TRANSLATIONS OF YUGOSLAV PUBLICATIONS

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP83-00415R011400120001-0
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: R
• Document Page Count: 53
• Document Creation Date: December 14, 2016
• Document Release Date: October 19, 2001
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: May 15, 1952
• Content Type: REPORT

25X.1 A
4OFFOP
MAY
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CENTRAL INTELLIGENCETAGENCY REPORT NO.
INFORMATION REPORT CD NO. 25X1A
COUNTRY
Yugoslavia
DATE DISTR. 15 May 1952
SUBJECT
Translations of Yugoslav Publications
NO. OF PAGES
1
25X1A
PLACE
ACQUIRED
NO. OF ENCLS.
(LISTED BELOW)
2
MEN&INFO.
SUPPLEMENT TO
25X1X
1. Attached hereto for your retention are two translations
of the Yugoslav press.
2. Although the cover sheet is classified "RESTRICTED", the
enclosures are "FREE."
THIS DDGU!ENT Ht;S AN ENCLOSURE AtTh
D0 NOT DE10
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 THIS IS AN ENCLOSU T
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J O I N T T H A N S L T I O N SERVICE
SUI~ . r RY OF THE YUGOSLAV PRESS
from Yucoslav newspapers and
ns
t
l
25X1A
io
t.
a
This Bulletin contains trans
periodicals. It is intended for the use of the participating thi lions
and not for general distribution. Accuracy of the translations is
not guaranteed. -------------------------------------------
Headlines
Headlines
Headlines
Headlines
INDEX
of Borba of the 16th 11~iarch
of Borba continued
of Polti_ka of the 16th March
of Poli.tika continued'
of Borba of the 17th March
Headlines of Borba continued
Headlines of i'cluika of the
17th March
THE 5TH MARCH
FROM THE OFFICIAL GAZETTE NO.10 OF
P,6.
Decree on principles governing the
enterprises
17th March, 1952.
operation of economic
FROM BORBA OF THE 15TH MARCH
eal by Bishop Santin to
p
Slanders of a notorious Fascist. _p
Cardinal Spellman
The role of peasant workiri!- co_onerriives urand their place in
the socialist transformation g
P.20. The relationship between enterprises and the bank (Article)
FROM POLITIKA OF THE 15TH iMiAROFI
d
P.16, Conversation with Rumanian airmen who escape
FROM BORBA OF THE 16TH LARCH
,.< t speech to a delegation of the First Congress of
P.24. Marshal Tito s sp
the Federation of Students of Yugoslavia
FROM BORBA OF THE 17TH i-,AACH
P.22.
P.23.
New Albanian provocations aria to Yugoslevia
A whole family escapes from Bulgaria Be1~,rade-Paris
Reception at French Embassy upon the opening
airline
against retrogressive customs at Kosmet: a number of
Struggle
t
Moslem priests take par
Thieves sentenced to death and imprisonment at
SUPPLEMENT OF TRATdSLjT10 FROM THE PRJVINCIiL ?'RES-02
Sara evo
FROM NOVA 1VIAKEDONIJA OF THE 9TH MARCH
Certain problems affecting our University at Skoplje
P.a.
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HEADLINES
p,1. MARSHAL TITO SPEAKS TO A DELEGATION OF THE FIRST CONGRESS
OF THE FEDERATION OF STUDENTS OF YUGOSLAVIA,
*
Session of the Government of PR Slovenia :'Basic Draft of
the Social Plan of the Republic accepted.
Session of the Government'of Bosnia and Hercegovina,
The Government of Croatia makes observations ora the Social
Plan of'the FPRY.
P , 2 a PARTY ORGANISATIONS - POLITICAL LEADERS OF THE WORKING MASSES.
( article by Draza Markovic , secretary of the Town Committee
of CP of Serbia for Belgrade ).
SECOND ORDINARY SESSION OF THE PEOPLE'S ASSEMBLY OF SERBIA :
THE DRAFT LAW CONCERNING SOCIAL PLANS OF THE VOIVODINA AND
KOSNIET PASSED,
Citizens of Osijek solve problems of their city..
'Great possibilities of profitable work on State agrict'ltural
farms.
TRIAL OF A HUNGARIAN SPY IN OSIJEK
P.3. Local economic items.
DECISIVE YEAR OF THE BASIC INDUSTRIAL BRANCH : NEW CAPACI-
TIES OF FERROUS NIETALURGY.
Concerning tasks of syndicates in carrying out the new Wages
System : Letter to syndical organisations by the Executive of
the Central Committee of the Yhugoslav Federation of Syndicates.
P,4, Letter from Bonn : Bonn examines Soviet Note in connection
with Peace Treaty with Germany.( Article by Slobodan Glumac).
Labour leader Hugh Dalton concerning German armament.(Tanjug).
Letter from Norway : Progressive ideas in the service. of reac-_
.tion0 ( Article by Borba's correspondent Milan Bajec )o
Work of the Sub-Committee of the UN for freedom of information;
The draft of the International Moral Law for journalists accep-
ted, ( AFP . )
Economist concerning signs of economic depression. ( Tanjug ),
Japanese- Indian Trade relations ( UP
Hiiali Pasha accuses Wafdist Party.
French Press concerning death sentences in Franco's Spain.
( Tanjug
t
From Countries of the Soviet Bloc : New Law concerning working
relations in Poland ; In Prague twelve. --Pretences passed.(
neuters ).,
Nazi general Roemer sentenced,,
Former chief of neo--fascibt party arrested ( Reuters )
France gets loan ( Tanjug
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P,4, Campaign priar.rto municipal elections in Great Britain (AFP).
);t
P.5. NOTE CF THE FPRY GCVErRNMENMENT TO ITALY DE1S AND TO ENSURE.
RIGHTS OF THE SLOVENE MINORITY. ( Tanjug
rt?
.AN OBVIOUS MANOEUVRE BY THE IBREDENTISTS .
CONTINUATION OF THE TRIAL AT, LU.KA ( Tanjug )
CPYRGHT
Italian Senate. accepts draft concerting Shuman Plan. ( UP )..
From \Burma :(Article by Borba' s special correspondent Jakov : - .
Levi' ).
3
USA EMBASSY MAKES A GIFT TO SKOPLJE UNIVERSITY ,
'the Austrian Problem - is still the least Autrian one (Article
by D. Popovic, Borba's"correspondent ).
Austrian State Secretary accuses Soviet occupation forces,(AFP).
BRAZILIAN LEGATION IN BELGRADE RAISED TO EMBASSY;( Tanjug ).
Statement by USA State Secretary for Defence . ( UP
Events in Korea:,War prisoners on the island Kojedo revolt;
Un Command informs North-Korean - Chinese Delegation about
the revolt of z.'isoners of war. (AFP), ;`Chinese accuse USA
of carrying over bacterological war to Chinese territory ;.
( AFP ). ; The American Government will n^t permit the USSR
to pass lightly with mcnstrous accusations. ( Reuters ).
:Short Items from abroad,
P,.6. NEW ORTHOGRAPHY WILL BE ISSUED SOON; INTERVIEW WITH Dr,ALEK--
SANDAR BELIC, PRESIDENT OF SERBIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE,
LETTERS TO THE EDITOR SCHOOL AND EDUCATIONAL PROBLEMS IN
OUR DAILY PRESS: ( By Professor Iiarko Paprenica.).
P.7. Improvement of health services.
POLITIKA
P.l. MARSHAL TITO SPEAKS TO A DELEGATION OF THE FIRST CONGRESS OF
THE FEDERATION OF STUDENTS CF YUGOSLAVIA.
P.2. Air traffic between Zagreb and Ljubljana set up...again.
Consultative meetings of the Executive Committees of the War
Veterans Associations.
THE ROLE OF THE SCHOOL IN THE EDUCATION OF YOUTH, .( Article
by Zorana Puric, High -school professor ).
NE1,u PRICES FOR TOURISTS IN THE YOUGOSLAV ZONE OF THE FTT
Increased production of oil in Capodistrria (T,anju,g)
P,3. When one lacks confidence in experts *. (Article on 'domestic
economy)
A protest meeting held iri Negotin in connection with viola-
tions of Yugoslav air space by. Rumanian and Bulgarian airplanes.
Consultative meeting of vi.nicul.ture._a.nd . fruit growing .experts
is taking_.p1a.c-e- in Zag=reb i
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P:,3. SAVINGS BANK OF AGRICULTURAL COOPERATIVES WILL BE 71E4TED
SHORTLY. ( Tanjug
P,4. London worried because of difficulties in trade between the
Common wealth countries ( Tanjug ).
Western Germany and Europe : Bonn thinks that the occupa-
tional status will be substituted in april.
Proposal to create inter-islamic consultative organ.( AFP),
P.S. What are the prospects of an early conclusion of a Peace
Treaty with Austria ( article by Bozidar Dikic ).
PROPAGANDA MANOEUVRE OF SOVIET BUREAUCRACY :r- THE PEACE
BUDGET yr ( article by D.Ka. )T
After his Berlin visit Gottwald is appeasing the Czechoslmvak
people...LArticle, by L.Davico)
;F
Soviet exploitation of Austria ( AFP )Q
P.6. Italian Film satire and the American criminal film
P.7. Ship-yard 41 Cukarica 11 repairs many floating objects,
Hindrances which explain the present activities in shops
selling milk, bread and meat.
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BOR.B 17th March, 1.952.
CPYRGHT
P.l. EVIL;ENCE OF PCLI`.I'I_Cr.L i,uATu1ITY I., C0~_LECTIVES, (Article by
Batric Jovnivic }
Election.of 7;6orkers' Councils in Osijek enterprises
2,000 products from the factory
No Iiarinkovic" in Osijek
Preparations for Annual Assembly of Democratic Front. in
C'rn+h:ien Slo`wartia
Celebration of Tito' s birthday: Merethon from b o, H will run
throulzreat work end f a curie s
-One of the best inc;.ustriel works in the, country: illustration
of hydro-electric works at Vuzenica
N tip'' PAOV OC1L_''I ON BY ALBANIANS
Truce negotiations in liorea: Unitec :Comae:id.l.s.,newest,-..,proposal
accepted (AFP, Pen Nun Jom)
Letter from London: est pr.-.pyres answer to Soviet 1\ to on
Grmany (Report from D,Popovic)
RUCfit l'IO , TFH NCH SY Zr1F I '1'r,u OPENING OF 'IRE .Ir2 LINE
BET!,.EEN BELGit.,DZ .AND PARIS
j-, NHOLE F~ I'iILY SCi'.1ei S f'.tvlri B.ULGl,itillz :IvT() YUGOLL_ VIA
FIFTH GHOU?S F G t.O K CHILDREN TR,V ~L TO `,HEIR ?ARENTS
First brig ad.es on the railway from K Aj is to Jat lanica :
five brigades fr 'Tu.-la will leave can, l1t _ .pri
Four _oydro-electric works in 1eontene,~:ro: two will soon be
completed
New institute for electrical economy in Ljubljana
i(TIVITIrS CF LOC AL P1~. T1 GRG!NI~C TIC'S how political
work is ore,anised in the Travnik U)i,, trict : con'vt_-rsation with
Secretary of District Party Committee:
Conference of CC CV Montenegro
Elections of Local 'f-ommittees in the Titograd District
STRUGGLE AGAINST lt::TROGRESSIVE CT5S 'Oi,iS i.1' KOSM,ET: ti NUivibEE OF
MOSLEM PiJILSTS TAKE ?ART
Our fishermen will. fish in Israeli and Tunisian waters.
Annual AE sembly of District Synct.icete Committee at Novi Sad:
syndicate members lack inaepenIence in their work: Djuro Salaj
spoke;
Discussion on problems of railway administration
In the 'Second ReFlio.i of Ljubljana 223 decorations are awarded.
THIEVE; SENTENCED TO LIFE Il2r'rL1SONi.rEN T kJ L' DEATH t,,T SARAJEVO
Hunting guns produced at Kraar}Ja
Conference of-Secretaries of Chief Committee of Far Veterans'
Association
P-3, STATEMENT BY REFUGEE RUTliAN IAN ,IRMEN : EXECUTION OF PROVOCATIVE
ACTS OVER RUMU,1I:1'N-YUGOc'L0 FRONTIER REA
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IRD'EDENTI,ST .CTlVI`i'Y: i Ek 3L_kNDE LS IN C01,;Iv~C'1ICN ITH THE
LbOPTION OF T~ ]i ilI { .iZ Iii 2 O E B ' OF FTT
P,4, Improvement of working; conditions in iiiacedonia : stru le for
5 -
Meeting of Carirrthian Ji_stfict Assemblies: Federation of
Slovene 1,' ,;,arrts s-.ek-s to be represented. in State Chamber of
Peasant.
Blockade of Eastern Germany sought after in US
British Trades Unions will oppose Government budget proposals:
Criticism in British press of British export of rubber to
Soviet Union and satellite. countries
Signing, of Treaty of ~..ilitary .Co-operation between US and brazf_
Iranian Government rejects proposals of International Bank
More sentences given to January rioteers in Cairo
7: .
Resolution of Oouncil of l,,oslem Organisations (J "IF?, Karachi)
(ObsEeryer, London)
Events in Germany; UN Commission arrives in Bonn to investi-
Milan Bartos gives a lecture in Cacek
Status of Soviet mission in Tokyo
YUGO,SLhV JOCRNALIS'T'S Iii BRITAIN
Indian mediation in iii::itation of war in Indo-China
gate conditions for holdin;. democratic elections in Germany
NEW FLYING SCHOOL IN LJPTLJAI11A
Versatile activity of womenz.8 sections of co-operatives in
Yugoslavia: 400 courses in domestic science cater for
10,000 women
valuable land (Article by Doksin .Miuratovski)
rOLITIKA
P.2A 'HOW A 1~;N LIVES IN THE SOVIET UNION (Article by Jurij
Gustincic)
It is best in your own country: people return from Italy,
Germany and Austria to Yu,.,oslavia (Lrticle by N,St. )
P-3. Election of new administration of Journalists' Federation of
Slovenia
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On the basis of the Alt,,)4.0 of the Law on the planned management
of national economy and Art.l of the resolution in connection
with the Draft Social Plan of the FPRY for 1952 and upon the
proposal of the President of the Federal Economic Council,
the Federal government promulgates the following
DECREE
on the principles governinrc operations of economic
enterprises
General provisions
Art.l
CPYRGHT
Economic enterprises and other economic organizations
founded on the basis of the Basic Plan on state economic enter-
prises, as well as enterprises of the cooperative and social
organizations are to operate in accordance with the principles
set up by the Decree.
Art..2
Economic enterprises arc to operate independently
respectin., obligations deriving from the basic proportions
provided for by the Social Plan.
Art .3
Proportions of the Social Flan which are the source
of the immediate obliL,ations of enterprises and which are to
be respected by enterprises are the following:
a) the minimum index of the exploitation of the
capacity of the concerned enterprise;
b) the rate of accumulation and funds irk the re-
lation to the wage fund of the enterprise;
c) the" rate of the social regular and supp:lemen.tary,
contributions which'are to be allocated by enterprises to their
budgets, and
d) the basic investment construction which must be
.carried out by enterprises according; to the Social Plan
.or in.compliance with rieasurespassed in conformity with the
Social Plan.
Art..
For the purpose of ascertaining their ob:Ligations deriving
Prom-the-proportions set up by the Social Plan, the economic
enterprises are to a ly a unit measure for realizing their
capacities and amounts of accumulation and funds in accordance
with the formulations specified in the documentation of the
Social Plan.
Economic enterprises are to carry out their basic
jnvostment construction in-accordance with obligations
st,i'puiated in the Social Flan, Tollowing special provisions
(compuls?ry nvestmcnts).
Enterprises may as a rule make investments to which
they are not obliged b-r the Social Plan using financial means , .
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which have been placed at their independent disposal
(independent investments).
Art . 5
In addition to the proportions specified by the
Social Pl8n, economic enterprises are also to adhere in
their,-operations to'the measures set up for the purpose
of ensuring the consummation of the Social Plan 4-Art.31 of
the Law on the planned management of national economy).
Art,6
All.the economic enterprises are to adhere in their
dealings to the proportions of the Federal Social Plan, as
wellas of the Republic, Authono,mous units, District and
Town Social Plans which legally refer to them.
Art.7
After establishing their obligations deriving from
the Social Plan, economic enterprises are to establish their
own independent plans bearing; in mind such obligations.
Art,
8
The National Bank of the FPRY-is to keep records
of the social output and the national revenues realized on
the part of' economic ente.rnrises. These records are to be
kept'y,the Bank on the basis of the data btained from
current accounts kept by enterprises with that Bank.
The National Bank of the FPK' is to forward to the
economic-administrative and financial bodies and to the
directorates for the plan, in accordance with the existing
provisions,. data on the.social output (product), national
revenue..a.nd distribution of the national revenues realized
on the part of economic enterprises. of respective economic
re:ions under the jurisdiction of such bodies.
II. The minimum exploitation of capacities
Art.9
An enterprise arrives, at. the minimum exploitation of this capa
city.afte,r establishin:it.s full capacity expressed in the unit
of measure as specified:in the documentation of the Social
Plan for the corresponding working group.
To the full'~capacity, established in this way,
enterprises are to apply the index of exploitation of
capacity fixed by the Social Plan as a minimum of exploitation
of capacity.'
Art.10
If an enterprise has more than one branch or if it
is engaged in various activities, it should establish the
minimum exploitation of capacity for each branch or activity
in the manner quoted in the preceding article.
Enterprises are to establish their minimum exploitation
of capacity for each branch and activity for which the Soc'Lal
Plan provides a group, irrespective of the fact whether such
branches or activities are the basic, auxilliary or of secondary
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Art,15
An enterprise may take into
butinn only the realized wage fund.
Art.16
consideration for r.istri-
Enterprises are to establish the realized wage fund
for each computing period of time.
For the purpose of ensuring even remunerations of
workers and employees, enterprises may allocate for particular
computing period of time even smaller amounts than the realized
wage fund.
Art017
Enterprises are to make allocations in form of the
social cnntrihutian from the planned'accumulatiori and funds
or from the realized accumulation and funds if they: aho.uld
exceed the planned ones.
The Federal Economic 0aauncil may ordain fc~r. certain
economic branches to allocate sums for the social contribution
on the.reali_zed :accumulation and funds even in case when the
realized accumulation.an,d funds are less than the planned.
Art 18
The realized income, after deductions for social
contributions, is subject,to taxation on extra profits.
The realized wage fund in excess of the required for
the minimum exploitation of capacities is subject to the
taxation on the surplus of the wage fund.
Special previsions are to'set up the-basis a.nd taxation
rate on extra profits anzl wage funds.
Art ,19
If it .is found out from the olenned income that an
enterprise may operate only at a. loss, the body which founded
such an enterprise may make an allocation to it from the
budget.
IV. Procedure for establishing obligations of the
enterprises deriving from, the Social Plan.
Art..20
Upon the prcnosal of the ma_nag1.ng board of the enterprise,
its working council should establish tho full capacity, the
minimum exploitation of that capacity,e ate wage of
and funds and the planned iric?me and planned
for particular branches and activities and for the enterprise
as a whole..
Prior to..submitting it to the workers' council, the
pro-),sal of the 'm^na.ging board, referred to above, must be made
uhlic__,to.-.all` workers of the enterprise.
Art.21
Workers' councils are to discuss and-pass their decisions
with regard to all the factors of the proposal of the managing
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board as mentioned above.
Art 22
Decisi-ns passed according to the above mentioned
article the workers' councils are to forward. for approvryl
to a commission which is to be formed. and to the economic-
administrative body.
These commissions consist of one representative each
of the financial body, of the bank and of the economic-admi-
nistrative body who should at the same, time be the president
of'the commission.
CPYRGHT
Art. 23
Commissions should review the decisions of the workers'
cotn.cil,with respect to the question of establishing full capa-
c:ities, uniform rtes of accumulations and funds, planned incomes
and planned'wa e funcs.and pass their decisions in respect
thereof.
Such cII)mmissins may alter decisions of workers' councils
in regard of the, factors of the preceding. paragraphs;. if such
fact-ors have not, been established in the manner ordained by
this Decree and if they cto not correspond to obligations of
the enterprise deriving, from the. Social Plan,
Against decisions passed by the c,oommissi~n, enterprises
may. file 'their complaints within the period of eight days to the
People's Committee, Republic Economic Council or to the Federal
Economic Council depending on the fact which of these bodies
founded such an.enterrarise?
Art. 24
Officers of the ntrrprise are obliged to furnish the
commission with all necessary data.
With reghrcl to given technical, economic, legal and
other questions, ,the commission may request opinion of experts.
V. Relations existing between the bank
and enterprises
Art. 25
Enterprises are to carry out all their financial
transactions through the bank.
The bank is, to :organize its book keeping, in such a way
so as to ensure a review of the realization of obligations of
enterprises deriving; from the. Social Plan
Art.26
The bank allocates deposits made. by enterprises to
corresponding accounts kept with the bank and makes alloca-
tions from such deposits fdr regular and supplementary social
contributions, for turnover and other taxes if any..
Art. 27 .
The bank calculates the extent of the wage fund of
the enterprise on the basis of its accounts with the bank.
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At the time of payine wares to workers and employees
of enterprises, the bank is to deduct the determined social
contribution:
Art. 28
Upon the proposal of an enterprise and on the basis
of provisions on fin^.ncinc th. bank determines the indis-
pensable amounts of working capitol of enterprises and
extends them,to the enter rise in form of a permanent credit
either fro,i moans planned by the credit balance sheet or
from means placed at its disposal by the competent bodies
on account of the budget or funds.
Enterprises are to ray for such permanent credits
.an interest rate which is to bo fixed. by the Federal government.
Provisions for establishing workine capital of enter-
prises are to he passed upon the proposal of the F. deral
1linist ~3r of Finance and the governor of the National Bank btr
the Federal economic Council.
Art. 29?
Against the ?act of the bank on allocations of the
working capital, entGrrri.ses may file their complaints to
the State Arbitration Court within the period of 15 days
after receiving such an act.
Decision in connection with such complaints are to
be passed by the arbitrary courts whose members consist of
a deleg^ts of the fin^hcial body, representative of the
economic-administrativ,0 body and of temporary and a perma-
nent m,,mbor of the arbitrary court who is to act as its
president
Decisions of the court of arbitration are final.
Special arbitration rroccedurd for establishing working
capital of entcr,;rises be issued by the central state
arbitrary court in agreement with the r edera l Minister of
Finance and the governor of the 1Yational Bank.
Art.30
In addition to the perm?anant credits, the bank is
to grant to enterprises also temporary credits.
All credits are to be granted: ithin the limits of
the credit plan.
Credts'are to be extended to enterprises if they,
are considered to be financially sound..
The economic-adAxninistr=ativo_ bodies may advise the
bank. as to the `enter~rrises which should enjoy the priority --
for: getting temporary credits of the are financially sot'd.
Art.31
Temporary credits are to be approved b- the advisory council
of the bank.
If the -director . of an org*aniaational unit of the, bank
does-not agree with the aet.of the"advisory council by which
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it approved they temporary credit, he may aprly to the
director of a higher ore-anizational unit of th bank to
settle this matter.
If the advisory council is dissatisf led. Swli.th the
decision of the director of a hiahor orgnnizational unit
of the bank, it may demand that the matter be placed
before the republic economic council. or in case that the
director of the higher organizational unit is the Governor
'E'cb:nomic Council,
of the national bank before the Feder-" 1JLl
The bank must act in compliance with the decision of
the economic council on extention of credits.
Art-32
If an enterprise is working temporarily at a loss
because of som measures of state bodies or due to other
objective reasons, the bank may demand the financial body
to guarantee repayment of credits extended to such an
entorrrise~
Art.33
At the ends of th - 1^.:ened year, the bank is to
make a-?bdl-:hce sheet for all thee::. accounts of enterprises
of which it is keeping records.
Art .3 4
In case: that the accounts of enterprises kept with
the b,,=nk do not ~C,Lrec with the it balance sheet, enterprises
may apply,for x revision of such accounts<
TTith respect to the obligations of enterprises deriving
i'rom.the, social plan;;- accounts of the bank are to be considered
as correct until carryin out the requested revision.
The bank: is to make compensations to the eriter-rises
for all losses cause d through. its mistakes.
Art .35
For its information on the situ=ation of an enterprise
the body competent for passing its decision on cessation of
such an enter'.~~rise should aph,ly to the bank far its opinion
with'respect to such a cessation prior to passing its decision.
VI. Provisional and closing, provisions
Art-36
As~ measures -f,or. ensuring r.alization'. of the 1952
social plan are to be considered provisions on prices, servi-
aseC
ces, and com-uta.tions of costs of production nnd se
ces, on obligations of contracting, on distribution of basic
on their assignments,
materials and Mivon products and
which :refer to 1952 inspite of th, fact that they have been
promulgated prior to the implementation of the Law on Manned
management of national economy.
Art.37
Provisions of this Decree are to be implemented also
to the economic and commercial,associAtions.
The Federal Economic Council may provide for certain
deviations from. provisions of this Decree. socrespectaofzobli-
gations of enterprises of cooperative
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deriving from the scc`ial plan.
Art.38
The Federal Economic Council is to rnss the following
provisions:
a) On financial dealings of enterprises through
the bank upon the proposal of the i'ejderal Mini ,ter of Finance
and governor of the Notional Bank;
b) on.financin- enterprises upon the proposal of
the Federal Minister of Fin-~n.ce' and aovern(-.,r of the National
Bank ?,
oh,utiliz~b?on of their sinking funds and means
plac.ed at the free disposal of dent :rrrises. upon the, proposal
o'f the Federal. lviinistor of Fin=ance;
d) on methods for rropnrin- independent plans of
~nt,era:rises
e) on (7,. {ta which the National Bank of the FPRY
should forward to the bodies mentioned under the Art.83 par.3
of- this ')scree on the .~roncsal of t'ha I'eder.nl Minister of
Finance and
f). an the due dates rarc?tin~ procedure for establish--
in oblic tions of enterr.rises with respect to the social plan.
Urcn the nr.or osal of the competent federal council, the
Federal Economic Ccuncil may issue its instructions cn the
principles cov, rning or era.tions of.. ant:. rnrises of p=articular
ecbnoeeic re--ions, adhering to th?,, rrineinles of this ecree.
The Federal Economic Council will also pass ether pro-
visions for implementine this Decree.
Art.39
The president of the Federal Economic Council is to
take care of the matters re ardinm inrlemcntation of this Decree.
Art.4O
Economic enterprises and the bank are to start op era-
tin , in conformity. with rrovisions? of this Decree as of . pril
1, 1952.
Art.41
This Decree abrogates all the provisions contrary to it.
Art-42
This Decree is to be effective from .the date it is
published in.'the Official Gazette of the FPRY.
Belgrade, February 29, 1952,
Signed by Josip Broz Tito, the Primo Minister
of the FFRY, the sinister of National Defence,
and ll tarshal of Yuc~cs1eviz,
Boris K.ic ric, a Federal Minister and the
President 'of the Economic Council
(SLUZBENI LIST - Official Gazette of the FFRY,
March 5, 1952)
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CPYRGHT
SLANDERS OF A NOTORIOUS FASCIST
In connection with the appeal by Bishop Santin". to Cardinal Spellman
The newest move by the Bishop of Trieste, Santin~~, the indefatigable
author of many attacks full of hate on our country and on our peonies,
is represented by a short telegram to American Cardinal Francis
Spellman in which the E shop of Trieste claims that in "TB" Zone of the
FTT "the clergy and the faithful ones", who had previously been
"!deprived of their religious rights", have of late been exposed to
intensified terrorism.
"I beseech Your Eminence to-draw the attention of the American
Government and of the Catholics", pathetically writes Bishop Santin
"to the persecutions" which this Bishop has decid.ed judging by every-
.thing, in the style of biblical miracles---are existing although they
do not exist and never have existed, only because today these miracles
are often greatly necessary both to him and to his policy and also to
the policy of his temporal and spiritual order-givers and chiefs.
The Bishop's telegram was readily taken up by the Irredentist
press in Trieste and in. Italy and, naturally, among the first was the
Irredentist seas^tionai paper Giornale di Trieste which supplemented
the suspicious and poor text of the telegram with passages from the
recent - epistle concerning the same theme sent by this "perturbc,d"
Bishop, mixing in it also certain "problems of civilisation" which
are appearing "before the world public in a fully dramatic form."
To refute this Bishop's tendentious and malicious commentaries
of Quotidi.en or Giornale di Trieste is today quite superfluous. There
have been men from various parts of the world and there will still be
plenty of them who in our country, rather then from the columns of
newspapers of very suspicious impartiality, have been able to convince
themselves whenever they wanted to that in Yugoslavia religious rights
are being enjoyed by everyone who cares for them and that there are no
persecutions at all. It is more beneficial, however, for the sake of
truth to see who this "humane" Vatican's shepherd is and what -18. the
object of his tireless anti-Yugoslav fabrications, excesses.a ..d ur iiuths
which are becoming worse and worse.
Because the Good Shepherd SAntini is a man about whom in the
Autumn of 1938 Mussolini--certainly. not without reason--said that he
had'highly esteemed him as Bishop of Fiume and still more as Bishop
of Trieste." And indeed. Mussolini could have esteemed him: a
consistent Fascists, this Bishop twenty years ago made the greatest
efforts, in the same way as he is doing today, to Italianise every-
thing from Fiume to Trieste which has never been Italian. This
"man-loving" Bishop had been issuing decrees forbidding the use of
the Slovene and Croat languages, and he had also been sending the
Croat and Slovene peoples to Fascist jails and concentration,camps--
including also the nonltalian priests. The Fascist Regime decorated
this Bishop several times for his good and faithful service. His re
putation, gained by persistent persecutions of the Slovenes and Croats,
could not be overlooked by the German invader who also in 1943 made
successful use of this notorious Fascist in Bishop's robes.
Yes, of course, there have been persecutions, b-t not in those
places where Santin finds them.
An enemy and a Fascist, Bishop Santin is naturally in the fore-
front of every anti-Yu. osla_v campaign. Our country has gained a great
reputation in the world by its consistent and constructive struggle
for peace and peaceful. settlement of all conflicts between states.
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Its recent proposal for the solution of the question.of Trieste is also
getting-full recognition in the ranks of the progressive men of the world.
However, this same proposal and this recognition have aroused among the
chauvinists, Irredentists and aggressive Cominformists a new wave of
hatred towards-our country and so-they have, from Fascists to agents
of the Kremlin, taken up their pens in order -t;o -spill: in .-unison a 'sea
of feeble intrigues; Bishop Santin has been assigned the task to
write to the USA and to "beseech" Cardinal Spellman, the USA, the
Catholicsand Wcrld public opinion. And, indeed the Bishop has been
beseeching them in a touching way--to remain blind and to believe all
the stories he is telling them. However, in order that this appeal
cc 3dsucceed,2 Bishop Santin perhaps should have referred to his authority
as an intimAto collaborator of Mussolini and to its already recognised
specialty a6 a Fascist functionary who precisely in these regions"of
which he is today speaking has for,many years been'persecuting the
Slovenes and Croats. (sgd) B. L.
(BORBA - 15th March, 1952)
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0
-- 16 --
CPYRGHT
CON " tSATION V ITH Ruiti1AN I.N -AIRMEN WHO ESCikP D
Last night in the Hotel "Split" a confer'en-ce we s held with
the representatives of the local and foreign ?r^ess at w',ich 5,
Rumanian airmen answered quest ons gut to them" by the correspondents.
In front of us were sittin 5 Rumanians in uniform. The
uniform are very similar to the soviet ones both in colour and cut.
These are the pilots who escaped the day before yesterday with a
bomber to Yugoslavia, 'They are Dumitru Picurka, Lt.-Pilot;
Dr.Jon Bukur,,, Lt,..Military Surgeon; Joan Ginea,.Lt..-Political
.Commissar of the 17th Bomber Squadron in Brasova+,.Georgi Djurea,,
Sgt Major Mechanic and Eugen Morho anu,. Sgt.Major Wireless
Operator'.
Why did you escape to Yugoslavia?
Picurka replied: "We could no longer support the terror which
is felt in all sectors of social life - political, economic,
cultural; In Rumania a man is never permitted to express his
thoughts, everything is controlled and dictated, Even at con--
feren.ces written statements are given which we have to read...eott
'?You have no idea h.cw dismal life in Rumania is. This iso
only known to those who have lived in Rumania. e are happy
have escaped to a free country ....."
"Evert the military aaath'of iiekiance is arrainst Yugoslavia
"On the basis of what data did you decide to escape? You
told us that you wished to come to a free county. How did you
know that Yugoslavia is a free country? They were telling you
differently.
Ginea replied:
"It is true that in Rumania an intensive anti-Yugoslav
witch-hunt is led. But in spite of that there are peo_ale, even
many members of the Rumanian Workers' Party, who are quite well
acquainted with the situation in Yuo lsavia. Through different
channels they come to lea the truth. We knew that Yu oslavia
-is. a socialist country. Besides, we knew that Yugoslavia was the
only one which offered resistance to the Soviet Union, In their
propaganda against Yugoslavia the Rumanian authorities desire that
these truths should not be learned. What is basic in the Soviet
policy in Rumania? One could say that it is the total lack of
confidence in regard to Rumanians, In order to control Rumania, the
Soviet Union sent a great number of advisers and instructors,
they are to be found in every factory and military unit, and even
in schools, univrrtities and academies. Besides, a great number
of young; men who are considered as faithful to the regime are sent
to the Soviet Union for education purposes', In propaganda every
thing is centred against Yugoslavia. Perhaps a good example is
the text of the Rumanian military oath of allegiance. It runs:
III swear that I shall hate from the bottom of my soul enemies b th
local and on the borders of our homeland". It is logical that
these enemies on the border - is Yugoslavia, because all other
Rumanian borders are facing the Soviet Union and countries
under its control....."
"Could you tell us what role is played by the Soviet adviser
in your squadron?"
"In our squadron the instructor was the Soviet Air-Colonel
Kuznjecov. He had no contact with the soldiers buhis orders
Nothing
were carried through; the command, nf' the squadron.
I- h
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Ginea added that the Rumanian or perhaps the Soviet AA
opened fire on his plane about 50 kilometres from Turn Severin.
He was not quite sure 'whether there were Soviet soldiers in this
area but tie said that they are otherwise found everywhere. In
Konstanza they hold the airfield where the Rumanians have not the
right of approach.* ??They are sending us jet planes of the type
Yak- and Mig and train in- special ,schoo1.s only-pilotsr,who;have, been
checked up on. Although'Rumania, according to the Peace Treaty,
has no right to a military air force we were trained to mann
bombers" .
At ticks on the barracks and sabot-,
Then the resistance of the population in regard to
official policy was discussed. There is a great deal of passive
resistance by the population which one meets in every sphere,
But there are also many cases of active stZug?',le. Picurka told
the conferQnce that in the whole of Rumania exi-st partisan
units.
"On New Year's Eve somebody attacked the barracks of our
squadron with fire from automatic weapons. The guard was wounded.
Organs of the State Security Service attempted tr force this
soldier to confess that he wounded ~imself. This was necessary
to hush up the attack. However the attackadwere repeated for the
r xt two nip h.ts . But this is not all.
We learned a number of interesting; details concerning
sabotage in Rumania. In Midjidiji by Konstanza cement works
in Turvi two factories were destroyed by
"Ars" were burnt down
,
fire, a porcelain and a?glass factory. In January 1952 a large
modern hotel burnt down, for whose construction many millions were
s4oont. - This hotel was set on fire simultaneously on -three Hides".
We enquired about the fate of our oonpatriots, whD have been
evacuated from the border regions; We of another confirmation:
The Rumanian,-'authorities sent them to the waterless wastes of
Baragan.
After monetary reform al markets are empty
As an example of plunder of the people, the Rumanian pilots
told us how the monetary reform was carried out recently.
"The object of the reform was not only plunder of economy
as a whole, but also the plunder of every worker individually.
In January the workers received their wage's about the 20th -- in
the old currency. Three days prior to' this all shops and.restau-
rants were closed.- After the reform,,, which was exocuted -at a
very unfavourable rate, all the workers remained practically
without money. Then the workers 'deman.cled -pa-yment on account from
the February wage, They were.re'used. . This resulte.d',in a
strike of 8,000 workers in the oilfields 'in the Dioesti area.
The economic situation in the country-is worse than it was before
the reform, ..The present average wage of a N.umanian worker is
between 304-100 lei monthly. A meal at an ordinary restaurant
costs about 30 _lei. Old wages amounted on an average to 6,00 lei
Since the reform the'markets and the'?shops-are'practically empty.
Two weeks ago a peasant arrived at' the market' in Brasova. This
was quite an events A. great number of peoole:a ssembled around
him who wished to buy suckling pigs, but the poesant, afraid of
being arrested by the agents of the State Security Service fled
without selling them.
Foreign correspondents were particularly interested in the
fate of the former Finance Minister and I'.1ember of the CC of the
Rumanian Workers' Party, of whom it was a few days ago announced
that he AC oar el e29Ogk01 g giI43QP83-OD 15R91ti ?o12M04-0nember
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of the P arty since 1945 replied: "At party meetings we were
officially informed that Luka is not proficient. However,
amongst the members of the Party his dismissal is greatly commented
on,and the general opinion is that`Luka,has fallen into disfavour
because he- cherished sympath-les .for Yn oslav:ia and her attitude."
At the end of the conference, the e scapjd Rumanian airmen
declarod that they,:wished to speak publicly concerning; the situa
.tion in-Rumania.-in order that they might, contribute in unmasking
the .policy -of the Soviet Union towards Rumania,
(Sd.) Z.L.
(POLITI:KA 15th.March, 1952).
CPYRGHT
ROLE OF PE!,.SANT U`OitKING CO-OP_ISR. `.ItiES JSND THEIR PLACE IN THE
SOCI1LIST TFI OF 1~Gt~ICULrURJUTION
Executive cadres are's'till considering whether peasant. working
co-operatives, without regard for their economic and political
aims, if note "united" are on the "quickest'-.road to socialism,
This kind of - orientation is .hieing; enquired into in an attempt to
find out about the :il.le,,al increase of taxes (Vrgin Most) the
illegal centralisation of land'in collectives (uovacica) and
similar pmeasures in-mass peasant working co-operatives.. The
reflection of such orientation lies in admihistrative planning;
in order to create within afixed period a given number of
peasant working co-operatives. Thus the District Council of the
People's Front of Slavonski Pozej decided to create 15 new
peasant working, co-operatives Ghis s ;ring ('Glas Slavonije" 27th
January 1952).
inally, there are attempts along the same lines by' certain
dis:tric,t. leaders to "protect" passive peasant working co-operatives
which have no conditions for existence, from reorganisation, a.t
any price.
But ?fi hting against the naive co'mloreherision which resembles
the Stalinist policy of collectivisation,. we -,ouf;ht not to lose
sight of the opposite tendency to "devote every attention,now..to
the development of cornmunel,.._arr.ic.tialtUraal co-operatives" acid
"to leave until later peasant working co-operatives".:..-We should
be especially alert; with regard to the unfr'iendlyelements-which
still seek to instil the idea as a "significant factor" that only
co-opera-ti-ves of the general ty)e are "important'l now, and that
the '"state does not bother about" peasant co-operatives. And
the :Least relaxation of satchfullness with regard to this,
unfriendly propagarida can result in damage, to the.d: evelopment to
our co-operative system as a whole, and in partidular.to the
pea.sant workin>T. co:--operatives.
Peasant working, co-operatives are healthy and important
acquisitions of our revolutionary devel(.-,)ment which we will
never abandon.-- That is why it says in the Co--l-itutfon of the
CC -"CPY ""The strengthening and extension of collectivisation of
Oro.,)erty of various kinds into co-operatives of the greheral type
becones under `,.iven conditions the. basic method of, carrying
further' the sic'. list transformation of agriculture", ; Nor is this
the-.least irrporta
In order to hide the i it :nsive militar
a
r
t
h
y ,p
ep
ra
ions, . t
e new
Five-Year Plan is `not being announced even though, the, previous Five-.
Ye,r Plan was fulfilled as ea=rly, as 1950, : Soviet: bureaucracy is: ,
endeavouring to prevent the world public. from obtaining nny d?ta
which would manifest the aggressive preparations of the USSR.
But even with all of this data which:.obviously speaks of Soviet
aggressive preparation , Prinistcggr: of ' - Finance 'Svarev, together with
the govern mental paper:Izvest ice, -confirms that the Soviet Union "is
not endangering anyr country" and that it is "Ifighting for peace."
However, during the transpired years the wurld has learned that propa-
ganda phrases on Soviet (?peace lovirgness4' are used to hide aggressive
prepar=tions and actions of the Soviet Union. (sgd) D. Ka,
(POLITIKA - 16th learch, 1952),
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LETTERS TO TH EDITOR: SCHOOL AND EDUC,tTICN AL PrtC BLEMS IN OUR
D',,= PRESS
CPYRGHT
Our daily press gave and hives not a small space to
school and educational problems in general. This is also
one-of the convinving proofs of the sirn.ificance attached to
the problems of education and instruction of the youth in the
general problematics of the socialist buildin:i- up of our
country. But, in my opinion, it could not be said that the
daily press found the most adequate way of acquainting the
wide public with these problems: Even. if I would be exposed.
to admonishment for using sharp expressions I must emphasize
that in our daily press,here and there,these most complicated
and most delicate problematics are often vulgarized and that
is why in the pedagogical sense and otherwise, a contrary effect
is being reached,.. I am making use of the open column of your
newspaper "Letters to the Editor" to point out a few principles
which should not be neglected by anyone dealing with educational
problems in schools in the daily press, with the conviction
that by doing this I shall express the opinion of all educational
workers.
If an amalysis would be made of all that has been written
about. schools and educational problems in our daily press, one
could not avoid.-the conclusion that it, pointed more to that
what is'bed than to that what is'rood. ' positive property of
r),l.r press is. to ononly and. directly aim' its sharpness to all
that is .r-n`, came here to full expression. But if trtis can
adequately.a.ffect in other fields of our social life, it cannot
affect, in',the same way when it deals with the school and educational
ou:estions, Hence, I could completely understand the words of
an'., experienced and respected Belgrade professor, who, being
enthusiastically possessed with the wider};ess and frankness of
our, socialist democracy, said that "even in. the broadest democracy
there are .things which, however true, cannot be brought before the
wide public". This remark- can be accepted as absolutely
well-grounded when it deals with matters from the field of
educating and instructing the youth.
Because results of schools in educating and instructing;
pupils can not pars by its authority, and if it had not c.ot it,
I think I. 'would not-be rrong if I say that it.. shruldlbe .ari-
fibially ci,iltivated,...f or'.the sake of school and not for the
sensibility of professors and instructors who work in it but
for the sake of youth which they bring up and educate. Every
dull disclosure of its weak points and deficiencies affect
harmfully the poor pupil diffuses him in the process of
learning, in executing his duties. in general and encourages
his inclination to seek causes for his insufficient endeavours
and his bad behaviour beyond himself. At the same time, it
affects pedagogically insufficiently instructed parents., who
are often not able to'see the interests of their children and
.wha. are often inclined to be unjustifiably on the side of their
children against the school. Therefore', when we speak before
the wide public about th,e school end educational problems, it
is not only the truth that comes in the first place, but its
educational effect on the pupil and. the parent.
The truth about our school is not such that we have
artificial~.y to support its authority. Though it sprang from
the aftermath. of war and-through no small difficulties of its
revolutionary conversion, in which the majority of the professors
unselfishly contributed. However, the daily press does not suffi-
ciently make use of the positive results of schools, for the
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purpose to strengthen its well' earned reputation. As if
we were not. enough touht by the Third Plenum of CC CPY,
which was erithousiastitally-met by the educational cadres,
bece.use,beside other things, it has recognized the efforts
and the achieved successes.
It must be emphasized that the truth is-often.one-
sidedly conceived that the school and. the rrofes'sor solve
all educational questions, and' that is .:why . the forces which
are still. acting against their efforts are heinq. forotten.
. It. is quite onou-h to read' the obscure poetry. of a certain
"monk, Teodosij?e" which was given to. pupils of preparatory
schools on St. Sava this year to recite it in, church, and
to see who and..-in which way carries: out the opposition-
against the educational, efforts of the school.. We are somehow
more inclined to object to, a part .:of the school youth for
being under..the influence of various destructive forces. .11
If the dailypwet(ld direct its critisism towards that point,
towards various sources of bourgeois conceptions and.habits,
towards bad films, bad literature, indecent performances,
dancings and similar, then the school and the .professor
would have; ,the ;,hest support.
There is a certain tendency to write more Grout the bad
features of the youth than ab:Dut the good ones. Little is
written in our daily' press about 'the positive pro:perti,es
of our youth and about good examples, little is heard about
.a word which encourages incites and exites. That the-rood
example and:a nice i-vord is"more useful in education than.
the neg,.tion and setting out bad examples - we learn?about
this in . every.; pedagogy.
All this. does not mean that every criticism of weak
points and deficienci:es in the tuition, and, education, as, well
as bad: m nifegta tioii's amon' the school children s'h'ould be
completely excluded. But' it shou'd.alwSys he. carefully
directed and' ,pec'a'cPi.cally `explained; Nevertheless -. a: more
..`sharp -).nd.open criticism, should' first.'of ..ll.be..developed
in the press dealing :With 'peds o 'y.
Belgrade,. 15.March, 1952
(Sd;) Mirko I aprenica, .pr. o.fessor
(BORBA 16 March, 1952)
THE SWISSP;INI`-TDR i KL q i GIFT' TC-: Ti UKIV __TY LI! :RY
The Swiss" iniste,.r E'xtraordinar,T and..nlenirotcntiary
in Yugoslavia, Mr. Robert Kohli, ye,sterd'aT,- presented the
University library in ;_)elgrade with a gift of books. On
this occasion Mr. Kohli declared that he was very happy to
present the University library with books on various aspects
of science amongst which was a work by the Zagreb professor
Vala Vouk, published in Basle.
At the sale time Mr. Kohli presented to a representa-
tive of the Association of Serbian writers a number of books
by Swiss writers,
(BORBA - 18 March, 1952)
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T.x".TTT P..FRM i LONDON EPILOGUE TO THE RECENT. CLASHES WITHIN THE
(London, 17th March)
CPYRGHT
A few days ago, after a 3-hour meeting, the Executive
Committee of the Labour Party,which was called at the demand of
Beyan, Mikatdo .Jryberg and Barbara Castle, made a statement. Two
moments in this statement attract atte It first, that the
Committee at this meeting discussed the/'vents in Parliament and
that it approved the attitude taken at the last meetinL, of
parliamentary group of the Labour Party; secondl ';-the censure of
the left, elthou,h very careful and mild. It refers in fact to
an a`rticT Oubl shed li 'tely in ,eyrioldsNews , in which Dryberg
attempts to throw re s-,)onsibility for the cnnflict in the Labour
Party ranks u don the-leadership, by affirming, ul,ct by "the official
amendments- of the opposition, which su ).port in principle Churchill's
White Bock` of defence has violated the corn.iromise reached ' at the
Labour Party conference held in Scarborough last October".'
t raeetin f the, Executive ~.om ttee t e Secretar~r-
Gene ra l b 'e b? 1rt''' t ~ i`I . /.u s eTv~os~' anion
d the
k
e
leaders, whc are members of the Executive sharply attac
left, demanding; most stringent ,.,eg su'es e But this attitude was met
with decisive anti ;onism, so that their , resolution was refuted,.
The leade"r of the Party, Clement Attlee, took part several times
in the. discussion. In the statement about the final.voting which
was ~ubl Lshed after the meetinF_ it is said that with Bevan,
Mikardo,Dryberg and Barbara Castle voted also the co-operative
Joseph Reeves, Three members of the Labour Executive abstained
from voting while the majority had 18 votes.
In this manner the latest dispute between the ri8ht and left
ot.its epilogue.
After the Com 2romi.se
About who "won" the opinions are divided and vary greatly
and are often contradictory, Arguments are found zor those who
-think that Attlee or Bevan won and also for the opinion of those
who think that both the fractions lost something. But regardless
of this one should emphasise several facts.
In the first place, the Zrcet ma7nrity of the Labour MPs,
both right and left has shown a great deal. of intr:rest that this
dispute should be settled in some way and to &vv.,.J at any ?rice a
split, In this line the centre showed particular activity.
There were 3 ways to solve the crisis: exclusion of the
left, a formal warnin;; to the left, and, finally, the mildest way,
that both the ri, ht and the left should be treated equally, namely
that neither s ~uld no censured but that the tendency should be
to secure exclusively in the future a united front of the
Labourites in P:?riiament. It is characteristic to note that the
majority of Labour MPs chose this way which in no way reflects on
the reputation of the left,but in the limits oof obligations of the
i
ti
c
on
whole parliamentary group imposes upon it a clear restr
tur
f
th
i
u
e
e -
n
Finally, the foot cannot be neu;lected that the left appeared
this time more powerful-a de dec s've;thever before, with
clearly formulated views i: .. n that its exposure
has not remained within the walls of the House of Commons,
but has moved the Brr-ti_syr public pond found a fairly lively
support of a great part of the Labour membership any: some Trade
Unions.
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But particularly in. regard-t6 this a curious event happened
immediately-after the conclusion of the meeting of the Labour
Executive. .,,The new official paper of the National .Union of
Railwaymen a ,reared, which in numbers ranks fifth amongst the unions
in the British Trade Union movement. One can see from the paper
that this greatest union of British 'railwaymen gives fu,11 support
to the Labour left. The editors; also; pose a question which has CPYRGHT
no precedent in this country. Namely, after ostablishinL that the
National Union of Railwaymen has su,D-Dorted a fairly lar?,e number of
Labour MPs who are now sitting in the House of Commons and after
e.s?tablishin~ also that of all these MPs only one voted with ,the
left, the question was posed to whom ere-members primarily responsible,
to those who elect them for parliament,' or. to -",,,-leadership of the
Labour Party, whose policy is aI:Ysinst the wishes of ,the.se voters?
The paper of the National Union of Railwaymen continues to emphasise
that the. MPs should not always consult organisations which support
them, but in such vital problems, when the opinions of the organi-
sation are so clearly exposed, justificatihn ' for such ques-
tions exists and the National Union of Railwaymen appeals to ,its,,
members, M to e x-pose their o jinions.
What a.re the prospects
A ? compromise. between the 'left and the rik.ht has been reached.
United, they are beginning-; to attack the budget of, the Conservative
Government, which gives them a- greet deal of eminence in'the' first
place the abolition of. subsidies for food and a new.,'scale of-taxa-
tion on income - for 'their... full co-operation. But besides all
.this it is clear to everybody that very little has been, done in
solving the problem in its essence.
One of the .)roblems w-'rich might result in lively discussion in
the nearest future is-the passing of parliamentary rules of Labour
MPs, The majority-of them, without any doubt,'will strive to
bind the left as much as. possible with these rules, in order to
.restrict. to the greatest measure possible independent manifestations
and to throw the responsibility fQr an eventual 'future dispute and
split automatically on it. It is natural that the Left will
attempt to make'a breach in the rules, in order-to have-more'legal
possibilities to rive vent to its feelings. So, for example,
todayt-s Spectator already points out that. the late'st.speculation
of the Labour parliamentary group permits deviation from the carry-
ing out of decisionsof the parliamentary Toup because it makes
.exceptions ibfcases where. it is the question of ,traditional'
stipulations/ consciencett. In this way the members of the left
would have a formal possibility to abstain.from voting in spite of
the decision of the majority of the .oarl'iamentary group and .in this
way manifest their feelings, numbers, etc, . It is Dresumed that.
the work of the new Labour parliamentary rules will be ended by
26th March when the next meeting; of. the Executive of the Labour
Party will meet,,
,Demanding that the Labour parliamentary group should not only
be 'a. voting machine which supports by numbers the decisions of the
party leadership, the left, it..segms, is striving fcjr the creation
of separate groups - foreign policy, financial, groups for national-
ised industry; etco. in which the whole parliamentary Labour fraction
might be activated to the greatest extent, In all these groups the
left would be represented and it is absolutely'clear that in this
way it would obtain new possibilities for the further. . spreading' of
its opinions and attitudes in the whole Labour parliamentary
fraction
The left expresses very often the, desire.? to form an
efficient socialist opposition from the parliamentary Labour,
fraction which has aceased to be in poweta, From these positions
the Left will no doubt continue pressure upon the majority and the
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- ZG CPYRGHT
latest events; represent only, -a stage on this Pc.3d - a road. on which
both sides observe each other in a-vi ilant way, make use of every
and the smallest possibility for increasing their influence and to
discredit the opponE!nt,.; This makes .the struggle still more diffi-
cult and complicated .and in,a certain sense still more doubtful.
(3d.) DUSAN POPOVIC
(B0RtA:-- 18th "^ - h, 1952).
LETZ'E FROIi TRIESTE: ANOTHER STOt~iV ABOUT TRIESTE
The democratically -inspired poulation of Trieste and its
surroundings has unanimously:and molt sincerely greeted 1iershal
Tito's statement in regard to the Trieste problem in the framework
of the peace-treaty. with"Italy. Goodwill and extreme concessions
of the Yugoslav Government in. order that this problem might be
solved in a' sensible and mutual way between two neighbouring states
seems that it has not found this time also the necessary under-
standing of the Italian Government.
While the Yugoslav Government has always a definite opinion,
that, this problem must not be solved to the detriment of the.
interests of Trieste Yu!_oslavs, and outside the limits of the
Peace Treaty, the attitude of the Italian Government moved so far
away from this point of view, that because of that all attempts
so far for direct agreement could not unfortunately be positive.
Italy refers permanently to the Tri,.4Fa:rtite declaration of
1948 , according to which the whole FTT should be included in
Italy. It is interesting, however, that in Italy exist objec-
tive circles who perceive that the Tri-Partite declaration has
beer.L buried a long time ago - who demand that-matters should not
be precipitated, that the. new Belgrade proposals have great value
in spite of everything., 'although. it excludes the. possibility of
the solution which satisfies fully the `CtaLi:ans.
However, the la test proposal of, the. PPRY Government is
e7pa;r? ; .al-taTy.b.a.sed on the' Peace Trey t`y, :it is complete. and in
harmony w1th- the' well-known princi),les of Yugoslav foreign, poli.cy..
Its objective: is that .both. the states without interference of
third parties should, give. to' the de 'ined TriesL,1 territory as
stabile and..firm position a;s possible
The :rent, majority . of the Trieste ~oopuIa Lion does not agree
with the repudiation of the Yugoslav proposal by `the Rome.Govern
ment .. , .. , . On its side' are completely only ,Cominformists .
united with tie Irrederiti.st and. Fascist remnants'. They wish that
the Trieste problem should be solved without Yu. oslavia and
against Yu: oslav:La. But the majority of the Trieste po,)ulation is
still convinced that Italy will one day realise the utility of
the Yugoslav Government!s proposal. 'Th'is would result in a
solution of the Trieste problem in the framework of the e xisting
Peace Treaty., and this agreement, would ?eflect favourably onthe
economic behaviour where Italy and Yuslavia a week. They will pass
four Joys in Belgra,?e and then they will visit )n.e of the Pe )ple's
Lerublics.
(BORB.'. - 19th IvTo~rch, 1952)
IVO VEJVOUA oPPOlETIJD YUGO,GL.,V d'~,B,1>S IJ)OR lI`d BHIAIZIL
By a decree )f the Freesiddlium Df the Fe )plo? s Assembly of the
FFRY, from 18 1'Iorch 1952 the Assistant ITiniste.r of 1i Dr oig,n Affairs
Iv-) Ve jv:u? a is app.)inted Yug:,:uslro.v ~.mbzss Oar _,xtroerdin: ry and
Plenipotentiary in Brazil.
(BORB.', - 19th FrTorch, 1952)
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