(UNTITLED)

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP88-00434R000400980001-5
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 5
• Document Creation Date: January 12, 2017
• Document Release Date: May 17, 2011
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: July 21, 1986
• Content Type: MEMO

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Central Intelligence Agency
21 July 1986
Poland: Politburo and Secretariat Changes of the 10th PZPR Congress
Surhmary
By virtue of personnel changes at the 10th Polish United Workers'
Party (PZPR) Congress on 3 July 1986, First Secretary Wojciech Jaruzelski
strengthened his influence and further consolidated his power base. He
increased the military presence on the Politburo, tightened control of trade
unions, and--by virtue of his commanding performance--made it more
likely that uncooperative local leaders will be purged at provincial party
elections later this year. These changes will have little, if any, impact on
policy because Jaruzelski already had strong support in the Politburo.
This memorandum presents a review of the leadership changes that
occurred during the 10th PZPR Congress.
This memorandum was prepared by USSR-EE Division, Office of
Leadership Analysis. Information available as of July 1986 was used in its
preparation. Comments and queries are welcome and may be directed to the Chief,
Eastern Europe Branch, USSR-EE Division, LDA,
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Prior to the 10th PZPR Congress last month, Wojciech Jaruzelski had done little
during his nearly five years as party First Secretary to put his personal stamp on the
ruling Politburo. Though he had revamped the Secretariat, he had named only two new
full members and four new candidate members to a Politburo that contained 13
holdovers from the previous regime. Having no serious political rivals in that group,
Jaruzeiski may have felt that the status quo presented no obstacle to his ability to carry
out his policies.
At the Congress, Jaruzeiski made substantial changes in the Politburo--not to
gain support for his policies but to show that he was in full control and thereby to
solidify his power base within the party apparatus. The new Politburo is slightly larger
than its predecessor' but the most significant difference is the presence of three of
Jaruzelski's trusted military colleagues--Defense Minister Florian Siwicki, Interior
Minister Czeslaw Kiszczak, and party secretary for internal security Jozef Baryla among
the full members. All three have had long professional associations with Jaruzelski.
Altogether, including Jaruzeiski, four of the 15 full members of the Politburo come from
the military. Coming at a time when the 'military is already prominently represented in
key government positions, these moves indicate that Jaruzelski has decided to ignore
charges from some PZPR officials that the military is too deeply involved in party affairs
and instead to enhance its role in party politics.
Jaruzelski also used the Congress to consolidate his control in the provinces. To
begin with, he reversed the usual pattern of holding provincial elections before the
national congress. In our judgment, he did so because controlling the party
organizations in the provinces has been a problem. His domination of the
Congress--along with the election to candidate Politburo membership of the two most
important provincial party leaders, Janusz Kubasiewicz from Warsaw and Bogumil
Ferensztajn from Katowice--has served both to warn and to coopt the local party
leadership, and it will probably influence the outcome of the provincial elections.
The inclusion of Alfred Miodowicz, chairman of the government-sanctioned
national trade union, as a full Politburo member, in our judgment, shatters any illusions
of trade union independence. On the other hand, we believe the election of three
blue-collar workers--Zygmunt Muranski and Zofia Stepien as full Politburo members and
Gabriela Rembisz as a candidate member--indicates only that Jaruzelski intends to
continue the practice of placing token workers and women on the Politburo.
The number of full Politburo members has been increased from 13 to 15, of whom
nine are new; and the number of candidate (nonvoting) members has been reduced
from six to five, of whom four are new. The membership of the Secretariat has been
increased from nine to ten, but only three of them are new.
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The New Party Hierarchy
of National Salvation (WRON) during the martial law period.
Jozef Baryla. Age 61. A career military officer, he is a strong Jaruzelski loyalist. He
has been the party secretary in charge of internal security since December 1985. Baryla
was a vice minister of national defense and chief of the Main Political Administration of
the Polish Armed Forces during 1980-85. He served as a member of the Military Council
Jan Glowczyk. Age 59. A professional economist, he has been the party secretary
responsible for press and propaganda matters since 1982. He was probably given that
portfolio as a result of his experience as editor in chief of the important economic
weekly Zycie Gospodarcze. Glowczyk had teen a candidate Politburo member since
Czeslaw Kiszczak. Age 60. A career military officer, he is Jaruzelski's right-hand man.
He has served as Minister of Internal Affairs since 1981. Kiszczak had worked in military
counterintelligence for many years
1982. He was a member of the WRON during the martial law period.
provincial party post. He headed the steelworkers union during 1983-84.
Alfred Miodowicz. Age 57. Chairman of the government-sanctioned national trade
union organization since late 1984, he had not previously held any national-level or top
organizational matters since 1981.
Wlodzimierz Mokrzyszczak. Age 47. Considered a moderate,? at the congress he was
also elected chairman of the party's powerful Central Control and Auditing Commission.
He had been a candidate Politburo member and the party secretary in charge of
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In the Polish political context, a moderate is defined as one who sees the need to
tolerate unique Polish political and economic conditions such as a large private
agricultural sector and a strong, independent Roman Catholic Church. A moderate
emphasizes the need for greater democracy in political life by encouraging greater
worker participation in political and economic decision making. A hardliner is one
who believes that Polish Communists should rigidly adhere to the Soviet model and
favors a tough posture toward the regime's opponents such as activist priests and
Solidarity. A hardliner calls for a party monopoly on all political and economic
decision making.
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the only outspoken hardliner.
Zygmunt Muranski. Age 34. A coal mine foreman, he held no national-level nor top
provincial party posts before the congress. He probably replaces Albin Siwak, a
construction foreman, as one of the token "workers" on the Politburo. Siwak was also
Marian Odon Orzechowski. Age 54. A Soviet-trained ideologue and reputed hardliner,
since 1983 and party secretary in charge of ideology during 1981-83.
Foreign Minister since November 1985. He had been a candidate Politburo member
graduate of the Soviet General Staff Academy.
Florian Siwicki. Age 61. A military officer for over 40 years, he is Jaruzelski's closest
friend, confidant, and adviser. He is a devoted Communist who favors a close alliance
with the Soviet Union. Siwicki has been' Minister of National Defense since 1983. He
had previously served as a vice minister of national defense and Chief of Staff of the
Polish Armed Forces for about a decade. He had been a candidate Politburo member
since 1981. He was a member of the WRON during the martial law period. Siwicki is a
party program for the 10th PZPR Congress.
Zofia Stepien. Age 46. An assistant seamstress at a textile plant, she is one of the two
women on the Politburo and the only full member of that body. She was elected a
candidate member of the Central Committee at the last party congress in 1981 and
became a full member in 1984. She was a member of the commission that drafted the
economics in Katowice.
Bogumil Ferensztajn. Age 52. A professional economist, he is a protege of Premier
Zbigniew Messner, Ferensztajn has
been first secretary of the Katowice provincial party committee since 1983. He was
elected a candidate member of the Central Committee in May 1985. Earlier in his career
Ferensztajn was director of an enterprise in Upper Silesia and a party secretary for
and had headed several national-level party departments.
Janusz Kubasiewicz. Age 47. A career party apparatchik, he brings another moderate
voice to the Politburo. He accompanied Jaruzelski to Moscow to attend the congress of
the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) in March 1986. Kubasiewicz has been
first secretary of the powerful Warsaw provincial party committee since November 1985.
Earlier in his career he was first secretary of the Skierniewice provincial party committee
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Jaruzelski's tenure as First Secretary.
Zbigniew Michalek. Age 50. An agriculturalist, he brings technocratic expertise to the
Politburo; he has been the party secretary in charge of agriculture since 1981. Michalek
is one of only two Secretariat members who have served on that body throughout
national-level or top provincial party posts before the congress.
Gabriela Rembisz. Age 49. A foreman at an automobile tire factory, she had held no
Central Committee's Social and Vocational Department.
Stanislaw Ciosek. Age 47. A professional economist, he has held various party and
government posts over the last, 25 years. He handled trade union matters in Jaruzelski's
cabinet for almost six years until February 1986, when he was named director of the
Central Committee in May 1985.
Kazimierz Cypryniak. Age 51. A party apparatchik, he served as the party secretary in
charge of administration during the last few months of former First Secretary Edward
Gierek's regime, but was dropped from both the Central Committee and the Secretariat
in 1981. after Jaruzelski became First Secretary
in October 1981, Cypryniak was elected director of the Central Committee's Organization
Department, a post he still holds. Cypryniak was elected a candidate member of the
1980-81.
Andrzej Wasilewski. Age 57. A professional journalist, he has been director of the
State Publishing Institute since 1967. He has had close party ties for over 30 years and
has headed PZPR organizations within several writers' unions. Wasilewski was a
candidate member of the Central Committee during 1971-80 and a full member during
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