CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN - 1960/12/12

• Document Type: SPECIALCOLLECTION
• Collection: Current/Central Intelligence Bulletin Collection
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): 02993698
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: U
• Document Page Count: 13
• Document Creation Date: March 17, 2020
• Document Release Date: March 26, 2020
• Publication Date: December 12, 1960

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CENTRAL
INTELLIGENCE
BULLETIN
D.44�'1T NO 3'
NI) MANGE IN CLASS,
I-, DECLASS:F/20
CI VI. CHANGEO Tel: TS S C
HEX� REVIEW WM:4M.
AIIT!.12 NR 70.2
04i JUN 19�C) REVNEWER
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12 DECEMBER 1960
I. THE COMMUNIST BLOC
Moscow Communist meeting's new
"Peace Appeal" sharply attacks colo-
nialism and imperialism as breeding
danger of new war.
II. ASIA-AFRICA
Congo--Colonel Mobutu agrees to forma-
tion of permanent government and reop-
ening of parliament next month if pro-
posed new government is acceptable to
him and Kasavubu.
Algerian rioting forces French Army
troops to act against Moslem demon-
strators.
The situation in Laos.
III. THE WEST
Pressure mounting in Ecuador for estab-
lishing relations with USSR and Commu-
nist China following guarantor powers'
declaration on Ecuadorean-Peruvian
border dispute.
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CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN
12 December 1960
DAILY BRIEF
I. THE COMMUNIST BLOC
International Communism: The second document issued
by the November Moscow meeting of world Communist lead-
ers--a so-called "Peace Appeal"--is similar in form and
content to the Peace Manifesto issued in 1957 at the conclu-
sion of an earlier meeting of world Communists, emphasiz-
ing both their "overwhelming desire for peace" and their be-
lief that war can be prevented. The recent appeal is a pedes-
trian propaganda statement whose calls for "complete and
controlled disarmament," nuclear-free zones, and opposition
to testing of nuclear weapons merely repeat long-standing
Soviet foreign policy themes.
Paralleling some of the ambiguity of the much longer
declarations issued on 6 December, the "Peace Appeal" takes
an aggressive tack on colonialism and imperialism and reit-
erates that war is a continuing danger because of the existence
of imperialism generally. and "American imperialism" specif-
� ically.
IL AM-AFRICA
Congo: tolonel Mobutu reportedly has agreed to the for-
mation of a permanent government and the reopening of par-
iament on 10 January 1961, provided that most members of
arliament are able to reach Leopoldville by then and any pro-
osed government is acceptable to himself and Kasavubuo He
emains contemptuous of Kasavubuts supporters, however, and
ight still try to install a government of his own choosine
Meanwhile, Ghanaian President Nkrumah appears to be at-
tempting to persuade Nasir to leave the UAIt's troops in the Congo.
Nkrumah apparently has secured Nasir's agreement to begin the
formation of an African military command outside the. UN frame-
work, and two Egyptian officers are to be sent to Ghana for this
purpose. (Page 1)
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*Fra,nce-Algeria: Disturbances in Algeria have assumed
critical proportions with thousands of Moslems participating
for the first time. French Army troops have been forced to
act against the Moslems. The French troops had adopted a
"passive" defense against European demonstrators, leaving
the active burden to security police. The European group, who
will be angered by the Moslem action, has appeared poorly or-
ganized but might gain cohesion if either or both of the rightist
leaders Pierre Laaaillarde and General Salan reach Algeria
from Soain..
Laos: Military reinforcementsfor a possible attack on
Vientiane by General Phoumi apparently are continuing to ar-
rive in that area. In the capital itself, an extreme leftist cab-
inet minister, Quinim Pholsena, reportedly has taken charge
of the government in the absence of Souvanna and the remain-
der of his cabinet. Souvanna, now in Phnom Penh, is said by
his associates to be planning to send some cabinet members to
Hanoi, Moscow, and Peiping to seek active support for the neu-
tralization of Laos as formerly proposed by Cambodian chief of
state Prince Sihanouk. Meanwhile,
observed four howitzers approximately equivalent to
US 105-mm. howitzers, being unloaded from two Soviet aircraft
at Vientiane airfield; this materiel, probably the forerunner of
other supplies, may have ben arrarwed forsiuring Quinim Phol-
sena% recent trip to Hanoi. (Page 2)J
III. THE WEST
Ecuador: Anti-US sentiment is increasing in Ecuador and
pressure up for the establishment of relations with the
USSR and Communist China as a result of the 7 December declara-
tion by the guarantor powers of the Rio Protocol. The guarantors
are the United States, Brazil, Chile, and Argentina. The declaration
upheld the validity of the Rio Protocol of 1942, which provides for a
definitive settlement of the border dispute between Ecuador and Peru,
and denied the right of either country to renounce the protocol uni-
laterally. Anti-US fervor has been whipped up by speeches of the
12 Dec 60
DAILY BRIEF ii
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pro-Communist Minister of Government and other extrem-
ists. Foreign Minister Chiriboga told the US ambassador
that he would not be surprised if Cuba shortly sent a "mis-
sion" to Ecuador, and that the US position in Ecuador was
"lost for ten or twenty years." (Page 4)
12 Dec 60
DAILY BRIEF iii
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Situation in the Congo
ISolonel Mobutu, who earlier had threatened to continue
the college of commissioners in office indefinitely as the de
facto cabinet of the Congo, reportedly has agreed to the re-
opening of parliament and the formation of a permanent gov-
ernment on 10 January 1961. He stipulated, however, that
most members of parliament must be in Leopoldville by then
and that any proposed government must be acceptable to him-
self and Kasavubu. At the same time, Mobutu is moving to
confirm his support among Congolese Army officers. He re-
mains contemptuous of Icasavubu's supporters and might stilltry
to install a government of his own choosing. j
Dfl Orientale Province, although the Lumumbist-dominated
government has not implemented its reported threat to behead
some Belgians, tension remains high. The African population
of Stanleyville reportedly has been made extremely anti-white
by Lumumbist propaganda. Whites are also at the mercy of pro-
Lumumba troops, who reportedly retain much of their military
discipline. Forces loyal to Mobutu apparently remain in their
camp across the river from the city and are afraid to interfere.
Meanwhile, Ghanaian Pres:ident Nkrumah has attempted to
persuade Nasir to leave the UAR's troops in the Congo
Nkrumah,
stating that he would not withdraw Ghana's forces, told the am-
bassador on 9 December that withdrawal would mean a "victory
for imperialism." Instead, he urged that troops from the two
countries be the nucleus for a unified African command which
would operate outside the framework of the UN. Nasir appar-
ently has agreed to begin the formation of a unified command,
and two Egyptian officers are to be sent to Accra for this pur-
pose. Although Nasir has urged several Afro-Asian states to
withdraw their forces and has announced that his own will go,
the UAR contingent in northern Congo apparently has not received
orders to leave.
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The Situation in Laos
Vientiane continue
bGeneral Phoumrs forces,
ing their buildup in the area.
which apparently are continu-
the Savannakhet troops under
the command of Phoumi are being organized into three groups
for an attack on the capital from the north, east, and west and
will have two batteries of 105-mm. howitzers for artillery
support. Phoumi is said to be planning his attack on 12 or
13 December, the precise timing dependent on the arrival of
his troops at their positions. Kong Le's forces, who still con-
trol the airfield, apparently have received some artillery
brought in by Soviet aircraft. On 11 December
report they saw four howitzers, approximately equivalent to
US-105s, unloaded from two Soviet planes and towed to an im-
provised gun park within an old aircraft revetment on Vientiane
crQuinim Pholsena, extreme leftist minister of information
in remier SouvannaPhouma's cabinet, is reported to have taken
over the government in Vientiane in the absence of Souvanna
and other cabinet ministers who flew to Phnom Penh, Cambodia,
on 9 December. An 11 December communique of the military
committee that assumed control when Souvanna fled stated that
it had, as of noon, returned all civil and military powers "to
the government"--presumably to Quinim as the remaining min-
ister. Quinim visited Sam Neua on 9 December, probably to
discuss Pathet Lao intentions with Prince Souphanouvong, and
on 10 December made a hurried visit to Hanoi, where he may
have arranged for the supply of artillery and possibly other ma-
teriel to follow
Lin Phnom Penh Souvanna Phouma
lans to remain there for a time but intends to send some
of e cabinet ministers now with him to Hanoi, Moscow, and
Peiping in order to seek support for the plan of Cambodian chiefl
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of state Sihanouk for neutralization of Laos. Souvanna hinted
that his emissaries would also "publicize" Vientiane charges
of US intervention in Laotian affairsj
[Worts are still being made, meanwhile, to convene a
meeting of the National Assembly, a large number of whose
members are now in Savannakhet, for the purpose of taking
steps to establish a new legal government in Laos,
General Phoumi has received a avor-
able preliminary response from King Savang to a plan to hold
such a meeting at an early date in Luang Prabang.-
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� Developments in the Peru-Ecuador Boundary Dispute
Anti-US sentiment and pressures for the establishment
of relations with the Sino-Soviet bloc are building up in Ecua-
dor as a result of the 7 December declaration by the guaran-
tor powers to the 1942 Rio Protocol, which provides for de-
finitive settlement of the long-standing boundary dispute be-
tween Peru and Ecuador. The guarantor powers are the US,
Argentina, Brazil, and Chile; the declaration, which was is-
sued largely because of Ecuador's provocative campaign de-
nouncing the protocol as null and void, upheld its validity and
denied the right of either Peru or Ecuador to denounce it uni-
laterally.
[Although Argentina, Brazil, and Chile have expressed
grave concern over President Irelasco's frequent attacks on
the protocol and have insisted on a firm guarantor position
supporting itzli pro-Communist and other extremist elements
in Ecuador have thus far concentrated most of their attacks on
the US. These attacks include inflammatory speeches and re-
leases by public information media and demonstrations against
the US Embassy in Quito.! In view of earlier Ecuadorean Gov-
ernment warnings that there would be strong anti-US reactions
If the guarantors made any statement upholding the validity of
the protocol,-/ the inadequate security protection provided at
first for thrUS Embassy suggests tacit official approval or
even complicity in the present outbreaks. The pro-Castro anti-
US minister of government, Manuel Araujo, who controls the
police forces and is responsible for maintenance of law and or-
der, reportedly told demonstrators that the US was no friend
of Ecuador and the nation would have to turn to the USSR and
the � Soviet bloc �presumably for support on the border issue and
other types of aid.
he believed the US position in Ecuador was
"lost for ten or twenty years" and also blamed the US for the
declaration., demands from uniden-
tified quarters for the establishment of relations with the USSR
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414.11,
and Communist China and asserted he would not be surprised
if Cuba shortly sent a "mission"' to Ecuador. He had previ-
ously implied that Ecuador could win Cuban and Soviet bloc
support for its case in the UN. president Velasco, whose at-
tacks on the protocol began even-before he took office last
September, has reportedly made a similar threat to ally with
Cuba to win backing forrn Ecuador's position:
Ecuador has
solicited and received expressions of sympathy from Cuba for
Its attitude toward the treaty, which Peru seeks to enforce to
the letter because of its favorable award of territory disputed
for more than a century.
Castro influence in Ecuador is relatively strong, especially
among leftist student, intellectual, and political groups. Ara.ujo,
a strong supporter of Vela,sco, is the key pro-Castro supporter
In the government, although a number of other officials may also
be sympathetic.
Cin Peru, where the declaration is considered a vindication
of the sanctity of treaties and international law, the official and
public reaction has been unanimously favorable and bordering
on elation.7
1.2 Dec 60 CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN Page 5
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''weno" CONFIDENTIAL
THE PRESIDENT
The Vice President
Executive Offices of the White House
Special Assistant for National Security Affairs
Scientific Adviser to the President
Director of the Budget
Director, Office of Civil and Defense Mobilization
Director, National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Special Assistant for Security Operations Coordination
Chairman, Board of Consultants on Foreign Intelligence Activities
Special Assistant for Foreign Economic Policy
Executive Secretary, National Security Council
The Treasury Department
The Secretary of the Treasury
The Department of State
The Secretary of State
The Under Secretary of State
The Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs
The Deputy Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs
The Deputy Under Secretary of State for Administration
The Counselor
Director, International Cooperation Administration
The Director of Intelligence and Research
The Department of Defense
The Secretary of Defense
The Deputy Secretary of Defense
Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs
The Secretary of the Army
The Secretary of the Navy
The Secretary of the Air Force
The Chairman, The Joint Chiefs of Staff
The Director, The Joint Staff
Chief of Staff, United States Army
Chief of Naval Operations, United States Navy
Chief of Staff, United States Air Force
Commandant, United States Marine Corps
Assistant to Secretary of Defense for Special Operations
Director for Intelligence, The Joint Staff
Assistant Chief of Staff for Intelligence, Department of Army
Director of Naval Intelligence, Department of Navy
Assistant Chief of Staff, Intelligence, Department of the Air Force
Supreme Allied Commander, Europe
Commander in Chief, Pacific
The Department of Commerce
The Secretary of Commerce
Federal Bureau of Investigation
The Director
Atomic Energy Commission
The Chairman
National Security Agency
The Director
National Indications Center
The Director
CONFIDENTIAL
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