DEVELOPMENTS AT CHERNOMORSKOYE AND FEODOSIYA MISSILE TEST AND SUPPORT FACILITIES

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: NGA Records (Formerly NIMA)
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP84T00171R000201050001-4
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 18
• Document Creation Date: December 28, 2016
• Document Release Date: January 10, 2012
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: August 1, 1983
• Content Type: REPORT

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basic imagery Interpretation report
Developments at Chernomorskoye
and Feodosiya Missile Test and
Support Facilities (S)
MISSILE RANGES: NAVAL LAUNCHED FACILITIES
BE: Various
USSR
Z-12088/83
RCA-17/0001/83
AUGUST 1983
Copy 3 7
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N()F()RN
Development
s at Chernomorskoye and Feodosiya Missile Test and Support Facilties
DMA. USATC, Series 200, Sheet 0249-16, scale 1:200,000
Installation Geographic
Name Coordinates
Chernomorskoye Missile Test 45-01-16N
and Evaluation Facility 035-57-49E
Feodosiya Naval Missile 45-08-09N
Support Facility 035-33-41E
Feodosiya Naval Missile 44-51-15N
Test Facility 035-08-05E
Feodosiya Torpedo and ASW 45-00-43N
Weapons Storage Facility 035-24-24E
Feodosiya Probable ASW 45-00-22N
Checkout Facility 035-23-59E
Feodosiya Naval 45-01-32N
Base and Ship Repair Yard 035-23-36E
COMIREX NIETB
No. (MRN) No.
ABSTRACT
1. Soviet installations at Chernomorskoye and at Feodosiya, on the Black Sea coast, support
the testing and evaluation of antiship cruise missiles and antisubmarine cruise and ballistic missiles
for the Soviet Navy. An understanding of activity at each facility assists in determining weapon
program start/stop dates, program problems, weapon system capabilities, and initial operational
capability (IOC) dates. (S/WN)
2. This report, which updates NPIC report Z-14628/82; describes missile testing activities at
the Chernomorskoye Missile Test and Evaluation Facility and at the various Feodosiya missile test
and support facilities as derived from imagery of It also
provides the initial description of testing and operational activity at Feodosiya Naval Base and Ship
Repair Yard from The report contains a location map and 14
annotated photographs. (S/WN)
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WNINTEL
Z-12088/83
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INTRODUCTION
3. The facilities at Chernomorskoye (Figure 1) have been used in the land-based testing of
relatively short-range antiship cruise missiles, most recently the SS-NX-22 (BL-09). Land-based
launch facilities at Feodosiya have been used to test antisubmarine warfare (ASW) weaponry. The
naval base at 'Feodosiya and the associated storage facilities support at-sea tests of antiship cruise
missile, ASW 'wea ons, and surface-to-air missiles (SAM). Significant observations and activities
through imagery included:
the start and completion of the at-sea test phase of the SS-NX-22 program at Feodo-
siya;
support for at-sea testing of the SS-NX-22 at Feodosiya;
- probable missile unloading offshore;
- the presence of resolution targets at Feodosiya;
- the arrival of Juliett-class cruise missile attack submarines (SSG) in the Black Sea; and
- the arrival at Feodosiya of a modified Romeo-class attack"submarine (SS) that may be
the test-bed for a new weapon system. (S/WN)
1. Feodosiya Naval Missile Test Facility
2. Feodosiya Torpedo and ASW Weapons Storage Facility
3. Feodosiya Prob ASW Checkout Facility
4. Feodosiya Naval Base and Ship Repair Yard
5. Feodosiya Naval Missile Support Facility
6. Chernomorskoye Missile Test and Evaluation Facility
5
10
FIGURE 1. NAVAL MISSILE TEST-RELATED FACILITIES AT CHERNOMORSKOYE AND FEODOSIYA, USSR
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BASIC DESCRIPTION
Chernomorskoye Missile Test in the launch area since the end of the land-
and Evaluation Facility based test phase of the SS-NX-22 program in
April 1982. (S/WN)
4. This facility has been used since the
late 1950s for testing antiship cruise missiles.
Two of the launch areas (A and C) have been
incorporated into the
currently the only part of the facility capable
of launching test missiles and was recently
involved in the testing of the SS-NX-22. Previ-
ously it was used in the SS-N-9 antiship cruise-
missile test program. No activity has occurred
Construction Activity
5. Two new fence-secured installations
are under construction west of Launch Area D
where LA-17 drones were previously launched
(Figures 2 and 3). The function of these instal-
lations is not known. However, buildings un-
der construction at the installation nearest to
the launch area (Figure 2) appear to be for
instrumentation: these include one three-story
cinetheodolite building and a possible optical
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lated either to missile testing or to activity at
shelter or radome. The facilities may be re-
(S/WN)
Feodosiya Naval Base and
Ship Repair Yard
6. This facility is used as the staging area
for the at-sea testing of cruise missiles, ASW
weapons, and naval SAMs. In addition to the
at-sea test-bed vessels normally at the facility,
major combatants involved in the testing of
their own systems are routinely observed at
the base or anchored in the roadstead. (S/WN)
Cruise Missile Test Activity
7. SS-NX-22 Test Activity. The Soviet
Navy's only Tarantul-II guided-missile patrol
combatant (PGG), the SS-NX-22 test-bed, ar-
rived at Feodosi a between and
the ship was
being loaded with an SS-NX-22, indicating that
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cruise-missile test preparations were underway
(Figure 4). An SS-NX-22 loading tray was pro-
truding from one of the starboard tubes, and
an SS-NX-22 shipping container was on the
quay. By the Tarantul-II de-
parted the base. On the vessel
was in the roadstea , an a 64-meter-class
target barge had departed the base. This type
of target barge was used in both the land-
based and the at-sea phases of the SS-NX-22
test program. Both the Tarantul-II and the
target barge had returned by
(S/W N )
8. SS-NX-22 activity was again observed
in January 1982. On 0 a probable
loading tray was at the portside launch tubes
on the Tarantul-II. The ship departed Feodo-
siya between for
Sevastopol Shipyard Sevmorzavod 497 (BE
for unidentified repair work and,
except for a brief period at the end of March,
remained there throughout the rest of the
reporting period. (S/WN)
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tul-II was again underway on
weapon-system testing. By this unu-
sual missile offloading activity had ended.
(S/WN)
10. SS-NX-22 activity involving the Taran-
9. The lead unit of the Sovremennyy-
class guided-missile destroyer (DDG) arrived at
Feodosiya and was involved in SS-NX-22-re-
lated activity in May 1982. On he ship
was alongside a floating crane in the roadstead
(Figure 5), and a missile transfer operation was
underway: a missile loading tray was in front
of the starboard launch tubes, and a missile
canister was in front of the port launch tubes.
This activity probably involved the removal of
an inoperative or malfunctioned missile. The
fact that the offloading of the missile took
place in the roadstead suggests that the Soviets
considered the operation to be extremely
hazardous, since all other missile-related activ-
ities take place routinely within the base,
where warships as large as the Sovremennyy-
class DDG can be and have been accommo-
dated. If the vessel were there to load a
missile, it could have been done within the
base. This conclusion is further supported by
the fact that Sovremennyy had been involved
in SS-NX-22 loading activitiy just before this at
Sevastopol Naval Missile Su port and Major
Ship Facility indicating that
this ship was staging out of Sevastopol for
(Figure 6), when an SS-NX-22 shipping con-
tainer was suspended from a crane over the
port side of the vessel forward of the missile
tubes. Because the SS-NX-22 loading tray was
not being used, an actual loading was not
confirmed. (S/WN)
11. An SS-NX-22 test may have occurred in
early September. A 64-meter-class target barge
that had been fitting out in the main base area
on was seen on im-
agery in the target barge storage area showing
obvious damage (Figure 7). During this same
period the Tarantul-II had changed positions,
suggesting that it may have departed and re-
turned. The condition of the barge and move-
ment of the PGG strongly suggest that an at-sea
SS-NX-22 test had occurred. (S/WN)
12. The Tarantul-II departed Feodosiya
between During No-
vember it received minor repairs in the float-
ing drydock at Balaklava Submarine Base and
Ship Repair Yard and on E
was present at the Sevastopol
Offshore Defense Force Base
an operating base for patrol craft. The depar-
ture of the Tarantul-II closely coincided with
the removal of SS-NX-22 support equipment
from Feodosiya, which was gone by Decem-
ber. These two events and the ship's deploy-
ment to an operating base suggest that the at-
sea test program might have ended. However,
on the Tarantul-II was once
again at Feodosiya, and an SS-NX-22 crate was
on the quay. The vessel had departed by
and no SS-NX-22 support equipment
was observed at the base. (S/WN)
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13. Possible SS-N-12 Test Activity. On L I 25X1
a damaged 107-meter-class
target barge was in the target barge storage
area along the breakwater (Figure 8). The
barge, which arrived after was
not one of those normally seen at the base,
and was removed by This class 25X1
of target barge had not been associated with
the SS-NX-22 test program, which was the only 25X1
antiship cruise missile test program active at
that time at Feodosiya. (S/WN)
14. The barge was probably damaged in
testing an operational cruise missile, possibly
the SS-N-12, from a combatant undergoing
weapon system testing. This judgment is based
on the coincidental movement during this
same period, that is, in late November or early
December, of a 107-meter-class target barge
from the storage area at Sevastopol Naval Base 2.5X1
Streletskaya This barge was 25X1
not returned to the base. Target barges from
Streletskaya are normally used to test weapon
systems on combatants during weapon system
testing in the Sevastopol area. (S/WN)
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 -On pre/post exer-
cise activity was observed: a Bravo training
submarine (SST) was maneuvering. within the
base, and one modified Romeo SS, one Potok
AGE, and a Bentos submersible were in the
roadstead.
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15. Either the 445F guided-missile cruiser
(CG) or the Kiev-class guided-missile aircraft
carrier (CVHG) "Novorossiysk", both of which
are equipped with the SS-N-12, could have
been involved in this test. Although the Novo-
rossiysk was anchored in the roadstead off
Sevastopol on this ship is not
considered a'likely candidate for this launch,
since no weapons transfer activity was associ-
ated with it. Such activity was frequently ob-
served involving the 445F CG. In addition, the
445F CG departed Sevastopol after
and was not observed during the period of
the test. In late March 1983, the 445F CG was
in the roadstead off Feodosiya. Therefore, al-
though a positive association between an SS-
N-12 launch and the 445F CG cannot be made
from imagery; it would be a logical assumption
that this new: ship, completing sea trials, was
the launch platform. (S/WN)
ASW Weapons Activity
16. Possible New ASW Weapons Test
Program. A modified Romeo-class SS arrived at
Feodosiya in early 1982. Like the other modi-
fied Romeo SS at Feodosiya, this submarine
has an enlarged upper bow (Figure 9). This
modification had been performed at Sevasto-
pol Shipyard Sevmorzavod 497. The first modi-
fied Romeo SS is believed to be the test bed
for the SS-NX-16 torpedo-tube - launched
ASW missile. The similarity in appearance be-
tween the two submarines suggests that the
second unit will serve either as an additional
test-bed for the SS-NX-16 or as the test-bed for
a new weapon similar in size to the SS-NX-16.
(S/WN)
17. Torpedo/ASW Exercises. Evidence of
relatively large-scale exercises was observed
three times:
-Between
one Whiskey (twin-cylinder) cruise-mis-
sile attack submarine (SSG), one modified Ro-
meo SS, two Romeo SS, and one Potok tor-
pedo trials ship (AGE) departed Feodosiya.
-On large exercise
was probably underway. Both modified Ro-
meoSS, one Romeo SS, one Grisha corvette
(FFL), and two Potok AGE had departed; and
one Whiskey SS, one Bravo SST, and one Pe-
tya-I (torpedo trials variant) FFL had left the
base and were in the roadstead. (S/WN)
18. Light-Banded Submarines. On
a Whiskey/Romeo SS with two
wide, light-toned bands around the hull, one
forward and one aft of the sail, was in the
submarine berthing area. On a
Romeo SS with two light bands (both forward
of the sail) was in the same area (Figure 10).
The reason for or function of these bands is
unknown. Although they would make the sub-
marine more visible underwater, no ASW sen-
sors rely on detection in the visible spectrum.
Because the bands were not observed on any
other occasion and were positioned differently
on the hull on these two occasions, they are
probably removable. (S/WN)
19. Romeo SS Modification. One Romeo
SS observed at Feodosiya has an upper rudder
(Figure 9), which is normally not found on this
class submarine. The Chinese Ming-class SS,
which is a modification of the Romeo SS, also
has an upper rudder. (S/WN)
20. SAM-Related Activity. The Grisha-IV
FFL, probable test-bed for the Udaloy SAM
system, 2 was at Feodosiya Naval Base and Ship
Repair Yard during the reporting period (Fig-
ure 11). No weapons-related activity was ob-
served around the vessel. (S/WN)
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21. Shipborne Resolution Targets. On
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two resolution targets were seen on
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an ocean tug at Feodosiya (Figure 12). The tug,
which arrived at Feodosiya between
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displayed both a CORN-types
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a Seimen's-type resolution target. The pres-
ence of these targets suggests that the Soviets
were monitoring the capabilities of one of
their own reconnaissance systems. (S/WN)
Operational Activity
22. Cruise-Missile Submarine (SSG) Ac-
tivity. Activity at Feodosiya in September 1981
and at Feodosiya and Sevastopol in November
1982 indicated that the cruise-missile subma-
rine force in the Black Sea is being upgraded.
(S/WN)
23. On a Juliett SSG,
which carries four SS-N-3 antiship cruise mis-
siles-twice as many as the Whiskey twin-cylin-
der class-was in the roadstead off Feodosiya.
This was the first observed deployment of this
class submarine to the Black Sea Fleet. It was
probably transferred from the Northern Fleet
through the inland waterway system. A drop-
stern transporter dock was also in the road-
stead. In November 1982, a second Juliett SSG
was observed at Balaklava; it, too, was probably
transferred via the inland waterway. The first
Juliett SSG was subsequently transferred to Ba-
laklava Submarine Base and Ship Repair Yard
and then to Sevastopol Shipyard
Sevmorzavod 497 for repair/ overhaul (January
1982). (S/WN)
24. Between
the Whiskey (twin cylinder) SSG normally
berthed at Feodosiya Naval Base and Ship Re-
pair Yard, was transferred to Sevastopol
Breaker Yard and by
was being scrapped. The scrapping of this
submarine (one of only two in the Black Sea),
combined with the arrival of the two Juliett
SSGs, indicates an upgrading of the cruise-
missile attack submarine capabilities of the
Black Sea fleet. (S/WN)
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25. Air-Cushion Vehicle Activity. On U 25X1
the Tsaplya air-cushion medi- 25X1
um landing craft (LCMA), formerly YUZ-D,
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northeast of the naval base. Also on
was observed at Feodosiya Naval Base and Ship
Repair Yard (Figure 13). This landing craft was
constructed at Feodosi a Shipyard Yuznaya
Tochka seven nautical miles
=the GUS air-cushion personnel landing
craft (LCPA), which had been undergoing re-
pair at the base, was being lifted onto the deck
of a river freighter for transport through the
inland waterway. (S/WN)
26. Two Lebed LCMA were observed on
the quay on numerous occasions. (S/WN)
27. Construction Activity. During the pe-
riod of this report, a new administration or
barracks building was constructed at the base
(Figure 11). (S/WN)
Feodosiya Naval Missile
Support Facility
28. This installation provides storage and
checkout facilities for antiship cruise missiles
and SAMs tested at Feodosiya and Cherno-
morskoye. During the reporting period, SA-N-
6 activity increased, and activities continued at
an assembly/checkout building that is associ-
ated with the SS-NX-22 test program. (S/WN)
bunker in the storage area (Figure 14). On
SA-N-6 Activity
29. The area around the assembly/
checkout building for the SA-N-6 was resur-
faced in late 1981. SA-N-6 activity resumed by
September 1982. (S/WN)
30. In September 1982, SA-N-6 canisters
and canister transporters were in front of a
an empty SA-N-6 transporter was
leaving the facility, an indication that the SA-
N-6 canisters in the facility were newly deliv-
ered. Between 20 and 30 canisters were ob-
served. Empty SA-N-6 transporters were at the
assembly/checkout building on several occa-
sions, indicating that the building was again
being used. (S/WN)
Feodosiya Naval Missile
Test Facility
31. This facility was used for land-based
testing of the SS-N-14 ASW weapon, the SUW-
N-1 ASW rocket, and probably a small ASW
rocket, similar to the SUW-N-1, which was not
deployed. No activity related to any missile
test was observed. No missile canisters were
present, and no vehicular activity was noted.
(S/W N )
32. At launch pad A, the SS-N-14 launch
area, the missile dolly was removed from its
rail-mounted carriage on several occasions. In
the support area, one van was placed near the
administration building nearest the launch ar-
eas. Construction continued at a very slow
pace on the arch-roofed building in the north-
east corner of the support area. (S/WN)
33. This minor activity in the launch area
and the continued presence of vans in the
support area (including an END TRAY mete-
orological radar) indicated that this facility was
still occupied. However, the slow pace of con-
struction on the arch-roofed building in the
last few years (it has been under construction
since 1975) and the absence of vehicular activ-
ity indicates that the facility does not have a
major role in testing at this time. (S/WN)
Feodosiya Torpedo and ASW
Weapons Storage Facility
34. This facility stores torpedos and ASW
weapons used in tests staged from Feodosiya
Naval Base and Ship Repair Yard. It probably
also serves as a holding area for empty canist-
ers and crates awaiting return to production
facilities. (S/WN)
SS-N-14 Activity
35. The number of SS-N-14 gradually in-
creased from seven to twelve by
(S/WN)
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SS-N-15 and SS-NX-16 Activity
36. Twelve SS-N-15 canisters were pre-
sent in August 1982. By October, the number
had increased to 20. Between October and late
April 1983, the number of canisters had in-
creased to approximately 50. (S/WN)
37. The' SS-NX-16 canister count was ap-
proximately 40 in August 1982. By October the
number had risen to between 60 and 70. By E
the number had decreased, this
time to 42. (S/WN)
38. The fluctuation in the number of SS-
NX-16 canisters probably represents the return
of empty canisters to production facilities and
the'arrival of new missiles. (S/WN)
Feodosiya Probable ASW
Checkout Facility
39. This installation provides assembly
and checkout facilities for ASW weapons be-
fore they are loaded on vessels at the adjacent
naval base. Because of this facility's function,
RCA-17/0001/83
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canisters and crates stored there probably all
contain weapons for upcoming tests. Empty
canisters awaiting transshipment would also
be found in the weapons storage facility.
(S/WN)
the number of SS-N-14 crates had decreased
to two, which suggests three tests occurred.
(S/WN)
October five crates were present. By
SS-N-14 Activity
40. Changes in the number of SS-N-14
crates indicate that tests relating to this system
occurred during the reporting period. In Au-
gust 1982, three crates were present and in
SS-N-15 and SS-NX-16 Activity
All applicable satellite imagery acquired from
cutoff date, was used in the preparation of this report. (S/WN)
MAPS/CHARTS
DMA. US Air Target Chart, Series 200, Sheet 0249-16, Scale 1:200,000.
DOCUMENTS
2. NPIC. Z-14606/82, IAR-0084/82, New Soviet Naval SAM System (S) Sep 82
1. NPIC. Z-14628/82, RCA-17/0003/82 Developments at Chernomorskoye and Feodosiya Missile Test
and Support Facilities (5) Nov 82
REQUIREMENT
COMIREX R17
Project 543058R
Comments and queries regarding this report are welcon
Strategic Forces Division, Imagery Exploitation Group, NPIC,
By the end
of the reporting period SS-N-15 and SS-NX-16
canisters at this facility had been arranged in
more orderly stacks,
Figure 15). (S/WN)
42. Throughout the reporting period the
number of SS-N-15 canisters remained at ap-
proximately 15. The number of SS-NX-16 can-
isters, however, appears to have fluctuated
during the reporting period. In August 1982
the number of SS-NX-16 canisters was 16 to 18.
By October the number of canisters had risen
to approximately 25. By Othe num-
ber had decreased to 18. This change suggests
that seven SS-NX-16 tests may have occurred
between October 1982 and April 1983. (S/WN)
e. They may be directed to
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