HYDROELECTRIC POWER PLANTS IN THE USSR

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80T00246A025800120001-2
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 10
• Document Creation Date: December 27, 2016
• Document Release Date: May 16, 2014
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: February 28, 1964
• Content Type: REPORT

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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2014/05/16: 6IA-RDP80T00246A025800120001-2
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
This material contains information affecting the National Defense of the United States within the meaning of the Espionage laws, Title
18, U.S.C. Secs. 793 and 794, the transmission or revelation of which in any manner to an unauthorized person is prohibited by law.
50X1 -HUM
COUNTRY USSR
SUBJECT
Hydroelectric Power Plants in the USSR
DATE OF
INFO.
PLACE &
DATE ACQ.
REPORT
DATE DISTR. 28 Feb 64
NO. PAGES 1
REFERENCES
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THIc IS lINPVAI ['ATP(*) imunotaATinki
5
4
3
2
1
'STATE
the following Soviet papers on
Hydroelectric Power Manta in the USSR:
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a. Bratsk Hydroelectric Station, Moscow 1962 (in English)
b. Kremenchugskaya Gidroelektrostantsiya (ICremenchug Wdroelectric
Station) (in Russian). 50X1 -HUM
I ARMY
I NAVY
end
I AIR
5
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GROUP I
Excluded from automatic
downgrading and
declassification
I FBI
I AEC
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CON7'1101.i.Ell DISSEAt NO =SEM ABROAD
4111111MOMMOM
The dissemination of this document is limited to civilian employees and active duty military personnel within the intelligence components
of the HMI member agencies, and to those senior officials of the member agencies who must act upon the information. However, unless specifically controlled
in accordance with paragraph 8 of DC1D 1/7, it may be released to those components of the departments and agencies of the U. S. Government directly
participating in the production of National Intelligence. IT SHALL NOT BE DISSEMINATED TO CONTRACTORS. It shall not be disseminated ?So organisa-
tions or personnel, Including consultants, tinder a contractual relationship to the U.S. Government without the written permission of the originator.
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units?with enlarged double block (2 units \\ itch into a seuie
of single-phase transformers 500/15.75 kV), Connection to the
switchyards accomplished for a voltage of 220 kV by oil-filled
high-tension cables and for a voltage of 500 kV by air lines.
The powerplant has 20 units with Francis turbines of
230,000 kW capacity each, with design head If =100 m, operating
at 125 rpm, with runner of 5.5 diameter; generator capacity,
power factor of 0.85, is equal to 225,000 kW. The switchyards for
220 and 500 kV are on the left bank.
The superstructure is made mainly of prefabricated rein-
forced concrete with walls assembled of three-layer panels. The
roofing is of prestressed reinforced concrete T-beams.
The remoteness of the construction site of the Bratsk project
from the industrial centres of the country, sparse settled sur-
rounding areas and poor transport communication in the initial
period necessitated creating local building industry and extensive
construction of settlements and roads.
During the preparatory period of 2 years (1955-1957), the
following was accomplished: about 100 km of access roads were
constructed: 650 km transmission line was built from the Ir-
kutsk hydroelectric station to Bratsk, with substations; local
construction industry was set up including plants preparing
building materials, and repair and maintenance works; storage
facilities and specialiml mounting-construction bases were or-
ganized; thus a total of 2,650,000 cu m of construction interprises
3
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? Spillway section.
/?deformation Joint hollow;
2?Inspection galleries; 3?
grouting galleries.
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? Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2014/05/16: CIA-RDP80T00246A025800120001-2
were built; settlements for the construction personne with a to-
tal living space of 230,000 sq m and construction roads of a
total length of 340 km were also built.
The :?Ji stru, ? erected in two stages behind cof-
fertlaiti.-. First ?4 ,11 as erected the darn on the right bank,
including the spillway sections and a series of blocks of the
powerhouse. At this time, the diversion flow was passed through
the nari ow left bank part of the river bed of a width of about
300 m.
The left bank section of the darn with the rest of the power-
house was erected in the second stage. The diversion flow
passed through ten ternporary bottom openings left in the
spillway part of the dam.
The reservoir began to be filled early in September, 1961,
after the bottom openings had been closed. The first two units
of 225,000 kW each were put into operation late in November,
1961, at 50 m intermediate head.
A construction steel trestle connecting both banks at a height
of over 90 m was erected parallel to the dam centre line, with
a total amount of steel of 27,000 tons, for placing- concrete, mo-
unting and construction operations and to maintain continuous
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Intake dam.
I?hollow of deformation joint: 2?inspection galleries; geErieS; 4- Qnstr.,ck, powerhouse.
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railroad traffic on Taishet?Lena railroad v in filling the R.
servoir. The lower floor of the trestle is a railroad and liigli i\
hr idge. On the upper floor of the trestle are cran, Rump..
railroad traA, ith six 22-ton travelling hammerhea i111,
ae.;"'` ? The concrete is delivered to aires
trucks in 6.4 cu m buckets placed on the truck platforms.
During the first stage of concrete work, placing of the con-
crete mix was performed from a small constiuction trestle, 30 m
high and comprising 7,000 tons of structural steel, installed
between the? downstream face and the powerhouse. The concrete
was delivered by a 10-ton portal-boom crane in 3 cu m buckets.
At the upstream the concrete mix was placed by 10-ton tower
cranes. At present the smaller trestle is used for the construction
of the powerhouse.
The concrete mix is prepared at two mixing plants: three-
section plant with four 2.5 cu m concrete mixers in each, with
375 cu m per hr or 135,000 cu m per month capacity; the second
one-section plant with four 2,5 cu m concrete mixers and a
total capacity of 125 cu m per hr or 45,000 cu m per month.
The cement storage of 8 silos holds 16,000 tons of cement, 2,000
tons in each silo.
Concrete placing in the darn is in pillar-like blocks with ver-
tical construction joints spaced 13.8 m along the entire length;
the joints are grouted after the mass concrete cools off.
Impermeable and frost-resistant concrete, grade 200, is used
in the external zones of the darn and grade 100 concrete for the
core.
The concrete mix is pl.ced in lifts each 3 m high, with 50-cm
layers, and compacted by pack vibrators with capacity up to 45
and 120 cu m per hr. The pack vibrators are controlled by 5-ton
mobile tower cranes, which are also used for installation of the
forms. Wooden cantilever forms, steel forms and concrete lining
blocks (weighing 5 and 7.5 tons) are used to form the lifts.
During the summer the maximum of 135,000 cu nr per month
was placed with a height of about 6.5 m per month, and
86,000 cu ri per month in the winter time.
Cooling of the concrete was of two-stage tubular system wit!.
2.5-cm diameter tubes. The coolant at the first stage is the river
water with a temperature not higher than .1 15?C, at the second
stage- brine with a temp-rature of --5? C.
Dam untie; cortstructiol,
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)
-5-
Unit 220,000 220,000 kW.
? Measuring instruments and meters are provided at ten spe-
cial sections of the dam for observation of displacements in the
dam body, temperature regime, deformations and stresses in the
concrete, stresses in of the foundation, and seepage.
The total volumes of all structures of the project are. exca-
vation of earth and rock-----3,400,000 cu m: eartl liii aci r,..ek
fill-9,600,000 cu m, concrete and reinforced conetete----4,800,000
Cu m.
The Bratsk hydroelectric station is de5igned mainly for power
and navigation. At the initial period of operation electric
power will be transmitted to the existing and ncwly built indu-
strial areas in Eastern Siberia; subsequently, after establishment
of the 500 kV transmission line, Bratsk hydroelectric station
will be connected to the Siberian power system.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2014/05/16: CIA-RDP80T00246A025800120001-2