CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN - 1960/07/27

• Document Type: SPECIALCOLLECTION
• Collection: Current/Central Intelligence Bulletin Collection
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): 03160555
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: U
• Document Page Count: 17
• Document Creation Date: March 17, 2020
• Document Release Date: March 26, 2020
• Publication Date: July 27, 1960

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27 July 1960
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BULLETIN
DOCUMENT NO.023
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27 JULY 1960
I. THE COMMUNIST BLOC
USSR may be entering new phase of anti-
missile development at Kapustin Yar test
range.
Comment on Khrushehev's latest disarma,
ment notes.
Chinese Communist labor delegation in
visit to Japan expected to supplement
guidance to Japanese leftists opposing
security treaty. 0
II. ASIA-AFRICA
Comment on Congo situation.
Disorders continue in Southern Rhodesia.�
Turkey--Military regime planning to
foster viable opposition party to fill
vacuum caused by discrediting Demo-
cratic party.
Burma seeks grant aid from USSR to
develop important waterway.
0
III, THE WEST
� Cuba--Argentine ambassador believes
Castro is "doomed man" who has be-
come prisoner of pro-Communist clique
led by Guevara.
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CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN
27 July 1960
DAILY BRIEF
I. THE COMMUNIST BLOC
USSR: Preparatory activities now in progress on the
Kapustin Yar missile test range indicate that the USSR� may
be entering a new phase of an anti-missile development pro-
gram.
preparations for early resumption of launchings of 7-0-0--
nautical-mile missiles from a down-range point to the 1050-
nautical-mile impact point.
possible work on an anti-missile de-
tection system using the 700-mile missiles as incoming targets;
their resumption now would suggest a new phase of development
work. Information on which to base any conclusion that the So-
viets have or have not fired an anti-missile missile against an
incoming target is entirely too scanty and tenuous.
4,V .����
USSR: Khrushchev's 23-25 July notes and letters to the
Western powers on disarmament are probably intended to off-
set the US initiative in requesting a meeting of the UN Disarma-
ment Commission. For the first time, the new American dis-
armament plan is officially criticized in detail. Denying that
the USSR broke off the talks in the ten-nation committee in order
to avoid discussion of the American proposal, Khrushchev dis-
missed the plan as an attempt to expand US espionage activities
under the guise of disarmament controls. As in his letters of
27 June concerning the breakoff in Geneva, he insists that the
UN General Assembly is the proper forum for future discus-
sion, and implies that the USSR will seek to broaden the compo-
sition of disarmament talks,
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Communist China - Japan: A Chinese Communist labor
delegation, which includes two members of the Chinese Com-
munist party central committee, is expected to visit Japan this
week. It is the first group of Chinese officials to visit Japan in
over two years. It will almost certainly use its stay to offer
IL supplementary guidance to Japanese leftists and Communists
6 on renewed efforts to undercut the security treaty. ObserversLI
in Japan speculate that the Ikeda government may use the visit
to sound out the Chinese on the question of resumption of trade.
(Page 2)
II. ASIA-AFRICA
*Congo: The status of Katanga Province and of Belgian bases
in the Congo has become a major source of friction between UN
,N
and Belgian officials in the Congo. On 25 July, Brussels pro-
tested a press interview by the UN commander, General von Horn,
in which Von Horn "ordered" the evacuation of Belgian armed
/9:1,4-L0t-1) forces from Katanga, Subsequently, Von Horn authorized a mild-
\ er statement in which he nevertheless indicated that UN forces
would shortly move to occupy Katanga.
Brussels continues indecisive concerning the "independent"
Katanga government of Moise Tshombe, and thus far has stopped
short of formal. recognition. UN Secretary General Hammarskj old
will probably seek a Belgian withdrawal from Katanga during his
present visit to the Congo, but a decision by Brussels to recognize
the Tshombe government could presage moves by Belgian forces
to bar the entry of UN forces into Katanga.
(Page 3)
CSouthern Rhodesia: African nationalist rioting at Bulawayo
has continued despite strenuous efforts by 2,000 police and troops.
The Africans, aroused by developments in the Congo, are protest-
ing the arrest last week of several nationalist leaders. The white-
settler, government apparently continues to miscalculate thefl intensi-
ty of African aspirations. The government may be pursuing a tough j'
27 July. 60
DAILY BRIEF
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Lpolicy to convince the European electorate--in advance of pos-
sible parliamentary elections this fall--that the present regime
will defend white interests as stronglv as would the right-wing
opposition party. i(Page. 5)
�[Turkey: The military regime is increasingly concerned over
the poiitical vacuum created by discrediting the Democratic party
� leaders. The National Unity Committee (NUC) is giving priority
� attention to the problem of establishing a political party which
could become a viable opposition to the Republic Peoples' party,
whose influence the committee is apparently trying to limit. The
election date is still undetermined, but most of the committee
now seem to favor 27 May 1961, the anniversary of the coup.
(Page 6)
Burma-USSR: The Burmese Government is asking the Soviet
Union for technical assistance on a grant basis to develop the
Chindwin River, an important waterway in north-central Burma,
and to establish a fertilizer plant. The Soviet Union has coun-
tered with an offer to provide specialists to carry out the prelim-
inary surveys at Burmese expense. Burma's request for grant aid
is a departure from U Nu% preference for loans. His decision may
be a concession to the army, which opposes foreign loans. Under
Ne Win's military regime, most Soviet aid projects were canceled,
largely because of thelTSSR's refusal to shift its technical assistance
from a loan to a grant basis. (Page 7)
III. THE WEST
L!'Cuba: The Argentine ambassador in Cuba, Julio Amoedo,
told Ambassador Bonsai that he fears Fidel Castro is a "doomed
man" and that the situation in Cuba is "hastening to a tragic out-
come in which Castro will be the victim." Amoedo, who has been
the Latin American ambassador closest to Castro and whom Am-
bassador Bonsai regards as a reliable and sympathetic ally of the
US, received this impression during a 23 July conversation with
27 July 60
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astro in the course of which "Che" Guevara unexpectedly ap-
peared. Amoedo feels Castro was unable to speak to him on
the subject for which Castro had summoned him because of the
presence first of acting Foreign Minister Olivares, a pro-
Communist, and later of Guevara. He concludes that Castro
has become the virtal.nrisnnrnf thp p a+ /114diln
headed by Guevara.
27 July 60
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7440,
Moscow Criticizes American Disarmament Plan
Moscow promptly sought to blunt the American initiative
In requesting a meeting of the UN Disarmament Commission
by sending to the Western powers between 23 and 25 July a
series of new letters and notes sharply and apparently some-
what hastily criticizing the American disarmament plan. The
dismissal of the plan as a guise for espionage, together with
the denial that the USSR broke off the Geneva talks to avoid
considering it, suggests that Moscow feels it is in a weak
tactical position for a UN debate. Moscow probably viewed
a detailed official criticism of the American proposals as
part of the necessary groundwork to strengthen its charge
that the Western powers refused to conduct serious negotia-
tions in accordance with the UN General Assembly resolution
calling for complete and general disarmament under effective
control.
In his letter to Macmillan, Ithrushchev distorted the Amer-
ican proposal as rejecting complete disarmament by its "fail-
ure" to provide disarmament measures in the first stage, and
"reducing any agreement to the first stage only." To support
this claim the letters concentrate on such first-stage "omis-
sions" as the lack a proposals for eliminating foreign bases
and troops, liquidating means of delivering nuclear weapons,
or prohibiting the weapons themselves, while ignoring the in-
clusion of provisions for these measures in later stages.
In an effort to make the strongest possible case against
the American plan, Khrushchev's letters discount the proposals
to discontinue production of fissionable materials for weapons
and transfer agreed amounts to stockpiles for peaceful uses.
He claims further that these proposals serve no practical pur-
poses and could easily be evaded.
Moscow has also used the notes to reject, in effect, the
82-nation UN Disarmament Commission as the forum for dis-
cussing future negotiations. As in his 27 June letters to the
Western heads of government, Khrushchev again implies that
the USSR will provoke a dispute over the limited composition
of the ten-nation talks in order to forestall any UN action to
revive that conference as a medium for continuing the talks.
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UNPIDE1V14.1
High-Level. Chinese Communist Labor Delegation to Visit Japan
A high-level Chinese Communist labor delegation is due in
Japan this week to attend a labor federation convention and the
Sixth World Conference Against Atomic and Hydrogen Bombs.
The delegation, the first mainland Chinese group to visit Japan
in over two years, will be headed by Chinese Communist party
central committee members Liu Ning-i and Chen Yu.
The Chinese will almost certainly use their two-week stay
to offer supplementary guidance to Japanese leftists and Commu-
nists on renewed efforts to undercut the security treaty alliance
with the US. Peiping is clearly gratified by recent demonstra-
tions in Japan and has called for the broadest possible united
front for a continuing "struggle" against the treaty. The Chinese
Communists seek close cooperation between Japanese Socialists
and Communists in the antitreaty campaign.
Peiping is reported to regard the Ikeda government as no im-
provement over the Kishi regime, but has not commented publicly
and may be waiting to test Ikeda's statements to the press last week
that he favors resumption of trade with China. The Ikeda govern-
ment may sound out the Chinese delegation on the question of trade.
Peiping, however, has given no indication of relaxing its stand
that trade and political issues must be settled simultaneously and
would reject any attempt by emissaries from Ikeda's Liberal-
Democratic party, to seek an accommodation on trade short of
steps toward recognition.
�
Th&NDNTIL
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Nume
UN Pressing for Total Belgian Evacuation of Congo
Statements purportedly made by General von Horn, com-
mander of the UN forces in the Congo, "ordering" the Belgians
to evacuate Katanga reflect increased friction between UN and
Belgian officials in the Congo. Despite Brussels' protest, Von
Horn on 26 July authorized an amplifying statement that "inde-
pendent" Katanga appeared to be "a part of the Congo problem as
far as the UN is concerned?' His statement suggests that UN
forces will shortly move to occupy Katanga, where order now
is being maintained by Belgian troops invited in by Premier
Tshombe,
Premier Lumumba, in New York, has quoted Secretary Gen-
eral Hammarskjold as assuring him that "there is no question of
an independent Katanga." British Foreign Minister Lloyd, however,
stated on 25 July that it would be a "very grave mistake" for UN
troops to attempt to resolve the breach between the Congo and
Katanga governments. Lloyd's statement notwithstanding, Belgium
will probably be hard pressed to justify its continued presence in
Katanga unless it takes the lead and recognizes the Tshombe gov-
ernment.
Meanwhile, both Premier Lumumba and Congolese spokes-
men in Leopoldville have expressed reservations concerning the
$2 billion Congo development agreement apparently reached with
American financier Edgar. Detwiler. Lumumba characterized the
negotiations as exploratory, while Congolese officials insisted that
no contract was binding until ratified by the cabinet.
The UAR--which in mid-July was urged by the USSR to take
a more active role in the Congo crisis�has informed Lumumba of
its readiness to send "experts and aid" to the Congo and to open
r _anba2ffy in Leopoldville.
Soviet First Deputy Premier Mikoyan told the Iraqi
ambassador in Moscow= also in mid-July�that the outcome of
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the Congo situation would be "a decisive factor" in the African
people's struggle for freedom. Mikoyan said that the success
or failure of the Congolese in consolidating their independence
would determine the future of other liberation movements in
Africa, particularly in Algeria. Representations such as those
to the UAR and Iraq are designed to arouse Afro-Asian opposi-
tion to Western intervention in the Congo; they also appear to
reflect concern among Soviet 'policy makers over developments
there.
The Soviet press and radio are continuing to devote con-
siderable attention to the Congo situation and to claim that the
USSR is prepared to "undertake decisive action," but have dropped
the note of urgency reflected in Soviet statements last week. TASS
has begun to claim credit for the USSR for preventing US interven-
tion in the Congo. Moscow continues to criticize UN officials for
their handling of the situation, particularly for "cooperating" with
Belgian forces and for failing to send UN troops into Katanga.
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Name
LNationalist Disorders in Southern Rhodesia j
)The wave of African nationalist disorders in the self-govern-
ing British colony of Southern Rhodesia has continued into its
third day at Bulawayo following earlier, rioting at Salisbury. The
anti-European demonstrations have included strikes, but most of
the damage has occurred in the African townships, where roving
mobs have attacked property belonging to Europeans and the gov-
ernment. The police have been reinforced with troops and now
number about 2,000. So far they have relied on clubs and tear gas,
and there have been few African casualties. Several hundred Afri-
cans have been arrested..i
7
iThe Bulawayo disturbances are a protest against the ban on
African political meetings enacted after last week's disorders at
Salisbury, during which officials of the National Democratic party
Southern Rhodesia's leading African nationalist organization--were
arrested. However, in both cities the Africans have been aroused
by developments in the Congo.]
CiPrime Minister 1Nhitehead's government has reacted with
�toughness because of a desire to prevent such disturbances from
spreading further. It also hopes to convince the European electorate
that the present government will protect white interests. Whitehead
plans to hold a quick parliamentary election this fall, perhaps in
October, and is concerned that the opposition right-wing Dominion
party is attracting support as the European position crumbles in the
nearby Congo..]
The possibility of widespread violence in the whole Federation
of Rhodesia and Nyasaland is becoming more imminent, in the opin-
ion of the American Consulate General. The officials miscalculate
the strength of African nationalist aspirations and appear willing to
use greater force with more violence to contain each new disorder.
In the process they are antagonizing the Africans and destroying the
desire and ability of moderate African leaders to guide the force of
nationalism.
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Coup Regime in Turkey May Form New Political Party
r,The military, regime in Turkey continues to be concerned
over, the political vacuum that has resulted from the arrest and
discrediting of leaders of the former regime. If national elec-
tions are held within the year, it is doubtful that the former rul-
ing Democratic party could present an opposition force of any
significance.
, The controlling National Unity Committee (NUC) is giving
priority� attention to the problem of producing a viable opposition
party. Most members of the committee agree that the Republican
People's party (RPP) of Ismet Inonu must not be allowed to estab-
lish a one-party dictatorship, and RPP leaders also regard an op-
position party as an essential ingredient of government.
',Although they profess "extreme reluctance," some members
of the NUC apparently believe they may have to form a new party
headed by NUC leaders in order to assure the existence of a two-
party system. NUC members may also be offered temporary or
permanent status in the new Turkish Senate, according to reports
regarding the new constitution. While the NUC would thereby be
guaranteed continuing influence in the government, most NUC mem-
bers are said to view such a proposal with considerable misgiving.
The date for national elections remains undetermined, but
most NUC members favor the first anniversary of the coup =27 May
1961. Meanwhile, interim chief of state General Gursel, other
NUC members, teachers, students, and government officials have
been touring the eastern provinces explaining the aims of the new
regime.
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; Burma Requests Soviet Grants for Economic Development
IThe Burmese Government is asking the Soviet Union to pro-
vide grants for hydroelectric and navigational development of
the Chindwin River, a major waterway in north-central Burma,
and for construction of a fertilizer plant. In response to an 18
May Burmese request for aid, the Russians had offered the
services of specialists, to be paid for by Burma, for prelim-
inary surveys of both projects. Moscow's accession to Burma's
present request for implementation of the projects would pro-
vide an opportunity to revive Soviet economic activities in Burma,
which were drastically cut by former Premier Ne Win in 1959.
When the Soviet Union refused to change its aid projects from
credits to outright grants, Ne Win canceled five of eight programs
then under way.
Burma's current request for grant aid is a sharp departure
from Premier Nu's stated preference for foreign loans, repayable
in Burmese goods. Nu has argued that loans, unlike grants, carry
with them no "strings" or political entanglements. In this instance
the premier probably is yielding to pressures from army leaders,
who are opposed to foreign loans from any source.
The Soviet spokesman who made the offer of specialists had
no authority to discuss either grant aid or proposals of long-term
assistance. However, he agreed to refer the Burmese request to
his embassy and the Soviet Government. Recently Soviet First
Deputy Premier Mikoyan expressed his concern over the level of
economic cooperation and the status of Soviet aid programs in
Burma,
SEC
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vow WWIL
THE PRESIDENT
The Vice President
Executive Offices of the White House
Special Assistant for National Security Affairs
Scientific Adviser to the President
Director of the Budget
Director, Office of Civil and Defense Mobilization
Director, National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Special Assistant for Security Operations Coordination
Chairman, Board of Consultants on Foreign Intelligence Activities
Special Assistant for Foreign Economic Policy
Executive Secretary, National Security Council
The Treasury Department
The Secretary of the Treasury
The Department of State
The Secretary of State
The Under Secretary of State
The Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs
The Deputy Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs
The Deputy Under Secretary of State for Administration
The Counselor
Director, International Cooperation Administration
The Director of Intelligence and Research
The Department of Defense
The Secretary of Defense
The Deputy Secretary of Defense
Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs
The Secretary of the Army
The Secretary of the Navy
The Secretary of the Air Force
The Chairman, The Joint Chiefs of Staff
The Director, The Joint Staff
Chief of Staff, United States Army
Chief of Naval Operations, United States Navy
Chief of Staff, United States Air Force
Commandant, United States Marine Corps
Assistant to Secretary of Defense for Special Operations
Director for Intelligence, The Joint Staff
Assistant Chief of Staff for Intelligence, Department of Army
Director of Naval Intelligence, Department of Navy
Assistant Chief of Staff, Intelligence, Department of the Air Force
Supreme Allied Commander, Europe
Commander in Chief, Pacific
The Department of Commerce
The Secretary of Commerce
Federal Bureau of Investigation
The Director
Atomic Energy Commission
The Chairman
National Security Agency
The Director
National Indications Center
The Director
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