TYURA TAM MISSILE TEST CENTER, USSR

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: NGA Records (Formerly NIMA)
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP78B04560A001700010041-5
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 51
• Document Creation Date: December 28, 2016
• Document Release Date: March 24, 2003
• Sequence Number: 41
• Publication Date: September 1, 1963
• Content Type: REPORT

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01700010041-5
N P I C/R-1440/63
September 1963
TYURA TAM MISSILE TEST CENTER, USSR
Declass Review by
NIMA/DOD
SECRET
GROUP I
Excluded I.om a
dow railing and declnsealica~ion
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This document contains information affecting
the national defense of the United States,
within the meaning of Title 18, sections
793 and 794, of the U.S. Code, as amendod.
Its transmission or revelation of its contents
to or receipt by an unauthorized person is
prohibited by law.
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PHOTOGRAPHIC INTERPRETATION REPORT
TYURA TAM MISSILE TEST CENTER, USSR
NP I C/R-1440/63
September 1963
NATIONAL PHOTOGRAPHIC INTERPRETATION CENTER
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INTRODUCTION .......................................... 1
RANGEHEAD ............................................ 2
Launch Complex A . ... .... ... . . ..... ........ ........ .. . 2
Launch Area ....................................... 2
Launch Support Area .. .............. . ..... . ....... .. .. 9
Launch Complex B ........... ... . .... . ..... .... .. ...... 15
Launch Area ..... .. ............ ..... .... ... ..... 15
Launch Support Area ... .. ..... .. ..... ... . ............. 18
Launch Complex C . .. ...... .. ..... .. ... ... . ............ 18
Launch Area ....................................... 20
Launch Support Area . ...... ... .. ... .. . ..... ..... ... .. . 21
SUPPORT BASE .......................................... 22
Operational Support Facilities .. . . . . ... . . ... .... 22
Communications Facilities .. . .. ... .. . .. ... .. .......... .. 22
Propellant Production and Storage Facility .. ..... . . ... ..... .. 26
Logistical Support Facilities ........ ..... .. ........... ... . 28
Central Support Facility .... .. .. . ..... . .. ....... ...... . 28
Water Treatment, Storage, and Distribution Facilities . ........ .. 28
Transportation Facilities ..... ..... ........ ...... .. ... . 31
Power Production and Distribution Facilities ................. 31
Storage and Construction Support Area ......... ......... .... 33
Administrative Support Facilities .. .. ..... ... ... .......... .. 34
INSTRUMENTATION FACILITIES ...... .. .. .. .................. 34
Rangehead Instrumentation .......... . . . ..... ... ... .. .. .... 34
Instrumentation Sites ..... .. ..... . ..... .. ........ .. ... 35
Instrumentation Control Center ... .. . . ... ........... ..... . 35
Interferometer .. .. .. ........ ... .. ...... .. ........... 37
Downrange Instrumentation Sites ....... . ..... ..... ... .. ... .. 41
Probable Terminal Range Instrumentation ...... ........ ....... 42
Communications Center Near Klyuchi ...... .. .. ............ .. 44
REFERENCES ........................................... 46
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Figure 1. Location of Tura Tam Missile Test Center .... .......... . I
Figure 2. Tyura Tam Missile Test Center ..... . ..... ... ....... 3
Figure 3. Launch Area, Launch Complex A .. ............ . ..... .. 5
Figure 4. Concept of Launch Structure, Launch Complex A ..... .. . .. .. 6
Figure 5. Diagram of Launch Structure, Launch Complex A . ........ .. 7
Figure 6. Launch Support Area, Launch Complex A ...... ... ... .. ... 10 & 11
Figure 7. Concept of Rail-Through Building At Facility No. 1 ... ...... . 12
Figure S. Concept of Road- and Rail-Through Building At Facility No. 2 . . . 12
Figure 9. Launch Complex B ... . . .. . . ... .. . ...... .... ....... 16
Figure 10. Launch Area, Launch Complex B ............ . ...... . . .. 17
Figure 11. Launch Support Area, Launch Complex B .. . .. . ..... ... ... 19
Figure 12. Launch Complex C . ... .. . . ... .... . ..... . ..... . . ... 20
Figure 13. Launch Complex C . ... .. .... ... .. . . ......... ...... 21
Figure 14. Support Base ................. ............... . .. . 23
Figure 15. Communications Area A .. . ... ... . ...... .. ....... ... 24
Figure 16. Communications Area B . .. ... ... . . ..... . . ..... . . . .. 24
Figure 17. Communications Area C . . . ..... .. .......... ... ..... 26
Figure 18. Propellant Production and Storage Facility ...... ... ..... . . 27
Figure 19. Central Support Facility . ....... .. ...... . .... .... . ... 29
Figure 20. Water Treatment Facilities ... . ... .. ........ .. ....... 30
Figure 21. Main Power Plant .... .. ... .. ......... ..... .... .... 32
Figure 22. Storage and Construction Support Area .. . ......... ....... 33
Figure 23. Instrumentation Around Launch Complex A ................ 36
Figure 24. Instrumentation Control Center and Interferometer .......... 37
Figure 25. Downrange Instrumentation ............... ........ ... 39
Figure 26. Probable Terminal Range Instrumentation ................ 41
Figure 27. Instrumentation Site A .. .......... ..... ........ .... 42
Figure 28. Instrumentation Site B . .................... ...... .. 43
Figure 29. Possible Instrumentation Site C ..... ........ ..... ..... 44
Figure 30. Probable Instrumentation Site E ... .. ... ..... .......... 44
Figure 31. Radio Communications Center Near Klyuchi ........ ....... 44
Figure 32. Probable Instrumentation Site D . ... .... ...... ........ . 45
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The Tyura Tam Missile Test Center
(TTMTC), located at 45-55N 63-18E(Figure 1),
was covered by photography in early and in
late
The test center is situated in an area
that permits considerable expansion of facilities.
In fact, during the interval between the first
and last coverage, the Soviets began to expand
the center, particularly the launch facilities.
At the time of the 0 coverages,
one launch complex and the Support Base
were the only components of the TTMTC. By
construction had begun on a second
launch complex, and most of the facilities
under construction at the time of the earlier
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coverage had been completed. The photography
plex was under construction. Heavy cloud
cover, however, precluded determining the
status of the first two launch complexes.
The direction of fire of the TTMTC ap-
parently is to the northeast, and the impact
area apparently is on the Kamchatka Peninsula,
about 3,400 nautical miles (nm) to the northeast.
Some of the downrange instrumentation facilities
were covered by the photography of late II
and the probable terminal range instru-
raphy
0
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Hnondoires and n n nor n s iily
PAKISTAN rhoso recoyniooJ by rho/U. S, Gooeinmenr
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The launch facilities of the TTMTC and
their immediate support facilities are located
generally north of the village of Tyura Tam.
As of 0 they consisted of three
launch complexes in various stages of con-
struction (Figure 2). Launch Complex A,
together with its immediate support facilities,
is located at 45-55N 63-18E. Launch Com-
plex B is located at 46-O1N 63-33E. Launch
Complex C, which was in an early stage of
construction, is located at 45-58N 63-39E.
Other support facilities that service the
entire TTMTC are located along the main road
and rail spur that serve the launch com-
plexes and south of the village of Tyura Tam.
Launch Complex A consists of a launch
area and a launch support area. Analysis of
.the photography of the complex reveals that
all facilities probably were complete at the
time of the lat coverage, in-
dicating that launching and static firing could
have been conducted at that time and for a
limited period before then.
The launch area of Complex A (Figure
3) is enclosed by two parallel security fences
situated 160 feet apart and measures 2,925
by 1,625 feet. Just inside the outer fence and
parallel to it is a series of light poles spaced
120 feet apart, probably used for night security.
Guard towers are located at the four corners
of the launch area and at intervals along the
fence. A security building is situated near
the rail and road entrances to the area.
The single-track rail line that serves the
launch area approaches the launch structure
on a manmade embankment O feet high and
branches into five separate spur lines, four of
which terminate on the launch structure. The
fifth spur leads into a building adjacent to the
launch platform. Several major drainage ditches
crisscross the launch area.
At the eastern end of the launch area
is a pear-shaped pit that measures 880 by 550
feet, the long axis of which is oriented east-
west. The pit (Figures 4 and 5) is excavated
along; two terraced levels and at its deepest
point is Q feet below the launch platform.
The lower terrace is Q feet above the bottom
of the pit. The upper terrace is feet above
the lower terrace and ^ feet below the launch
platform.
A ramp enters the pit from the eastern
end and terminates at the foot of the launch
structure. This ramp provides access to the
pit for maintenance of the pit and the launch
structure.
Some of the earth excavated from the pit
has been piled about 804 feet to the north-
east, within the fenced launch area. The
remainder may have been used to construct
the rail embankment.
At least nine instrumentation and obser-
vation positions can be identified around the
rim of the pit (Figure 3). These positions
face toward the launch structure and generally
are earth covered. Six of the positions are
relatively small and probably house cameras
and instruments. The remaining three are large
observation bunkers. The largest of the three
is served by a covered personnel passageway
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CRATERS
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Railroad
Road
Power Line
Fence
Water Pipeline
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WATER TREATMENT FACILITIES
MAIN POWER PLANT
COMMUNICATIONS AREA B
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from the road and is located along the rim
of the pit at a point 300 feet south of the launch
structure. One of the other two large ob-
servation positions is a long bunker situated
southeast of the launch structure, and the third
is located at the eastern end of the pit. These
positions provide ample close-in instrumen-
tation to support firings at this launch area.
The concrete launch platform (Figures
4 and 5), which overhangs the westernendof the
pit, measures 135 feet square and is Ofeet
above the bottom of the pit. The launch plat-
form is supported by four concrete piers 30
feet wide that are spaced approximately 55
feet apart. The platform itself appears to
be about 10 feet thick.
At the bottom of the pit is a concrete
structure that extends 135 feet beyond the launch
platform. At the forward end and forming a
part of the concrete structure is a sump
measuring 110 by 75 feet. The top of this
sump slopes downward toward the launch struc-
ture at an angle of about Iegrees. Structural
analysis of the sump suggests that it may be
divided into three compartments, the outer two
of which are 0 feet wide and the center one
feet wide. Two concrete-lined trenches
feet wide, F_J feet deep, and 60 feet long
lead from the base of the launch structure
into the two outer compartments of the sump.
At the end of the trenches nearest the launch
structure are two objects that may be sluice-
ways, possibly used for propellant dumping.
The face of the sump closest to the launch
structure is at least 10 feet tall. It is there-
fore probable that a flame deflector is located
under the launch structure at a higher level
than the top of the sump.
A number of objects are located on the
launch platform, many of which cannot be
identified on the photography, because they are
obscured by shadows or are located in the
darkened areas. The most prominent objects
on the launch platform are the service tower,
located near the center of the platform, and
the two 110-foot-high unidentified towers lo-
cated at opposite corners of the platform.
The launch platform is enclosed by a per-
imeter fence or wall and is served by four
rail spurs. One of the rail spurs leads into
the darkened area in the center of the plat-
form. A second spur leads onto the southern
side of the platform. The third spur, which
is centered between the other two, terminates
just beyond the edge of the platform, and the
fourth spur serves the northern part of the
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A pair of rails feet apart, which may
be a gantry-crane track, straddles the rail
spur that leads into the darkened area of the
platform. The service tower, which is situated
over the darkened area in the approximate
center of the platform, is meet high and widens
from 0 feet at the top to a width sufficient
to allow it to travel on the gantry track. The
base of the tower, including the supporting struts,
measures 75 feet across. The four corner
struts that support the tower probably are not
straight but extend vertically from points ap-
proximately ^ feet from the center of the
tower to a height of 25 to 30 feet, then bend
sharply to meet the tower approximately half-
way up. This configuration may facilitate the
movement of equipment in the vicinity of the
tower base.
One of the two 110-foot-high unidentified
towers on the launch platform is located on
the northeast corner on a lip that extends 10
feet out over the pit. The other tower is lo-
cated on the southwest corner of the platform.
These towers have an array on top that is
at least 5 feet wide and 10 feet high.
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NATURAL
DRAINAGE
BASIN
rc
WORKSHOP'
SUPPORT
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BOOSTER PUM PH OU SE
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OBSERVATION
BUNKER
Railroad Trench
Road -- Water Pipe Line (Buried)
-Road (Built-Up) -?-Power Line
n7TMt
- Fence ? Instrumentation Station
SPOIL
LIGHT POLES
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FIGURE 4. CONCEPT OF LAUNCH STRUCTURE, LAUNCH
COMPLEX A.
A line drawn between the two unidentified
towers on the platform bisects the service
tower, and an extension of the line to the south-
west bisects a large interferometer-type in-
strumentation site located in the support area.
An extension of this line to the northeast suggests
the probable azimuth of fire and the alignment
of the test range.
Immediately northwest of the launch plat-
form is a flat-roofed rectangular probable pro-
pellant shed that measures E~y = feet
and= feet high. The shed is open at least
on the north side, where there are six supports
.equally spaced at 0 intervals. The east
end of the shed is protected by an earth em-
bankment, although this would not provide ade-
quate protection from an explosion on the nearby
launch platform. The shed could be used
as an immediate storage point for rail cars
carrying propellant because of the rail line that
enters it. The propellant loading or topping
of an erected missile could be accomplished
from this point by the use of underground
piping. The shed probably is not used as a
missile-hold or temporary storage facility.
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The control bunker for the launch area
is located approximately 600 feet north of the
launch platform (Figure 3). This structure,
which is earth covered, measures 145 by 110
feet, and its top is approximately feet be-
low the level of the launch platform. Ground
has been cleared between the bunker and the
launch platform to provide line of sight, and,
the two were connected by a cable
tray that extended about 200 feet across the
open pit. The bunker is in line with the
service tower and appears to have some in-
struments or objects, possibly periscopes, on
its roof. an additional object or vent
was located at each corner of the bunker,
but 0 that at the northwest corner had
been removed. The northwest corner has also
been identified as the probable personnel
entrance for the bunker. II a new prob-
able cable conduit and passageway had been
constructed. This new conduit apparently
parallels the old cable tray to the point out
over the pit. At that point the new conduit
turns and follows the approximate line of the
upper terrace to the point where it joins the
launch structure. The point at which it joins
the launch structure is approximately 80 feet
above the base of the pit and about 60 feet
below the level of the platform. The new
conduit is supported by several small vertical
pillars, whereas the old tray was unsupported.
A possible covered personnel passageway or
cable line also leads from the bunker south-
ward to the rail embankment near the probable
propellant shed.
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probable cascade facility was built near the
southwest corner of the launch platform. This
facility measures 55 by 40 feet and is positioned
approximately 135 feet from the service tower.
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PROS PROPELLANT
1 SHED
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POSS GANTRY
TRACKS
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TOWER
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'TRENCHES-~/
FIGURE 5. DIAGRAM OF LAUNCH STRUCTURE, LAUNCH COMPLEX A.
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RETAINING WALL \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\~
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PIT BASE
60 SQ
60'
10
FOSS BASE OF
~SUPPO
FLAME DEFLECTOR
PIER
4 \0
RT
2E
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Launch Support Area
The launch support area for Launch Com-
plex A extends for about 2 nm along the rail
spur that serves the complex (Figure 6). The
area contains various operational, technical, and
service facilities.
various additions were made within the area.
(The Instrumentation Control Center, which is
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located within the launch support area but which
may serve the entire TTMTC, is discussed
in the section on instrumentation facilities.)
Operational Facilities. The major items
in this group are two missile assembly and
checkout facilities. Each is fenced and con-
tains a large rail-through assembly and check-
out building. In addition, each appears to have
similar associated water, waste-disposal, and
steam- or heat-producing facilities.
Missile Assembly and Checkout Facility
No 1, the more northerly of the two, is lo-
cated in a fenced area (770 by 545 feet) ad-
jacent to the rail spur leading to the launch
area. Except for the addition of two storage
or shop-type buildings and two small unidenti-
fied buildings, this facility did not change
significantl. A four- 25X1 D
track siding off the main rail spur serves the
area. Three of the tracks pass through the
assembly and checkout building and the fourth
passes to the east of the building (Figure 7)
This building measures 395 by 105 feet and
70 feet high. Several support and shop-type
buildings, including a security buildingmeasur-
ing feet, are located in the southern 25X1 D
and eastern parts of the facility. A tall tower
in diameter is located in the south-
eastern corner of the facility and apparently
is connected with Water Storage Tank Area
A (not shown).
Of the two storage or shop-type build-
ings added to the facility, one, a gable-roofed
building, measures 125 by 35 feet and is lo-
cated to the northeast of the rail-through
building. The other, a hip-roofed building,
measures 160 by 55 feet and is located parallel
to and on the west side of the rail-through
building.
Missile Assembly and Checkout Facility
No 2 is located at the southern end of the sup-
port area. Just north of it is an explosives
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MISSILE ASSEMBLY AND
CHECKOUT FACILITY NO 2
WASTE-DISPOSAL
FACILITY
AIM
Railroad
Road
Fence
Revetment
--- Water Pipeline
Power Line
--- Buried Cable
Buried Tank
500 0 500
c
FEET (APPROX)
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AND HANDLING AREA
STEAM/HEAT
PLANT
POSS COAL
THAWING BLDG
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Sj'OR4GF, FA ILjTY
MOTOR POOL -\~? -~
AND OPEN
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MISSILE ASSEMBLY AND
CHECKOUT FACILITY NO 1
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FIGURE 7. CONCEPT OF RAIL-THROUG BU N
AT FACILITY NO 1.
storage and handling area which appears to be
associated in some manner with the checkout
facility. The assembly and checkout facility
measures 4,400 by 1, 500 feet overall and narrows
to 520 feet at either end. It is double fenced.
The single rail line that serves the facility
passes through the assembly and checkout build-
ing and a siding bypasses the building on the
east side (Figure 8). The siding rejoins the
rail line south of the building. This building,
the only large structure in the facility, measures
210 by 125 feet and has a monitor 175 by 60
feet on its northern end. Its overall height
is approximately 70 feet.
The road serving the facility was sur-
faced I The main road
parallels the assembly and checkout building
on the west and continues to a storage area
approximately 1,400 feet southwest of the build-
ing. A loop road off the main road passes
through the building. The road on each end
of the building has a turning radius of 0
feet. The center area of the road on the north
end is paved with a dark material which has
FIGURE 8. CONCEPT OF ROAD- AND RAIL-
BUILDING AT FACILITY NO 2.
the appearance of asphalt. On each end of
the building are two masts or poles, which
function as lightning rods or as safety guide
poles for rail- or truck-transported loads which
enter or leave the building. These poles are
equidistant on either side of the road and rail
line that pass through the building and are E]
feet apart and 20 feet from the building. A
probable cooling tower, 10 feet square, is lo-
cated approximately 80 feet southwest of the
building. Da circular excavation was
present at this point. Three small revetments
were constructed between be-
tween the security fences approximately 200
feet west-northwest of the large building.
Just south of the drive-through building
are two support-type buildings, one of which
was built between The older
building, located west of the rail line, measures
The other building, located
between the rail line and the siding, measures
50 by 25 feet. Three storage tanks
in diameter, two north and one south of the
drive -through building, were covered with earth
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A probable security
building, which measures 0 feet, is
located west of the rail line as it enters the
area. A water pipeline connecting Assembly
and Checkout Facility No 2 with Water Storage
Tank Area A was also completed between
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The explosives storage and handling area
is fenced and is served by a concrete road0
feet wide. It contains a large, road-served,
revetted concrete pad and a bunker or covered
tank ^ feet in diameter.
present in
The concrete pad, which
feet, is enclosed on three sides by an earthen
revetment.
Also associated with Assembly and Check-
out Facility No 2 is a six-bed waste-disposal
facility, located at the terminus of a drainage
line that originates near the drive-through
building.
Technical Facilities. These facilities sup-
port the technical activities at the launch com-
plex. They consist of a group of centrally
located, road-served fenced compounds which
cover approximately 20 acres. These com-
pounds contain at least 30 buildings of various
sizes, the arrangement of which indicates a
well-planned layout. Included, in addition to
housing for technical personnel, are head-
quarters and laboratory facilities and an un-
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Other housing includes 2 hip-roofed bar-
racks measuring 150 by 45 feet, 6 gable-roofed
barracks which average 150 by 45 feet, and one
hip-roofed building feet. 25X1 D
The headquarters and laboratory facilities
consist of a large C-shaped building measuring
overall, a gable-roofed build- 25X1 D
ing 7__~ feet, a gable-roofed building 25X1 D
120 by 45 feet, a smaller building 35 by 15
feet, and five other structures of various
sizes.
The unidentified technical facility consists
of a gable-roofed building 160 by 55 feet,
a gable-roofed building 50 by 25 feet, and
five smaller various-sized structures.
Service Facilities. These facilities are
those that actually provide service for the
operational and technical facilities in the sup-
port area. They include a rail transloading
point, an initial construction camp, a main-
tenance and storage facility, a personnel housing
and storage area, a vehicle park, and waste-
disposal and power facilities.
The rail transloading point is located about
1,400 feet north of Assembly and Checkout
Facility No 1. it consisted of a structure
feet tall with an inclined conveyer, a trans-
loading building measuring feet,
and several small structures. By L_j the
tall structure and conveyer had been removed,
and a new conveyer had been added to one of
the small buildings northwest of the trans-
loading building.
In the extreme northwest part of the support
area is the initial construction camp.
earth scars and hundreds of former tent bases
were visible from earlier occupancy. The only
permanent structures in the camp were located
near the rail spur. the area had
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area was clean and appeared complete, although
there was room for expansion.
The housing includes five gable-roofed
buildings. Four measure feet and
are paired off and fenced. The fifth is 85
by 55 feet and enclosed by a fence 315 by 140
feet. This larger building is possibly the
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been fenced and encompassed about 60 acres.
The addition of fencing and an athletic field
indicated that the camp was still in use. At
least 25 structures of various sizes were
present in the cam
The maintenance and storage facility, lo-
cated generally between the two assembly and
checkout facilities, is contained within a some-
what triangular area, encompassing about 55
acres, bounded on two sides by rail tracks and
on the third side by a hard-surfaced road.
The facility contains a railroad car repair
shop, a coal-storage yard, a probable water-
pumping station, a combined motor pool and
open-storage area, and a possible vehicle-
maintenance area.
The combined motor pool and open-storage
area, fenced and measuring 500 by 400 feet,
is near the center of the triangular area. It
has three associated buildings. One under
construction is 90 by 55 feet, one is 40 by 20
feet, and the third is 35 by 20 feet. This
area is served by a graded road which curves
to connect with the hard-surfaced road to the
east.
The possible vehicle -maintenance area,
containing a large building 180 by 70 feet,
is near the easternmost corner of the triangular
area. The roof of the building is gabled at
a very slight pitch and is separated by what
appears to be three firewall projections across
the width of the building. The roof is well
vented. This building may be associated with
vehicle maintenance since ii=there were
approximately 20 miscellaneous vehicles parked
nearby. However the building seems unreason-
ably large for this purpose.
A structure 15 feet square and approxi-
mately 20 feet tall is located 35 feet from
the southern end of the building. The top
of the structure appears to be open. Its
relation to the building has not been determined.
West of the large building and near its
north end is a rectangularly shaped stockpile
measuring 210 by 20 feet. The pile arches
and is 25 feet tall at its highest point. The
contents of the stockpile could not be identified.
An L-shaped gable-roofed building is located
280 feet west of the large building.
The personnel housing and storage area
(not shown in Figure 6) is southeast of the
technical facilities. The area encompasses about
137 acres and contains numerous barracks-
type buildings, earth-covered bunkers or pre-
fabricated storage buildings, and warehouse-
type buildings, in addition to motor pool and
maintenance facilities.
The vehicle park (not shown), which is
fenced and measures 525 by 340 feet, is about
600 feet southeast of the Instrumentation Con-
trol Center. The park contains five buildings,
three of which probably are vehicle sheds, and
two earth mounds.
Two waste-disposal facilities serve the sup-
port area. One, near Missile Assembly and
Checkout Facility No 1, consists of six treat-
ment beds with an overall measurement of 650
by 450 feet. A ditch 600 feet long and 35
feet wide extends northward from the perimeter
ditch of the disposal facility.
The second disposal facility, located at the
end of a water pipeline, is associated with
Missile Assembly and Checkout Facility No 2.
It consists of six treatment beds having over-
all dimensions of 350 by 270 feet
A ditch
.
^ feet wide and 860 feet long leads south from
the disposal facility to a drainage pit 150 feet
square.
The power facilities at the launch support
area consist of a substation, a steam/heat
plant, and a steam/power plant. The substation,
which receives power from the main power
plant and distributes it by overhead lines and bur-
ied cables, is fenced. The steam/heat plant is
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located near the entrance to Missile Assembly
and Checkout Facility No 2. It measures Q
feet, has a pile of coal near it, and is
served by a short rail siding over which is
located a possible thawing building, 100 by 25
feet. Although no pipelines are visible between
this plant and the large drive-through building,
it is believed that this plant provides either
steam or heat to the large building.
The steam/power plant may serve the large
drive-through building at Missile Assembly
and Checkout Facility No I in a similar manner,
as well as providing a standby source of power.
Construction of this complex was in an
early stage when it was first identified in
The complex is located
approximately 15 nm northeast of Launch Com-
plex A and is served by a single-track rail
line that branches from the line that serves
Complex A. Paralleling the rail line is a road-
way 25 feet wide
a power line, and
for a water line.
The launch area contains a large pit, a
launch structure, an excavation for a control
bunker, a tanklike structure, a checkout build-
ing, and several miscellaneous features in
varying stages of construction (Figure 10).
the launch area was enclosed by a
single fence, except along the northeast side.
The fenced area is rectangular, measures
4,400 by 1,325 feet, and covers about 135
acres. No guard towers or a security build-
ing are evident. The rail line enters the
area at the southeast end and terminates near
the checkout building, which was under con-
struction~ The rail line probably was
to be extended to the launch structure. The
ditch for the water line terminates at a point
on the rail embankment outside the fenced area.
No communications facilities, land. lines, or
buried cables can be identified.
The pit measures about 600 by 525 feet
and is oriented along a northwest-southeast
axis. It is estimated that at its lowest point
the pit is about 100 feet below ground level.
No terraces, such as those at Complex A,
have been made. A construction road enters
the pit from the northwest edge and leads
to the base of the pit where the launch structure
was being constructed. Three large spoil
piles are located in the immediate vicinity of
the pit. Much of the spoil probably came
from the pit, but some is the result of additional
excavation in the launch area. A conveyer
appeared to be in use on the northeast end
of the pit, leading from the pit through a cut
in the edge to a large spoil pile. One or
two cuts or roadways in the edge of the pit
may have been similarly used.
Vhe launch structure was under
construction near the southeast end of the pit.
Although only one side of the structure can
be measured, it appears to be 110 feet square.
The vertical members, only the front two of
which are visible, are either concrete pillars
or forms for concrete pillars and measure
25 feet square and 65 feet high. The hori-
zontal members, only two of which are visible,
are about 15 feet wide and intersect the vertical
members about 45 feet above the base of the
pit.
A 175-foot-square excavation for a control
bunker is located about 425 feet southwest of
the launch structure and directly opposite the
approximate center of the structure. A large,
dark, unidentified area about 50 by 45 feet
is located on the bottom and near the forward
wall of the excavation. There are no visible
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Railroad
Trail
Excavation
Ditch
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Y-SHAPED
EMBANKMENT
EXCAVATION FOR
CONTROL BUNKER
/ ~- B t 3F * 3t
signs of any connection between the excavation
and the pit or launch structure. The depth
of the excavation cannot be accurately measured.
A large, circular, reinforced, tanklike
structure, approximately 85 feet in diameter
and under construction, is located 250 feet
to the rear of the launch structure. It is
situated in an excavated area about 200 feet
square. The top of the structure, which is
estimated to be 25 feet high, is about at ground
level. The heavy reinforcing which appears
to surround it could indicate that eventually
it will be buried, and, because it is in line
with the launch structure and the checkout
building, lie beneath the projected rail line.
The checkout building, which measures
285 by 70 feet and 75 feet high, is located
about 2,200 feet to the rear of the launch
structure. It is roofed for 110 feet of its
length, and vertical supports are emplaced for
the rest of the building. The rail line has
not yet entered the building, but veers to the
southwest side and terminates.
Miscellaneous items located in and around
the launch area include a Y-shaped earth
embankment, a shallow excavation, and several
long, linear ground scars. The embankment
is near the checkout building at the southeast
end of the launch area. Its overall length
is 1,100 feet. The launch-area fence intersects
the embankment, and most of it falls outside
the fenced area. The function of the embank-
ment is not known.
The shallow excavation is irregular in shape
and located between the tanklike structure and
the checkout building. There is no indication
of its function or ultimate configuration. If
the rail line is extended to the launch structure,
the excavation will lie beneath the tracks. A
shed-type building, 100 by 35 feet, is located
near the excavation. Several long, dark, linear
ground scars or ditches are also located be-
tween the tanklike structure and the check-
out building. A large, dark, unidentified object
is located along the longest scar.
No guidance or instrumentation facilities
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have been identified at the launch area. It
is unlikely at this stage of construction that
these critical items would be emplaced. However,
several such facilities specifically associated
with Launch Complex A could be used in con-
junction with missile firings from Complex B.
Launch Support Area
The launch support area is located about
one nm east of the launch area. The general
area is unfenced and rail served and covers
approximately 135 acres. It consists primarily
of permanent-type housing, fenced and partly
fenced open and covered storage, maintenance
facilities, motor pools, and a construction ma-
terials dump (Figure 11). The area is marked
by considerable track activity, both internally
and between it and the launch area.
The western housing section contains about
25 permanent-type, one- and one-half-story
buildings, eight of which were under construction
Sixteen buildings, which have an
average size of 140 by 55 feet, are arranged
in two groups of eight buildings each. This
area probably houses the construction workers
and such support facilities as those for messing,
administration, and recreation. Because this
area appears to be permanent, it probably is
designed to house the personnel assigned per-
manently to the complex.
The eastern housing section, partly fenced
and measuring 1,450 by 850 feet, is located
on the east side of the rail spur that serves
the support area. The section contains 13
buildings ranging in size from 140 by 85 feet
to 25 by 25 feet. A network of steam lines
connecting the buildings was under construction
I
A storage and construction support facility
is located on either side of the rail spur that
serves the area. It contains piles of unidenti-
fied material, a concrete batching plant with
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a conveyer, and at least ten buildings of various
sizes. Two rail spurs were added to this
area Two fenced motor pools are
in the vicim y.
Open storage is located in a fenced area
900 by 280 feet, east of and adjacent to the
rail spur. Within the area are., stacks of
unidentified materials and two gable-roofed
buildings with an average measurement of 100
by 35 feet. Other fenced open storage areas
are located north of the western housing section.
A quarry, outside the general area served
by rail, is connected by vehicle track to the
launch area. The quarry is located in a rock
outcrop approximately 3,000 feet west of the
launch area. it was only a small
operation and showed no signs of activity.
A revetted storage site located approxi-
mately one nm east of the support area may
be used to store explosives used in construction.
The site is not fenced or otherwise secured
and consists of two roughly rectangular revetted
areas which average 125 by 75 feet. One of
the areas contains a structure about 55 by 30
feet, and the other contains an excavation pos-
sibly for a similar building. There were no
signs of activity at the site.
construction
southeast of Launch
63-3913 (Figure 12).
is located 4.3 nm
Complex B at 45-58N
The rail line serving
the complex is a continuation of that serving
Complex B. The extension continues from the
point where the line to Complex B turns north.
An all-weather road and water line parallel
the rail line. the only sign of
activity to indicate construction of the com-
plex was a single vehicle track that generally
followed the alignment of the future road and
rail line.
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REVETT ED
STORAGE SITE
1 NM _-
LAUNCH
AREA B
\ \
\ \ '
\\
\\
\\
Railroad
Road
- - - - Trail
Fence
--Water Pineline
L s v Steam Line
Building U/C
FIGURE 11. LAUNCH SUPPORT AREA, LAUNCH COMPLEX B.
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STORAGE AND CONSTRUCTION
--,SUPPORT FACILITY
TACK /
~A'THLETIC
FIELD
STEAMI
PLANT
j
\ j'MO TOR
III? \,
\ / POOL
IV
\
\
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The launch site on the eastern side of the
area, designated Launch Site C2, is generally
similar to Launch Site C1, except that there
are nine rather than seven vehicle stalls. All
the stalls have been roofed, and an enclosed
structure with a parapet roof divides them
into two groups -- four on the south and five
The probable control bunker measures L
and has been built in an excavation
sufficiently deep to place the roof below ground
level. A deep trench, possibly for cabling, has
been dug, between the bunker and Site Cl.
A second, shallower trench has been partly
dug between the bunker and Site C2.
Centered between and forward of the launch
sites is a probable missile -ready building under
construction that measures 160 by 45 feet.
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Identifiable within the area are two launch
sites about 1,300 feet apart, under construction,
which probably will be road served; a probable
control bunker; two semiburied tanks under
construction; four possible cylindrical tanks;
and three buildings under construction (Fig-
ure 13). The area is served by a single
rail line that does not appear to serve either
of the launch sites.
The launch site on the western side of
the area, designated Launch Site C1, contains
a structure 50 by 35 feet which is being built
in an excavation approximately 100 feet across.
East of the excavation is another structure 145
by 35 feet which contains 7 vehicle stalls that
vary in width from . Three of
the stalls were being roofed
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a tank 15 feet in diameter was being
buried about 75 feet north of this building.
Southeast of Launch Site Cl is an earth
embankment, 375 by 50 feet, that probably will
support a road to the site. Another earth
embankment, 325 by 50 feet, north of Launch
Site C2 probably will support a road between
the site and the ready building.
Two semiburied tanks meet in diameter
were under construction east of the rail line.
Three tank sections were adjacent to the tanks.
Although no pipeline could be identified, an open
ditch paralleling the rail line may be for a
pipeline to serve these tanks. A small build-
ing north of the tanks probably is a valve house.
The area also contains four possible hori-
zontal cylindrical tanks, each
feet in diameter, and adjacent and parallel to
the rail line. Along the rail line as it enters
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Railroad
Road U/C
Trail
Fence
Ditch
Building U/C
LAUNCH
COMPLEX B
4.3 NM
. Semiburied Tank
o Tank Section
500 0 500 1000
FEET (APPROX)
LAUNCH SUPPORT AREA
POS5 POWER LINE II/C
X
;~ 1 : I f l
sl
SCAR II
czl
-III
11
11
-11 X
MISSILE
ASSEMBLY
AND
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the launch area are two buildings under con-
struction. One of the buildings measures
95 by 35 feet, and the other measures=
eet with a wing
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The extent of the launch support area
was impossible to determine because only a
few buildings and roads were discernible. The
most significant building in the area was a
missile assembly and checkout building, under
construction (Figure 13).
The missile assembly and checkout build-
ing has a monitor roof and measures= by
I AN FH
M 01 JNU
POSSIBLE
LAUNCH AREA I C Il~j
II?
X. - --_. X-iF'- X
The bay on the north side is 30 feet
wide and 40 feet high. The clerestory center
section is 70 feet wide and 60 feet high. The
bay on the south side is 30 feet wide and 25
feet high. The west end of the building ap-
pears to have two doors, each about 20 feet
wide and 40 feet high, that provide access to
the monitored sections. When completed, the
building probably will have rail and road service
at the west end, but no evidence exists of a
rail or roadbed east of the building.
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The area also contains four completed build-
ings, five buildings under construction, and foot-
ings or foundations for three buildings. Of
the completed buildings, two have hip roofs
and measure 80 by 55 feet and two have gable
roofs and measure 160 by 45 feet. The build-
ings under construction range from 160 by 50
feet to 35 by 25 feet.
The support facilities for the TTMTC
have been grouped into three general categories,
regardless of their geographical location, as
follows: operational support facilities, logistical
support facilities, and administrative support
facilities. In some cases, the function of a
particular facility may extend into several cat-
egories; in those cases, the facility has been
included under its primary functional category.
Most of the facilities that support operations
of the TTMTC are located in the Support Base,
which is situated south of Tyura Tam village,
between the Aralsk-Tashkent rail line and the
Syr-Darya (Figures 2 and 14). Support facilities
outside the immediate base area are also treated
in this section.
far the most important of these is the radio
communications system, which includes numer-
ous facilities grouped in three separate areas.
In addition, the TTMTC is served by a possible
mic::owave relay communications system and by
a land-line system that probably includes a
multichannel carrier circuit.
The three primary radio communications
facilities serving the TTMTC have been des-
igna:ed Communications Areas A, B, and
C. Communications Area A is located 5 nm
south of Launch Complex A, and Communi-
cations Areas B and C are located in the
Support Base.
Communications Area A. This area (Fig-
ure 15), a probable transmitting station lo-
cated at 45-50N 63-18E, in =contained
14 rhombic antennas in various stages of con-
struction, two linear stick-mast arrays, and
four single masts, three of which were still
lying: on the ground. By =two new rhombic
antennas had been added, one rhombic had
been removed, and all those under construction
had been completed. Eight additional stick
masts had been erected as had those that
were lying on the ground in = Details
of all rhombic arrays are given in Table 1.
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These facilities consist of communications
facilities, including land lines and microwave
facilities, and the propellant production and
storage facility.
The TTMTC appears to be served by three
communications systems. The largest and by
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_= Road
------ Trail
Fence
Buried Cable
Wire Pattern
-"-- Overhead Power Line
Feed Line
Mast
Poss Tank -
Road
------ Trail
x - Fence
Buried Cable
Wire Pattern
Mast
Buried Tank
FIGURE 15. COMMUNICATIONS AA A. This area covers approximately 225 acres
and measures approximately 2,970 by 2,680
feet. A secondary power line connects the
area with the power substation in the support
area of Launch Complex A. In addition, a
buried cable line, probably part of a wire
Array
No
1**
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
*Approximate.
**Removed sine
Table 1. Orientations and Dimensions of Rhombic Antenna Arrays, Commun.inations Ar
A
e
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Azimuth of
Major Axis
(Degrees)
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
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i MAIN POWER PLANT
PROBABLE
COMMUNICATIONS
CONTROL
CENTER
COMMUNICATIONS
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
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Length of Leng
th of
Ono Side Minor Axis
(Ft) (F C)
Height of
End Masts*
(Ft)
Completed Rhombic Antenna Arrays
Separation of Height of
End Masts Side Masts*
(Ft) (Ft)
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communications system, connects this area with
the key areas of Launch Complex A.
The area contains six buildings, one of
which has two stories and probably is the
transmitter building. This building measures
85 by 55 feet and has a gable roof. The
remaining buildings are all single story and
range in size from 150 by 50 feet tcE=
Three probable buried tanks 30 feet
in diameter and two bunkers, one 40 feet square
and the other T-shaped, constitute the re-
maining structures in the area. The T-shaped
bunker measures 30 by 15 feet for the bar
and 15 feet square for the stem.
Communications Area B. This area, which
is located at 45-38N 63-18E, is fenced and
measures 3,300 by 3,280 feet (Figure 16). It
contains 123 masts arranged in 10 rhombic
arrays (items 1-10), fourType B fishbone arrays
(items A-D) 1/, two 3-mast antenna arrays, one
4-mast antenna array, and three single masts.
Details on the rhombics and fishbones are
given in Table 2. The area also contains
two buildings, one of which is a probable
receiver building, and two possible tanks. In
addition, an associated probable communica-
tions control center for the TTIt4TC is located
just to the north of the area. No apparent
The area is served by an overhead power
line which leads from the main power plant in
the Support Base. An overhead power line also
connects the area with the probable communi-
cations control center.
The probable communications control cen-
ter, approximately 1,200 feet north of Com-
munications Area B, is enclosed by a fence
that measures 470 by 320 feet. The area
contains six buildings ranging in size from
Table 2. Orientations and Dimensions of Antenna Arrays, 0oinniunications Area B
A. Rhombic Antenna Arrays
Azimuth of
Major Axis
(Degrees)
Length of
One Side
(F()
Length of
Minor Axis
(Ft)
Height of
End Mast*
(Ft)
No of Masts at
Each End
Separation of
End Masts
(Ft)
Length of
Major Axis
(Ft)
Azimuth of
Long Axis
(Degrees)
Length of
Long Axis
(Ft)
Length of
Short Axis
(Ft)
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105
105
105
105
Separation of Rows
In Short Axis
(Ft)
Fln-flows Separa tion of Masts
of5 5 In Rows of 3
(Ft) (Ft)
- - - J __ - -
Height of
Side Masts*
(Ft)
Height of
Masts
(Ft)
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to 20 feet square and several
small unidentified structures or objects.
Communications Area C. This area, also
located in the Support Base, in =consisted
of three stick masts and two buildings sur-
rounded by a fence measuring 320 by 310
feet (Figure 17). Both buildings are single
story. One has a gable roof and measures
25X1 D 35 by 25 feet; the other has a flat roof and
25X1
are 75 feet tall and the other, which was re-
moved by " was 55 feet tall.
FIGURE 17. COMMUN/CA TIONS AREA C H-4146 (8/83)
lines in the TTMTC. One of these may carry
a multichannel carrier circuit, and the other
may be used for normal railroad communi-
cations.
Propellant Production and Storage Facility
The Propellant Production and Storage
Facility, located along the rail line serving
the launch facilities, is 4 nm north of Tyura
Tarn village and encompasses about 184 acres
(Figure 18). The facility is served by several
rail transfer points and sidings as well as by
the main road of the TTMTC. It contains
the following main components along the east
side of the rail line: a probable propellant
production plant, an administration and storage
area, and a water storage area. West of
the rail line is a probable propellant tank
car service area.
Administration and Storage Area. This
area measures 300 feet square and appears
to be the oldest in the facility. It contains
seven conventional administration and storage-
type buildings, two probable earth-covered bunk-
ers, and several unidentified structures. Each
of the bunkers measures i and ap-
pears to have a vent, dormer, or entrance at
its western end.
Water Storage Tank Area C. This area
is discussed below with the other water storage
tank areas in the section on the logistical
support facilities.
Propellant Production Plant. The fenced
plant area measures about 1,500 by 700 feet,
has guard towers at the corners, and contains
at least nine major buildings. A rail spur into
Possible Microwave .Relay Communications
Facilities. A series of self-supporting lattice
towers, spaced at intervals of 10 to 50 nm along
the rail line between Novo-Kazalinsk and Kzyl
Orda, indicates a possible microwave relay com-
munications network. Other towers within the
TTMTC may function as a part of this network.
Wire-Line Communications Facilities.
Probable wire lines parallel the Aralsk-Tash-
kent rail line. Two lines of poles parallel
the rail line and apparently connect with other
the plant area was completed
and Irhe spur divides into three spurs
within the fenced area. Along the southern
edge of the area are two buildings, 85 by 40
feet and 60 by 35 feet. A possible cooling
tower or water-treatment building, 60 by 40
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Railroad
Road
Fence
Trench
Water Pipeline
Secondary Power Line
Buried Tank
Tank
RAIL-SERVED FACILITY
UNDER CONSTRUCTION
WATER EFFLUENT
LINE
PROB PROPELLANT
RAIL L PROPELLANT
TANK CARASLEONRVSIC
R A
SIDINGS I
I_ I
ADMINISTRATION
AND STORAGE
AREA
SUPPLEMENTAL
LINE
SECRET
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25X1 the large building had been removed.
These facilities include a central support
facility; water treatment, storage, and dis-
tribution facilities; transportation facilities;
power production and distribution facilities;
and a storage and construction support area.
Central Support Facility
This unfenced facility is located about
9 nra southwest of Launch Complex B and south
of the road, rail line, and water pipeline ditch
which lead to Complex B (Figure 19). It
is served by a rail spur which branches from
the line to Complex B. Approximately 2,000
feet in, the spur divides into two spurs and
forms a V with legs about 2,000 feet long.
Each spur has a short siding. Branching
from the east leg of the V is a possible spur
under construction. No improved road enters
the area, but many unimproved roads and
vehicle tracks are evident.
The facility includes a concrete batching
plant or rock crusher, a gravity-type rail-
car unloading pit with a conveyer, three bulk
transloading buildings, nine buildings of unde-
termined use, and two spherical objects. Sup-
plies in open storage are scattered through-
out the area.
North of the facility three short ditches
branch from the water pipeline ditch to Com-
plex B, cross the roadway, and apparently
pass under the rail line. Neither the purpose
nor any further extension of these ditches
is apparent.
Water Treatment, Storage, and Distribution
Facilities
The complete water system for the TTMTC
appears to consist of two water treatment
facilities, a probable water purification plant,
four water storage areas, and four major dis-
25X1 D
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feet and located north of the larger building,
appears to be the point of origin of a water
effluent line that probably passes under the
main rail line and discharges soon thereafter.
East of this building is a possible admini-
stration building measuring feet.
A long narrow building, feet, is lo-
cated about 150 feet northwest of the admini-
stration building and 200 feet south of the main
production building.
The main production building, which is en-
closed by a second fence, is situated at the
end of a large water line and a secondary
power line. The building measures 145 by
70 feet and is= feet high. The building has
two sections, the taller of which is 0 by
The high-bay section appears to be
divided into six or more separate subdivisions.
Near each end of the west side of the build-
ing is a shedlike structure or concrete load-
ing dock leading to the rail spur.
West of the main production building and
adjacent to the rail line is a possible rail-
transfer or storage building that measures
feet. East of the main production
building are a possible generator building, Q
by feet, and a deep excavation,
feet, which may be the foundation for a pro-
pellant-storage building. About 100 feet south-
southeast of the main production building is
an earth-covered storage bunker shaped like
a truncated pyramid and measuring 45 by 35
feet. Two buried tanks,
in diameter, are adjacent to the bunker.
Along the main rail line to the west of
the probable propellant production plant are
three rail sidings approximately 2,000 feet in
length that probably constitute a propellant
tank car service area. In O the area con-
tained a flat-roofed rail-served building Q
by feet and two smaller buildings. By
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Road
Trail
Water Pipeline
Earth Cut
Earth Mound
NCB
~UN~t1OT
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tribution lines. A series of seven identical
pumping stations is located along the pipeline
that leads to the Rangehead.
Water Treatment Facilities. Two treat-
ment facilities are located in a fenced area
southeast of the village of Tyura Tam (Figure
20). One (Facility A) is located on lowland
near the Syr-Darya. A major pipeline from
this facility terminates at Tyura Tam village
and another at Launch Complex A, respectively.
The second facility (B) is located on the bluff
above Facility A and is connected by pipe-
lines to the main power plant and to Launch
Complex B.
25X1 B
25X1 B
Water Storage Facilities. The TTMTC
contains four water storage tank areas (labeled
A, B, C, and D): one associated with Com-
plex A, one associated with Communications
WATER
TREATMENT
FACILITY A
FIGURE 20. WATER TREATMENT FACILITIES.
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V.1 II IC
Buried Tank
? Tank
Ditch
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Area A, one associated with the Propellant
Production and Storage Facility, and one as-
sociated with the base support area near Tyura
'I am village. Water Storage Tank Area A
is fenced and contains a valve house; and
two earth-covered storage tanks ^ feet in
diameter, two 45 feet in diameter, and two
0 feet in diameter. Water Storage Tank
Area B is located 2,500 feet west of Com-
munications Area A and contains two earth-
covered storage tanks 55 feet in diameter and
possibly two semiburied tanks. Water Storage
Tank Area C is in the area of the Propellant
Production and Storage Facility (Figure 18)
and contains two tanks 35 feet in diameter in
a fenced area on top of a small hill, and a
pumphouse measuring I , located
375 feet northwest of the tanks. Two small
25X1 D buildings and a tank E] feet in diameter were
removed from the area between
fied building that were located 4,000 feet west
of the classification yard in appear to
be abandoned.
The only air facility at the TTMTC is
located 2 nm northwest of the Administration
and Housing Area. The airfield consists of
a blacktop runway 3,815 by 140 feet, a black-
top taxiway 965 by 35 feet, and a hardstand
1,540 by 210 feet paralleling the runway. A
service
taxiway.
75 feet
apron 155 by 100 feet is adjacent to the
Two helicopter pads, approximately
in diameter, are cast of the aircraft
feet and
Two buildings,
The main power plant and the steam/power
plant at Launch Complex A probably are capable
of supplying power to sustain operations at
the TTMTC. The Aralsk-Tashkent power grid
and mobile power units could supply supple-
mentary or emergency power.
The main power plant (Figure 21) is served
by a rail line that branches from the main
line and passes through the Storage and Con-
struction Support Area. The rail line branches
into eight spurs, seven of which enter the power
plant. The power plant is enclosed by a
solid fence that measures 1,340 by 1,100 feet.
The area contains a power building, a con-
trol building, a coaling tower, a coal pre-
heating building, a pumphouse, and several
additional features.
The power building consists of a boiler-
house 140 by 95 feet, a generator hall 140
by 75 feet, and a transformer section 140 by
30 feet. A longitudinal section, ~eet,
extends the full length of the east side of the
building. Three induced-draft ducts indicate
that there probably are three boilers.
Water Storage Tank Area D is within the fence
that encloses Water Treatment Facility A (Fig-
ure 20). It consists of four buried tanks 65
feet in diameter, a probable pumphouse, and
three other buildings. This storage area may
supply water for the Administration and Housing
Area and the Storage and Construction Support
Area.
Transportation Facilities
The Aralsk-Tashkent rail line provides the
primary access to the TTMTC. Railroad shops,
a classification yard, and a passenger station
located along the main rail line north of Tyura
Tam village constitute the major rail facilities
of the TTMTC. The classification yard, ap-
proximately 3,200 feet long and 12 tracks wide,
is located immediately north of Tyura Tam
village and 2,500 feet west of the junction of
the main line with the line running north
to the Rangehead. A single-track wye turn-
around, two car-repair shops, and an unidenti-
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I l
f .ROAD U/C
ROAD U/C> _
r
IIII
f. 'V1 ill linm (1 .111 1Annitr
PUMPHOUSE
am-WALL
COAL PREHEATING
BLDG
J
IIIIIIhI) ,
WATER STORAGE BASIN 4400'
n Ce
Water Pipeline (Buried)
Power Line
Ditch
3 Buried Tank
Road... v~ \ TANKS
- `WALL
- ~- Fe
- Railroad [ ow -L'
4-
ull11!II Illn!IIIIIII=
A coal yard north of the preheating build-
ing contains a single rail spur with a gravity-
type coal trestle approximately 300 feet long.
The spur extends approximately 190 feet beyond
the fence. The coal preheating building measures
about 320 by 45 feet and is entered by a rail spur.
The coaling tower, 95 by 35 feet, is con-
'/II HI.II!fil!I!1i~41~
nected with the power building by a conveyer,
325 by 10 feet. Two buried tanks, 25 feet in
diameter, located in a walled enclosure north-
east of the coaling tower are serviced by a
pumphouse 35 by 20 feet. Buried pipelines
lead to the coaling tower, to a building 210
by 40 feet that is west of the coaling tower,
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and probably to the coal preheating building.
The boilerhouse is served by a water
storage basin 4,400 feet to the west which is
connected to the river by a ditch.
The power substation and steam/power plant
at Launch Complex A are discussed in con-
junction with that facility.
Storage and Construction Support Area
This area, located southwest of Tyura Tam
village, is rail served and is divided into numer -
-~--Railroad
Road
-- Fence
Main Power Line
Secondary Power Line
Light Poles
Water Pipeline
Tank
Open Storage
ous separately fenced sections (Figure 22).
It contains a variety of open and covered
storage and transshipment/warehouse-type
buildings. In addition to small warehouse,
shop, and open storage sections, the area con-
tains the following more important components.
A fenced probable fuel storage section,
located immediately west of the eastern spur
serving the area, measures approximately 540
by 410 feet and contains 43 probable fuel
tanks. Immediately south along the rail spur
STORAGE AND
CONSTRUCTION
SUPPORT AREA
SECRET
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is an open storage section which in
25X1 C
capable of handling heavy machinery and
material. It measures 195 by 85 feet overall;
the monitor section measures only 165 by
45 feet. The monitor may define the limits
of an overhead traveling crane.
25X1 D
25X1 D
contained 15 stacks of unidentified material.
These stacks varied in length from 55 to 85
feet and were about 15 feet wide. Between
1 1, a new rail siding was con-
structed to serve this section.
Farther south along the rail spur, within
a fenced area measuring 1,800 by 1,250 feet,
is a warehouse section containing 35 build-
ings of various sizes. Four rail sidings from
the rail line that serves the main power plant
terminate in this section. A fifth siding ter-
minates in a fenced area 190 by 155 feet
located south of the warehouse section.
A bulk fuel storage section containing two
large earth-mounded structures and several
smaller features is centrally located in the
support area. The larger structures probably
are mounded fuel tanks and are shaped like
truncated cones. They measure 110 feet across
the base and 55 feet across the top. Two fuel
tanks=feet in diameter, a large earth mound
660 by 45 feet, and four miscellaneous build-
ings are also present.
A large monitor-roof shop building located
in the south-central portion of the support
area probably is the only building in the area
ADMINISTRATIVE SUPPORT FACILITIES
The main administration and housing area of
the TTMTC is located in the Support Base near
the Syr-Darya and approximately 2 nm south
of the Aralsk-Tashkent rail line. The area
covers approximately 460 acres and contains
at least 257 buildings, 50 of which are ad-
ministration-type, 132 housing-type, and the re-
maining 75 either storage or shop-type struc-
tures. Fourteen buildings under construction
in 1959 probably are administration type. The
total floor space of the completed buildings
in the area is approximately 1,608,000 square
feet. Additional housing is provided in the
support areas of each of the complexes for
personnel employed on site.
A new section of Tyura Tam village is
located south of the classification yard and
consists of 7 small fenced areas and 20 build-
ings. The old village is adjacent to the new
section and consists of old mud huts.
A direction of fire to the northeast (40
degrees) is considered to be the probable
primary direction of fire because the largest
downrange instrumentation stations, as well as
the interferometer and the instrumentation con-
trol center, appear to be located primarily
in relation to this direction. In addition, a
projection of the 40-degree azimuth from Com-
plex A passes through the instrumentation facil-
ities on Kamchatka Peninsula. These facilities
are similar and in some instances identical
with those found in the Rangehead and probably
constitute the terminal range facilities.
RANGEHEAD INSTRUMENTATION
At least 13 instrumentation sites, including
the Instrumentation Control Center and the in-
terferometer, are located in the immediate
vicinity of Complex A (Figure 23). The pattern
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Another radial pattern is located 130 feet south-
west of the mast, but no mast can be identified.
An instrumentation site (item 7) consist-
ing of a large mound and three unidentified
objects, which probably are instruments, is
located east-southeast of the launch area.
An instrumentation site (item 8) consist-
ing of a probable building and three unidenti-
fied objects is located southeast of the launch
area.
An instrumentation site (item 9) consist-
ing of one object, possibly a van, measuring
25X1 B
25X1 B
25X1 D
and arrangement of these sites are consistent
with an instrumentation layout designed to
provide both optical and electronic coverage of
the launching and powered-flight phases of
missile firings from this complex.
area. Possible types of equipment include high-
speed cameras, electronic velocity - measure -
ment devices, and telemetry receivers. The
following is a description of 11 instrumentation
sites, that is, exclusive of the Instrumentation
Control Center and the interferometer, which
are treated separately.
Instrumentation Sites
The major instrumentation site (Figure 23,
item 1), located 15,050 feet west of the launch
platform, consists of two buildings, one bunker,
three 30-foot masts, and several unidentified
objects. Buried cable lines appear to connect
this site with other key areas of Complex A.
Six camera stations (item 2) are located
within 450 feet of the launch platform.
An instrumentation site (item 3) consisting
of a pit, two mounds, and three unidentified
objects is located north-northwest of the launch
area.
An instrumentation site (item 4) consist-
ing of a- circular object ^ feet in diameter
-25X1 D and^feet high, two mounds, and an unidenti-
25X1 D
25X1 D
25X1 D
fied objects feet square is located north-
northeast of the launch area.
A possible instrumentation site (item 5)
consisting of a possible building II feet
and two unidentified objects^feet in diameter
is located northeast of the launch area. Buried
cable lines appear to connect this site with
facilities near the center of the launch area.
A possible mast (item 6) with a counter-
poise is located southeast of the launch area.
feet, is located southeast of the launch
area.
An instrumentation site (item 10) consist-
ing of a circular. object, possibly an instrument,
10 feet in diameter and ^ feet high, is lo-
cated south-southwest of the launch area.
A possible instrumentation site (item 11)
consisting of two pits that are possible instru-
mentation positions, is located south -southeast
of the launch area.
two sites located southeast of
the launch area were fenced and seemed to
bear some relation to the interferometer. By
however, both sites appeared to have
been abandoned.
Unidentified lines of parallel earth scars
appear to enclose Complex A and pass near
several of the instrumentation sites. Although
the purpose of these scars cannot be deter-
mined, they possibly serve either as a per-
imeter network of cables or as a perimeter
access or patrol road.
Instrumentation Control Center
The Instrumentation Control Center (Fig-
ure 24) is located approximately 4,680 feet
southwest of the launch platform at Complex
A. The overall size of the center was ap-
25X1 C I
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25X1 D
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INSTRUMENTATION
CONTROL CENTER
FIGURE 23. INSTRUMENTATION AROUND LAUNCH COMPLEX A.
Road
----- Trail
Fence
Buried Cable
Parallel Scars
Mound
T_(AP PR . -XI
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AZIMUTH C--"' TO \
RADOMES
DIAM
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90001 DIAM
--SUBSTATION
STICK
MASTS
I I
1,160 by 640 feet, includes eight major build-
ings, a large probable bunker, severalinstru-
25X1 D
25X1D
ments, and miscellaneous objects.
a large possible tracking antenna
was added. Cables connect the center with
the interferometer, the launch area, the down-
range instrumentation sites and a point near
the power substation. One of the buildings
in the area has a 20-foot-diameter dome on
the roof.
Road
- Fence
Bunker
Buried Cable
U/I Object
a second radome is positioned 20 feet in from
the ends of the northwest and southwest legs.
A line projected from the center of the "plus"
through the launch platform is oriented on an
25X1
. This is 25X1 D
generally consistent with the probable primary
direction of fire to the Kamchatka Peninsula.
An earth-covered bunker, 20 feet wide, with
an entrance on the southwest side, is located
near the center of the "plus." A buried cable
connects this hunker with a smaller bunker
located just outside the circumferential earth
scar, 540 feet to the southeast. A second
cable connects the center bunker with the In-
strumentation Control Center.
Interferometer
The interferometer (Figure 24), located
1,140 feet west-northwest of the Instrumentation
Control Center, contains six radomes connected
by buried cables forming a "plus" configuration
within a cleared circular area 1,000 feet in
diameter. The cleared area is surrounded by
25X1 D
The radomes are approximately ^ feet in
diameter. One radome is located at the end
of each of the four legs of the "plus," at a
point 195 feet from the center. In addition,
Fifteen instrumentation sites have been
identified downrange from the Rangehead (Figure
25). Although Sites 1 through 9 are located south
of the Rangehead, they are included in this section
because they are believed to constitute a part
of the overall instrumentation of the TTMTC.
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INSTRUMENTATION
BUILDING
BUILDING j
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The largest and apparently most significant
sites -- Sites 14 and 15 -- probably are the
major downrange instrumentation control cen-
ters. A line bisecting the angle formed by
the Instrumentation Control Center and Sites
14 and 15 is oriented on an azimuth of 40
25X1 D degrees, 0 the probable primary di-
rection of fire. Table 3 gives pertinent data
Distance
(nm)
Azimuth *
(dog) (min)
63-15E Consists of 3 prob bldgs & 3 u/i objects
63-02E Consists of lattice tower 85' high
63-19E Consists of one small bldg
63-16E Consists of 2 small bldgs
63-27E Consists of 2 small prob bldgs
63-23E Consists of one small bldg
25X1 D
35 x 30', & 2 u/i objects. A prob
instrument is 435' NW of the en-
closure. Buried cable connects
site with Instrumentation Control
Center.
25X1 D
45-29N
45-42N
45-45N
45-44N
45-45N
45-46N
45-47N
45-51N
46-OON
45-59N
25X1 C
on Sites 1-13.
Site 14, a major downrange instrumentation
center, is located approximately 60 nm north
of Complex A. It is situated within a fenced
enclosure that measures 765 by 640 feet and con-
tains 17 buildings of various sizes. The most
significant structures within the enclosure are
two domes, one each on the roof of two build-
63-14E Consists of irregularly shaped area
containing one small bldg and one
small u/i object. Approx 2,550' S
is an area containing a lattice tower
and 2 poss observation towers
63-20E Consists of 2 small bldgs 1,800 feet
apart
63-23E Consists of one small bldg
63-17E Consists of one small bldg
63-16E Consists of 3 small bldgs
& 2 small u/i objects
63-16E Consists of a poss radar &
assoc tower, one small bldg,
a small earth mound, & two
small u/i objects
63-15E; Consists of a fenced area measuring
435 x 325' and includes a bldg
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DOWNRANGE
INSTRUMENTATION
CONTROL
CENTER
Railroad
--- Buried Cable
25X1 C
FIGURE 25. DOWNRANGE INSTRUME
ings. These domes are about 60 feet above
ground level. Another building has a possible
dome on its roof. Several probable instru-
ments also are located within the fenced en-
closure. About 1,000 feet north of the fenced
area, at the terminus of a short dirt road,
is an associated instrumentation station con-
sisting of a building with a dome on the roof
and four adjacent probable instruments arranged
in a semicircle. More than 2,000 feet north-
northwest of the fenced enclosure are two
isolated instruments, each served by a dirt
road. A sod landing strip, 740 by 100 feet,
is located east of the fenced enclosure.
Site 15 is located approximately 68 nm
northeast of Complex A. It consists of two
fenced enclosures, several unfenced buildings
with associated instruments, and an airstrip
NPIC/R-1440/63
25X1
3,600 feet long. The larger of the two en-
closed areas measures 700 by 440 feet overall
and contains several buildings and unidentified
objects. The smaller enclosure, which measures
1.90 by 120 feet, contains seven unidentified
objects. Outside the fenced areas are two
identical buildings or possible dome-covered 25X1 D
instruments and three other possible instru-
ments, each in diameter.
PROBABLE TERMINAL RANGE INSTRUMENTATION
Five sites identified in the Uka/Yelovka
area of the Kamchatka Peninsula (Figure 26)
probably constitute a part of the terminal
range instrumentation of the TTMTC. The
sites are located about 3,400 nm from the
Rangehead in relatively isolated areas. Two
of the sites are in the heavily forested moun-
tainous area northeast of Yelovka. The re-
maining three are situated along the coast of
the Bering Sea.
Instrumentation Site A (Figure 27) is lo-
cated at 57-51N 162-05U, 8 nm north of
Uka. It consists of an interferometer, a
fenced instrumentation area, an unfenced sup-
port area, an airstrip, and a self-supporting
lattice tower.
The interferometer is almost identical with
that in the Rangehead. It has two bunkers and
six radomes, each approximately ^ feet in
diameter, positioned similarly to those at the
Rangehead interferometer. The length of each
leg is approximately 200 feet. The bunker
located near the center of the interferometer
feet and is connected by
cable to the second bunker, which is in the
same relative position as the second bunker
at the Rangehead interferometer. The in-
strumentation area is enclosed by a fence
measuring 1,100 by 665 feet. The area con-
tains approximately 20 structures, including a
dome with a diameter of 110 feet and a build-
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ing with a 20-foot dome on its roof. The
support area contains approximately 62 build-
ings. West of the support and instrumentation
areas is an airstrip with a 6,300-foot run-
way. The self-supporting lattice tower, 270
feet high, is positioned 3,000 feet west of the
instrumentation area, and the two are con-
nected by ground scars.
Instrumentation Site B (Figure 28) is lo-
cated at 56-57N 161-15E, 9 nm east-north-
east of Yelovka and 60 nm south-southwest of
Instrumentation Site A. It consists of an in-
terferometer and an instrumentation and sup-
port area. The interferometer is similar to that
in the Rangehead in that it has six radomes and
two bunkers in the same relative positions. The
length of each leg of the "plus" is approximately
200 feet. The instrumentation and support area
contains approximately 16 structures, including
a building with a 20-foot dome similar to those
at the Instrumentation Control Center and at
Instrumentation Site A.
Possible Instrumentation Site C (Figure 29)
is located at 57-04N 161-20E, 15 nm north-
east of Yelovka and approximately 10 nm
north-northeast of Site B. The site contains
four gable-roofed buildings and numerous uni-
dentified objects. Five dome-shaped objects
in a line probably contain instruments. A
road leads to the top of a high hill on which
there is a flat-roofed building.
32)
Probable Instrumentation
is located at 57-09N
45 nm southeast of Uka. It
Site D (Figure
162-48E, about
areas about 3,000 feet apart, which contain
a total of 20 buildings, several possible in-
struments, and several unidentified objects.
Approximately 3,500 feet west of the southern
area is an unidentified irregular clearing, 300
by 230 feet, connected by road with the coastal
area.
Probable Instrumentation Site E (Figure 30)
25X1 C
is located at 57-16N 162-45E, 9 nm north
of Probable Instrumentation Site D. It con-
tains 19 buildings and several unidentified
objects. A building with a 20-foot dome on
the roof is similar to those at the other
instrumentation sites on the Kamchatka Pen-
insula.
COMMUNICATIONS CENTER NEAR KLYUCHI
A high-frequency, long-range radio com-
munications center was under construction in
adjacent to a densely wooded
area 3,500 feet south of Klyuchi on the Kam-
chatka Peninsula. The center (Figure 31),
located at 56-19N 160-51E, measures 4,500
by 1,,700 feet overall and is composed of two
separate areas. The larger, a headquarters
and support area, encompasses some 25 acres
and, when complete, will contain at least 39
major buildings and structures. The smaller, a
communications area, has two double rhombic
antenna arrays under construction; extensive
clearing of wooded areas indicates possible
construction of at least two more rhombic
arrays. A large control building, a cooling
tower, and three small buildings are also
in the area.
The center is served by several unimproved
roads, overhead power and/or communications
lines, and a large water line. An intricate
network of ditches, probably part of a water
or central heating system, and linear ground
scars, probably cable lines, connect various
buildings and structures. Vehicle revetments,
earth-mounded structures and several unidenti-
fied objects are also evident. A relatively
large heliport is located approximately one nm
to the west.
In size and configuration, rhombic antenna
arrays A and B are nearly identical to several
rhombic arrays in Communications Area A in
the Rangehead. In addition to being double
25X,
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 Approved For Release
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FIGURE 26. PROBABLE TERMINAL RANGE INSTRUMENTATION.
41 -
25X
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NPIC/R-1440/63
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AZIMUTH
CENTER LINES
/
SELF-SUPPORTING
LATTICE TOWER
(270' HIGH) -- _-------
*,DIAM
\\, i DOMES
It I
S
Road
- - - - Trail
Fence
- - Buried Cable
Excavation
Poss Buried Tank
I I I
UPPORT AREA
, r ` ? ^? t
I
AIRSTRIP `
6300'
1
FIGURE 27. INSTRUMENTATION SITE A.
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SECRET
25X1 C
UK_IN,SK,fiA,GUBr4
DOMES
INSTRUMENTATION AREA `BUNK: ER 20' a TOWER
25X-3
2X1
AX1
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,..
RADOMES
y~ ~r INTERFEROMETER
~~..~
B U R I E D AZIMUTH
~- -. /
\~ \ \EXCAVATIONAND
\~ \ ? SUPPORT AREA
\\\ \ ~~ MOUNDa
-
\ \\, `may 20'DI AM
INSTRUMENTATION.`.
25X1 D
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/RADOME ROAD
DOME ~\
POSS LANDING STRIP \ I
PROB
MOUND ,
FEET (APPROX)
25X1 D
rhombics, they are oriented on an azimuth
of 0 degrees. It is possible, therefore,
that these antenna facilities, coupled with the
25X1
contiguous headquarters and support area, con-
stitute a key component of the Tyura Tam
Missile Test Range.
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 Approved For Release 2
REVETMENTS
25X1.
ON
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1 SVC~
FIGURE 29. POSSIBLE INSTRUMENTA SITE C.
25X1
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n p a
ii \\
u \\
COMMUNICATIONS " \\H \ SE
CONTROL, r h`!w
60A001700010041-5
25X1 C
I
Road
Buried Cable
Escarpment
Bunker
FEET(APPROX)
20'
//I i
FIGURE 30. PROBABLE INSTRUMENTA
-=Road, Unimproved
Ditch
Water Pipeline
Cable
Overhead Power Line
Wire Pattern
Building U/C
Guy Wire Anchor Base
Mast Foundation
FIGURE 31. RADIO COMMUNICATIONS CENTER NEAR KLYUCHI.
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Road
- - - - Trail
- -1 1 - Escarpment
POSS~,
BUNKER
200 0 - 20Q.__490 60o 890
FEET (APPROX)
25X1
? o_
f 10
POS5
INSTRUMENTS
OZERNOY
GUBA
25X1 C
25X1
RPT
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