WARSAW PACT AND NATO FORCES

• Document Type: FOIA
• Keywords: WARSAW PACT
• Keywords: POLITICAL ISSUES
• Keywords: MILITARY ISSUES
• Collection: CIA Analysis of the Soviet Navy
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): 0001438760
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: U
• Document Page Count: 17
• Document Creation Date: June 19, 2017
• Document Release Date: June 19, 2017
• Case Number: SC-2007-00006
• Publication Date: June 29, 1981

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MEMORANDUM FOR:
FROM
SUBJECT
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20505
29 June 1981
The Director of Central Intelligence
Max Hugel
Deputy Director for Operations
1. Enclosed is a report. For convenience of
reference by NFIB agencies, the codeword has been
assigned to the product of certain extremely sensitive agent
sources of CIA's Directorate of Operations. The word
is classified and is to be used only
authorized to rea handle this material.
among persons
2. This report must be handled in accordance with
established security procedures. It may not be reproduced for
any purpose. Requests for extra copies of this report or for
utilization of any part of this report in any other form should
be addressed to the originating office.
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Distribution:
The Director of Central
Director of Intelligence and Research
Department of State
The Director, Defense Intelligence Agency
The Assistant to the Chief of Staff for Intelligence
Department of the Army
Director of Naval Intelligence
Department of the Navy
The Assistant Chief of Staff, Intelligence
U. S. Air Force
Director, National Security Agency
Deputy Director of Central Intelligence
Director of the National Foreign Assessment Center
TO RET
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COUNTRY Poland
DATE OF
INFO. 1980
Page 3of 17 Pages:
a /co
Fpf
Intelligence Information Special Report
SUBJECT
DATE 29 June 1981
Warsaw Pact and NATO Naval Forces
SOURCE Documentary
Summary:
This report is a translation of a Polish document entitled
"Appraisal of the Naval Forces of the Potential Enemy" and is
classified SECRET. The report provides information on the navies
of the FRG, Denmark, and Norway, and includes: the current
status of naval, vessels, naval aviation, and command and control
systems; projected vessel strengths; and tactical-technical data
on missile and torpedo craft, submarines, and fighter-bombers.
In addition the report provides detailed information on:
tactical-technical data on WP and NATO missiles
range and lift capacities of FRG and PPR aircraft, and
mines in FRG Danish, and PPR navies.
End of Summary
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APPRAISAL OF NAVAL FORCES OF THE POTENTIAL ENEMY
The Combined Naval Forces of the Baltic Straits and West
Baltic (FRG and Denmark), and--to a small degree--the naval
forces of Norway are considered as potential enemy naval forces.
They consist of a definite majority of modern submarines and also
powerful missiles and reconnaissance aviation. The prevailing
developmental trend consists of further rapid equipping of
assault naval and aviation forces with missiles, automation of
their command and weapons guidance systems, and continuous
modernization of naval aviation.
1. Current status of:
a) Vessels
Since 1970 the numerical strength of potential enemy
assault ships has been essentially maintained at the same level.
However their quality has been undergoing a rapid change and
their combat capability is rapidly increasing. The main reason
for this is that the ships are being outfitted with latest very
low ceiling surface-to-surface missiles (HARPOON, EXOCET,
PENGUIN), high speed long-range light guns (40 and 76-mm BOFORS
and OTO MELARA), long-range (up to 28 km) wire-guided torpedoes
(SEEAAL), and very high-speed (up to 60 knots) 38 cable length
[kbl) range torpedoes (SEESCHLANGE), both torpedoes with
automated guiding systems for combat use.
Missile cutters and submarines, which represent the
highest level of technology and create the greatest threat to us
are the following: 10 Type 143 missile cutters, 20 Type 148
missile cutters (FRG), 10 WILLEMOES-class missile cutters
(Denmark), 18 Type 206 small submarines, and 6 Type 205 small
submarines (FRG).
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The present landing ships of the potential enemy, are
adapted for troop embarkment and landing on shores with
unprepared beaches. The landing ships are characterized by their
simple construction, and their Provisional loading platforms
permit formation of gangplanks for loading and unloading non-TOE
landing equipment, especially landing barges. An estimate of
their regular loading and unloading capacity for landing means
(94 spaces for tanks) reveals that these landing ships are short
of space for debarking troops in brigade strength or larger.
However, the enemy can supplement these needs by regular modern
landing means of other NATO member states, mainly those of Great
Britain, or his own barges and transporters adapted for this
purpose.
The minesweeping and minelaying forces have in practice
began utilizing the TROIKA minesweeping system, and they are also
undergoing a modernization process, which consists of conversion
of 12 LINDAU-class minesweepers to minesweeper-destroyers (FRG).
Two new minelayers of the LINDORMEN-class (Denmark) have also
been put into operation.
b) Aviation
The basic type of aircraft of the naval aviation of the
potential enemy is the F-104 fighter-bomber, armed with KORMORAN
missiles designed for combatting medium and large naval targets.
Furthermore, for searching, ranging, and combatting submarines as
well as for long-range reconnaissance the enemy has also
available 19 BREGUET-ATLANTIC type aircraft (including four for
radioelectronic warfare purposes).
c) Weapons command and control systems
The Bundesmarine forces command relies on the following
three automated systems:
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- MHQ--designed for commanding tactical large naval
units, and also for collecting and displaying information;
- SATIR--designed for commanding destroyers, ensuring
interception and tracking of aerial, surface, and underwater
targets, analysis of the tactical situation, and selection of the
most suitable type of armament for target destruction;
- ACTS--designed for commanding missile cutters,
ensuring display of information on the combat situation
surrounding the ship, and also automatic missile, artillery, and
torpedo guidance.
The three systems mentioned above ensure comprehensive
exchange of information between shore command posts and teams
(groups) of tactical destroyers, missile (torpedo) cutters, and
aircraft with the assistance of LINK radio communications lines,
which are noted for their rapid relay of encrypted data.
The average information transmission
specified systems are as follows:
- MHQ system--1
- SATIR-1 system-7-10 seconds;
^ AGIS. system--10-20 seconds.
times for
the above
2. Estimated probable future status approximately up to
1985):
It is not unlikely that the following forecasts on the naval
forces of the potential enemy are overstated (for reasons of
"publicity"), or understated (for reasons of military secrecy)
since they were compiled on the basis of an analysis of available
publications and statements of individuals in leading NATO
military circles.
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? a) Vessels
The basic aim of the potential enemy in development of
naval forces is to increase the fire range and accuracy by
outfitting ships with improved armaments, observation, and fire
direction systems, and to decrease at the same time their overall
size and number of crew members. An analysis of the naval forces
development program indicates that their role and tasks will
undergo further expansion. On the basis of progress of current
scientific research and experimental projects (in the area of new
ship designs) it can be concluded that in the eighties about
one-half of the surface assault ships will be replaced by new
generation units.
It can be assumed that missile ships and cutters,
jointly with naval aviation and operational helicopters, will
serve as the main assault force of the fleet assigned for
operations in coastal areas and closed seas. Tasks for
submarines will undergo further development and among other
things it will be possible to utilize submarines as minelayers
and carriers of surface-to-air missiles to be launched from a
submerged position (against antisubmarine helicopters). For
development of the landing forces the FRC will in all probability
purchase (or produce under license) American JEFF landing
hovercraft capable of lifting 54 tons.
In accbrdance with plans for development up to 1985 of
naval forces of the potential enemy, the following changes can be
anticipated:
- replacement (by 1984) of the FLETCHER-class and
HAMBURG-class destroyers and KOELN-class frigates with the first
6 multipurpose Type 122 frigates (FRG), and introduction into
operation of 3 or 6 multipurpose NIELS JUEL-class frigates
(Denmark). Each of these ships will have 8 HARPOON
surface-to-surface missile launchers and 8 surface-to-air
short-range missile launchers;
TC>IfiChRT
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- replacement of the remaining ZOBEL-class torpedo
cutters with 10 Type 143A missile cutters (modernized Type 143,
FRG);
?
- replacement of :6 Type 204 submarines (FRG) and 6
NARHVALEN-class and DELFINEN-class submarines (Denmark)--all are
obsolescent--with 12 Type 210 submarines (new FRG design);
- completion of Conversion of 18 .LINDAU-class fleet
minesweepers to 12 mine destroyers (withFrench PAP system) and 6
ships to be utilized as guidance ships for the 'TROIKA system
(FRG).
b) Aviation
The Naval forces of NATO countries attach special
importance to development of assault aviation. It should be
concluded that the tasks of assault aviation will in the near
future be expanded, in comparison with the present period.
The Bundesmarine's basic assault aircraft will be the
TORNADO (MRCA) multipurpose fighter-bomber aircraft, which is to
be introduced as replacements for F-104G and RF-104G. It should
be emphasized that the FRG naval aviation will be the first
within the Bundeswehr to receive this aircraft, one wing atthe
beginning of 1982, and two wings in 1985. There is to be a total
of 112 TORNADO aircraft in the FRG naval aviation.
Helicopters will also play a significant role. After
Type 122 frigates are commissioned, the Bundesmarine will have
SEA LYNX helicopters available for antisubmarine warfare and
reconnaissance purposes, and for launching air-to-surface
missiles. There will be 12 helicopters on 6 frigates.
Modernization is also planned of the ATLANTIC aircraft;
by 1983 they will be equipped with more modern radioelectronic
systems.
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c) Weapons command and control systems
Hand in hand with development of the naval forces,
projects are continued on modernization of command systems. The
FRG fleet command had contemplated Putting into use by the end of
1979 an operational command system for the naval forces; it is
based on the MHQ automated command system. In order to put this
system into use, modernization of command posts is taking place
(for instance in 1978 a new command Post and communications
centers were put into operation in the FLENSBURG-GLUECKSBURG area
for the fleet commander). Equipping ships with combat
information systems (SATIR-1 and II, AGM), satellite apparatus,
and secure rapid-action communications will continue.
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NUMERICAL STRENGTH OF NAVAL VESSELS OF TEE FRG, DENMARK,
AND NORWAY IN 1976-1985 -
Number in
1976-1980
Classification
CLASS
FRG
DEN
1
3
4
Missile
LUTGENS
3
Destroyers
HAMBURG
[MD]
7
Destroyers [D]
FLETCHER
4
P. SKRAM
2
Missile
frigates
OSLO
Type 122
[HF]
KV-72
1
3
KOE1N
6
Frigates
TRITON
3
[incl corvettes]
HVIDEJORNEN
[F]
SLEIPNER
VADSO
6
8
Type 206
18
Submarines
Type 205
6
[SUB]
NARVAHLEN
DELFINEN
Type 207
24
6
Type 143
10
Fast attack
Type 143A
missile craft
Type 148
20
(FANG]
WILLEMES
?10
STORM
SNOGG
HK
30
10
Fast attack
torpedo craft
Type 142
SOLOVEN
10
[FATC1
TJELD
10
6
Large chaser
THETIS
5
Small chaser
DAME
9
In the prospective
ears of 1981-1985
NORW
DEN NOM
Comments
6
8
9
3
7
4
2
3
5
6
5
5
3
6
?
2
1
3
18
6
15
2
4
15
3.5
24
6
15
10
10
20 -
20
6
10
20
8
14
26
40.
10
40*
10
19
6
19
19
10
6
19
9
[*Note: Totals are not accurate in the original.
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1
3
4
5
6
7
8
SCHUETZE
22
Inshore
LINDAU-331B
18
12
minesweepers
TROIKA sys
6
ARIADNE
8
FRAUENLOB
10
10
SURD
8
SAUDA
10
10
M-70
1
1
58
8
11
36
8
11
SACHSENWALD
2
Minelayers
FALSTER
3
3
LINEORMEN
2
2
LANGELAND
1
1
VIDAR
2
2
BORGER
1
3
2
2
6
3
2
9
5
Landing
LW
22
22
craftL.
28
28
LCr
7
SO
7
50
7
Patrol slips
Misc
8
19
13
8
25
22
Minesweepers
Rise
2
7
Oilers (Tankers)
Misc
10
2
12
2
Tender ships
Misc
10
1
1
10
1
1
Supply vessels
Misc
8
3
10
?
Other auxiliary
vessels
Misc
20
12
Rdoelct recon
ships
ALSTER
2
OSTE
1
3
3
9
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BASIC TACTICAL-TECHNICAL DATA ON FAST ATTACK MISSILE CRAFT [FAMC],
FAST ATTACK TORPEDO CRAFT [FATC] AND SUBMARINES CT FRG,- DENMARK, AND NORWAY
Class
Nuaber
Year of
commission
1
2
Type 143 FAME
(FRG)
10
1975/76
Type 148 FAMC
(FRO)
20
1973/75
Type 142 FATC
(FM)
10
1961/63
TB-68
WILLEMOES FAMC
(Denmark)
10
1977/78
SOLOVEN
FATC
(Denmark)
6
1965/67
STORM FAMC
(Norway)
20
1965/68
SNOGGFAMC
6
1970/71
TJELD FATC
19
1960/64
Type 206 sub
(FRS)
18
1975/75
Type 205 sub
(FRG)
6
1963/67
DELFINEN sub
(Denmark)
4
1956/58
Type 207 sub
(Norway)
15
1964/67
Displacement
(t4)
Armament
5
4xML* EXCET
2xTL* 533-1u
SEEALL
2x76-arn OTO MELARA
4xML EXOCET
1x76-nin OTO MELARA
1x40-asa BOFORS
2xTL 5331MISEAL,
2x401en BOFORS .
4iML HARPOON
4xTL 533-mm
1x57-mm BOFORS
4xTL 533-mM
2x40-Min
BOFORS
6xML PENGUIN
1x40 sin
401. PENGUIN
140-mm
2xTL 533-mm
:4xTL 533-sr_
1x40-mm
1x20-em
400
EtIO"
8411533-mm
SEESCHLANGE
8xTL 533-mm
16inines-
592
VW'S
4xTL 533-mm
8xTL 533-am
(*ML ? missile launcher;
TL ? torpedo launcher]
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BASIC TACTICAL -TECHNICAL DATA ON FIGHTER,BOMBER AIRCRAFT
OF FRG, DENMARK, AND NORWAY
Mbdel
Version
On hand
Neroctty
(V)
km/h -'-?
Range (DJ
Radius (R)
km
Armaments
lifting cap
(kg)
Armament
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
MRCA-75
TORONADO
fighter,
fighter-bother,
reconnaissance
FRG
(naval avn
as of 1981)
2,500
D=2,920
6,112 :
4xKOR4ORAN GM,
2xSPARROW (N,
12XMK-82 bombs,
2 rdoelct containers
2x27-mm guns
F-104G
Fighter:
FRG
2,330.'
p.3;s10 "
1,800 -
2xKORCRAN GM,
STARFIGHTER
F-104C, F-10411,
(naval avn),
.
,-,',-
4x.gPARRM GM,
F-104D.
Fighter-bomber:
Denmark,
Norway
,
,R.1,2,25::
3x500-1,000 lb bombs
CF-104, F-104S.
Recon:.RF-104G
F-4E
Fighter-bomber:
FRG
2,550
D04,800
8,20.0'-
6xSPARROW GM,
PHANTOM
F-4A,
F-4C, F-4D
Recon: RF-4B,
RF-4C, RF-4E
-
-
-
4XBULLPUP or
SCHRIKE GM,
24x250-500 lb bombs
J-350
Fighter: J-35A,
Denmark
2,120
D-3,250
1.200,
4xSIDEW1NDER GM,
DRAKEN .
J-35B, J-35F,
Recon: S-35E,
Fighter-Bomber:
R.1,000
'
12x130PORS unguided
rkt , ?
2x500 kg bombs
SAAB-35 ?
F-SA
Fighter-bother:
Norway
1,500 :
1.3,000 '
. 2.800
2aSIDEKINDER Gm,
FREEDOM
FIGHTER
CF-5A, SF-5A,
NF-5A
R.1,400
1x2.000 lb bomb or
2x500 lb boas
Recon: RF-5A
'
F-100D
Fighter-bomber:
Denmark
1,480
D-3,300
:3,400
2xBULLPUP GM,
SUPER
SABRE
F-100F,
F-100C
R.920
4xSIDEW1NDER GM,
6 bombs up to
1,000 lb'
G-91
Fighter-bobber-
FRG
1,075
.-D02,200..
700 .
2xAS-30 GM ,
FIAT
Recon:
R.400
2x250 kg baths
G-91R/1
G-91R/3
G-91R/4
BR-1150
ATLANTIC
ASW, rdoelct
reconnaissance
FRG
naval avn
625
-, D-9,200
200
7,200
depthbombs,
HVAR-unguided rkt,
ASW torpedoes, --
8-10 mines '
P-SC
ORION
Patrol:
P-3A, P-3B
ASW, rdoelct
warfare
Norway
762
- .0.10,000
.8,700
d?h bombs,
8 ASW torpedoes,
13x1,000 lb mines,
6x2,000 lb mines
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BASIC TACTICAL -TECHNICAL.PARAMETPS OF NassIlx A1U'44'114NTS
Warsaw Pact missiles
STANDARD
RIM-66A
'EXOCEI
HARPOON
44-38
Technical-tactical
characteristic's -
P-15
P-20
Rz-61
1
2
3
4
5 -
6
7
SAM
SSM
SSM
SSM
Missile class .
spm
SSM
SAM
SSM
24
110
38
Missile range. -.(km)
40
.. 80
16
15
15
3-15
Flight altitude (m) .-
loo-soo :.
so .
.
700
300
330
Cruising speed (a/Sec)
315
315 '
750-
590
635
720
Launching weight (kg)
2,125
2,560:
959
50
227
150
Warhead weight (kg) -
t
sip
510
70
4.25x0.30
x1.0
4.57x0.343
x0.914
5.1x0.34
x1.0
Dimensions (M)length
x diameter x -ming '
span
5.55x0.76-
x2.40:. .
.
5.95x0.375
x1.192
0.28
' 0.37
0.36
Missile cross section
area (m?)
-1..82.
1.82
0.44
Guidance
beam
Programmed
guidance
Programmed
guidance
Method of guidance':
in flight ..-
ProgradesediProgrammed
guidance.
'guidance
Radio command
guidance bean
Semi-
active
radar
Active
radar
Active
radar
Method Of guidance. -
in homing
Active
radar -
Active
radar
3.0.
5.5
teed zone (km)
8,0
8,0
3.7
-.
up to
1.5..min
Time for: preparing -
missile firing and ,
1Wmiching.data
up to 3 -
min from
the cold;
up to 1
min frCen-
alert
status
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COMPARISON OF BASIC TACTICAL-TECHNICAL PARAMETERS OF
NAVAL VESSEL MISSILE ARMAMENTS OF COMNWEALTAP (FRG AND DENMARK)
AND THOSE OF PPR
A. FLIGHT PROFILE AND RANGE OF MISSILE ARMAMENTS
1.
P-is missile
4.
BXOCET missile
2.
P-20, P-21, and P-22 missiles
5.
HARPOON missile
3.
RZ-61 missile
6.
STANDARD RIM-66A missile
? 113.100-300ta
N.R..60m a)
?--,... -,............................?
-----N...
, 171-15 m ?...
N
**?,,,.,..
1. &
?
1.0 20 30
40
r-
80
NOTE: 1241RE type cutter is equipped with P-20, 21, and 22 missiles
.rttft-SE..CRET
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RANGE AND LIFTING CAPACITY OF AIRCRAFT AND HELICOPTERS
OF FRG AND PPR NAVAL AVIATION
A Lifting capacity (kg)
7500 ATLANTIC
(ASW & recon avn)
(1970-1980)
7000 ?
6500 .
TORNADO (ftr bmr avn) ,(as of 1981)
6000 ,
5500 ?
5000 -
4500 -
4000 -1
3500
3000
MIG-14 (as of 1980)
F-104G
jftr bmr aArif (1970-19810'
2500 ?
2000 -
1500 -
1000
500
LIM-6
ftr as1t av-
(redon
up to
1000 1500
i) (up to 1980)
avn)
1980
4
2000 2S-:00 3000 3500 4000 9000 9500 RANGE (kin)
,
TOP SEET
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TYPES OF MINES AND NUMERICAL QUANTITY
IN THE NAVIES OF THE FRG, DENMARK, AND PPR
noncontact
shallow water
contact
anchor
noncontact
anchor
FRG and DENMARK
in thousands
9
PPR
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contact
anchor
1970 1975 1980 1980 1975 1970
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