COORDINATION OF MATERIAL TO BE INCLUDED IN NIE 11-5-59 (W/ATTACHMENTS)

• Document Type: FOIA
• Collection: FOIA Collection
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): 01142960
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: U
• Document Page Count: 51
• Document Creation Date: December 28, 2022
• Document Release Date: December 1, 2017
• Case Number: F-2017-00323
• Publication Date: October 12, 1959

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4141
A-G-E-N-D-A
_
THE JOINT ATOMIC ENERGY INTIMLIGENCE COMITTEE
BARTON HALL 1300 HOURS 22 OCTOBER 1959
NEM 1.
Approval of the minutes of the meeting of 8 October 1959.
(Copy attached)
ITEM 2.:
Report on Current Activities:
a. Lt. Col. Neuer report on meeting with British.
Discussion of ONE draft of NI! 11-8-59, "Soviet Capabilities
for Strategic Attack", - including Table A in Annex D (Copy
attached - TS 141956-f)
ITEM 5.
(b)(1)
(b)(3)
Informal preliminary discussion of plans for NI! 11-2-60.
(No papers)
ITEM 6.:
Review of draft NIS Section 63 - HUNGARY. (Secret Copy
attached)
ITEM 7.
Review of draft NIS Section 73 (atomic energy), NIS 15 - .
SWITZERLAND. (Secret copy attached)
1 1 C1, - natio
meanin of r.al dk.few.e :-.1 :: :. l'..!--.! .7.:.-!,-Ic Nvitbin ihe
gihe ci-,......-,-....:,, !.'..,,1-...i:, .i?. ',_:'..i.:, Secs.
This maior:ial (:::.r.tz.:ii; ir.7,--rt�.5!ion sflecring the
,P i � 793 and 794, t;-.,./ :: .,..7 * ....I; or 1.c.:(1,1tion of
WYs-E.C.E..2-T which an in y manner i.; a,: 1..ii.aLC.....,:i.:cd pert:on is
A'
U.-tSj prohibited by law. '
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:OW
Present Membership
yela
Chairman
Dr. Herbert Scoville, Jr.
Alt. Chairman
Members
Mr. Philip Farley
Dr. Edwin Davis
Dr. A. K. Brewer
Col. William D. Hayes
Dr. Charles Reichardt
Col. Andrew Cox
Mr. Meffert Kuhrtz
Mr. Neil Carson
Mr. Leslie Rutledge
Secretary
Mr. Charles Flowerree
Maj. John Brandenburg
Dr. Seaborn Newton
Maj. Charles Rupert
Mr. George Monk
Mr. Edward Risley
Mk. Sam Papich
Mk. Brewster Denny
Mr. John Jackson
14 October 1959
Code
Ext.
State
182
4201
Army
11
75121
Navy
1203
� 12
Air Force
189
652
AEC
119
3355
Joint Staff
11
78450
FBI
175
517
NSA
188
7106
Defense
11
57182
State.
182
4928
Army
11
75121
Navy
1203
12
Air Force
189
2302
AEC
119
3357
Joint Staff
11
78450
FBI
175
517
NSA
188
7106
Defense
11
75574
S-E -T
This matoriai contains
natior.A d. (CC cf
meang of I're
793 and 7.;4,
which m
Prohibited by krw.
information affecting tho
wifhin ths
; USC.,
�
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BARTON HALL
ATTENDING:
Members
MIME
Of
THE JOINT ATOMIC ENERGT INTELLIGENCE COMMITTEE
1300 HOURS 8 OCTOBER 1959
Dr. Herbert Scoville, Jr., Chairman
Lt. Col. Glenn A. Smith, Acting Chairman
(part of meeting)
:Mr. Charles Flowerree, State
Dr. Edwin Davis Army
Dr. Seaborn Newton, Navy
Mt. Frank Perez, Air Force
Mr. Edward Risley, Joint Staff
Mt. Neil Carson, NSA
Others Present
Mr. Howard Wiedemann. .State
maj. Jonn nranaennurg, Army
ITEK 1. The Minutes of the meeting of 17 September 1959 were approved
as circulated; however, in the absence of Dr. Reichardt (AEC),
and at his request, Col. Smith stated the comments of the AEC
member on paragraphs 4 and 5 of the Summary of Information on
US-USSR Exchange Negotiations (attached to minutes) as follows:
amend to read - -
4. Mention was made by Dr. Reichardt of a State Department
proposal to establish a continuing exchange through the IAEA
on the LENIN and the SAVANNAH.
5. He also mentioned that the President's Special Advisory
Committee on High Energy Physics and Accelerators had
recommended that the National Academy of Science look into the
possibilities of exchange or cooperation with other countries
including the USSR on new accelerator concepts.
ITEM 2. current Activities:
RET
(b)(3)
(b)(6)
(b)(3)
(b)(6)
(b)(1)
(b)(3)
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:GNAW Memo - .The memo, to Chairman/JAN1C from Chairman,
GMA/C on GMAIC's proposed contribution to.N1E 11-5-59 was -
reviewed and the proposed draft reply was approved with
changes. (Copy attached)
c. -Consultants Meeting - Mt. Wallace Howard, Chairman of
,the first JAEIC Consultants Meeting reported on. the arrange-
'mints that have been made in preparation' for the. meeting
ytth JAZ1C consultants starting 12 October 1959..
: �
d. New AE Information - reported on recently
:obtained new information on Soviet atomic tests. The ESA
:member was asked' to review this information to determine
=whether NSA might verify or supplement these reports.
Second Consultants Meeting - Mr. Perez, Chairman of
the SecondJAE1C donsultanis meeting reported on arrange-
Apents for. the meeting presently p1anned:for,26 October 1959.
Intelligence Objectives - The text of -a proposed revision
DCID 1/3 was reviewed and an alternate wording of the
-portion relating to Soviet nuclear energy was endorsed for ,
,su si4on. (Copy attached)
1118-10-Annual on Norway The JAZIC contribution to BIS-10
-.vas approved as amended. .
. -
WIS-8-Annual on Portugal She JAE1C-contribution to us 8
was' approved without change.
Summary of Production - It was decided that for the forthcominG
4ANIC consolidate& summary of production' the period to be'
covered would be 1 July 1958 to 30 June 1960. A new date of
.511evember 1959 was set for member contributions, and it waa
.:decided to publish such a summary in the future at two-year
'intervals, providing in each publication for an Overlap with
:the last issuance.
'.NTE 11.8.59, Soviet 'Capability for Strategic Attack - The
. draft of NIB 11.6-59 will be sent, to members when it becomes
,
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Fourth Countries Capabilities - The proposed memorandum to
USIB on action taken in response to 100st4Sortem on NIB
100.2-58 was approved.
Visit to USSR - Col. Smith described preparations for a visit
to the USSR by a group of US AS experts headed by Mr. McCone.
1500.hours
Ne�Xt meeting: 22 October 1959 at 1300 hours
Airoweovute
L.ENG
Secretary,:JAEIC-
SE ET
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� ichainumi guided Missile
Intelligence Committee
-
tolier 1959.
,
and Astronautics
�,,
COordip4ien-ofMeterial.tobeinOiuded-In
.141,;44A5,5P':
GNAW Memo to 0hairean,':',,JANIC dated
'September: 1959; same subject
terence ,requests'4AEIC concurrence or c .oweent on two
tentatively approved for use, in SectiOn'''ll'Of ME 11-5-59.
,
The following changes are proposed:
Paragraph 1.a. Change the second sentence
to
read:
,beginning of the nuclear rocket capability' way evolve
about 1970 with the first application probably being on
r, intermediate or, final stages.
4
third sentence, at the end these
. _
0 ;0 0 ..... .and increase the �payload.
ph 1.b. - Change the -second sentence to read:
lies4believe the Soviets are interested in and are probably
working on nuclear rocket engine's for this purpose. However,
propulsion will probably not be used for the, first
e. Nuclear rockef-engines,,sey be followed by ionic and
teinic type engines if they can be proved practical.
Eng tor/
HERBERT scovni;;
Mains=
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MEMORANDUM FOR: Assistant Director/National Estimates
Annual 'Review of DCID No. 1/3
Priority National Intelligence Objectives,
30 September 1958
ONE Memorandum, same subject, 1 October 1959
1. At its 8 October 1959 meeting the Joint Atomic Energy
,Intelligence Committee reviewed the 1 October 1959 draft =vision
,of Dap 1/3.1 which was an enclosure to reference.
2. The following changes are recamaended in the draft, as
tel:
� I. Par, a.: Present and future Soviet capabilities for
nuclear iiEtaTon the US or key US overseas installations
: by any weapons delivery system, including missiles or by
clandestine measures.
II. Par. e.: Soviet and Satellite scientific and
technical strengths and weaknesses, including nuclear
. energy research and development for other than weapons
' purposes, substantially affecting Bloc military, economic,
and political capabilities.
. s/
RANSOM L. END
Secretary
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14 October 1959
NIS SECTION 63 - HUNGARY
Uranium mining in Hungary started in 1956, when uraniferous sandstone
deposits were discovered by Soviet and Hungarian exploration teams in the
Pecs area. At that time, expeditions were set up to explore for uranium
deposits throughout Hungary, and a joint Soviet-Hungarian uranium mining
stock company was formed over which the Soviets have complete control.
This company is known as the Bauxite Mining Enterprises with headquarters
, believed to be in Budapest. The Enterprise is subordinate to the Nu;Dber 2
Section of the Hungarian Ministry of Chemical Industry and Electric Power.
This Section is also called the Uranium PlAnning Office, and is located
at 1649Unkasi Mihaly Ut., Budapest.
Uranium deposits in the Pecs area consist mostly of Paleozoic,
Mesozoic, and Tertiary sedimentary rocks, which have been folded and
slightly faulted. The uranium deposits are in light-reddish marine
sandstones and are widely dispersed. The mountains are of low and hilly
relief. Some of the deposits are quite similar to those found in the
US Colorado Plateau.
Reportedly, uranium ore is mined in two main areas in Hungary: the
vicinity of Pecs, and at Bakonya. The reported mining areas include
1Covagoszollos near Pecs (46�05'N-18�05'E) where three mines are also in
operation; BalatonfUred (46�57N-17�52'z); Veszprem (47�05'N-17�54'E);
This material contair.s ir.!..-.rmation affecting the
national defense of 5.7!cs win the
tr meaning of the c�.r.ys. Sect:
793 and 794, t;le of
which in any manner to an 1.;1-.:;:�Aiz...ld pcarson it
nrohibited by law.
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Kaposvar (46�21'N-17�47 E); Miskolc (1.8�061N-20�47'E); Baaszek
(46�11'N-18�43'E); and at Lake Balaton and Meczek.
It is believed that a uranium processing plant was built near Pecs
during 1958, although no information is as yet available on its size or
processes used.
Although the proven Hungarian uranium reserves are quite extensive,
they are being exploited at a relatively slow rate by the Soviets. In
19571 the first year of full production, ore containing aT:proximately
100 tons of recoverable uranium metal was produced. In tta next few years
it is estimated that Hungary will produce ore containing up to perhaps
1000 tons of recoverable uranium metal per year. All the output of
Hungarian uranium mines is sent to the USSR for reduction to metal.
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6 October 199/
NIS 15 .
SWITZERLAND
SECTION 73
ATOMIC ENE=
Thin is a preliminary draft of Section 739 NIS 15,
It hao not been finally edited zcorcUd with
other NIS ;notices and should tot bo reproduced.
Thin section was approved In 1959 kf the
Scientific Entizatea Committee for vne in the NIS,
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XIS 15
TABLE 07 CONT&NTS SEGTIOB 73
A. General . 0 0 0 0. 0 0 000
NIS 15
c73
P&P
00000000000000 4 00
1. Capabilities and Trends . . . . 0 . . . 00 00000000 o 73-1
2. Background amd Organisation 0 0 0 0 0 J0000000000
3, Financing 00000000000 0 0 0 o o 0 o o 0 0 0 o 0 0 . 73-7
4. Manpower and Training . . . 000 00 U000000000 0 , 73-8
Major Research and Development 0000000000000000 0 73-10
Sources and Production of Basic Material . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Reactive Materials . . 0 00 o 0 0 0 0 0 00000000 000 0 73-14
Applicationn . 00 0000000000000000000000 . 73.44
SUpport Facilitiem 00000000000000000000 0 0 . 73-15
0 o o o o o o 0 o 0000000000 0 73-20
Commesta **principal sources 00000000000000000 0 73,..26
Outstandieg Personalities
Fig. 7371 Table
Fig. 13-2 Table
Fig. 733 Table
LIST OF FIGURES
?Webers of the Federal Commissioa for AtomicExer
Appropriations for the Development of Atomic Energy
in Switaerland.
Swiss Reactor Specitioutions0
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A. GENLiAL
1. Capabilities and Trends
Switzerland has establiehed a deat atomic enargy program which
is confined to basic nuolear raooarch and the developmeat of tho peeoeful
uses of atomic energy. It has no capability. for the production of nuclear
weapoes, but acne government and military leaders are urging that the
armed forces be equipped with these weapons. Switzerland does not have
the economic and technological strength, nor the scientific manpower, to
sustain a really large nuclear prograt.
Although Switzerlamd bogan investigating the possibilities of
utilising atomic energy in 1945 and has Bozo acientists of justifiably
high reputation, shortages of research futilities, fieancial resources,
personnel, end raw materials limited the development for a number .of years
to basic unclear physics research Lathe universities. In 1955 private
. .
industry took the first steps in establishing a uclear research program
with the formation of a reactor ceater at Wheroallagan, and the scgtzisitioz
-
of the research reactor displayed by the U.S, at the First U.N. Coefererge
on the Peaceful Caen of Atomic Energy. This leadership by private ledvetry
gave Switzerlend ita first oppartuaity for applied =leer researeh arf
emphasis was shifted from battle nuclear research to the develop:mat of
research and polar reactors. A =coed reactor of Swipe desiga is boi*g
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constructed at the liverenlingen center, and the research reactor displayed
at the Brussels Fair' in 1938 by the U.S. was purchased by .the Swiss National
Fund foriciantific Research for the Univereity of Basel. A prototype
power reactor is being developedbyone private group while another private
group is building a pilot power reactor obtained fro:the General Metric
Ocipany (uS). One of the basic problenefacing the Swiss is the traditional
division: 'between Oerman-speakieg and Fronah-spealdng Switserland. Over the
years it has been custopary to duplicate educatioeal and other facilities .
in the two parts of the country.. This trend is noticeable lathe plans for
erecting power research reactors. Officials close to. the nudlear progrwa
fear that Switzerland does not have sufficient resources to maintain a
dual program. Because of the impressing espouse the Swiss Ocmernment
has had to appropriate for the support of the research center at Wuerenlingen
� feu
it is becoming apparent that i4 will in the next/Years cone under government
control. The economic development of atonic power stations will be left
entirely to private isdu5t170 Although Ingialative control over atomic
ens:grime placed under the Federal Government by a national referendum
on 24. November 1957p Parliament has not yet passed a federal atomic energy
law.
Industry, the universities and the Institute of Technology are
keeping pace with nuclear developmepts, Certaincindustries have succeeafully
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devoted themselves to the atudy of nuclear materials, and each of the
universities has established a nuclear physics department to the extent
of its means. Nuclear training is being carried an in the universities and
the nuclear research fields are quite varied. The specialization of each
of the seven universities in their own fields and their current capabilities
favor the development of nuclear research so as to allow then to work
together profitably thus avoiding duplication.
Swiss capabilities are much smaller than those of its larger
neighbors, but greater than those of Austria. The participation of
Switzerland in international agencies and bilateral agreements with
western nations will aid in the development of their atomic energy program,
but it will not achieve the large scale program that is being developed in
?ranee, Italy and West Germany. Bilateral agreements for the peaceful
uses of atomic energy have been negotiated between Switzerland and the
United States, France and Canada.
The program will also be assisted by Swiss membership in various
-
international nuclear energy organisations such as the International
Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), The European Agency for Nuclear Energy of
the Organisation for European Economic Cooperation (OEEC), and The
European Center for Nuclear Research (CERN). CERN� a high-enera nuclear
physics research center is located at GOMM and is readily accessible
to Swiss scientists4
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2. Background and Organization
The Swiss Commission for the Study of Atomic Energy (Schwsizerische
Studienkommission fur Atomenerige)� the SEA, was formed in. 1945 by the
Swiss Government to begin investigating the possibilities of utilising
atomic energy in Switzerland. The first objective of the Conmission was
the constructioa of an experimental nuclear reactor. The SEA was also
instructed toi
1. conduct research on the basic question of atonic energy;
2u provide a reservoir of trained scientists in thia field;
3. give adivce to the military as to the maximum amount of
protection that could be given to troops and population
against the radiological effects of atomic weapons; and
4. maintain contact with private industry.
The driving force behind SEA was Prof. Paul Scheirer, the chairman,
who boa originally convinced the Swiss Government that there was a need
for an atomic energy group. Private industry was also interested in the
industrial aspects of atomic energy and wanted to develop and manufacture
equipment (turbines haat exchangers, etc.) that would be necessary in
tie functioning of the SKA and the interest of private industry little
progross was made for a number of.yenrs, and the money appropriated by
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the Swiss Government for atomic research vas in reality used to spew=
basic nuclear physics research in the universities.
In 1955 a Consultative Commiasion for Walser Eeergy was set up
by the Federal Government to coordinate p)Anniklg activities in the atomic
*mercy field and in January 1956, a Delegate for Atomic Questions was
appointed. The appointment of a Delegate of the Federal Council is the
Swiss method of establishing n semi-independent agency outside the usual
channels. The Delegate was charged with the responsibility of coordinating
the efforts of scientific establishments, private indnetry, and goverment
for the peaceful use of atomic energy and the steely of peculiarly Swiss
problems�
pecause of expansion in the atomic energy program the Study
Commission for Atomic Ensrgy, set up in 1945, was diaolved at the end
of 1958, as was the Consultative Commission for Nuclear Energy. Ty a
decision of the Federal Council, they were replaced on 1 January 1959
-
by the Federal Commission for Atonic Energy, which is composed of 28
prominent people from science, industry, and government, and which is
the high-level consultative body of the Confederation for all goverenental
atomic affaira. The Swiss National Fund for Scientific Research, is
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responsible for handling the subsidies appropriated by the Swiss Government.
These appropriations are handled by the ?undue Commission far Atomic
&since, established in 1958, which has the responsibility for establishing
a general plan of research, coordinating the work in the universities,
supervising the execution of subsidised research, and maintAiniag contact
with international atomic sacra groups. Other organizations which are
involved in the developing atomic =era in Switzerland are the Federal
Commisiloa for the control of Radioactive Fallout, and the Swiss Association
for Atomic Energy.
A group of private industries founded a research organisation,
Reaktor, A. G. in 1955, and furnished 200 million Swiss franca to
establish the first reactor center in Switzerland. Reaktor, A. G. is
the'main atomic energy research establishment in Switzerland, and has
a one thermal megawatt swimming pool reactor in operation and a 50 thermal
megawatt heavy water reactor,un4er construction. Two other private
organizations, Energie Nuoleaire S. A. and Suieatem S. A., have been formed
to promote nualear power developments. The goal of Eaergie Eugleaire,
S. A. is to build, in the French-speaking part of Switzerland, an ex-
perimental center for the production of energy. Suisatom S. A. has a pilot
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nuclear power plant, purchased fram General Electric, under construction
not far from the location of Reakter, A. G.
Switzerland has seven universities and an Institute of Technoloa.
The Institute of Technology is a federal institution, while the universities
are under the jurisdiction of the cantons in which they are located.
Training in various fields of nuclear physics is carried out is each of
these institutions. The number of persons being trained each year is
increasing, hut 't..49FP is still a Shortage of trained personnel to meet
the demands of to growing nuclear program.
3. Financing
The major financial support for tale development and operation of
the atomic energy program in Switzerland cease from private industry
and the federal government. In the early years of the Swiss program the
Government appropriated 18,500,000 MSS trance (vs$4,650,000) for the
construction of a research reactor. Because of the apathy on the part of
the majority Of SOI,!41.-041 and private in#astry, little progress was
�
made on a reactor project, and the appropriation was used largely to
. promote the training of young nuclear physicists. In 1954 plans were
being developed for the construction and operation of a research reactor,
*4.29 Swiss francs m $1.
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by private industry. This project was financed largely by private
industry and the cantons with 15 million Swine francs. The Swiss
Government also appropriated about 11 million Swiss francsioward thia
project. In early 1958 the Swiss Government appropriated a special
subsidy of 10.5 million Swiss francs (US$2,500,000) to be administered
by the Swiss Rational Fund for Scientific Research for the development
of atomic energy, as well as a grant of 4.5 million Swiss franca (about
US $14 eillion) for laboratory equipment of the research center of
Reaktor, A.G. at Wherenlisgen. At the sane time a study was begun to
work out a long-range program coverleg the period 1959-1962. In October
1958 the Swiss Government appropriated 40 million Swiss francs for atomic
research during the.year 1959-1962. An additional appropriation of
30 million Swiss francs was made to the Wuerenlingen Centera which is
administered by Reaktor, A. G. Although the government wants to keep
the initiative in atomic energy development in the hands of private
industryo the increasingly large governmental appropriations makes this
virtually impossible.
4. Vhapower and Training
The Swiss nuclear energy program has been limited ny a shortage
of scientists and technicians-. Many of those who had the required
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qualifications emigrated because of more attractive possibilities abroad.
Swiss authorities are aware that Switzerland can only keep up with the
rapid progress in this field if there is a supply of high4 skilled
native scientists and techniciann,.and although the bulk of the
appropriations elated for atomic energy research were earmarked for
the training of nuclear specialists there is still a serious lack of
trained personnel in this field.'
Each of the universities and the pokytechnio schools has a physics
department or an Institute of P#IpliC8 that is doing basic nuclear physics
research and training. Several industrial firms have established atomic
energy sections which are providing training in the industrial applications
of atomic energy which are of particular interest to their special seeds.
The research seater, Reaktor� A. G., has at present a personnel strength
of 220. This will likely be increased when this center is taken over by
the Federal Government.
-
Switzerland has also taken advantage of the training programs
of other couxtries, which are available to foreign personnel, particularly
that of the United States. Swiss personnel have attended the International
School of Nuclear Science and Engineering (a reactor training school) at
Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois, studied at the Joint
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Norwegian4etherlands reactor center at Ejeller� Norway, and have
participated in the basic and pure research of the European Center for
Nuclear Research (CERN) located in Switzerland.
B. MAJOR RESEARCH AND DEVELOpMENT.
The gain nuoliar research center in Switzerland is Reaktor, A. Go,
located at Hterenlingen� on the Aare River near Baden. Reaktor A. G.
was founded in March 19550 with the accessary tweets:eat capital .furnished
by over 170 Swiss ,corporations froninduntry, banking, insurance and
public utilities. Cu the other hand, the funds required for the actual
operation and the maintenance of the instal1ations in Wuerenlingen are
provided by the Federal Governmeat in the form of subsidies. The aims
of the enterprise are statutorily fined as follows:
a. Balding and operation of research reactors for the purpose
of establishing scientific and technical bases for the
construction and operation of power reactors, and to study the
�
development of the necessary machines and equipment for this
purpose.
b. Research into methods for protection against nuclear radiations.
c. Production of radioactive isotopes for medical uses, chemistry,
. agriculture and industry.
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d. Training technical personnel for the operation and main-
tenance of reactors and to provide students with practical
knowledge about the properties and behavior of reactors.
(SAPHIR)
This center has a 1 EW swimming pool type research reactoain operation,
and a heavy water moderated, natural uranium research reactor (DIORIT)
under construction. SAPRIR was acquired from the United States after the
First UN Conference on the Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy in 1955, and
after some modification west critical in Nhy, 1957. SAFRIR is used for
shielding experiments, small engineering tests, and soma neutron physics
work. Under construction at Reaktor A. G. is a DIORIT, 12.5 Md, heavy
water reaotor of Swiss design. This thermal, heterogeneous, natural
uranium, heavy water cooled and heavy water moderated research reactor
All provide beam holes for general neutron physics, good irradiation
facilities for isotope production and material testing, apace for
installation of hot loops and fuel element test loops. The center also
bits physics, electronics, chemistry and metallurgical laboratories. The
question of fuel composition and cladding will be the major subject for
research and development of the chemistry and metallurgical groups.
Other developments in the atomic energy field are largely concerned
with the development of electric power by private syndicates. Suisatom A.G.
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Zurich, was formed by a group of importamt electrical enterprises in the
northwest part of the country. This group in collaboration with the
International General Electric Compaey, U.S.A.D plans to erect a pilot
power plant which will be located in an underground installation at
Villegea not far from Wuerenlingen. At the beginning of operation, the
plant will have an electric output of about 16 NW which will later be
increased to 27 NW. Special parts of the plant will be supplied by IGB,
with Swiss manutaeturers constructing the rest of the reactor according
to the designs of IGE.
Energie Bucleaire S. A. (EMU), Lausanne, is another group formed
for the development of nuclear power. This syndicate is composed of
public corporationse electric power companies, industrial orgamieationse
insurance companies and consulting engineering offices. The goal of
this group is the construction, in the French,-speaking part of Switzerland,
of an experimental nuclear power plant. Plane call for this protype to
�
be built in an underground installation at Lucens in the valley of Broye,
in the vicinity of 'Atm:logo. It will be a 20 thermal NW light water
boiling reactore cooled and moderated with natural water and will use
slightly enriched uranium oxide (approx. 1.4%). This center which it
is planned to have in operation by 1963, will be available to professors
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and students, particularly those of the Polytechnic School of the
University of Lausanee while also furnishing a training ground for
experience on the industrial plane.
A syndicate composed of several large Germanpados concerns has
plans for the construction of an experimental nuclear center. This
project is being developed neinly hy Sulzer Bros,, Ltd. These plans call
for 30 thermal *I pressurised water reactor using heavy water as a
-moderator and coolant, with natural uranium as fuel. The center will be
aituated in a series of underground caverns which afford a high degree of
containment, and will fora an extension to the �elating District Beating
Station of the Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich. At the present
time the project is under consideration by the Federal Institute of
Technology and the Federal Authorities.
Basic =clear physics research and training is carried out at the
seven universities and the polytechnic school in Switzerland.
C. SOURCES AND PRODUCTION OF BASIC MATEBIALS.
In view of the increasing inportaace of radioactive minerals a
"Working Committee for the Investigation of Swiss Rocks and Minerals for
Atomic Fuel and Rare Elementsn was set up at the end of 1956 which is
financed by the Federal Goveremeet. The main task of thin committee is
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to locate economically exploitable uranium deposits. Though extensive
prospecting is being carried out, only very small uneconomic deposits
have so far been located. The Swiss have a small capability for the
production of heavy water 4 Rolsversuckerungs AG, and the Coca Graphite
works of Zurich have done research graphite for nuclear reactors. The
other basic materials necessary in the nuclear energy program are
acquired through regular commercial channels or from other countries
under the terms of bilateral agreemeata.
D. REACTIVE MATERIALS.
Switzerland has a 1 FM swimming pool type reactor in operation and
is capable of producing only very small amounts of plutonium. Plutonium
produced in the.reactore using fuel purchased from the United States is
to be handled as prescribed by the bilateral agreement; and the United
States has established a price schedule for the repurchase of the used -
fuel elements at prices that vary with the amount of irradiation. This
bilateral agreement also coata5mA arrangements under which Switzerland
may obtain small quantities of plutonium, uranium-23,, and uranium-233
for research purposes.
E. APPLICATIONS.
Since a developing shortage of electric power will become more acute
.
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in the next tan to fifteen years, one of the principal objectives of
the Swiss nuclear energy program is the development of economic applications
of atomic energy, particularly for the production of electric power. At
present Suisatcml, AG, Zurich, has under construction a small pilot plant
facility which will be equipped with a reactor purchased from the later-
national General Electric Company, USA. Other power projects are being
planned by Energie Nucleaire S. A., Lausmrme, with an experimental 20 thermal
NW nuclear power plant to be put into operation in 1963, and by a group
of industrial firms for a 30 thermal MA plant to be built as an extension
to the District Neating Station of the Federal Institute of Technology.
The facilities of the nuclear research center at Nnerenlizigen is
providing the Swiss the opportunity to produce radio-isotopes for medical,
agricultural and industrial uses, and to do power reactor research?
Isotopes have been used for basic research and for medical research and
therapy.
F. SUPPORTING FACILITIES,
The Swiss atomic energy program is supported by work conducted at the
universities and polytechnic schools in Switzerland, and by a number of
. industrial organisation.% The major supporting organieatione ares
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Physics Institute, University of Basel (Physikplische Anstalt,
Universitet Basel). The University Physics Institute is under the
direction of Prof. Paul Huber and the main field of interest is in
work on the physics of neutrons and physica of light euclei. Other
research is done on nuclear =averment techniques and absolute precision
determinations of radioactive source strength and of neutron sources.
Equipment at the Physics Institute includes the A0N-211 research reactor
displayed by the United States at the Brussel Exposition, a 1 MEV linear
Acoelerator, amd a 200 KEV Cochrott-Walton.
Physics Institute, University of Berne (Physkialisches Institut).
This institute is under the direction of Prof. F. O. Houtermans� and
research in carried on in five main fields. These are 1) Mass
spectrometry; 2) radiation measurements; 3) cosmic rays; 4) Carbon 14
dating; and 5) Registration Of neutron of Jungfraujoch.
Institute of Physics, University of Fribourg (Insitut de physique,
Thaiversite de Fribourg). Research on beta and gamma spectroscopy is
being done here. Plans are underway for the development of a bubble
chamber to measure particles of high energies.
Institute of Physics, University of Geneva (Institut de physique,
Uaiversite de Geneva). The main activities at the Institute of Physics,
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under the direction of Prof. Otto Huber, are in the nuclear field.
Those include the study of slow and fast neutron, cross sections, nuclear
magnetic resonance in very low fields and in very high fields, and
paramagnetic resmance. The institute has also received grants from the
Swiss Ministry of Public Economy for beta-ray spectrograph development
and from the U. S. Air Force for bubble chamber development.
Physics Institute, University of Reuchatel (Institut de Physique,
Ueiversite de Neuchatel). This institute umder the direction of Prof.
Jean Rossel is doing research on neutron induced reaction, nuclear
emulsions, and reactor development. A 3 Mev Van de Graaff machine will
be installed soon and will serve to do extensive research in the field
of reactions of inelastic diffusions of neutrons.
Institute of Physics, University of Zurich, (Physdialisches Institut
Usiversitat Zurich). The Institute of Physics under the direction of
Prof. Hans Staub has a 2 May Van de Graaff which has been in operation for
. -
some years, and has a new 5.5 Mbv Van de Graaff which was recently
installed. Research studies are concerned with measurement of nuclear
reactions, cosmic rays, low energy nuclear physics, and nuclear magnetic
resonances. The resonances of several nuclear species have been
discovered hare.
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Physics Institute� Federal Institute of Technology (PhysikAlisches
Iestitut, Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule), Zurich. The nuclear
physics laboratories of the Federal Institute of Technology (Em) are
maiely engaged in radium and low energy research, under the direction of
Prof. Paul Scherrer. The ETH has a long tradition as an excellent tech-
nological education center, and is one of the outstaAdieg centers for
physics in Europe. Prof. Schemer who has does ruoh in building up this
reputation for the ETH will retire at the +sad of the 1959.60 academic
year. His place will be taken by three new professorships in experireatal
nuclear physics. Prof. Pierre Harrier, will head the first of those new
institutes and will carry out research using a 10 Hey Van de Grraff. The exact
nature of the other two institutes has net yet been determined. Preaeat
research is being carried on at the Physics Institute with a fixed frequency
cyclotron, accelerating protons to an energy of 7.5 Hay and deutrons to
12 Hey, a high voltage generator, and a Cockcroft-Walton Generator.
,
Institute for Nuclear Research, Polytechnic Scheel of the University
of Leeson's, (Institut de recherche nualealre, Ecole Po1ytochnique
Universite dm Lausanme). The Institute for Nuclear Research is under
the direction of Prof. Charles &seamy, and its main research is with
� high energies, nuclear emulsion techniques, absolute neaeurousate of
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neutron flux, fast neutron generation, and nuclear reactors. The
institute has a strong interest in obtaining a research reactor for
research and traiaing purposes.
Rrown-Boveri & Cie, Corp. (Brows Bever/ & Cis AO) Baden. Brown Boyer. &
Co. and its president, Dr. Walter Boveri, have played a leading role in
the development of the nunlear energy program in Switzerland. It was
through Dr. Doveri's influence and interest that the research organisation
Beaktor All was founded. The ccmpany has completed the design and manu-
facture of =pewits for the Swiss nuclear research reactor, DIORIT, of
Reaktor, AO, and presently has a contract for designing a 27 thermal NW
nuclear power plant for Suisatom AO, Zurich. It has a betatroa development
prograa and, also participates either direetll or through its associated
companies; is various power plant design projects.
Becher-Wyss Machine Works (Excher-W)'ss Haschinenfabrikes AO.,) Zurich.
This company has engaged in design studies and consulting contracts with
-
the Air Force Office of Soientifio Rosearch and Air Research and Develop'.
nest Command in the United States. It manufactures parts and materials
for research reactors. These have included shielding materials, shieldiag
assemblies, beat exchangers, reactor vessels and tanks. Excher-Wyee has
given financial support to a number of reaktor projects.
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Emil Haefeli &CUD Baael. This compaey in collaboratioa with the
ETH in Zurich hen developed and produced cyclotron equipment. They have
also developed a high-voltage Cockcroft-sWaltaa geaarator. Sulzer Brothers
Corporation (0egruder Sulzer AG.,)Vinterthur. Sulzer is the maia private
Share holder of Reactor AG. The Compaey is building a plant to produce
heavyhydrogon for the makiag of heavy water. The techaical atudiea and
reactor development for the syndicate plaaaing a 30 thermal NA power
reactor at the ETH-in being done by Sulzer. They are also doing work oa
fuel elements and have sircomium clad uranium fUel element.
G. OUTSTANDING PERSONALITIES
Boverip Walter Dr. Industrialist, ChairmaR of the Broad, Brows-
Boveri aid COO and Provident of Reaktor AO. Boveri is the moat out-
standing single private industrialist ia the atomic energy field in
Svitserlaad. Be was iaflueatial in the purchase of the swimming pool
reactor by Switserland wane exerted considerable influence in the
megotiatioas leading to the signing of an atomic eaergy bilateral
-
agreement with the United States. Boveri was a delegate to tim Second
United Nations Cc:teems:3e for Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy in 1958.
Burckhardtp Jacob, Dr. Delegate for Atomic Energy Questions., Member,
Steering Committee for Nuclear Energy. European Nuclear Energy Agency,
Deputy Delegate for Atomic Energy Questions 19561958, and delegate to
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the &booed United Nations Conference on Atomic Energy.
-Clusius, Klaus, prof. Dr. Ing0 physical chemist. Clunius is regarded
as one of the leading physical and organic chemists is Western Europe and
has beeiDirector, Destitute of Organic Chemistry, University of Zurich
sixes 1947. He was formerly Director, Physical Chemistry Institute, University
of MOIL& (0Irmeo)... The invention of uplusius Tube.* The chief research
is connected with the separation of isotope, but be is also doing work
on lad temperature research and reaction kinetics. Born 19 March 1903.
Fritsch*, Asduas, Mechanical Engiseer, Chief Design Engineer, Roaktor
AG. 1957? Research Pagimoor9 Sulser Brothers, Winterthur, 1949.4956.
Fritscbe works co reactor design and reactor control apparatus. Be was
one of tho top three men in the first MBE class at Argonne National
Laboratory 1955. Born 20 August 1920.
Haespy, Charles, Prof. Dr. Physical chemiat. Director of Institute for
Nuclear Research and Physical asomistry, Polytechnic School of the
Ualvereity of Lausamme9 andlomSar of the Swiss National Fund for &destine -
Research. Born 1906
Hautermans, Freidirck Georg, .Dr. rer. Nat. Physicist. Professor for
EIperimental Phyaies and Director, Physics Institute, University of Bern,
and member of Swiss National Ccemittee for International Geophysical year.
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&Mermaids was educated at the University of Goettingen and the Technische
Hoohsehule, Berlin, and worked in the USSR: and &gland before Werld War
II. .He was imprisonod by the Soviets and the Nazis and left Germany in
1953, although he Still retains his German citizenship.. Heutermans has
attended airoua international meetings and has published widely. His
main interest ie in classical radioactivity measurments. Other interests
, . .
are cosmio radiatione, mass spectrography,. radioactivity, and =clear
reactions. Be has adhieved considerable success in the investigation of
�:
comic radiation with the aid of photographic emulsion layers? Born
22 January 19030.
Huber, Paul Dr. Reactor Physicist,. Ordinary Professor of Physics
and Director, Institute of Physics, University of Basel; Member, Federal
Commission for Atomic Esergy; President, Federal Commission for Surveillance
of. Radioactivity?. Huber has attended maw international conferences in
recent years and was an official delegate to both United Nations "Atone for
Peace" Cosferensps. Hubers main interests are in low energy neutron physics,
accelerators, scattered radiation of neutrons in nuclei, thermodynamica and
gas scintillation neutron counters Born 21 April 1889.
Huber, Otto.. Prof. Physicist, Professor of experimental physics and
Chairman, Physics Institute, University of Freiburg.- Umber Cann from the
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EIS in Zurich in 1953 and built up the Physics Institute from zero.
Harnier, Pierre, Prof. Nuclear Physicist. Professor of Nuclear
phyaics at the ETH, Zurich. Taught at the ETU 1946-51 and was a Senior
Research Fellow at the California Iastitute of Technology 19524955.
Returned to the ETH in 1955. Marniees mai* iaterest and research are
in the TWA of nuclear reactions and spectroscopy. Bore 1922.
Hassel, Jean. Prof. Dr. Physicist. Director, Physics Iastitute,
University of Neuchatel; Member of the Board of Directors, Beaktor AG,
sad the Federal Commission for Atomic Energy. Rossel was educated at
the ETH and taught in the physics departmeat from 1924-47. His research
has included work as neutroa physics, low temperaturee, solid state physics
(electromic properties of crystals) and atomic chronometry. Bars 1918.
Soherrer9 Paul. Prof Dr. Nuclear physicist. Scherrer who is probably
Switserlands outstanding nuclear physicist is Professor and Director of the
Institute of Physics of the Federal Institute of Technology (Em). HO
plans to retire at the end of tle 1959-60 academic year. He is also a
amber of the Federal Commission for Atomic Faergy and a member of the
Board of Director Reaktor AO, Scherrer who was chairman of the SEA from
1945 to 1958, was the leading proponent for maw years in creating interest
in the development of atomic energy in Sudtserland.
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Sontheim, Rudolf. Dr Ca. Technical. Engineer. General Manager,
Beaktor AG. Sontheim spent four years as a development engineer for
General Electric Co. in Lynn Mass" 1947-19509 and was Project Engineer
q;%Albiewerk AG., .Zurich, 19504955. In 1955 he becalm General Manager
of the Neaktor AG. Born 1916.
Staub, Hans Prof. Physicists. Director Nuclear Physics Institute,
-Ueiversiby of Zurich. Staub spent some years in the United States at
Los Alamos and.at. Stanford University. Be. returned to Switzerland in
1949 but still retains his U.S. citizenship. The two activities at the
physics Iastitutelmilitich Staub is primarily interested are the Van
do Graaff program and Nuclear Magnetic resonance. The Van de Graaff at
the institute is a 17.6 MEV machine built by Staub.
B. .COMMENTS ON PRINCIPAL SCONCES
Information on the Swiss Nuclear Energy Program has been obtained
from open literature'
Ho Department
of State, visitors to Switzerland and intelligence sources. In general
the information contained in this section is available from several sources.
There are no outstanding gaps in intelligence coverage of this subject.
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Figurs 71-1, HENNES OF THE FEDERAL COHNITHSTON FOR ATOMIC EMEROT
C. Aeschimamn
Prof. B. Bauer
E.Binikert
W. Boveri
E. Choisy
L. Derrona
Prof. Ch. Gr.:matcher
A. Emil
E. Ewes
B. Homborger
Prof. P. Huber
E. Krosauer,
U. XsyerBoller
C. Witvlas
0. Malsr
Prof. A. T. Ymralt,
Prof. E. Palleuet.
E. Primmult
R. Rsiohlimg
Prof. J. Rosso'
A. Schaefer
Prof. P. &horror
E. Stelmer
A. Visitor
H. Wafer
E. Wuttrioh
H. P. Zscbookkm
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' see 73
Figure 73-2. APPROPRTATIONS FfIR TIC DEVILOPHAT Or AToNTO ENERGY IN SWITZERLAND
Year
Federal
Governrent
� (Swiss Franc*)
Industry and Cantons
(Swids Francs)
Use
1946
500,000
Research
,
1947-1951
18,500,000
'
.
Research, Training -
l95.1951
11,800, 000
15,0011,000
6,000,000
500,000
Construction and Operation of Reaktor AO.
Original capital Suisatom AG.
Original capital Energie Nucleaire SA.
1958
15,000,000
4,500,0o0
Research and Training
Operation of Rsaktor AG.
1
1959-1962
4o,000,000
30,000,C00
Research and Training
Operation of Reaktor AG.
*4.29 Swiss Francs m $1.00
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Mbderator
Refictor
Nam Thermal i'9441!
Primary Coolant
Secondary Coolant
Max Thermal flux
Thermal ehie10
Biological shield
Figure 734. SWISS MOTOR SPECIFICATIONS
mum
Swimming Pool
NTR-type fuel clematis
4% enriched
3p5 kg of 13235
Ordinary water
Ordinary water
1.141
Demineralimed water
None
6.1012a/cm2soo
Ordinary water
Non.
SC
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NIB 15
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DIOBIT
Thermal Heterogeneous
Natural Uranium
Heavy Water
Ordinary water and graphite
3205 NW
Heavy water
�MINIMMINCIMION�������
2.2. 101.1mibm21180
cast iron with cooling coils
and concrete
Baryto concrete
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IIPDCID No. 1/6
(New Series)
fr114%�olt. 0,1 �����
, -;. � .
� ;
DIRECTOR OF CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE DIRECTIVE NO. 1/61
CONTROL OF INITIAL INFORMATION REGARDING
FOREIGN NUCLEAR EXPLOSIONS'
� (Effective 5 August 1959)
Pursuant to provisions of NSCIDs No. 1 and No. 3, and for the purpose
of protecting the intelligence sources and methods used and assuring the
availability of a maximum amount of significant technical intelligence
data, the following controls are established on the disseminsition of in-
formation on the detection of foreign nuclear explosions.
foreign nuclear explosions from other sour rted by the
member of the United States' Intelligence Board (hereafter referred to as
the "Intelligence Board") receiving the informationto the Chairman of
JAEIC.
.r,3...AFTAC will notify, operational activities of the .Atomic Energy
Detection System as required to expedite operations.,; ,
�::c 4:=When evidence of a foreign nuclear explosion is received, the Chair-
man.' of= JAEIC will inform the individual members: of the Committee.
JAEIC will then prepare' a complete statement summarizing all informa-
tiorvavailable. This complete statement may be used by the individual
members of JAEIC to notify the Intelligence Board:nlembers of their
respective agencies: Further dissemination of information on the event
shall be determined by the respective Intelligence Board members. Dis-
semination of this information from the Intelligence Board members
directly to the indicated personnel will be accomplished when appropriate
as follows: =
a. Director of Central Intelligence:
The President
The Executive Secretary of the National Security Council
The Chairman, Joint Committee of Congress on Atomic Energy
The Chairman of the Watch Committee of the United States In-
telligence Board
b. Joint Staff Member:
The Secretary of Defense
The Chairman of the JCS
Director of the Joint Staff
This Directive supersedes DCID No. 1/6, effective 6 May 1958, which in turn had
superseded DCID No. 11/1 of 17 July 1956.
'For the purpose of this directive, "foreign nuclear explosions" means nuclear
explosions by foreign countries other than Great Britain.
'11:k ;r�fr:rm.---:!;�ln !cc �!rp..!
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ET
� Assistant to the Secretary of Defense for Atomic Energy
Chairman, Military Liaison Committee
c. State Department Member
Secretary of State
Under Secretary of State
d. Army Member:
Secretary of the Army
Chief of Staff
e. Navy Member:
Secretary of the Navy
Chief of Naval Operations
f. Air Force Member:
Secretary of the Air Force
Chief of Staff
g. Atomic Energy Commission Member:
Chairman and Commissioners of the AEC
General Manager
Director, Division of Military Application
h. Federal Bureau of Investigation Member:
The Director, Federal Bureau of Investigation
5. JAEIC will simultaneously prepare a statement which protects in-
telligence sources and methods and which is suitable for immediate dis-
semination by means of normal intelligence channels and publications.
When requested or appropriate, JAEIC will prepare information on Soviet
nuclear tests suitable for release through established intelligence chan-
nels to selected foreign governments. Release of such information re-
quires Intelligence Board approval in accordance with paragraph 4d,
NSCID 1. This should not be construed to restrict the exchange of in-
formation with the UK and Canada who are cooperating in the detection
program.
6. No public release of information relating to the occurrence of for-
eign nuclear weapons tests will be made, except as directed by the Presi-
dent or the National Security Council.
ALLEN W. DULLES
Director of Central Intelligence
SEC2
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�
INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS
"t
Multinational Cooperation
46pproved for Release: 2017/11/29 C01142960 I/ JULY 1959
lip
ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION
.Intejnationalffairs
Thla material contrins! � ir.formgtion affecting the
national de-tease of theellnite4 Sites within the
=eaning of:the espiciage laws, Title 18, U.S.C.,
Secs. 793 t6d 7he raniiztlasion forlfev'elatiati
of which in any-"to cai;u4cjulhorized.perige;:
is sohibited byhzw., r ,
laeriiiatioital Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) (UNCLASSIFIED)
-
IAEA laboratory site Representatives'of'INEk'and,the'Austrianm
0
Government signed. an agreement under which the*Seibersdbrf site nearo%q
lfienliafwill'be'leased'tdthe IAEA for 99 yeare for"&onstructionrof en'"j
analytical laboratory. The agreement provides for collaboration between
the Agency laboratory and the Austrian atomic energy laboratories which
are ?..ocated.nearby.
,
Research contract with the IAEA. Under a letter contract, the
United-States-Atomic'Energy Commission will make available $20,000 to
the IAEA for research on the production of calcium 47 for use in
biological and medical research'._ This actionswas'thefirst to he
"negotiated. under the United 'States offer, announcedAn-October 1958 at
the Second General Conference-of-the IAEA at Viennalt'to'explore a pro="
grWin-*ch the United States would assign specific research projects
to"the'AgenCi'
4 � ,
-1,t4g1
Agricultural research and atomic energy. A two-month training
p,
program on uses of atomic energy in agricultural research was begun' at'
Cornell University under the sponsorship of the United Nations Food and
Agriculture Organization and the 'IAEA., Scientists from 18 countries
,
are participating.
. ;
'
IAEA fellowships- By 'July 24; the National" Academy of' Sciences'
(NAO'had:fcrwarded,to-theiAEC 81 fellowshipeppliCatiOns'submittee
through'the-IAEA,* Of:this'total, 48 have been'accepted',;16Thave'not
_ ,
.been accepted and 17:were:still'being reviewed.:" Twenty7one',of'thosemz'
. r . .
accepd have been trainedor'arereceivingtraininglin AECI'lfacilitiee:-
.0f.thW16;not.accepted, some "were withdrawn by NAS and 'others were-from
apPlicante-whose interests.or'qualifications could not 'be matched",with-,
AEC training programs.
_
:Technical assistance program. The IAEA authorized $238,000 for
technical -assistance, composed' of and experts,'"to_thejJnited
Arabllepublic, Thailand, and Indonesia. ' �
- � .
Symposiuin:'On Radiation Preservation of,Foods:
Reprientatives from' 24countries attended an International Symposium::",:
on Radiation Preservation of Foods sponsored by the AEC and IAEA at
..-. � .
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the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). A summary report by
. MIT isbeing pfb-fared for the AEC, and a collection of papers presented
will be published .
�
;Panel on atomic energy documentation. A panel on the documents--
tion of scientific, information met in Vienna under,the.sponsorship of.
the IAEA. The panel experts advised the Agency on the:selection-1ml
classificatiop;of,all�pcmeatsfreceivekfrom mamber.atates1Fthe,prepa-
rationof accession lists, and-the-provision-of'repor.6;-abitracts,--
bibliOgrap4eand ,translations ..to member states.. ,The. panel also
'provides]. .adyiceop:thejAgency'a,programa for library;scientiflank.
tes441,cel;:pplicationslankfor the,organization:of,cOnfereaces,and_.
101e141,1W13.,i- -� ,� � . �
_ ,
rf � : ' � . � :1:1 7 . .
Radioactive waste disposal at sea. The disposal,ofradiciadtive
wastes, at sea was disqgssed by a.panel of experts sponsored by the IAEA.
�Participantp,hfroM-Aine(couptries are studying thislprOblem and, expect to
submit)a)repprkAPt.la#J4rPctoriGeneralby theTend7;Off2.959.7.--
, :Panel on--transportation of large radioactive' sources�., The,Trc-,
blem ofetraps,portation,pf,largejadioactive_sources and'fissionable.. mate-
rials W85:T. considered an, I,AEA-sponsored. ,panel otexpertay,hict,began:
ek.perl.ep!of,meetirpwin�Vienna.,,Theipapel iill attempt.toformpla:te.--,
-draft%regulations On minimum safety measures which. will be uniform and4
. .
universally acceptable for air, water, and land transportation of radio-
act.iv%materi4iT7Thi:yorpf7the panel complements�thatof,tbe IAEA
.panel,,A0ransportatiowof..:radipisotopes which met in Vienna in April,
-
Seminar'- on-educational problems related to the development of..
peaceful uses of atomic energy. The IAEA and UNESCO jointly, sponsored
ja seminar on educational problems relating to the development of peace-
.ful,paea,pflatomiCenergy. .,Approximately 60 participants1from,30
.countxl,gpigended.J.,T#e,semiparconsidered,therole of universities,
engineer1nglcolieges4._n4clearresearch centers,and,international.-.
education of nuclear scientists and,technicians'as
welliasithenepd for.,training.health physicists_and introducing nuclear
.'scie4celat t4e68econdau school/level. Speakers from_the United- States
wereiDrp.A0sondBenedict,�GlenniMurphy and William-G. Pollard,
-
European Atomic Energy Community (EURATOM)
.0;7- .
ILIJoint Reactor. Board., Representatives of,the-Uated'Siatea.and
Euratom were named as members of the Joint Reactor.BOard
_Stijkel is to serve as Chairman of the Board and AMasa S. Bishop 'as
Vice-Chairman-,, .There will,alsp:be a member. representinvthe,Export-
�ImpqranKin,.those:Cases'ta'WhiCh-a loan from the'Bank-is7:involyed.,
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,its ,first meeting, tlae:..Joint Reactor Board."..discussed.adminks--:::
tratiye procedures, procedures -for :evaluation -of- reactor proposals, and
the' present status of proposals for those reactors to be,:coarpleted,bx,
1965.t
. ;
.. � .
Theevaluation of reactor proposals -is to .be, carried out simul-
taneously by Euratom and the AEC. The staffs of each organization will
subrait.parallel recommendations to their respective representatives on
the jOint'Reactor -Board'. The Board. will make its decision on the basis
of these separate recommendations.
.7)7
�
tJoint,Research�and Development Program. Three' research contracts
were :awarded by the United 'States-Euratom Joint Research' and -DeVelopment
Board.': The contracts are the first to be negotiated under the joint
research ad development program. The organizations'Iand.the areas of
research are listed below..' 1: - � �
American 7:Standard' 'Corporation
;
t
-Battelle Memorial Institute,.
.- �
,�; t
Conipagnie Industrielle des
-Electroniques
�
Cladding ceramic, plate fuel �
elements by spray coating
techniques
Heat-transfer and 'void
tribution studies on
_boi1ing water :,coolants
� - 272
Study of the -,extrusion -of �
uranium. oxide.
-Joint Nuclear. Research�Center. Euratom and the Italian ,Crovern- -
mentsigned an 'agreement. establishing the 'Nuclear Research Center :at t'
ISPreiZitalY: The 'agreement provides for: L!
:Ispra site andlacilities to be .leased- to Euratom
51q.499-:years;
2. GrathiSi transfer of the Center to Euratom,
i'e . .
Joint use of the -.Ispra-l'research .reaCtor, with
Italian projects having. priority, � "-
.I. 'Euratom to furnish the Center with additional
'facilities and. equipment to the extent of $211. million, and
-1- � -
- � �
5. Euratom to meet operating costs of $15 million per
"rye ar
j. ..*�..'' � e ..!
for
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Inteinational Aff air si CONY IAL) . �
Eurafom"currently plans to staff the Center with approximately .3..,200
persons;�vBy '1962 the Ispra Center is expected to be fully staffed with
1,500.Jenip1oyees.
,
:-.Meeting of the Council of Ministers of the European Community.
AtlitsmeetingAn.JuIy,the_Council of Ministers; of the European-
Community: " I � 7,1
t,'" ' � � . � 1 �
1.:authorized.the:signature of tni�EuraX6m-Canacla
agreement for cooperation,
5' TThc
.kblf:;2- noted the�gompletionofnegotiations:.ofAhp:Export-
. _ . _ .
-.-.4ok.,Import.Bank-loanagreement vith!Euratom,, ,
tIsf ' ' ;�� . �
3:;.-reque5ted,new_propo84ls by September, for. the estab-
lishment of irEuropean University, and,. - ��:
aCt f,,i'm4.;fetressedthefneed for:rapid:considerationAligit,gon-
:7clusion-lof athird-:perty liability convention and basic
' Euratom health 'standards. (End of UNCLASSIFIED section.)
,SafeguardsActivitiesICIAL USE ONLY)!
� � ..
Studies-of'safeguarde-instrumentation and techniques. .Studies
of safeguards AnstruMentations and techniques being carried out by the
WestinghouseElectrip Corporation are being realigned:to coggrin with
experience and data collected. The study hasjIbeen-concerne4swith the
application of tramper-proof features of safeguaraaTinStrumentation
to;lcommerciallyavailableAnstrumentation, and the testing orprotective
andjgommunications devices Future work will:femPhasizethe-40Velopment
of devices which are to facilitate,effectivebut.'unobstrusive:eafpguards.
.s.,[ojSafeguards.discussion'atf'September �IAEA Boara-of.Governors
Meeting. AEC'etaff are preparing recommendations for UpiteriStates
.policy positions on safeguards for the September meeting of the Board
of Governorp of the IAA,. and for discussions with other Western
nations in preparation 'the meeting. Among the problems are: the
determinationrof the:rquantities:of source :and .special nuclear materials
which:will invoke IAEA safeguards, and whether othermaterials�
including heavy water," will be considered as materials requiring IAEA
safeguards. ';�:�11
�
'Nuclear Cross-Sections Cooperation
-f.e.114 .
The United States was informed that the Euratom members had
accepted-a proposal of the United States, United Kingdom, and Canada
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to establish 'a Western: European .nuclear.cross7sectionssroup having re-
sponsibility for the evaluation and cOordinationjof Ahemeasurement ,of
basicconstants of unclassified nature. It is expected that members of
the Tripartite'luclear.Cross-sections Committee (United States, United
and: Canada) will 'participate in, the new 'group .which may..�
gradualWabsorb unclassified 'activities of the Tripartite:group: '(End
of OFFICIAL 'USE ONLY q section ) -
Agreements:f or Cooperation (UNCLASSIFIED)
:$11.,The United,States-French 'Agreement for' Cooperation for Mutual
Defense -Purposes and .an amendment to the .United States-UnitednKingdolir
Agreemeut for Cooperation for Mutual Defense Ttirposes::became ,effective'
July 20 with the exchange of diplomatic notes. United_States.f.Agreementa
for Cooperation 'for Mutual Defense Purposes with Canada, .West Germany,
and-Ihe4letherlands became-effective July 27.11:"
12i:Ci�The-linited States-Viet lam Agreement for Cooperatidn:Concerning::q
the .givil "-Uses. of Atomic 'Energy.;became!�effective . An-amendment--
to the lUnited�States'Bra zilianl'Agreement for :Cooperation Concerningrithell
Civif::Uses!:Of Atomic Energy became :effective Ally 2
�
� Education and ,-Training ." . � . : .` 1.
. . - ��
iRadiotsotopes-techniques.course.. ,A total of 48.1,ersoas
--:-attending the 70th course on radioisotopes techniques offered at
� Oak Ridge 'Institute of Nuclear Studies. Included in the 48 are 11
:foreign':nationala.. '
- 7y�-t I .
, Shippingport Nuclear. PoWer:Station training program. Thirteen
participants are enrolled in the second course which began in July. .01
five 'foreign nationals" attending, two are from. Belgitim, .:Plie0 from
japan, and One:from 'Italy."
Activities in 'Other Countries.- .
'Argentina, Brazil, and Uruguay. rA special science survey.mission
composed of representatives of several United States agencies visited
Argentina;q Bra zii, 'and. "Uruguay in 'August to survey 'the research .potential
of-'these' countries. The 'AEC Scientific, Representative- in Buenos' Aires
,participated'inthe survey.-.7
Austria. The European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN)
has accepted Austria's application .to _become the "13th member of the
organization. ' ,7`': �
CONF
I -37'
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� ,
3fiAustr9-chematom, a private-nuclear. research group, was estab-
lished'x to �fabricate fuel - elements for nuclear reactors. . � �
�S � :114:Canada . Discussions were.;held,between Mr. J.- L. :Gray, -President:
of Atomic: Energy. of Canada, Ltd., . and Messrs. ,McCone, --Luedecke, Pittman,
and�Vells of cthe'United,States Atomic Energy Commission concerning .:�
cooperation between the United States and. Canada. Particular, -reference._
was made to closer collaboration on Canada's heavy water-natural ura-
nium reactor.
.-,J.Costa Rica. The AEC renewed its research contract for another:
. yearAeffective June 1, 1959, with the Inter-American Institute of
Agricultural:�Sciences at.Turrialba :in the amount of $118,000. (End of'
� UNCLASSIFIED section.), .
� �
'11 Denmark (CONFIDENTIAL). Dr. Flemming Juul, Deputy Director- of,,,
the research center, at Ris0,advised the AEC Scientific Representative in
Pariselof-. Danish: concern -over visits of nuclear-propelled ships to Danish
ports;1:1-He�-:referred particularly: to the possibility that the Soviet
� Unionlmay :request 'permission to send the Soviet icebreaker, Lenin, to
Copenhagen without providing: sufficient information on the ship' s:'
reactors to permit Danish authorities to make a safety judgment. Dr.
Juul stated that the N. S. Savannah would be welcome as the Danes
believe that the United States would provide a satisfactory safety"
reporton the ship's reactors prior to requesting permission.- for a
Finland. The Finnish AEC reportedly declined a.Soviet offer of.
a research reactor in return for relocating the Institute of Technology '
tromAielsinki to-Leningrad. '(End - of. CONFIDENTIAL - section. ) : � �;
_ .
-�""
. 1-;ti!Yrance (UNCLASSIFIED). John K. Rouleau will assume new
duties in August as AEC Scientific Representative- in Paris. -
The 1,200 thermal kilowatt TRITON researchireactor ,at Fontenay-. ,
aux-Roses achieved criticality. It will be used". for 'materials testing,
shielding, ,and protection .st4dies.
:.�: � , ; .7 ;-.7.
' Tb.e:French Commissariat,tor .Atomic Energy plana.to request 17
- � tons heavy.,water -fronythe -United States, unden, a lease contract, for
a secOnd heavy water moderated, zero energy, research reactor,to.be .
.'designated Aquilon-II.
- � ; � � ��:
Germany..F5,'.Excavation�began�-.1n 'Hamburg :for Europe t.s.largest
.electron synchrotron. Construction of the 6 billion-electron volt
electron synchrotron will be completed in four years.
, _
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The' fifth German research reactor, the Argonaut-typeten kilo-
watt-reactor near Munich, began operation in June.' Built,by-Siemens
Sch4ckertlierke, and fueled with United States material,"the-reactor'-
vill be used for research in connection with the design of major atomic
power plants.
It
, 'India. A contract between the United States and India was con-
cludedl.or'the lease to Indialof 15 tons of.heavyliater for.Alie in a
-=zerolenergrresearch reactor. This is the first lease of heavy water.
imier-theCoMmissionrpolicvannounced in August 1955 for theaeasel.br"
, sale of heavy water for use-in-research, medical ;Or testing reactors.
(End of UNCLASSIFIED section.)
Indonesia and theThilippines (OFFICIAL'USErONLY). 'Negotiations
ofra) research agreement for,cooperation with Indonesia and an-amendment
.to'I1he4gieement,for cooperation' with the Philippines; have deferred
''. pending the outcome of a review of United States bilateral arrangements
ini''relation-to United States support of the.IAEA. (End of OFFICIAL USE
ONLY section :)'1,'
��� , � r .� �-� � :1, I .
Iraq (uNCLASSIFIED).,, Iraq announced details of its five-year"'
atomic 'energy program. The program includes reopening the' former "clI
',1WgfidadtPact Nuclear Training Center. under the IraqiFAEC, and construc-
tion of;a reactor with Russian materials under thei'supervision-of-Russian
technicians. Thirteen students are to be sent to the U.S.S.R. and an
unqiiecified'number to the West. (End of UNCLASSIFIED sectionj1
� Israel (OFFICIAL USE. ONLY). The-Soviet Ambassador-to Israelis'
reported to have recently offered Israel an experimental reactor but was
informed by the Israelis that they were the reactor
.received'from the United States. (End of OFFICIAL USE ormy section.)'
Japan (UNCLASSIFIED). The National Institute of Radiological
-Sciences opened at Chiba City, near Tokyo. The Institute will study
the: effects' of radiation on humans,' conduct-studies On basic medicine
through the of radioactive materials, and carry out research on
radioactive contamination of natural surroundings.
�
The 'Japanese-Canadian bilateral agreement on peaceful uses of
atomic'energy was signed. The-agreement covers the sale and%purchase
of:reactors,'natural uranium, heavy water, and the) exchange of technical
information.
-14wycl-The-Atomic'Fuel Corporation at Tokai-murte prOduced its first
::uraniumYingot under international' standards. The corporation willlnow
be able-to-supply three tons of ingots for Japan's-first home-made
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research reactor, the JR.R73, to be completed in 1961:.atsTpkai-pura: The
ingots,r,willcbe jproduced from sixtona of crude uranium ore being :,pur7
chasedE'fromfOahada. --!, � ,
August, the Atomic Fuel Corporation plans to beginrefining
uranium ore mined at Ningyo Pass in Japan.
� t I : � -
� -,PPlanacof-R.ikkyo�University.at Yokosuka :have .been approved J'or� a
� 10.02..kiloyatt: Triga-rII type research �reactor to be constructed -by General
Dynami,ca iCorporation : by .1961 .', The American �Episcopal :Church 1sfinanc
ing the.!ree.,ctor.:�4 (End lof) 'UNCLASSIFIED,- section.) v : . �
:Th
'F_,The Netherlands, Italy, and Germany (CONFIDENTIAL)., Considera-
:,tion is cheing .given: by.,ithe AEC!' to propoaed cooperation with .The
;Netherlands; on a ,nuclear-powered f submarine; and-to- exploratory, (1.J.cus,
ipaioneliwith,c-ItalY and. Germany on-the same subject. (End. of CONFIDENTIAL
;:section,4�,./ "!, ' ". ! ' r. ' ;�4!! ,
..!! ') :9 � ?* T , ":
Paraguay (UNCLASSIFIED). The first peaceful atomic :energy;
activities in Paraguay were initiated with the opening in Asuncion of a
course:km the. medical Awes, of,�radioisotopes. TheLlectures and:labora-
tory work are !being :conducted kunder the ;:auspices of -the;
Cultural Mission' to Paraguay and the Brazilian AEC. It� is reportedi,that
..c.f,-..;,Parlaguay,.may now-request an ,Atoms-for-Peace Library..
I-414 � .L� -� :
Heiden. boiling-heavy-water .reactor achievegt-...criti-!
cality. in June and has an initial rated power of 5,000 thermal kilowatts
with-fthe_first �core. -The-second core, is- expected to double this rate.
�
Kingdom.� Sir; Roger Makins, formerly, British Ambassador
to, thk�--,UnitedEStates, has been appointed Chairman of the United. Kingdom
'Atomic-Energy-Authority to succeed Lord Plowden, effective January 1,
;*. ;' s , ,
.:LLIThe aixth United :Kingdom�nuclear Tower station will; be con-
structed.,..at, Dungeness, Kent, on the- southeast coast, at a cost of -
$3.68.6 million. The .atation,yill! have an. initial electrical capacity ,
of approximately 500,000 kilowatts. The reactors to be constructed will
be of 4the. Calder Hall type. Eventually, additional reactors of, the
advanced.,sasr,cooled type may increase the capacity to 1,500,000 kilo-
,watts..rAnJi,nteres.4ing feature, of the station: will be its cross-Channel
link with the. French grid.
The ..United- Kingdom has agreed to discussions,';prior to Chairman
McCones; visit. to the United, Kingdom in October, of. possible arrangements
for cooperation in the high temperature gas-cooled reactor. area.
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-1Rolls-Royce, Ltd. is building an experimental and developmental
plant .at Rawynesway, Derby, to fabricate fuel elements for the Royal
Navy. The first elements will be for the pressurized water reactor of
the Royal Navy's second nuclear-powered submarine. (End of UNCLASSIFIED
section.)
,I - 41-42
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RECEIVED
U. S. .r.O�
OCT 1959
P.m.
�
Mop
4
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