NATIONAL BASIC INTELLIGENCE FACTBOOK

• Document Type: FOIA
• Collection: FOIA Collection
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): 06727040
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: U
• Document Page Count: 6
• Document Creation Date: December 28, 2022
• Document Release Date: May 4, 2018
• Case Number: F-2017-02097
• Publication Date: January 1, 1979

Approved for Release: 2018/04/27 C06727040
January 1979
National Basic Intelligence
FACTBOOK
GC BIF 79-001
January 1979
Approved for Release: 2018/04/27 C06727040
Approved for Release: 2018/04/27 C06727040
FOREWORD
The National Basic Intelligence Factbook, a compilation of
basic data on political entities worldwide, is coordinated and
published semiannually by the Central Intelligence Agency. The
data are prepared by components of the Central Intelligence
Agency, the Defense Intelligence Agency, and the Department
of State. Comments and suggestions regarding the contents
should be addressed to the Office of Geographic and Carto-
graphic Research (Att: Factbook) Central Intelligence Agency,
Washington, D.C. 20505.
The publication is prepared for the use of U.S. Government
officials. The format, coverage and contents of the publication
are designed to meet the specific requirements of those users.
U.S. Government officials may obtain additional copies of this
document directly or through liaison channels from the Central
Intelligence Agency.
Non-U.S. Government users may obtain this along with
similar CIA publications on a subscription basis by addressing
inquiries to:
Document Expediting (DOCEX) Project
Exchange and Gifts Division
Library of Congress
Washington, D.C. 20540
Non-U.S. Government users not interested in the DOCEX
Project subscription service may purchase reproductions of
specific publications on an individual basis from:
Photoduplication Service
Library of Congress
Washington, D.C. 20540
� Non-U.S. Government users may also purchase hard copies
of this publication from:
Superintendent of Documents
U.S. Government Printing Office
Washington, D.C. 20402
Stock Number 041-015-00103-5
Approved for Release: 2018/04/27 C06727040
Approved for Release: 2018/04/27 C06727040
National Basic Intelligence
FACT BOOK
January 1979
Supersedes the July 1978 issuance of this
Factbook, copies of which should be destroyed.
For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office
Washington, D.C. 20402
Stock Number 041.015401035.
Approved for Release: 2018/04/27 C06727040
Approved for Release: 2018/04/27 C06727040
January 1979
Page
�T�
THAILAND 204
TOGO 205
TONGA 206
Transkei (see SOUTH AFRICA)
TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO 207
TUNISIA 208
TURKEY 210
TUVALU (formerly Ellice Islands) 211
UGANDA 212
Umm al Oaiwain (see UNITED ARAB EMIRATES)
U.S.S.R. 213
UNITED ARAB EMIRATES: Abu Dhabi, 'Ajman, Dubai, Fujairah,
Ras al Khaimah, Sharjah, Umm al Oaiwain 214
United Arab Republic (see EGYPT)
UNITED KINGDOM 215
UNITED STATES 231
UPPER VOLTA 217
URUGUAY 218
�V�
VATICAN CITY 219
VENEZUELA 220
VIETNAM 221
�Nov_
WALLIS and FUTUNA 223
Walvis Bay (see SOUTH AFRICA)
WESTERN SAHARA (formerly Spanish Sahara) 223
�WESTERN SAMOA 224
�Y�
YEMEN (Aden) 225
YEMEN (Sane) 226
YUGOSLAVIA 227
�Z�
ZAIRE 228
ZAMBIA 230
Zanzibar (see TANZANIA)
Approved for Release: 2018/04/27 C06727040
Approved for Release: 2018/04/27 C06727040
January 1979
TUNISIA/TURKEY
key centers are Safagis, Susah, Bizerte, and Tunis; 100,000
telephones (1.7 per 100 popl.); 3 AM, 3 FM, and 7 TV
stations; 3 submarine cables
DEFENSE FORCES
Military manpower: males 15-49, 1,273,000; 713,000 fit
for militarY service; about 75,000 reach military age (20)
annually
Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31 December
1978, $153 million; 6% of central government budget
TURKEY
gam Minato map V)
LAND
766,640 km'; 35% cropland, 25% meadows and pastures,
23% forested,. 17% other
Land boundaries: 2,574 km
WATER
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 6
Black Sea where it is 12 nm (fishing 12
Coastline: 7,200 km
tun except in
tun)
PEOPLE
Population: 43,767,000 (January 1979), average annual
growth rate 2.6% (current)
Nationality: noun�Turk(s); adjective�Turkish
Ethnic divisions: 90% Turkish, 7% Kurd, 3% other
Religion: 99% Muslim (mostly Sunni), I% other (mostly
Christian and Jewish)
Language: Turkish, Kurdish, Arabic
Literacy: 55%
Labor force: 16.4 million; 61% agriculture, 13% industry,
25% service; substantial shortage of skilled labor; ample
unskilled labor (1978)
Organized labor: 12% of labor force
GOVERNMENT
Legal name: Republic of Turkey
210
Type: republic
Capital: Ankara
Political subdivisions: 67 provinces
Legal system: derived from various continental legal
systems; constitution adopted 1961; judicial review of
legislative acts by Constitutional Court; legal education at
Universities of Ankara and Istanbul; accepts compulsory ICJ
jurisdiction, with reservations
National holiday: Republic Day, 29 October
Branches: President elected by parliament; Prime Minis-
ter appointed by President from members of parliament;
Prime Minister is effective executive; cabinet, selected by
Prime Minister and approved by President, must command
majority support in lower house; parliament bicameral
under constitution promulgated in 1961; National Assembly
has 450 members serving 4 years; Senate has 150 elected
members, one-third elected every 2 years, 15 appointed by
the President to 6-year terms (one-third appointed every 2
years), and 19 life members; highest court for ordinary
criminal and civil cases is Court of Cassation, which hears
appeals directly from criminal, commercial, basic, and peace
courts
Government leaders: President Fahri Koruturk; Prime
Minister Bulent E,cevit
Suffrage: universal over age 21
Elections: National Assembly and Senate (1/3 of seats),
Republican People's Party won a plurality in June 1977;
Presidential (1980)
Political parties and leaders: Justice Party (JP),
Suleyman Demirel; Republican People's Party (RPP), Bulent
Ecevit; National Salvation Party (NSP), Necmettin Erbakan;
Democratic Party (DP), Ferruh Bozbeyli; Republican
Reliance Party (RR?), Turhan Feyzioglu; Nationalist Action
Party (NAP), Alpaslan Turkes; Unity Party (UP), Mustafa
Timisi; Communist Party illegal
Communists: strength and support negligible
Other political or pressure groups: military forced
resignation of Demirel government in March 1971 and
remains an influential force in national affairs
Member of: ASSIMER, CENTO, Council of Europe, EC
(associate member), ECOSOC, FAO, GATT, IAEA, IBRD,
ICAC, ICAO, IDA, IEA, IFC, 1HO, ILO, IMCO, IMF,
IO0C, IPU, ITC, ITU, NATO, OECD, Regional Coopera-
tion for Development, U.N., UNESCO, UPU, WHO, W1PO,
WMO, WSG, WTO
ECONOMY
GNP: $45.0 billion (1977), $1,070 per capita; 3.8% real
growth- 1977, 791-8% average annual real growth 1970-76
Agriculture: main products�cotton, tobacco, cereals,
sugar beets, fruits, nuts, and livestock products; self-suffi-
cient in food in average years
Approved for Release: 2018/04/27 C06727040
Approved for Release: 2018/04/27 C06727040
January 1979
TURKEY/TUVALU
Major industries: textiles, food processing, mining (coal,
chromite, copper, boron minerals), steel, petroleum
Crude steel: 1.9 million tons produced (1976), 45 kg per
capita
Electric power: 5,000,000 kW capacity (1977); 22.0
billion kWh produced (1977), 510 kWh per capita
Exports: $2,671 million (f.o.b., 1977); cotton, tobacco,
fruits, nuts, metals, livestock products, textiles and clothing
Imports: $6,999 million (f.o.b., 1977); crude oil, machin-
ery, transport equipment, metals, mineral fuels, fertilizers,
chemicals
Major trade partners: 22% West Germany, 9% U.S., 9%
Iraq, 7% U.K., 7% Italy (1976)
Budget: (FY77) revenues $11.2 billion, expenditures $12.2
billion, deficit $1.01 billion
Monetary conversion rate: 25.25 Turkish liras=US$1
(July 1978)
Fiscal year: 1 March-28 February
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: 8,253 km standard gage (1.435 Fri); 143 km
double track; 72 km electrified
Highways: 60,000 km total; 21,000 km bituminous;
28,000 km gravel or crushed stone; 2,500 km improved
earth; 8,500 km unimproved earth
Inland waterways: approx. 1,689 km
Pipelines: 1,288 km crude oil; 2,055 km refined products
Ports: 10 major, 35 minor
Civil air: 24 major transport aircraft
Airfields: 120 total, 101 usable; 58 with permanent-sur-
face runways; 3 with runways over 3,660 m, 23 with
runways 2,440-3,659 m, 22 with runways 1,220-2,439 m
Telecommunications: new trunk domestic radio-relay
net, good international service; 1.1 million� telephones (2.7
per 100 popl.); 40 AM, 4 FM, and 36 TV stations; 1 coaxial
submarine cable; COMSAT station near completion
DEFENSE FORCES
Military manpower: males 15-49, 9,786,000; 5,778,000 fit
for military service; about 430,000 reach military age (20)
annually
Military budget: for fiscal year ending 28 February 1979,
$2.3 billion; about 20.7% of proposed central government
budget
TUVALU
(formerly Ellice Islands)
NOTE: On October 1, 1975, by Constitutional Order, the
Ellice Islands were formally separated from the British
colony of Gilbert and Ellice Islands, thus forming the new
PUA11
NEA '
,--,Afgv6wAs
Os Memo map Will
colony of Tuvalu. The remaining islands in the former
Gilbert and Ellice Islands Colony were renamed the Gilbert
Islands.
The new colony of Tuvalu includes the islands of
Nanumanga, Nanumea, Nui, Niutao, Vaitupu, and those
islands claimed by the United States: Funafuti, Nukufetau,
Nukulailai, and Nurakita.
LAND
26 km2
WATER
Limits of territorial waters: 3 nm
Coastline: about 24 km
PEOPLE
Population: 6,000 (preliminary total from census of 8
December 1973)
Ethnic divisions: Polynesian
Religion: Protestant
Literacy: less than 50%
GOVERNMENT
Legal name: Tuvalu
Type: independent state within commonwealth
Capital: Funafuti
House of Assembly: eight members
Government leader: Prime Minister Toalipi Lauti
ECONOMY
See Gilbert Islands for economic data
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: none
Highways: 8 km gravel
Inland waterways: none
Ports: 1 minor
Civil air: no major transport aircraft
211
Approved for Release: 2018/04/27 C06727040