STAFF NOTES: WESTERN EUROPE CANADA INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP86T00608R000500010020-5
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 14
• Document Creation Date: December 21, 2016
• Document Release Date: January 9, 2009
• Sequence Number: 20
• Publication Date: June 27, 1975
• Content Type: REPORT

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5UIFF HOUE
Western Europe
Canada
International Organizations
State Dept. review
completed
Secret
1?
No. `a`17-75
June 27, 1975
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WESTERN EUROPE - CANADA - INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS
This publication is prepared for regional specialists in the Washington com-
munity by the Western Europe Division, Office of Current Intelligence, with
occasional contributions from other offices within the Directorate of
Intelligence. Comments and queries are welcome. They should be directed to
the authors of the individual articles.
Portuguese Decolonization Efforts
Turn Toward Timor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
UNESCO Trying to Soften Arab-Israel Actions . . 7
German Envoy Explores Possibility of
Reconvening International Oil Conference . . 9
Turkish Opposition Leader Taking Tougher
Line Toward Government . . . . . . . . . . . 11
June 27, 1975
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Portuguese Decolonization Efforts Turn
Toward Timor
With the decolonization process well under
way in Africa, Portugal's military government
has now turned its attention to the settlement
of colonial affairs in Asia.
Portuguese officials have begun discussions
on a decolonization plan for Portuguese Timor
with representatives of two Timorese political
parties. The meeting, which is being held in
Macao, was expected to begin on June 15 but was
delayed by administrative issues.
The Portuguese had difficulty persuading
all three parties to attend. One of the groups,
a radical movement favoring immediate independence
for Timor, is boycotting the talks rather than
sitting down with the party that advocates merger
with Indonesia.
Official spokesmen at the talks have cautioned
not to expect too much from the meetings, but
the Portuguese appear determined to move ahead
and end their role on the island as quickly as
possible. After the talks have concluded, the
Portuguese delegation will submit a report to
the ruling Revolutionary Council which will draw
up a decree-law setting a time schedule for Timor's
decolonization, according to roving ambassador
Vitor Alves.
The discussions are based on a study drawn
up by the Portuguese and submitted to Timor's
three political parties. The proposals have
not been released to the public
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The Portuguese are anxious to keep the process
as painless as possible and will probably attempt
to satisfy those who favor independence, while
at the same time trying to avoid offending the
Indonesians. The latter have made no secret
of their desire to annex the territory. The
Portuguese may look to a popular referendum as
the best way to resolve the dilemma.
The Indonesians have assumed a more relaxed
attitude about Timor in recent weeks and now
are apparently convinced that the Portuguese
The Portuguese delegation will also take
advantage of its stay in Macao to discuss the
draft political statute for that island with
local officials. The statute is expected to
maintain the Portuguese administration of Macao,
but will probably assign greater autonomy in
local matters. The governor of Macao has indicated
that a local police command will replace Portuguese
army units and a legislative assembly will be
elected.
In def-rence to Peking's desire to maintain
the status quo, Portugal has not given Macao
the option for independence that has been granted
to all the other territories. The Portuguese
are anxious to curry China's favor, in hopes
of establishing diplomatic relations. Thus far,
the Chinese have remained aloof, although there
has been limited contact through third party
intermediaries. The Chinese will probably remain
at a distance until they are convinced that Portugal
will not fall into the Soviet orbit.
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UNESCO Trying to Soften Arab-Israel Actions
The UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural
Organization (UNESCO) is trying to moderate the
effects of the two anti-Israel resolutions passed
at the organization's general conference last
November. One resolution excluded Israel from
full participation in UNESCO's European regional
group. High UNESCO officials have now indicated
that UNESCO will invite Israel to participate
in a European regional meeting on education if
Israel gives some indication that it will accept
the invitation.
The regional membership issue has become
an extremely sensitive one for UNESCO, particularly
since it is recognized that this issue can be
resolved more easily than the dispute over Israeli
excavations in Jerusalem. Arab allegations that
Israel is destroying Muslim shrines by its archeological
digging led to passage of the second anti-Israel
resolution in November. This resolution withholds
UNESCO financial grants to Israel until the excavations
cease.
UNESCO has periodically sent archeologists
to Jersalem to investigate the Arab charges.
So far, neither the Arabs nor the Israelis have
accepted the "mixed" findings of the UNESCO represent-
ative. Another mission to the area ;'_s now being
planned in the hope that a sufficie..itly positive
assessment will permit the next UNESCO conference
to lift the sanctions.
There is other evidence of serious attempts
by the UNESCO leadership to reverse the harm
done to the organization by last November's actions.
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UNESCO officials intend, for example, to argue
for a reversal of decisions by Malaysia and Indonesia
to refuse Israeli attendance at UNESCO-sponsored
meetings to be held in their countries. Should
persuasion fail, the officials have said that
they will look for another country--which will
admit Israeli experts,--to host the meetings.
While UNESCO moves to reintegrate Israel
into the organization, other UN forums continue
to reflect the pressures of Arab wealth. Recent
meetings of two UN regional economic commissions
recommended that Israel be excluded from a 1976
UN-sponsored conference. At the Women's Year
Conference now being held in Mexico, Arab delegates
have introduced a resolution calling for support
of the Palestinian women's struggle against "Zionism".
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German Envoy Explores Possibility of Reconvening
international oil Conference
Bonn in recent weeks has made clear its
deep interest in an early resumption of talks
between oil producers and consumers.
This was manifested most recently by the
cabinet decision to send Hans Juergen Wischnewski,
a senior Foreign Ministry official and expert
on Arab affairs, to seven of the nine countries--
including the US--that attended the abortive
oil conference last April in Paris. Wischnewski
began his tour earlier this week in Algiers
where he met with government leaders.
Wischnewski's visit is timed partly to
convey the impression that Bonn's well-publicized
review of its policy on raw materials and energy
signifies the Schmidt government's flexibility.
Despite speculation about the outcome of the
review, the Germans will probably not go much
beyond the US proposals suggested in Paris in
late May.
Wischnewski will probably test the response
to a US proposal to restructure the energy conference
by creating three commissions on energy, raw
materials and problems of developing nations.
He may suggest that another commission be added
to discuss monetary problems stemming from OPEC's
large foreign exchange holdings which have always
been an issue of prime concern to the Germans.
The German envoy will reaffirm Bonn's opposition
to proposals for establishing a link between
oil prices and the cost of manufactured goods.
Most West German officials fear that indexation
would only add to inflationary pressures.
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Wischnewski will probably express Bonn's
preference for export stabilization schemes
similar to those that the European Community
has negotiated with numerous developing countries
and may suggest that the International Monetary
Fund play a role in such a plan. Bonn officials
prefer a multilateral approach in order to avoid
new commitments that would place further strains
on the federal budget.
Wischnewski's mission is likely to have
only a limited impact on the cabinet's review
of West German policy toward raw material exporters.
B
h
onn
as already deciucd to channel a large
portion of its development aid to the thirty-
odd poorest developing states.
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Turkish Opposition Leader Taking Tougher Line
Toward Government
opposition tactics cou resu t in a violent-?.
confrontation tomorrow at a large rally Ecevit
is scheduled to address in Istanbul.
In the past Ecevit had urged his followers to
avoid violence, hoping to keep his party's image
untainted while extreme leftist and rightist ele-
ments discredited themselves through internecine
strife. Republican Peoples Party leaders agreed
to the change of tactics, however, after Ecevit
came under attack by rightist "commandoes" during
a recent series of political rallies.
The switch to a more vigorous opposition also
reflects Ecevit's concern that:
--Demirel's Nationalist Front government is
becoming more oppressive, using violence
to intimidate its opponents and ousting
Ecevit loyalists from their jobs.
--Demirel will strive to avoid early elections
and remain in power until the required
general elections in the fall of 1977.
--Demirel's economic policy will bankrupt
the government within two years.
The pattern of violence that has developed in
recent weeks shows no sign of abating. Since the
first of June there have been daily clashes, involving
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Turkish opposition leader Ecevif i.--
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both student groups and political parties, in
virtually every large city in Turkey. A Nationalist
Action Party rally on June 23 led by one of Demirel's
three deputy prime ministers, was disrupted by clashes
with supporters of Ecevit which left two dead and
"scores wounded." A similar incident a day later
at Ankara University led to 38 arrests and the dis-
covery of an arms cache in one of the dormitories.
Demirel's coalition government has exhibited
a greater degree of cohesiveness than was generally
expected when it was formed last April. If political
violence continues to grow, however, Demirel will
find it increasingly difficult to hold the disparate
elements of his government together. In fact, he
already has run into difficulty with his coalition
partner, Alpaslan Turkes, whose rightwing supporters
have been involved in many of the recent clashes.
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