CIA IN KOREA 1946 - 1965 VOLUME III

• Document Type: FOIA
• Collection: FOIA Collection
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): 06146213
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: U
• Document Page Count: 9
• Document Creation Date: July 13, 2023
• Document Release Date: May 3, 2022
• Case Number: F-2018-00932
• Publication Date: July 1, 1973

pproved for Release: 2022/04/05 C06146213
CIA IN KOREA
1946 - 1965
VOLUME III
AirForce/Haas/Korean War 51-53
HS [Mar 95/KCRuffner]
Doc. #3 ; page , / of asp.
BEST COPY
AVAILABLE
CIA Internal Use Only
Access Controlled by
DDO
DO HP 283
Controlled by: EA
July 1973
Copy No. 2 of 2
PERMANENT HISTORICAL DOCUMENT
DO NOT DESTROY
Approved for Release: 2022/04/05 C06146213
pproved for Release: 2022/04/05 C06146213
S T
PART III CHRONOLOGY.
"What is past I know, but what is for to come
I know not."
Summer 1945
111111111111k
26 July. 1947
411111111111
25 June
1950
26 'June
1950
27 June
1950
28 June
1950
30 June
1950
AirForce/Haas/Korean War 51-53
HS [Mar 95/KCRuffner]
Doc. # 3 ; page a of 9 pp.
The APOCRYPHA, EsdracS. Il, 20
USSR NKVD -(Russian Intelligence Service)
enters North Korea in strength.
National Security Act of 1947 estab-
lishes CIA.
11111111110111111111111110111111110
The war begins.
KMAAG decision to evacuate all but
thirty-three of its officers to Japan.
Ambassador Muccio ordered to leave
Seoul.
FECOM Survey Party arrives Suwon Air-
field. Command passes from Ambassador
to U.S. Army.
KMAAG Chief and remainingalipersonnel
evacuate Seoul.
41111111111CIA case officers and radio
communication facilities arrive Suwon
and are placed at disposal of FECOM.
President Truman orders U.S. ground
forces into Korea.
95.
S E E T
Approved for Release: 2022/04/05 C06146213
pproved for Release: 2022/04/05 C06146213
1-4 July 1950 �
1-4 July 1950
5 July 1950
5 July-4 August 1950
7 July 1950
July 1950
20 July 1950
4 August 1950
30 August 1950
September 1950 '
15 September 1950
18 September.1950
26 September 1950
26 September-
? October 1950
7 October 1950
AirForce/Haas/Korean War 51-53
HS [Mar 95/KCRuffner]
Doc. # 3; page 30f / pp.
General Church and Ambassador Muccio
jointly occupy Osan.
OSO personnel assume emergency role
as military intelligence officers.
First U.S. ground troops go into
action near Osan.south of Seoul.
OSO withdraws south to Taejon, then to
Taegu with EUSAK Forward Headquarters.
U.N. creates United Nations Command
under U.S. Commander.
OSOMIllbegins training Korean
intelligence agents.
OPC begins wartime build-up =NM
Pusan Perimeter established along Nak-
tong River. Heaviest fighting of the
war with the outcome of battle continu-
ally in doubt until 15 September 1950.
OSO collects intelligence from island
off Inchon.
OSO drops intelligence teams along
northern border of North Korea. OPC
opens station at Tongnae, Korea.
Inchon Landings
U.N. Forces break-out from Pusan
Perimeter.
Seoul recaptured by -U.N. Forces.
NKPA troops, by-passed by the U.N.
Forces, go underground and become
Communist guerrillas in South Korea.
U.N. Forces cross the 38th parallel
into North Korea. OPC establishes
temporary station in Seoul.
96
Approved for Release: 2022/04/05 C06146213
pproved for Release: 2022/04/05 C06146213
12 October
1950
First Chinese Communist troops cross
Yalu Riverintallorth Korea.
14
October
1950
,General Willoughby's G-2 estimate that
Chinese Communists are bluffing in
their threats to enter the war.
19
October
1950
Pyongyang, North Korean capital, taken
by U.N. Forces.
19 October -
25 November 1950
28 October 1950
November 1950 -
8 November 1950
25 November -
10 December 1950
1 December 1950
5 December 1950
December 1950
26 December 1950
4 January 1951
14 January 1951
25 January 1951
AirForce/Haas/Korean War 51-53
HS [Mar 95/KCRuffner]
Doc. # 3 ; page 1/ of 9 pp.
OSO.exploits opportunity to recruit
penetration agents in interior of
North Korea.
,OPC places E&E staybehind agents above
38th parallel and prepares to occupy
offshore islands.
OPC E&E program starts.
National Intelligence Estimate
Chinese Communists are capable
ing U.N. withdrawal from North
that
of forc-
Korea-
CCF *strike EUSAK and U.N. Forces
retreat. OSO leaves new agents in
place in North Korea. -
CIA staff in Korea:
U.N. Forces clear Pyongyang retreating
south.
OPC guerrilla training camp opened.*
General Ridgway assumes command Eighth
U.S. Army, Korea (EUSAK).
Seoul recaptured by CCF.
U.N. lines rest along 37th parallel
in South Korea.
U.S. Forces reassume offensive..
97
T
11���0111.....111.1........�����.m...111������=10.������������
.
Approved for Release: 2022/04/05 C06146213
pproved for Release: 2022/04/05 C06146213
1 February 1951
March 1951
18 March
10 April
U.N. votes to end Korean conflict by
peaceful mans.
Paramilitary staging and training base
established on island near Pusan.
1951 Seoul retaken by U.N. Forces.
1951. .Plan to combine OSO/OPC units
'into one CIA Mission begins.
. 11 April 1951
April - June
in Korea
General MacArthur recalled. Ridgway
assumes command at FECOM, Van Fleet at
EUSAK, Willoughby relieved as FECOM/G-2.
1951 11111,CIA guerrillas infiltrated by sea
and air onto North Korean mainland.
1
June
1951
CIA staff in Korea: 1111.1111111
13
June
1951
U.N. Forces back.on 38th parallel.
2 July
1951
OSO/OPC units in Korea merged into CIA's
first combined Clandestine Services
10 July 1951
Summer
field mission. Acting Senior CIA Repre-
sentative FECOM appointed by DCI.
Truce talk begin at Kaesong.
1951 Paramilitary, E&E, air, and maritime
operations intensified.
CIA intensified intelligence penetra-
tion operations. Agent radio operators
infiltrated to establish communications
with staybehind agents in North Korea.
Generals George Marshall as Secretary
of Defense and Walter Bedell Smith as
DCI agree to place covert and clandes-
tine operations in support of EUSAK
under Commander-in-Chief, FECOM only
as long as combat continues in Korea.
27 November. 1951
AirForce/Haas/Korean War 51-53
HS [Mar 95/KCRuffner]
Doc. #3 ; page 5 of 1 pp.
Truce talks resume at Panmunjom; cease-
fire line agreed upon.
98-
�V������������������=����������������,
Approved for Release: 2022/04/05 C06146213
Approved for Release: 2022/04/05 C06146213
28 November 1951
November - April
S E,74-1 T'
CCRAK established by FECOM order.
Stalemate along Korean battlefront
1952- during discussions at Panmunjom.
1 December 1951
8 January 1952
Winter 1951-52
12 May - 12 June
1952 �
1 June 1952
AirForce/Haas/Korean War 51-53
HS [Mar 95/KCRuffner]
Doc. #_1, page pp.
CIA strength in Korea:
111.1111111116
Washington OSO/OPC headquarters
merged into single CIA Clandestine
Service (DDP), Notice No. 8-52
' signed by Walter Bedell Smith.
Apogee of CIA mainland guerrilla effort.
Communist Forces mop up U.N.. guerrillas. .
U.N. Forces sweep up Communist guerrillas.
Mark Clark replaces Ridgway at FECOM.
. CIA staff in Korea:
Narrative ends. Cease- ire signed
a year later at Panmunjom on 27 July
1953.
99
q�X-C-17; T
Approved for Release: 2022/04/05 C06146213
Approved for Release: 2022/04/05 C06146213
Apr
11
Jul
Jul
10
Nov
27
Nov
28
General MacArthur is recalled and
General Ridgway assumes command of
FEC. General Willoughby is relieved
as G-2 FEC.
Merger of OSO and OPC units into one
mission, Joint Advisory Commission
Korea (JACK),
Truce talks begin in Kaesong.
Truce talks resume at Panmunjom.
Establishment by US Military of
Covert, Clandestine and Related
Activities in Korea (CCRAK--later
CCRAFE) with CIA Station chief .as
deputy of CCRAK.
Dec Liberal Party is founded.
Increase in CIA staff in Korea ilk
1952
--Tgar Transfer of JACK headquarters to
Seoul with bases in Pusan, Inchon,
and Seoul.
Apr is appointed acting
and later on 2 Aug, Chief, CIA
Mission Korea.
May 11.11111111111is appointed chief of
reactivated Embassy unit in Pusan..
May 30
Priority assigned to EE program
by Korea Mission chief but with
little success.
Primary EE responsibility, is re-
tained by Korea Mission despite Air
Force criticism.
AirForce/Haas/Korean War 51-53 �
HS [Mar 95/KCRuffner]
Doc. # 3 ; page 1- of 9 pp.
- 529 -
Approved for Release: 2022/04/05 C06146213
 Approved for Release: 2022/04/05 C06146213
r(T
Late May
Jul
Aug 2
Sep
Late
1111111111111111C
is appointed
deputy cffief of CCRAK replacing
the chief of mission.
Capri Incident in which CIA indige-
nous guards fired at President Rhee's
yacht.
1111111110arrives as new chief of
Intelligence Operations.
Credibility of much of Korea Mis-
sion's North Korean reporting be-
comes increasingly questionable. -
1953
- Jan CIA is accepted as Fourth Force in
military theaters of operation such
as Korea under agreement approved-
by Joint Chiefs of Staff.
Mar Vice Admiral Harvey E. Overesch is
designated Senior Representative,
North Asia Command, and CIA Com-
mander for Far East Command, JCS,
as pertains to Korea in conduct of
unconventional warfare.
11.111111111111111111appointed chief of
Embassy unit in Seoul.
Jun 30 Tongnae Base closes.
Jul 8 Pusan Base closes.
Jul 27 Signing of Korean Armistice.
Signing of Armistice results in
new operating restrictions caus-
ing decrease in CIA activities
north of demarcation (DMZ) line.
AirForce/Haas/Korean War 51-53 - 530 -
HS [Mar 95/KCRuffnerl
Doc. # 3 ; page S of 9 pp.
Approved for Release: 2022/04/05 C06146213
 Approved for Release: 2022/04/05 C06146213
/
Jul 27
Aug
Late
1954
�Tan
Nov
1955
sEloeit'ff
0111111111111becomes chief of Korea
Mission.
Korea Mission headquarters (JACK)
is closed.
Korea Mission is reorganized and
divided into smaller units under
military cover.
Reassessment of station assets re-
veals papermills and fabrications
as sources for most of station
North Korean intelligence.
Initiation of successful audio oper-
ation
Establishment of AMECA mechanism to
develop contingency plans in event
of death of Rhee or unilateral de-
cision to march north.
Establishment of aim Operations
Base 4IIIIIIIkfor purpose of de-
veloping operations against North
Korea.
the head-
quarters of Korea Station is moved
AirForce/Haas/Korean War 51-53 :
HS [Mar 95/KCRuffner]
Doc. # 3 ; page q of 9 pp.
- 531 -
aySTiyeirfl"
Approved for Release: 2022/04/05 C06146213