SUMMARY REPORT ON TRANSPORTATION IN EAST GERMANY, USSR, POLAND AND CZECHOSLOVAKIA

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80T00246A071000350001-4
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 36
• Document Creation Date: December 27, 2016
• Document Release Date: September 17, 2013
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: December 26, 1963
• Content Type: REPORT

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INF2R ATION REPORT 'INFORMATION REPOR
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
50X1
50X1
This material contains information affecting the National-Wanseof the United States within the meaning c the. Espionage Laws, Title
18, U.S.C. Secs. 793 and 794, the transmission or revelation of which in any Manner to an unauthorized person is prohibited by law.
SECRET
NO FOREIGN DISSEM
COUNTRY East Germany/USSR/Poland/
Czechoslovakia
SUBJECT
Summary Report on Transportation
in East Germany, USSR,
and Czechoslovakia
Poland
REPORT
DATE DISTR.
NO. PAGES
REFERENCES
,P6o4.
Ise.?
1
50X1
DATE OF
INFO.
PLACE &
DATE ACQ
50X1-HUM
THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION. SOURCE GRADINGS ARE DEFINITIVE. APPRAISAL OF CONTENT IS TENTATIVE.
4
3
L
on transportation
Poland.
50X1-HUM
summary report for October 1963
in East Germany. the USSR. Czechoslovakia and
Distribution of Attachment:
ORR: .briagt
50X1-HUM
4 zi
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Army: Retention of Copy #2
Air: Retention of Copy #3
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NO FOREIGN DISSEM
STATE X I DIA
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3
2
1
GROUP I
Excluded from automatic
downgrading and
declassification
X I ARMY #X 1NMN X 1AM #X INSA X XAK I OCR
(Note: Field distribution indicated by "#".)
50X1-HUM
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NO FEE 71 EIMER
r a n por t at ion Suiriar
for
October 1963
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roPriemi rnftrirli
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4Excluded from automatikr
clownzrding ad
declaosificaffon
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Transportation Summary for October 1963
Summary
I. International Transport Relations
- Conferences of various Soviet Bloc transport commissions.
- Conference of Danube Commission.
- Danube course. For map and details of Danube shipping
see Annexes 1 through If.
? Joint Yugoslav/Hungarian Tail border stations.
? Planned putting into operation of Ceska Cubice
Kubitzen) interchange station on 31 May 1964.
II. USSR
(Bohmisch
- Railroad transport performances and supply of tractive stock
in'first half of 1963.,
- Operational difficulties on Central and Transsiberian
Magistrales.
Tank car shuttle trains for crude oil and POL shipments.
- Heavy-duty freight trains from 10,000 to 12,000 tons.
- Extension of railroad. station tracks to standard lengths
of 850, 1 050 and 1,250 meters.
- Putting into operation of now Volga/Baltic'Sea Canal
presumably in early 1964,
- New USSR/Pakistan air connection from mid-November 1963.
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III. Zone of
J. Interzonal freight trains still on Gerstungen - Wartha line.
- Increase of railroad passenger traffic between West Germany
and Soviet Zone.
? Hundred special PAA and BEA flights more in West German-/
West Berlin Christmas 1963 traffic than in 1964.
- Further decrease in number of Reichsbahn personnel residing
in West Berlin.
^ Separate operation of S-Bahn and long-distance trains on
Birkenwerder Oranienburg line.
- New Elstal (Kreis Nauen) railroad station on western part
of Berlin Outer Ring.
? Double-track operation on railroad bridge over Havel River
near Hennigsdorf Nord and on Berlin Outer Ring between Eich-
gestell and Springpfuhl.
"Unloading Center Southeast" at Berlin=Adlershof freight
station for East Berlin coal supply.
- Planned construction of new West Berlin subway stations,
? For layout sketch of Berlin subway system, see Annex 2.
1964 Plan for freight transportationl train traction service
and line construction.
Deterioration of operational situation in October 1963.
Coinciding military transport demands and increasing fall
traffic; growing plan arrears.
- Coal situation still satisfactory; difficulties in coal
supply.
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- 1963 peak of military demands on Reichsbahn in October
because of intensive training exercises.
Military border crossing traffic: Since September,
main movement of annual personnel rotation program,
including departure and arrival of dependents.
Double-track operation on Birkenwerder Lehnitz and
Flirstenberg/Havel - Kothen stretches of Line 121.
- Double-track operation on Bernburg - Baalbe?ge and
Biendorf Kothen stretches of Line 203.
- Partial increase of clearance capacity of Lines 118
and 110.
- New railroad stations in operation.
- Competition efforts of locomotive factories.
New internal combustion-engined railcars (LeichtVer-
brennungstriebwagen) (LVT).
Development of 5,260 kV fast train electric locomotive.
- Completion of one heavy industrial electric locomotive
daily.
- ProductiOn of tank cars at Jena Reichsbahnausbesserungs-
werk (repair shop).
New rebuilt (Reko) freight oars.
? Planned increase of production of passenger car of Type
Trabant in 1964.
- Planned reduction of passenger car types as from 1970.
- Improvement of Highways F-81 and F-98.
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- New road between Rostock
F-105
- Daily freight movement 10,000 tons at East Berlin's
East Harbor.
Annual freight movement 2.3 million tons at Inland
Harbor Eisenhattenstadt (Furstenberg/Oder).
- Closed Elbe River stretch because of Soviet Army
exercises.
- Reduction of intrazonal ai4routes to three connections.
IV. CzechosloNlkia
- New Traffic Minister.
- Reorganization of Czech State Railroads (CSD) so far un-
successful.
- Establishment of central coal unloading stations.
- Transfer of skilled personnel to freight train service
of Central Railroads.
- Expansion of agreement on border crossing traffic between
Czechoslovakia and Hungary.
- Two railroad bridges built on Podolinec - Orlov line under
construction.
Double-tracking and electrification of Tiirmitz (Trmice)
Bilin (Bilina) Obernitz (Obrnice) line (Line 13 b).
Electrification of Pilsen (Plzen) - Horazdovice line
(Line 19).
- Increasing use of steam locomotives.
- Honoring of military railroad unit.
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Improvement and asphalting of Bruhn (Brno) -
Iglau (Jihlawa) State Highway No 2.
Employment of trucks of military driving schools
in freight transport.
- Enlargement of Prague-Ruzyne airport.
- Construction of Sahy - Zaluzi branch pipeline.
V. Poland
Insignificant overfulfilment of Third Quarter Plan
for freight transportation; total arrears not
possible to be made up.
- Employment of railroad engineers in line construction;
location of troops.
? Electrification of Kattowitz (Katowice) - Bielsko
Biala line by November 1963; consequently,
electrification of about 1,550 kilometers in late
1963.
- Militarily significant road construction in South-
East Poland (Beskids Mts and greater area of Lublin)..
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I. International Transport Relations
1. Conferences
After the summer recess, conferences have been resumed
by the organizations charged with the coordination of
traffic affairs.
- At the 13th session of the Permanent Commission for
-Transport Affairs of the Council for Mutual Economic
Aid (COMECON) held in .rjarsaw between 10 and 13 Sep-
tember 1963, the joint Soviet Bloc freight car pool
was the key subject of the discussion.
- At the VIIth meeting of the Commission of the
Organization for the Cooperation of Railroads in the
Soviet Bloc (OSShD) in Magdeburg between 15 and 24
October 1963, the following points were discussed:
mechanization and automation of car-sorting inclines;
grade crossings protection by means of automatic barriers
radio, television and acoustic devices in the rail- .
road system; and data processing.
- At the expert conference of the Danube Commission
held in Budapest between 30 September and 8 October
1963, nautical hydrometeorological %Thd customs
questions were discussed.
- At the special meeting of the Danube Commission held
in Budapest between 10 and 19 October 1963, the
representatives of Yugoslavia and Rumania informed
the other Commission members on the Iron Gate projects.
The Iron Gate is a 117-kilometer long stretch of
rapids between Danube Kilometer Marker 1,048 near
Moldava Veche (Rumania) and Kilometer Marker 931
near Turnu Severin (Rumania, where between 1964 and
1971, two sluices and one or two power plants are
to be built and the river is to be dammed up over
12o kilometers' length So as to raise the water level
above the obstacles in the river bed which impede
navigation.
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Technical investigations were carried out on the spot and an
interstate contract for the projects has been concluded.The
point at issue now is the financirm of the estimated 400-
million dollar projects. About 100 million dollars will be
required for the improvement of the waterway, and about 300
million dollars for the power plants. All countries shipping
on the Danube are to contribute to the financing of the water-
way by paying shipping tolls and by the granting of credits.
No agreement was reached.
For details on Danube River, see Annex.
2. Joint Border Stations
Efforts of the IVth Commission of the OSShD to establish joint
border stations were successfully brought to a close in the
Yugoslav-Hungarian negotiations. These stations are Subotica
(Yugoslavia, Beograd - Budapest stretch), Gyekenyes (Hungary,
Zagreb -; Dombovar stretch) and Murakeresztur (Hungary,Ljublana
Budapest stretch).
3. Interchange Station Between the West German Bundesbahn and the
Czechoslovak State 'Railroads (CSD)
Construction work carried on since early 1963 on the initiative
of the CSD to convert Ceska Cubic? (BbhmiSch Kubitzen) rail-
road station, located across from Furth-im-Wald (German
Federal Republic), into an interchange station (=railroad
station at which locomotive and- train personnel is exchanged)
has not yet been completed. The putting into operation of
Ceska Cubice interchange station is now scheduled for 31 May
1964 (beginning of summer time-table) (See Tpt. Summary for
April 1963).
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II. USSR
1. Railroad Transportation
a. Operational Data
(1) Transport Performances of the First Half of 1963
(first half of 1962)
Freight movement,
in billion tons/kilometer 855 (808)
Freight shipments,
in million tons' 10047 (1,020)
Passenger transport per-
formances, in billion
persons/kilometer
79.7 (79L)
2lectrified lines; in
kilometers up to 1 July 18,100 (16,023)
Dieselized lines, in
.kilometer up to 1 July 40,900 .(31,055)
Track laying on ballast,?
in kilometers. 3,000 ( 2,900)
Track laying of new (heavy)
rails, in kilometers 3,300 ( 3,500)
Average daily running per-
formance, in kilometers
electric locomotive 586.6
diesel locomotive 506.6
steam locomotive 314
(about
579)
(about
491)
(about
315)
Average freight trans-
portation distance, in
kilometers. 817 (792)
Delivery of electric main 321 (299)
line locomotives,items
Delivery of main line diesel
locomotives, units 700
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(2) Operational Difficulties on the Central and Trans-
siberian Magistrales
(3)
According to information given by the head of the
'vest Siberian Railroad Division, additional 15 to
18 trains have been running on the Transsiberian
Magistrale since June 1963. The following reasons
were given for this increase in trains:
- Beginning of increased fall transports;
- Shortage of Diesel locomotives on the single-
track Omsk - Barnaul stretch of the Central
Siberian Magistrale, in operation since January
1963, and the concomitant additional stress on
Transsiberian Magistrale.
Crude Oil and POI, Shipments
By order of the Ministry for Traffic, fully-assembled
tank shuttle trains are now being used for the trans-
portation of crude oil and crude oil products from
the oil drilling areas to the unloading stations.
Crude oil deposits are found mainly in the areas
of Kubyshev and Baku and near the locations with
large refining installations. Unloading stations are
in particular port3of shipment for crude oil and crude
oil products as well as locations with large tank
installations (e.g., for the charging of pipelines).
It was ordered at the same time that,contrary to
previous practices, tank cars be used for one type
of material only, and that all cars be marked
accordingly. Special railroad stations are in charge
of the assembly of empty tank car trains in the
various areas.
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(4) Heavy Freight Car Trains
Trial runs of freight trains with a total weight of
10,000 to 12,000 tons were made on the Omsk-Prokop'evsk
str.etch in 1963. These trial runs which were directed
and supervised by the Institute for Engineers of.
the Railroad Troops in Omsk developed to full satis-
faction.
b. Line Construction and Extension of Railroad Stations
Extension of Railroad Station Tracks
In order to increase the clearance capacity, the tracks
of 2,700 railroad stations are to be extended to the
standard .length of 850, 1,050, or 1,250 meters according
to the size of the respective railroad station, by 1965.
In late 1962, track: extensions were already completed at
approximately 750 railroad stations.
By late. 1963, additional 350 railroad stations are scheduled
to be extended, 1,600 railroad stations being left for
extension in 1964 and 1965.
2. Road Construction
Road Net - Improvement
-a? . In the Ukraine, the road net was extended by approximatelY
14,000 kilometers between 1959 and 1962 and :totals now
about 238,000 kilometers, ? The following improved or recon-
structed roads were opened to traffic:
- Kiev - Odessa
- Kiev - Dnyepropetrovsk
Kiev - Sumy
- Kachovka - Novoalekseevka.
In 1963,. additional 4,000 kilometers are to receive a
solid surace. By late 1963, opening of uninterrupted
traffic is scheduled on the following road sections at
present under construction:
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Dnyepropetrovsk - Doneck
- Zaporosn'e - Shdanov
- Zaporosh'e - Berdyansk
- Doneck - Shdanov
- Zimferopol' Evpatoria.
Since early 1963, some stretches of the important Lenin7
grad - Kiev highway have been completely reconstructed
or improved.
b. In Kasakhstan, about 9,770 kilometers of roads received
a solid surface in the past four years, among others
the following road connections:
- Chimkent - Turkestan
- Chu - Georgievka
- Celinograd - Shortandy.
Of the total road net of about 108,000 kilometers,about
15.6 per cent (=about 16,800 kilometers) now have a
solid surface.
3. Inland_Lhipping
The new Volga -?Baltic Sea Canal, which has been under con-
struction for eight years and which is to replace the obsolete
Mariinsk canal system, is to be completed and put into ?
operation by the beginning(of the 1964 shipping season.
`previously 59)
Equipped with seven large,modern locks/the 361-kilometer
long canal between Lake'Onega and the Rybinsk Reservoir
is now navigable for ships up to about 5,000 tons (pre-
viously 800 tons).
The Volga - Baltic Canal connects the Caspian Sea and the
Black Sea (via the Volga - Don Canal) with the Baltic (via
Lake Onega - Svir - Lake Ladoga - Neva River) as well as
with the Arctic Ocean (via Lake Onega - White Sea Canal
White Sea).
Since this combined river-canal system is already well-
developed. and navigable for large river vessels, an important
and effective inland waterway network will be created in the
European part of the USSR by the opening of the new ,canal.
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The new. Volga - Baltic Canal is expected to bring about the
following results:
- Reduction of the shipping time from Cherepovec on the
Rybinsk Reservoir (beginning Of the canal) to Leningrad
from 18 days to 21/2 days;
- Relief of the railroads by shifting the transportation of
bulk goods to the inland shipping;
- Increase of the annual freight movement on the canalfrom
the present two million tons to about 6 - 7.5 million tons;
- Increase of freight traffic on the White Sea - Baltic
Canal by 3 - 4 million tons, the Svir and Neva :Rivers by
5 - 5.5 million tons, and the Moscow Canal by about 1 million
tons.
- Possible transfer of ship units - including warships -
of up to 3,000-4,000 tons and a 2.67 meter draught between
the Black Sea and the Baltic Sea or the Arctic Ocean.
Civilian Air Traffic
Beginning mid-November 1963, regular line traffic will be
maintained by Aeroflot between Moscow and Karachi ,Pakistan.
The new route is to be served once a week with TU-104 or
IL-18.
According to recent information, the Soviet international
airline network covers a total length of about 80,000
kilometers, while the airline network inside the USSR
allegedly covers more than 320,000 kilometers.
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III. Soviet Zone of OccupatiOn of Germany
1. Interzonal Transport and Berlin Traffic Situation
a) Interzonal Transport
(1) After the rerouting of interzonal passenger
traffic via the Gerstungen - Fortha line,
freight trains in -interzonal transport between
West Germany and the Soviet Zone are still
running on the Gerstungen - Women Herleshausen
Wartha line. (See Transportation Summary for
September 1963).
Railroad passenger traffic between West Germany
and the Soviet Zone has increased to such an
extent, that the German Federal Railroads, in
harmony with the Reichsbahn, runs an extra train
pair (D 117, preceding the regular train, D 136
following the regular train) on the Hamm -
Hannover Wolfsburg/Orbisfelde - Leipzig line
from 20 October 1963. From June to August 1963,
a total of 140,000 West German residents, in
possession of Soviet Zone permits, traveled
to the SovietZone.
Pan American Airways will provide for 175, and
British European Airways for 117, special flights
to be carried out in Christmas air traffic .
between West Germany and West Berlin from 20
December to 6 January 1964 there will thus be
100 special flights more than during the same
period of the preceding year.
b) Berlin Traffic Situation
(1) The number of Reichsbahn employees residing in
West Berlin has decreased to about 39900.
As too few qualified West Berlin personnel
applied for employment, the Reichsbahn has been
forced to transfer yoUngi party-loyal personnel
from the Soviet Zone to East Berlin for service
at West Berlin Reichsbahn offices.
(2) Since 18 September 1963, the Birkenwerder -
Oranienburg stretch has been open for separate
traffic of S-Bahn Lines 104/105 and Long-Distance
Line 121 (Berlin - Neustrelitz). Since -that
date, the Birkenwerder - Branch Point Lehnitz
(north of Bor sdorf) stretch of Long-Distance
Line 121 has been in double-track operation.
(See Paragraph II1,2,c) (1) of this report).
(2)
(3)
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(3) As from 25 September 1963, the former "Awe" branch-
point (at the bifurcation of the double-track'
connecting line from the western section of the
Berlin Outer Ring to Wustermark switchyard) has.
been made a station named Elstal (Kreis Nauen).
?
(4) Probably also since 25 September 1963, the railroad
bridge over the Havel River at "Ahdo" branch point
near Hennigsdorf?Nord has been in double-track
operation. (See Tpt Summary for March 1963). As
early as 18/19 December 1962, double-track
operation was started on the railroad bridges over
(a) the Havel Canal at the Friedenskanal ("Frk"),
previously "Akf") Block Post near
Schbnwalde (Kreis Nauen, and
(b) the Sacrow Faretz Canal at Stop Marquardt
(between railroad stations Satzkorn and
Bornim Grube).
Apart from some working sites, the Berlin Outer
Ring is now open for double-track traffic between?
Junction Station Eichgestell (south of Wuhlheide)
to "Sgn" Branch Point (north-west of Springpfuhl).
New Ortsgtfterbahnhof (local freight station)
Berlin,Adlershof is being enlarged to "Entlade-
zentrum Stidost" (Unloading ,:enter Southeast) for
the supply of East Berlin with domestic coal.
In early 1964, two 300-meter long loading yards
with four tracks are to be put into service.
Through the installation of such yards, unloading
of coal in East Berlin is to be limited to five
railroad stations(as compared with 16 in 1962).
In the, fall of 1964, another two loading yards are
planned to be completed at Berlin,Adlershof
railroad station.
(5)
(6) For layout sketch of Berlin subway system, see
Annex 2. This sketch was drawn up according to the
statements made in Transportation :ummary for
September 1963. Intermediate stations are planned
to be built at Johannisthaler Chaussee, Heroldweg
and Efeuweg of the planned Britz Zwickauer
Damm extension of Line C1 (later to be "H").
2. ,Railroacl Tran_sy_prtation
a) Plans for 1964
According to the 1964 National Economy Plan, the
Reichsbahn is to accomplish the follo*ing:
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(1) Transport Performances
. _ _
- Transport volume; 276.5 million tons of freight
(259.8 million tons in 1962).
- Employment of freight cars to capacity.
. 17,12 tons
(for each "Doppelachse")*)
(1963 Plan: 16.78 tons; result so far: 16.93 tons)
- Net load of each freight train: 412.7 tons
(405.9 tons in 1963)
- Turnaround time of a freight car: 3.29 days
(3.40 days in 1963)
(2) Train Traction
- Share of diesel and electric
traction in Reichsbahn volume
of hauls
(in gross ton kilometers)
- Share of diesel locomotives
in total switching:
(3)
9.7 per cent
40 per cent
Line Construction
- Renovation of main line road bed: 480 kilometers
- Track repair: 700 kilometers
- Track construction
(for industrial projects) : 1--
35 kilometers.
b) Operations and Traffic
(1) (a) The operational situation of the Reichsbahn
deteriorated in October 1963. Due to the
coincidence of military transport tasks and
increasing fall traffic, the situation was
particularly strained .in the Dresden, Erfurt,
Halle and Magdeburg railroad divisions.
Plan arrears in loading, which decreased to
0.70 days in the second decade of September'
1963, increased again to 0.94 days in early
October 1963. On 17 October 1963, over 41,000
freight cars (counted in "Doppelachsen") were
loaded, bringing the total loading to approx-
imately 7009000 tons in the third week of
however, it appears questionable that
an average daily performance of over 41,000
loaded "Doppelachsen" will be maintained over
a sustained length of time. This performance
would be required for the fulfilment of the
*) Doppelachse = statistical unit through which the
Reichsbahn stock of freight cars is converted
theoretically into two-axle cars.
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plan task envisaging 2.8 million tons More of
freight to be transported during the fourth
quarter of 1963 than in 1962.
(The average daily loading performance amounted
to approximately 32.500 "Doppelachsen" during
the first quarter of 19639 and to approximately
38,600 during the third quarter.)
According to Reichsbahn expectations, the
increase in the turnaround time of freight cars
and the more profitable exploitation of their
capacity will contribute considerably to
reaching the planned target.
Unloading of 372000 freight cars each on 16 and
17 October and the employment to capacity of
freight cars with approximately 17 tons per
"Doppelachse" on 17 October were quoted as
peak performances.
The reduction of the period allowed for loading,
effective 1 October 1963, is to contribute to
increasing the turnaround time of freicht cars.
However, punctuality in the operations, another
prerequisite for the fulfilment of the planned
transport performances, was deficient already
in early October 1963.
Fall traffic was relieved to a certain extent
through the completion of the potato transport
program for the supply of the population, in
mid-October 1963.
(b) In mid-October 1963, the coal situation was
still satisfactory 3 however, there were
already complaints about supply difficulties.
(2) (a) In October 1963, Soviet Army demands on the
Reichsbahn reached this year's peak because
of intense training activities.
In early October, numerous troop transports
moved to and from the training areas
Between 13 and 25 October 1963, traffic on
the Soviet Zone railroad system was very heavy.
Units of all army areas were transported in
rotation to and from the Letzlinger Heide -
Altengrabow JUterbog main area
With the beginning of further training activi-.
ties in the Jiiterbog Lieberose - Torgau and
Letzlinger Heide - Havelberg areas in late
October, military demands on the Reichsbahn
were again intensified with shipments consisting
mainly of tanks.
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- 18 -
(b) In September 19639 military border crossing traffic
was chiefly dominated, by the shuttle movement of
the annual personnel rotation program. After the
so-called forerunner movement had started in early
July 1963, the main exchange took place in
September. On 24, 27, and 29 September, further
converted boxcars were equipped at the demolition
camp and at loading yards of Berlin-Pstguterbahn-
hof. Along with the rotation program, the depen-
dents of the relieved GSFG (Group of Soviet Forces
in Germany) long-service personnel and of regular
soldiers were moved home, while the dependents of
the new arrivals were moved in later.
c) Railroad Construction
(1) On 18 September 1963, double-track traffic was opened
on the Birkenwerder - Branch Point Lehnitz (north of
Bargsdorf) and on the FUrstenberg/Havel Drewin
(between DUsterforde and Strelitz) stretches of Long
Distance Line 121. ?The Oranienburg - Lowenberg (Mark)
stretch has been in double-track operation ?since May
1963, The Lowenberg Gransee stretch is to be double-
tracked by May 1964 and the Gransee - FUrstenberg/Havel
stretch by October 1964. On the latter stretch,
between Dannenwalde and FUrstenberg/Havel, a. new line
is under construction west of the present line..
Gradients and curves of the new line are to permit
maximum speeds of at least 120 km/h, as planned for the
Berlin - Rostock Magistrale.
(2) Double-tracking of the Bernburg Baalberge and
Biendorf - nthen stretches of Line 203 .(Bernburg -
nthen) (See Transportation Summaries for June and
August 1963) was completed on 28 September 1963.
Through the improvement of safety installations at,
among .others, the entry routes to the railroad
stations ("Fahrstrassen"), the clearance capacities of
Line 118 (Rostock - Schwerin) and of the Schwerin -
Neustadt/Dosse stretch of Line 110 were increased to an
average of 94 trains in both directions.
(a) The new station building at Sangerhausen (Line 201)9
replacing the old building destroyed in 1945, was
put into operation on 6 October 1963.. -
(b) The brick work of the station building at Jena
Saalbahnhof (Line 188) is to be completed by late
1964
(3)
(4)
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d) Rolling_Stock
(1) (a) In mid-September 19639 VEB Lokbau "Karl Marx",
Babelsberg,and seven of its supply factories
(including VEB Lokbau Elektrotechnische Werke
"Hans Beimler", Hennigsdorf Motorenwerk
Johannisthal; Getriebewerk Gotha 3 Starkstrom=
Anlagenbau Berlin; Finsterwalder Maschinen GmbH)
entered into a "Komplex-Wettbewerb" (integrated.
competition) with a view to speed up the putting
into series, production of diesel locomotives types
V-60-D and V-180. F-60-D locomotive is expected
to reach the production stage in the first quarter,
while V-180 is to reach it in the fourth quarter
of 1964 (instead of 1965).
Contrary to previous Reichsbahn announcements, the
much played-up putting into service of the V-180 005
locomotive (VIth Party Congress) (See Transport-
ation Summary for May 1963) and the V-180 locomotive,
delivered thereafter,with further deliveries
announced for 1963/64, therefore cannot stem from
series production.
(b) In late December 1963, the first model of the V-100
diesel locomotive (see Transportation Summary for
July 1963, Annex 3) is to be ready for delivery at
VEB Lokbau "Karl Marx", Babelsberg.
(2) Five units of the zero series of a new Leichtver-
brennungstriebwagen (LVT) (light combustion-engined
railcar) are currently being tested at the Reichsbahn.
Since 1959, VEB Viaggonbau Gbrlitz has delivered 32 ?
LVIs to the Reichsbahn; they are similar to the rail
buses of the Deutsche Reichsbahn.
(3) (a)
VEB Lokbau Elektrotechnische Werke (LEW) "Hans
Beimler", Hennigsdorf, is working on the develop-
ment of a 5,260 kW fast-train locomotive. It is
twice as powerful as the E-11 electric locomotive
(with 2,640 kW continuous rating) manufactured
by the Reichsbahn.
In addition, VEB LEW Hennigsdorf is producing
a heavy industrial electric locomotive daily.
Of this production, 70 per cent are being exported
to mostly the USSR, Poland and Bulgaria.
Because of the heavy demands on the rolling stock
industry, Reichsbahnausbesserungswerk (RAW)
(repair shop) Jena has taken over the production
of tank cars in addition to the repair of damaged
cars. For the time being, a two-axle tank car of
31.2 cubic meters capacity is being produced for
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- 20 -
the transportation of inflammable liquids. Annual
production of this car is to amount to 300 units.
Plans also provide for the construction of four-
axle tank cars at RAW Jena.
(b) Since August 19639 RAW Dresden has been producing'
IlekoH (rebuilt) freight cars of class No 40 .and
class designation .0mmb?. Concerned are non-
tiltable gondola- cars fitted with roller bearings,
sheet metal floors and sheet metal walls without
doors. They have an empty weight of 10 tons, a
capacity of 29 tons and are to carry .freight that
can_be loaded or unloaded by cranes.
Three trains of 50. Ommb cars each are already
shuttling between the lignite area of Grossrdschen
(Cottbus district) and the Brandenburg West steel
plant.
3. Road Transportation
?
a) Motor Vehicle Transport (Production)
_ _ _ - _ _ _ _
(1) Production figures of the Trabant mini-car continue
to increase. .VEB Sachsenring, Zwickau, plans to
produce 53,000 such cars in 1963, and 60,000 in
1964. (See Transportation Summaries for March and
April .1963.
Of the new Trabant P 60/1 automobile the zero series
production is to begin in late 1963 and the actual
series production in the spring of 1964.
(2) At its sixth meeting on automotive technology at
Dresden in the summer of 1963, the Vereinigung
Volkseigener Betriebe (VVB) (union of nationalized
enterprises) discussed the possibilities to increase
the automotive industry production figures in the
Soviet Zone through rationalization. As a result
of the discussions, it was decided to construct only
one type of automobile in the Soviet Zone as from
1970. The classification of automobile production is
to be coordinated with COMECON (Council for Mutual
Economic Aid).
b) Road Construction
(1) Improvement of the following highways is planned or
almost completed:
HiEhway_7798
Some primary roads (LI0s) of the Bischofswerda,
Kamenz, Grossenhain and Riesa Kreise of District
Dresden were reclassified and incorporated in
Highway F-98. This highway now leads from the
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- 21 -
bifurcation of Highway F-96 near Oppach (VS 6556)
(near Soviet.Zone/Czech border) to Highway F-169
via Bischofswerda - along Highway F-6 as far as
Goldbach Pulsnitz (VS 3171) to Grossenhain
(US 9882) on Highway F-169. The highway is to be
improved along its entire length.. The 3-kilometer
Putzkau (VS 4662) - Neukirch (VS 5161) stretch has
been closed_ for all traffic since mid-1963 and is to
be re-opened on 31 December 1963 after completion of
repair and widening. The extension of Highway F-98
to Zeithain via Bischofswerda was carried out at .
the request of the Soviets desiring a direct east-
west connection for their troops stationed in the
eastern part of the Soviet Zone.
After a construction period of 1 1/2 year., the
largest road construction project of Magdeburg
district, the widening of the 8.1 kilometer
Langenweddingen (PC 7468) - Bgeln (P0.6757) stretch
of Highway F-81 was almost completed in October
1963 and re-opened to traffic. The stretch was
widened to 8.5 meters- (including shoulders) and
provided with a new kind of grit-bitumen base. -
Highway F-81 extends from Magdeburg in southwesterly
direction to Highway F-4 near the Demarcation Line
north of Nordhausen. The highway has been improved
very well between Magdeburg and Halberstadt; apart
from the 3.1 kilometer Blankenburg (PC 3540) -
Pfeiffenkrug (PC 313 434)-'stretch -which is being
improved and jointly used by Highway F-6, the
remainder of the road is in a poor state of. repair.
(See Transportation Summary for July 1963, Annex 4).
(2) New Road between Rostock Sea Port. .and,Highway_F7105
After about three years of construction work, the
road connection between Rostock Sea Port and the
Soviet Zone road system (F-105 near UV 1699, north-
east of Rostock, southeast of Dierkow) has been
opened to traffic. The 8.50-meter wide road is
later to be improved to a super-highway. Four
bridges were built for this highway, the largest
of which, a 90-meter long prestressed concrete
bridge, spans Rostock Port Station (UV 1202) the
bridge has a capacity of at least 60 tons.
The present volume of freight transported by road
amounts to about three per cent of the total trans-
shipment volume of Rostock Port (1962: approximately
three million tons 1963 presumably 4.5 million
tons).
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4. Inland Shipping
,
a) The daily freight movement at East Berlin's 50-year old
Osthafen (East Harbor) amounts to about 109000 tons,
including 4,000 tons of coal. The freight transported
to East Berlin by water is mainly destined for the
Tower supply and the building sector.
b) Next to Magdeburg, EisenhUttenstadt at FUrstenberg/Oder
is the second largest Soviet Zone inland. harbor., During
the past 10 years, the volume of freight transshipped at
the harbor increased by 155.6 per cent to an annual
capacity of 2.3 million tons. .
c) On 15, 16, and from 20 to 23 October 1963, the Elbe River
was closed to traffic between Jerichow (TU 9822) and
Magdeburg for several hours because of Soviet Army
exercises.
5. Civilian Air Transport
In intrazonal air transport, the number of winter 1963/64
air routes of Interflug GmbH (Soviet Zone) airlines has
been reduced again as compared with the reduction of flights
of the 1962/63 winter timetable. There is no intrazonal air
connection with Leipzig at.present. - The only connections
available at present are two flights on week-days in both
directions between Berlin=Schonefeld and Dresden, Erfurt'
and Barth respectively.
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IV. Czechoslovakia
1. Railroad Transportation
a. Organization and Operation
(1) During the government reschuffle in late September
1963, Traffic Minister Frantisek Vokac was replaced
by Alois Indra, Chairman of the State Planning
Commission and member of the Central Committee of
the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia. Frantisek
Vokac was made First Deputy of the Minister for
Traffic. (See Tpt. Summary for January 1962,
Paragraph IV).
(2) The reorganization of the Czech State Railroads
(CSD) has so far failed to bring about the expected
improvements. Additional personnel, the employment
of which became necessary by the formation of the
12 new subdivisions (PO= Provozni Odil), could
not be hired. The operations have, therefore, to
be carried out with a minimum of trained personnel.
The resulting insufficient cooperation was the
reason for breakdowns and misjudgements. As a result,
many train accidents have occurred. Freight trains
have to wait for hours at railway junctions, and the
shortage of railroad cars continues. (See Tpt Summary,
for May 1963, Paragraph IV).
(3)
In order to speed up the turnaround time of coal
railroad cars, the CSD has established so-called
central coal unloading stations at Kraj level.
Fully-assembled coal trains are driven to these
unloading stations, which are suitably located
for bulk consumers. Up to a distance of 50 kilo-
meters, the coal is hauled away by trucks.
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At the Rehlovice - Uporiny stretch (second building
phase), the construction of two bridges has been started.
The original track is being replaced, the curves are
graded and levelled so that speeds of 60 kilometers/hour
can be reached.
All railroad stations are being renovated and equipped
with modern safety devices. The track is to be equipped
with automatic train stopping equipment (Indusi). UPon
termination of the construction and expansion work, the
entire Tfirmitz BrUx (Most) line will be electrified
and is to serve mostly for coal transports from the North
Bohemian lignite mining area,
e. Electrification
Opened to electric traffic with alternating current in
April 1962, the Pilsen (Plzen) - Horazdovice line has
since been used as test stretch. On 9 October 1963, a
1,600-tons freight train started regular traffic on this
line.
By 1965, the entire Pilsen - Bohm. BUdweis (Ceske
Budejovice) line will be electrified with alternating
current. (See Tpt Summaries for July 1962, Paragraph IV,
and for November 1961, Paragraph IV).
f. Rolling Stook
Due to the permanent shortage of locomotives, steam
locomotives have to be employed at an increased scale.
The CSD, therefore, wants to equip the steam locomotives
with "Gieel , injectors" and has already bought the
license. This injector provides for better coal
utilization.
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g. Military Railroad ,Organizations
The most efficient unit of the Czechoslovak railroad
troops was awarded the banner of the Minister for
Traffic for outstanding performance in the laying of
sidings, general repair work on :tracks and in re-
conditioning tracks damaged by meteorological disasters.
2. Road Transportation
a, Within the framework of the continuing improvement of
the Czechoslovak main roads, the 83-km long Brann (Brno) -
Iglau (Jihlava) section of State Highway Nr. 2 Pressburg
(Bratislava) - Brlinn Iglau was widened to about 8 meters
and covered with asphalt. The grade crossings however,
have not been eliminated.
'b. As a result of the continuing transport difficulties,
Czechoslovak military driving schools are employed for
the transportation of freight on their practice drives.
3. Civilian Air Traffic
Prague - Ruzyne Airport is to be improved to modern standards
by 1965. A new 3,100-meter long runway was completed and taken
into operation. If need be possible to extend the runway by
additional 1,200 meters to a total length of 4,300 meters.
The old runway is at present being extended to 3,200 meters.
A new repair hangar measuring 216 x 53 meters was also completed.
An additional hangar and the new main building are under
construction. Beginning 1965, the airport is to handle three
million passengers a year.
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4. Pipelines
A branch of the Friendship Pipeline (G0aVf. pipeline to
Pressburg (Bratislava)) is under construction from Sahy
to the Zaluzi Chemical Works near Brax (most). The first
section of the pipeline from the Bohemian- Moravian High-
lands (area of Zdar near Saz Iglau (Jihiava)) has been
under construction since early 1963. According to schedule,
work on the second section is tp start in January 1964.
This section leads from Sahy Via Tarnau (Trnava) to the
Bohemian-Moravian Highlands. At present, the preparatory
work for the second section are under way. All crossing
points with roads, railroads and waterways are to be
constructed first, the laying of the pipeline in the open
terrain is to follow later. (See Tpt. Summaries for June
1963 and February 1963 Paragraph IV)4
V. Poland
1. Railroad Transportation
a. Operations
The Polish State Railroa0c (PKP) transported 76.7
million tons of freight (1.2 million in excess of
plan figures) during the third quarter of 1963.
Because of the continuing tense operational situation,
it will not be possible to make up for the previous
arears nor to fulfill the 1963 plan (308 million tons).
(See Tpt Summaries for July and August 1963, Paragraph 1).
b. Employment of Railroad En-ineers in Line Construction
Within the framework of their training, railroad
engineers are regularly employed in line and bridge
construction. They are mainly employed in Silesia,
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- 23 -
with extremely dense traffic, where they play a
significant role in the modernization of some 300 km
of railroad lines, the building of some 40 bridges and
about 100 grade crossings.
Railroad engineer units are stationed in Przemysl,
Hohensalza (Inowroclaw), Wreschen (Wrzesnia) and
Tarnowskie Gory.
c. Electrification
(1) 1963 Plan
In November 1963, the about 46-km long stretch
Kattowitz Ligota - Czechowice - Bielsko Biala is
to be completed. It can be assumed that the stretch
will be finished according to schedule. Thus a total
of about 1,350 kilometers (-6.5% of the entire net)
will be electrified by the end of 1963.
(2) 12a2aan
Following are the deadlines for the completion of
the 230 kilometer of lines scheduled in the 1964 plan:
Rzeszow West - Medyka, about 100 kilometers June 1964
(last stretch of the important ore transport
line Silesia - USSR)
- Czechowice - zebrzydowice, 30 kilometers June 1964
(last stretch of the electrified line Warsaw-
Prague)
- Posen (including switch yard P.-Franowo)
Konin, about 100 kilometer June/July 1964
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- Warsaw Praga - Legionowo, 18 kilometers
- Short branch lines in the Kattowitz district.
If these deadlines are met, both passenger and
freight train service on these lines will be de-
layed for some months.
2. Road Transportation
Militarily Significant Road Construction in South-East Poland
a. Within the framework of the further opening up of the
Bieszczady area (Beskids. Mountains) (See Tpt Summary
for February 1963, Paragraph V, 2) the construction of
following road stretches 'las started in 1963:
? Cisna (about EV 9652) 7 Krynica (DV 9774), length
120 kilometers, of which 100 kilometers are to be
completed by 1965.
- Zagorz (EV 9185) Komancza (EV 7766), length about
? 25 kilometers.
- Rymanow (EV 6292) - Jaslitka(EV 5877), length about
15 kilometers.
Krynica (DV 9774) 7 Nowy Sacz (DV 7897) via Rytro
(DV 7782), Piwniczna (DV 7977), Zegiestow (DV 8569),
Muszyna (DV 9367), length about 55 kilometers,
completion still in 1964.
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b. In the greater area of Lublin (FB 1077) intensive
road construction work is said to be under way,
including the following stretches:
LuKin - Pulawy (EB 6797) - Zwolen (EB 4190) -
Raclom (EB 1095), road Nrs E 81 and 28, length
74 kilometers (See Tpt Summary for December 1961,
Paragraph 191, Paragraph V, 2), asphalting and
widening by about 2 meters; modernization of
bridges, including widening., and building of
new bridges.
- Piaski (FB 3067) - Chelm (FB 7368), Road Nr. 25,
48 kilometer, road widening and construction of
bridges.
Chelm - Dorohusk (FB 9573) - to the Soviet border,
Rlad Nr. 25, 26 kilometers, concrete surface.
Having been planned for years, the construction work
was time and again delayed by shortage of personnel
and materials. Part of the stretches are to be completed
by late 1964.
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Annex 1 to Transportation
Summary for October 1963
The Danube River ?
For details on the Danube River, see attached Annexes.
Annex 1 a) Map of the Course of the river (Status of mid-1963)
Annex 1 b) Nauticalmiles
= Distance from Sulina to selected
River kilometers
plances
Annex 1 c) River crossings (Bridges, ferries, etc)
Annex 1 d) Navigability
Annex 1 e) Map of Danube - Sea Shipping (Status of mid-1963)
Annex 1 f) Distance table for Danube shipping (Reverse of
Annex 1
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R
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;1? SECRET
Annex 1 d to Transportation
Summary for October 1963
The upper Danube River is not navigable as far as Ulm and
navigable to a limited extent only from Ulm to Regensburg.
From Regensburg, the depth of the river permits the use of
ships of 800 to 19000 ton capacity; of the lower reaches,
from Reni, the northern arm of the river is open for sea-going
vessels of a capacity of about 3,000 tons.
With the planned improvement of the navigable channel through
the realization of the Iron Gate projects (damming-up of More
than 120 kilometers of the Danube; completion by about 1971)*)
the river will become navigable for vessels of up to 3,000 ton
capacity from Belgrade.
The width of the river varies by 0.4 kilometers in its middle
course, and by 1.3 kilometers in its lower course.
The speed of the river is as follows;
Stretch
Over a distance of
(in kilometers)
_
Speed
(in meters ler second)
Regensburg -
Passau
153
. 1.00 7 1.70
Passau -
Linz
91
1.60 - 2,10
Linz -
Wien
206
2.00 - 2.2-0
Wien
Gbnyil
138
1.80 - 2.10
GOnyti -
Orsova
836
0.80 - 2.20
Orsova -
Sulina
955
0.20 - 0,80
The maximum speed is about 5.00 m/sec over a distance of 2.1
kilometers at the Iron Gate.
Danube shipping is particularly impeded at the following three
points:
- The Gbnyil shallows.
- In the Danube delta with its three main arms, i.e. the
northern Chilia Arm, the. middle Sulina Arm, and the southern
Sf. Gheorghe Arm. Only the northern .arm is opento large
ships from Braila.
- On the 117-kilometer long rapids of the Iron Gate, where
the river narrowsin a gorge, and where rocks and sharp bends
constitute considerable hazards to navigation, particularly
in foggy Weather_ and when the river is in flood.
) Iron Gate = 117 kilometer stretch of rapids between
Danube Kilometer Marker 1.048 at Moldava Veche (Rumania)
and Kilometer Marker 931 at Turnu Severin (Rumania).
SECRET
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DONAU SEE - VERKEHR
Alexandria Anlegehafen des Donau-See-Verkehrs
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,
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