should yield
valuable benefits to the Government and to any of its employees who are
problem drinkers. Variations in the model program may be introduced
freely to suit the needs and circumstances of a particular agency.
Although there are many variations of them, here are three key
definitions:
Alcoholism: a complex illness characterized by repeated and uncon-
trolled use of alcoholic beverages to an extent that adversely affects an
individual's personal, financial, or employment situation.
Alcoholic: an individual who has the illness alcoholism.
Problem drinker: an individual whose drinking habits interfere with
his job performance. He may or may not be an alcoholic. Usually, problem
drinkers are in an early stage of alcoholism. For our purposes a problem
drinker, whether he has or has not lost his ability to control his use of
alcohol, does not control it well enough to satisfactorily perform the duties
of his job.
The terms problem drinker and alcoholic are used interchangeably
hereafter since the same course of action applies in either case.
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ADMINISTRATION OF THE PROGRAM
At the Agency Level
Alcoholism is an illness that affects the occupational health of employees.
The most logical and convenient person to administer the program to com-
bat it is the agency's Occupational Health Officer who heads up the agency's
occupational health progam.1 He, better than anyone else, has an overview
of the agency's occupational health program. He can see how the agency's
efforts to combat problem drinking fit into both its personnel and its medical
functions. He also can direct an educational campaign focused on making
the agency's employees aware of alcoholism as an illness and of its danger
signals. Some sources for pamphlets, films, and educational materials are
listed in the appendix.
At the Installation Level
To administer the program at field installations, Occupational Health
Officers should designate a Program Administrator at each installation to
coordinate the local operations of the program, and to provide supervisors
and employees with information about the program. Program Admin-
istrators should receive their instructions from the Occupational Health
Officer in agency headquarters. Program Administrators may be medical
officers, health unit physicians, or personnel officials. There is no special need
to seek out recovered alcoholics to assume this role, although some recovered
alcoholics may make excellent Program Administrators because they are
strongly motivated in this area. If a recovered alcoholic is used as a Program
Administrator, he should be familiar with treatment methods other than
the one that was successful for him.
At the Supervisory Level
This program must have the support and informed cooperation of super-
visors to be successful. Supervisors must understand how it works and why
it works.
Before introduction of this program, a supervisor with an employee who
was a problem drinker, if he acted formally at all, had only disciplinary pro-
cedures at his disposal. He could reprimand, suspend, or start removal pro-
ceedings. The alcoholism program provides alternate procedures which allow
supervisors to refer problem drinkers to the Program Administrator who in
turn arranges for necessary consultation and then refers the employee to a
source of rehabilitative assistance in the community. The supervisor no longer
is faced with a choice between covering up for a problem drinker or taking
disciplinary action. His new alternative makes him a benefactor to the
problem drinker.
1 Each agency head has designated an Occupational Health Officer to administer
all matters pertaining to the Federal Employees Occupational Health Program for his
agency.
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of rehabilitation, the usual procedures for dealing with unsatisfactory em-
ployees are still available if the supervisor needs them.
Sources of Referral
This program does not contemplate, though it does not prohibit, direct
rehabilitative effort by Federal agencies. Most communities have local gov-
ernment or private agencies or organizations that can provide rehabilitative
programs. A list of some of these sources is included in the appendix.
Expenses of Rehabilitation
The program does not provide for the Government's paying the costs
of rehabilitation. An employee is responsible for the costs of treating his
drinking problem just as he is for any other-health condition. He may receive
some financial help, as with other illnesses, from his Federal Employees
Health Benefits plan.
Various types of rehabilitative programs require different financial capa-
bilities. Alcoholics Anonymous, for example, solicits only voluntary contri-
butions; employees who are veterans may be eligible for some assistance from
the facilities of the Veterans Administration, etc. These considerations
should be explored by the Program Administrator, and should be weighed
when offering referral services in individual cases.
Need for a Policy Statement
A policy statement is one of the most important features of any' program
to deal constructively with problem drinking among employees.
An official statement issued by top management and endorsed all the
way down the supervisory line is necessary so that all employees know that
the program has full management support. It is a vital step toward obtain-
ing optimum operation of the program.
Some agencies have expressed a preference for operating, their pro-
grams in a quiet, unofficial manner. Experience has shown that unless
a formal policy is written and publicized, doubts occur about the sincerity
of management in operating the program. Employees have a tendency to
regard the informal program only as a charitable act rather than as the
personnel management tool which it is intended to be. Management need
not be embarrassed about facing up to a health problem; indeed, there is
more embarrassment inherent in "covering up" or "dealing unofficially"
with a problem caused by an illness. Even if a small agency actually is free
of any employees with drinking problems-a very unlikely circumstance-a
formal and public policy statement is desirable to define what shall be
done if, in the future, the agency encounters such a problem. Alcoholism,
as a health condition, does not need to be hidden away.
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issued by all agencies.
Sample Policy Statement
Alcoholism is a serious and expensive national health problem. The
Federal Government probably has a lower rate of alcoholism among em-
ployees than does industry because of its selection processes. Because of the
Government's size, however, it is probable that, in absolute numbers, there
may be thousands of Federal employees who have drinking problems.
Accordingly, this agency recognizes that alcoholism is an illness 1 that may
affect, now or at some future time, the health, work performance, and
conduct of some of its employees. This statement establishes, within the
Occupational Health Program, a policy and program to assist employees
whose drinking habits are causing or contributing to job difficulties.
This agency is not concerned with the private decision of an employee
to use or not to use beverage alcohol off the job. However, when its use
impairs his work performance, attendance, conduct, or reliability, it is the
responsibility of management to take action.
The alcoholism program introduces nondisciplinary procedures under
which an employee with a drinking problem is offered rehabilitative assist-
ance. If he refuses such assistance, or if the course of rehabilitation fails to
achieve professional expectations, regular disciplinary procedures for dealing
with problem employees will be used.
This agency will :
-remain neutral on the decision of its employees to use, or not use,
beverage alcohol while not on duty;
-implement a formal program to identify and offer rehabilitative
guidance to employees whose drinking habits have resulted in job
difficulties, including poor attendance and conduct;
-recognize that individuals who suffer from alcoholism are entitled
to the same respect, confidentiality of medical treatment, and records
handling as employees who suffer from any other health condition
that affects job performance;
-conduct all phases of its program on alcoholism in the highest pro-
fessional manner;
-grant sick leave for employees to participate in approved rehabilita-
tive programs; and
-encourage the use of established community resources and facilities,
as available, as sources of rehabilitative care.
1 This agency accepts the American Medical Association view that alcoholism
is a complex, treatable illness. Some authorities regard alcoholism as a manifestation
of psychopathology or complication to other physical or mental conditions, but for
our purposes the term "illness" may be appropriately applied to alcoholism.
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THE ILLNESS: ALCOHOLISM AND ALCOHOL
The Cause of Alcoholism
Most authorities now believe there may be no single cause of alcoholism,
or even one kind of "alcoholism." Theories favoring physiological, psycho-
logical, and sociological origins historically have competed for favor and
usually just about when one theory reaches a position of general acceptance,
another comes into vogue, relegating the first to the sidelines. About all we
know positively is that alcohol has a bad effect on the bodies and minds of
some people. Sometimes the cause seems to be emotional instability, or the
tensions of work or other environments, and sometimes it looks as if alcohol-
ism is an allergy.
Employers generally leave investigations of the cause of alcoholism to
professional researchers. They concentrate on preventing those aspects of
alcoholism that develop as the illness progresses and which eventually impair
the job performance and reliability of some of their valuable employees.
What Alcohol Is
Ethyl alcohol is a common chemical compound that has many uses other
than as a beverage. It occurs in nature whenever a grain is allowed to rest
with suitable conditions of moisture and warmth. It belongs to a large family
of organic chemicals whose members, all alcohols, range from the lightweight
methyl alcohol, or methanol, which is used in high powered fuels and ex-
plosives, to heavy liquids like ethylene glycol or antifreeze, and solids used
in plastics and paints.
Drinking alcohol (ethyl alcohol, or as we will call it, alcohol) is a quick
energy food that requires little digestion. It passes rapidly into the blood-
stream where it oxidizes through several steps to end-products of carbon
dioxide and water. Before it reaches its final oxidation products, it acts as a
depressant on the brain's center of intellect and self-control.
Who Uses Alcohol
When used in moderate quantities, alcohol relieves tensions and environ-
mentally induced inhibitions, apparently causing no ill effects on most people
who use it. And, most people in our society do use it. No accurate figures are
available, but authorities estimate that about 70 percent of adult Americans
drink-at least occasionally. The majority of them (estimates say about 90
percent) drink without any significant hazard to themselves, their families,
or the community.
What about those others; the alcoholics who bring much misery and
expense to themselves and those around them? Again, no reliable statistics
are available. Each authority has his own favorite method of estimating
the number of active alcoholics in our society. Most come up with a figure
that falls between 3 and 5 percent of the total adult population of the United
States. If we settle on 4 percent, it means that there are more than 3 million
people suffering from the illness in this country.
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These 3 million alcoholics come from every social strata. They are young
and old, of every religion and race, and in every vocational pursuit. There
are statistical indications that some people have greater chances of becoming
alcoholics than others, but most such indicators are not substantial enough
to rely on. For example, a person between 35 and 55, a college graduate,
earning more than $15,000 per year is a better candidate for alcoholism
than a younger or older person who graduated from high school and earns
$8,000 per year. However, he is no better candidate than a divorced man
earning about $5,000 a year and living in a large city. It is certain that there
are too many probabilities to explore here but we can safely say that alcohol-
ism is widespread in all walks of life.
The Stages of Alcoholism
Alcoholism is a disease of stages: only in the fourth and last stage, which
involves benders lasting several days, tremors, nameless fears and anxieties,
and compulsive bottle hiding and similar abnormalities, do most alcoholics
become unemployable. This last chronic stage affects the 3 percent of alco-
holics who are on skid row, and in long term custodial-care institutions. The
huge majority of alcoholics work in jobs they often have held for many
years. They go to church, belong to clubs, and to all appearances live quite
ordinary lives-except that they have the illness alcoholism.
The four stages of alcoholism present a description of the progressive
nature of the disease and a blueprint of personal destruction. The stages are
not clearly delineated, and it is often hard to determine in which stage a
person is. However, they are useful for descriptive and analytical purposes:
1. Early symptom stage.-From normal drinking a person progresses
to a point where no party is fun without a "couple of drinks." In this stage,
drinking frequently becomes a crutch to bolster self-confidence and some-
times a person really thinks he "needs" a drink.
Here is where educational programs should come into play. Few people
with early symptoms can be identified as problem employees. However, all
employees can be made aware that alcoholism is a progressive illness, usually
taking several years to develop. They can be told that if a frank self-
evaluation indicates they might have some early symptoms, they should
watch their drinking carefully.
2. Problem drinking stage.-Usually a problem drinker enjoys the full
pampering effects of alcohol; he likes the glow he gets, the euphoria, the
feeling of unconquerability. He drinks more, or differently, than his friends
and associates. He may gulp drinks, get severe hangovers, have some trouble
making it to work on Mondays.
Not many people besides the problem drinker's immediate family and
closest friends know how heavily he drinks. Problem drinkers are often hard
to identify, but most of them can be rehabilitated and kept as good em-
ployees. This category presents the toughest problems, yet it is here that
good supervisors can make an alcoholism program really pay off both in
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terms of savings to the agency and in helping individuals to recognize and
do something about their drinking behavior.
3. Early alcoholic stage.-There is seldom any question about persons
in this group. These are obvious, confirmed heavy drinkers and their
friends and coworkers know it. Early-stagers say they can stop drinking if
they want to, but they cannot (by themselves). They are among the world's
most ingenious liars. If they devoted the same amount of energy and plan-
ning to their work that they do to devising alibis and trying to cover up their
condition, they would be excellent employees. They drink alone, they sneak
drinks, their work performance is poor. They usually have financial or
family problems. They lose friends and they are first-class headaches for
supervisors.
If supervisors and coworkers overcome their natural inclination to stop
covering up for these early-stagers and try to help, good results from rehabil-
itative efforts can usually be obtained. More than half of those who are in
the early stages of alcoholism can be rehabilitated with professional help.
Community resources and other health facilities are useful and essential to
good results. One stumbling block is that often the drinker refuses to co-
operate. Concepts of a reward-penalty system pay off (see page 8).
4. Chronic alcoholic stage.-An agency program cannot offer help with
this last stage of alcoholism. Those in it are unemployable. They are already
on skid. row or otherwise helpless. They are pitiful creatures, beyond the
help our program can offer. Their only hope is immediate and successful
professional medical care. Most suffer brain damage, but some can still be
returned to useful lives with proper care.
THE PROGRAM
Responsibility for the Program
Overall responsibility for the alcoholism program is with the agency's
Occupational Health Officer in Washington. The Occupational Health
Officer appoints a Program Administrator at each field location to arrange
for appropriate diagnostic consultations for employees when necessary and
to conduct liaison with sources of rehabilitative assistance in the community.
Supervisors will consult with the Program Administrator concerning the pro-
gram and will refer employees to him for all arrangements under the
program.
How the Program Works
Alcoholism is a unique illness in that those who have it seldom seek
treatment for it. Industrial and other programs for the rehabilitation of
alcoholics usually achieve rehabilitation rates that are well over 50 percent.
They do so by creating a situation that forces the alcoholic to face up to
his condition. Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) has achieved successes by work-
ing with persons who, for the most part, have had a crisis in their lives that
caused them to face their condition. AA calls that crisis "hitting bottom."
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Hitting bottom" does not imply losing everything or sinking to skid row,
but merely indicates that point at which an individual realizes that his drink-
ing habits have become intolerable and that he must seek help. Such realiza-
tion -usually comes from a traumatic situation involving family, finances,
or job. Something happens in the problem drinker's life to awaken in him
a realization that he cannot continue his drinking behavior. That is "hitting
bottom." The agency's program is designed to "raise the bottom" for every
employee who is a problem drinker.
Why the Program Works
"Raising the bottom," "constructive coercion," whatever label is used,
the simple principle of successful alcoholism programs is a reward-penalty
technique. The problem drinker is offered a reward-his job and a possible
return to a normal life-in return for his successfully pursuing a course of
rehabilitation. His refusal, or failure, to cooperate with his treatment pro-
gram leads to a penalty-loss of his job-that should mean more to him
than his drinking.
Employers and supervisors can exert pressure that will usually cause
problem drinkers to choose the shelter of their alcoholism programs rather
than face the.alternative of disciplinary action. Such an approach by an
employer most usually proves more effective than the pleas of the employee's
family, church, or friends. Many problem drinkers hold only their jobs to
be more important than their drinking.
Relationship to Disciplinary Actions
The alcoholism program supplements, but does not replace, existing
personnel procedures on problem employees. Its premise is that one type
of problem employee is an alcoholic or a problem drinker and that, in the
case of this particular type of problem employee, a special situation exists.
The employee is a problem because of repeated instances of uncontrolled
drinking. The drinking he does is either an illness or a symptom of an illness
and, as with other types of illnesses, it is the agency's policy to try to assist
him to recover his usefulness as an employee.
In practice, he should be dealt with little differently than other problem
employees. A supervisor identifies the aspects of job performance that are
not satisfactory. He discusses the unsatisfactory. areas with the employee,
the possible causes, and points up the need for improvement. If there is no
improvement, or inadequate improvement, disciplinary action is taken, as
warranted.
Under this program, supervisors must recognize the factor of problem
drinking and discuss it with the employee when it appears to contribute to
-the employee's problem. It-is the supervisor's responsibility to identify prob-
lem" drinkers and to persuade them to accept the assistance offered through
the program. Supervisors should understand that a person usually is no more
responsible for his alcoholism than another man is for his cancer -or heart
disease. In fact, in the early stages of the illness the afflicted employee may
not even be aware of his condition.
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easier. Before the advent of this program a supervisor who wanted to take
formal action had no alternative to taking disciplinary action when a prob-
lem drinker's job performance slipped to an intolerable level. Adoption of
nondisciplinary procedures aimed at rehabilitation should eliminate any
reason for supervisors to hesitate to deal forthrightly with problem drinkers.
Supervisors are no longer being "nice fellows" by shielding problem drinkers,
or by doing their work for them. In fact, a supervisor who tolerates poor
performance by a problem drinker clearly contributes to the progression of
the employee's illness by delaying his entry into a rehabilitative program.
Eligibility for Disability Retirement
This program does not jeopardize the employee's right to disability
retirement if his condition warrants it. Eligibility for his retirement is
determined by the. Civil Service Commission. Either the employee or the
agency may apply, for it.' If alcoholism is involved, the Civil Service Com-
mission determines whether the alcoholism is a symptom of a deeper, under-
lying physical or psychological condition, in which case the employee would
be eligible to retire. In-cases where the disability is solely the result of
intemperate use of alcohol within the last 5 years, the employee is not
eligible for disability retirement under present law.
THE ROLE OF THE SUPERVISOR li
Why the Supervisor Is Responsible
Firstline supervision is the logical point of emphasis in this program
because the supervisor is in a position to observe his employees' attendance,
sick leave, on-the-job attitudes, conduct, and performance. He is responsi-
ble for the work his employees do, and if it is unsatisfactory work, the
supervisor must redo it or have it redone.
Early Recognition
Alcoholism may be most successfully treated in its early stages. Therefore,
if the supervisor can "raise the bottom," by precipitating a crisis as soon as he
is justified in doing so, the problem drinker can be referred to sources of
rehabilitation comparatively early. That is one of our main objectives-
early referral.
To accomplish it, each supervisor must be alert to the possibility that
drinking may be a cause of a problem situation. He must identify a problem
employee whose difficulty appears to be caused by drinking. He must become
expert in recognizing the signs of alcoholism, even among those whose
performance is just starting to slip below an acceptable level. Supervisors
are not required to diagnose alcoholism.?What is expected of them is recogni-
tion of, and appropriate action on, reasonable evidence that the employee's
drinking habits are hindering the performance of his job.
'See FPM Supplement 831-1 for eligibility requirements and filing procedures.
9
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Supervisors who note a dropoff in the work performance of a previously
good employee should consider the possibility of a drinking problem if
several indicators are present. The supervisor should, of course, keep in mind
that no indicator or group of indicators is unique to alcoholism or problem
drinking.
Some Indicators
Possible drinking problems are often signaled by:
? repeated Friday, Monday, or half-day absences;
? frequent reporting of absences by members of the employee's family
or persons other than the employee himself;
? unusual excuses for absences;
? lying about inconsequential matters;
? display of an increasing lack of responsibility;
? mood changes in a previously stable employee;
? frequent loud talking or irritability;
? avoidance of the supervisor;
? long lunch periods;
? frequent use of breath purifiers; and
? hand tremors, flushed face, or other commonly recognized physical
signs.
In many cases, disclosure that an employee has a drinking problem will
occur almost accidentally. Discussions of elements of faulty job performance
will often result in the employee's volunteering information that he is devel-
oping a drinking problem, or the supervisor may sense it from the employee's
bragging about frequent hangovers or blackouts after drinking.
Preparing For Discussion
After identifying an employee who apparently has a drinking problem,
the supervisor should plan an approach that, hopefully, will lead to the
employee's admission of his problem and subsequent voluntary participa-
tion in rehabilitative efforts. Even before discussing the matter with the
employee, the supervisor should consult with his installation's Program
Administrator who probably has had more experience with similar
situations.
The Matter Of Privacy
Supervisors are often reluctant to discuss matters they feel are the
employee's own business. They sometimes are not sure of the distinction
between the employee's right to privacy and the employer's right to expect
a day's work for a day's pay. In the case of problem drinkers, we can differ-
entiate: An employee's decision to drink, or not, is a personal decision and
should not interest his employer; however, the instant that personal deci-
sion, or its result, affects his job performance, the agency can be legitimately
and vitally involved. The employee's drinking problem becomes the super-
visor's concern the first day it accompanies the employee to work, or on the
first day it prevents the employee from coming to work.
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if
;d
in
ily
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The first interview should be a discussion with the
l
f th
emp
oyee o
e areas
of job performance that are deficient. These can include an excessive number
of absences and habitual tardiness, low production or poor quality, unsatis-
factory relations with fellow employees, and any other shortcomings the
supervisor thinks pertinent.
The supervisor should speak frankly with the employee about his deficien-
cies at the first interview. After outlining the problem, the supervisor should
indicate that, from the evidence available, alcohol could be a major con-
tributing factor to the employee's difficulties. The employee should be re-
minded that the agency has a policy on alcoholism and it should be ex-
plained to him in detail.
If the employee agrees to use the agency's help, the supervisor should
arrange for him to meet with the Program Administrator who will imple-
ment the referral and treatment parts of the program. Supervisors should
continue to watch the employee closely for improvements or relapses in
job performance.
Interview Tactics
If the interview is typical, the employee will dodge artfully from one
denial to another. Supervisors should keep in mind that problem drinkers
are often ingenious liars. They will use many tactics which, if the supervisor
is unprepared, may catch him so far off balance that his efforts are stymied.
Some of the tactics frequently used are :
Indignant reaction.-The employee becomes outraged that the super-
visor thinks he might be a problem drinker. If the employee takes this tack,
the supervisor should explain to him that, in order to perform his job prop-
erly, a supervisor must discuss with an employee any deficiencies he has that
impair his usefulness to the agency and the possible cause of these deficien-
cies, including alcohol.
Drinking is a personal matter of no concern.to. the agency.-The
answer to this is: The agency is not interested in. whether or not employees
drink. It makes no moral judgment on the use of alcohol. As far as the
agency is concerned, alcoholism is an illness like heart disease or glaucoma.
and carries no stigma. Like any other health condition, drinking that ad-
versely affects work performance is more than a personal matter; it is a
legitimate concern of the agency.
There is no problem.-The employee may insist he has no problem, but
even if he admits he has been drinking too much, he may say he canstop
at any time he wants, or that his drinking is a result of home pressures,
financial problems, etc., all of which, he says, will soon straighten out. The
employee may be sincere. He may believe these statements. He probably uses
them to delude himself into thinking he has no problem. Supervisors, except
as sympathetic fellow beings, are not interested in their employees' off-work
problems. This type of conversation is interesting to them only to the extent
it does or does not confirm their opinions about the employee's drinking
habits, and the habit's contribution to unsatisfactory job performance.
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A rea y getting treatment.-The employee may say he is already re-
ceiving treatment and that, therefore, he does not need the agency's help. His
story may be legitimate or it may be an excuse; e.g., he may be seeing a
physician for a condition as remote from problem drinking as flat feet, or he
may, as at least one alcoholic has done, be getting "help" from a group com-
posed of his favorite bartender and a half-dozen drinking cronies.
The point is that although a course of legitimate treatment from a recog-
nized source will not be questioned, the vague explanations of a problem
drinker that he is "being treated" should be clarified. The problem drinker
who says he is under treatment should be asked to explain fully what he is
getting and its source. He should be told that, if requested by professionals
administering the treatment, the agency will cooperate to the extent that is
practicable. He should understand that the agency is not interested in his
drinking problem per se; it is concerned about his substandard job
performance.
When the First Interview Fails
If the employee refuses to acknowledge that he has a drinking problem
or otherwise refuses to cooperate, and does not correct the deficiencies in his
job performance, the supervisor should take the disciplinary action that
would be appropriate if the employee did not have a drinking problem.
Further interviews based on work deficiencies should be held when war-
ranted. In each succeeding interview the supervisor should reiterate the
agency's policy on problem drinking and firmly restate his belief that the
excessive use of alcohol may be the cause of the employee's difficulties.
Additional disciplinary actions, as warranted, for specific instances of on-
the-job misconduct or poor performance should be taken just as in cases
not involving alcohol problems.
When the Problem Drinker Wants to Cooperate
When an employee admits he needs help, he should be referred to the
installation's Program Administrator who will direct the employee to a
suitable source of rehabilitative assistance or information in the community.
The supervisor should keep the Program Administrator informed of con-
tinued deficiencies in job performance or conduct, or improvement in them.
The Program Administrator will usually maintain liaison with the source
of rehabilitative assistance and should keep the supervisor informed of the
progress of the rehabilitative program. Any special medical consultations or
other arrangements required before the employee is referred for rehabilita-
tion will be made by the Program Administrator.
REFERRAL
Referral of employees who have been identified as problem drinkers to
good sources of rehabilitation is of prime importance to the success of the
program. Agencies should use sources of rehabilitation already established
in the communities. Referrals may take two general forms. If a diagnosis of
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 .ady re-
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obtain treatment for alcoholism. Otherwise, referrals will be made not to
treat "alcoholism," but to assist an employee in overcoming "a drinking
problem." While any supervisor may recognize, and an employee may
admit, a drinking problem, only a physician is professionally qualified to
diagnose the illness alcoholism.
USE OF SICK LEAVE
Probably a request for sick leave, which can be identified as being directly
related to problem drinking, would arise only when an employee is away
from work to obtain treatment for his condition under an approved course
of rehabilitation. Granting sick leave is appropriate for this purpose. Under
other circumstances, the granting of sick leave is subject to existing agency
policy.
RECORDS
The importance of keeping accurate records of cases handled under the
program cannot be overemphasized. Supervisors should document the
results of discussions and the actions they take to try to motivate the em-
ployee to correct deficiencies in his job performance. They should also record
the symptoms of problem drinking in order to assist the rehabilitative experts
in charting an appropriate course of treatment for the employee.
The Program Administrator should be the focal point for records relating
to the employee's drinking problem and his course of rehabilitation. Pro-
gram Administrators should release record information only on a strict
"need-to-know" basis. Records should be confidential. (Records containing
medical information should be handled according to the prescribed
procedures for maintaining medical records.) Records created and main-
tained by the supervisor or Program Administrator should not be filed in
the employee's Official Personnel Folder. Official Personnel Folder records
should not include mention of an employee's alcohol problems or efforts
to rehabilitate him except as they apply to specific charges leading to dis-
ciplinary actions; e.g., "Drinking on Duty."
Some statistical records should be maintained, preferably at the level
of Program Administrators. Records should include at least the numbers
of problem drinkers identified, referred, and rehabilitated. These records
should prove useful to the agency's Occupational Health Officer, both
in appraising the agencywide impact of the program and in responding
to requests for information that the Civil Service Commission from time to
time may make. Care should be taken that such records are purely statisti-
cal and do not identify individuals.
SOURCES OF REHABILITATIVE ASSISTANCE
Information and treatment sources are being developed so rapidly that
a complete listing of them would be out of date by the time it was published.
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 A vyai f Fwmmra 22bafarA ~p4cgm*, jamf 1 fc4es on alco-
holism and mental health, committees or chapters affiliated with the Na-
tional Council on Alcoholism, Alcoholics Anonymous, physicians and psychi-
atrists, local welfare councils, and church and family service organizations
(see Appendix A).
The Program Administrator in each installation should become familiar
with sources of rehabilitation in his own local community. He should
establish liaison with a variety of sources to meet the varying financial
capabilities of employees. Any expense of rehabilitative treatment has to be
borne by the referred employee, with possible assistance from his Federal
Employees Health Benefit plan if a particular expense item is covered.
FOLLOW THROUGH
After the employee has started on a rehabilitative program, supervisors
and Program Administrators should cooperate to the extent that is practi-
cable with the professional personnel involved in his rehabilitation, if asked
to do so. Supervisors who deal with employees undergoing rehabilitative
treatment should maintain tolerant and impartial attitudes but should be
firm in dealing with poor performance or conduct. The employee must
realize that he is accountable for the results of his drinking even though
he is on a rehabilitative program. Some relapses of employees who are
undergoing rehabilitation may occur. These should be reported to the
treatment source, and such disciplinary action as is warranted by the
offense should be taken.
14
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APPENDIX A
DIRECTORY OF SOME SOURCES OF REHABILITATIVE
ASSISTANCE AND INFORMATION
NOTE: This directory does not include Federal Health Units 1 or local
chapters of Alcoholics Anonymous. 2
Alabama
Birmingham, Jefferson County Committee on Alcoholism, 3600 Eighth
Avenue South 35222.
Montgomery, Division of Alcoholism, Alabama Department of Mental
Health, 715 State Office Building 36104.
Tuscaloosa, Department of Mental Health, Alabama State Hospital,
Station 3 35401.
Alaska
Anchorage, Anchorage Council on Alcoholism, Box 506 99501.
Juneau, Office of Alcoholism, Alaska Department of Health and Wel-
fare, Alaska Office Building 99801.
Arizona
Phoenix, Alcohol and Drug Abuse Section, Arizona Department of
Health, 1624 West Adams Street 85007.
Phoenix, Maricopa Council on Alcoholism, Community Service Build-
ing, 1515 East Osborn Road 85014.
Sacaton, Alcoholism Prevention and Treatment Program, P.O. Box
427 85247.
Arkansas
Little Rock, Arkansas Board of Health, State Health Building 72201.
Little Rock, Arkansas Commission on Alcoholism, 109 West 12th
Street 72202.
Little Rock, Arkansas State Hospital 72201.
California
Acton, Antelope Valley Rehabilitation Center, County of Los Angeles,
P.O. Box 25 93500.
1 See directory of Federal Occupational Health Facilities, U.S. Civil Service
Commission.
2 See local phone directories.
i5
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Berkeley, Division of Alcoholic Rehabilitation, California Department
of Public Health, 2152 Berkeley Way 94704.
Berkeley, Berkeley Center for Alcohol Studies, Pacific School of Reli-
gion, 1798 Scenic Avenue 94709.
Carmel, Monterey Peninsula Council on Alcoholism, P.O. Box 1058
93921.
Los Angeles, Alcoholism Council of Greater Los Angeles, 1290 Wilshire
Boulevard 90017.
Los Angeles, Alcoholic Rehabilitation Clinic, County Health Depart-
ment, 111 East First 90012.
Oakland, Alameda County Council on Alcoholism, 431 30th Street
94609.
Olive View, Los Angeles County-Olive View Hospital, 14701 Foothill
Boulevard 91330.
Pasadena, Pasadena Community Program on Alcoholism, 25 South
Euclid Avenue 91101.
Pasadena, Pasadena Council on Alcoholism, 265 South Los Robles
Avenue 91106.
Sacramento, California Department of Mental Hygiene, 1500 Fifth
Street 94814.
Salinas, Salinas Valley Council on Alcoholism, 984 Lupin Drive
93901.
San Francisco, Department of Health, Education, and Welfare,
Regional Office, Federal Office Building, 50 Fulton Street 94102.
San Francisco, Center for Special Problems, 2107 Van Ness Avenue
94109.
San Francisco, Acute Alcoholism Treatment Center, Clay and Webster
Streets 94115.
San Francisco, San Francisco Council on Alcoholism, 2340 Clay Street
94115.
San Mateo, San Mateo -County Council on Alcoholism, 18 Second
Avenue 94401.
Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara Committee on Alcoholism, 804 Santa
Barbara Street 93102.
Talmage, Alcoholism and Drug Abuse Services, Mendocino State
Hospital 95481.
Colorado
Fort Logan, Alcoholism Division, Fort Logan Mental Health Center,
Box 188 80155.
Denver, United States Department of Health, Education, and Welfare,
Regional Office, Federal Office Building, 19th and Stout Streets
80202.
Denver, Colorado Department of Institutions, 328 State Services Build-
ing 80203.
Denver Mile High Council on Alcoholism, 1375 Delaware Street 80204.
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Denver- Colorado De art
e
t f P
)2.
m
IV
n o uune Health, Alcoholism Division,
4210 E. 11th Avenue 80220.
Colorado Springs, Pikes Peak Council on Alcoholism, Out West Build-
ing, 15 East Pikes Peak Avenue 80902.
Grand Junction, Mesa County Council on Alcoholism, 230 Grand
Avenue 81501.
Connecticut
Cos Cob, Greenwich, New Canaan, Stamford Council on Alcoholism-
Darien, 521 Post Road 06807.
Hartford, Alcohol and Drug Dependence Division, Connecticut De-
partment of Mental Health, 51 Coventry Street 06112.
Hartford, Connecticut Department of Health, 79 Elm Street 06115.
Hartford, Connecticut Department of Mental Health, 79 Elm Street
06115.
Westport, Fairfield County Council on Alcoholism, 256 East State
Street 06880.
Delaware
Dover, Delaware Board of Health, State Health Building 19901.
Wilmington, Delaware Department of Mental Health, 2055 Limestone
Road 19808.
District of Columbia
District of Columbia, United States Civil Service Commission, Bureau
of Retirement, Insurance, and Occupational Health, 1900 E Street
NW. 20415.
District of Columbia, Area Council on Alcoholism, 929 L Street NE.
20001.
District of Columbia, United States Department of Health, Education,
and Welfare, 330 Independence Avenue SW. 20201.
District of Columbia, Office of Alcoholism and Drug Addiction Pro-
gram Development, District of Columbia Department of Public
Health 20001.
Maryland, Chevy Chase, National Center for Prevention and Control
of Alcoholism, 5454 Wisconsin Avenue 20203.
Florida
Avon Park, Florida Rehabilitation Program, P.O. Box 1147 33825.
Chattahoochee, Division of Mental Health, Florida State Hospital
32324.
Jacksonville, Florida Board of Health, P.O. Box 210 32201.
Miami, City of Miami Alcoholic Rehabilitation Center, 1145 NW.
11th Street 33136.
Georgia
Atlanta, United States Department of Health, Education, and Wel-
fare, Regional Office, 50 Seventh Street NE. 30323.
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Atlanta, Georgia Department of Public Health, 47 Trinity Avenue SW.
30334.
Guam
Agana, Territorial Department of Public Health and Welfare, P.O.
Box 2816 96910.
Hawaii
Honolulu, Hawaii Committee on Alcoholism, Aloha Tower 96813.
Honolulu, Alcoholism Branch, Hawaii Department of Health, Kinau
Hale, P.O. Box 3378 96891.
Idaho
Boise, Idaho Commission on Alcoholism, Statehouse 83701.
Boise, Idaho Department of Health, Statehouse 83701.
Illinois
Alton, Alcoholism Treatment Program, Alton State Hospital 62004.
Anna, Alcoholism Treatment Program, Anna State Hospital 62906.
Aurora, Alcoholism Information and Referral Center Family Counsel-
ing Service, P.O. Box 769 60507.
Chicago, Illinois Department of Mental Health, 160 North La Salle
Street 60601.
Chicago, Chicago Council on Alcoholism, 6 North Michigan Avenue
60602.
Chicago, Warren Clinic, Stone Brandel Center, 1439 South Michigan
Avenue 60605.
' Chicago, United States Department of Health, Education, and Wel-
fare, Regional Office, New Post Office Building, 433 West Van
Buren Street 60607.
Chicago, Chicago's Alcoholic Treatment Center, 3026 South Califor-
nia Avenue 60608.
Elgin, Community Concern for Alcoholism, 20 North Grove Avenue
62002.
Glen Ellyn, Alcoholism Council of DuPage County, P.O. Box 526
60137.
Jackson, Alcoholism Treatment Program, Jackson State Hospital 62650.
Kankakee, Alcoholism Treatment Program, Kankakee State Hospital
60901.
Manteno, Alcoholism Treatment Program, Manteno State Hospital
60950.
Moline, Rock Island County Council on Alcoholism, 1630 Fifth Ave-
nue 61265.
Murphysboro, Southern Illinois Committee on Alcoholic Concern, P.O.
Box 51162966.
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 IQ Peoria
or1 ~P as AhWW28 ? dW 4, OA W&A49Nt 9964 602.
oria, A coholism Treatment Program, Peoria State Hospital 61607.
Peoria, Peoria Area Council on Alcoholism Information Center, 410
Fayette Street 61602.
Rockford, Alcoholism Treatment Unit, Illinois Department of Mental
Health, 4402 Main Street 61103.
Rockford, Northern Illinois Council on Alcoholism, 425 East State
Street 61104.
Springfield, Division of Alcoholism, Illinois Department of Mental
Health, 401 South Spring Street 62706.
Springfield, Division of Vocational Rehabilitation, 623 East Adams
Street 61101.
Springfield, Illinois Department of Public Health, 400 South Spring
Street 62706.
Indiana
Indianapolis, Division on Alcoholism, State Department of Mental
Health, 3000 West Washington Street 46222.
Indianapolis, Indiana Board of Health, 1330 West Michigan Street
46207.
Indianapolis, Indiana Department of Mental Health, 1315 West 10th
Street 46207.
Iowa
Des Moines, Des Moines Council on Alcoholism, Bankers' Trust Build-
ing, 406 Sixth Avenue 50309.
Des Moines, Harrison Treatment and Rehabilitation Center, 75 Sixth
Avenue 50309.
Des Moines, Iowa Commission on Alcoholism, State Office Building
50319.
Iowa City, Iowa Mental Health Authority, Psychopathic Hospital, 500
Newton Road 52240.
Oakdale, University of Iowa, Alcoholism Treatment Unit 52319.
Kansas
Topeka, Alcoholism Services, Kansas Department of Social Welfare,
State Office Building 66612.
Topeka, Kansas Council on Alcoholism, 2044 Fillmore 66604.
Topeka, Kansas Department of Health, Topeka Avenue at 10th 66612.
Topeka, Veterans' Administration Hospital, 2200 Gage Boulevard
66622.
Kentucky
Frankfort, Alcoholism Program, Kentucky Department of Mental
Health, P.O. Box 678 40601.
Frankfort, Kentucky Department of Health, 275 East Main Street
40601.
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Louisiana
Baton Rouge, Baton Rouge Area Council on Alcoholism, Fidelity Na-
tional Bank Building, 3875 Florida Building 70806.
Baton Rouge, Louisiana Department of Hospitals, 655 North Fifth
Street 70804.
Lafayette, Acadiana Council on Alcoholism, P.O. Box 2364 70501.
New Orleans, Committee on Alcoholism for Greater New Orleans, 410
Chartres Street 70130.
New Orleans, Louisiana Board of Health, Civic Center 70160.
Monroe, Twin Cities Council on Alcoholism, P.O. Box 332 71201.
Shreveport, Caddo-Bossier Council on . Alcoholism, 9 Commercial
Building, 509 Market Street 71101.
Augusta, Division of Alcoholism Services, Maine Department of Health
and Welfare, Statehouse 04330.
Augusta, Maine Department of Mental Health and Corrections, State
Capitol 04330.
Maryland
Baltimore, Baltimore Area Council on Alcoholism, 22 East 25th Street
21218.
Baltimore, Maryland Department of Health, 301 West Preston Street
21201.
Baltimore, Services to Alcoholics, Maryland Department of Mental
Hygiene, 301 West Preston Street 21201.
Cambridge, Eastern Shore Council on Alcoholism, P.O. Box 286
21613.
Chevy Chase, National Center for Prevention and Control of Alcohol-
ism, 5454 Wisconsin Avenue 20203.
Chevy Chase, National Institute of Mental Health, 5454 Wisconsin
Avenue 20203.
Hagerstown, Washington County Council on Alcoholism, Professional
Arts Building 21740.
Silver Spring, U.S. Public Health Service, 7915 Eastern Avenue 20910.
Massachusetts
Boston, United States Department of Health, Education, and Welfare,
Regional Office, J.F.K. Federal Building 02203.
Boston, Division of Alcoholism, Massachusetts Department of Public
Health, 755 Boylston Street 02116.
Boston, Greater Boston Council on Alcoholism, 419 Boylston Street
02116.
Boston, Massachusetts Department of Mental Health, 15 Ashburton
Place 02108.
Boston, Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Statehouse 02133.
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Ipswich, Central Essex Council on Alcoholism, Appleton Professional
Centre, 2 North Main Street 01938.
Jamaica Plain (Boston), Washington Hospital, Medical and Psychi-
atric Treatment Center for Alcoholism, 41 Morton Street 02130.
Salem, North Shore Committee on Alcoholism, 5 Broad Street, Health
Center 01970.
Worcester, Worcester County Council on Alcoholism, 253 Belmont
Street, Middle Building 01605.
Michigan
Detroit, Greater Detroit Council on Alcoholism, 10 Peterboro Street
48201.
Flint, Flint Committee on Alcoholism, 304 Metropolitan Building
48502.
Flint, Greater Flint Council on Alcoholism, 202 East Boulevard Drive
48503.
Lansing, Greater Lansing Council on Alcoholism, 223 North Pine Street
48933.
Lansing, Michigan Department of Mental Health, Lewis Cass Build-
ing 48913.
Lansing, Michigan Board of Alcoholism, 212 South Grand Avenue
48913.
Lansing, Alcoholism Program, Michigan Department of Public Health,
3500 North Logan 48914.
Muskegon, Muskegon County Council on Alcoholism, 980 Third
Street 49440.
Saginaw, Saginaw County Information Center on Alcoholism, 1320
South Washington 48601.
Minnesota
Minneapolis, Minnesota Department of Health, University Campus
55440.
St. Paul, Commission on Alcohol Problems, State Office Building 55101.
St. Paul, Minnesota Department of Public Welfare, Centennial Office
Building 55101.
Willmar, Alcohol and Drug Addiction Unit, Willmar State Hospital
56201.
Mississippi
Jackson, Mississippi Board
Missouri
Jefferson
City,
of Health, Board of Health Building 39205.
of Health, Missouri Department of Public
Health and Welfare, 221 West High Street 65101.
Jefferson City, Division of Mental Diseases, Missouri Department of
Public Health and Welfare, 722 Jefferson Street 65102.
Jefferson City, Missouri Alcoholism Program, 722 Jefferson Street
65101.
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Kansas City, Kansas City Council on Alcoholism 2 West 40th Street
64111.
St. Louis, Alcoholism Treatment and Research Center, Bliss Mental
Health Center, 1420 Grattan Street 63104.
St. Louis, Greater St. Louis Council on Alcoholism, 1210 Locust Street
63103.
St. Louis, St. Louis Detoxification Center, 1536 Papin Street 63103.
St. Louis, Social Science Institute, Washington University 63130.
Montana
Helena, Montana Board of Health, Cagswell Building 59601.
Warm Springs, Montana Alcoholism Services Center, Montana State
Hospital 59756.
Nebraska
Ingleside, Alcoholic Unit, Hastings State Hospital 68953.
Lincoln, Lincoln Council on Alcoholism, Lincoln Center for Com-
munity Services, 215 South 15th Street 68509.
Lincoln, State Department of Public Institutions, Division of Alcohol-
ism 68509.
Lincoln, Nebraska Department of Health, Statehouse Station, Box
94757 68509.
Omaha, Nebraska Department of Health, Psychiatric Institute 68100.
Nevada
Carson City, Division of Health, Nevada Department of Health, Wel-
fare, and Rehabilitation, 201 South Fall Street 89701.
Carson City, Nevada Alcoholism Division, Department of Health and
Welfare, State Capitol 89701.
New Hampshire
Concord, New Hampshire Department of Health and Welfare, 61
South Spring Street 03301.
Concord, Program on Alcoholism, New Hampshire Department of
Health and Welfare, 105 Pleasant Street 03301.
New Jersey
Montclair, North Jersey Council on Alcoholism, Council of Social Agen-
cies Building, 60 South Fullerton Avenue 07042.
New Brunswick, Center of Alcoholic Studies, Rutgers-The State
University 08903.
Red Bank, Alcoholism Council of Monmouth County, 54 Broad Street
07701.
Trenton, Alcoholic Control Programs, New Jersey Department of
Health, 66 South Warren Street 08625.
Trenton, New Jersey Department of Institutions, 135 West Hanover
Street 08608.
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North
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New Mexico
Albuquerque, Albuquerque Area Council on Alcoholism, 229-B Tru-
man Street NE. 87108.
Albuquerque, New Mexico Commission on Alcoholism, P.O. Box 1731
87103.
Santa Fe, New Mexico Department of Public Health, 408 Galisteo
Street 87501.
New York
Albany, Bureau of Alcoholism, New York Department of Mental Hy-
giene, 44 Holland Avenue 12208.
Albany, New York Department of Health, 88 Holland Avenue 12208.
Albany, New York Department of Mental Hygiene, 119 Washington
12225.
Binghamton, Broome County Commitee on Alcoholism, 25 Park Ave-
nue 13901.
Brooklyn, Alcoholic Clinic, Downstate Medical Center, State Univer-
sity of New York, 600 Albany Avenue 11203.
Buffalo, Buffalo Area on Alcoholism, 1 West Genesee Street, 722 Ge-
nessee Building 14202.
Corning, Corning Area Council on Alcoholism, Corning Hospital, 163
East First Street 14830.
Elmira, Chemung County Council on Alcoholism, 100 East Gray Street,
240 Elmira Theater Building 14901.
Garden City, Long Island Council on Alcoholism, 350 Old Country
Road 11530.
Ithaca, Alcoholism Council of Tompkins County, 223. Fayette Street
14850.
Hornell, Hornell Council on Alcoholism, P.O. Box 221 14843.
New York, United States Department of Health, Education, and Wel-
fare, Regional Office, 26 Federal Plaza 10007.
New York, National Council on Alcoholism, 2 East 103d Street 10029.
Rochester, National Council on Alcoholism, 973 East Avenue 14607.
Syracuse, Onondaga Council on Alcoholism, 405 Community Building
107 James Street 13202.
Utica, Oneida County Council on Alcoholism, Information and Re-
ferral Center, 205 Paul Building 13501.
White Plains, Westchester Council on Alcoholism, 120 Grand Street
10601.
North Carolina
Asheville, Education Division, Board of Alcoholic Control, Parkway
Office 28801.
Burlington, Alamance County Council on Alcoholism, National Bank
Building 27215.
Charlotte, Charlotte Council on Alcoholism, 1125 East Morehead
Street 28204.
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Durham, Durham Council on Alcoholism, 606 Snow Building 27701.
Elizabeth City, Alcoholism Information and Service Center, Medical
Building, Box 645 27909.
Greensboro, Greensboro Council on Alcoholism, 216 West Market
Street 27401.
Jamestown, Alcoholism Education Center, P.O. Box 348 27282.
Raleigh, Department of Mental Health, 2100-C Hillsboro Street 27607.
Raleigh, Division of Alcoholism, North Carolina Department of Men-
tal Health, P.O. Box 9494 27603.
Raleigh, North Carolina Board of Health, 225 North McDowell Street
27602.
Wilson, Wilson County Council on Alcoholism, 116 South Goldsboro
Street 27893.
Winston-Salem, Alcoholism Program of Forsyth County, 105 West
Fourth Street 27201.
North Dakota
Bismarck, Commission on Alcoholism, North Dakota Department of
Health, State Capitol 58501.
Fort Yates, Standing Rock Commission on Alcoholism, Standing Rock
Indian Agency 58538.
Jamestown, Alcoholism Program, North Dakota State Hospital 58401.
Ohio
Akron, Akron Department of Public Health, Municipal Building 44308.
Cincinnati, Council on Alcoholism of the Greater Cincinnati Area, P.O.
Box 101 45012.
Cleveland, Cleveland Center on Alcoholism, 2071 East 102d Street
44106.
Columbus, Columbus Alcoholism Program, Ohio Department of
Health, 450 East Town Street 43215.
Columbus, Ohio Department of Mental Hygiene and Corrections, Ohio
Department Building 43216.
Hamilton, Butler County Council on Alcoholism, P.O. Box 101 45012.
Oklahoma
Oklahoma City, Oklahoma City Council on Alcoholism, 312 Park
Avenue 73102.
Oklahoma City; Oklahoma Department of Health, 3400 North Eastern
73105.
Oklahoma City, Oklahoma Department of Mental Health, State Capi-
tol Building 73105.
Tulsa, Tulsa Council on Alcoholism, 2121 South Columbia Avenue,
Parkland Plaza Building 74114.
Oregon
Grants Pass, Josephine County Council on Alcoholism, 203 NE. Steiger
Street 97526.
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Portland, Alcohol Studies and Rehabilitation Section, Oregon Mental
Health Division, 10 NW: 10th Avenue 97209.
Portland, Alcoholic Rehabilitation Association, 915 SE. Hawthorne
97214.
Portland, Alcohol and Drug Section, State Mental Health Division,
309 SW. Fourth Avenue 97204.
Portland, Oregon Board of Health, 1400 SW. Fifth Avenue 97201.
Salem, Division of Mental Health, Oregon Board of Control, 20 State
Capitol Building 97301.
Pennsylvania
Allentown, Lehigh County Council on Alcoholism, 34 North Fifth
Street 18101.
Bethlehem, Bethlehem Council on Alcoholism, Community Chest Build-
ing, 520 East Broad Street 18018.
Eagleville, Eagleville Hospital and Rehabilitation Center, P.O. Box 45
19408.
Harrisburg,,Alcohol Studies and Rehabilitation Program, Pennsylvania
Department of Mental Health 17108.
Harrisburg, Bureau of Special Services, State Department of Health,
10 NW. 10th Avenue 17120.
Harrisburg, Division of Alcoholism Studies and Rehabilitation, State
Department of Health, P.O. Box 90 17120.
Harrisburg, Office of Mental Health, Health and Welfare Building,
17120.
Haverford, Haverford State Hospital 19041.
Lancaster, Lancaster County Council on Alcoholism, 630 Janet Ave-
nue 17601.
Pittsburgh, Allegheny County Council on Alcoholism, 4026 Jenkins
Arcade 15222.
Philadelphia, Delaware Valley Council on Alcoholism, 1006 Social
Service Building, 311 South Juniper Street 19107.
Reading, Berks County Council on Alcoholism, 300 North 25th Street
19601.
Robesonia, Chit Chat Foundation, P.O. Box 418 19551.
Scranton, Northeastern Pennsylvania Council on Alcoholism, Cham-
ber of Commerce Building 18503.
Washington, Washington County Council on Alcoholism, 18 West
Wheeling 15301.
Puerto Rico
San Juan, Department of Health, Ponce de Leon Avenue 00908.
Rhode Island
Providence, Division of Alcoholism, Rhode Island Department of
Social Welfare, 333 Grotto Avenue 02905.
25
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Providence, Rhode Island Department of Health, State Office Build-
ing 02903.
Providence, Rhode Island Department of Social Welfare, 1 Washington
Avenue 02905.
South Carolina
Columbia, Commission on Alcoholism, 1429 Senate Street 29201.
-Columbia, South Carolina Department of Mental Health, 2214 Bull
Street 29201.
Columbia, State Board of Health, J. Marion Sims Building 29201.
South Dakota
Pierre, Commission of Mental Health and Mental Retardation, State
Capitol 5 750 1.
Pierre, South Dakota Department of Health, State Capitol 57501.
Tennessee
Chattanooga, Chattanooga Area Council on Alcoholism, 867 McCallie
Avenue 37403.
Jackson, Jackson Area Council on Alcoholism, The Lawyer's Building,
201 Shannon Street, P.O. Box 1031 38301.
Memphis, Memphis Area Council on Alcoholism, 310 McCall Build-
ing 38117.
Nashville, Division of Alcoholism, Department of Mental Health, 300
Cordell Hull Building 37219.
Nashville Division of Alcoholism, Tennessee Department of Mental
Health, Sixth Avenue N. 37219.
Nashville, Nashville Area Council on Alcoholism, Nashville Gas Com-
pany Building, 814 'Church Street 37203.
Texas
Austin, Austin Council on Alcoholism, 411 Littlefield Building 78701.
Austin, Texas Commission on Alcoholism, 808 Sam Houston Building
78701.
Austin, Texas Department of Mental Health and Mental Retardation,
4500 Lamar Street 78711.
Austin, Texas Department of Health, 1100 West 49th Street 78756.
Dallas,. United States Department of Health, Education, and Welfare,
Regional Office, 1114 Commerce Street 75202.
Fort Worth, Tarrant County Council on Alcoholism, 1602 Medical Arts
Building 76102.
Houston, Houston Council on Alcoholism, 601 Medical Towers 77025.
Longview, East Texas Council on Alcoholism, 621 North Fourth 75601.
Midland, Midland Council on Alcoholism, 500 West Illinois 79701.
Orange, Orange County Council on Alcoholism, P.O. Box 635 77630.
San Antonio, San Antonio Area Council on Alcoholism, 220 Life
Building, 118 Broadway 78205.
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Temple, Be
Building,
Utah
Salt Lake
84111.
Salt Lake C
Drive 841
Salt Lake
Temple 8
Vermont
Burlington,
Burlington,
Avenue 0
Burlington,
05402. .
Montpelier,
05602.
Virginia
Charlottesvi
Welfare,
Norfolk, Nc
23510..
Richmond;.:
Health Dc
Richmond,
Streets 23:
Richmond,
23214.
Washington
Olympia, A
Health, 32
.Olympia, W
98501.
Olympia, W
Seattle, Kin?
ing 98101.
Seattle, Pion
Seattle, Seas
Building, I
Vancouver,
Central &
Wenatchee,
22198801
 Dffice Build-
Washington
29201.
a, 2214 Bull
-ig 29201.
dation, State
'67 McCallie
:r's Building,
cCall Build-
Health, 300
~t of Mental
le Gas Com-
ilding 78701.
.ton Building
-et 78756.
nd Welfare,
Dwers 77025.
ourth 75601.
ois 79701.
635 77630.
n, 220 Life
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Temple, Bell County Council on Alcoholism, 816 First National Bank
Building, Temple 76501.
Utah
Salt Lake City, Utah Alcoholism Foundation, 770 East South Temple
84111.
Salt Lake City, Utah Department of Health and Welfare, 44 Medical
Drive 84113.
'Salt Lake City, Utah State Board on Alcoholism, 770 East South
Temple 84111.
Vermont
Burlington, Alcoholic Rehabilitation Board, 59-63 Pearl Street 05401.
Burlington, Vermont Alcoholic Rehabilitation Board, 34 Elmwood
Avenue 05401.
Burlington, Vermont Department of Health, 115 Colchester Avenue
05402.
Montpelier, State Department of Mental Health, State Office Building
05602.
Virginia
Charlottesville, United States Department of Health, Education, and
Welfare, Regional Office, 50 Seventh Street NE. 22901.
Norfolk, Norfolk Council on Alcoholism, Professional Arts Building
23510.
Richmond, Division of Alcoholic Studies and Rehabilitation, Virginia
Health Department, 1314 East Grace Street 23219.
Richmond, Virginia Department of Health, Banksand Governor
Streets 23219.
Richmond, Virginia Department of Mental Hygiene and Hospitals
23.214.
Washington
Olympia, Alcoholism Section, Washington Department. of Public
Health, 320 Public Health Building 98502.
Olympia, Washington Department of Health, Public Health Building
98501.
Olympia, Washington Department of Institutions, P.O. Box 867 98501.
Seattle, King County Commission on Alcoholism, 1012 Seaboard Build-
ing 98101.
.Seattle, Pioneer Fellowship House, 1102 East Spruce Street 98122.
Seattle, Seattle-King County Council on Alcoholism, 3109 Arcade
Building, 1319 Second Avenue 98101.
Vancouver, Clark County Citizens' Committee on Alcoholism, 207
Central Building, 12064 Main Street 98660.
Wenatchee, Greater Wenatchee Committee on Alcoholism, P.O. Box
22198801.
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Yakima, Yakima Valley Council on Alcoholism, 202 Miller Building
98901.
West Virginia
Beckley, Raleigh County Mental Health Commission, P.O. Box 1759
25801.
Charleston, Alcoholism Information Center of Kanawha County, 410
Kanawha Boulevard East 25301.
Charleston, Division of Alcoholism, West Virginia Department of Men-
tal Health, State Capitol 25305.
Charleston, West Virginia Department of Health, 1800 East Wash-
ington Street 25305.
Clarksburg, Alcoholism Information Center, 917 West Pike Street
26301.
Elkins, Alcoholism Information Office, Appalachian Mental Health
Center, 201 Henry Avenue 26241.
Huntington, Alcoholism Information Center of Cabell County, 821
Sixth Avenue 25701.
Huntington, Alcoholic Treatment Unit, Huntington State Hospital
25709.
Lewisburg, Alcoholism Information Center, 106 South Court Street
24901.
Princeton, Alcoholism Information Center, Mercer County Mental
Health Clinic, Court House 24701.
Spencer, Alcoholic Treatment Unit, Spencer State Hospital 25276.
Weston, Alcoholic Treatment Unit, Weston State Hospital 26452.
Wheeling, Alcoholism Information Center, McLain Building, 40 12th
Street 26003.
Wheeling, Alcoholism Information Center, Peterson Place and Home-
stead Avenue 26003.
Wisconsin
Madison, Alcoholism Services, Division of Mental Hygiene, Wisconsin
Department of Health and Social Services, 1 West Wilson Street
53702.
Madison, Dane County Alcoholic Information and Referral Center,
210 Monona Avenue 53709.
Madison, Wisconsin Board of Health, P.O. Box 309 53700.
Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Council on Alcoholism, 1012 Majestic Build-
ing, 231 West Wisconsin Avenue 53203.
Racine, Racine Council on Alcoholism, 523 Main Street 53403.
Weyerhauser, WNOT Alcoholism Treatment Center, Rehabilitation
Foundation, Route 154895.
Wyoming
Cheyenne, Division of Mental Health and Mental Retardation, Wyo-
ming Department of Public Health, State Office Building 82001.
Evanston, Department of Alcoholic Rehabilitation, Wyoming State
Hospital 82930.
SC
Som
and otl
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APPENDIX B
SOME SOURCES OF EDUCATIONAL MATERIALS
Some sources of information about available books, films, lectures, posters,
and other educational aids are:
1. National Center for Prevention and Control of Alcoholism, National
Institute of Mental Health, U.S. Public Health Service, 5454
Wisconsin Avenue, Chevy Chase, Md. 20203.
2. National Council on Alcoholism, 2 East 103 Street, New York, N.Y.
10029.
3. Center of Alcohol Studies, Rutgers University, New Brunswick,
N.J. 08903.
4. Alcoholics Anonymous, Box 459, Grand Central Station, New York,
N.Y. 10017.
5. United States Civil Service Commission, Bureau of Retirement,
Insurance, and Occupational Health, 1900 E Street NW., Wash-
ington, D.C. 20415.
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