POLYGRAPH RESEARCH FIVE-YEAR PLAN

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP91B00390R000400490009-4
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 26
• Document Creation Date: December 27, 2016
• Document Release Date: August 20, 2013
• Sequence Number: 9
• Publication Date: May 19, 1988
• Content Type: MEMO

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? MEMORANDUM FOR:
VIA:
25X1 FROM:
SUBJECT:
Deputy Director for Administration
Deputy Director for Science & Technology
Director of Research & Development
Director of Medical Services
Director of Security
Polygraph Research Five-Year Plan
REFERENCE: Inspector General's 1987 Report on the
Agency Polygraph Program
1. The referenced report recommends that a five-year
polygraph research and funding plan be developed. The proposed
plan, set forth below, is essentially an updated version of the
polygraph research plan developed in 1986. This submission
reflects two additional years planning, as well as the
organizational changes which have taken place in the polygraph
research arena over the past year. plan requires
25X1 resources of and from people per year for the 25X1
next five years.
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2. The structure of the polygraph research organization
was altered substantially on 17 September 1987. A Polygraph
Steering Committee (PSC) was formed which is accountable to the
Chief, Polygraph Division (PD), the Polygraph Program Manager.
The PSC oversees four newly formed working groups covering
Instrumentation, Validity, Countermeasures and Methodology.
The bulk of the polygraph research is being done under the
auspices of one of these working groups. Polygraph Division's
in-house research facility is conducting applied research,
generally in support of one or more of the above working
groups. The PSC is also advisory to the Polygraph Program
Manager regarding polygraph research being sponsored by the
Office of Research & Development (ORD). The Committee is
informational to the Personnel Security Research Panel (PSRP)
regarding milestones endorsed by the Polygraph Program
Manager. The PSRP is advisory to the Director of Security.
SE
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3. The following initiatives constitute the current
a(ctivities of the Polygraph Research Program:
INSTRUMENTATION WORKING GROUP - This Group, with
_representation from the Office of Security/Polygraph
Division (OS/PD), OS/Engineering Division (ED), OS/Research
& Analysis Staff (RAS), ORD, and the Office of Medical
Services (OMS), is chaired by the Chief, Information
Systems Branch (INSB/ED). This group recently completed a
program plan designed to produce a Modern Polygraph System
(MPS). The Group has prepared the System Requirements
specifications for an initial brassboard model which is
expected to be available by May 1989. Evaluation and
testing of this model will follow and lead to the
production of engineering models of the MPS, Phase I.
Enhancement to the MPS is planned in two additional phases
over a five-year period with each phase providing greater
utility and support to the polygrapher in performing an
examination. Education and training regarding the MPS will
parallel its development and incorporate expected
feedback. The detailed Polygraph Instrumentation Program
Plan (PIPP), including resource requirements, is attached.
The Information Systems Branch will include a five-year
projection in the Plan when it is published again in the
second quarter of FY88.
25X1 INSB funding to support the MPS in FY88 is for
the production of an MPS Phase I brassboard and the
25X1 updating of the PIPP. In FY89, will be required for
the procurement of Phase I engineering models, evaluation
and testing of the Phase I hardware and software, the
preparation of further refinements to the MPS (Phase II and
III) requirements, the development of a Phase II brassboard
25X1 and updating the PIPP. FY90 funding of will include
Phase II evaluation and testing and the completion of
enhanced requirements to the MPS Phase III requirements and
25X1 updating the PIPP. FY91 funding of will include
tasks for the development and testing of special interfaces
and software for MPS Phase III, development of a portable
MPS, evaluation and testing of Phase III, support for MPS
Phase III procurement by Pol ?ra h Division, and updating
25X1 the PIPP. FY92 funding of will include support to
Polygraph Division for the procurement and the installation
25X1 of Phase III, special modifications to the MPS software,
and the evaluation and testing of MPS Phase III. The
25X1 manpower to support the above tasks is three people for
each Fiscal Year.
OS/PD support of the above effort, including equipment
procurement and systems engineering and integration, will
25X1 require for FY88, each for FY89 & 90 and
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each for FY91 and 92. The procurement of the production
model MPS will be funded through OS/PD at an anticipated
25X1 cost of in FY91 and in FY92.
VALIDITY WORKING GROUP - The Polygraph Validity
Working Group (PVWG), chaired by a Research Psychologist
from Research Branch, Research & Information Systems
Division, OMS, was formed in September 1987. The PVWG
consists of representatives from OMS, OS and ORD. The
first major task of the working group is to develop a
research methodology designed to assess the validity of the
specific polygraph interviewing procedures now being used
in the Agency. The target date for completion of this
research plan is December 1988.
The research methods developed by this group will be
specifically designed to investigate the issues related to
the validity of the polygraph interview when used in the
context of employment screening (i.e., applicant
processing, trial, and reinvestigation polygraphs). Every
effort will be made to develop procedures that take into
account specific criticisms of past validation studies of
the polygraph technique when used in the screening mode.
In FY89, the research proposals developed by the PVWG
will be implemented. It is anticipated that as the results
of these studies become available, new research plans will
be developed and original proposals modified. Polygraph
validation research in the Agency will be long-term,
continuing and evolving.
Funding during FY89 will be for travel to meet with
methodological experts in the public and private sectors.
Additionally, we may wish to host interagency (CIA, DOD,
NSA, FBI) meetings to coordinate validation research and to
distribute the draft research proposal for external review.
25X1 Total estimated funding for FY89 is Funding
requirements beyond 1989 are difficult to estimate;
however, they can be expected to equal or exceed the FY89
requirements. We anticipate that all research will be
conducted within the Agency by individuals expert in
research design and analysis. The particular Agency
components responsible for executing this research have yet
to be determined.
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COUNTERMEASURES WORKING GROUP - The Chief of the
Polygraph Division Research Section has been designated to
chair the Countermeasures Working Group. Funding was made
available in FY87 for
to assist in the development of a Counter-
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measures Research Program Plan. A two-day conference was
held 7 and 8 December 1987, which was attended by experts
within and outside of Government, for the purpose of
identifying the issues and objectives that should be
-included in the plan. Individuals from within CIA will
25X1 supplement the work of to address the unique
aspects of the countermeasures threat posed by the
operational cases conducted for the Directorate of
Operations. The target date for completion of this
research plan is December 1988.
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Funding resources in the amount of per year,
beginning in FY89, are needed to fund countermeasures
research. It is possible that the Countermeasures Research
Program being developed will provide requirements for
additional countermeasures research. This amount will
allow one new countermeasures research initiative per year
and also provide funding for one follow-on project per
year. This level of funding should result in significant
improvement in developing the ability to detect, counter
and respond to countermeasures that will continually be
directed at our operational testing program.
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METHODOLOGY WORKING GROUP - This Group, chaired by
the Chief, Training Section, Polygraph School, PD/OS, was
formed in November 1987. The Polygraph Steering Committee
decided that methodology research could best be
accomplished by participating in an interagency-directed
effort supplemented by CIA-sponsored research for any
unique requirements not addressed by the interagency
effort. The Interagency Group is chaired by
Chief, Polygraph and Personnel Security, NSA.
Other members include Dr. William Yankee and Dr. Gordon
Barland from the Defense Polygraph Institute and the
Chairmen of the CIA Countermeasures and Methodology Working
Groups. No funding is anticipated for methodology research
projects during FY88 and 89. Funding requirements for
research in FY90, 91, and 92 are estimated to be per
year in order to accommodate methodology research in
support of the Modern Polygraph System. Funding
requirements will be greater if the majority of the
research is not conducted within the Agency.
4. The above working groups represent an organizational
division of labor according to function. They are designed to
address the basic research requirements of the Agency's
polygraph program. Each of these working groups is dependent
upon the goodwill and resources of the members' managers. The
Working Groups, however, are supported by two additional
offices with long-term specific charters to address polygraph
research needs.
OFFICE OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT - The role of ORD
in the Agency's polygraph research program has been
primarily to investigate approaches and technologies 5 to
20 years in the future. Recently ORD has also assisted in
developing the Modern Polygraph System Requirements, and
continues to assist in drafting engineering requirements
for that system. ORD will also help incorporate new
25X1 measures into the MPS. In addition, ORD will
contribute in an advisory capacity in validity,
countermeasures and methodology research.
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Currently, ORD sponsors four projects in support of
polygraphy, with three other projects in planning:
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The current bud et for ORD's polygraph research is
for FY88 and per year for the next five years.
(The bulk of the FY88 funds were spent on a study of
advanced polygraph concepts; additional resources have not
been required in FY88 due to delays incurred while waiting
for Human Subject Review Board approval.) If all of the
current projects are successful, these funds will prove
inadequate. The Instrumentation Program Plan called for
funding in the amounts of for
FY88-90, respectively. These figures represent what was
thought to be necessary for continuation of all of the
current research. Additionally, ORD is presently examining
the possibility of increasing its support of the
Instrumentation Program
The figures shown in
the Funding Requirements attachment of this memorandum
represent a preliminary projection of the funding needed
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for this increased effort, assuming that such an increase
will not be possible until FY90. Equally critical to the
success of the ORD effort is staffing. ORD currently has
one person assigned to polygraph research. The increased
,effort will require one additional slot.
POLYGRAPH RESEARCH FACILITY - This facility will
continue to engage in applied polygraph research. The
research done here is intended to provide near-term support
to the on-line examiner and ongoing support to the above
working groups. Current near-term projects include:
Automation of Data Collection;
Computer Assisted
Polygraph Validation; Automated Storage and Retrieval
System for Polygraph Research Literature; and Development
of a Laboratory Facility
Any prototype or methodology
developed in any working group will be tested in this
facility.
25X1 For FY88, is necessary in order to fund
additional equipment to complete the data automation system
and to purchase software, supplies, maintenance contracts
and reference books for a research library. 'It is
25X1 estimated this amount can be reduced to for each year
from FY89 through FY92.
5. The funds and positions needed to accommodate the
Polygraph Research program have been included in the program
plans of ORD and OS/ED. Polygraph Division has programmed for
the necessary positions to support this effort in FY89 and the
necessary funding beginning in FY90. However, to meet the
OS/PD agenda in FY88 and 89, internal Personnel Security
program funds will be reprogrammed.
SE 8 ET
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6. The above five-year plan represents a coordinated
effort on the part of OS, ORD and OMS to meet the Agency's
future polygraph needs. The persons involved are making a
substantial contribution toward this effort.
ATTACHMENTS:
A. Polygraph Research Funding Requirements
B. Polygraph Research Project Schedule
C. Polygraph Research Manpower Requirements
D. Polygraph Instrumentation Program Plan
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SUBJECT: Polygraph Research Five-Year Plan
CONCUR:
Director of Research & Development Date
Director of Medical Services Date
APPROVED:
Deputy Director for Administration Date
Deputy Director for Science and Technology Date
OS/PS/R&AS
Distribution:
Orig. - Return
2 - DDA
2 - DDS&T
1 - ORD
1 - OMS
rlat-.7=7.:agn-e-657.5n:T:
1 - R&AS --
1 - D/OS
1 - DD/PS
1 - DD/PTS
to D/OS
25 April 1988
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POLYGRAPH INSTRUMENTATION PROGRAM PLAN
AUGUST 1987
Polygraph Instrumentation Working Group (PIWG) Membership:
Office of Security -
Office of Research and Development -
...Office of Medical Services -
Systems Engineering and Integration Contractor -
p.
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_SSIll?F-ftrENITAL
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0
2.0
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
INTRODUCTION
3.0
BACKGROUND
7
3.1
DIRECTORATE REPRESENTATION
7
3.2
KEY MEETINGS
7
3.3
KEY DOCUMENTS
7
3.4,
RESEARCH
10
3.5
LIBRARY DATABASE
10
4.0
ISSUES AFFECTING THE PROGRAM PLAN
12
4.1
ENHANCEMENT TOOLS
12
4.2
STATE-OF-THE-ART INSTRUMENTATION
17
4.3
POLYGRAPHER ACCEPTANCE
18
4.4
IMPACT ON POLYGRAPH ENVIRONMENT
18
4.5
POLYGRAPH FOCAL POINT
19
4.6
SUPPORT TO VALIDITY ENHANCEMENT
19
4 ? 7
MODERN POLYGRAPH SYSTEM ,(MP S ) REQUIREMENTS
20
4.8
TRANSITION REQUIREMENTS
20
5.0
RECOMMENDED INSTRUMENTATION .PLAN
22
5.1
INSTRUMENTATION PROGRAM -REQUIREMENTS
-22
5.2
INSTRUMENTATION PROGRAM MAST ER SCHEDULE
24
5.3
RECOMMENDED TASKS OF THE INSTRUMENTATION
24
PLAN
5.3.1 -PLANNING AND ANALYSIS
24
5.3.2 THEORETICAL INSTRUMENTATION RESEARCH
28
5.3.3 PROTOTYPING
30
5.3.4 MODERN POLYGRAPH SYSTEM (:MPS)
31
DEVELOPMENT
5.3.5 EDUCATION AND TRAINING
33
5.3.6 POLYGRAPH FOCAL POINT
3-5
5.4
PROGRAM RESOURCE REQUIREMENTS
37
5.5
PAYOFF/RISK ANALYSIS: INSTRUMENTATION PLAN
40
6.0
RECOMMENDED SPECIFIC ACTION ITEMS
42
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5.,(114?FrIAL
APPENDICES
45
A. RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE INSPECTOR GENERAL
46
B. GLOSSARY OF POLYGRAPH AND PROGRAM PLAN TERMS
49
C. REFERENCES
55
LIST OF FIGURES
1. MAJOR POLYGRAPH AREAS OF CONCERN
2
2. ORGANIZATIONAL RELATIONSHIPS OF PIWG MEMBERS
8
3. HIERARCHY OF POLYGRAPH CONCERNS
13
4. INSTRUMENTATION ISSUES AND THE POLYGRAPH PROCESS
14
S. INSTRUMENTATION ISSUES MASTER SCHEDULE
15
6. POLYGRAPH PROGRAM ORGANIZATIONAL INTERACTION
23
7. POLYGRAPH PROGRAM MASTER SCHEDULE
25
LIST OF TABLES
1. PIPP STAFFING REQUIREMENTS
33
2. PIPP BUDGET REQUIREMENTS
39
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1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The Central Intelligence:Agency has used polygraphy-as an
integral part of its personnel security program for nearly
thirty years. During that period, polygraphy has repeatedly
been scrutinized, both internally and externally (e.g., the
Congress), in response to concerns expressed relative to its
validity, methodologies, equipment, instrumentation, and
susceptibility to countermeasures. Past efforts to enhance
polygraphy instrumentation and validity have met with little
success for a variety of reasons, some of which are: 1)
attempting to incorporate modern technologies without a
coherent transition strategy, 2) employing incomplete or poorly
documented requirements, 3) lack of Agency-wide participation
and knowledge which has generated fragmented results, 4)-lack-
of a database of polygraphy results (both experimental and
empirical) upon which to base a structured program, and 5) an
understandable reticence to try new technologies and methods
operationally without extensive test and evaluation.
In recent months, an Agency Polygraph Instrumentation
Working Group (PIWG) has met monthly to analyze the polygraph
process, define issues of concern, and formulate a Program to
enhance the Agency's polygraphy technology. The PIWG developed
4 PolygrAph Issues paper in July 1987 And has since addressed
these issues and corresponding comments from the PIWG members
and contributors, which included the Office of Security's
Engineering Division (0S/ED), Polygraph Division (0S/PD), and
the Polygraph School (0S/PS); Office of Information Technology
(0IT); Office of Medical Services (OMS); and Office of Research
and Development (ORD), into this Polygraph Instrumentation
Program Plan (PIPP).
As shown in Figure 1, the PIWG recognizes four main areas
of concern relative to current polygraphy. They are
Instrumentation, Countermeasures, Validity, and Methodology.
Each has its own requirements for enhancing polygraphy and each
must be addressed distinctly, but not independently.
Instrumentation, for example, must provide optimal data upon
which to base Validity research and prototyping. Final
conclusions relating,to Validity issues may in turn dictate new
sensor instrumentation requirements or polygrapher evaluation
criteria (i.e., impact on Methodologies). Interaction between
these four main areas of concern highlights a requirement for
an organization (i.e., Program Office) to coordinate them just
as the PIWG has coordinated Instrumentation in the past
months. This coordinating body should generate a Polygraph
Program Plan addressing the interaction of the four subordinate
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? CHIEF
POLYGRAPH
DIVISION
POLYGRAPH STEERING COMMITTEE
?(PSC)
INSTRUMENTATION
VALIDITY
COUNTERMEASURES
METHODOLOGY
COMPLETION DATE:
COMPLETION DATE:
COMPLETION DATE:
COMPLETION DATE:
30 AUGUST 1987
1 DECEMBER 1988
1 DECEMBER 1988
1 DECEMBER 1988
FIGURE 1 MAJOR POLYGRAPH AREAS OF CONCERN
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Program Plans for Instrumentation, Countermeasures, Validity,
and Methodologies. Figure 1 also indicates milestones for
25X1 completion of the individual Program Plans.
The development of this Instrumentation Program Plan as
the first step toward enhanced polygraphy is neither accidental
nor inappropriate, but should not be misinterpreted as
diminishing the importance of the other three concerns.
Instrumentation is an area that can be significantly improved
at low risk in a reasonably short length of time and at a
moderate cost The pay-off is immediate: in addition to
enhancing operational polygraphy, better instrumentation can
improve data gathering, storage, and analysis in support of the
other three areas of concern. Also, Research Database -
requirements should be tailored to the capabilities of optimal,
accurate instrumentation vice those of the older equipments.
Establishment of a Research Database as a critical initial
Program element was a Specific recommendation of the Agency IG
25X1 (reference Appendix A).
The Polygraph Instrumentation Program Plan, detailed in
Chapter 5, is composed of six distinct tasks. These tasks were
developed to address the eight major issues identified by the
PIWG which are summarized in Chapter 4. The six Program tasks
are: 1) Program Planning and Analysis, 2) Research, 3)
Prototyping, 4) Modern Polygraph System Development', 5)
Education and Training, and 6) Polygraph Focal Point. Each
task, the roles and responsibilities of Agency components, the
risk/pay-off for performance, resources required, and
milestones are specified inChapters 5, 6, and 7. Although
this Plan recognizes the support which Instrumentation provides
to enhancing Validity, counteracting Countermeasures, and
optimizing polygraph Methodologies, it does not specifically
address the solution of these complex concerns. The Program
Master Schedule, Figure 7, indicates only when the additional
Program Plans must be developed if the Instrumentation Program
25X1 is to retain its momentum and not be adversely delayed.
This Program Plan covers z three year period: FY1988,
FY1989, and FY1990. It is planned that this Program Plan mill
be revisited each year and the planning period extended
25X1 accordingly.
The execution of this Instrumentation Plan will provide
one operational brassboard of a Modern Polygraph System (MPS)
by 31 December 1988. It will also provide ten engineering
development models of the MPS by 30 June 1989 for training and
operational evaluation. Finally, in addition to providing
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support for Validity, Countermeasure,: and Methodology research,
the Plan develops tools for training.and-education..
Plan execution requires approximately (equivalent
full-time) Government personnel. During tnis three year
period, the Plan projects a requirement of for
development in the Instrumentation area. Major fiscal
requirements are on the order of per year for
contractor support, per year for research, and
per year for equipment procurement. Small amounts of
O&M funds are also required.
In summary, this Polygraphy Instrumentation Program Plan
provides the guidance to satisfy Instrumentation needs in both
the short and long term. It addresses Instrumentation
planning, guides new research, provides a prototyping
environment for proof-of-concept testing, and incorporates
empirical results into the development of a Modern Polygraph
System. This system serves operational polygraphy as well as
providing training and career enhancement tools and techniques
for polygraphers. Finally, the Plan identifies a Focal Point
which serves to consolidate, correlate, and disseminate
polygraphy information on an Agency-wide basis.
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