CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY CREATION - INTELLIPEDIA

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• Document Creation Date: December 28, 2022
• Document Release Date: March 19, 2018
• Case Number: F-2016-01967
• Publication Date: September 10, 2014

� Central intelligence Agency - Intel! ipedia
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entral Intelligence Agency
From Intellipedia
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nlbe Central Intelligence Agency was created in 1947 with the signing of the National Security Act of
1947 by President Harry S Truman. The act also created a Director of Central Intelligence (DCI) to serve
as head of the United States intelligence community; act as the principal adviser to the President for
intelligence matters related to the national security; and serve as head of the Central Intelligence Agency.
The Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004 amended the National Security Act to
provide for a Director of National Intelligence who would assume some of the roles formerly fulfilled by
the DCI, with a separate Director of the Central Intelligence Agency.tli
John Brennan became Director of the Central Intelligence Agency on March
8, 2013 and reports to the Director of National Intelligence. The CIA director's
responsibilities include:
� Collecting intelligence through human sources and by other appropriate
means, except that he shall have no police, subpoena, or law enforcement
powers or internal security functions
� Correlating and evaluating intelligence related to the national security and
providing appropriate dissemination of such intelligence
� Providing overall direction for and coordination of the collection of
national intelligence outside the United States through human sources by
elements of the Intelligence Community authorized to undertake such
collection and, in coordination with other departments, agencies, or
elements of the United States Government which are authorized to
undertake such collection, ensuring that the most effective use is made of
resources and that appropriate account is taken of the risks to the United
States and those involved in such collection
� Performing such other functions and duties related to intelligence
affecting the national security as the President or the Director of National
Intelligence may directtil
Contents
CIA Guidelines for Collaboration I
� The Creation of CIA
CIA Directorates
� 3.1 Other Elements
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A photograph of the (b)(3)
original sign from the
; CIA's first building on E
� Street in Washington,
DC.
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� 4
The Compound
� 5
CIA's Vision, Mission and Values
� 6
Military Directors of CIA
� 7
See Also
� 8
External links
9
References
CIA Guidelines for Collaboration
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clear. Users are to contribute to topical articles related to their account. Making sure to add value, know
your audience, and ensuring the protection of CIA equities.
For more information and specific guidelines please visit Classified Collaboration Rules of the Road
Complications can arise due to the various roles performed by certain officers. However, this is for a
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issues.
The Creation of CIA
r�l'he Central Intelligence Agency celebrated its 60th birthday on 18
September 2007. At the beginning of the Cold War, and looking back
to the lessons of Pearl Harbor, Congress and President Harry S Truman
approved the creation of a peacetime intelligence service. This new
organization, deliberately fashioned to be independent of all the
Cabinet departments and military services, was to provide senior U.S.
policymakers comprehensive judgments on political and military issues
and to coordinate clandestine activities overseas. Washington thus
created an agency dedicated to collecting the secrets of actual or
potential adversaries; spying became a key component of America's
security structure.
nThe U.S. Government did not easily embrace worldwide espionage
after World War II. Washington had never employed non-wartime spy
networks, but senior planners were understandably concerned and
influenced by the global ambitions of the Soviet Union. The
recognition that America was facing powerful new threats spurred
efforts to maintain spies and actively seek out enemy secrets.
nAmerica's intelligence makeover was more complicated than simply recruiting agents. The wartime
Office of Strategic Services (OSS), headed by the dynamic William J. "Wild Bill" Donovan, provided one
model for a foreign intelligence organization. The OSS conducted intelligence collection and analysis,
espionage, sabotage, and propaganda operations. But, deemed unnecessary and unworkable at war's end by
President Truman, the OSS was disbanded in October 1945, with much of its responsibilities transferred to
the Departments of War and State.
for help on these
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Convinced of the need for an independent intelligence organization, in January 1946 Truman
established the Central Intelligence Group (CIG). The CIG, headed by a Director of Central Intelligence
(DCI), was responsible for "coordination, planning, evaluation, and dissemination of intelligence," as well
as the provision of "services of common concern." Funding and staff would come from existing
government organizations, which would continue to develop their own intelligence products. Importantly,
the military and State Department maintained their independent intelligence capabilities and access to the
President and other senior government leaders. The new DCI, RADM Sidney W. Souers, with no budget or
personnel authority, was hardly in a position to take control of U.S. intelligence. Indeed, observed in a 1976
Congressional report, "institutional resistance made implementation virtually impossible. The military
intelligence services jealously guarded both their information and what they believed were their
prerogatives in providing policy guidance to the President, making CIG's primary mission an exercise in
futility."
cl Lt. Gen. Hoyt S. Vandenberg, appointed DCI in June 1946, brought greater rank, influence, and
bureaucratic savvy to CIG. Within months, Vandenberg strengthened the Office of Research and
Evaluation (ORE) and, flush with funding and personnel authorizations, increased CIG manning three-fold
to some four hundred employees. At the same time, the CIG received authority to establish a clandestine
collection capability. Building on the Strategic Services Unit (SSU), a War Department organization with
former OSS personnel and facilities, DCI Vandenberg created the Office of Special Operations (0S0). By
the end of 1946 CIG's staff numbered some 1,816. At the highest levels of government, however, the CIG
continued to lack influence.
nrhe creation of a truly independent and permanent central intelligence organization focused on
strategic issues required legislation. Specifically, the Administration made use of the big "unification" bill
by which President Truman sought to modernize what he called America's "antiquated defense setup". This
bill which would become the National Security Act of 1947, established a Secretary of Defense and an
independent Air Force. At General Vandenberg's urging, the White House also agreed to include in the bill
language founding the Central Intelligence Agency. The authorization was brief and unspecific, but the CIA
was born.
CIA Directorates
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Directorate of
Intelligence
National
Clandestine
Service
Central Intelligence
Agency
Directorate of Science
and Technology
Office of the
Director of
the Central
Intelligence
Agency
CIA Office of
Inspector
General
Office of
General
Counsel
Center for the Study of
Intelligence
Off,
Public
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r�l'he Directorate of Intelligence, the analytical branch of the CIA, is responsible for the production
and dissemination of all-source intelligence analysis on key foreign issues.
The National Clandestine Service is responsible for the clandestine collection of foreign intelligence.
F7The Directorate of Science and Technology creates and applies innovative technology in support of
the intelligence collection mission.
nThe Directorate of Support provides the mission critical elements of the Agency's support foundation:
people, security, information, property, and financial operations.
Other Elements
� Office of the Director of the Central Intelligence Agency
(ODCIA) consists of staff elements that directly support the Director of the Central
Intelligence Agency.
IA Office of Inspector General
�
�
(01G) conducts independent audits, inspections and investigations of CIA programs and
operations. The Inspector General provides recommendations designed to promote efficiency,
effectiveness and accountability in the administration of CIA activities. The Inspector General
ensures that the Director of Central Intelligence, the Congressional Intelligence Committees
and CIA managers and employees are informed of our findings and recommendations.
Office of General Counsel
(OGC) advises the Director of the Central Intelligence Agency on all legal matters relating to
his role as CIA director and is the principal source of legal counsel for the CIA.
enter for the Study of Intelligence
(CSI) maintains the Agency's historical materials and promotes the study of intelligence as a
legitimate and serious discipline.
Office of Public Affairs
(OPA) advises the Director of the Central Intelligence Agency on all media, public policy, and
employee communications issues relating to his role as CIA director and is the CIA's principal
communications focal point for the media, the general public and Agency employees.
(U)CIA displays savvy in sharing its secrets
CIA Operations Center
Plays a key role in supporting the Agency's daily current intelligence mission, drawing
membership from across CIA's directorates and from collector agencies across the Intelligence
Community, the Operations Center utilizes advanced technologies to perform its Alert and
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Warning, and intelligence triage missions on behalf of the D/CIA.
gLIChief of Human Resources
Takes a leadership role in building and shaping the CIA workforce to meet the needs of
intelligence. CIA University and the Center for the Study of Intelligence fall under HR.
The Compound
Main article: CIA Headquarters Compound
The CIA Compound is known as the George Bush Center for Intelligence
in honor of George H. W. Bush, the 41st President of the United States
and the 11th Director of Central Intelligence. The compound includes a
variety of historical artifacts, museum, and gift shops.
� Map of the compound
� Headquarters Buildinu Locator Man
t23
� Parking Lot Maps for Headquarters
Map of CIA
Headquarters Compound
CIA's Vision, Mission and Values
Main article: History of CIA Strategies
Main article: CIA Strategic Intent
F7The Director of the Central Intelligence Agency (ClA)'s Message to the workforce 20 December
2006:
This Strategic Intent, which benefited greatly from your comments and suggestions, is our roadmap
for the next five years. It will enable us to become a more effective organization in fulfilling our
paramount mission: protecting the American people.
Its central theme is integration�operating as a team within our Agency and with our Community
colleagues. We must combine our talents according to what the mission requires. Our common
culture will be One Agency, One Community.
This Intent is fully consistent with both the President 's National Security Strategy and the DNI's
National Intelligence Strategy, which call for the nation's intelligence enterprise to become "more
unified, coordinated and effective."
lam excited about this Intent because of the promise it holds for our Agency. As we better integrate
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our core capabilities�and as we take steps to strengthen those capabilities�we will meet the
demands placed on us by the challenging strategic environment that our country faces.
As we meet our strategic goals, we will be true to our core values: Service, Integrity, and
Excellence. They are the constants that reflect the best of our Agency's unique history and
accomplishments. These are the values that have served us well and will guide us as we embark on
making our Strategic Intent a reality
Gen. Michael V. Hayden
Director, Central Intelligence Agency
Military Directors of CIA
eneral Michael V. Hayden was the fourth active-duty military officer to serve as director of the
Central Intelligence Agency. RAdm. Roscoe Hillenkoetter, USN, served as Director of Central Intelligence
from May 1947 to October 1950. Soon into his tenure, Congress passed and President Harry S. Truman
signed into law the National Security Act. The legislation replaced the Central Intelligence Group, which
Truman created in January 1947 (along with the position of DCI) with the CIA, effective 18 September
1947. Gen. Walter Bedell Smith, US Army, served as DCI from October 1950 to February 1953. Adm.
Stansfield Turner, US Navy, served as DCI from March 1977 to January 1981, but retired from active duty
in 1978.
General Smith served as DCI during a time of transition for the CIA, with the Agency reeling under the
effects of major intelligence failures involving the Soviet Union, China, and Korea. He implemented many
recommendations of the 1949 Dulles Report, which represented the first major review of the Intelligence
Community. DCI Smith pushed through reforms at the CIA and across the IC to reduce duplicative efforts
and integrate collection and analysis. For example, he created the Board of National Estimates and the
Office of National Estimates, as well as a current intelligence office to produce the President's Daily
Bulletin, and also a research office to perform analysis not done elsewhere in the Community. He also
helped to convince the National Security Council to streamline cryptologic capabilities by creating the
National Security Agency, and persuaded the Department of State and the Joint Chiefs of Staff to turn over
their remaining operational roles to CIA. Smith bequeathed a much stronger agency�externally and
internally�to Allen W. Dulles in 1953.
nThree other high-ranking military officers led CIA predecessor organizations. William J. Donovan
served as director of the Office of the Coordinator of Information (COI) and then as the director of OSS
from July 1941 to September 1945. Roosevelt appointed Donovan a Brigadier General in the US Army in
1943, and Major General in 1944. The first two DCIs served prior to the passage of the National Security
Act: RAdm. Sidney Souers, US Naval Reserve, served from January to June 1946, and Lt. Gen. Hoyt
Vandenberg, US Army Air Forces, served from June 1946 to May 1947.
See Also
� Intelligence History
� Center for the Study of Intelligence
� CIA Operations Center
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� CIA Museum
� CIA World Intelligence Review � CIA's single online presence
� Studies in Intelligence
� Intelligence Community oral history programs
� CIA 60th Anniversary
External links
� CIA homepage 0
� The Central Intelligence Agency: The First Thirty Years 1947-77
History of the CIA
IC History on DNI Connections
Classic article from CIA's Center for the Study of Origin, Missions, and Structure of
CIA
Studies in Intelligence, Volume 1, No. 2; 1958. 6 pages; 276KB.
� Collaborating with CIA Analysts
� Foreign Relations of the United States Series � The Intelligence Community 1950-1955
by Lyman B. Kirkpatrick;
References
1. j 1'0 1.1 www.cia.gov date accessed March 15, 2007
Categories: CIA Organizational Charts I CIA I DNI Intelligence
Community Program Managers I Analysis Organizations I HUMINT
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Merit Awards Featured articles
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