CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN - 1961/02/17

• Document Type: SPECIALCOLLECTION
• Collection: Current/Central Intelligence Bulletin Collection
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): 02000198
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: U
• Document Page Count: 19
• Document Creation Date: August 14, 2020
• Document Release Date: August 27, 2020
• Publication Date: February 17, 1961

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17 February 1961
Copy No.
CENTRAL
INTELLIGENCE
BULLETIN
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CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN
CONTENTS
17 February 1961
Congo: Gizenga forces prepare to invade Ka-
tanga; will be hampered by materiel shortages
and pressure from Mobutu's forces in Equateur.
(Page t)
2. Communist China: Regime forced to slow down
industrialization program. (Page t)
3. TTSSR � nirthra data on Venus probe.
(Page it)
4. Burma: Chinese Nationalist plane shot down over
northeast Burma. (Page ti)
5.
Ceylon: New appointee to Ceylon's UN Security
Council seat has outspokenly pro-Soviet views.
(Page tti)
6. Iraq: Baghdad press attacks Moscow in strong-
est terms since 1958 Iraqi revolution. (Page tit)
7. Union of South Africa; Government anticipates
new native disturbances during Commonwealth
Prime Ministers' Conference in early March.
(Page tit)
8. Western Europe: Adenauer believes "real prog-
ress toward European integration" resulted from
Common Market "summit" meeting on 1041 Feb-
ruary. (Page iv)
9. Addendum to Congo Conclusion of Watch Com-
mittee. (Page iv)
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\\\ CENTRAL
LI
T-OP-SEGRE
INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN
17 February 1961
DAILY BRIEF
*Congo: General Lundula, Gizenga's commander in chief,
has ordered the mobilization of "all units" in preparation for
an invasion of Kata ncr, Province,
Any such move will be hampered by a
lack of fuel and materiel and by the threat from Mobutu's forc-
es in Equateur Province. One outpost in a part of Orientale
Province controlled by Gizenga, apparently without consult- /1""
ing Stanleyville,radioed Moscow that it "will be obliged to as-
sassinate all Belgians."
In Ka--
tanga, Tshombe's forces apparently have reopened the rail line
south of Kamina; they reportedly plan to set up a zone on each
side of the line which would be closed to rebel tribesmen. Press
reports indicate that Tshombe has received three jet training
aircraft of the nine which an American firm has contracted to
deliver from France. The trainers are unarmed but can be
equipped with weapons. The remaining six have not yet received
French export licenses. (Backup, Page 1)
(Map)
Communist China: Recent statements from Peiping rein-
force the previous conclusion that the regime has been forced
to slow down its industrialization program as a result of eco-
nomic dislocation, the withdrawal of Soviet technicians,and a
reduced ability to import industrial equipment. A People's
�tAii
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Daily editorial of 11 February, probably reflecting Peiping's
reduced import capabilities, emphasized the need to pro-
duce domestically complete sets of industrial machinery.
Economic planner Po I-po, perhaps referring to the Soviet-
aided projects, has called for particular attention to finish-
ing partly completed plants, maintaining those already in
operation, and correcting supply "discrepancies" which now
keep these facilities from functioning as complete units. He
implied that new construction would be limited until these
tasks are fulfilled
USSR: Computations based on data acquired in connec-
tion with the Soviet space launching of 12 February (GMT) and
on estimates of Soviet propulsion capabilities tend to support
Moscow's announcements regarding the launching of the Venus
probe. The similarity of this recent operation to the launch-
ings of 10 and 14 October and 4 February indicates that all four
were intended to be solar system probe operations and that
all employed similar if not identical vehicles. The launch-
ings in October probably involved attempted probes to Mars
and the 4 February operation was probably an unsuccessful
Venus shot.
The four Sibir ships in the Pacific which participated in
the operation were returning toward their home port of Petro-
pavlovsk on 14 February.
*Burma: 'Erwo anti-American demonstrations have taken
place in Rangoon in the past two days and feelings will be in-
tensified by the air engagement on 15 February in which three
Burmese fighter aircraft shot down a Chinese Nationalist P4Y
over northeastern Burma. Taipei claims that the
plane was on a reconnaissance mission in connection with fu-
ture supply drops but intends to take the public position that
it was on a "mercy mission" for the relief of Chinese refugees
in the area. This incident, in which one of the Burmese fight-
ers was also destroyed, follows a government-sponsored pre!!)
17 Feb 61
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axpose of new American equipment captured at the former
bases of the irregular
) (Backup, Page 3) (Map)
Ceylon: Tgombo has appointed a. P. Malalasekera, its
ambassador to Moscow during the past four years, as perma-
nent representative to the United Nations, where he will occu-
py Ceylon's seat on the Security Council for the rest of this
ear. Malalasekera was informed
that he would succeed Sir Claude Corea, who
is being relieved, effective 1 April, because of ill health. In
contrast to the moderate Corea, Malalasekera has long been
noted for his outspokenly pro-Soviet views. In his capacity
as an uncommitted member of the Security Council, Ceylon's
representative sometimes plays a mediatincr rnlein behind-
ca orbrancto
iraq: Tne press in tsagnuaa,incluaing a government-
controlled paper, has attacked Radio Moscow in the strong-
est tones since the 1958 Iraqi revolution. The press attack,
which followed Soviet broadcasts in Arabic of 11 February
protesting� the Qasim regime's treatment of Communists, in-
cludes charges that the Soviet Union is interfering in Iraqi
internal affairs and for the first time labeled Iraqi Commu-
nists as Moscow's agents. While this Soviet campaign may
lead Qasim to take additional repressive measures against
Iraqi Communists, they are unlikely to affect Iraq's reliance
on the Soviet Union for military and economic assistance, or
its desire for Soviet diplomatic support on "anti-imperialist"
issues.
Ok-
Union of South Africa: The South African Government
anticipates new native disturbances which may be timed to
coincide with the Commonwealth Prime Ministers' Confer-
ence in early March in London. Such disorders--intended to
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attract world-wide attention to the situation of non-whites
in the Union--would probably center on the rural areas in
the southeastern part of the country where agitators have
been calling for a violent struggle against all whites. Afri-
can exile groups in London also reportedly plan to organize
demonstrations there during the conference. The American
Embassy at Capetown believes that police reserves and troops,
maintained in a state of emergency in the rural section, will
deal ruthlessly with any outbreaks, but there would almost
certainly be international repercussions, probably includin
agitation to expel the Union from the Commonwealth.
(Backup, Page 4)
Western Europe: Rdenauer has said that he believes "real
progress. towards European integration" was made in his talks
with De Gaulle and four other heads of government in Paris on
10-11 February. He said his personal relations with De Gaulle
were restored to their former cordiality, and that he is con-
vinced De Gaulle is now prepared to accept a step-by-step ap-
proach to closer political ties among the six Common Market
countries. Only the Dutch seem to have offered serious oppo-
sition to De Gaulle's concept of political cooperation "..among
national entities," and the language of the communique leans
in the direction of endorsing his idea of "confederation."
Nevertheless, there is likely to be continued argument a-
mong the six over the meaning of "confederation in the high-
level discussions which will take place before the next "sum-
mit" meeting of Common Market countries, now set for 19
Maf. (Backup, Page 6)
. 16 FEBRUARY ADDENDUM TO
CONGO CONCLUSION OF WATCH COMMITTEE
[subsequent to the drafting of the Watch Committee Con-
lusions on 15 February, new information has been receivej)
17 Feb 61
DAILY BRIEF iv
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Gyhich leads to the following additional conclusion on the Congo
situatiolA
@izenga is threatening "war" against Belgium and the
wholesale arrest of its nationals. Should extensive reprisals
against Europeans by Gizenga occur, they could bring Belgian
and possibly other Western rescue operations, which in turn
could be used by the bloc and radical African nationalist states
to justify increased aid to Gizengal
SELECTED INTELLIGENCE
REPORTS AND ESTIMATES
(Available During the Preceding Week)
Initial Bloc Treatment of the New US Administration:
Divergencies Between Moscow and Peking: A Comparative
Study of Moscow, Peking, and European and Far East Satel-
lite Radio Coverage of the Kennedy Administration's First
Two Weeks in Office. F. B. I. So Radio Propaganda Report,
Current Devizlonmpnth SPrieR CD.183. 13ppo 3 February 1961.
Military Build-up in Cuba: Extent of the Sino-Soviet Bloc
Military Collaboration With the Castro Regime, Examination
of the Cuban Military Build-up Since Castro Came to Power,
and the Intentions of the Castro Regime With Regard to This
Build-up; Chronology of Events, January 1959 - January 1961.
Map, Tables, U. S. I. B. Ad Hoc Committee OCT No. 0592/
61-C. 52pp. 9 February 1961.
Supplement to the Military Build-up in Cuba: A Chronol-
ogy of Significant Events Since 18 November 1960. U. SOL B.
Committee Working Paper USIB CWP SC No, 02486-61-D. 12 pp.
9 February 1961.
17 Feb 61 DAILY
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BRIEF
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pome
Brazzaville
Luanda
Atlantic
Ocean
31594 10117
�Gemena
orig
�Bumba
L
INDONESIA
Coquilhatville
TUNISIA
2,600
MALAYA
610'
SUDAN
390
MOBUTU
000
Leopoldv'ile
Thysville
MOROCCO
Approximate area controlled by:
Kasavubu-Mobutu
Gizenga
Kalonji
Tshomb6
United Nations Forces
--- Selected road
Selected railroad
Selected airfield
X Cut railroad
STATUTE MILES 400
I
Ike la..
rt Fra ncqui
GHANA
1,900
Luluabourg
Bak
I I
Luputa
Lake
Albert
Usumbura
Lake
Tanganyika
Basoko
,Opala
LIBERIA
230
IRELAND
655
NIGERIA
ETHIOPIA
600
ETHIOPIA
GIZENGA
7,000
Bukavu
Kongolo
Albertville
amine MOROCCO
1,000
Elisa hville
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Situation in the Congo
Gizenga appealed to the Chinese Communists on 15 Feb-
ruary for "direct military aid of war materials" within 24
hours. He suggested that the Chinese aid be delivered to Stan-
leyville by air via Cairo and Conakry �a route similar to the
Cairo-Accra-Stanleyville route he urged Nasir and Nkrumah
to use in a message of 14 January.
While the Chinese response to this request may not be
entirely negative, Peiping, despite a willingness to help, is
circumscribed by geography as to the amount and kind of aid
it can deliver to the Congo. Last fall, Peiping answered an
earlier, appeal from Gizenga for military help by pointing out
that the Congo was far away and that it would be inappropriate
for China to send volunteers. China did, however, offer
$2,800,000, one quarter of which was transferred to Guinea
and apparently was deposited subsequently with the Bank of
Egypt for the Congolese. Liu Shao-chi, the number two man
in Communist China, on 11 February promised Gizenga that
the Chinese would do their "utmost" to help him but did not
specify what form this aid would take.
Tshombe's troops handled themselves very
well during the recapture of the Kamina rail line) and morale
is very high. They have not yet met a well-orgarlized mil-
itary force, however. The Baluba rebels who surrendered
during the campaign reportedly are being organized into
propaganda cadres which will agitate within the tribe for
complete surrender to the Elisabethville government.
Tshombe allegedly is also being urged by his Belgian ad-
visers to negotiate with Baluba leadersj
[resident Youlou of the Congo (Brazzaville), during his
10-12 February visit to Elisabethville, reportedly agreed to
exchange diplomatic representatives with the Katanga re-
gime. In return, Tshombe allegedly supplied Youlou with a
sum of money possibly as much as $120,000--with which Youlou
can pay personal debts and finance a referendum to install
a strong presidential government in Brazzaville. The violelt3
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Opternational reaction to Lumumba's death will probably force
Youlou to delay announcement of these moves; moreover, he
probably will move cautiously to avoid antagonizing officials
in Leopoldville, with whom he has long had close relationsj
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CHINESE NATIONALISTS IRREGULARS
IN BURMA BORDER AREA
andalay
yingya
Putao
lzu Raze
Pass
Hpimaw�
A CHINESE NATIONALIST IR EGULAS
-- Road
�Jr-4- Railroad
MILES
31501 10117 2
17
Paoshan
hiengmai
INDIA
BURMA
RANGOON
THAILAND
�Ssumao
North
Vietnam
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.1-.;LCKET Sui
Anti-American Sentiment in Burma
The issue of the Chinese Nationalist irregulars in north-
eastern Burma threatens to return US-Burmese relations
to the low point they reached in 1953. At that time the Bur-
mese took the Chinese irregular problem to the United Na-
tions, demanding that the Chinese Nationalist government
be branded an aggressor. Simultaneously Rangoon canceled
American economic aid projects and by implication charged
the United States with tacitly approving Taiwan's resupply of
the irregulars. Only after extended negotiations in Bangkok
and the evacuation of some 7,000 irregulars to Taiwan in
1954 did relations begin to improvs9
Lillie current development comes at a time when many
senioi-pro-Western officers have been removed from influ-
ential army posts for antigovernment plotting, and the US
military aid program in Burma is in jeopardy. The Burmese
and English-language press in Rangoon have claimed that
some of the equipment captured at former bases of the ir-
regulars was more modern than any made available to the
Burmese Army, and newspapers of 15 February carried
pictures of the ICA handclasp symbol, allegedly taken from
an air-dropped box of ammunition. On 15 February some
forty leftists from the Communist-dominated Burma Trade
Union Congress pelted the US Embassy with tomatoes; the
next day some 500 persons gathered there inapro-Lumumba
demonstration. The Burmese police intervened tardily in
both cases.
rmese Vice Chief of Staff Brigadier Aung Gyi is mak-
ing a personal investigation of the shootdown. He is reliably
quoted as saying: "I am afraid of becoming anti-American
in a blind emotional way, and I am afraid the Americans,
assuming that the Burmese have gone into the red Chinese
bloc, will encourage the Thais and Chinese Nationalists to
do anything regardless of American relations with Burma."
Aung Gyi also has mentioned the possibility that Burma may
again take the problem of the irregulars to the United Nations,
in order to prevent the Burma border area from becoming
"another Laos
(aecrer).
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%me _CONFIDENTT
Native Groups Planning Disorders in South Africa
Prime Minister Verwoerd told parliament on 10 Febru=
ary that the government has information that dissident groups
are planning disorders around the time of his trip to London
in early March. Similar demonstrations are being organized
by leftist organizations in London.
In South Africa many of the former leaders of the Afri-
can National Congress such as Chief Luthuli, Doctor Matthews,
and Doctor Zuma have been superseded by younger activists--
often Communist4wiented�who are preaching a doctrine of
violent struggle against the whites
believes that the natives in the rural reserves of the Transkei
and Pondoland in the southeastern part of the country would be
willing to suffer many casualties in order to publicize their
case before the world. The rival native organization--the Pan-
Africanist Congress which was instrumental in organizing the
�Sharpeville demonstrations in late March last year�reported=
ly does not at present plan to foment any trouble in urban areas
of the Union in March but will participate in demonstrations in
London.
Pondoland has been a special security problem for several
months. Tribesmen have refused to pay taxes and have en-
gaged in killings and hut burnings as a protest against the chiefs
appointed by the government under its "Bantustan" policy of
creating self-sufficient native areas. Last December mobile
army troops were sent into the area to reinforce some 300 po-
lice already there and were granted sweeping powers to make
on-the-spot arrests without fear of legal punishment.
a.the Commonwealth prime ministers' conference which
opens in London on 8 March, South Africa hopes to gain Com-
monwealth acceptance in its new status as a republic. Recent-
ly,reports have indicated that it may be successful despite
earlier opposition from several states including Ghana, Ni-
geria, Canada, and Malaya. However, an outbreak of native
rioting, probably leading to African loss of life at the hanfj
CONFIDENTIAL
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CD.A1F�IPE-PvLFf7tt
'imov
af the South African police, might induce several states to
oppose the Union's continued membership in the Common-
wea1t19
CONFII3ENTIA L-
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*aid �CONMEENT-1-A-L-- No,
European Confederation Talks
rihe results of the top-level talks in Paris last week end
on closer political ties among the six Common Market (EEC)
countries were apparently predetermined in large part by
Adenauer's meeting with De Gaulle on 9 February. Accord-
ing to Netherlands Foreign Minister Luns, De Gaulle opened
the "little summit" meeting by renewing his proposals for a
loose European confederation, with provision for quarterly
heads-of-government meetings, ministerial committees for
foreign and cultural affairs, and a permanent secretariat. De
Gaulle also referred to the need for defense coordination, but
did not pursue this poin:D
the subsequent discussion, De Gaulle's proposals were
endorsed by the prime ministers of Italy, Belgium, and Lux-
embourg, and only Luns declared his complete opposition.
Adenauer thereupon also supported De Gaulle and, apparently
to Luns' surprise, took no cognizance of the Dutch opposition.
De Gaulle kept stressing
the necessity for "Europe of the Six" to speak with one voice,
and argued that a "strong Six" would eventually attract East-
ern Europe since "Communism would not last, God is too
high, and the United States too far away." In later discussions,
strong pressures were exerted on Luns by both De Gaulle and
Adenauer, the latter reportedly having observed at one point
that the Netherlands' reservation "at most had deserved only
a few minutes interruption in the historic proceeding]
ale objections by the Dutch reflected in large part their
continuing belief that the creation of new institutions will
weaken the existing institutions of the Common Market, and
that De Gaulle's plans for political cooperation will deepen
the rift between the Common Market and the British-led Out-
er Seven and prove divisive in NATO. They think De Gaulle
still is interested only in a Continental alliance and that his
thinking is based on "unrealistic assessment of the centers
of world power." Dutch concern on these points does not ap-
pear to have been shared to any extent by the others, with the
possible exception of Fanfani. A West German official has
attributed Dutch resistance mainly to a desire to have BritliDi
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'1/440 �CONFIDENTIAL qw4
Gssociated with any political arrangements on the Continent
and to Luns"character."
CAdenauer's optimism about the talks apparently reflects
in part De Gaulle's agreement not to push the idea of defense
coordination at this time as well as ede&oL11
NATO'
The chancellor may also be anticipating that in the high-level
committee which will be discussing concrete measures before
the next "little summit" meeting on 19 May, De Gaulle can be
induced to make further concessions toward a more supra-
national arrangement. The communique itself refers to the
necessity of "laying the basis of a union that will develop pro-
gressively," and pro-integration leaders like Jean Monnet have
argued that confederation should be considered the first sten
deration.
CONFIDENTIAL
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Nft110,4
THE PRESIDENT
The Vice President
Executive Offices of the White House
The Special Assistant for National Security Affairs
The Scientific Adviser to the President
The Director of the Budget
The Director, Office of Civil and Defense Mobilization
The Director, National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Chairman, Board of Consultants on Foreign Intelligence Activities
Executive Secretary, National Security Council
The Department of State
The Secretary of State
The Under Secretary of State
The Director, International Cooperation Administration
The Deputy Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs
The Deputy Under Secretary of State for Administration
The Counselor
The Assistant Secretary of State for Policy Planning
The Director of Intelligence and Research
The Treasury Department
The Secretary of the Treasury
The Department of Defense
The Secretary of Defense
The Deputy Secretary of Defense
The Secretary of the Army
The Secretary of the Navy
The Secretary of the Air Force
The Chairman, The Joint Chiefs of Staff
Chief of Naval Operations, United States Navy
Chief of Staff, United States Air Force
Chief of Staff, United States Army
Commandant, United States Marine Corps
Supreme Allied Commander, Europe
Commander in Chief, Pacific
The Assistant Secretary of Defense (International Security Affairs)
The Assistant to Secretary of Defense (Special Operations)
The Director, The Joint Staff
The Director for Intelligence, The Joint Staff
The Assistant Chief of Staff for Intelligence, Department of Army
The Director of Naval Intelligence, Department of Navy
The Assistant Chief of Staff, Intelligence, Department of the Air Force
The Department of Justice
The Attorney General
The Federal Bureau of Investigation
The Director
The Atomic Energy Commission
The Chairman
The National Security Agency
The Director
The United States Information Agency
The Director
The National Indications Center
The Director
-CONFIDE
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