EGYPT

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP78-01617A004200030001-1
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 17
• Document Creation Date: December 27, 2016
• Document Release Date: July 30, 2013
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: October 15, 1948
• Content Type: REPORT

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001
Dnc'.zment No.
NO C,IE in Class. [3
DECIASSIFIED
C ass. CriANGED TO: TS S
0
DDA Memo, 4 Apr 77
Aath: DDA F:G. 77 1763
Date: talL2EL BY:
4
I.
AVIATION CONVENTIONS
WET
EGYPT
15 October 1948
Chicago Convention - Egypt signed the Chicago Convention December
1944, but did not -accept the five freedoms. On
15 March 1947, Egypt deposited ratification of
the Convention and became a full-fledged member
of ICAO*with a seat on the Council. (2/ 3/ 4, 5
BILATERAL CIVIL AVIATION AGREEMENTS
US- Signed 15 June 1946. Grants unrestricted Fifth Freedom. (6)
STAT
Sixteen other countries desiring permanent air agreements have
sought bilateral accords along the lines of the'Egyptian-US agreement.
The Egyptians have extended temporary operating permission to the United
Kingdom, Dutch, French, Ethiopian and Iranian airlines pending conclu-
sion of air agreements. Temporary rights have also been extended to
Switzerland, Lebanon, Czechoslovakia, Norway, Sweden, Brazil, Saudi
Arabia, Iraq, Syria and Denmark.(1)
The RuManian airline, TARS, in April 1947, was seeking rights to
fly to Cairo; in connection with the Greek airline, AIR HELLAS, the
Greek Government is holding preliminary discussions concerning a
bliateral with Egypt; LOT, the Polish airline, also desires to operate
into Egypt.
Egypt has formally submitted the Egyptian draft to UK. Norway and
France.
?01-441, 444:? 4
Egypt had two prewar agreements:
(1) With Air France,which was renewable from year to year. It
forbade cabotage and limited frequency of flights.
(2) With Imperial Airways of Great Britain,which lapsed in May
1947, necessitating the negotiation of a bilateral with
the United Kingdom.
Up until the signing of the US bilateral agreement, Egypt had re-
fused Fifth Freedom rights within the Arab area except on a temporary
basis. The Arab League aviation agreement,sought to restrict Fifth Free-
dom rights to the Arab States.
Under provisional agreement with the US, 21 November 1945, full
five freedoms were granted. The US-Egypt bilateral was ratified 10 June
1947 and approved by King Farouk 16 July.
* Egypt contributed to the support of the International
Civil Aviation Organization E E. 10,842 (approximately
US $44.994) during the 1947-48-fiScil--SieSi and h E
4,500 (approximately US $18,675) during 1946-47 fiscal year.
(h E LI US $4.155 (7)
I
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3KRET
AIRLINES (Domestic)
1. MISR Airlines (MISR - Airwork S.A.E.) (7, 30,_3e)
This first Egyptian aviation company formed an association
with the British aviation company, Airwork Ltd., holds an
authorization from the Egyptian Government for the estalish-
ment and operation within Egyptian territorial limits of:
civil flying training schools;,local passenger-carrying
flights; service stations for the provisioning, maintenance
and repair of civil aircraft; regular and occasional civil
air transport services for the carriage of passengers,-mail
and cargo within Egypt, and between Egypt and abroad.
Headquarters - Almaza Airport, Heliopolis.
Ownership - MISR, capitalized at 80,000 Egyptian pounds,
is owned 90% by Bank MISR, which in turn is
owned by the Egyptian Government and certain
Egyptian nationals; and 10% Airwork Ltd.,
Heston; England.
Routes*- Cairo-Port Said-Alexandria (Beechcraft)
Cairo-Damascus-Baghdad-Tehran.** (Beechcraft)
Cairo-Assiut-Luxor (Beechcraft) Service
temporarily suspended.
Cairo-Jerusalem-Nicosia (Beechcraft)
Cairo-Beirut-Nicosia (Beechcraft)
Cairo-Amman
Equipment - 4 De Havilland 89 (Rapide (8 seats)
8 Beechcraft Model 18 S (7 seats)
2 Vickers Viking (24 seats) -
Incident to the Palestine conflict, the US State
Department, Munitions Control Board, has refused to
license the export of American civil aircraft and
spare parts to Near East civil air transport
companies.
Owing to inability to obtain Beechcraft spare
parts ordered in the US during the last quarter of
1947, MISR, forced to ground 3 Beechcrafts, turned
to the UK for equipment and bought Vikings.
Personnel - Total - 532, including 25 pilots.
A number of pilots used by MISR were seconded
from the Royal Egyptian Air Force during the years
1946 and 1947 due to a shortage of qualified per-
sonnel following a strike of flying personnel
during 1946,
* Due to the Arab-Jewish hostilities and the US ban on shipment of
air materiel to the Near East, regular services of MISR have been
curtailed.
* *
In normal times there are flights to Haifa and Lydda in Palestine. An
extension of the Baghdad service to Tehran was announced in June 1948,
but was immediately suspended until the cessation of hostilities in
Palestine. A service to Amman was inaugurated in May 1948.
ctfigl
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JL%.AL I
Operations - 1947
Total revenue and non-revenue passenger miles 6,538,426
'Total mileage flown 1,612,009
Total passengers 43,356
Total cargo, lts. (including baggage) 1,466,118
-Mail, lb. 215,021
Passenger ton miles 490,832
Average load factor 64.3%
Subsidy - At the present time MISR is receiving no subsidy from
the Egyptian Government. The subject has been under
discussion between the company's directors and Govern-
ment officials, however, over the past year.
MISR airline at present has mail carriage contracts
with the Governments of Egypt, Iraq, Lebanon, ,Syria,
and Cyprus.
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SICKET
2. Societe Aerienne,Internationale d'Egypte (SAIDE) (7)
Formed in January 1948 in Cairo by joint Egyptian and Italian
interests. Operations started 23 August 1948.
Headquarters - Cairo (Almaza Airport)
Ownership - The company is 'capitalized at 250,000 Egyptian
pounds (approximately US $1,057,500) of which
the participation is 60% Egyptian and 40%
Italian. The Egyptian interest is centered in
the Bank Misr group which also control Misr Air-
work, the parent company of MISR Airlines; the
Italian participation centers around the Fiat
Company.
Routes - Cairo - Athens - Rome
Later the line will provide service to South
Africa, the Fat East, Europe and the Americas.
Pilgrim flights to Jidda will be started
? 9 September 1948. (S)
Equipment- 2 4E Savoie Marchetti (SM-95), 32 passengers.
2 2E Fiat, (G-212), 18 passengers
Maintenance - The planes will be serviced in the shops of
MISR by SAIDE's Italian mechanics. It is
believed the servicine in Rome will be done
by Fiat personnel.
Personnel - . At the beginning the flights will be captained
by Italian pilots with Egyptian copilots. It
is planned to have Egyptian crews entirely after
training has been completed.
Subsidy - No information available as to relationship
between SAIDE and the Egyptian Government in
regard to subsidy assistance.
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briAtornoll
AIRLINES (Foreign) .(7, 26, 27, 28, 9)
1. Air France
Authorization Date - 1 June 1946
Routes Paris-Rome-Cairo (Almaza) -Basra-Karachi -Calcutta
(Dum Dum) -Saigon (Tan Son Nhut Airport) -Phnom -Penn
- Bangkok -Tourane4iong Kong-Shanghai
Paris -Tunis-Cairo -KhartoumeNairobi -Dar-es-Salaam-
Tananarive
Equipment - L-49
2. Air India International
Autherization Date - 31 May 1948
Routes - Bombay-Basra-Cairo-Geneva-London
Equipment - L-749
3. Arab Airways Association (Transjordanian)
Authorization Date r 11 December 1946
Routes - Amman-Cairo
Equipment - DH -89
4. Aerolinee Italiane Internazionale (ALITALIA)
Authorization Date - 1 February 1948
Routes - Geneva-Rome-Cairo-Asmara
Equipment - DC-3
.SM-95
5. Compagnie General de Transports (Lebanese)
Authorization Date - November 1945
Routes - Beirut-Cairo
Equipment - DC-3
6. Cyprus Airways
Authorization Date - 12 March 1948
Routes - Nicosia-Alexandria-Cairo
Equipment - DC-3
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*MAL I
Ceskoslovenske Aeroline (CSA)
Authorization Date - 15 April 1947
Routes - Prattle -Rome -Athens -Cairo
Equipment DC-3
8. Ethiopian Airlines
Authorization Date - 1 March 1946
Routes - Addis Ababa-Asmara-Cairo
Equipment - DC-3
9. Hellenic Airlines (Greek)
Authorization Date - 28 February 1948
Routes - Athens-Alexandria
Equipment - DC-3
10. Iranian Airways
Authorization Date - 12 February 1946
Routes - Tehran-Baghdad-Beirut-Cairo
Equipment - DC-3
11. Iraqi Airlines
Authorization Date - 24 May 1947
Routes - Baghdad-Cairo
Equipment - Viking
12. Koninklijke Luchtvaart Maatschappij (KLM) Royal Dutch Airlines ,65):-
Authorization Date - 1 June 1947
?
Routes - Amsterdam-Cairo-Basra-Karachi-Calcutta-Bangkok-
Batavia (Rome included in two flights per week
each way; Singapore included in one flight per
week each way)
Equipment - L-49
L-749
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13. Middle East Airlines (Lebanese)
Authorization Date - November 1945
Routes - Beirut-Cairo
Equipment - DC-3
14. Panair do Brazil
Authorization Date - 1 May 1947
Routes - Rio de Janeiro-Reoife-Dakar-Lisbon-Rome-Cairo
Equipment - L-49
15. Qantas.; Empire Airways (Australian)
Authorization Date - 18 December 1947
Routes - UK-Cairo-Sydney
Equipment - L-49
16. Saudi Arabian Airlines
Authorization Date - 5 August 1947
Routes - Cairo-Medina-Jidda-Ryad-Rasa-Dhahran
Equipment - Dd-3
? 17. Societe Anonyme Beige d'Exploitation de la Navigation Aerienne
(SABENA)
Authorization Date - 15 June 1947
Routes - Brussels-Athens -Cairo -Juba-Stanleyville
Equipment - DC-4
1:. Scandanavian Airline System (SAS)*
18. Aktiebolaget Aerotransport (ABA)(Swedish Air Lines)
Authorization Date - 15 April 1947,
'Routes - Nairobi-Cairo-Stockholm
Equipment - DC-4
D.N.L., D.D.L., and A.B.A. are combined together as S.A.S. (Scandinavian/
Airlines System). The routes indicated are served-interehangeably by the
three companies according to the exigencies of the traffic. Likewise,
DC-4,s or Vickers Vikings are uSed interchangeably for these services.
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19. Det Danske Luftfartselskap (DDL)(Danish Air Lines)
Authorization Date - 1 April 1947
I-Aoutes - Tehran-Cairo-Stockholm
Equipment - DC-4
a% Det Norske Luftfartselskap (DNL) (Norwegian Air tines)
Authorization Date - 15 April 1947
Routes - Stockholm-Copenhagen-Frankfurt-Geneva-Rome-Cairo'
Equipment DC-4
Vikings
21. SWISSAIR
Authorization Date - 25 June 1947
Routes - Geneva-Cairo
Equipment - DC-4
?
j722. Syrian Airlines -
Authorization Date - 21 March 1947
Routes - All Syrian Airlines serviceS were suspended
in April, 1947
23, Technical and Aeronautical Exploitations Co., Ltd. (TAE) (Greek)
Authorization Date - 141pril 1948
Routes - Athens-Alexandria
,Equipment - DC-3
24. Transcontinental and Western Airlines (TWA) (29)
Authorization Date - 18 June 1946
Routes - New York -Azores-Lisbon-Madrid-Algiers -Tunis -Tripoli -
Cairo -Dhahran-Bombay
Equipment - Lockheed Constellation
SECRET,
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3Cl.Kt I
25. 'British Overseas Airways Corporation (BOAC) (7, Of
Authorization Date - 1937
Routes - London-Tripoli-Cairo-Khartoum-Nairobi-Salisbury-
Johannesburg (York and Lancastrian)
London-Tripoli-Cairo-Khartoum-Nairobi (York)
London-Tripoli-Cairo-Khartoum-Nairobi-Dar es Salaam
(York)
Southampton-Augusta-Cairo-Luxor-Khartoum-Port Bell-
Livingstone-Johannesburg (Solent)
London-Marseille-Valletta-El Adem-Cairo (DC-3)
Nairobi-Mogadiicio-Hargeisa-Aden-Asmara-Port Sudan-
Nadi Halfa-Luxor-Cairo (DC-3)
Addia Ababa-Asmara-Khartoum-Wadi Halfa-Luxor-Cairo
(DC-3)
Aden-Djibouti-Kamaran-Asmara-Port Sudan-Jidda-
Luxor-Cairo (DC-3)
London-Tripoli-Cairo-Basra-Karachi-Calcutta-SingapOre-
Darwin-Sydney (Lancastrian)
London-Marseille-Augusta-Cairo-Basra-Bahrein-Karachi-
Calcutta-Rangoon-Singapore-Soerabaja-Darwin-Bowen-
Sydney (Hythe)
London-Tripoli-Cairo-Basra-Karachi-Delhi-Calcutta
(York)
London-Tripoli-Cairo-Basra-Karachi-Delhi (York)
Southampton-Marseille-Augusta-Cairo-Basra-Bahrein-
Karachi (Hythe)
London-Tripoli-Cairo-Basra-Karachi-Bombay-Colombo
(Lancastrian)
Southaznpton-Marseille-Augusta-Cairo- Bahrein-Karachi-
Calcutta-Rangoon- Bangkok-Hong Kong (Plymouth)
(This flight goes to Shanghai and Yokohama
via Hong Kong Airways)
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SECRET
AIRPORTS
Egypt has two airfields designated as interee:tional commercial
airports:
1. Almaza - Used by BOAC, Air France, RAF Ferry Command
and Netherlands Government Transport Operations
for military and civilian transport service
during World War II. In 1944, the airport was
enlarged, the initial work being done by the
RAF at a cost of 422,000 Egyptian pounds. MISR
makes use of Almaza. 20);
2. Farouk - Formerly John Payne Field, developed by the
USA Air Force in 1943 for the use of the Air
Transport Command, is 13 miles 'east of the
center of Cairo. The land was obtained from
the RAF and they in turn had received it under
the Anglo-Egyptian treaty terms. The field was
improved at US expense/et a cost of $2,652,000.
It has two runways, 7,000 ft. each, and one of
6,000 ft. On 15 Jane 1946, Payne Field was
given to the Egyptian Government and an agree-
ment was signed with the US designating it as a
civil international airport. The US Government
agreed to supervise, maintain and opei-ate
communications, navigational aids, and meteoro-
logical services for at least six months, and
?not more than one year. During this period, the
US agreed to carry on a training program for
Egyptian personnel.
TRA has a maintenance base at the field and
conducts overhaul operations for a number of
airlines throughout the Middle East. (15, 21, 22, 23,, 24),
(67.)In addition to the international airports, the following airfields
are used by commercial airlines in Egypt:
Alexandria (Fouad)
- (31
- 08 N.
(29
-48 E.
Aswan
(24
- 03 N.
(52
- 54 E.
Assiut
(27
- 13 N.
(31
- 06 E.
Minia
(28
- 05 N.
(30
- 44 E.
-Luxor
(25
- 41 N.
(32
- 42 E.
Sollum
(31
- 34 N.
(25
- 08 E.
Port Said
(31- 17N.
(32 - 15 E.
SF (KT
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3U.Kti
ORGANIZATION
During World War II the Department of Civil Aviation was under
the Ministry of National Defense. The RAF provided the necessary
equipment and parts to enable MISR Airlines to continue operation2
of services deemed essential to military operations in the Middle
East.
In April 1946,by Royal Decree, the Department of Civil Aviation
was transferred to the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Communica-
tions. In October 1947 both military and civil aviation were
placed under the Ministry of National Defense and the post of Under
Secretary of State for Aviation was constituted. (7, 13, .15, 16, 17, 18)
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TRAINING
There are two flying schools in Egypt.
1. MISR Airwork Flying School at Almaza Airport, Cairo,
furnishes flying training for both A and B licenses
and Ground Engineering and Radio instructional
establishments. It has branch flying schools at
Alexandria and Port Said. The school fleet consists
of:
5 DH Tiger Moths
2 DH Gipsy Moths
1 DH Leopard Moth
2 Miles Magister
2. National Air Services, S.A.E.
late 1947.
Began operations in ?
. _
Together the schools provide approximately 420 training hours
monthly to about 115 civil pilot trainees in Egypt. (7, 16, 17)'
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FUEL
There are three important producing oil fields in Egypt. The 1947
production in US barrels is as follows:
1. Ras Gahrib - 8,847,000
2. Hurghada - 351,000
3. Sudr 112,000
Wadi Suda on Sinai peninsula is considered an outlet for"the
reserves already tapped. There are two refineries in Egypt, both in
the Suez area, the larger owned and operated by the Anglo-Egyptian
Oil Company; the smaller is an Egyptian Government-owned plant.
The Anglo-Egyptian Oil Fields, Ltd. refinery has an intake oapacity
of approximately 35,000 barrels per day. Sources of crude oil are
augmented by imports front Abadan and other Persian Gulf sources.
A,pipeline, capable of transferring 1,000 tons per day of refined
products, lies between the refinery at Suez and the city of Cairo.
The 12-inch section from Suez to Agrud is British-owned and is con-
nected to the underground storage tanks awned by the British Army.
The Agrud to Cairo line is a 6-inch section built by the British with
US Lend Lease material in 1943.
Storage Facilities
Shell CoMpany of Egypt Total Capacity
*US Barrels
Port Said
Alexandria
271,400
158,450
.Total storage capacity for Egypt - 10,300,000 USrbarrels. (10, 11)
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3tUCtL
AIR POLICY
4
(a). International
AlthourEgypt's one bilateral agreement concluded to date,
that with the United:States, is a full Fifth Freedom pact,
Egypt leansttoward restrictive agreements in order to protect
'Egyptian airlines.
? Egypt has been in sympathy with the Arab League Aviation
Committee which leans toward a capacity or frequency control
clause in the proposed revised Arab League Standard Form Air
Agreement, as a means of protecting Middle East traffic for
Arab airlines.
Egypt's concern has always been the protection of pairo-Lydda
traffic for MISR airline. On conclusion of the US -bilateral
with Egypt, TRA agreed with Egyptian MISR that MISR would have
a prior right to traffic originating in Cairo and destined for
Lydda. The agreement signed 18 June 1946 automatically expired .
in June 1947. . Egypt's failure to conclude other bilaterals
(other than the US agreement) is due to a demand that Fifth
Freedom traffic be reserved on area routes which parallel the
routes of MISR. I-
Since the Arab-Jewish fighting, however, and the consequent
loss of Lydda Airport, the Egyptians have issued order .to
civil airlines using Egyptian airports to cease calling at
Israeli-held airports. This necessitates cancellation of ser-
vices to Haifa and other Israeli-held airports if airlines wish
to retain the privilege of calling at Cairo and Alexandria, both
of which are important traffic generating centers.
Informal agreement was reached between Lebanon and Egypt relative
to frequency of flights by Middle East Airlines and MISR on the
Cairo-Beirut service.
The Cairo-Amman service of MISR is further evidenced that
Egyptian policy is :tending to strict traffic division with its
Arab neighbors. (2, 3, 4, 5; 12, 13; 14, 15; 33)
Multilateral
Egypt favors a multilateral agreement for air transport. (34)
\..40-041144,:rutli C49.4141 he Stiatelith:?3
(b) Domestic 4
?
Egypt's domestic policy(l) prohibits cabotage; (2) seeks
to restrict foreign lines that might compete over a sector of
the route with the national lines. (30, 31, 32)
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MHO'S WHO (7, 35)
Under Secretary of State for Aviation -
Director General of Civil Aviation
Department
Acting Deputy Director General of
Civil Aviation Department
Dr. Abel Rahman El Sawi Bey
- Mostafa Riad Moursi
- Dr, Ahmad Fehmi Beheri
Inspector General of Civil Aviation
Department and
Egyptian Representative on ICAO Council-
Controller of Airdromes
Controller Aeronautical Inspection
Board of Directors of MISR Airlines
H.E. Dr. Hassan Sadek Pasha
H.H. Prince Soliman Daoud
Mohamed Roushdy Bey
Mohammed Ahmed Farghali Pasha
Tarraf Aly Pasha
Mohammed TwOfik KhaliiBey
Abd El-Hamid Abd Elhak Bey
Mostafa Riad Moursi Bey
Officials of MISR Airlines
1 Mohamed Roushdy Bey
Genial El Din Kotby.Bey
Abdel Hamid Mokbel Bey
Capt. Hussein Tewfik
Hassan Shoukry Eff.
Mohamed Fuad Raaf at Eff.
Aly Bahgat Eff.
SECRET
Osman Hamdi
- Mohamed El Hakim
C.
- Mohsen Shehab El-Din
- Chairman and Managing Director
- Vice Chairman
- Managing Director and General
Manager
- Directors
- Director General, Civil Aviation
Department and Government Delegate
Managing Director and General
Manager
? Deputy General Manager
:= Secretary General
Operation Manager
? Works Manager
Traffic Manager
Chief Accountant
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_y_kabnilloor
Egyptian Investors in SAIDE
H.E. Elhany Pasha Hussein - a member by marriage of the
Egyptian koyal family
H.H. Prince Soliman Daoud
H.E. Mohamed Taher Pasha
H.E. Mourad Wahba Pasha
Italian investors in SAIDE
Umberto Klinger
SECRET--
an engineer who was formerly
the chairman of the prewar
Italian State Airline "Ala -
Littoria" and is reported to
have been appointed Director
General of SAIDE.
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0
EGYPT
1. MA Rumania, R-242-47, 30 April 1947, Secret.
2. State Cairo #46, 13 February 1945, Confidential.
3. MA Cairo #4886, 10 April 1944. '
4. American Aviation World Wide Directory, Spring-Summer 1949, Uncl.
5. State #293, Cairo, 23 Oct. 1944, Restricted.
6. MA Cairo, R-301-46, 20 June 1946.
7. State Cairo #183, August 20, 1948, #241737.
8. Interavia W1528, 9 Sept. 1948.
9, BEA, BOAC, BSAA, Foreign Air Transport Division, Econ. Bureau, CAB,
30 July 1948, TG File, UK. Unclassified.
10. Mr. Paul Hopper, CIA, interview 25 Oct. 1948.
11. Air Intelligence Report, Hqrs., AAF. No, 100-96-48, 10 Dec. 1946, Secret.
12. OSS A-5964, 20 July 1945, Secret.
13. State 222, American Legation, Cairo, 19 Aug. 1946.
14. American Legation,. Cairo, 1513, 25 April 1946.
15. State Dept. ACC 9/2, 24 April 1945, Secret.
16. MA Egypt, R-38-47, 27 February 1947, Secret.
17. Janes All the Worlds Aircraft, 1945-46, p. 32b.
18. Airman's Almanac 1945, Francis Watton, p. 214, Unclassifled.
19. NA Cairo, Ser. 17-46, 14 February 1946, Confidential.
20. State 436, American Legation, Cairo, 6 February 1945, Civil Aviation
in Egypt, 1944.
21. American Legation Cairo, 140, 18 June 1945.
22. Ser. 7-47, NA Cairo, 17 January 1947, Confidential.
23. MA Cairo, R-299-46, 19 June 1946, Restricted.
24. State Cairo #2740, 21 July 1947, Confidential.
25. KLM - Foreign Air Transport Division, Econ. Bureau, CAB, 5 Oct. 1948.
26. ABC World Airways Guide #174, October-November 1948.
27. State 4266, 16 July 1947, Quarterly Civil Aviation.
28. A-231, 14 Aug. 1947, Baghdad to State, Unclassified.
29. Annual Economic and Finandial Review - 1946, American Embassy, Cairo,
? #33, 17 Feb. 1947.
30. American Embassy Cairo to State A-207, 23 March, 1948, Unclassified.
31. A-27 Nicosia to State 19 August 1948, Restricted.
32. American Embassy Cairo #27, 10 January 1948, Restricted.
33. A-173, Cairo to State, 5 March 1948, Restricted.
34. A-2, Ec/20, 7/6/48, Memo to ICAO by Egyptian Delegation.
35. A-319, Cairo to State, 12 May 1948, Confidential.
36. State Dept. Daily Economic Summaryi7 September 1948, Secret.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP78-01617A004200030001-1