DOWN ON THE FARM

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP74-00297R000301040027-8
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 1
• Document Creation Date: December 27, 2016
• Document Release Date: August 7, 2013
• Sequence Number: 27
• Publication Date: July 8, 1958
• Content Type: OPEN SOURCE

!TAT
Declassified in Part -.Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/07: CIA-RDP74-00297R000301040027-8
By, Maiquis" Childs
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. i -.h ...... . . . , .ftostov.on.Don. t -'y ? This is. one Of the -ii"eiVInien who are ? conliniiii under lihrUsii-
.I..
: The visitor from the West who may suspect that he will he 1
Chev's impetus to try, to bring . a great ' forward .a6arice. to , egi?it:
shown only the Prize exhibits is immediately disarmed byf the 75,000: ? Culture... They are more concerned with practical results with
acre Testament of Lenin Collective Farm. - - 1 - 7, , .. ' ' yleology; and ? dogma They , are Shrewd, hard-headed; realistic, - and
It has all:the-earmarks of the transition through which Soviet not a:littlelof:the future depends on their success. ' 1 - - ?
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. . :. ? Ittthe reorganization going forward, the individual peas
.:lint has
agriculture is Passing in an effort ,to increase production andrto] 1
make good PremierICIumshchev's boast that the Soviet Union Will been given iireaternAcentiVe'bi being alloWed to sell on the free
hi a;very few years surpass the Output of the 'U. S. in butter, Meat; market the produce from his own plot of an acre or?-sd.. Re can
milk and'other'high-bfotein.foOdeithat have been in scarce supply : _heel) a.con:'and'a Calf, poultry and a few pigs:' Visiting he crowded
In the:eow bardare, the familiar ilogani calling On the Workers, niiirkets hi each-:City;-yon-quiCkly get, an idea :of how riMportant
Whose hieOr b
ne depends i.:Partiin 'output, to prOdUce more andniOre? this Tree finitiket.id.w --,7:" :' J ' ' '-` ; -?=J: If:- :'''??
.r.-C - The -decisions iziedefaly .; taken by the 'Cotinniniiii ' hierarchy
and thereby outstrip the U..B.?XComrade co* attendant: Our team "
is fighting, to get 2,800. liters -(612 gallons) from every gow: Let's
, fulfill =this xoal. with:honor."... : L, '' . ? . ? ? ..- ' . , --. "-.' e
I.-. Such /patriotic invocatiOnsthave-long been ,standard inspiratibn-
appear tO, have enlarged;the?relponsibiliti of reach :CollectiVe farin
by ending the systemof forced deliveries and wipini"Out the'aireard
_cn :those deliveries. .- It should be added that ',these-matters . are
for- the Rdssiari farmers,' who' make up well over; half ' the popula. k 1 , I. outsider O cons rue: - : - -' -, -
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ilani:.What is ',Iiew.ori,?the Testament of ;Lenin ,Farm i is the director - ? ?";",? tk fr . t- i*; r... .:,-*?.1. ,, J.-A * .1'. -..ir' ?(,2 ????-?t t ti.44 ,
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Work is . going 'forward . on the ? road;cdeep/y rutted 1:lig?ecent
ttenadiy Aleckseevich Shkuro. Trained as an engineer with?experi7
nee in industrY, Shkiiro i?s';. a' lean, ? capable-looking man with a; heavy rains, :that is .the main street of-the old village and the site
'determined glint in this, steel-blue , eyes. ? ?.) : - :a.' - ? '4 ..b '
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1 .1 11isrhninediatetaskid to makesure that the major'shift,in the
0 Soviet system-of agriculture ordered.bY_the Supreme Soviet under
Ichrushcheif's direCtionis carried out as efficiently and as -quickly as
possible. l'Under that:shift:the. Separateliuthority of the Machine
itractor stations was abOlishedand responsibility forltheheriresterS,-
4hetractors and the,.Otner.complibated -machinery essential to mass
I the long, hard way from 'serfdom. ^:f. 11.-`. ;.:-..:-Ii.--- -
i larming as put on the .collective farm,itself.
The transformation being undertaken on thons'andi Of collectiVe
i.'-'" ShIcurO'-iiays:-he'is';coitvitieed'thid Wilfmake for much greater .
arms-L-80 Per;Icent of , Russia's agriculttire-is 'another 'phase id
'0..fficiency, knee irWill endli bureaucratic division 'of authority that :
, ' - ? -- ? ..'.'' r), t struggle.... - .
could 'only be tiiiieebniuming find' frdstrating: ?;-'? ' ? _- .. - ..., ,. ; ? ? - , --..1,:`-'4'"; - - ..- ' -?
iWhen "they :were_ operated under separate caulhority,-the-?ma:..,,,,,,,,,,v,,,,,,-',-;?:?,,???,",,:-/?:;.,,,,,?..,;?..,.?,. ,. ' , ?
;aline' tractor station's were 'Paid in ^a'share'of 'the'Produce,of the
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?t011ective 'lath). S' This made for an elaborate bookkeeping System
litnd for vvake iii4he'disti?ibUtion of the nationsfoOclisupplY:
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4' But for men like Shkuro the,jobls tdincorporate the Machines
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taken over from the'trictdi station's-into the-operaticeof a large-
kale business With.900-ftill-tinie workers and 400 to 500 additional
Part-time einPlifYid! 7 He talk's frarikly' of- the-deficiencies -of the
combines with which we harvesting of the 7**h:if& Wheat crop milk
shortly begin.: The combines are not the newest types andthere'is
iit problem of -spire Parts.-::-' ' I. -:.?':' ' - ?, - \ ' ? . ; ' ' _.
'?' '-' One Of the-things:The -nnist -do id the first week's, he says* irve
stand talking;at A corner of the field of grain that stretches Off
toward the horizon-like :a 'sea ' that ii -alternateli 'greed and gold
filhe-Wind; Is to get- ii.,.sheltei-liiiilt ?Sikh costly machinery should
stand out in the rainand snow. ' '
. But if his task is formidable, Slikuro shows no signs 'of 'being-
Intimidated by it. On the contrary; he seems to enjoy the challenge
and he concedegthat the strain is less than lit was-in-industrY.' He
was "recommended" for the bositiOn of director rand hid election by
the members -of qlie cellective,folloWed. ? , ."( ? - .. - , i 1 ? :-
of 'the headquarters of the c011ective. Shkuro explaina that-these.
padly needed repairs are paid-for, not ,by tbe,eollective !mit by the
Inunicibilityt1 The.chigtrswii.ls up Oomi`the'road'irithe hot ',windy
air. and the viiiOdel hoiises. along 4":street have an ancient look
i'1,14 They are is harp contrast to the Modern ?liotisidg in the new
village built 'ajnile' and a half away:/fOrfpart of the farm families
It is a 'village Out Of4he`,paSt.-71:a past that has transmitted deeply,
,rooted habits, habits engrained in a peasantry that straggled up'
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6 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/08/07: CIA-RDP74-00297R000301040027-8