CURRENT INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN - 1957/11/24

• Document Type: SPECIALCOLLECTION
• Collection: Current/Central Intelligence Bulletin Collection
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): 03192685
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: U
• Document Page Count: 10
• Document Creation Date: December 12, 2019
• Document Release Date: December 20, 2019
• Publication Date: November 24, 1957

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Copy No. 13S
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24 November 1957
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CONTENTS
1. COMMUNIST "PEACE MANIFESTO"
2. THE CYPRUS SITUATION
(page 4).
(page 3).
3. MENDER 7147 DIFFICULTY FORMING NEW TURKISH
CABINET (page 5).
4. JAPAN SEEKS ASSOCIATION WITH NATO PROGRAMS
(page 6).
5. ADENAUER CONCERNED OVER INCREASING COST OF NATO
6
COMMITMENT (page 7).
(page 8).
7. GUATEMALAN CRISIS NEARING A CLIMAX
24 Nov 57
(page 9).
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1. COMMUNIST "PEACE MANIFESTO"
Comment on:
The main purpose of the "peace mani-
festo" issued on 22 November by the
representatives of the CommAnist par-
ties of 64 nations apparently was to
prepare the ground for future Sint-Soviet
bloc measures to offset the impact of the December NATO
meeting. While the manifesto's denunciation of American
foreign policy was considerably milder than the attadlcs in
the communiqu�f the 12 Sino-Soviet bloc parties pub-
lished the same day, its central theme was the contrast
between the Communist world's desire for peaceful co-
existence and the aggressive designs of the NATO powers.
The manifesto expressed the "full
confidence" of the Communists that "now it is possible
to prevent war....because the world situation today is
different and the balance of forces has changed." At the
same time, however, it warned that the danger of a "mon-
strous and all-destroying war has not passed" because the
"capitalist monopolies" continue to have a "vested interest
in war. "
The manifesto declared that the Com-
munists have no "motive or reason for launching wars"
and appealed to "all people of good will" to support a, six-
point peaceful coexistence program endorsing the major
themes of Soviet foreign policy.
24 Nov 57
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2, THE CYPRUS SITUATION
Comment on:
On Cyprus, recent acts of violence
may indicate the end of the eight-month period of rela-
tive peace. In addition to increasingly frequent acts of
sabotage and attacks by EOKA. on Greek Cypriot "col-
laborators," there are also indications that tension be-
tween Greek and Turkish Cypriots is growing. Recent
leaflets distributed by EOKA and the Turkish Cypriot
underground organization, VOLKAN, have been highly
inflammatory.
The increased activity by EOKA is
probably based on a desire to retain strict control over
its members and over the Greek Cypriot population, the
recent anti-EOKA successes of British security forces,
and a belief that little is to be gained from the proposed
UN debate on Cyprus. EOKA now
has the capability of engaging in an active campaign of
violence for a period of at least six months.
24 Nov 57
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3. MENDERES HAVING DIFFICULTY FORMING NEW
TURKISH CABINET
Comment on:
Failure to name a new Turkish cabinet
nearly a month after the national elec-
tion indicates that Prime Minister -
designate Menderes is meeting substan-
tial, unexpected opposition within his own party both as to
government policy and membership of the cabinet. The
dissension probably centers around Menderes' strong desire
to take a tough approach toward the opposition and toward
any future defectors from his own party. Twenty-five re-
elected Democratic deputies are already reported to be
considering resignation from the party. Menderes wants
to be able to force such defectors completely out of the
National Assembly.
The moderates, who are apparently
blocking Menderes' attempts to form a new cabinet, may
succeed in obtaining some seats in the cabinet and in gain-
ing a temporary compromise aimed at party harmony.
Once the government is formed, however, Menderes may
be expected to assume firm control of the regime. Menderes
and, to a lesser extent, President Bayar are angered over
opposition attacks both during and Since the election, and
will make every effort to muzzle criticism outside the
assembly. Menderes has already proposed that reporting
on assembly proceedings be limited to the state-operated
radio and the official Anatolia News Agency.
24 Nov 57
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4. JAPAN SEEKS ASSOCIATION WITH NATO PROGRAMS
Comment on:
The Japanese government has informed
Ambassador MacArthur that it is pre-
pared to participate in a program of
greater free world cooperation and hopes
that means can be found to associate Japan with appropriate
aspects of programs developed at the forthcoming NATO
meeting. Japan has requested that the US-Japan security
committee discuss methods by which this cooperation can
be achieved.
Vice Foreign Minister Ohno said Tokyo
must move cautiously and avoid "precipitous action, " be-
cause of limitations imposed by the constitution; the Special
nature of US-Japan security relations, which are still sub-
ject to strong criticism; and, more immediately, the Diet
elections next year.
The Kishi government, which has be-
come increasingly concerned about the adequacy of it$ de-
fense establishment, probably is interested primarily in
any NATO summit agreement on distribution of modern
weapons and exchange of military information. Conserva-
tive leaders and defense officials apparently are seriously
considering a change from a military policy limited to de-
fense of the home islands to one based on a deterrent force
equipped with modern weapons.
Although the government is giving favor-
able consideration to the procurement of ground-to-air and
air-to-air guided missiles, it has provided no indication
that it intends to relax its opposition to the use of nuclear
weapons by either Japanese or American forces in Japan.
24 Nov 57
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5, ADENAUER CONCERNED OVER INCREASING COST
OF NATO COMMITMENT
Comment on:
A member of the West German NATO
delegation told a US delegate in Paris
that Bonn's Annual Review submission
was almost killed by Chancellor Ade-
nauer when he heard that tax increases would be neces-
sary to finance long-range plans. Bonn's NATO repre-
sentative mentioned that the present military budget of
$2.64 billion would increase to $3.6 billion in 1959 and
to $4.32 billion in 1960. Adenauer agreed to submit the
plan only when advisers told him the 1959-60 figures
were not firm.
The US NATO mission in Paris com-
mented that beginning in 1958-59, Bonn's estimated de-
fense contribution will be second only to the United States
in its burden on the economy, Teaching 9 percent of the
gross national product in 1960 and making it increasingly
difficult to balance the budget. The Bonn government has
said that, while itplans to finance these defense expendi-
tures from its own resources, it reserves the right to
ask for external aid.
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7. GUATEMALAN CRISIS NEARING A CLIMAX
Comment on:
The Communist-infiltrated Revolu-
tionary party (PR) plans a three-day
general strike this week if it is not
officially recognized and granted the
right to participate in the 19 Tanuary elections,
Peaceful PR demonstrations by about
3,000 persons in Guatemala City last week failed to achieve
the party's� aim; lithe strike also fails to bring legal,rec-
ognition, the party is believed ready and able to rescirt
to serious violence.
Railroad workers, who have the coun-
try's largest and best organized union and who are respon-
sive to PR leadership, have decided to strike on 25 No-
vember if their wage and other demands are not granted.
Though not related directly to the political situation, the
strike is likely to be exploited by the PR. A PR-led
terroristic zroup within the union is
to plan the murder of American officers
of the United Fruit Company as part of a sabotage and
terror campaign to be launched if the PR is denied legal
recognition.
The decision for or against PR legality
is likely to bring the tension to a climax. Several groups,
ranging from extreme rightists to self-proclaimed moder-
ates, are concurrently plotting to seize the government.
Each claims support from some elements of the divided
army. Decision of the controversial issue might provide
one or more of them with the necessary pretext and the
resulting breakdown of public order could be more seri-
ous than that which followed the abortive election of 20
October.
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