LETTER TO LEWIS F. POWELL, JR. FROM WILLIAM H. WEBSTER

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP91B01306R001400100001-5
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 75
• Document Creation Date: December 23, 2016
• Document Release Date: November 6, 2013
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: November 22, 1989
• Content Type: LETTER

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SUBJECT: EIGHTH C I RCUIT
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ER 89-0435/4
Executive Secretory
22 Nov 89
Date
3637 (10.81)
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itie Director of Central Intelligence
20sos
The Honorable Lewis F. Powell, Jr.
Supreme Court of the United States
Washington, D. C. 20543
Dear Justice Powell,
ER 89-0435/4
22 November 1989
As promised in my letter of November 1, I have checked with
?the Agency's History Staff regarding the issues raised in
letter.
With regard to the Phoenix Program, I am told that
subsequent Congressional and Executive branch investigations
determined that the charge that the CIA was responsible for
assassinations is simply contrary to fact. Phoenix was not a
CIA program; rather, it was run by the South Vietnamese with
assistance from several U.S. agencies, of which the CIA was
one. From the outset of Phoenix? U.S. government personnel
laid down strict guidelines forbidding assassination, torture
or other exreme acts and did their best to prevent the South
Vietnamese from resorting to such tactics. Unfortunately,
despite such U.S. efforts, some South Vietnamese officials
clearly did resort to killing suspected North Vietnamese
collaborators. There is no conclusive evidence of the
numbers of such killings, but the 20,000 to 40,000 figures
are certainly overstated.
With regard to U.S. killings of Philippine civilians during
the Philippine Insurrection, the Agency's Chief Historian
consulted Professor Brian Linn of Texas A&M University, who
recently authored The United States Army in Counter-Insurgency
in the Philippine War, 1899-1902. According to Professor Linn,
the figures of 600,000 or 946,000 are both far too high.
(Incidentally, I have looked at Sterling Seagrave's book
myself and note that he cites no authority for his figures.)
Professor Linn states that a reasonable estimate of Filipino
deaths -- both civilian and operational personnel --
attributable to the U.S. pacification efforts in the 1899-1902
period would be about 45,000.
STAT
DCI
EXEC
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440
Professor Linn does point out, however, that the
Philippines suffered a devastating epidemic of cholera during
the period of the Insurrection, and that in the ten-year period
after 1896 the Philippines suffered a series of serious crop
failures. These events caused many civilian deaths during the
insurrection period that were unrelated to U.S. pacification
efforts.
-Hope you find this information helpful. With best wishes,
Sincerely,
William H. Webster
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"N
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ER 89-O43/2
The Director of Central Intelligence
Washington. D. C.20505
November 1, 1989
The Honorable Lewis F. Powell, Jr.
Supreme Court of the United States
Washington, D. C. 20543
Dear Justice Powell:
Many thanks for your letter and your nice words about my
talk to the Eighth Circuit. I can't resist sending you another
talk which I gave not long ago to the Los Angeles Council on
World Affairs, in which I tried to identify an emerging and
important area for intelligence collection. I'd welcome your
comments.
I hope to have a response for you soon on the issues
raised in letter. The figures seem
exaggerated, but I will be interested in what the analysts have
to say. I'll be back to you with this shortly.
Hope to catch up with you at one of the Alibi dinners
soon. Warmest regards always,
Sincerely,
ci-o?AA
William H. Webster
Enclosure
P. S. I enjoyed the nice article about you in The New
York Times on October 18th. "
STAT
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ROUTING AND RECORD SHEET
SUBJECT: (Optional)
DCI-Transcript of Eighth Circuit Judicial Conference
Minneapolis, MN 21 July 1989
FROM:
EXTENSION
NO.
PAO 89-0235
James W. Greenleaf
Director, Public Affairs
DATE
27 July 1989
COMMENTS (Number each comment to show from whom
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PRO 89-0235
27 July 1989
JUDGE:
I have attached the transcript of your remarks to the Eighth Circuit
Judicial Conference on 21 July. Once you approve the transcript, we will
submit it to Vital Speeches of the Day and an appropriate American Bar
Association publication.
Attachment:
As stated
Jim Gr4bnleaf
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Central Intelligence Agency
Washington, D.C. 20505
DCUDDCI Executive Staff
25 July 1989
NOTE FOR: DCI
SUBJECT: Publication of Your Speech to the Eight Circuit
Judicial Conference
STAT
STAT
Having now read the speech, I believe the options as far
as ?ublication vehicles are concerned are quite limited.
and I have discussed this at length and we agree that
pro ably the only appropriate vehicle would be an ABA
publication in which the speech would be printed as a speech
and not converted into a standard article. The nature of the
subject and the method of presentation are not the sort that
one generally finds in general circulation journals of inter-
national affairs such as Foreign Policy or Foreign Affairs.
Moreover, to publish it in a more specialized legal periodical
would avoid some of the political hazards of a statement by you
on this subject. Fritz Ermarth has some strong views on this
last issue and he can convey them to you when he and Bob
Blackwell give you a briefing on recent Soviet events, which we
will schedule for sometime next week.
STAT
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PAO 89-0235
27 July 1989
JUDGE:
I have attached the transcript of your remarks to theEighth Circuit
Judicial Conference on 21 July. Once you approve the transcript, we will
submit it to Vital Speeches of the Day and an appropriate American Bar
Association publication.
Attachment:
As stated
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REMARKS
BY
WILLIAM H. WEBSTER
DIRECTOR OF CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE
BEFORE THE
EIGHTH CIRCUIT JUDICIAL CONFERENCE
MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA
JULY 21, 1989
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Thank you very much, Judge Rosenbaum, Chief Judge Lay and all my friends.
When I got in last night, the first people I saw were Judge Harper, Judge
Devitt, and Alice O'Donnell, and I knew that I was really home. It's just
great of you to ask me to come back each time, and I wouldn't miss it for
anything.
I am especially pleased to see that you have on your program this morning
Nina Totenberg, who once again is going to have to listen to this story,
because she started it. A few years ago, I was addressing the Institute of
Judicial Administration Breakfast at the ABA meeting in Dallas, and I got an
early morning call from Nina. She said, "Judge Webster, I have a lot to cover
this morning. Are you going to say anything important?" So once again, Nina,
you have to wait and see.
I also want to say that you've been reading about Webster v. Doe and
Webster v. Reproductive Health Services. I want to assure you that I am not
pursuing a separate agenda in Washington.
Last year I talked to you about my first year in office as the Director of
Central Intelligence. Much has happened since then.
In almost every corner of the world, events are taking place that are
changing yesterday's political and military truths. At the same time that the
United States and the Soviet Union are working to reduce nuclear arms, Third
World nations are building arsenals of nuclear, chemical, and biological
weapons. As the new Solidarity party struggles for a voice in Poland,
democracy is endangered in Panama, a nation we have always considered to be a
friend. East-West relations took a step forward as Hungary began removing the
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barbed wire along its border with Austria. Yet we witnessed a tragic scene in
Beijing, when the Chinese Government turned its army on its own citizens, who
were demonstrating for democracy.
We are all working to keep up with events and to understand their
significance --for these countries, for the United States, and for the
world. In particular, the Soviet Union, our traditional adversary, is ?
undergoing unprecedented changes -- changes that appear to be shaking up the
entire Soviet system and could have significant implications for the United
States. These changes range from announcements by the Soviet leaders that
more rubles will be spent on consumer goods and fewer on defense to the
holding of the most open election since 1917. This election of
representatives to the Congress of People's Deputies -- and the surprising
degree of independence that new legislature is demonstrating -- are not
politics as practiced in the Soviet Union even a few years ago.
As a nation, we have always been concerned with freedom and peoples'
rights around the world, a point President Bush emphasized in a press
conference last month. When there is promise of any such change in the Soviet
Union, we watch with more than passing interest.
Until very recently, citizens of the Soviet Union had few real civil
rights and little personal freedom. To a large degree, the law was used as an
instrument of repression -- a tool to control the people.
Part of that picture is changing. In the past few years, we have seen
significant change in the exercising of individual rights in the Soviet Union,
although, certainly, many problems remain. Today I would like to talk more
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about this change, what it may mean for the Soviet people, and the challenge
these issues represent for American intelligence.
As long as the Communist Party dominates, the Soviet people will not
acquire the freedom of speech, freedom of religion, and freedom to shape the
decisions of government that we know in the United States. But, in certain
key areas, the government is allowing more freedom than at any time since the
1920's -- in expression and information, in association, assembly, and
religion. It has taken steps to provide better protection from arbitrary
arrest and more rights to due process. It is allowing more opportunities for
emigration and travel. There are limits in each of these areas, and the
government has shown it will backtrack if the people go beyond those limits.
But the liberalization we have seen is dramatic, important, and certainly
applauded by all free people.
Under glasnost, we have observed unprecedented freedom of expression and
information. In May and June, reformers elected to the Congress of People's
Deputies criticized the highest levels of Soviet Government on live TV -- a
spectacle we could not have imagined a few years ago. The Western world has
been startled by changes in the information available to the Soviet people.
Moscow is no longer jamming Radio Liberty, a station it has consistently
denounced as hostile and has jammed since 1953. Statements of Western
leaders, even those critical of the Soviet Union, are reported in the press.
In fact, the official media are reporting on a number of issues that were
previously taboo: social problems like alcohol and drug abuse, corruption in
the government, even charges that Soviet psychiatry has been used to suppress
dissent.
3
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Yet, the party remains in control, setting the limits of glasnost and
penalizing those who go too far. The authorities still confiscate literature
they fear is politically threatening. Demonstrators who express support for
fundamental political change, such as a multiparty state, are frequently
picked up and harassed. Although laws are being prepared that will protect at
least some of the new rights to expression and information, the drafts under
review do not allow as much as reformers had hoped. Furthermore, it remains
to be seen whether such laws will be enacted, and, if enacted, consistently
enforced.
The people are being allowed more freedom to associate. The ability to
participate in political debate has led to an explosion in the number of
Informal organizations within the Soviet Union. Tens of thousands of groups.
have formed -- literary, cultural, even political discussion groups. The
government has been remarkably tolerant of their activities. In fact, some of
these groups were influential in getting reformers elected to the Congress of
People's Deputies in March.
Here, again, the limits of government tolerance are being tested. One
group, the Democratic Union, has called for a multiparty state, which
Gorbachev has made clear will not be tolerated. As a result, its members are
frequently arrested and harassed.
As is the case with freedom of expression and information, laws are being
prepared that will define the rights of groups. These laws will indicate how
far the government is willing to go in allowing people the freedom to
associate.
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The openness allowed under glasnost has also encouraged people to exercise
unprecedented freedom of assembly. Under Gorbachev, the number of protests
and strikes has increased geometrically over previous years. Hundreds of
thousands of people have demonstrated for a wide range of causes, from human
rights to ethnic identity, with less fear than at any time in the past. Up to
a million people participated in nationalist demonstrations in Armenia last
year. And if you've been watching television, you've been seeing an exercise
of that assembly and expression in the protests of hundreds of thousands of
strikers in Siberia and in the Ukraine.
There are limits to official tolerance, and we're seeing those.
Authorities are given wide latitude to deal with demonstrators at the local
level, and often crack down with heavy fines and arrests. You may recall that
in Soviet Georgia in April, troops used shovels, clubs, and toxic gas to crush
a protest for national autonomy, leaving at least 20 dead. The national
government concedes that was a mistake. But the government's authority
remains.
Changes in the law in the last year place greater restrictions on holding
demonstrations -- a signal that the government is not going to relinquish
control. This backtracking greatly worries Soviet reformers because it shows
how reversible their gains can be.
In freedom of religion, we have seen a remarkable shift in the
government's stance. In the last few years, hundreds of churches and mosques
have opened in the Soviet Union. Hundreds of thousands of Bibles have been
allowed into the country -- a significant increase, though far from enough to
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meet the current demand. The government is allowing Jews to study Hebrew and
to open Jewish cultural clubs. In 1988, during a celebration of the
millennium of Christianity in Russia, Gorbachev met with Christian
patriarchs -- the first time that Moscow has given them such prominence since
World War II.
The government's tolerance of religion does not extend to groups it
considers a political threat. The Ukrainian'Catholic Church, which has been
linked to nationalist causes, is still outlawed despite thousands of believers
presenting petitions to their government.
New laws are being considered that could protect the rights of believers
and relax the criminal codes traditionally used against them.
In addition to allowing greater freedoms -- ranging from expression and
association to religion -- the Soviet Government has taken steps that provide
greater protection from arbitrary arrests and improve some guarantees of
procedural due process. In the past, criminal defendants have not had the
right to legal representation during investigations. A law to change this is
now being considered. Another law, already passed, gives citizens the right
to challenge some government decisions. Yet another law makes it more
difficult for the government to suppress dissidents by sending them to
psychiatric institutions. This year, in fact, Moscow allowed a US delegation
of psychiatric experts to visit Soviet hospitals in an attempt to prove it was
eliminating such practices.
All of these are encouraging developments. And they represent a
decided -- though not necessarily permanent -- shift within the Soviet Union.
Another indication of this shift is the increased opportunity for
emigration and travel. Soviets are emigrating in record numbers. In 1988,
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almost 78,000 Jews, ethnic Germans, and Armenians were allowed to leave -- a
twofold increase over the previous year and more than 40 times the number in
1986.
And more people are being allowed to travel to the West -- a benefit that
is especially welcome to Soviet intellectuals and scientists. Ordinary
citizens have benefited as well. The number of trips to the United States by
Soviet citizens has increased tenfold since 1986.
? The Soviets have drafted a law that would legalize the more liberal
situation, although government approval will still. be required for a citizen
to leave the country.
We do not know how permanent these changes will be or how far the Soviet
Government will ultimately go in granting its people more freedom -- whether
it be greater freedom within the system or freedom to leave it. But today's
leaders appear to understand that their syst4m is faltering largely because it
has not given the people enough breathing room -- room to inquire, room to
innovate; room to unlock creativity and initiative. In fact, Gorbachev has
acknowledged that improving citizens' rights is an important part of a greater
strategy -- he sees it as a key to his economic reforms. But he has also made
It clear that the government will judge the proper limits and that it will
crack down if the pressures unleashed get out of hand. And I think we're
approaching one of those moments as we sit here today.
The final versions of the laws under review will give some indication of
the limits the government has decided to set.on the various freedoms allowed
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Soviet citizens. And to the extent that we can witness the process, we will
have a better understanding of the goals of the Soviet leaders and the steps
they think are necessary to achieve their goals.
We must recognize that relaxations of repressive Soviet policies could be
reversed at any time. The Soviet Union has a long history of selectively
enforcing its laws. So even changes in the legal code will not guarantee the
permanence of the new practices.
The judiciary in the Soviet Union is not an independent check on the
government as in the United States. The party interferes in legal cases,
often dictating decisions to the courts -- a system known as "telephone
justice."
Gorbachev knows that legal reform goes hand in hand with other changes.
He has advocated creating a state of law in which law applies to officials and
citizens alike.
But a state of law cannot exist without an independent judiciary. Until
the courts in the Sbviet Union are granted such independence, rights and
freedoms granted the people will not be guaranteed.
The Soviet Union remains a primary focus of our intelligence collection
and analysis. Despite perestroika and glasnost, the adversarial relationship
between the Soviet Union and the United States remains. Soviet intelligence
activities directed at the United States have not abated. Our new embassy
building in Moscow, skillfully penetrated by the Soviets, remains unoccupied.
The Berlin Wall still stands, a continuing symbol of the differences between
our systems.
Gorbachev's efforts to reform his country have not altered these truths.
In fact, they make intelligence of even greater importance to the American
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people. We must help the American policymaker sort out what is going on in
the Soviet Union and what it means both for that country and for the United
States.
We must manage the explosion of information that has occurred under
glasnost. There is more information to collect, process, and analyze than
ever before. Although this is a welcome change, we are increasingly
challenged to determine what is important and what is not, what is real versus
what Moscow wants us to hear.
In the area of individual rights, the intelligence task is made more
difficult by the fact that, despite glasnost, much of Soviet law is
unpublished and some is even secret.
The changes in citizens' rights are but one aspect of the reforms we are
observing in the Soviet Union. And the Soviet Union is but one of the many
concerns of American intelligence. With uncommon changes taking place around
the world, we are increasingly challenged to provide the information our
nation needs to make wise policy decisions.
Acquiring and analyzing this information is the job of the men and women
of American intelligence. And their success is the result of determination,
skill, tenacity, and courage.
I think intelligence has never been more important than today. Our task
is to support our government as it develops and carries out policies that not
only address our nation's concerns, but will move us all toward a safer and a
better world. A world, I might add, in which more and more nations will adopt
as a model an independent judiciary and seek resolutions for their problems
within a recognized and public rule of law.
Thank you very much.
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, ROUTING AND RECORD SHEET
SUBJECT: (Optional) DCI Update of Proposed Remarks to Eighth Circuit Judicial Conference
21 July 1989
FROM:
James W. Greenl
Director, Public
EXTENSION
NO.
PAO 89-0230
DATE
19 July 1989 ,
TO: (Officer designation, room number, and
building)
DATE
OFFICER'S
INITIALS
COMMENTS (Number each comment to show from whom
to whom. Draw a line across column after each comment.)
RECEIVED
FORWARDED
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9 JUL
1989
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JUDGE:
PAO 89-0230
19 July 1989
RE: Update of your proposed remarks to
the Eighth Circuit Judicial Conference
Considering that the coal miners' strike in Siberia and the Ukraine is
reaching major proportions, Fritz Ermarth, Chairman of the National
Intelligence Council, recommended that you mention the strike in your speech
to the Eighth Circuit Judicial Conference.
We have worked with Assistant Nb/USSR, and the Office of
Soviet Analysis to update your speech to address the current labor and ethnic
unrest. The new material, which is attached, replaces the last paragraph of
page 7, beginning "There are limits to official tolerance..." and the
following paragraph, which ends "...because it shows how reversible their
gains are."
We have also attached the updated text of your proposed remarks,
incorporating the new material on labor and ethnic unrest as well as the
information we forwarded earlier this week on an independent judiciary.
Attachments:
As stated
STAT
STAT
STAT
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Jim Greenleaf '
DCl/PAO
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UPDATE ON LABOR, ETHNIC UNREST
THE LIMITS OF OFFICIAL TOLERANCE ARE BEING STRAINED,
HOWEVER. THE CURRENT LABOR AND ETHNIC UNREST IS CHALLENGING
THE SYSTEM'S ABILITY TO COPE. THE COAL MINERS' STRIKE IN
SIBERIA AND THE UKRAINE, NOW IN ITS SECOND WEEK, IS CAUSING
SIGNIFICANT PROBLEMS. ARMED CLASHES BETWEEN ETHNIC MINORITIES
ARE INCREASING IN THE SOUTHERN U.S.S.R., AND LOCAL AUTHORITIES
ARE HAVING TROUBLE MAINTAINING CONTROL. IN MANY CASES, THE
GOVERNMENT HAS HAD TO SEND IN TROOPS.
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UPDATE OF
PROPOSED REMARKS
BY
WILLIAM H. WEBSTER
DIRECTOR OF CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE
BEFORE THE
EIGHTH CIRCUIT JUDICIAL CONFERENCE
MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA
JULY 21, 1989
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LAST YEAR I TALKED TO YOU ABOUT MY FIRST YEAR IN OFFICE AS
THE DIRECTOR OF CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE. MUCH HAS HAPPENED SINCE
THEN.
IN ALMOST EVERY CORNER OF THE WORLD, EVENTS ARE TAKING
PLACE THAT ARE CHANGING YESTERDAY'S POLITICAL AND MILITARY
TRUTHS. AT THE SAME TIME THAT THE UNITED STATES AND THE SOVIET
UNION ARE WORKING TO REDUCE NUCLEAR ARMS, THIRD WORLD NATIONS
ARE BUILDING ARSENALS OF NUCLEAR, CHEMICAL, AND BIOLOGICAL
WEAPONS. AS THE NEW SOLIDARITY PARTY STRUGGLES FOR A VOICE IN
POLAND, DEMOCRACY IS ENDANGERED IN PANAMA, A NATION WE HAVE
ALWAYS CONSIDERED TO BE A FRIEND. EAST-WEST RELATIONS TOOK A
STEP FORWARD AS HUNGARY BEGAN REMOVING THE BARBED WIRE ALONG
ITS BORDER WITH AUSTRIA. YET WE WITNESSED A TRAGIC SCENE IN
BEIJING, WHEN THE CHINESE GOVERNMENT TURNED ITS ARMY ON ITS OWN
CITIZENS, WHO WERE DEMONSTRATING FOR DEMOCRACY.
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WE ARE ALL WORKING TO KEEP UP WITH EVENTS AND TO UNDERSTAND
THEIR SIGNIFICANCE -- FOR THESE COUNTRIES, FOR THE UNITED
STATES, AND FOR THE WORLD. IN PARTICULAR, THE SOVIET UNION,
OUR TRADITIONAL ADVERSARY, IS UNDERGOING UNPRECEDENTED CHANGES
-- CHANGES THAT APPEAR TO BE SHAKING UP THE ENTIRE SOVIET
SYSTEM AND COULD HAVE SIGNIFICANT IMPLICATIONS FOR THE UNITED
STATES. THESE CHANGES RANGE FROM ANNOUNCEMENTS BY THE SOVIET
LEADERS THAT MORE RUBLES WILL BE SPENT ON CONSUMER GOODS AND
FEWER ON DEFENSE TO THE HOLDING OF THE MOST OPEN ELECTION SINCE
1917. THIS ELECTION OF REPRESENTATIVES TO THE CONGRESS OF
PEOPLE'S DEPUTIES -- AND THE SURPRISING DEGREE OF INDEPENDENCE
THAT NEW LEGISLATURE IS DEMONSTRATING -- ARE NOT POLITICS AS
PRACTICED IN THE SOVIET UNION EVEN A FEW YEARS AGO.
AS A NATION, WE HAVE ALWAYS BEEN CONCERNED WITH FREEDOM AND
PEOPLES' RIGHTS AROUND THE WORLD, A POINT PRESIDENT BUSH
EMPHASIZED IN A PRESS CONFERENCE LAST MONTH. WHEN THERE IS
2
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PROMISE OF ANY SUCH CHANGE IN THE SOVIET UNION, WE WATCH WITH
MORE THAN OUR USUAL INTEREST.
UNTIL VERY RECENTLY, CITIZENS OF THE SOVIET UNION HAD FEW
REAL CIVIL RIGHTS AND LITTLE PERSONAL FREEDOM. TO A LARGE
DEGREE, THE LAW WAS USED AS AN INSTRUMENT OF REPRESSION -- A
TOOL TO CONTROL THE PEOPLE.
PART OF THAT PICTURE IS CHANGING. IN THE PAST FEW YEARS,
WE HAVE SEEN SIGNIFICANT CHANGE IN THE EXERCISING OF INDIVIDUAL
RIGHTS IN THE SOVIET UNION, ALTHOUGH, CERTAINLY, MANY PROBLEMS
REMAIN. TODAY I WOULD LIKE TO TALK MORE ABOUT THIS CHANGE,
WHAT IT MAY MEAN FOR THE SOVIET PEOPLE, AND THE CHALLENGE THESE
ISSUES REPRESENT FOR AMERICAN INTELLIGENCE.
AS LONG AS THE COMMUNIST PARTY DOMINATES, THE SOVIET PEOPLE
WILL NOT ACQUIRE THE FREEDOM OF SPEECH, FREEDOM OF RELIGION,
AND FREEDOM TO SHAPE THE DECISIONS OF GOVERNMENT THAT WE KNOW
IN THE UNITED STATES. BUT, IN CERTAIN KEY AREAS, THE
3
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GOVERNMENT IS ALLOWING MORE FREEDOM THAN AT ANY TIME SINCE THE
1920'S -- IN EXPRESSION AND INFORMATION, IN ASSOCIATION,
ASSEMBLY, AND RELIGION. IT HAS TAKEN STEPS TO PROVIDE BETTER
PROTECTION FROM ARBITRARY ARREST AND MORE RIGHTS TO DUE
PROCESS. IT IS ALLOWING MORE OPPORTUNITIES FOR EMIGRATION AND
TRAVEL. THERE ARE LIMITS IN EACH OF THESE AREAS, AND THE
GOVERNMENT HAS SHOWN IT WILL BACKTRACK IF THE PEOPLE GO BEYOND
THOSE LIMITS. BUT THE LIBERALIZATION WE HAVE SEEN IS DRAMATIC,
IMPORTANT, AND CERTAINLY APPLAUDED BY ALL FREE PEOPLE.
UNDER GLASNOST, WE HAVE OBSERVED UNPRECEDENTED FREEDOM OF
EXPRESSION AND INFORMATION. IN MAY AND JUNE, REFORMERS ELECTED
TO THE CONGRESS OF PEOPLE'S DEPUTIES CRITICIZED THE HIGHEST
LEVELS OF SOVIET GOVERNMENT ON LIVE TV -- A SPECTACLE WE COULD
NOT HAVE IMAGINED A FEW YEARS AGO. THE WESTERN WORLD HAS BEEN
STARTLED BY CHANGES IN THE INFORMATION AVAILABLE TO THE SOVIET
PEOPLE. MOSCOW IS NO LONGER JAMMING RADIO LIBERTY, A STATION
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IT HAS CONSISTENTLY DENOUNCED AS HOSTILE AND HAS JAMMED SINCE
1953. STATEMENTS OF WESTERN LEADERS, EVEN THOSE CRITICAL OF
THE SOVIET UNION, ARE REPORTED IN THE PRESS. IN FACT, THE
OFFICIAL MEDIA ARE REPORTING ON A NUMBER OF ISSUES THAT WERE
PREVIOUSLY TABOO: SOCIAL PROBLEMS LIKE ALCOHOL AND DRUG ABUSE,
CORRUPTION IN THE GOVERNMENT, EVEN CHARGES THAT SOVIET
PSYCHIATRY HAS BEEN USED TO SUPPRESS DISSENT.
YET, THE PARTY REMAINS IN CONTROL, SETTING THE LIMITS OF
GLASNOST AND PENALIZING THOSE WHO GO TOO FAR. THE AUTHORITIES
STILL CONFISCATE LITERATURE THEY FEAR IS POLITICALLY
THREATENING. DEMONSTRATORS WHO EXPRESS SUPPORT FOR FUNDAMENTAL
POLITICAL CHANGE, SUCH AS A MULTIPARTY STATE, ARE FREQUENTLY
PICKED UP AND HARASSED. ALTHOUGH LAWS ARE BEING PREPARED THAT
WILL PROTECT AT LEAST SOME OF THE NEW RIGHTS TO EXPRESSION AND
INFORMATION, THE DRAFTS UNDER REVIEW DO NOT ALLOW AS MUCH AS
REFORMERS HAD HOPED. FURTHERMORE, IT REMAINS TO BE SEEN
5
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WHETHER SUCH LAWS WILL BE ENACTED, AND, IF ENACTED,
CONSISTENTLY ENFORCED.
THE PEOPLE ARE BEING ALLOWED MORE FREEDOM TO ASSOCIATE.
THE ABILITY TO PARTICIPATE IN POLITICAL DEBATE HAS LED TO AN
EXPLOSION IN THE NUMBER OF INFORMAL ORGANIZATIONS IN THE SOVIET
UNION. TENS OF THOUSANDS OF GROUPS HAVE FORMED -- LITERARY,
CULTURAL, EVEN POLITICAL DISCUSSION GROUPS. THE GOVERNMENT HAS
BEEN REMARKABLY TOLERANT OF THEIR ACTIVITIES. IN FACT, SOME OF
THESE GROUPS WERE INFLUENTIAL IN GETTING REFORMERS ELECTED TO
THE CONGRESS OF PEOPLE'S DEPUTIES IN MARCH.
HERE, AGAIN, THE LIMITS OF GOVERNMENT TOLERANCE ARE BEING
TESTED. ONE GROUP, THE DEMOCRATIC UNION, HAS CALLED FOR A
MULTIPARTY STATE, WHICH GORBACHEV HAS MADE CLEAR WILL NOT BE
TOLERATED. AS A RESULT, ITS MEMBERS ARE FREQUENTLY ARRESTED
AND HARASSED.
6
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AS IS THE CASE WITH FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION AND INFORMATION,
LAWS ARE BEING PREPARED THAT WILL DEFINE THE RIGHTS OF GROUPS.
THESE LAWS WILL INDICATE HOW FAR THE GOVERNMENT IS WILLING TO
GO IN ALLOWING PEOPLE THE FREEDOM TO ASSOCIATE.
THE OPENNESS ALLOWED UNDER GLASNOST HAS ALSO ENCOURAGED
PEOPLE TO EXERCISE UNPRECEDENTED FREEDOM OF ASSEMBLY. UNDER
GORBACHEV, THE NUMBER OF PROTESTS AND STRIKES HAS INCREASED
GEOMETRICALLY OVER PREVIOUS YEARS. HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS OF
PEOPLE HAVE DEMONSTRATED FOR A WIDE RANGE OF CAUSES, FROM HUMAN
RIGHTS TO ETHNIC IDENTITY, WITH LESS FEAR THAN AT ANY TIME IN
THE PAST. UP TO A MILLION PEOPLE PARTICIPATED IN NATIONALIST
DEMONSTRATIONS IN ARMENIA LAST YEAR.
THE LIMITS OF OFFICIAL TOLERANCE ARE BEING STRAINED,
HOWEVER. THE CURRENT LABOR AND ETHNIC UNREST IS CHALLENGING
THE SYSTEM'S ABILITY TO COPE. THE COAL MINERS' STRIKE IN
SIBERIA AND THE UKRAINE, NOW IN ITS SECOND WEEK, IS CAUSING
7
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SIGNIFICANT PROBLEMS, ARMED CLASHES BETWEEN ETHNIC MINORITIES
ARE INCREASING IN THE SOUTHERN U.S.S.R., AND LOCAL AUTHORITIES
ARE HAVING TROUBLE MAINTAINING CONTROL. IN MANY CASES, THE
GOVERNMENT HAS ?HAD TO SEND IN TROOPS.
IN FREEDOM OF RELIGION, WE HAVE SEEN A REMARKABLE SHIFT IN
THE GOVERNMENT'S STANCE. IN THE LAST FEW YEARS, HUNDREDS OF
CHURCHES AND MOSQUES HAVE OPENED IN THE SOVIET UNION. HUNDREDS
OF THOUSANDS OF BIBLES HAVE BEEN ALLOWED INTO THE COUNTRY -- A
SIGNIFICANT INCREASE, THOUGH FAR FROM ENOUGH TO MEET THE
DEMAND. THE GOVERNMENT IS ALLOWING JEWS TO STUDY HEBREW AND TO
OPEN JEWISH CULTURAL CLUBS. IN 1988, DURING A CELEBRATION OF
THE MILLENIUM OF CHRISTIANITY IN RUSSIA, GORBACHEV MET WITH
CHRISTIAN PATRIARCHS -- THE FIRST TIME THAT MOSCOW HAS GIVEN
THEM SUCH PROMINENCE SINCE WORLD WAR II.
THE GOVERNMENT'S TOLERANCE OF RELIGION DOES NOT EXTEND TO
GROUPS IT CONSIDERS A POLITICAL THREAT, HOWEVER. THE UKRAINIAN
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CATHOLIC CHURCH, WHICH HAS BEEN ?LINKED TO NATIONALIST CAUSES,
IS STILL OUTLAWED DESPITE THOUSANDS OF BELIEVERS PRESENTING
PETITIONS TO THE GOVERNMENT.
NEW LAWS ARE BEING CONSIDERED THAT COULD PROTECT THE RIGHTS
OF BELIEVERS AND RELAX THE CRIMINAL CODES TRADITIONALLY USED
AGAINST THEM.
IN ADDITION TO ALLOWING GREATER FREEDOMS -- RANGING FROM
EXPRESSION AND ASSOCIATION TO RELIGION -- THE SOVIET GOVERNMENT
HAS TAKEN STEPS THAT PROVIDE GREATER PROTECTION FROM ARBITRARY
ARRESTS AND IMPROVE GUARANTEES OF PROCEDURAL DUE PROCESS. IN
THE PAST, CRIMINAL DEFENDANTS HAVE NOT HAD THE RIGHT TO LEGAL
COUNSEL DURING AN INVESTIGATION. A LAW TO CHANGE THIS IS NOW
BEING CONSIDERED. ANOTHER LAW, ALREADY PASSED, GIVES CITIZENS
THE RIGHT TO CHALLENGE SOME GOVERNMENT DECISIONS. YET ANOTHER
LAW MAKES IT MORE DIFFICULT FOR THE GOVERNMENT TO SUPPRESS
DISSIDENTS BY SENDING THEM TO PSYCHIATRIC INSTITUTIONS. THIS
9
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YEAR, IN FACT, MOSCOW ALLOWED A U.S. DELEGATION OF PSYCHIATRIC
EXPERTS TO VISIT SOVIET HOSPITALS IN AN ATTEMPT TO PROVE IT WAS
ELIMINATING SUCH PRACTICES.
ALL OF THESE ARE ENCOURAGING DEVELOPMENTS. AND THEY
REPRESENT A DECIDED -- THOUGH NOT NECESSARILY PERMANENT --
SHIFT WITHIN THE SOVIET UNION. ANOTHER INDICATION OF THIS
SHIFT IS THE INCREASED OPPORTUNITY FOR EMIGRATION AND TRAVEL.
SOVIETS ARE EMIGRATING IN RECORD NUMBERS. IN 1988, ALMOST
78,000 JEWS, ETHNIC GERMANS, AND ARMENIANS WERE ALLOWED TO
LEAVE -- A TWOFOLD INCREASE OVER THE PREVIOUS YEAR AND MORE
THAN 40 TIMES THE NUMBER IN 1986.
AND MORE PEOPLE ARE BEING ALLOWED TO TRAVEL TO THE WEST --
A BENEFIT THAT IS ESPECIALLY WELCOME TO SOVIET INTELLECTUALS
AND SCIENTISTS. ORDINARY CITIZENS HAVE BENEFITED AS WELL. THE
NUMBER OF TRIPS TO THE UNITED STATES BY SOVIET CITIZENS HAS
INCREASED TENFOLD SINCE 1986.
10
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THE SOVIETS HAVE DRAFTED A LAW THAT WOULD LEGALIZE THE MORE
LIBERAL SITUATION, ALTHOUGH GOVERNMENT APPROVAL WILL.STILL BE
REQUIRED FOR A CITIZEN TO LEAVE THE COUNTRY.
WE DO NOT KNOW HOW PERMANENT THESE CHANGES WILL BE OR HOW
FAR THE SOVIET GOVERNMENT WILL ULTIMATELY GO IN GRANTING ITS
PEOPLE MORE FREEDOM -- WHETHER IT BE GREATER FREEDOM WITHIN THE
SYSTEM OR FREEDOM TO LEAVE IT. BUT TODAY'S LEADERS APPEAR TO
UNDERSTAND THAT THEIR SYSTEM IS FALTERING LARGELY BECAUSE IT
HAS NOT GIVEN THE PEOPLE ENOUGH BREATHING ROOM -- TO INQUIRE,
ROOM TO INNOVATE, ROOM TO UNLOCK CREATIVITY AND INITIATIVE. IN
FACT, GORBACHEV HAS ACKNOWLEDGED THAT IMPROVING CITIZENS'
RIGHTS IS AN IMPORTANT PART OF A GREATER STRATEGY -- HE SEES IT
AS A KEY TO HIS ECONOMIC REFORMS. BUT HE HAS ALSO MADE IT
CLEAR THAT THE GOVERNMENT WILL JUDGE THE PROPER LIMITS AND THAT
IT WILL CRACK DOWN IF THE PRESSURES UNLEASHED GET OUT OF HAND.
11
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THE FINAL VERSIONS OF THE LAWS UNDER REVIEW WILL GIVE SOME
INDICATION OF THE LIMITS THE GOVERNMENT HAS DECIDED TO SET ON
THE VARIOUS FREEDOMS ALLOWED SOVIET CITIZENS. AND TO THE
EXTENT THAT WE CAN WITNESS THE PROCESS, WE WILL HAVE A BETTER
UNDERSTANDING OF THE GOALS OF THE SOVIET LEADERS AND THE STEPS
THEY THINK NECESSARY TO ACHIEVE THOSE GOALS.
WE MUST RECOGNIZE THAT RELAXATIONS OF REPRESSIVE SOVIET
POLICIES COULD BE REVERSED AT ANY TIME. THE SOVIET UNION HAS A
LONG HISTORY OF SELECTIVELY ENFORCING ITS LAWS. SO EVEN ?
CHANGES IN THE LEGAL CODE WILL NOT GUARANTEE THE PERMANENCE OF
THE NEW PRACTICES.
THE JUDICIARY IN THE SOVIET UNION IS NOT AN INDEPENDENT
CHECK ON THE GOVERNMENT AS IN THE UNITED STATES. THE PARTY
INTERFERES IN LEGAL CASES, OFTEN DICTATING DECISIONS TO THE
COURTS -- A SYSTEM KNOWN AS "TELEPHONE JUSTICE."
12
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GORBACHEV KNOWS THAT LEGAL REFORM GOES HAND IN HAND WITH
OTHER CHANGES. HE HAS ADVOCATED THE CREATION OF A STATE OF LAW
IN WHICH LAW APPLIES TO OFFICIALS AND CITIZENS ALIKE.
BUT A STATE OF LAW CANNOT EXIST WITHOUT AN INDEPENDENT
JUDICIARY. UNTIL THE COURTS IN THE SOVIET UNION ARE GRANTED
SUCH INDEPENDENCE, RIGHTS AND FREEDOMS GRANTED THE PEOPLE WILL
NOT BE GUARANTEED.
THE SOVIET UNION REMAINS A PRIMARY FOCUS OF OUR
INTELLIGENCE COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS. DESPITE PERESTROIKA AND
GLASNOST, THE ADVERSARIAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE SOVIET UNION
AND THE UNITED STATES- REMAINS. SOVIET INTELLIGENCE ACTIVITIES
DIRECTED AT THE U.S. HAVE NOT ABATED. OUR NEW EMBASSY BUILDING
IN MOSCOW, SKILLFULLY PENETRATED BY THE SOVIETS, REMAINS
UNOCCUPIED. THE BERLIN WALL STILL STANDS, A CONTINUING SYMBOL
OF THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN OUR SYSTEMS.
13
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GORBACHEV'S EFFORTS TO REFORM HIS COUNTRY HAVE NOT ALTERED
THESE TRUTHS. IN FACT, THEY MAKE INTELLIGENCE OF EVEN GREATER
IMPORTANCE TO THE AMERICAN PEOPLE. WE MUST HELP THE AMERICAN
POLICYMAKER SORT OUT WHAT'S GOING ON IN THE SOVIET UNION AND
WHAT IT MEANS BOTH FOR THAT COUNTRY AND FOR THE UNITED STATES.
WE MUST MANAGE THE EXPLOSION OF INFORMATION THAT HAS
OCCURRED UNDER GLASNOST. THERE IS MORE INFORMATION TO COLLECT,
PROCESS, AND ANALYZE THAN EVER BEFORE. ALTHOUGH THIS IS A
WELCOME CHANGE, WE ARE INCREASINGLY CHALLENGED TO DETERMINE
WHAT IS IMPORTANT AND WHAT IS NOT, WHAT IS REAL VERSUS WHAT
MOSCOW WANTS US TO HEAR.
IN THE AREA OF INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS, THE INTELLIGENCE TASK IS
MADE MORE DIFFICULT BY THE FACT THAT, DESPITE GLASNOST, MUCH OF
SOVIET LAW IS UNPUBLISHED AND SOME IS EVEN SECRET.
THE CHANGES IN CITIZENS' RIGHTS ARE BUT ONE ASPECT OF THE
REFORMS WE ARE OBSERVING IN THE SOVIET UNION. AND THE SOVIET
114
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4
UNION IS BUT ONE OF MANY CONCERNS OF AMERICAN INTELLIGENCE.
WITH UNCOMMON CHANGES TAKING PLACE AROUND THE WORLD, WE ARE
INCREASINGLY CHALLENGED TO PROVIDE THE INFORMATION OUR NATION
NEEDS TO MAKE WISE DECISIONS.
ACQUIRING AND ANALYZING SUCH INFORMATION IS THE JOB OF THE
MEN AND WOMEN OF AMERICAN INTELLIGENCE. AND THEIR SUCCESS IS
THE RESULT OF DETERMINATION, SKILL, TENACITY, AND COURAGE.
INTELLIGENCE -- ON AN INCREASING NUMBER OF ISSUES -- HAS
NEVER BEEN MORE IMPORTANT. AND I ASSURE YOU THAT WE WILL
CONTINUE TO SUPPORT OUR GOVERNMENT AS IT DEVELOPS AND CARRIES
OUT POLICIES THAT NOT ONLY ADDRESS OUR NATION'S CONCERNS BUT
WILL MOVE US ALL TOWARD A BETTER AND A SAFER WORLD.
15
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-
ROUTING AND RECORD SHEET
SUBJECT: (Optional) DCI Addition to Eighth Circuit Judicial Conference Remarks
21 July 1989
FROM:
James W. Greenleaf
Director, Public Aff:a_
EXTENSION
NO.
PAO 89-0227
DATE
17 July 1989
TO: (Officer designation, room number, and
building)
DATE
FORWARDED
OFFICER'S
INITIALS
COMMENTS (Number each comment to show from whom
to whom. Draw a line across column after each comment.)
ER
Z ?
2.
3.
DCI
4.
5.
'PAO
-. ?
7.
8.
9.
10.
12.
13.
14.
15.
STAT
FORM 61 0 USE PREVIOUS
1-79 EDITIONS
?-309-fct
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V- "?
JUDGE:
RE: Addition to your
proposed remarks
to the Eighth Circuit
PAO 89-0227
17 July 1989
As you requested Friday, we are providing a passage on the concept of an
independent judiciary for your speech on the Soviet Union at the Eighth
Circuit Judicial Conference.
STAT
STAT
STAT
STAT
Given the discussion of laws and the selective enforcement of laws on page
12 of your proposed remarks, we suggest that you insert this passage at the
bottom of that page, following ". . .changes in the legal code will not
guarantee the permanence of the new practices."
This passage was coordinated with Assistant NIO/USSR, and
Chief, Societal Issues Brankirs?Office of Soviet Analysis.
Attachments:
As stated
DCI! PAO
Distribution:
Orig. - DCI
1 -
1 -
1 - 0/PAD
1 -
1 -
1 - ER
1 - PAO Registry
1 - PAO Ames
1 - (Chrono)
Jim Greenleaf
STAT
STAT
P-30,1-.1A(
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V
4
THE JUDICIARY IN THE SOVIET UNION IS NOT AN INDEPENDENT
CHECK ON THE GOVERNMENT AS IN THE UNITED STATES, THE PARTY
INTERFERES IN LEGAL CASES, OFTEN DICTATING DECISIONS TO THE
COURTS -- A SYSTEM KNOWN AS "TELEPHONE JUSTICE."
GORBACHEV KNOWS THAT LEGAL REFORM GOES HAND IN HAND WITH
OTHER CHANGES. HE HAS ADVOCATED CREATING A STATE OF LAW IN
WHICH LAW APPLIES TO OFFICIALS AND CITIZENS ALIKE.
BUT A STATE OF LAW CANNOT EXIST WITHOUT AN INDEPENDENT
JUDICIARY. UNTIL THE COURTS IN THE SOVIET UNION ARE GRANTED
SUCH INDEPENDENCE, RIGHTS AND FREEDOMS GRANTED THE PEOPLE WILL
NOT BE GUARANTEED.
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ROUTING AND RECORD SHEET
SUBJECT: (Optional)
Press Conference Eighth Circuit Judicial Conference, Minneapolis, MN
Friday, 21 July 1989
FROM:
James W. Greenleaf, D/PAO
EXTENSION
NO.
PAO 89/0221
7D00, Hdqs.
DATE
14 July 1989
COMMENTS (Number each comment to show from whom
to whom. Draw a line across column after each comment.)
TO: (Officer designation, room number, and
building)
DATE
OFFICER'S
RECEIVED
FORWARDED
INITIALS
I .
ER
....:- .
. -,t,
STAT
/1-----d
?
2.
3. .
DE'
1,7
4 .
-
PAO -
? 6.
,
,
. STAT
Yr
, .
7.
8.
9.
10.
1 1 .
12.
13.
14
?
15.
FORM 61 0 USE PREVIOUS
1.-79
P-3oct
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ADMINISIKAllft rhiLrummL u.3c. UNLI
JUDGE:
RE: Press Conference
Eighth Circuit Judicial Conference
Minneapol i s, Minnesota
Press Conference
Friday, 21 July 1989
13 July 1989
? You are addressing the Eighth Circuit Judicial Conference in Minneapolis
from 9:00 - 9:45 a.m. on Friday, 21 July.- Circuit Executive, June Boadwine,
has asked if you wish to participate in the news conference which will be held
after the General Session at 12:30 p.m. in Nicollet foyer B. Other speakers
who will be participating are Legal Affairs Correspondent for National Public
Radio Nina Totenberg and University of Texas Law Professor Harold Bruff. AP
will cover the news conference that will last approximately 30 minutes.
: Agree, I wish to participate in the news conference
Disagree
414.
41.ec;5?goft
C av Verf a4:0.?
'I .
4,1
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ADMINISTRATIVE INTERNAL USE ONLY
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100/PAO 25X1
Distribution': 25X1
Orig. - DCI
1 -
1 - ER
1 - D/PAO
1 - PAO Registry
1 - AO Ames
1 (Subject)
1 DCI Security
. PAO 89-022/
14 July 1989
MEMORANDUM FOR: Director of Central Intelligence
FROM:
Jim Greenleaf
Director, Public Affairs Office
SUBJECT: Trip to Minneapolis, Minnesota to Address the
Eighth Circuit Judicial Conference
1. This is background information for your trip to Minneapolis to address
the Eighth Circuit Judicial Conference on Friday, 21 July at 9:00 a.m. at the
Hyatt Regency Hotel, 1300 Nicollet Mall. Phone: [phone]. I will meet
you at the hotel in Minneapolis and remain throughout the program.
2. Arrangements for Your Address of the Eighth Circuit Judicial
Conference: You are asked to be at the Nicollet room B-D, for your address.
Your remarks are scheduled to begin at 9:00 a.m. and James M. Rosenbaum,
United States District Judge for the District of Minnesota, who is presiding
over the Conference, will be on stage with you and introduce you. (See tab
0 for biography.) The suggested format is 30 minutes of remarks followed by 15
minutes of questions and answers. Your section of the morning program will
conclude at 9:45 p.m. A microphone and podium will be available. DCI
Security will tape your remarks for the Agency's historical files. The
Conference also plans to use our transcript of your remarks for the Eighth
Circuit Judicial Conference Proceedings. Following your address Congressman
Neal Smith (D-IOWA), Judge Richard Arnold (Eighth Circuit), Legal Affairs
Correspondent for National Public Radio Nina Totenberg, Judge Richard Posner
(Seventh Circuit), Professor Harold Bruff (University of Texas), and Senator
Dale Bumpers (D-ARKANSAS) will speak during the morning session. (See tab for
agenda.)
3. Audience and Media Coverage: You can expect an audience of 500
judges, attorneys, and spouses. A press release was sent to all newspapers in
the 7 states of the circuit and the media in Minneapolis and St. Paul. The
MINNEAPOLIS STAR AND TRIBUNE, THE ST. PAUL PIONEER PRESS AND DISPATCH, and the
local TV and radio stations may cover the event. The press can ask questions
during the question and answer period, but usually do not participate in the
session. (See tab for press release.)
4. Background: The theme of the 1989 Judicial Conference will be "The
Federal Judiciary--200 Years and Beyond." Topics at the conference will
include "The Genesis of the Judiciary", "The Federal Judiciary--Heading Toward
0 2000", and panel discussions on "Changes in the Role of the Courts", and "Do
Courts Have the Capacity to Face the Future?".
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UNITEDSTATESCOURTS
Judicial Council Of The Eighth Circuit
P.O. Box 75428
St. Paul, Minnesota 55175
612-290-3311 FTS: 777-3311
May 2, 1989
Hon. William H. Webster
Director
Central Intelligence Agency
Washington, D.C. 20505
Dear Friend:
CIRCUIT COURT MEMBERS
Hon. Donald P. Lay, Chief Judge
Hon. Gerald W. Heaney
Hon. Theodore McMillian
Hon. Richard S. Arnold
Hon. John R. Gibson
Hon. George G. Fagg
Hon. Pasco M. Bowman
Hon. Roger L Wollman
Hon. Frank J. Magill
Hon. C. Arlen Beam
DISTRICT COURT MEMBERS
Hon. John F. Nongle, Chief Judge
Hon. Donald D. Alsop, Chief Judge
Hon. Donald E. O'Brien, Chief Judge
Hon. Donald J. Porter, Chief Judge
Hon. Pctrick A. Con my. Chief Judge
Hon. Warren K Urbom
Hon. George Howard, Jr.
CIRCUIT EXECUTIVE
June L. Boadwine
I am delighted we will get to see your smiling face at the
Conference! You will find enclosed the registration material, as
well as a guest information sheet, which I would appreciate your
staff sending back to me by June 15. If possible, I would like
to know if you-will be attending the meetings of the Judicial
Council and the chief judges (shown on the conference agenda
enclosed).
As I usually do, I have blocked eleven rooms plus a suite for you
at the Hyatt in Minneapolis. I have informed the person with
whom I am working (Ginger Peterson) that your staff will be
contacting the hotel to confirm these reservations and to make
any further requests that you have. If there is anything further
that you would like me to do, please don't hesitate to let me
know.
Again, it will be great to see you.
Best personal wishes.
Sincerely,
si
/
Juiie L. Boadwine
Circuit Executive
JLB/cbb
Encl.
cc: Hon. Donald P. Lay
Ms. Millie Adams
William H. Baker
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UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
FOR THE
DISTRICT OF MINNESOTA
CHAMBERS
JUDGE JAMES M. ROSENBAUM
January 31, 1989
Hon. William Webster
Central Intelligence Agency
Washington, DC 20505
Re: Eighth Circuit Judicial Conference
Dear Judge Webster:
hobo Regisby
89-0435
669 U.S. COURTHOUSE
MINNEAPOLIS, MN 55401
Thank you for agreeing to speak at the Eighth Circuit Judicial
Conference on July 21, 1989. As we discussed, your address is
scheduled for 9:00 a.m.
We will look forward to hearing your thoughts regarding the
agency and the Washington scene as well as any observations of the
new administration you can share with us.
It was a pleasure chatting with you. I hope I may be able to
see you in Washington, but in any event I will look forward to
seeing you at the conference.
Very truly yours,
es M. Rosenbaum
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ROUTING AND RECORD SHEET
SUBJECT'
(;436'1) DCI Proposed Remarks - Eighth
Circuit Judicial Conference
21 July 1989
FROM:
James
Director,
W. Greenlea
Public
1 EXTENSION
NO.
PAO 89-0219
DATE
10 July 1989
TO: (Officer designation, room number, and
building)
DATE
OFFICER'S
INITIALS
COMMENTS (Number each comment to show from whom
to whom. Draw a line across column after each comment.)
RECEIVED
FORWARDED
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PAO 89-0219
1 - PAO Registry
1 -
PAO Ames
10 July 1989
(Chrono)
1 -
25X1
1 -
You will be addressing the 1989 Eighth Circuit Judicial Conference in
Minneapolis on Friday, 21 July at 9:00 a.m. The conference, "The Federal
Judiciary -- 200 Years and Beyond," will include discussions on the history of
the courts and challenges for the future.
As suggested in the outline submitted to you on 15 June (see attached
opposite), your proposed remarks explore how the rights and freedoms of the
Soviet citizen have changed under Gorbachev.
In the introduction, you discuss some of the world events that have
occurred since your last speech to the Eighth Circuit, including developments
in Poland, Panama, and China. You then discuss some of the changes we are
observing in the Soviet Union. Your thesis, which is on page 3, says: , "In
the past few years, we have seen significant change in the exercising of
individual rights in the Soviet Union, although, certainly, many problems
remain. Today I would like to talk more about this change, what it may mean
for the Soviet people, and the challenge these issues represent for American
intelligence."
This draft was coordinated with Fritz Ermarth, Chairman of the N tional
Intelligence Council; Assistant Nb/USSR;
Chief, Societal Issues Branch, Office of Soviet Analysis (DI); and a number of
analysts in branch.
Your proposed remarks are attached.
Jim Greenleaf
Attachments:
As stated
Drif
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