THE EXPANDED NEWSPAPER CENTER

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 60
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: September 2, 2010
• Sequence Number: 2
• Publication Date: December 1, 1980
• Content Type: MISC

saw
A111~! -*- 11!111
Or- E W6
J,
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
chairman's corner A N PA
Concept of Newspaper Center
is made a reality by new wing
This year, with the completion of our new technical research
and training facility and the consolidation of the entire ANPA staff
under one roof in Reston, Va., ANPA headquarters is truly taking
on the look of a "Newspaper Center."
With the arrival of the Institute of News-
paper Controllers and Finance Officers in
September, the number of newspaper or-
ganizations now housed at The News-
paper Center has grown to 11. And more
may come!
Other organizations located at the Cen-
ter are the American Society of News-
paper Editors, the International
Newspaper Promotion Association, the In-
ternational Circulation Managers Associa-
tion, the Newspaper Personnel Relations
Association, the Society of Newspaper De-
sign, the World Press Freedom Committee and our close asso-
ciate, the Japan Newspaper Publishers and Editors Association.
So in addition to the services of ANPA, its Foundation and
Credit Bureau, we now have organizations dedicated to the spe-
cific interest of newspaper editing, promotion, distribution, design,
personnel relations and financial matters all located on the same
premises.
Their expertise and assistance within the Center, if not just a
few steps apart, are, at most, only an inter-office phone call away.
And our staff works closely with the American Press Institute
located next door.
We have commented often on the benefits derived in the co-
location of organizations and departments-not only in regard to
the spirit of cooperation it engenders among individual agencies,
but also in enhancing the abilities of each organization to do a
better job in serving its members, and, in turn, the entire news-
paper business.
In addition, the many ANPA resources, including its 5,000-
volume library, its voluminous central files, as well as departmen-
tal files and expertise, are immediately available to all depart-
ments and organizations housed in the Center.
The ANPA staff at Reston has long enjoyed the cooperation of
the other groups located there. We have been involved in joint
training endeavors, workshops, seminars, program planning, as
well as in addressing various aspects of the newspaper business
contingent to all of our interests. We have cosponsored confer-
ences and seminars with ICMA, INPA, ASNE, NPRA, INCFO and
others. Experience has taught us the undeniable benefits to be
gained by co-location and cooperation of individual newspaper
organizations. It increases our effectiveness in serving our
memberships, the newspaper business and the public.
The concept of The Newspaper Center, which we have long
championed, is now a reality.
William C. Marcil
Chairman and President
Officers
Chairman and President, William C. Marcil, The Forum, Fargo, N.D.
Vice Chairman, Richard J.V. Johnson, Houston Chronicle
Secretary, Robert G. Marbut, Harte-Hanks Communications Inc., San Antonio
Treasurer, Alvah H. Chapman Jr., Knight-Ridder Newspapers Inc., Miami
Chairman of Executive Committee, Katharine Graham, The Washington Post Co.
Directors
Garner Anthony, Cox Enterprises Inc., Atlanta
Frank A. Bennack Jr., The Hearst Corp., New York
Helen K. Copley, The Copley Press Inc., La Jolla, Calif.
William H. Cowles 3rd, The Spokesman-Review and Spokane (Wash.) Chronicle
Robert F. Erburu, The Times Mirror Co., Los Angeles
Edward W. Estlow, Scripps-Howard, Cincinnati
Jacques-G. Francoeur, UniMedia Inc., Montreal
Edwin L. Heminger, The Courier, Findlay, Ohio
John B. Lake, Times Publishing Co., St. Petersburg, Fla.
K. Prescott Low, The Patriot Ledger, Quincy, Mass.
Charles M. Meredith III, The Free Press, Quakertown, Pa.
Donald E. Newhouse, The Star-Ledger, Newark, N.J.
Warren H. Phillips, The Wall Street Journal, New York
Lloyd G. Schermer, Lee Enterprises Inc., Davenport, Iowa
Donald N. Soldwedel, The Yuma (Ariz.) Daily Sun
Arthur Ochs Sulzberger, The New York Times Co.
George W. Wilson, Concord (N.H.) Monitor
AN PA Executive Offices [phone]
The Newspaper Center, 11600 Sunrise Valley Drive, Reston, Va.
Mail address: Box 17407, Dulles International Airport, Washington, D.C. 20041
Executive Vice President and General Manager, Jerry W. Friedheim
Senior Vice President and Deputy General Manager, Thomas C. Fichter
Vice President/Human Resources, Roy W. Anderson
Vice President/Industry and Public Affairs, Robert L. Burke
Vice President/preastime Editor, James E. Donahue
Vice President and Director/ANPA Foundation, Judith D. Hines
Vice President/General Counsel, W. Terry Maguire
Vice President/Technical, William D. Rinehart
Director/Technical Research, George Cashau
Director/Telecommunications Affairs, Kathleen Criner
Director/Membership Development, Mark Daly
Director/Technical Services, Peter P. Romano
Manager/Board of Directors Office, Bruce N. Bant
Manager/Accounting, Glenn R. Beales
Manager/Technical Training, Arthur M. Boudreau
Manager/Government Affairs, Martin Casey
Manager/Labor Relations, Charles Cole
Manager/Membership Services, Michael Genick
Research Manager/Computer Applications, John W. lobst
Manager/Information Services, John O. Newman
Manager/Training Services, Stephen E. Palmedo
Manager/Newsprint and Traffic, Joseph F. Prendergast Jr.
Manager/Personnel Relations, Patricia P. Renfroe
Manager/Public Affairs, William Schabacker
Manager/Education Services, ANPA Foundation, Linda B. Skover
Business Manager, Anthony G. Tesoriero
Research Manager/Engineering, Frederick L. Warner
presstime?
Presstime magazine (ISSN 0194-3243) is published monthly by the American
Newspaper Publishers Association, 11600 Sunrise Valley Drive, Reston, Va. 22091.
Basic subscription rate of $50 a year is included in members' dues. Non-member
rate is $100 domestic, additional overseas. Second-class postage paid at Reston,
Va., and additional mailing offices. Copyright 1983 by ANPA. All rights reserved.
Unsolicited articles and photos should be sent to the presstime editor. POSTMAS-
TER: Send address changes to presstime, ANPA, Box 17407, Dulles International
Airport, Washington, D.C. 20041.
presetime Advisory Committee
Frank A. Bennack Jr., The Hearst Corp., New York, Chairman
Lloyd Ballhagen, Harris Enterprises, Hutchinson, Kan., Vice Chairman
Christy C. Bulkeley, The Commercial-News, Danville, III.
Tom J. Hardin, Alexandria (La.) Daily Town Talk
George P. Kennedy, University of Missouri School of Journalism
David Laventhol, Newsday, Long Island, N.Y.
Thomas F. Matthews, Tracy (Calif.) Press Inc.
Carol Sutton, The Courier-Journal and The Louisville (Ky.) Times
Publisher: Jerry W. Friedheim Staff Writer: C. David Rambo
Editor: James E. Donahue Staff Writer: Marcia Fram
Managing Editor: Maurice Fliess Technical Writer: Paul Kruglinski
Asst. Managing Editor: Neil D. Swan Art Director: Shirley Schainblatt
Labor Writer: Clark Newsom Editorial Assistant: Carmen C. Clark
Staff Writer: Margaret Genovese
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
index
presstime
NEW ADDITION, p. 4
(Cover photograph by Margaret Genovese.)
ADMINISTRATIVE OFB7--
SUITE 100
Volume 5, Number 12
special report 4
It's open and operating! The $6-million addition
to ANPA headquarters means all the Associa-
tion's functions are under one roof at The News-
paper Center. The new wing houses technical
research and training activities and more.
world press 12
A spirit of compromise characterizes communi-
cations debate at the UNESCO General Confer-
ence.
legislation 15
Congress freezes U.S. funding for some UN
agencies, including UNESCO.
courts 16
ANPA files amicus briefs with the U.S. Supreme
Court in liquor advertising and libel cases.
postal affairs 19
Proposed postal rate increases would have a
big impact on small dailies and weeklies.
regulations 20
OSHA issues new rules requiring hazardous
substances in the work place to be labeled.
state and local
21
Newspapers in Los Angeles consider a court
challenge to a newly enacted city media tax.
telecommunications 22
Knight-Ridder Newspapers' Viewtron begins
lighting up TV screens in South Florida.
news-editorial 25
In the aftermath of Grenada invasion, press
assesses public's reaction to coverage ban.
essay 30
Jerry W. Friedheim calls for a "restoration of
reason" following the "news blockade."
profile 32
Washington publisher John M. McClelland Jr.
stresses editorial excellence, wins success.
December 1983
education 33
USA Today's new NIE program appears to
complement, not vie with, existing programs.
advertising
36
Audit Bureau of Circulations hears newspaper
publishers' criticisms.
circulation 39
Newspapers with independent carriers may
have new IRS reporting obligations.
employee relations 40
They may not be able to cure high health-care
costs, but newspapers can lessen the pain.
technology
46
Trend to flexography continues as more news-
papers plan to try flexographic units.
newsprint 50
Unions approve Jabor contracts at three U.S.
newsprint mills.
newspaper business 52
Why the Justice Department tried to broker the
sale of the St. Louis Globe-Democrat.
Also in this issue
news research 29
`Shoe' 53
exchange 57
ANPA news 58
books 58
letters 58
speeches inside
back cover
ANPA calendar back cover
presstime December 1983 3
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
special report
The $6-million addition to The News-
paper Center is up. The presses and other
equipment are in. The people are moved.
And for the first time since the turn of the
century, the ANPA staff is housed under
one roof.
It's the realization of a dream that many
ANPA officials and newspaper publishers
have been dreaming since the Association
staff moved out of rented space in New
York City 11 years ago and relocated in its
own building in Reston, Va., about 20
miles west of downtown Washington, D.C.
"The consolidation of ANPA staff and
services under one roof has many advan-
tages-improved staff coordination, better
resource management and a quicker re-
sponse time to our members," says Jerry
W. Friedheim, executive vice president
and general manager. "This new facility
and equipment will allow the ANPA staff
team to do even better what it already
does well."
The addition is occupied primarily by the
Association's technical staff, which was
formerly located in Easton, Pa. Also in the
new wing are two related departments-
Telecommunications Affairs and News-
print and Traffic-and several others that
moved from the older part of the Center.
That original building had become in-
creasingly crowded in recent years, and
the addition-which boosts floor space
from 33,000 to 90,000 square feet-pro-
vides elbow room not only for ANPA but
also for ANPA Foundation, ANPA/Credit
Bureau Inc. and eight other newspaper-
business organizations housed within the
Center.
ANPA Chairman and President William
C. Marcil, president and publisher of The
Forum in Fargo, N.D., believes the accom-
modation of the other organizations' head-
quarters needs is a major advantage of the
expanded center. "Not only will the new
facility help us to better serve our mem-
bers," he says, "it also will enhance our
ability to improve and increase cooper-
ation and communication among associa-
tions throughout the newspaper business."
The two-story, brick-and-glass addition
is an architectual companion to the original
Newspaper Center building to which it is
attached. Both structures were designed
and built by Wigton-Abbott Corp. of Plain-
field, N.J.
4
Complete,
By Paul Kruglinski
presstime technical writer
The combined structure, which now
houses about 160 ANPA employees and
about 40 from the other associations, is
nestled among the tall maple, oak and tulip
poplar trees of Reston, a nearly-40,000-
population "new town" that is springing up
in the gentle hills of Northern Virginia.
The addition was financed through a
special assessment on members of one
year's dues, payable over three years.
While some assessment payments con-
tinue to be paid, the building has been
completed without the need to borrow any
funds.
ANPA Director Katharine Graham, who
was the Association's chairman and presi-
dent when the membership approved the
assessment at the 1981 ANPA Convention
in Chicago, calls the new facility "a fine
tribute to the members of an active associ-
ation in an active business." The chairman
of The Washington Post Co. also says "it is
a fine tribute to the late Len Small, who
worked so tirelessly to get the project start-
ed." Illinois newspaperman Small was vice
chairman of ANPA and one of the chief
advocates of building the addition prior to
his death in an automobile accident in the
spring of 1980.
Day to day construction by Wigton-Ab-
bott was overseen by Thomas C. Fichter,
ANPA senior vice president and deputy
general manager, and the building was
actually completed in June.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
special report
After 72 years of separation,
the Association's sundry parts
come together in Virginia.
However, installation of equipment-in-
cluding new donations valued at more than
the $6-million cost of the building (see
story, p. 11)-was finished just before
Thanksgiving; dedicatory ceremonies will
take place Dec. 7 in conjunction with a
meeting of the ANPA Board of Directors.
The need for a consolidated operation-
in its own quarters rather than in scattered,
leased buildings-was seen by ANPA
board members many years ago. In 1970,
when the decision was made to construct
the original Reston building, the thinking
included eventual plans to consolidate the
organization in expanded quarters.
Like many national trade associations
over the past decade, ANPA has experi-
enced a substantial increase in functions
and a corresponding increase in personnel
to carry them out. This contributed to the
decision to build the addition to the Reston
facility.
In addition to the technical staff and the
Telecommunications Affairs and News-
print and Traffic departments, the new
structure houses ANPA's Training Serv-
ices Department, Industry and Public Af-
fairs Department, Foundation and
personnel office. The Society of News-
paper Design also is located there.
The new structure provides four confer-
ence rooms equipped with audio/visual
aids, chalkboards and other features de-
signed for use in seminars, workshops and
meetings for visiting newspaper exec-
utives. There are also a kitchen, lunch
room and outdoor patio area for dining.
The expansion enabled virtually every
ANPA department occupying the older
building to gain badly needed space. This
also was true for many other Newspaper
Center occupants: the Credit Bureau, the
American Society of Newspaper Editors,
the International Circulation Managers As-
sociation, the International Newspaper
Promotion Association, the Japan News-
paper Publishers Association, the News-
paper Personnel Relations Association
and the World Press Freedom Committee.
It also allowed the Institute of Newspaper
Controllers and Finance Officers to move
its headquarters to The Newspaper Cen-
ter.
Should future growth of ANPA and other
newspaper associations dictate greater
space requirements, two more stories can
be erected atop the addition, or the exist-
ing patio area could be converted into of-
fice space.
While it's obvious that all of the ANPA
staff as well as those of the other news-
paper associations located at the Center
have been helped by the addition, the As-
sociation's technical departments are the
primary beneficiaries.
The technical staff has largely remained
intact. Only 22 of the 50 people working at
the Research Institute in Easton decided
not to move to Reston, and most of them
were clerical workers.
Those who did move, and the people
hired to replace those who didn't, occupy
one and a half times as much space as the
Research Institute had in its outmoded
quarters in Easton.
"The new laboratory and the state-of-
the-art equipment housed in it will enable
ANPA to develop more important techno-
logical breakthroughs in the future," says
William D. Rinehart, vice president/techni-
cal. "Those future developments will allow
the newspaper business to continue to be
a competitive medium."
With the relocation to Reston, the tech-
nical departments of ANPA have been re-
named. What was the Production
A priority in the design of the addition (left
half of picture) was to keep the architecture
consistent with the original building.
presstime December 1983 5
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
SECOND FLOOR
0 M.A.N.-ROLAND PRESSROOM
? TELECOMMUNICATIONS DEMO ROOM
19 H.C.M. CONFERENCE ROOM
13 ELECTRONIC LAB
* OFFICES
FIRST FLOOR
O PRESSROOM
PAPER STORAGE
? PLATEMAKING
13 PHOTO LAB
0 TRAINING
* OFFICES
CONFERENCE ROOM
PAPER TESTING I@
Floor plan shows the location of the major technical facilities within the two-story addition to The Newspaper Center.
Department is now Technical Services; the
Research Center is now Technical Re-
search.
Technical Services. The Technical
Services Department occupies much of
the second floor and part of the first floor of
the addition.
According to the department's director,
Peter P. Romano, Technical Services is
now geared up to carry out four primary
functions:
? Providing Technical Advisory Serv-
ice-or TAS-in-plant consultation to
newspapers to assist them in such areas
as plant design, quality control, preventive
maintenance and new equipment installa-
tion.
? Developing and conducting "hands-
on" training programs at The Newspaper
Center that address problems encoun-
tered by newspaper workers in grappling
with new technology, and that give man-
agement personnel a technological
perspective of the newspaper business.
? Managing the annual ANPA Opera-
tions Management Conference & Exposi-
tion.
? Gathering technical information that
is disseminated through presstime and
in special publications of the Association.
The TAS group was one of the least
affected by the move; all eight members
relocated to The Newspaper Center.
"The minute we moved in here," Ro-
mano says, "we were doing TASs."
Originally begun in 1964, the service
has tailored its assistance to meet the
existing and future needs of members as
technology has progressed.
Initially, the staff concentrated on help-
ing newspapers make the transition to off-
set printing and photocomposition. As
front-end systems evolved, the service of-
fered training in that area. Currently, it is
giving an increasing amount of assistance
on matters that pertain to employees'
relationship to their work place-so-called
"ergonomic" concerns.
Plant design assistance has been an
ongoing TAS service since its inception,
and the construction of the addition at Res-
ton has given ANPA engineers some addi-
tional insights into the nuances of building
projects.
In addition, "The move provides an op-
portunity to centralize repetitive proce-
dures," says Romano. "There is an instant
sense of communications with all the re-
sources of ANPA. Now there's one place
for the membership to look for help." Under
the previcus, split arrangement, Romano
adds, members "only got half the picture"
at a time.
Like that of the Technical Advisory Serv-
ice, the staff that oversees technical train-
ing was kept intact during the move to
Reston.
However, the hands-on seminar pro-
gram was disrupted somewhat because of
the lag in getting all the necessary equip-
ment up and running, says Arthur M. Bou-
dreau, manager/technical training. He is
confident the program will be running at
100 percent of capacity by Jan. 1.
The training program is poised to gain
the most from the move to The Newspaper
Center. While a Cottrell V-15 web offset
press and some hot-metal equipment were
left behind in Easton, a Goss Urbanite
press, used primarily for training, and a
great deal of other equipment were
shipped. The other equipment includes a
letterpress press line containing one Hoe
Printmaster unit, one Goss Universal unit
and the original ANPAPRESSTM unit.
Moreover, in conjunction with the open-
ing of the new addition, ANPA acquired an,
abundance of new equipment donated by
manufacturers-including a double-width
M.A.N.-Roland Uniman 4/2 offset press
and a Hell color scanner. Boudreau says
that because of the new equipment, a
number of metropolitan dailies have in-
quired about ANPA's technical training
programs, especially the new ones made
possible by the double-width offset press
and related equipment. And the Uniman
has prompted more interest in high-speed,
four-plate-wide press operations.
The press is located in a two-story
pressroom in the new wing. In an adjacent
room are the two older, single-width
presses that were shipped from Easton.
The combination of these three presses
gives the program the flexibility to address
the needs of large, medium and small
newspapers, Boudreau says.
Because the hallmark of the ANPA-de-
veloped training program is its hands-on
dimension, which allows both craftsmen
and executives the opportunity to use the
equipment in a production setting, partici-
pants can get a "feel" for the work instead
of just bland theory, he notes.
"They've got everything at their finger-
tips here," he says, referring particularly to
executive-level personnel.
Although ANPA has been conducting
seminars in color separation using a Ber-
key direct-screen color separation camera,
the Hell scanner will allow the devel-
opment of advanced color, quality-control
procedures.
Except for the increased color flexibility,
the program-at least at the outset-will
be run essentially as it was in Easton.
Boudreau says the training and seminar
program will expand as vendors donate or
GOSS CONFERENCE ROOM U
ROCKWELL INTERNATIONAL J
COMPUTER ROOM
OFFICES
MACHINE SHOP 10
MECHANICAL ROOM 0
INK MIXING 13
INK MAKING
GEORGE HALL LIBRARY & 11
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
special report
loan other equipment to ANPA. "The ex-
panded facility and equipment will allow
greater flexibility," he says.
In addition to offering the Technical Ad-
visory Service, conducting hands-on train-
ing, overseeing the annual ANPA trade
show and disseminating information in
publications, the Technical Services De-
partment is a busy one in day-to-day serv-
ice to member newspapers.
"The first priority is telephone requests
for assistance by members in trouble," he
emphasizes, adding that the number of
such requests has picked up since the
move.
In addition to the growing number of
calls, Romano says his department since
the move has had an increasing number of
visitors-from as far away as Algeria, Ja-
pan and South Africa. Undoubtedly, the
location of The Newspaper Center-seven
miles from Dulles International Airport and
about a half-hour's drive from Washington
National Airport-is a factor.
Technical Research. The second ma-
jor technical area of the Association, the
Technical Research Department, is
housed mainly on the lower level of the
addition.
While some Technical Research goals
remain essentially the same since the
days of the pioneering ANPA Mechanical
Department (see story, p. 10), the scope of
the research and the
breadth of the depart-
ment's responsibilities
to the newspaper busi-
ness have expanded
considerably, according
to the department's di-
rector George Cashau.
As new technologies
have come on line, the
department has grown
to meet the new chal-
lenges.
Cashau says the ad-
vantages gained in in-
creased space and
better working condi-
tions in Reston have
more than outweighed
some losses in person-
nel, particularly in com-
puter research. Addi-
tionally, the proximity of
Reston to such valuable
resources as the Library of Congress, the
National Bureau of Standards and the Na-
val Research Laboratory provide chemists
and other ANPA technicians with in-
creased research sources.
Cashau also observes that the Wash-
ington area offers a larger and more tech-
nically qualified labor pool from which
ANPA can draw personnel.
Over the years, ANPA research engi-
neers have gained a worldwide reputation
for developing the new technology that has
advanced the newspaper business. In re-
cent years ANPA has played a major role
in the introduction of newspaper offset
printing, electronic editing systems, plastic
plates, new press designs and kenaf, a
pulp substitute in the manufacture of
newsprint. Vice President/Technical Rine-
hart notes that every conceivable piece of
equipment used in the newspaper busi-
ness has been either developed or tested
in ANPA laboratories or examined by
ANPA technicians in the field.
Five of the department's seven sec-
tions-research engineering, development
engineering, newsprint, photography and
chemistry-have been assisting the busi-
ness since ANPA began looking at the
production side of newspapering nearly six
decades ago; the computer research sec-
tion was established in the mid-1960s and
the environmental section in 1972.
The new wing affords the engineering
staff more room for mechanical drawing
boards and technical documents.
Another benefit is the expanded ma-
chine shop. The shop acquired a new
Bridgeport milling machine and a YAM
lathe, which is capable of handling the
Uniman's longer shafts.
With the additional equipment, the shop
will have three lathes, two milling ma-
chines, a surface grinder, a band saw, four
drill presses, two grinders, a complete
welding shop, various sheet-metal equip-
ment and an arbor press-or enough
equipment "to do just about anything,"
Cashau says.
The machine shop was instrumental in
building ANPAPRESS, the technological
feather in the section's cap. That printing
press made of aluminum, plastic and steel
was developed in the mid-1970s and just
now is finding its way into newspaper press-
rooms [presstime, July 1983, p. 58].
The development engineering section
picks up where research engineering
leaves off-furthering ANPA-developed
technology. It brings newspaper technical
problems into the laboratory.
The engineers "visit newspapers to get
ideas on production problems for input to
the ANPA Research and Production Com-
mittee," explains Cashau.
An intimate relationship exists between
the development engineering section and
pressrooms of member newspapers.
That's because new
production devices de-
veloped in ANPA labor-
atories must be field-
tested on long test runs
before being introduced
industry-wide.
The development en-
gineering section's pri-
mary tool is the press
line consisting of the
Hoe and Goss letter-
press units, plus the
ANPAPRESS with its
anilox keyless inking
system.
The ANPAPRESS unit
is now being used to test
water-based inks, and
the Hoe unit is being
used to test photopo-
lymer plates and
ANPAINKTM, a non-pe-
troleum-based ink.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
special report
Because ANPA has never had a double-
width offset press, acquisition of the Uni-
man press will allow research into one-
piece blankets, plate wear and toning
problems and anything that involves high
press speeds, according to Cashau.
"The press opens up a lot of avenues of
research," he says, adding that it also will
be instrumental in developing new quality
standards, particularly for color printing.
For the newsprint section, the new build-
ing means a more modern setting for its
testing of newsprint.
The ANPA Newsprint Quality Program
monitors the quality of newsprint produced
in the United States, Canada and Scandi-
navia based on samples supplied by
newspapers. In a single year, the section
will test 1,600 such samples for moisture,
basis weight, caliper, smoothness, print-
ability, printing opacity, brightness, tear,
strength and color.
The tests provide comparative data on
newsprint manufacturers, and results are
made available to member newspapers in
an annual report.
Three other laboratories exist in the de-
partment's chemistry section-two for ink
testing and one for analytical chemistry.
Equipped with about $400,000 in testing
equipment, these labs are the scene of
research on inks and materials of environ-
mental concern.
One of them is now investigating the
potential of converting the technology of
ANPAINKT-an environmentally sound,
non-petroleum-based letterpress ink-to
offset use. The Urbanite and Uniman
presses will be used in the experimenta-
tion.
The other ink lab is responsible for test-
ing newspaper inks for shade, strength,
tinting, rub off and viscosity, among other
characteristics.
The third lab, analytical chemistry, is an
example of ANPA's ability to adapt to new
governmental regulations and a changing
world. The lab tests samples of materials
submitted by newspapers and vendors to
determine whether any contain subs-
tances of environmental concern (such as
heavy metals and PCBs). The lab has
been used to determine whether news-
paper waste materials might have an im-
pact on the environment, to certify content
with ink pigment identification and to test
industrial hygiene samples from the work
place atmosphere.
Leesa Thompson attends to new locator
map of ANPA members.
Because of the increased attention to
environmental matters, this lab's activities
are expanding, as are those of the entire
environmental section.
"Nearly 100 percent of our work in the
environmental section is to keep newspa-
pers out of trouble with the government,"
says Cashau. "We're here when they need
help."
The move to Reston is seen as a boon
to the environmental section's efforts be-
cause of the proximity to the federal regu-
lators.
The environmental section conducts
studies on noise, ink mist, paper dust,
chemicals (solvents, blanket wash, etc.)
and VDTs (radiation and ergonomics). It
also "keeps track of the Occupational
Safety and Health Administration, the En-
vironmental Protection Agency and the
National Institute for Occupational Safety
and Health," Cashau says.
More directly, the section helps newspa-
pers cope with lengthy governmental
forms and in litigation with local, state and
federal regulators.
For the computer section, Reston and
Northern Virginia's emergence as a leader
in the so-called "high-tech" industry is
bound to be an asset.
The computer section has been one of
the most active ANPA components in the
last two decades, producing such software
as Layout-80, the Newspaper Manage-
ment Game, a newsprint inventory pro-
gram, the Micromark computer dictionary
and Request dB.
In the move to Reston, the section
gained what one staffer calls "a real com-
puter room" complete with a false floor, a
Halon-gas fire-extinguishing system, and
an independent heating and air-condition-
ing system. PDP-11/45 and PDP-11/23
central processing units were moved from
Easton, and a VAX 11/750 mainframe
computer was acquired. In toto, the sec-
tion now muscles 500 megabytes of disk
storage and 4.5 megabytes of operation
memory.
However, in terms of personnel, the
computer group was the hardest hit by the
move, losing four of the six researchers
and two other employees. But Cashau ex-
pects no problem finding new, qualified
computer researchers as needed.
For the members. While The News-
paper Center's new addition provides a
host of added facilities and opportunities
for the Association staff to better serve the
members, it also offers greater conven-
ience to newspaper publishers, managers
and others visiting Reston.
For example, a newspaper executive
may now fly into Dulles International Air-
port, take a 10-minute cab ride to Reston,
check in at a modern hotel and walk two
short blocks from the hotel to The News-
paper Center to visit the consolidated
ANPA as well as any of the other 10 news-
paper organizations located there. "Of
course," says Executive Vice President
Friedheim, "if anybody needs to be picked
up or delivered to either Dulles or National
airports, we will arrange that."
Halfway between the hotel and the Cen-
ter, the visitor can stop in at the American
Press Institute, which conducts numerous
seminars for newspaper personnel.
All the while, he or she will be only 20
miles from the seat of government. The trip
by car from Reston to Washington will be-
come quicker, too, because of the early
December opening of a new road linking
the Dulles Access Road and Interstate 66,
and the scheduled completion next fall of a
toll road adjacent to the Dulles Access
Road. The toll road, which will provide
direct access to Washington via 1-66, will
have two interchanges within a half mile of
The Newspaper Center. ^
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
special report
ANPA's nomadic tendency comes to end
The consolidation of all ANPA functions
and staff under one roof completes a circle
that covers nearly a century. Those func-
tions of the Association, established in
New York City in 1887, became geograph-
ically fragmented as ANPA grew, but they
are now unified again at The Newspaper
Center in Reston, Va.
The final step of the consolidation unites
what was formerly known as the ANPA
Research Institute, located in Easton, Pa.,
with the Association's headquarters.
When ANPA began, it had only one of-
fice, in New York City. As the Association
grew, however, it found the need to estab-
lish various departments to deal with ever-
increasing demands. Sometimes, loca-
tions other than New York City were cho-
sen. For example, a labor office was
established in Chicago in 1900, moved to
Indianapolis in 1911, returned to Chicago
in 1933 and finally settled in Reston in
1976.
ANPA's technical arm also had its origin
in New York City. In 1925, Charles F. Hart,
production director of The New York
Times, told the annual ANPA Convention:
"The mechanical departments of a
newspaper have not been given the se-
rious attention by the publishers (their) im-
portance in the present day requires.
"There is not an industry in the country
that has been so sadly neglected by the
engineer as newspaper printing."
The next year the ANPA Board of Direc-
tors created the Mechanical Department in
New York City and installed Walter E.
Wines, an innovative newspaper engineer,
as its first manager.
Wines set the tone and goals of the
newly formed department when he told the
1926 Convention:
"The present plans as they have been
laid out to me for this work are to start this
department by making it a clearing house,
a depository, a central office, for the collec-
tion and dissemination of information.
What it may develop from that no one
knows."
With an eye on the bottom line, Wines
added, "The aim of this Mechanical De-
partment will be to increase the net reve-
nue (of newspapers) by decreasing
operating expenses."
The department performed well, cutting
newsprint waste at member papers by 1
percent during its first nine years of exist-
ence, according to reports published in
ANPA General Bulletins. But the Board,
responding in part to the potential chal-
lenge of television, sought new technologi-
cal responses for newspapers and began
looking into establishing another depart-
ment that would separate research from
other mechanical functions. By 1948, the
Mechanical Research Department was a
reality.
The location of this new department was
Easton, primarily because of the interest in
the production side of newspapering
shown by J. L. Stackhouse, publisher of
The Express in Easton. Initially, he do-
nated quarters in downtown Easton for the
department's use. Later, he sold ANPA 11
acres of land several miles from downtown
Easton, and a laboratory was built on the
site in 1950.
During the 1950s, the Mechanical Re-
search Department expanded its facilities
and operations. It was renamed the ANPA
Research Institute in 1954. Three years
later, it merged with the Chicago-based
Institute of Newspaper Operations, whose
activities were moved to Easton the next
year.
To accommodate this and subsequent
growth, a $450,000 addition to the Easton
building was constructed in 1962, tripling
floor space.
The Mechanical Department remained
in New York City during this period. In
1963, it was combined with ANPA's Train-
ing and Services Division into the Produc-
tion Department. And eight years later, the
Board directed that the Production Depart-
ment be relocated to Easton.
Tracing ANPA's technical and labor offices as they moved from
ANPA founded, New York Labor office moves to
City Indianapolis
labor office sited,
Chicago
Labor office returns to Mechanical Research
Chicago Departmetttrenened, +1PA
Research Institute, Easton
Mechanical Department
organized, New York City
Mechanical Research
Department formed,
Easton. Pa.
Chicago-based Institute of
Newspaper Operations
merges with ANPA/RI in
Easton
Mechanical Department
merges with ANPA/RI, Easton
Production artment
formed inNeewY City,
ing Mechanical
and Services Divi8ion,
Training Division, and
Production Engineering
Division
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
special report
The next move away from New York
City was that of the headquarters. In 1972,
ANPA vacated its rented space in Manhat-
tan and moved to the Washington suburb
of Reston-in part because the Associa-
tion saw the financial benefit of owning its
own building, but largely because the ex-
panding role of the federal government in
private business had made proximity to
Washington almost essential for a major
trade association.
The consensus of the Board at that time
was that a consolidation of all ANPA ope-
rations in Reston would be desirable at
some point in the future.
In 1976, the Board and the membership
approved the relocation of the labor and
personnel relations staff from Chicago to
Reston.
And in 1981, as the space limitations
and deteriorating condition of the Easton
building became even greater concerns,
the Board and the membership approved
moving technical operations, staff and
equipment to The Newspaper Center.
But while the technical operation has
moved, its major mission has not changed.
Director of Technical Research George
Cashau, sounding very much like Wines,
his predecessor with the old Mechanical
Department, explains that mission this
way: "We're still trying to produce a better
communications vehicle more cheaply-
whatever that might turn out to be." ^
glace to place
Production Department Labor office moves to Reston
moves to Easton
ANPA headquarters moves
to Reston, Va.
Technical departments move
to Reston
Equipment, supplies exceed
$6-million cost of addition
Companies that manufacture and sell
the equipment and supplies used to pro-
duce newspapers have been generous in
donating or lending their wares to ANPA
technical departments.
These vendors have provided millions of
dollars worth of equipment now housed in
the new addition to The Newspaper Cen-
ter. In fact, the total worth of that equip-
ment eclipses the $6-million cost of the
addition, according to Peter P. Romano,
director/technical services.
William D. Rinehart, ANPA vice presi-
dent/technical, says the Association and
vendors have always had a close, working
relationship.
"The suppliers recognize the role ANPA
has played in moving the newspaper busi-
ness from an antiquated hot-metal opera-
tion to a technologically advanced
business," he says.
Much of the developmental work on
ANPAPRESSTM and other ANPA-devel-
oped technologies was made possible be-
cause of donations of blankets, rollers,
roller covers and plate saddles by such
firms as W. R. Grace & Co., K&F/Beach
Manufacturing Co. and Jomac Roller Inc.
The move to Reston and the corre-
sponding increase in space has given
ANPA the opportunity to upgrade the
equipment-virtually all of it either donated
or on permanent loan-used in research
and training programs.
For instance, M.A.N.-Roland USA Inc.
donated a $2.8-million Uniman 4/2 offset
press [presstime, May 1982, p. 46];
M.E.G. (U.S.) Inc. donated the reel stands
for the high-speed, double-width press;
and Hall Systems Inc. donated a mailroom
distribution system for the press and
installed the press, reel stands and mail-
room system at no cost to the Association.
Hall also installed at cost the Goss Ur-
banite single-width offset press donated by
the Goss Co. and a Printmaster letterpress
press donated by the Hoe Co. years ago.
HCM Graphic Systems Inc. donated a
Hell electronic color scanner worth about
$300,000.
A $500,000 donation by Rockwell's
Graphics Systems Division allowed ANPA
to expand and enhance activities through
the new research facilities and to furnish
and equip several conference and training
rooms.
While those donations have received a
considerable amount of attention, what is
not generally known is that such firms as
Anchor/Lith-Kem-Ko, New England News-
paper Supply Co., Western Lithoplate &
Supply and other firms regularly donate
film, chemicals, blankets, stripping materi-
als, plates and other materials used in the
research and training programs.
Taft Equipment Sales Co. even donated
a van for ANPA use. And all the major
newsprint manufacturers donate newsprint
on a rotating basis to The Newspaper Cen-
ter.
"We got a lot of stuff in here we couldn't
afford to buy," says George Cashau,
ANPA director/technical research.
"The suppliers were willing to donate
much more equipment," Rinehart points
out, "but we only accepted equipment that
would play a vital role in future research or
training."
Other donors are:
Abitibi-Price Inc. Hercules Inc.
American Hoechst Corp. Inmont Corp.
Anitec Image Corp. International Paper
Anocoil Corp. Co.
Associated Press Itek Composition
Baldwin-Gegenheimer Systems
Division J. M. Huber Corp.
Bato Company Inc. Kimberly-Clark Corp.
Berkey Technical Co. Kruger Inc.
Bowater Corp. LogEscan Systems Inc.
Chemco Photoproducts MacBeth
Co. Mergenthaler Linotype
Chesley F. Carlson Co. Co.
CIP Inc. Midwest Publishers
Compugraphic Corp. Supply Co.
Consolidated-Bathurst Mycro-Tek
Inc. NAPP Systems (U.S.A.)
Consolidated Inc.
International Corp. Nolan-Jampol Inc.
Domtar Inc. Nova Scotia Forest
Donohue Inc. Industries
Dow Jones & Co. Inc. nuArc Co. Inc.
Eastman Kodak Co. Radio Shack
E. I. du Pont de Nemours Reed Paper Ltd.
& Co. Reeves Brothers Inc.
Flint Ink Corp. Roberts & Porter Inc.
Garden State Paper Co. Rothesay Paper Ltd.
Inc. Rycoline Products Inc.
Graphic Arts Technical Signode Corp.
and Consulting Sun Chemical Corp.
Services Texscan MSI
Graphic Fine Color United Press
Great Lakes Forest International
Products Ltd. United States Printing Ink
Great Northern Nekoosa Corp.
Corp. 3M Co.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
world press
UNESCO conference devoid of rancor
By Marcia Fram
presstime staff writer
Contrary to expectations, compromise,
not controversy, emerged from discussion
of communications issues at UNESCO's
22nd General Conference, which ended
Nov. 29.
The mid-November sessions dealing
with the press were largely devoid of the
ideological rancor that has polarized de-
bate on the subject along East-West lines
for the past decade.
Instead, the Paris conference reflected
the realization that technology, not ideo-
logy, is the key communications need of
Third World nations, according to U.S. ob-
servers at the conference. These nations,
which have often used the international
forum to express resentment of alleged
Western media domination, now appear to
be aware that practical assistance from
industrialized nations can help in devel-
oping their own media capabilities.
"For the first time since 1974, the tone of
UNESCO's plenary discussion on commu-
nications was restrained. The stridency of
the 1970s was nowhere evident," said
Leonard R. Sussman, a member of the
U.S. delegation.
"Indeed, it may be said that the giant
UNESCO bureaucracy and its member
states were seen to move, even slightly, in
a westerly direction. After a decade of
movement in other directions on communi-
cations issues, this was encouraging," said
Sussman, who is executive director of
Freedom House, a New York-based or-
ganization that monitors freedom-or lack
of it-throughout the world.
Dana Bullen, executive director of the
World Press Freedom Committee, said
that "while problems remain, if anyone is
looking for an assault on the media at this
conference serious enough to justify a
U.S. withdrawal from UNESCO, they won't
find it."
Bullen described the communications
aspect of the conference as a "mixed bag,"
and a State Department official called it a
collection of "plusses and minuses" for the
Free World.
The fact that the conference was not
disrupted by bitter debate over communi-
cations issues was by no means a cer-
tainty when the month-long meeting began
Oct. 25.
At the outset, the Soviet Union circu-
lated a resolution calling for what some
Western officials termed a "blacklist" of
media organizations perceived as "build-
ing up world tension and disseminating
tendentious and slanderous messages
Soviet Union yielded on 3 proposals in Paris
By George P. Kennedy
As negotiators from East and West filed
out of a room in UNESCO headquarters in
George P. Kennedy
Paris, American
delegate Joseph P.
Rawley, co-pub-
fisher of The High
Point (N.C.) Enter-
prise, summed up
the delegation's ef-
forts: "It's been a
good day's work."
His satisfaction
was based on the
fact that the United
States, though
forced to give up one proposed amend-
ment to UNESCO's communications pro-
gram for 1984.85, had just seen the Soviet
Union and East Germany surrender on
three proposals, including the one most
feared by the West.
Rawley's colleague, Helen Marie Taylor,
Kennedy, a member of the preestime Advi-
sory Committee, is on the faculty of the Univer-
sity of Missouri School of Journalism. He
currently is on sabbatical in Europe.
president of the James Monroe Memorial
Foundation, was far less pleased. After all,
the abandoned American proposal had
been described, perhaps with some diplo-
matic hyperbole, as "the heart of our philo-
sophy of communication." There had been
other rhetorical retreats. And, referring to
the work plan as a whole, she added hotly,
`There's nothing in there about freedom of
the press or private enterprise,"
Those attitudes probably reflect the
range of opinion among advocates of a
Western-style press system at the conclu-
sion of four days of public debate and
private compromise.
The other side made no public pro-
nouncements, but the Soviets and their
allies cannot have been much happier
than was Taylor. Not only had the most
virulently anti-Western proposals been
killed, but the only major Soviet resolution
to be adopted had been rendered inncoc-
uous by rewording of key phrases.
To a first time observer, It seemed signi-
ficant that most of the watering-down was
performed by the professionals of the UN-
ESCO secretariat, acting in the name of
Director General Amadou Mahtar MBow.
The staff also dulled the edge of most
Western proposals.
Asked whether the director general al-
ways gets his way on disputed points,
American Delegate Leonard Sussman re-
plied with a grim smile, "only 98 percent of
the time." It that power is now to be used
less confrontationally than often has been
the case, the press freedom advocates will
have made an important advance.
Some of M'Bow's own comments, made
in his reply to the general policy debate,
had an encouraging ring. He took note of
continued skepticism and reservations
based on the fear that the organization's
drive for a "new world information and
communication order" would "restrict free-
dom of information and freedom of
speech." Not so, he said.
"We are not concerned here with re-
stricting freedoms that have already been
won, but rather with extending those free-
doms to people who are still deprived of
them. To develop communication capabili-
ties in places where such capabilities are
minimal, not to say non-existent, is not to
strike a blow against the freedom of oth-
ers. Rather, it is to establish the conditions
under which all voices can make them-
selves heard and freedom can become the
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
world press
The United States reacted to this and
other initiatives against press freedom by
threatening to withhold its budget contribu-
tion to UNESCO. The United States cur-
rently provides one-fourth of the agency's
funding.
The Soviet Union subsequently with-
drew its proposal.
When it came time to decide UNESCO's
budget for 1984-85, the U.S. delegation
cast the lone dissenting vote, while 10 of
the other 160 nations abstained, as the
conference approved a 2 percent-plus in-
crease to $374.5 million. UNESCO's sec-
retariat had proposed spending $386.6
million, an increase of more than 6 per-
cent, while the United States advocated a
no-growth budget of $360.6 million. (See
story, p. 15.)
Communications policy was ironed out
during the conference by a 60-member
UNESCO group known as the Fourth
Commission.
common possession of all."
The communications debate still left
room for skepticism and reservations,
along with the cautious optimism. Skepti-
cism is rooted in recent history. UNESCO's
almost 10 years of involvement in commu-
nications policy has shown that concepts
like "freedom" and "all voices" are subject
to sharply differing interpretations.
The prevailing interpretation in the orga-
nization's programs has appeared to Wes-
tern eyes to put too much stress on
strengthening governments' voices and
too little on encouraging expression free of
government controls.
After the Norwegian who heads the two-
year-old International Program for the De-
velopment of Communication criticized
"some rich nations" for their lack of finan-
cial support, Dana Bullen of the World
Press Freedom Committee noted privately
that only one of the IPDC's first 50 projects
has been non-governmental.
Criticism and response illustrate the
combination of economic reality and con-
flicting values that seems likely to make
UNESCO's communications program the
source of continuing strife, even without
East-West polemics.
The reality is that the industrialized West
dominates world communications-in
news, entertainment and technology.
Free World countries notched a victory
when the commission agreed to a
UNESCO study of the "watchdog" concept
of the press. This grew out of a West Ger-
man resolution stating that one major func-
tion of the mass media is to report on
abuses of power and on violations of hu-
man rights.
Also favored by the United States and
approved by the Fourth Commission were
UNESCO studies on censorship and self-
censorship, the inclusion of media rights in
a study of media responsibilities, a study of
government media as well as private me-
dia, a series of case studies on the plurality
of media forms and outlets, and ways to
strengthen freedom of information.
On the other hand, the United States
withdrew resolutions terming the "jam-
ming" of radio broadcasts a violation of the
free flow of information, and linking free
flow of information to fundamental human
freedoms.
Western delegations also failed to gain
acceptance of studies on jamming and on
Much of the rest of the world dislikes and
fears that domination but possesses
neither the money nor the expertise to
compete. The Western devotion to indivi-
dual liberties is also In short supply in the
majority of UNESCO member states.
In the conference debate, the delegate
of Uganda said that his nation now boasts
18 independently published newspapers
and magazines, but it has only two ancient
presses and not enough newsprint to go
around. The delegate of Trinidad and To-
bago said her country is in danger of losing
its "cultural identity" in the flood of televi-
sion programs from the U.S. satellite in
whose "footprint" those Caribbean islands
lie. The Kingdom of Bhutan, its delegate
said, has just one radio station, a weekly
official newspaper and a quarterly maga-
zine-all government-owned.
All three delegates, like most of the 82
speakers, urged better financing for
UNESCO's program. Sixty percent of the
$28.8-million communications budget is
allocated to the providing of equipment
and the training of personnel. Nobody sug-
gested that this amount will meet demand.
Although this conference avoided most
of the controversy of the past, it left unre-
solved the underlying problems. it wasn't
clear in Pads whether such problems can
be solved.
press freedom in countries where the me-
dia are under government control.
However, they were able to blunt, but
not stop, Soviet moves for international
acceptance of a proposed new world in-
formation order," which would impose in-
ternational standards and restrictions on
the press. The Fourth Commission indi-
cated that UNESCO's communications
policy is an evolving process, not a binding
declaration, by substituting the words
"charged with exploring" the NWIO propo-
sal for "striving to bring about this order."
Particularly troublesome to Western na-
tions is the prospect of continued
UNESCO efforts to regulate journalists.
Still on the agenda for UNESCO's future
consideration are studies of journalists'
codes of conduct and on ways to ensure
their safety. In the past, efforts to "protect"
journalists, particularly through the issu-
ance of press cards, have been seen by
Western nations as a form of state "licen-
sing," which they oppose.
Western nations are also concerned that
key phrases in UNESCO's communica-
tions policies could be interpreted as sanc-
tioning increased state control over the
press.
In addition to "protection" of journalists,
UNESCO "code words" now include the
"right to communicate," specific "working
conditions" of journalists, and "participa-
tion" of non-media groups in media man-
agement, according to the WPFC's Bullen.
Policies worked out by the Fourth Com-
mission at the Nov. 14-15 meetings on
"Communication in the Service of Man"
were scheduled to be on the agenda for
UNESCO's plenary session Nov. 23.
Also undecided at press time was the
fate of a resolution being considered by
another UNESCO commission that would
establish codes of conduct for transna-
tional organizations, which could include
the media. ^
New Turkish press law
Turkey has passed a new press law im-
posing long prison sentences and heavy
fines on writers and editors whose articles
are deemed a threat to national security or
public morality. Under the law, publishers
in violation could have their publications
closed and presses confiscated. The law
was passed Nov. 10 by the country's mili-
tary-controlled National Security Coun-
cil. ^
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
world press
Special security precautions
taken at IAPA meeting in Lima
A "rising tide of political violence" pres-
ents a "depressing and sometimes alarm-
ing story of a free press under attack from
all directions," the Inter American Press
Association has reported.
"Governments continue to close and ha-
rass newspapers, censor news, imprison
journalists and conspire to restrict the flow
of news," said the final report of the 1983
annual meeting in Lima, Peru, attended by
more than 300 publishers, editors and
news executives from 29 countries.
Extraordinary safety precautions set the
tone of the four-day meeting, which began
Oct. 24-the day after a terrorist bomb
exploded two blocks from the hotel where
most of the IAPA delegates stayed.
That incident, plus the group's glaring
statistics showing that 20 journalists were
killed in the Americas last year, made safe-
ty a prime concern. But at the same time,
IAPA condemned a recent proposal by the
International Press Institute to "protect"
journalists on dangerous assignments by
issuing international press cards [press-
time, November 1983, p. 19].
A strongly worded resolution called the
IPI initiative "a dangerous, ill-conceived
concept that would lead to government
control of who can freely exercise the pro-
fession of journalism."
In his acceptance speech as new IAPA
president, Horacio Aguirre called licens-
ing, or government registration and regula-
tion of journalists, "one of the most serious
threats against freedom of expression
nowadays in the world." Aguirre is editor
and publisher of Diario Las Americas, a
Spanish-language newspaper published in
Miami.
According to the IAPA report, only jour-
nalists belonging to government-approved
professional associations called "colegios"
may publish in the Dominican Republic,
Costa Rica, Brazil, Colombia, Venezuela,
Honduras, Ecuador, Peru and Panama.
In one well-attended panel discussion,
journalists from the Associated Press, The
Christian Science Monitor, The Miami He-
rald and the heavily censored Nicaraguan
newspaper La Prensa discussed profes-
sional safety.
Practical suggestions for reporters in-
cluded: Never carry a gun; know the cul-
ture, especially the language; stay away
from photographers when it is not neces-
sary to expose the writer to violent action;
know the meaning of symbols, such as red
or white flags; pick local helpers carefully,
especially drivers; know your physical limi-
tations, including the stamina to flee if ne-
cessary; have two cars available in case
one breaks down; and keep others aware
of your schedule.
During the safety panel, the mother of a
photographer who, with seven writers, was
killed by villagers in Uchuraccay, Peru, last
January, pleaded with the group to seek
death benefits for journalists' families.
Another panel featured Latin American
editors who criticized U.S. editors for ro-
manticizing the role played by guerillas,
particularly in Nicaragua, and playing up
sensational events, such as coups and
earthquakes, instead of providing consis-
tent coverage. The
panel included edi-
tors from The New
York Times, The
Wall Street Journal,
The Miami Herald
and United Press
International.
In addition to
Aguirre, new offic-
ers elected in-
cluded Edward H.
Harte, publisher of
the Corpus Christi (Texas) Caller-Times
and a director of Harte-Hanks Communi-
cations Inc., second vice president.
U.S. journalists elected to the 20-
member board of directors include: Robert
Cox, The News and Courier, Charleston,
S.C.; Charles L. Dancey, Peoria (III.) Jour-
nal-Star; Roberto Fabricio, El Miami He-
rald; Anthony E. Insolia, Newsday, Long
Island, N.Y.; David Kraslow, Cox Newspa-
pers/The Miami News; Ignacio E. Lozano
Jr., La Opinion, Los Angeles; and James
McClatchy, McClatchy Newspapers, Sa-
cramento, Calif. ^
Opposition to press-card plan reiterated
On the eve of the Nov. 28-29 executive
board meeting of the International Press
Institute, IPI's American Committee issued
a statement reiterating its opposition to a
controversial plan to use international
press cards to "protect" journalists on dan-
gerous assignments.
After a Nov. 17 meeting of the American
Committee in New York City, Chairman
Robert M. White II said the group had
instructed Richard H. Leonard, an IPI vice
president and editor of The Milwaukee
Journal, to "press the traditional American
position against any perception of licens-
ing" at the IPI board meeting in Rome.
White, publisher of the Mexico (Mo.)
Ledger, said the committee agreed that
"nothing would please the Soviet Union
more than any action that would weaken
IPI."
He said the committee has only one goal
in that connection-"to further strengthen
IPI through a deeper understanding of
what IPI stands for and the kinds of actions
that can and should be taken by the
elected and professional executives of IPI."
In October, the committee had decided
to withhold funds for IPI's international of-
fice until the licensing issue is resolved.
White said that the committee considers
this position to be in accord with the prin-
ciples of IPI.
The press-card proposal emerged from
a September meeting of heads of six inter-
national press organizations, including IPI.
The meeting was initiated by IPI Executive
Director Peter Galliner [presstime, Nov.
1983, p. 19]. ^
Baltimore Sun duo
detained 8 days in Zaire
Two reporters for The Baltimore Sun
were released in early November after an
eight-day detention by security forces in
Kinshasa, the capital of Zaire.
Timothy Phelps and Helen Winternitz
were detained immediately after interview-
ing a former government official who had
signed a manifesto saying Zaire should
have more than one political party.
The reporters were questioned, and the
film and notes they had with them were
confiscated.
Following the incident, they returned to
Baltimore. [ 7
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
world press legislation
France studies
ownership limit
on newspapers
The French government has revealed
details of a proposed law to limit the num-
ber of newspapers and periodicals any
one group may publish.
Prime Minister Pierre Mauroy said the
measure is designed to safeguard the "plu-
ralism" of the press and to prevent growth
of publishing empires with great political
impact.
No publishing group would be allowed to
own more than three nationally distributed
publications dealing with politics or current
affairs, and only one of the three could be
a daily newspaper. No group could own
both a national and a regional newspaper,
and no group's regional newspapers could
account for more than 15 percent of total
French newspaper sales. according to
Mauroy.
The Socialist Party governments plan
has sparked bitter opposition from conser-
vative opposition parties, which maintain it
is aimed at breaking up the newspaper
group headed by conservative Robert Her-
sant. Hersant's group, the largest in the
country, controls one in every five newspa-
pers in France. including Le Figaro of Par-
The French National Press Federation
and the Regional Daily Papers Associa-
tion, representing most of the privately
owned French press, protested what they
termed an attempt "to influence the right to
edit and to publish in a country where
press freedom is considered a fundamen-
tal guarantee of democracy."
Restrictive legislation also has been pro-
posed in Canada [presstime, Oct. 1983,
p. 52].
AP sends news in China
The Associated Press has become the
tirst foreign news agency to distribute
news by teleprinter in China since the
Communist takeover in 1949.
Because Chinese law prohibits direct
distribution of news, AP will distribute its
World Service news report to private for-
eign subscribers through Xinhau, the offi-
cial Chinese press agency. Xinhau already
distributes AP dispatches to Chinese
subscribers.
Newspaper official backs agency
Bill freezes UNESCO funds
Congress has passed a bill that imposes
a one-year freeze on U.S. funding for the
United Nations and four of its agencies,
including UNESCO.
The bill. the final version of an authoriza-
tion bill for the U.S. State Department. also
contains an amendment to delay until April
15 implementation of the Reagan adminis-
trations "lifetime censorship" rules for
some government employees [press-
time, Nov. 1983, p. 14].
The provision on funding the five inter-
national agencies was a compromise be-
tween a House-passed bill that had no
funding restriction and a bill passed by the
Senate that would have cut the U.S.'s con-
tribution to the UN and its four major agen-
cies by an estimated $484 million over four
years.
House and Senate conferees and then
the full Congress finally settled on limiting
1984 funding for the five organizations. in
aggregate, to that of 1983, about $353
million.
President Reagan was expected to sign
the bill. which cleared Congress Nov. 18,
the last day of the 1983 session.
In a related matter, ANPA's representa-
tive to the U.S. National Commission for
UNESCO has cautioned that if the United
States decides to restrict funding for UN-
ESCO, or end participation in UNESCO
altogether. the action should be taken "in
concert with a number of other like-minded
UNESCO member states."
"Unilateral action by the U.S. without the
support of Western allies could severely
damage efforts within UNESCO to advo-
cate freedom of expression as a funda-
mental human right," warned Joseph P.
Rawley, chairman of the International Re-
lations Subcommittee of the ANPA Tele-
communications Committee.
The commission is reassessing U.S.
participation in UNESCO and sought input
from its members.
Rawley, co-publisher and general man-
ager of The High Point (N.C.) Enterprise,
argued for continued U.S. participation.
saying that was the "consensus' of a num-
ber of U.S. newspaper publishers who
have participated in. or closely followed.
UNESCO developments. "We feel that in
order to continue strong U.S. support for
the principles of free expression, freedom
of the press and the international free flow
of information, the U.S. should remain in
UNESCO." he said.
Legislative notes
A bill that would deny U.S. companies
business tax deductions for advertising
on Canadian broadcasting stations was
approved Nov. 7 by the Senate Finance
Committee
The legislation, introduced at the re-
quest of the Reagan administration, 'mir-
rors" a 1976 Canadian law that denies tax
deductions to Canadian companies for ad-
vertising on U.S. stations. Such a law has
been sought by U.S. broadcasters operat-
ing near the Canadian border as a means
of convincing the Canadians to repeal their
statute.
The bill was attached to a House-
passed trade bill. HR 3398 [presstime,
Aug. 1982, p. 16].
the Freedom of Information Act was de-
ferred until the 1984 session of Congress,
apparently because of a struggle involving
a key senator, David F. Durenberger (R-
Minn.), over a schedule for hearings on his
proposed amendment to the bill.
ANPA opposes the FOIA bill [press-
time, June 1983. p. 14].
The Senate has passed a bill to exempt
some CIA files from the Freedom of Infor-
mation Act.
The bill, reported by the Senate Select
Committee on Intelligence, was passed
Nov. 17 on a voice vote and without de-
bate. Press groups regard the legislation,
S 1324, as an improvement over earlier
versions of CIA-FOIA legislation [press-
time, Nov. 1983, p. 14].
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
courts
AN PA files amicus briefs Target-market plan
in two Supreme Court cases draws complaint
of discrimination
ANPA in late November filed friend-of-
the-court briefs in two more cases before
the U.S. Supreme Court, one a libel case
questioning what can be published as a
result of the legal discovery process and
the other an appeal of a liquor advertising
ban in Oklahoma.
Also, the Supreme Court has agreed to
hear two more press-related cases, a libel
case and an access case.
In one of the amicus curiae briefs, ANPA
and the American Civil Liberties Union
said jointly that before publishing restric-
tions are placed on materials obtained in
the discovery process, it should be shown
"at a minimum" that "the particular circum-
stances demonstrate an overriding interest
to be served by the protective order for
which there is no alternative intruding less
on First Amendment interests."
Such a standard was not applied in
Rhinehart v. Seattle Times, either in the
trial court or in the Washington Supreme
Court where an appeal was unsuccessful,
ANPA and the ACLU said [presstime,
Oct. 1983, p. 12].
The case stems from a libel suit filed by
Keith Milton Rhinehart, leader of a spiri-
tualist church, against The Seattle Times
and the Walla Walla Union-Bulletin. In pre-
paring their defense, the newspapers
asked Rhinehart to produce certain finan-
cial documents in the discovery process.
He refused. The newspapers then asked
the trial judge to compel release of the
papers. The judge did so but on condition
that the materials not be published. The
judge said absence of such a protective
order would have "a chilling effect on a
person's willingness to bring a case to
court."
Both sides appealed the judge's ruling.
In the other brief, ANPA, the Magazine
Publishers Association and the National
Association of Broadcasters argued that
Oklahoma's liquor ad ban should be struck
down. They said the 10th U.S. Circuit
Court of Appeals decision in Cablecom
General Inc. v. Crisp upholding the ban for
out-of-state cable TV programming over-
steps bounds protected by the First
Amendment.
The media brief said commercial speech
rights not only are violated, but also non-
commercial information-such as news
and entertainment-could be stopped
from reaching Oklahoma residents. "The
end result cannot help but be a reduction
in the amount of information, both com-
mercial and non-commercial, available to
the public," the associations said.
Of the two new press cases the high
court has agreed to hear, one is an appeal
by the financial reporting firm Dun &
Bradstreet that could clarify a point of libel
law regarding non-press libel defendants.
Dun & Bradstreet seeks to overturn a
Vermont Supreme Court decision allowing
punitive as well as compensatory dam-
ages in a libel suit against the company
over its erroneous report that a firm had
filed for bankruptcy.
Dun & Bradstreet, considering itself a
private entity and not a member of the
press, argues that it should not have to pay
$300,000 in punitive damages as meted
out in the trial court. It claims that non-
press parties should enjoy the same privi-
leges the Supreme Court afforded the
press in its 1974 decision in Gertz v.
Welch. Among other things, Gertz held
that compensatory damages may be
awarded against the press if the press
acted with negligence. Punitive damages
may be awarded only if a libel plaintiff
proves malice on the part of the press.
The court also said it would hear an
appeal of the Federal Communications
Commission regarding the scope of the
1976 federal Sunshine Act. The FCC is
appealing a federal court decision that it
should have opened to the public and
press some meetings that several com-
mission members had with European offi-
cials during an international telecom-
munications conference in 1979.
ITT World Communications Inc., an in-
ternational telecommunications firm, sued
the FCC, arguing that the law did apply.
In other Supreme Court developments,
three libel cases were argued Nov. 8. They
were Keeton V. Hustler, Calder v. Jones
and Bose Corporation v. Consumers
Union. I I
A Philadelphia woman has filed a dis-
crimination complaint against The Phila-
delphia Inquirer, J.C. Penney Co. Inc. and
Bamburger's department store because
advertising preprints of those stores are
not included in copies of the Inquirer deliv-
ered to her home in North Philadelphia.
The complaint was filed by Marilyn
Christmas with the Pennsylvania Human
Relations Commission under a portion of
the state's Human Relations Act barring
discrimination in "places of public accom-
modation."
The Inquirer and Penney's filed a motion
to dismiss the complaint.
Thomas B. Duffin, director of industrial
relations at the Inquirer, said Penney's and
Bamburger's do not cover all of Philadel-
phia with their preprints. "It's simply a mat-
ter of their doing target marketing," he
explained.
Duffin said the Human Relations Com-
mission will investigate the complaint and
possibly hold a hearing.
In its motion to dismiss, the Inquirer said
it is not a "place of public accommodation"
and the commission therefore has no juris-
diction. The newspaper also said it has
cited First Amendment protections against
such a complaint.
Student paper qualifies
for Florida tax exemption
A county circuit court judge has ruled
that the daily Independent Florida Alliga-
tor, a free-circulation newspaper published
for students at the University of Florida, is
a newspaper for sales tax purposes and
qualifies for a tax exemption.
The Nov. 9 ruling invalidates a Depart-
ment of Revenue assessment of about
$40,000 against the paper's publisher,
Campus Communications Inc. The as-
sessment was for taxes, penalties and in-
terest it said the company owed on pay-
ments to the paper's printer.
The state tax department had con-
tended that the Alligator did not meet two
of its criteria for a newspaper: that it have a
second-class postal permit and that it have
paid circulation. I
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
courts
Media lawyers discuss year of wins, worries
By C. David Rambo
presstime staff writer
The media have had a heavy dose of
legal problems over the past decade, and
according to some of the nation's top me-
dia lawyers, the trend is far from over.
While there has been less activity in
some areas, court challenges against the
press still are pouring over the transom.
The lawyers say cases range from uncom-
fortable nuisance suits to severely threat-
ening tests of the First Amendment.
The legal climate was examined at the
Practising Law Institute's 11th annual
communications law seminar Nov. 17-18
in New York City. This year's event drew a
,ecord 410 lawyers, journalists and jour-
nalism educators.
Among positive developments was a re-
port from James C. Goodale of Debevoise
& Plimpton, New York City, and chairman
of the program since its inception, who
said a form of reporter's privilege is "some-
what well-established" in virtually every
federal judicial circuit.
Not all state courts have recognized a
reporter's privilege, however, Goodale
noted. In fact, one of the most recent state-
court decisions-in the Idaho Supreme
Court-went against the press. (See story.
p. 18.)
Also giving rise to some optimism was a
report by John B. McCrory of Nixon, Har-
grave, Devans & Doyle, Rochester, N.Y.,
that the past year was a good one for
reducing the size of "mega-verdicts"
awarded some libel plaintiffs.
And several experts noted that the me-
dia are faring well in securing access to
public proceedings and documents, and
that use of summary judgment to get libel
suits dismissed still meets with success in
a majority of cases.
But warnings of potential dangers far
outnumbered the reports of good news.
Negative labels were assigned these sub-
ject areas:
? Prior restraint. Floyd Abrams of Cahill
Gordon & Reindel, New York City, said
that just a couple of years ago, "I thought
we could say with some confidence that
(prior restraint) cases had passed, that we
were through" with such challenges.
"There has been a lot of murmuring from
the grave this year." In fact, he said, "we've
had some vampires walking in broad day-
light." The problem is not that the press is
losing prior restraint cases, he said, but
rather that "more challenges keep com-
ing." A current, prior restraint case is
Rhinehart v. Seattle Times, now before the
U.S. Supreme Court. (See story, p. 16.)
? Constitutional protections, particu-
larly in libel cases. McCrory said a "down-
hill trend" includes an erosion of "absolute
privilege" for opinion as established by the
U.S. Supreme Court in 1974 in Gertz v.
Welch. It also includes the "distorting and
twisting" of the word "reckless" as in "reck-
less disregard" of whether material was
false or not-established by the Supreme
Court in the 1964 decision New York
Times v. Sullivan, he said.
McCrory noted that two libel cases be-
"I thought we could say with
some confidence that (prior
restraint) cases had passed,
that we were through" with
such challenges. "There has
been a lot of murmuring from
the grave this year." In fact,
"we've had some vampires
walking in broad daylight."
Floyd Abrams
Cahill Gordon & Reindel,
New York City
fore the Supreme Court are prime exam-
ples of threats to First Amendment
protections. One is Keeton v. Hustler,
which could have a negative impact on
national publications in terms of liability in
states far from the city of publication. The
second is Bose v. Consumers Union,
which hinges on Consumer Reports maga-
zine's describing Bose loudspeakers as
emitting sound that wanders "about the
room." A major question in the suit is
whether the report should have said that
sound wanders "along the wall." "It's hard
to believe it all boils down to these three
words," McCrory said.
? Commercial speech. P. Cameron
DeVore of Davis, Wright, Todd, Riese &
Jones, Seattle, said there has been a
"hodgepodge" of analysis in the courts.
One case before the Supreme Court, Ca-
blecom General Inc. v. Crisp, raises the
question of whether "society's needs to
control the alcohol problem are great
enough to curb speech," DeVore said.
? Antitrust. Conrad M. Shumadine, Wil-
lcox, Savage, Dickson, Hollis & Eley, Nor-
folk, Va., urged newspapers to "use
caution or be clobbered" by possible anti-
trust action when responding to the chal-
lenges posed by direct-mail competition.
He said more lawsuits against newspapers
are likely as newspapers respond to this
relatively new form of strong competition.
One of the most-watched cases of this
ilk is in Newport News, Va., where The
Daily Press was sued by the publisher of a
shopper publication. Trial in the case
started Nov. 14 in U.S. District Court,
Newport News. It continued at press time.
Some areas of media law yield mixed
views. One is copyright, in which a major
decision was handed down during the PLI
seminar. The 2nd U.S. Circuit Court of
Appeals in New York said The Nation
magazine did not violate copyright laws by
carrying a story based mainly on a to-be-
published book by former President Ger-
ald R. Ford.
Some lawyers, including Abrams, who
represented The Nation, said the decision
is important in assuring that copyright laws
will not be used to impede the flow of
news. Others, such as Stanley Rothen-
berg of Moses & Singer, New York City,
said the case "could present problems for
syndicators of newspaper material."
Discussion on these and other issues at
the seminar is designed to help lawyers
better serve their media clients.
Some attorneys outside the formal ses-
sions said one way lawyers can help is by
holding legal workshops for editors and
reporters.
But familiarity with the issues may not be
enough. Bruce W. Sanford, Baker & Hos-
tetler, Washington, D.C., and general
counsel of the Society of Professional
Journalists, Sigma Delta Chi, told press-
time that editors and reporters are "aw-
fully naive" about the "plain, simple facts of
what happens in litigation." I
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
courts
Court briefs
The full 5th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals
has upheld Mississippi's ban on liquor
advertising, saying that the harmful ef-
fects of alcohol consumption more than
outweigh any First Amendment consider-
ations.
The court, reversing an earlier decision
by one judge of the circuit, said. "If there is
any instance where a state can escape
First Amendment constraint while prohibit-
ing truthful advertising promoting lawful
sales, it would be where the product being
sold is intoxicating liquor.'
A group of media-related companies,
including newspapers, challenged the ad
ban in two separate cases. Those cases
resulted in conflicting decisions by the U.S.
district courts for the Northern and the
Southern Districts of Mississippi [press-
time, June 1983. p. 12].
The U.S. Supreme Court recently de-
cided to hear a similar case involving a
liquor ad ban in Oklahoma. (See story, p.
16.)
A reporter for the Daily Record in Morris-
town, N.J., has appealed her conviction of
impersonating a public official in order
to obtain information for a story.
A Kenilworth, N.J., Municipal Court
judge found Carla Cantor guilty of charges
that she claimed to be "from the morgue" in
order to get an interview with the mother of
a 24-year-old dancer who was killed.
Cantor denied the charge.
A U.S. District Court jury awarded
$158,000 in damages to the publisher of a
semi-weekly newspaper in southern Vir-
ginia after finding that two competing
newspaper companies violated antitrust
law by conspiring to monopolize the
market.
The jury said Mecklenburg News Inc.,
publisher of the semi-weekly News Pro-
gress, and Halifax Gazette Publishing Inc.,
publisher of the tri-weekly Gazette-Vir-
ginian, illegally conspired to harm Sun
Publishing Co. of Clarksville, publisher of
the Monday and Thursday Mecklenburg
Sun and a Wednesday shopper.
An attorney for Mecklenburg News and
Halifax Gazette said he would file "appro-
priate post-trial motions." Officials of all
three companies refused to comment on
A U.S. District Court judge said the Pro-
vidence (R.I.) Journal Co. must pay $3 in
damages plus attorney fees and court
costs to the defunct Home Placement
Service Inc. that had prevailed in an anti-
trust suit against Providence's two daily
newspapers because they would not run a
Home Placement Service ad.
The 1st U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals
had ruled in Home Placement Service v.
Providence Journal Co. that the newspa-
pers were wrong in not accepting advertis-
ing that offered, for a fee, a list of rental
properties. The Supreme Court let the de-
cision stand [presstime, April 1983. p.
12]. The case was returned to the District
Court for a decision on damages and in-
junctive relief. The latter had not been
settled by late November.
Judge Bruce M. Selya said he awarded
nominal damages of $1-tripled to $3
according to antitrust law-because Home
Placement Service failed to show just how
much it had been damaged by the news-
papers' refusal to publish the ad.
The Idaho Supreme Court ruled that a
reporter has no privilege against giving
material and testimony in a court proceed-
ing to determine the location of a child
involved in a custody dispute.
The court upheld a contempt citation
against Ellen Marks of The Idaho States-
man, who refused to testify about an inter-
view she had with the child's mother; the
interview may have led authorities to the
child. The father had legal custody.
Wanted: court decisions
W. Terry Maguire, ANPA vice presi-
dent/general counsel, requests that
newspapers send to him copies of all
court decisions affecting them.
Purpose of the request is to help
ANPA monitor legal trends in the
newspaper business and to help ar-
range for publication of decisions in Me-
dia Law Reporter, a weekly publication
of the Bureau of National Affairs.
Maguire's address is The Newspaper
Center, Box 17407, Dulles International
Airport, Wash., D.C. 20041.
The court said that in this case, "the
compelling state interests-the sanctity of
the writ of habeas corpus and the safety of
the child-outweigh any public interest in
an unfettered press."
Marks, now a reporter with United Press
International in Boise, spent seven hours
in jail and was fined $36,000 for refusing to
testify in September 1980 [presstime,
March 1981. p. 18].
Judge Willard L. Walker of the Rich-
mond Circuit Court said there is "no way"
he will let stand a $1.045-million libel
award a high school teacher won from the
Richmond (Va.) Times-Dispatch. Walker
said the high amount "bears no reasonable
relationship to reality at all." However, by
late November the judge had not decided
whether to sustain the verdict and reduce
the award, or throw out the judgment alto-
gether [presstime, Oct. 1983, p. 13].
Charles "Bebe" Rebozo and The Wash-
ington Post have settled a $10-million
libel suit Rebozo filed against the news-
paper. He had sued the paper for a story
headlined, "Bebe Rebozo Said To Cash
Stolen Stock."
Under terms of the settlement, both the
Post and Rebozo will make contributions
to the Boys Clubs of America.
The 2nd U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals
upheld dismissal of a libel suit against
ABC, saying that the media are protected
from suits when accurately reporting
newsworthy accusations, even if those ac-
cusations involved secret grand-jury pro-
ceedings.
Former ABC television executive
George C. Reeves sued ABC News for a
report concerning allegations that actor
Robert Wagner and his late wife, actress
Natalie Wood, were defrauded of profits
from an investment in the television series
"Charlie's Angels." Reeves said he was
defamed by the report and that the report
was inaccurate.
A federal District Court dismissed the
suit. Reeves appealed, saying California
libel law does not extend to secret grand-
jury proceedings. The appeals court
upheld the lower court action.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
postal affairs
Rate proposal effects mixed for 2nd-, 3rd-class
Many weekly and small daily newspa-
pers could wind up paying substantially
higher second-class postage bills under a
rate increase package the U.S. Postal
;service prooosed to the independent
Postal Rate Commission.
In addition. the package would raise
third-class bulk rates for relatively light
pieces of mail, including "piggybacked" ad-
vertising circulars known as "marriage
mail." But it would result in lower costs for
bulk pieces weighing more than eight
ounces.
The proposed rate package, which also
would raise the price of a first-class stamp
to 23 cents, was submitted to the commis-
sion Nov. 10. The commission has 10
months in which to act on the proposal.
ANPA is still studying the implications of
the proposed rate changes. However, W.
Terry Maguire. ANPA vice president and
general counsel. said, "The risks in this
case are fa- greater than the potential
gains."
In the second-class category, newspa-
pers that use primarily in-county, second-
class mail-mainly weeklies and small dai-
lies-could be hard hit. particularly if Con-
gress eliminates postal subsidies known
as "revenue foregone." It is not known how
Congress will act. (See story, p. 20.)
The per-pound rate for mail sent to
subscribers within the county of publica-
tion would go up 71 percent, from 4.1
cents per pound to 7 cents, if subsidies are
lost. The rate would go up 32 percent, from
4.1 to 5.4 cents, under current levels of
funding.
The per-piece charge, which is levied on
top of the per-pound fee, would increase
60 percent if there are no subsidies, or
would not change with current funding.
However, the per-piece rate for mailings
that are presorted to the carrier route
would go down 5 percent with no funding,
from 2.1 cents to 2 cents, or 10 percent
with current funding, from 2.1 to 1.9 cents.
Newspapers that use mainly "regular
rate," out-of-county mail would get a break
on per-pound rates, with decreases rang-
ing from 6.4 percent to 27.9 percent, de-
pending on how far the papers are mailed.
But per-piece costs for out-of-county
mail generally would increase. So-called
"limited circulation" publications-those
mailing fewer than 5,000 copies outside
the county of publication-would pay as
much as 47 percent more for each piece,
up to a ceiling of 7.5 cents. That is assum-
ing loss of postal funding. Under current
funding there could be a 57-percent de-
crease.
Publications mailing 5,000 or more cop-
ies outside the county of publication would
pay up to 52.8 percent more per piece. to a
ceiling of 10.7 cents.
The rate package offers carrier-rate dis-
counts for out-of-county publications as it
does for in-county mailings.
Also in second-class for out-of-county
mailings, USPS is proposing a discount for
copies taken to postal facilities close to
Existing (cents) Proposed (cents) . Proposed scents)
existing appropriation no appropriation
Per piece
with carrier-route presort
Per pound
Non-advertisinq portion
Adverlismq portion
Per piece
Fewer than 5.000 copies outside
3 0S 1
the county of publication
5.000 or more copies outside
t 1.7
the county of publication
where the mail is to be delivered.
In the third-class bulk category, which is
used heavily by Advo-System Inc. and
other direct-mail firms for marriage mail,
the minimum per-piece, carrier-route pre-
sort rate would increase 28.3 percent from
7.4 to 9.5 cents-the equivalent of $95 per
thousand. The weight break-the highest
weight at which individual pieces can take
advantage of the lowest rates would in-
crease from 3.91 ounces to 4 ounces.
The higher cost for marriage mail at the
low end of the third-class weight spectrum
would translate into a less attractive cost-
per-thousand for advertisers.
But under the new proposal, the cost for
an eight-ounce marriage-mail piece would
be roughly the same as existing rates.
Pieces weighing from eight to 16 ounces,
the maximum allowable weight in this cat-
egory, actually would enjoy a savings with
the proposed rates. (See graph.)
To date, most marriage-mail packages
have weighed four ounces or less. Ma-
guire said. Adoption of the proposed rates
could spur mailings of heavier advertising
packages, he added.
Maguire also said that newspapers
should use caution if planning budgets
based on the new USPS proposal. Not
only are there uncertainties in postal fund-
ing, but the Postal Service and Rate Com-
mission often do not agree on new rates
without considerable debate and some
compromise. ANPA will be an intervenor in
the rate case.
Per-piece rates for bulk third-class
mail presorted to the carrier route
Weight (ounces)
presstime December 1983 19
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
postal affairs regulations
USPS says protest
of 3rd-class labels
should be dismissed
The U.S. Postal Service said ANPA's
complaint against the use of detached
mailing labels for third-class "marriage
mail" packages is "unjustified." The Postal
Rate Commission should dismiss the com-
plaint without scheduling hearings, USPS
added.
The Association in late November was
preparing comments to counter the Postal
Service's Nov. 16 brief.
In that document, USPS offered back-
ground on why it changed postal rules in
March 1980 to allow the detached labels.
The move was part of an effort to "increase
efficiency," USPS said, and to bring mar-
riage-mail "flats" into conformance with the
"longstanding use" of detached labels for
third-class merchandise samples and
fourth-class bulk mailings.
The Postal Service did not address spe-
cific ANPA complaints to the rate commis-
sion: that the labels-delivered separately
from the marriage mail pieces-violate the
law; that they do not bear their fair share of
fixed Postal Service costs; and that there-
fore they impose a financial burden on
other classes of mail [presstime, Nov.
1983, p. 18).
The Third Class Mail Association also is
opposing ANPA's complaint. f l
Congress OKs funds;
rates to hold steady
Rates for mailing newspapers within the
county of publication and for mailing less
than 5,000 copies outside the county will
go up little if at all in the rest of fiscal year
1984, experts say.
That's because Congress agreed Nov.
12 to continue through next Sept. 30 the
1983 funding level for "revenue fore-
gone"-the subsidy for in-county and lim-
ited circulation deliveries-at about $879
million. President Reagan later signed the
measure.
The Senate Appropriations Committee
had recommended $802 million in this cat-
egory, which would have caused a rate
increase [presstime, Nov. 1983, p. 16].
But House and Senate conferees later
agreed on the higher, House-passed fig-
ure. I I
Legal challenges expected
OSHA unveils `hazard' rules
The Occupational Safety and Health Ad-
ministration disclosed Nov. 22 new rules
requiring manufacturers to label certain
hazardous substances used by workers.
The "hazard communication" rules are
generally supported by industry because
there are now at least 18 states that have
enacted "right-to-know" laws, and a single
federal regulation is preferred. A number
of municipalities and counties also have
passed legislation dealing with employee
exposure to toxic substances in the work
place.
Organized labor, however, has gener-
ally opposed the rules because unions and
environmental groups have campaigned
successfully for the state laws. Some state
laws are more stringent than the OSHA
standard.
Court challenges to the new rules-
which were to be published in the Nov. 25
Federal Register-are expected because
such issues as individual companies' trade
secrets and whether the OSHA rules pre-
empt existing state laws are involved.
An OSHA spokesman said manufactur-
ers have until Nov. 25, 1985, to be in com-
pliance with the standard.
OSHA head Thorne G. Auchter dis-
cussed the rules at a recent meeting of the
ANPA Government Affairs Committee
[presstime, Nov. 1983, p. 15]. 1
Regulatory notes
ANPA and two other newspaper organi-
zations have protested a proposal to in-
crease exemptions to the Government in
the Sunshine Act, the federal open-meet-
ings law.
The proposal of a committee of the Ad-
ministrative Conference of the United
States recommends that the conference,
an independent federal agency, urge Con-
gress to amend the act to add exemptions
for federal agencies' meetings on budget
matters, legislative programs and posi-
tions, and prospective rulemaking initia-
tives.
"These are precisely the types of meet-
ings which the Sunshine Act sought to
open," argued ANPA, the American So-
ciety of Newspaper Editors and the Na-
tional Newspaper Association.
The committee Nov. 7 decided to con-
tinue consideration of the proposal but not
to bring it before the conference's semi-
annual plenary session in December.
. ? .
President Reagan's nomination of
Terry Calvani to the Federal Trade Com-
mission, was confirmed Nov. 15 by the
Senate. Calvani, a Republican and a pro-
fessor at Vanderbilt University School of
Law specializing in antitrust law, will fill the
seat vacated by former Commissioner Da-
vid A. Clanton.
Another Reagan nomination, that of
Dennis R. Patrick to fill the unexpired term
of former Federal Communications Com-
missioner Anne P. Jones, was not acted
upon before the Senate adjourned for the
year Nov. 18. The nomination will have to
be resubmitted after the Senate recon-
venes Jan. 23. Patrick, also a Republican,
is associate director of the Office of Presi-
dential Personnel. He was nominated Oct.
A proposal to test black newsprint
inks in an effort to determine if any carcin-
ogenic effects can be found in them has
received approval from the first of two re-
view panels.
The nomination of the inks and their
components for testing in the National
Toxicology Program was made by the Na-
tional Institute for Occupational Safety and
Health [presstime, July 1983, p. 28].
The NTP's Chemical Evaluation Com-
mittee recommended Nov. 8 that the nomi-
nation be accepted. The committee
consists of representatives of nine federal
agencies.
A second review of the nomination will
be made by the NTP Board of Scientific
Counselors, a group of eight non-govern-
mental scientists. The final decision on
whether to fund the tests will be made by
the NTP Executive Committee. I
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
state and local
L.A. dailies ponder challenge to new media tax
Daily newspapers in Los Angeles in late
November were undecided whether to
seek court action to overturn a new media
tax imposed by the City Council that could
net the city $1.2 million a year.
But the newspapers have no indecision
on one point-the tax, they say, is discrimi-
natory and therefore unconstitutional.
The tax could cost the Los Angeles
Times an estimated $532,000 a year, the
Herald Examiner $97,000 and the Daily
News $29,000, according to Thomas R.
Sisson, a chief administrative analyst for
the city administrative officer.
While the newspapers are not saying
what action they might take against the
tax, Michael B. Dorais, general manager
and general counsel of the California
Newspaper Publishers Association, issued
a statement saying he "believe(s) it is a
foregone conclusion that local publishers
will challenge the ordinance."
H. Randall Stoke, an attorney represent-
ing the Southern California Broadcasters'
Association, said he has advised his client
to "institute legal action."
News organizations argue that the tax is
discriminatory and unconstitutional be-
cause it does not include motion picture
producers, who also are part of an industry
protected by the First Amendment.
"The Los Angeles Times is willing to pay
a valid tax that is fair and equitable," said
Robert C. Lobdell, Times vice president
and general counsel. However, he said
this particular tax "clearly discriminates
against newspapers and broadcasters,
and is unconstitutional."
Zev Yaroslavsky, chairman of the coun-
cil's finance and revenue committee, who
supports the bill, disagrees.
"What was discriminatory was the prior
situation where a segment of the business
community was not paying," he said, refer-
ring to the fact that this bill actually repeals
a business-tax exemption for the media
that has been in effect since 1949.
The new tax on newspapers and broad-
casters will be based on gross receipts, as
it is for most other businesses in Los An-
geles. The media are to pay $1.25 per
$1,000 of gross receipts-the second low-
est rate in the city.
The council approved the tax Nov. 16 by
an 11-3 vote: a similar tax was defeated
last year, 8-7 [presstime, Jan. 1983, p.
17]. 1'
Smoking rules approved in two cities
San Franciscans, by a wisp of a margin,
have voted to restrict smoking in office
work places. But if the decision was close,
the actions it triggers will be much more
definitive.
Employers in San Francisco have until
March 1 to draft a smoking policy accom-
modating the preferences of both smokers
and non-smokers. On Nov. 21 the Board of
Supervisors certified the results of the
Nov. 8 referendum, in which the tally was
80,740 in favor of the restriction, 79,481
against. The ordinance became effective
Dec. 1.
If non-smokers are dissatisfied with their
employer's arrangement and want smok-
ing banned, employers must honor their
wishes or face fines of up to $500 a day.
Elizabeth A. (Betty) Cutter, personnel
manager of the San Francisco Newspaper
Agency-the company that handles non-
editorial functions for the San Francisco
Chronicle and the San Francisco Exam-
iner-said the company is drafting a pol-
icy.
The San Francisco ordinance is similar
to one that went into effect Nov. 3 in Palo
Alto, Calif. The ordinance there, which was
approved in a vote of the city council rather
than in a referendum, prohibits smoking in
all meeting and conference rooms, re-
quires that two-thirds of cafeteria space be
designated a no-smoking area, and stipu-
lates that in every controversy between
smokers and non-smokers the rights of
non-smokers will prevail.
"Two and a half years ago we divided
our cafeteria in half for smokers and non-
smokers," noted Dennis L. Kennelly, direc-
tor of employee relations for the Peninsula
Times Tribune in Palo Alto. "Now we will
have to do some rearranging."
Kennelly said that by the end of January,
all employers must have a written non-
smoking policy defining each employee's
work area. "This mean that if an employ-
ee's work station encompasses 10 or 15
feet, the employee can put up a sign ban-
ning smoking in that area," Kennelly said.
He and other employer representatives
were to meet in late November with the city
attorney to discuss how the law will be
enforced.
Some newspapers have voluntarily
taken steps to mitigate the effects of smok-
ing in offices [presstime, July 1982, p.
59]. f
Illinois adopts FOI act
The Illinois Senate Nov. 2 agreed with
Gov. James R. Thompson's changes in an
FOI bill that had been passed by the legis-
lature [presstime, Nov. 1983. p. 15].
That hurdle having been cleared. Illinois
had its first Freedom of Information Act. i 1
Ohio proposal sets
standards for VDTs
A bill has been introduced in the Ohio
General Assembly to provide "minimum"
health and safety standards for the opera-
tion of video display terminals.
The bill would require employers to:
? Provide operators with adjustable
chairs and tables
? Eliminate glare from windows by
drapes or blinds of a type specified by the
state's Department of Industrial Relations
? Reduce noise in the work place
? Provide free eye examinations and
eyeglasses if needed
? Offer alternate employment to preg-
nant operators and not reduce their pay
because of a transfer from VDT work.
Employers also would be prohibited
from using a VDT to monitor the productiv-
ity of an operator.
The bill states that employers "may" au-
thorize "if feasible" 15-minute work breaks
for each hour of continuous VDT work
"provided the operator is willing to perform
other comparable work" during the 1 5-min-
ute period.
The legislation was introduced at the
urging of Local 925 of the Service Employ-
ees International Union.
Maine and Connecticut have passed
bills creating VDT safety study commis-
sions [presstime, July 1983, p. 27]. I
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
telecommunications
All eyes are on Viewtron screen test
By Margaret Genovese
presstime staff writer
If the countdown was closely watched,
the actual orbiting is going to be even more
so. That much was made clear in the first
month following the launch of Viewtron,
the telephone-based videotex service of
Knight-Ridder Newspapers Inc.
After more than six years of research
and development. Viewtron began com-
mercial operation Oct. 30 in South Florida
[presstime, Nov. 1983, p. 35].
It is the first U.S. commercial videotex
service with full color and graphics aimed
at the consumer market. And by the end of
next year, Knight-Ridder will have invested
$29 million in it.
Whether the project will stay aloft or
tumble to the ground for lack of profitability
is the major question being asked by those
monitoring the service.
"There isn't anybody who isn't looking at
it," said ANPA Director Telecommuni-
cations Affairs Kathleen Criner. "In the
minds of many people, if this doesn't work,
there may not be a market for these kinds
of services."
However, Criner cautioned against
jumping to conclusions in a few weeks or
even a year about the feasibility of vide-
otex technology, which is basically a two-
way electronic exchange of text and or
graphic information using telephone lines
or cable television as the conduit.
So far, there is little information on which
even to speculate.
Viewdata Corp. of America Inc., the
Knight-Ridder subsidiary that operates the
service, has not released the number of
subscribers signed up in the first weeks of
operation and won't even provide that in-
formation to Viewtron advertisers for at
least six months, according to Morton
Goldstrom III, marketing director. The
company's goal is 5.000 subscribers in the
first year.
Nor is usage data being released pub-
licly According to Viewdata spokeswoman
Mary C. Bulterman, there are two reasons
for this:
First, Viewdata does not want to give the
information to potential competitors. Two
are poised on the launch pad: Times Mirror
Sean and Heather Markham, children of Miami Herald writer Wayne S. Markham, push View-
tron buttons as the nation's first full videotex service begins in the Sunshine State.
Co., scheduled to begin its Gateway video-
tex service in Orange County. Calif.. in
mid-1984: and KEYCOM Electronic Pub-
lishing, a joint venture of Field Enterprises
Inc., Centel Corp. and Honeywell Inc.,
scheduled to begin its KEYFAX Interactive
Information Service in Chicago April 15.
Second, Viewdata has agreements with
six other newspaper companies to provide
research data and training for the launch of
Viewtron in 12 markets where those com-
panies publish newspapers.
Because they will have the information,
whether those companies start to move on
their own Viewtron projects will be a "good
tip-off" as to whether things are falling into
place for Viewtron, says media analyst J.
Kendrick Noble, first vice president of
Paine Webber Mitchell Hutchins Inc. "At
the moment. I am betting that that, in fact,
takes place," he said.
Plans also call for Viewtron to be offered
in five other markets where Knight-Ridder
owns newspapers, a situation parallel to
South Florida where the company pub-
lishes The Miami Herald. Bulterman said
the roll-out in those other locations will not
begin until after the first year of operation
in South Florida.
Consumer information. In order to
subscribe to Viewtron, consumers need a
Sceptre terminal manufactured by AT&T.
Currently, Sceptre is the only device that
can be used to call up Viewtron informa-
tion, although Viewdata has sold "calibra-
tion packages" to about 20 companies that
enable them to determine whether their
terminals might be able to receive View-
tron.
Consumers install the units themselves.
The terminal hardware consists of a 13-by-
11-inch control unit, which attaches to the
home television set and to the telephone
line, plus a cordless, hand-held keypad.
The fact that Viewtron is a telephone-
based system means that anyone with a
telephone, a television and a Sceptre ter-
minal can subscribe to the service.
Viewtron instructions and a subscriber
identification number and password come
with the terminal.
A free, one-month subscription also is
provided.
To start the Viewtron viewing process, a
consumer-using the keypad with its type-
writer-like keyboard enters the company-
provided ID number and password and the
proper billing information Viewtron s subs-
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
telecommunications
cription fee is $12 a month, and Southern
Bell charges an additional fee of about $1
an hour for using the telephone line for
Viewtron.
At launch, Viewtron's data base con-
tained about 75,000 frames of information
in 14 categories: news, sports, money,
education, games, shopping, messages,
health, food and dining, entertainment,
home and family, travel, classifieds and
reference. A bank-at-home service will be
added in mid-January.
AT&T and Viewdata were partners in a
1980-81 field test of Viewtron in Coral Ga-
bles, Fla., and now they are jointly market-
ing the service throughout South Florida.
Viewdata alone is spending $1.5 million on
advertising and marketing.
Advertising includes newspaper and TV
ads and point-of-purchase displays in re-
tail stores where Sceptre terminals are
available.
Direct mail also is being used to reach
Viewtron's target audience-persons 25 to
49 years of age who earn more than
$35,000 a year. The ads invite people to
seminars held in Sceptre-stocked stores;
about 70 such seminars are expected to
be conducted in South Florida by the end
of this year.
Currently, 31 stores sell the terminals-
AT&T Phone Centers, VideoConcepts out-
lets, ComputerLand outlets and Burdines
department stores.
Margaret A. Cathcart, staff manager for
AT&T consumer products, said Sceptre
sales were "going well," but company pol-
icy prohibited disclosure of specific figures.
The Sceptre terminal can also be used
to gain access to three other electronic
information services, Cathcart said. They
are the Dow Jones News/Retrieval service,
CompuServe and The Source. It also will
be used for Times Mirror's Gateway ser-
vice.
The terminal, which regularly costs
$900, is being sold in South Florida at a
special price of $600.
David J. Shay, director of merchandise
for a major Burdines store in a South
Miami shopping mall, said he is "very
pleased" with customer response, which
he termed "overwhelming."
In the first three weeks after Viewtron's
launch, "more than 100" Sceptre terminals
were sold in his store, Shay said, exceed-
ing his company's projections. "We think it
will be a great Christmas item."
Once subscribers are signed onto the
Viewtron service, retaining them is being
given a high priority, according to spokes-
woman Bulterman. Among the Viewtron
staff of about 180 is a "fairly large" cus-
tomer service staff.
Bulterman said these employees are try-
ing to avoid the kind of "horror stories"
associated with some cable TV services.
Viewtron's customer-service phone lines
are staffed from 9 a.m. to midnight, seven
days a week, to answer any question a
Viewtron subscriber may have.
Subscribers also can request assistance
via Viewtron's "electronic mail," sending-
and-receiving capability.
House acts to block telephone access fees
The House of Representatives Nov. 10
passed telecommunications legislation
that would block new telephone fees the
Federal Communications Commission
wants to impose as part of the AT&T dives-
titure Jan. 1.
Among those fees are a $2-monthly
charge for residential phones and a $6-
monthly charge for business phones for
access to long-distance service.
ANPA in late November was analyzing
the bill, HR 4102, especially for its provi-
sions that would impose additional fees on
the use of technology to save money by
bypassing local phone networks. Such
"bypass" fees might be imposed on such
systems as microwave links newspapers
have with satellite printing plants [press-
time, Nov. 1983, p. 37].
In a related development, ANPA in late
November filed comments with the FCC in
support of major wire services that have
objected to proposed tariffs filed by local
operating companies. The new rates
would result in substantially higher bills for
the wires.
ANPA also filed comments objecting to a
contention by one of the Bell operating
companies that the local company should
be allowed to provide any kind of public-
service announcement.
Bell Atlantic made the statement in re-
sponse to a decision by Judge Harold H.
Greene of the U.S. District Court for the
District of Columbia. Greene said that
under the 1983 consent decree setting
forth terms for the divestiture, local operat-
ing companies may be able to provide time
and weather services. The consent decree
does not specifically address that point.
Bell Atlantic said it would like to provide
time and weather but claimed it also
should be allowed to provide other forms
of announcements.
Going after advertising. Other View-
tron staffers are involved in editing, de-
signing the frames of information,
marketing and advertising sales.
Viewtron has four-person advertising
sales offices in New York and Chicago.
The service has 150 advertisers either
already on the service or in the process of
being put on, Bulterman reported. Sub-
scribers can use Viewtron to order mer-
chandise from about two-thirds of them.
One major advertiser that participated in
the 14-month Coral Gables test but is not
currently using the new medium is Sears.
"It's possible that we could be involved at
some later date," said Ronald L. Ram-
seyer, Sears' national catalog advertising
manager. "It's kind of an expensive thing to
do for such a small sample."
Viewtron charges $1 per frame of infor-
mation per week to keep advertising in its
data base, plus additional charges for
frame production and input [presstime,
March 1983, p. 21].
The electronic orders reach advertisers
in two different ways. In the case of J.C.
Penney, for instance, there is an electronic
"gateway" arrangement that links Viewtron
computers to computers located at Pen-
ney offices in Atlanta. In the other in-
stance, such as with Burdines department
stores, orders are transmitted to a View-
tron terminal in the store.
How has business been for Viewtron
advertisers in the early going? "Actually
pretty good, considering it's only been live
on the market three or four weeks," re-
ported Kim Hunter, state coordinator for
Select-a-Seat, a company that sells tickets
for concerts, sporting events and theatrical
productions throughout South Florida.
She said 25 to 30 orders had been
placed through Viewtron, with tickets-per-
order ranging from two to six.
Harry Milsen, whose Miami Beach florist
shop is one of several on the service, said
he got about a half-dozen orders through-
Viewtron in the first three weeks of opera-
tion. ^
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
telecommunications
Cable TV start-ups
show decline
since peak in 1982
Newspapers' recent rush into cable TV
programming may have peaked in 1982,
according to a survey of daily newspapers
in the United States and Canada involved
in cable television. The survey was con-
ducted by ANPA and the Newspaper Ad-
vertising Bureau.
Of 68 newspapers that responded that
they currently are engaged in cable TV
programming, one started in 1978, five in
1979, 10 in 1980, 13 in 1981 and 31 in
1982. However, in July 1983, when the
survey was taken, only eight reported
starting operations this year.
ANPA Director/Telecommunications Af-
fairs Kathleen Criner suggested three rea-
sons for the apparent decline in start-ups.
First, newspapers may have re-exam-
ined their options and selected other tech-
nologies such as videotex or so-called
"public access videotex" where terminals
are placed in shopping malls and hotels.
Second, newspapers may not see a
business opportunity in cable program-
ming because "there aren't any really
overwhelming success stories."
And, third, newspapers that want to be
cable programmers may not be able to
work out an arrangement with cable
system operators.
The survey found that 11 newspapers
said their cable services are currently
profitable. Criner said although this
number is small, she views it as a positive
finding. She added that prior to the com-
pletion of the survey she had "no verifica-
tion that any of them were profitable."
The survey was conducted of the 158
U.S. and Canadian dailies that said, in
response to an earlier survey, that they
were participating in or planning cable
operations [presstime, April 1983, p. 16].
Only three newspapers known to be acti-
vely programming cable did not respond.
The two survey-sponsoring organizations
will issue a final report on their findings.
Forty-five newspapers said that in five
years they expect to be conducting a
profitable cable venture; 15 said they ex-
pect to upgrade their service to a videotex
operation; and 20 said they expect to up-
grade to teletext. ^
Telecommunications notes
Skyband Inc., controlled by publisher
Rupert Murdoch, announced that it will
delay beginning its direct broadcast satel-
lite service until 1985. Originally, the ser-
vice was to have begun this fall.
Among the reasons given for the post-
ponement was a desire to use a new, more
powerful type of satellite so that receiving
dishes could be smaller [presstime, Oct.
1983, p. 23].
The first U.S. DBS service began Nov.
15. The United Satellite Communications
Inc. system initially is delivering five chan-
nels of programming to the Indianapolis
area. It uses an existing satellite.
The Federal Communications Commis-
sion Nov. 8 said that the federal govern-
ment, not states and localities, have
regulatory authority over satellite master
antenna systems. Typically, these
systems deliver programming via satellite
to receiving dishes on top of apartment
buildings. The signal is then carried by
cable to the individual dwelling units.
In another ruling, the FCC said states
and localities cannot regulate rates for pay
TV services on cable television. They may,
however, regulate rates for basic service.
The House Telecommunications Sub-
committee Nov. 16 approved and sent to
the full Energy and Commerce Committee
a cable-TV regulatory bill. Four provi-
sions that ANPA committees said they op-
posed in the bill as introduced by
Subcommittee Chairman Timothy D. Wirth
(D-Colo.) remained in the legislation
[presstime, Nov. 1983, p. 15]. These
provisions would prohibit newspapers from
owning cable systems in the same com-
munity, allow government ownership of
cable systems, require cable system oper-
ators to provide leased access to some
cable channels and restrict the collection
and use of cable subscriber information.
Three California newspaper companies
have announced plans to launch an agri-
business videotex service in late 1984.
"Grassroots California" will be operated
as a joint venture by Videotex America, an
affiliate of The Times Mirror Co., parent of
the Los Angeles Times; McClatchy
Newspapers, publishers of the Bee
newspapers in Sacramento, Fresno and
Modesto; and TBC Inc., publisher of The
Bakersfield Californian.
Harris Enterprises Inc. has expanded its
telephone-based, videotex service. Now
called "Harris Electronic News," the ser-
vice started in July 1982 as "Agritext," a
Hutchinson, Kan.-based service aimed pri-
marily at a farmer and agribusiness market
[presstime, July 1982, p. 28].
It recently established a second office in
the Kansas City, Mo., suburb of Olathe,
Kan., and has increased its data base to
include additional business news and fi-
nancial information, and, for Kansas City
subscribers, news and information about
that area.
Knight-Ridder Newspapers Inc. plans to
purchase a 50-percent interest in mobile
telephone systems in 15 cities. The FCC
has approved Knight-Ridder's agreement
to acquire half of TelAir Network Miami,
and requests for acquisitions in the other
14 cities are pending before the commis-
sion.
TelAir operates so-called "specialized
mobile radio" services that provide direct-
dial telephone service for cars and boats in
the 15 cities. SMR is similar in function to
the new cellular radio service, but the two
services use different technologies and
frequencies.
Time Inc. ended its experimental tele-
text project and decided not to launch a
commercial service. Time had been exper-
imenting with teletext over cable TV
systems in Orlando, Fla., and San Diego
[presstime, Oct. 1983, p. 23].
A Warner Communications Inc. spokes-
man had "no comment" on a story pub-
lished in The Washington Post that said
the company is planning a "home informa-
tion and entertainment project that would
for the first time offer consumers full two-
way video services." ^
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
news-editorial
Initial Grenada reaction misleading
Public backed blackout? Polls inconclusive
By Neil D. Swan and C. David Rambo
presstime staff writers
After initial reports showed the public
siding with the Reagan administration-
and against the media-over government
control of news of the Grenada invasion, it
appears that a respectable percentage of
Americans do share the concerns of those
in the press about First Amendment rights.
The media critics jumped on the issue
right away. They loudly praised the Presi-
dent and the victory and got in their licks at
the media on talk shows and elsewhere,"
said Floyd Abrams, a New York attorney
specializing in press and broadcast rights
issues. "But when we got a more serious,
more scientific polling of opinion, we find
the public much more sympathetic toward
this question (press freedom) than it first
appeared."
While the results of two polls appear
somewhat contradictory, they at least
show that public support for a news black-
out was less widespread than initially
feared by many First Amendment experts.
And most Americans opposed any future
blackouts of this sort.
In Congress, a measure to limit news
controls passed the Senate as an amend-
ment to the debt ceiling bill but was
dropped in a conference with the House as
the session wound to an end.
In the meantime, leaders of a number of
press organizations, including ANPA,
scheduled a joint session to discuss the
denial of reporter access to early Grenada
operations and its potential future impact
on the relations of journalists, the govern-
ment and the military. Also, a high-level
commission of news representatives and
military officers was created by the Penta-
gon to examine these issues.
In the hectic first days after the Oct. 25
surprise invasion, with highly unusual
news controls in effect, it appeared as if
millions of Americans were willing, if not
pleased, to see the media denied access
to news from Grenada. Many seemed
eager to gloat at the frustrations and pro-
tests of the reporters, editors, newspapers
and TV networks.
In those first days, evidence of the pub-
lic's general support for the White House
and the Pentagon mounted, much of it
through the broadcast media:
? By a 4-1 majority, viewers responding
to a phone-in news-comment show on Ca-
ble Network News told CNN's Daniel
Schorr they applauded the news blackout.
? Listener phone-in response to the na-
tionwide Larry King Show on the Mutual
Broadcast System ran 75-25 in favor of the
government and against the media. Lis-
tener response to local talk shows in many
cities was similar.
? Mail to TV networks was overwhel-
mingly-perhaps 10 to 1-in support of the
administration's muzzling of the media,
according to testimony before a House
subcommittee.
? Letters-to-the-editor columns and
man-in-the-street interview stories in many
newspapers expressed strong support of
news curbs. One Washington Post reader
wrote, "Thoughtful citizens everywhere are
rejoicing in the liberal press's discomfiture
about the way the Reagan administration
and the Defense Department 'controlled
the news."'
The mood of the public was felt at the
White House, where Chief of Staff James
A. Baker III told the Los Angeles Times
that "a large majority of the American
people support" a press blackout on Gre-
nada.
Representatives of the nation's media
were saddened at their first appraisal of
public response.
Former CBS news anchor Walter Cron-
kite told a Tonight Show audience he was
"disappointed" at the public's failure to rec-
ognize the ominous nature of the news-
control efforts.
Because of the widespread anti-media
views reported in publications nationwide,
Tennessee editor Richard D. Smyser com-
mented, "I share the chill that runs through
any conscientious newsperson. Unfortu-
nately, people don't understand the First
Amendment, and that scares me."
Smyser, editor of The Oak Ridger of
Oak Ridge, Tenn., and vice president of
the American Society of Newspaper Edi-
tors, said it was apparent that the Presi-
dent and his advisors have "no intellectual
concern for the reason of the First Amend-
ment." He said their focus is on the metho-
dology of the press-persistent re-
porters constantly poking around for infor-
mation, sometimes to the irritation of gov-
ernment officials-and not in terms of the
"checks and balances of an informed pub-
lic."
Judith D. Hines, vice president and di-
rector of ANPA Foundation and a member
of the First Amendment Congress, said
lack of public support "says we (the press)
haven't done our job well enough" in edu-
cating the public about the virtues of free-
dom of the press.
But then, after the passage of time and
the belated beginning of on-the-scene
news reports from the tiny Caribbean is-
land nation, the picture began to change.
In some areas, a second generation of
letters-to-the-editor began to appear, chid-
ing the first crop of letter writers for their
haste in approving news-muzzling. And
then came results from a national poll de-
signed scientifically to test public opinion
on the issue.
A Washington Post-ABC News national
poll showed that a plurality of the American
public thought the government was wrong
in restricting Grenadan coverage.
In response to the question, "Would you
say the U.S. government has tried to con-
trol news reports out of Grenada more
than it should or not?," 48 percent of res-
pondents said yes, 38 percent said no, and
14 percent were undecided. The Nov. 3-7
telephone poll contacted 1,505 people se-
lected from a random sample.
A poll by the Los Angeles Times found
somewhat different results. The Times
poll, taken Nov. 12-17, found 41 percent
disapproved of the Grenada blackout (ver-
sus 48 percent in the Post-ABC poll), 52
percent approved (versus 38 percent) and
7 percent did not know (versus 14 per-
cent).
But by a 2-1 margin, those polled by the
Times said they opposed the notion of the
blackout's becoming a precedent for future
combat operations. Sixty-three percent
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
news-editorial
THE PEOPLE NAVE THERIGNT TO KNOW' You SAID! IT'S OUR JOURNALISTIC RE".
SIBILITY TO PRINT GEN. CUSTEXS PLPN TO CAME TO LITTLE BIG HORN', YOU SAID!
Most newspaper editorials and cartoons showered protests on gov-
ernment news control in Grenada, such as the example at right. But
a few, like the cartoon above, were sympathetic toward blackout.
said they opposed such restrictions in the
future, 28 percent approved and 9 percent
did not know.
In its poll of 2,004 adult Americans na-
tionwide, the Times also found that by a 4-
1 margin, the public believes journalists
who accompany combat troops perform a
necessary service.
CNN's Schorr said he was not overly
surprised at the polls indicating much
stronger public criticism of news control
than his phone-in segment had indicated.
"It's a matter of the sample," he said. "I did
not conduct a poll. I provided an outlet for
those who volunteered an opinion; those
with a strong opinion."
Attorney Abrams, who has argued me-
dia rights cases before the Supreme Court
and written extensively on the issue, said
he was pleased by the Post-ABC poll re-
sults.
"The administration, for all its pleasure
at the public support it saw for news con-
trols, must feel a bit bruised at the near-
unanimity of the media criticism it is receiv-
ing," he said.
"News blockade." Numerous press or-
ganizations, including ANPA, the Ameri-
can Society of Newspaper Editors, and the
Society of Professional Journalists, Sigma
Delta Chi, strongly protested what ANPA
called the "news blockade."
On Oct. 27, ANPA issued a sharp mes-
sage, saying, "Such actions to keep the
correspondents of a free press from serv-
ing the information needs of a free society
are unprecedented and intolerable."
Jerry W. Friedheim, ANPA executive
vice president and a former assistant se-
cretary of defense for public affairs, said
the Association "urges the President and
the Congress to immediately investigate
how this public information fiasco occurred
and to renounce the policy of secret wars
hidden from the American people." (See
essay, p. 30.)
In a follow-up letter, ANPA Chairman
and President William C. Marcil and ASNE
President Creed C. Black asked President
Reagan to meet with a small group of edi-
tors and publishers on the news control
issue.
While there had been no reply to that
request by late November, leaders of edi-
tors and publishers groups planned their
own meeting. Black and Marcil called a
special meeting for Nov. 30 in Washington
for the presidents or senior representa-
tives of ANPA, ASNE, the Associated
Press Managing Editors Association, the
Associated Press, United Press Interna-
tional, the Reporters Committee for Free-
dom of the Press and SPJ,SDX to discuss
the government news blackout and possi-
ble consensus responses.
In a response to the media protests,
Defense Secretary Caspar W. Weinberger
and Army Gen. John W. Vessey Jr., chair-
man of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, asked
Winant Sidle to head a commission to in-
vestigate ways the press could be accom-
modated on any future military missions.
Sidle, a retired Army major general, is
AND THAT'S THE WAY IT IS,
oN THE ALL-NEW, ALL-GOVLRNMENT NEWS NETWORK.
THIS IS LARRY SPEAKES FOR "BELIEVE IT OR ELSE."
BE SURE To STAY TUNED NOW
FOR "BEAT THE PRLSS",
FOLLOWED BY AN IN-DEPTH LOOK AT THE
THINKING BEHIND U.S. FOREIGN POLICY
ON "W-SECONDS"
THIS STATION'S MINUTE OF SILENCE.
NTWI. Ltrt
arIN LUltrSMCAth*.L
public relations director of Martin Marietta
Corp., a major defense contractor. His
commission is to be comprised of journal-
ists and military personnel.
Sidle told presstime the commission
will probably have 16 to 20 members. After
appointments are made, he hopes meet-
ings will begin early in 1984. Recommen-
dations will be sent to the Pentagon on
improving media-military relations, particu-
larly in times of crisis, but no timetable has
been established, he said.
Joining in the press organizations' pro-
tests were dozens of newspapers.
Typical of the editorial-page criticism
was that of The Daily World of Opelousas,
La. It questioned why Reagan would ex-
clude "firsthand reports going back to
America. It now appears to have been an
attempt by the administration to paint the
invasion as a painless rescue mission in
which American soldiers are glamorized to
perfection.... We must never be denied
the pains of war. That would make war too
easy."
The New York Times described as
"feeble" the Reagan administration's rea-
sons for barring the press for the first two
days of the invasion: danger to journalists,
"military necessity," and Defense Secre-
tary Weinberger's assertion that he
"wouldn't ever dream of overriding a com-
mander's decision" to keep reporters away
from the scene.
"If some general does not understand
the big principle at stake here, then civilian
commanders-like the secretary of de-
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
news-editorial
fense-surely should," the Times said.
"The principle is not hard to grasp. It's not
a case of accommodating a few hundred
reporters or their employers. It's a case of
responsibility to 235 million Americans
who depend on those reporters."
But the press's condemnation of the
government's clampdown on information
was not unanimous. Some papers de-
fended the government's actions.
For example, the Richmond (Va.)
Times-Dispatch said it did not go along
with outrage expressed by so many other
papers because "we are more concerned
about the security of our country and of the
men and women who fight for it."
Another conservative daily, The Wash-
ington Times, said that freedom of the
press is "not an absolute. It is ... part of an
interlocking network of constitutional de-
vices designed to insure the survival of our
democracy, designed to shield our free-
doms."
At least one news organization was con-
sidering filing a First Amendment lawsuit
over the government's handling of the sit-
uation, but by press time none had done
so. Such a suit was filed, however, in the
U.S. District Court for the District of Colum-
bia by the publisher of Hustler, a sex mag-
U.S. assists in revival
of newspaper in Grenada
A privately owned press returned to Gre-
nada Nov. 19 with the revival of a news-
paper whose editors were jailed in 1981 by
the socialist government of recently mur-
dered Prime Minister Maurice Bishop. Pro-
duction of the Grenadian Voice was
assisted by American military forces.
"The price is only one dollar, with no jail
afterward," said Editor Leslie Pierre as he
hawked copies in downtown St. George's.
A front-page editorial offered President
Reagan the newspaper's "Order of Valor"
for ordering what it called a "rescue mis-
sion."
The United States provided some type-
setting equipment and flew the copy
aboard military transport planes to Barba-
dos for printing and then back again for
distribution.
Bishop had jailed journalists, shut down
publications and lectured that "an indepen-
dent press is a tool to challenge the revolu-
tionary process." ^
APME names panel to probe
newspaper credibility issue
The Associated Press Managing Editors
Association has formed a new committee
to examine the credibility of newspapers.
The Credibility Committee, which was
established during the organization's 49th
annual convention Nov. 1-4 in Louisville,
will "deal with the problem of sloppy report-
ing and inaccuracies in print," said Ted M.
Natt, editor and publisher of The Daily
News, Longview, Wash. Natt was elected
APME president at the convention.
In another development there, Robert H.
Giles, editor of the Democrat & Chronicle
and Times-Union of Rochester, N.Y., re-
ported on a survey showing that nearly
four of every 10 editors believe they have a
job-related health problem. The study, a
follow-up to a similar project in 1979, found
that inability to sleep was the most fre-
quently cited health problem.
Detailed reports by APME committees
also were released during the convention.
The committees and the chairmen that
produced them are:
? Modern Living: Richard B. Tuttle,
Star-Gazette Sunday Telegram, Elmira,
N.Y.
? Business & Economics: Alan Moyer,
The Arizona Republic, Phoenix
? Newsroom Management: Larry Ful-
ler, Argus Leader, Sioux Falls, S.D.
? Citations: Jennifer Allen, The Com-
mercial Dispatch, Columbus, Miss.
? Minorities: George R. Blake, The Cin-
cinnati Enquirer
? Photo & Graphics: C. Donald Hat-
field, Herald-Dispatch, Huntington, W.Va.
? State News: Jack E. Howey, Nixon
Newspapers Inc., Peru, Ind.
? Sports Study: Drake Mabry, The Des
Moines Register
? Writing and Editing (three reports-
"Libel and Invasion of Privacy Manual,"
"Editors in the Electronic Age" and "A
Note-Writer's Index"): Trueman E. Farris
Jr., Milwaukee Sentinel
? Freedom of Information: The Miami
News
? Telecommunications and Techno-
logy: Thomas W. Jobson, The Asbury
(N.J.) Park Press
? Changing Newspaper (two reports-
"A Report on Sunday Magazines" and "A
Look at USA Today"): David Halvorsen,
San Francisco Examiner
? Professional Standards: Ralph
Langer, The Dallas Morning News
? Media Competition: Philip Bookman,
Stockton (Calif.) Record
? General News: Gene Foreman, The
Philadelphia Inquirer
? Foreign News: Robert J. Cochnar,
San Jose (Calif.) Mercury-News
? P.M. Newspaper: Robert W. Ritter,
The Olympian, Olympia, Wash.
? Journalism Education: Lawrence K.
Beaupre, Times-Union, Rochester
? 50th Anniversary History: William F.
Cento, St. Paul (Minn.) Dispatch.
Limited quantities of the reports are
available from the ANPA Public Affairs De-
partment.
Besides Natt, the convention also
elected Michael J. Davies of The Hartford
Courant, vice president; James F. Daubel
of The News-Messenger, Fremont, Ohio,
secretary; and W. Howard Eanes of the
Augusta (Ga.) Chronicle, treasurer. ^
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
news-editorial
SPJ, SDX fund drive will seek
$2.4 million for new programs
The Society of Professional Journalists,
Sigma Delta Chi, has decided to expand
its programs and services-including es-
tablishment and op-
eration of an In-
stitute for Profes-
sional Journalism-
through a new fund-
raising program.
"We decided that
we have got to get
out of the strait-
jacket of relying en-
tirely on member-
ship dues," said in-
Phil J. Record coming President
Phil J. Record, associate executive editor
of the Fort Worth Star-Telegram.
The initial goal, approved by the soci-
ety's board of directors during the
SPJ,SDX convention Nov. 9-13 in San
Francisco, is to raise $600,000 from
members over and above dues. Record
said the campaign then will attempt to
raise another $1.8 million over the next
three years from media corporations and
large foundations that are interested in
free-press matters.
For the most part, the extra money
would be earmarked for the IPJ, which
would serve as an umbrella for seven ma-
jor projects: a journalism fellowship pro-
gram, a visiting editors' program in which
smaller media companies would be able to
benefit from the expertise of well-known
editors, a full-time continuing-education
coordinator, fellowships for Third World
journalists, an additional $100,000 annual
allotment for The Quill magazine, more
continuing-education regional conferences
and an increase in the programs of local
and campus chapters.
Tentatively at least, the IPJ would be
located in Chicago, where the society is
based.
Also with money raised in the fund drive,
SPJ,SDX wants to establish a Freedom of
Information Center with a full-time staff
director in Washington, D.C., Record said.
The center would serve as a permanent
home for data on FOI and free-press is-
sues.
Lastly, the organization plans to expand
its Education and Public Awareness Pro-
gram, which attempts to educate the public
about free-press concerns.
These and other activities will require
SPJ,SDX to hire a full-time fund-raiser,
and a search is underway for such a per-
son, Record added.
In other business at the 74th annual
convention:
? Record was elected 1983-84 presi-
dent, succeeding Steven R. Dornfeld,
Washington correspondent of Knight-Rid-
der Newspapers Inc.
Other officers elected were Frank Su-
therland, managing editor of the Hatties-
burg (Miss.) American, president-elect;
Robert Lewis, Newhouse Newspapers
Inc., Washington, D.C., secretary; and
Robert H. Wills, editor of The Milwaukee
Sentinel, treasurer.
? The society released two compre-
hensive reports. The 1983 Journalism
Ethics Report, produced in cooperation
with Capital Cities Communications Inc.
and Montgomery Newspapers of Fort
Washington, Pa., held that today's news
executives are more reluctant than their
counterparts of a decade ago to permit
staff members to accept free trips, gifts
and favors. The 1983-84 Freedom of Infor-
mation Report, produced in cooperation
with Gannett News Service, reviewed ma-
jor free-press cases of the past year.
Copies of both publications are avail-
able from the society at 840 N. Lake Shore
Drive, Suite 801 West, Chicago, Ill.
60611. ^
AP to launch new service
carrying sports statistics
The Associated Press will launch a new
service called Special Sports Statistics to
satisfy increasing demand for so-called
"agate" matter.
The supplemental wire, carrying de-
tailed statistics and other data unavailable
on traditional AP sports wires, will be deliv-
ered via satellite at 1,200 words per mi-
nute, starting Dec. 1. The material will be
sent unjustified so that newspapers "can
mold it to fit their own specific needs," the
wire service said. ^
TV reporter Byron Barnett, cameraman John
Thompson broadcast from newsroom of
Lawrence Eagle-Tribune.
5 papers, TV station
establish unique
news sharing co-op
Five Massachusetts daily newspapers
and a Boston television station have
launched a highly unusual news coopera-
tive called the New England News Ex-
change. Under the arrangement,
newspaper and TV reporters can tap the
knowledge and expertise of one another.
The station, WNEV-TV, has rented
space and set up two-person bureaus at
the Lawrence Eagle-Tribune, The Middle-
sex News of Framingham, The Patriot
Ledger of Quincy, the Worcester Telegram
and The Evening Gazette of Worcester.
Besides the mutual benefit of sharing
information, the newspapers also benefit
from being mentioned in the newscasts as
sources of information, noted Kenneth J.
Botty, editor of the Worcester dailies.
Daniel J. Warner, editor of the Lawrence
paper, echoed this view. "Our readers are
impressed," he said. "They see us as
larger than they saw us before."
Warner said that the exchange, which
began in mid-October, is working well. In
fact, "we're getting more help from them
(the TV station) than I thought we'd get."
WNEV tipped off the Eagle-Tribune on the
name of a local victim in the bombing of
the U.S. Marine outpost in Lebanon.
WNEV spokeswoman Robin Reibel said
two other television stations plan to join the
exchange, WLNE of Providence. R.I., and
WFSB of Hartford, Conn. I
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
news-editorial news research
U.S. marshal poses as reporter,
prompting complaints, `inquiry'
The Justice Department is conducting
an inquiry into an incident in Athens, Ga.,
in which a deputy U.S. marshal posed as a
reporter. The investigation was sought by
four Athens newspapers.
The incident took place Oct. 14 in the
Athens office of the Progressive Resource
Center, a clearinghouse for certain citi-
zens' groups. Two marshals went there to
serve a summons on a member of an or-
ganization planning to hold a demonstra-
tion at the nearby Savannah River Plant,
where fuel for nuclear weapons is pro-
duced. The summons was for a hearing on
a request for an injunction to stop the pro-
test.
In the process of trying to identify the
person to whom the court papers were
addressed, one of the marshals said he
was a reporter from Greenville, S.C.
Following the incident, a letter of protest
was sent to U.S. Attorney General William
French Smith by Robert W. Chambers,
publisher of The Athens Banner-Herald
and Daily News; Rollin M. McCommons,
publisher of The Athens Observer, a
weekly newspaper; and Charles H. Rus-
sell, general manager of The Red and
Black, the University of Georgia daily.
Also protesting the action were the local
chapters of the Society of Professional
Journalists, Sigma Delta Chi, and the
American Civil Liberties Union.
A spokesman for the U.S. Marshals
Service, which is part of the Justice De-
partment, said that the practice is not ille-
gal and that the service has no prohibition
against it.
In confirming that an "inquiry" is being
conducted, Justice spokesman John K.
Russell said he could not comment further
while the investigation is going on.
A bill introduced in the Senate earlier
this year would set standards for Justice
Department agents impersonating report-
ers [presstime, Sept. 1983, p. 13]. S 804
is pending in the Judiciary Committee, with
no action currently scheduled.
ANPA Counsel/Government Affairs
Claudia M. James said ANPA is seeking to
compile information on the extent to which
other incidents of reporter impersonation
have occurred, either by federal or state
officials. ^
Crackdown aims at another leak
The federal government has taken an-
other step to stop leaks of information.
This time the crackdown is at the U.S.
Department of Commerce. A new policy
there involves economic reports on nine
sensitive areas, including data on leading
indicators, housing starts and retail sales.
The policy allows reporters to continue
to see copies of the reports a half-hour
before they are released, but the reporters
are not allowed to leave a "holding room"
or make telephone calls until release time.
Previously, this so-called "lock-up" pro-
cedure had applied only to one of the re-
ports, having to do with merchandise
trade.
The new policy was adopted in early
November. Late in the month, spokesman
B. Jay Cooper reported the leaks had dried
up. "I can't say that the new rules have
completely solved that," he said, "but so
far, (there have been) no premature re-
leases." Cooper said at the same time it
imposed the restrictions on the press, the
department limited the number of its own
staffers with advance access to the re-
ports.
Linda S. Stern, economic correspondent
for The Journal of Commerce, accused
department officials of having a cover
themselves' mentality." She said "most of
the people over there, from what I under-
stand, don't think reporters" are responsi-
ble for the leaks. She said the press is
being inconvenienced for "no good reas-
on."
Among the complaints reporters cover-
ing the department but working out of a
press room elsewhere have is that they
cannot bring advance copies to their desks
to compose their stories on VDTs.
Another problem, reporters say, is that
they cannot place calls, even within the
department, from the holding room. They
have asked that an economist be made
available in the room for interviews. ^
News research notes
In the first Newspaper Research Journal
devoted to a single issue, several reports
link newspaper readership to people's
sense that it is a civic responsibility to
be informed about public affairs.
This concept may tell more about
newspaper readership than traditional
analysis of demographics or the quality of
newspapers themselves, conclude the
papers assembled by Maxwell E.
McCombs, John Ben Snow professor of
newspaper research at Syracuse Universi-
ty's S.I. Newhouse School of Public Com-
munications, and director of the ANPA
News Research Center there.
In the publication's just-released sum-
mer 1983 edition, David Weaver, director
of the Bureau of Media Research at the
Indiana University School of Journalism,
and Virginia Dodge Fielder, director of
news and circulation research for Knight-
Ridder Newspapers Inc., observe that
while city residents read newspapers as a
"routine behavior that cuts across different
social classes and levels of civic attitude,"
suburban readership of metropolitan pap-
ers is "more dependent upon a stronger
need to keep informed."
American newspapers have failed to in-
form their readers of significant social is-
sues underlying the women's
movement. Instead, they focused on
"controversy, confrontation and sensa-
tion," according to a new report by the
Women's Studies Program and Policy
Center at George Washington University.
The project examined 4,566 articles on
six "women's issues"-domestic relations,
pay equity, discrimination in education, the
Equal Rights Amendment, the National
Women's Conference and the World Con-
ference of the UN Decade for Women.
The Associated Press and 10 newspap-
ers provided articles for analysis-Arizona
Daily Star of Tucson, The Atlanta Journal
and Constitution, The Cincinnati Enquirer,
Dallas Times Herald, The Denver Post,
Detroit Free Press, Los Angeles Times,
The Miami Herald, The New York Times
and St. Louis Post-Dispatch.
Copies of a 24-page summary of the
research are available from Mailing List
Systems, Inc., 7211 Lockport Place, Lor-
ton, Va. 22079, [phone]. D
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
essay
Learning from the blockade
Now is the time for both sides-
the government and the press-
to reflect on the actions in Grenada.
By Jerry W. Friedheim
There are delicacies in democracy: institutional
interrelationships that do not lend themselves to
stubbornness and bluster; facets of the interdependent
constitutional whole; custodians of the coexistence comity
that cements a free society.
That's why everybody shudders---or should shudder-
when one
constitutional
institution indelicately
thwarts the functioning
of another.
As when, for recent
example, the executive
branch of government
unilaterally,
deliberately,
unnecessarily-even a
bit gloatingly-
imposed prior restraint
on the people's
representatives, a free
press.
The Grenada news blockade. Seemingly a little thing in
the midst of a quick, relatively safe military victory and
rescue; but a very big little thing in the sweep of
constitutional history; a unique, jolting, worrisome rejection
Friedheim, a former Missouri newspaperman and now executive vice
president and general manager of ANPA, was Pentagon spokesman and
then assistant secretary of defense for public affairs in 1969-74.
An interview with Friedheim about the Grenada news blackout was
published in the Nov. 14 issue of U.S. News & World Report. Copies are
available from the ANPA Public Affairs Department,
of a thing; the sort of confrontational upheaval that rocks
democracy's underpinnings.
It's the kind of thing that makes folks want to "sue
somebody." But first, sober second thought is required--on
all sides if possible. Peace pipes should be smoked; civility
sought. Nobody should seek or want "total victory." The
checks and balances of our freedom-preserving system
must be brought back into balance by citizens of wisdom,
historic perspective and future perception. ANPA, ASNE-
everybody else on the press side--can play a role in the
restoration of reason.
What happened we know. Two days-plus of prior
restraint on the operation of a free press; two days-plus of
exclusively government-controlled news. Prior restraint
caused by political and historic anti-press pressures we all
recognize. Prior restraint sorely abetted by a lack of
planning-indeed a refusal to plan-which closed out
government's options to do right and resulted in not only a
wrong, but in a largely ineffective wrong.
Scores of military and civilian public affairs officers of
the government could have worked out ways to provide
early free-press access while protecting troop safety and
mission security. A very small press pool under voluntarily
controlled reporting conditions was the obvious answer.
General Eisenhower in World War 11 knew how to do that.
General MacArthur in Korea knew how to do that. General
Abrams in Vietnam knew how to do that. Today's press
corps knows how. Today's combat commanders know
how.
Why didn't they do it? What were the perceptions that
made them forget how and disregard why?
It is possible the military services conducted their hasty,
attack planning thinking about a very brief, not very big,
rescue mission employing a number of commando-type
tactics; not the sort of thing reporters have always
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
essay
accompanied initially, but which could be covered
eventually.
It is possible that White House advisors, focused almost
solely on television image-making, adopted the simple,
political axiom that there should be no non-governmental
reports to the public until the President had an opportunity
to make an early, prime-time speech to construct the
discussion framework he desired.
It is possible the President and secretary of defense
really did think they could leave everything up to the
generals and admirals.
It is possible our press, already concerned about
attacks on the Freedom of Information Act and about lie
detectors and about lifetime censorship, had visions of
lengthy exclusion from a rather big event-perhaps even
an invasion-particularly because that's what the
Commander-in-Chief called it.
It is possible everybody assumed the worst case. And
maybe those were right assumptions. Maybe not. And
maybe it need not matter so much now either way,
because some corrective actions occurred and good
intentions were promptly pleaded. Within a week the State
Department's delegation at a Paris UNESCO meeting was
stating: "From the beginning our plans called for the
presence of the media no later than the morning of the
second day of action."
Forget that there was no plan; only ad hoc scrambling.
Now there is talk of planning and of intentions of access.
Grenada is behind us; so let's try to look mostly forward.
Let all sides close one eye to the past but keep a watchful
eye on the future-and talk it out, and agree that there are
reasons wise leaders did it differently before and reasons
wise leaders will do it right in the future.
What reasons? What considerations need apply?
Three primarily.
? Military security vs. informed citizenry
? Government credibility with public and Congress
? Public trust in the armed services.
Books have been written on these things, but the
summaries are:
Both sides of the military security/informed citizenry
equation are necessary for the result to equal a free
society; and both can be satisfied by the cooperation of
professional soldiers, professional newsmen and wise
national leaders. Neither national imperative need be set
aside. In a democracy, the public will support military
actions and foreign policies only when it knows about and
understands them-and the public gets its information
through the news media.
Government credibility is constructed painstakingly,
day-by-day, throughout a President's term. It comes from
candor, professionalism, openness, goodwill, good humor
and admitting an occasional misstep. It is enhanced if "no
in Barbados, reporters loam from Air Force Capt. Keith Graham
(center) who will be in Oct. 29 press pool.
comment" is said sometimes. Credibility preserved
provides citizen support for difficult government decisions
in inevitable crises. Credibility squandered away through
dissembling, infighting or pervasive, prolonged secrecy will
undermine first the government's ability to act, then the
government itself, then the nation.
Trust in the armed services also is long abuilding and
can be lost in a flash. The uniformed services of a
democracy must be a part of, not apart from, their society.
Volunteers must believe before they will enlist. Taxpayers
must support before they will elect representatives who will
back defense programs and appropriations. Civilian
leaders must know and respect military leaders before they
will entrust them with awesome firepower and with the lives
of young servicemen and women. Doubletalk, arrogance
and secrecy demolish trust. Do it once quickly and the
public shrugs; do it again, or for long, and
public/congressional support quickly erodes, soon dies.
So each constitutional institution has a stake in doing
things right. The press must respect the need for military
security because that is right. The military must respect the
need of the people to know what their uniformed men and
women are doing-and not doing-because that is right.
The government must nourish its own credibility and an
open society's discourse because that is right.
And no institution must seek to bar another from the
constitutional playing field-or the entire game of freedom
will and. A strong, free country and a strong, free press are
inseparable.
The goal for us all now must be to make sure the
constitutional system rebalances; then everybody wins.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
profile
John M. McClelland Jr.
He wins the admiration
of his big-city brethren
By C. David Rambo
presstime staff writer
The setting: a large Northwestern city with two big dailies
which together dominate the market. You own a weekly and a
twice weekly published in suburban communities within 10 miles
of the heart of downtown. Do you dare combine them into a daily
that will compete against the a.m. and p.m. metros?
John M. McClelland Jr. took such a calcu-
lated risk in the Seattle suburb of Bellevue,
Wash., and it paid off. His Journal-American
daily, started in 1976 through a combination of
the Bellevue American and the Kirkland Eastside
Journal, has climbed in weekday circulation to
26,312. A Sunday edition started just last year
has a circulation of 26,254.
McClelland, chairman of the board of the
McClelland Newspapers group, says there is a
simple reason for the success. It is dedication to
the editorial product.
"We have one of the biggest editorial staffs
for a paper our size in the Northwest, if not the
whole country," he says. The Journal-American
has 55 editorial employees out of a total staff of
205. It emphasizes local news that The Seattle Times and Seattle
Post-Intelligencer cannot provide.
In fact, McClelland contends that the financial problems of the
P-I-which earlier this year entered into a joint operating
agreement with the Times-were due to an "unwillingness to
invest in an adequate news staff. In order to sell your product,
you've got to have a good product."
Above all, he says, that means good writing and editing-
something he insists on at all the group's papers: The Daily News
of Longview, Wash., The Daily News of Port Angeles, Wash., and
half-ownership in The Chronicle and The Sentinel-Mist, a semi-
weekly in St. Helens, Ore. The Longview daily won a Pulitzer
Prize in 1981 for its coverage of the Mount St. Helens eruption.
McClelland has chosen virtually all the top editors for his
papers, and he insists that his publishers have strong editorial
backgrounds. And he practices what he preaches. For 30 years
he wrote a daily, front-page column for the Longview paper, and
even today he writes a weekly column for his three Washington
state dailies, usually relating to state issues. The daily column is a
"family tradition," started by McClelland's father in 1929 and car-
ried on today by McClelland's nephew Ted M. Natt, publisher of
the Longview paper. Natt is the newly elected president of the
Associated Press Managing Editors Association.
McClelland says his family-owned group does not have profit
margins as high as those reported by some bigger newspaper
companies. "We spend more on the news content and as a
consequence we make less money.... That's OK because we
don't have to please a lot of outside owners."
The 68-year-old newspaperman was introduced to the busi-
ness by his father, a native Pennsylvanian, who in 1923 moved
the family from Rogers, Ark., to Longview where the senior Mc-
Clelland was named editor of the News. He later bought the
newspaper, then a weekly, and his son expressed a natural
interest in it.
McClelland first worked as a carrier, then spent summers in
the composing room, the pressroom and newsroom-just about
everywhere except advertising sales. After receiving a journalism
degree from Stanford University in 1937, he worked briefly for
California dailies in Santa Ana, Salinas and Sacramento. He says
he wanted "to get some experience and prove that I could make it
in the newspaper business without working for
my father." It was a worthwhile venture, he says,
because of the wide variety of experience it pro-
vided. At one newspaper, "I did everything.
Whoever didn't show up, I'd have to do their job."
McClelland went back to Longview in 1939
both to marry and to become the $45-a-week city
editor of his family's newspaper, which by then
had become a daily.
From his base of operations in that lumber
city of 31,000, McClelland has gained a national
reputation for his journalistic efforts. He served
on the board of directors of the Associated
Press, as national president of the Society of
Professional Journalists, Sigma Delta Chi, and
as president of Allied Daily Newspapers, a re-
gion association of papers in the Northwest.
James B. King, executive editor of The Seattle Times, de-
scribes McClelland as "the complete newspaperman his whole
life." And although the much smaller Journal-American poses no
major threat to the Times, it does present "challenging suburban
competition in our primary market," King says.
The Journal-American was almost an immediate success,
showing a small profit within two or three months, Natt says. Part
of the reason is that affluent Bellevue enjoys a natural geographic
separation from the central city-Lake Washington-and has
enjoyed good growth in the last decade.
The Journal-American faces new challenges arising from the
Seattle joint operating agreement, which McClelland and other
suburban publishers fought, unsuccessfully, all the way to the
U.S. Supreme Court. Under the JOA, the evening Times, circula-
tion 225,447, and morning P-I, circulation 191,885, combine all
operations except editorial. "It's one thing when your two main
competitors are fighting each other. But it's something else again
when they join forces and turn their guns on you," he says.
Despite such weighty business concerns, McClelland has
interests that extend well beyond the newspaper business. He is
an avid history buff, and he enjoys getting out on Lake Washing-
ton in his 42-foot cabin cruiser. Those diversions notwithstanding,
he says he has no plans to retire.
He and his wife Burdette have a son, John M. McClelland III,
who operates a cable television company in the Longview area
that the family started in 1965, and a daughter, Genevieve. ^
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
education
Compatibility cited
Local NIE staffs see no threat from USA Today
By Carmen C. Clark
presstime editorial assistant
The nationwide newcomer in the News-
paper in Education field, USA Today's
Classline, is posing no threat to existing
NIE programs, their managers say.
Most NIE people believe that USA To-
day will find a niche as an in-classroom
instructional tool, but-despite some ear-
lier-expressed fears to the contrary-they
do not think this will happen at the expense
of local NIE programs.
Officials of Gannett Co. Inc., which owns
USA Today, had said when Classline was
launched three months ago that it would
not threaten local NIE programs [press-
time, Sept. 1983, p. 47].
Since September, Classline has ap-
proached schools in each of the 20 major
markets where USA Today is distributed,
informing local education officials about
the program.
Paul Glancy, USA Today educational
services manager, would not comment on
the number of school systems where
Classline currently is in use. However, he
says, the initial reaction has been quite
positive. "Teachers have told us they like
both USA Today and the local paper. It's a
good way to compare news."
Classline provides such services as free
educational guides, a 40 percent discount
on the newsstand price of the paper and
workshops for educators.
Nevertheless, a half-dozen local NIE of-
ficials interviewed by presstime em-
phasized that the local paper is the
backbone of the concept of using newspa-
pers in the classroom. "The whole idea of
NIE is to have youngsters use the local
newspaper," says Stuart L. Kendall, NIE
coordinator for the Milwaukee Journal and
Sentinel.
In Chicago, Sun-Times Educational
Coordinator Julie C. Morris says local
news plays a big part in her paper's NIE
program, too. Because of that, and also
because the Sun-Times' NIE program is
so long-established, she has not felt any
effects from the Classline project, she
says.
"Our paper has been around a long
time," echos NIE Coordinator Ann W. Ely
of the Indianapolis Star and News. She
adds: "USA Today cannot compete. I'm
confident in our ability to hold our unique
position in the educational community.
We've cultivated administrators and state
department (of education) people, so that
our newspaper is part of the fabric of the
educational system."
"USA Today doesn't tackle the contro-
versial local issues," Ely continues. "It can't
complain about the quality of local educa-
tion or teachers. It's not going to take on
the local school board"-the types of is-
sues students can relate to in courses like
government, civics and history.
In addition to having a monopoly on lo-
cal news, local NIE programs also enjoy
an edge in providing personal services to
schools, says Tim Callahan, Florida De-
partment of Education NIE coordinator.
Local newspapers are able to offer such
services as newspaper tours, sending re-
porters to the schools and demonstrating
through workshops how to use the news-
paper. "USA Today supplies teaching
guides and newspapers-that's all," says
Kathleen T. Haff ee, NIE coordinator of the
Pottsville (Pa.) Republican.
Milwaukee's Kendall puts it this way:
"The Journal and Sentinel are just a local
phone call away, no further than 45 min-
utes from any of the 650 schools in our
area. USA Today cannot provide that serv-
ice."
Is there room for both the local news-
paper and USA Today in a community's
NIE program? Yes, according to some lo-
cal-program activists. Because USA To-
day is more national in perspective,
visually attractive and concise, Rita F.
Broadway, NIE coordinator at the Courier-
Journal and The Louisville Times, believes
it will complement the local paper.
Kendall of Milwaukee and Callahan of
Florida say, however, that USA Today and
Classline are perhaps better suited for
high school students than younger ones
that local programs also reach. "There are
some educational applications where USA
Today might replace the local paper-
such as in social studies and civics classes
where the national focus is more useful
than just the local focus," Callahan says.
Indianapolis' Ely notes that teachers and
students alike appreciate USA Today's
quick read and colorful graphs and charts.
"USA Today is going to sharpen us up,"
she says. "We may have to step up our
NIE promotions. It's been a healthy shot in
the arm." 11
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
education
Curriculum change may limit
students' plan for journalism
By Margaret Genovese
presstime staff writer
The move to increase the quality of high
school education may mean journalism
courses are being crowded out of the
schedules of top students, many journal-
ism teachers fear.
In North Carolina, for example, there is
already some evidence that journalism
classes are being hurt by the state's new
"scholars program." But in Indiana, a con-
cession has been made to keep journalism
on the list of courses students may take to
fulfill more stringent graduation require-
ments.
Jane B. Kinchloe, publications advisor at
Millbrook Senior High School in Raleigh,
N.C., says journalism professionals should
be concerned about anything that cuts into
the attractiveness of journalism classes in
the nation's secondary schools. "These
high school programs encourage our
bright youth to consider careers" in the
media, she observes.
In her state, the scholars program that
was instituted this school year by the state
Board of Education recognizes "top-level
students" who have "completed a well-bal-
anced high school program," according to
Thomas G. Houlihan, special assistant for
secondary education in the Department of
Public Instruction. Recognition comes in
the form of a notation on students' tran-
scripts and a seal on their diplomas.
To receive a normal high school diploma
in North Carolina, students must complete
20 course "units," nine of which may be
electives like journalism. A unit is equiva-
lent to one school year of a one-hour
course.
To receive recognition as a "scholar," a
student must complete 22 course units,
and only three or four of those units-de-
pending on which of two course outlines is
followed-may be electives.
Kay D. Phillips, a journalism teacher in
Henderson, N.C., says she became aware
of the threat to journalism classes when a
guidance counselor told her she had
shunted several students away from Phil-
lips' newspaper course because they
wanted to be in the scholars program. She
said the number of Vance Senior High
School students seeking enrollment in her
class dropped from the usual 35 to 21 this
year.
In its new emphasis on academic excel-
lence, North Carolina is reflective of a na-
tionwide trend. The Education Commis-
sion of the States has identified 20 states
that it believes have increased high school
graduation requirements.
Observers say impetus to the movement
can be traced to the April 1983 report titled
"A Nation at Risk: The Imperative for Edu-
cational Reform." In that report, the Na-
tional Commission on Excellence in Edu-
cation roundly criticized U.S. education
and recommended that state and local
high school graduation requirements be
strengthened.
But at least one state, Indiana, has
made an accommodation for journalism
courses in its striving for academic excel-
lence.
Next year, the state will increase the
number of courses in English, math and
science required for high school gradua-
tion, but, as has been the case for several
years, journalism courses may be substi-
tuted for the required English courses.
Despite that concession, Mary I. Ben-
edict, associate professor of journaliam at
Indiana University, says she is concerned
that "very, very important enrichment cour-
ses" are being neglected in educators' ea-
gerness to go "back to the basics."
Benedict, former head of the Secondary
Education Division of the Association for
Education in Journalism and Mass Com-
munication, says students have "very hard
choices to make" in their programs.
William Clay Parrish, assistant director
of research for the National Association of
Secondary School Principals, contends
that the trend toward increasing the
number of required courses is not neces-
sarily bad news for electives such as jour-
nalism.
"This simply will cause a student to re-
fine or fine tune the courses that will be
most germane for his or her work," he
says. "In some cases that will be a journal-
ism class, for some students it will be a
typing class." n
Student papers
named winners
of top honors
Eleven student newspapers have been
named winners of the 1983 Pacemaker
Awards, jointly sponsored by ANPA Foun-
dation, the National Scholastic Press As-
sociation and the Associated Collegiate
Press.
The program recognizes the best in high
school and college newspapers through-
out the United States. They are judged for
best overall content and appearance, with
emphasis on excellence in writing, design
and coverage.
Winners of the high school competition
are:
? Orange R, Roseburg (Ore.) High
School, Roseburg
? York-Hi, York Community High
School, Elmhurst, III.
? The Oracle, West Springfield High
School, Springfield, Va.
? Union Street Journal, Cherry Creek
High School, Englewood, Colo.
? The Kirkwood Call, Kirkwood (Mo.)
High School.
Winners of the collegiate competition
are:
? The MATC Times, Milwaukee Area
Technical College
? The Ranger, San Antonio College
? The Graphic, Pepperdine University,
Malibu, Calif.
? The Daily Eastern News, Eastern Illi-
nois University, Charleston
? The Maroon, Loyola University, New
Orleans
? The Breeze, James Madison Univer-
sity, Harrisonburg, Va.
In announcing the winners, Donald N.
Soldwedel, chairman and president of
ANPA Foundation, said, "These newspap-
ers have exhibited the highest standards
of journalism. The student staffs who pro-
duce these publications and the faculty
who guide them are to be commended for
the excellence of their product. It is heart-
ening to know that many of these talented
young men and women will some day
bring this excellence to the newspaper
profession."
Soldwedel is president and publisher
of Western Newspapers Inc. of Yuma,
Ariz. [-1
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
education
Program will seek to match
minority students, J-schools
Youth Communication National Center,
whose programs enable inner-city high
school students to produce newspapers,
radio programs and cable TV shows, is
taking additional steps to encourage its
student journalists-primarily minority
members-to consider media careers.
The organization has launched a college
information program called "Project Tar-
get." It is designed to "try and match stu-
dents interested in journalism training with
journalism schools interested in bringing
(in) more minorities," according to Exec-
utive Director Craig W. Trygstad.
Sixty-one accredited schools and de-
partments of journalism in the United
States are participating in the program, he
said. These schools expressed both an
interest in receiving the names of potential
students and a willingness to send campus
and curriculum information to Youth Com-
munication centers around the country.
Initially, Project Target is aimed at stu-
dents working in Youth Communication
programs. Ultimately, Trystad said, it is
hoped the project can be expanded to
other students.
Youth Communication has centers that
publish monthly newspapers in Chicago,
New York City, and Wilmington, Del. Its
center in Oakland, Calif., produces a
weekly, 15-minute radio program and a
twice-monthly page of youth-oriented
news for the Los Angeles Herald Exam-
iner. Its center in Philadelphia publishes a
newspaper and has produced a pilot pro-
gram for cable television. Centers are be-
ing developed in Cleveland and Los
Angeles.
The centers are supported by private
sources of funding, such as corporations
and foundations. ^
Medill to review reaccreditation decision
The dean-designate of the Medill School
of Journalism at Northwestern University
says he will review with school officials the
1982 decision not to pursue reaccredita-
tion for Medill's graduate program.
Edward P. Bassett, who will become
dean of the Evanston, Ill., school early next
year, is a former member of the Accredit-
ing Council on Education in Journalism
and Mass Communications and served as
its vice chairman.
In February 1982, Northwestern Univer-
sity President Robert H. Strotz withdrew
the school's request for reaccreditation of
its graduate journalism program while an
ACEJMC visiting team was on campus,
citing the team's insistence on faculty sal-
ary information.
Asked whether he would seek reaccre-
ditation for the program, Bassett said he
would have to "review the entire process"
with the university's provost and Strotz. "I
don't think there is any hard and fast rule
that Northwestern will stay out," said Bas-
sett.
He noted that the accrediting process
itself is undergoing review. "With it, we will
do some review within Medill and North-
western and see where compatability lies,"
he said.
Bassett is editor of the Statesman-Jour-
nal in Salem, Ore. Prior to assuming that
post in 1980, he was director of the School
of Journalism at the University of Southern
California [presstime, Sept. 1980, p. 23].
He also has been dean of the School of
Journalism at the University of Kansas and
acting chairman of the Department of Jour-
nalism at the University of Michigan. ^
Charleston NIE project
focuses on the city
An innovative Newspaper in Education
project developed by the Educational
Services Department of the Charleston,
S.C., newspapers is teaching students
more about that city.
The Charleston Project includes 17
learning-center activity folders, 27 historic
Charleston location flash cards, a map of
the Charleston area and a teacher's guide.
The materials are designed to be used in
conjunction with current editions of The
News and Courier and The Evening Post.
The project seeks to improve reading,
writing and other skills for elementary
through high school level students. ^
L.A. Times unveils
new intern program
for minorities
An internship program and a conference
have been added to the list of programs
designed to increase minority representa-
tion in the newspaper business [press-
time, May 1983, p. 43]. Another minority
internship program, begun this year, will
be repeated in 1984.
The Los Angeles Times' new internship
program is for minority journalists who
have completed their college education
and are beginning journalism careers.
The first, year-long Minority Editorial
Training Program, funded jointly by the
Times and its corporate parent The Times
Mirror Co., will begin July 1, 1984.
Eight interns will be furnished with hous-
ing and a weekly stipend of $150. They will
receive classroom training, accompany
staff reporters on assignments and write
their own stories. Deadline for applications
is Jan. 15.
Another Times Mirror newspaper,
Newsday of Long Island, N.Y., will sponsor
a Journalism Opportunities Conference for
Minorities Feb. 25-26, 1984, at the C.W.
Post Center of Long Island University in
Brookville, N.Y.
The conference will give minority jour-
nalism students and beginning journalists
an opportunity to attend workshops and to
have job interviews with newspapers.
According to Sam Ruinsky, Newsday com-
munity affairs director, the conference is
primarily for students, journalists and
newspapers east of the Mississippi.
Two similar conferences are held an-
nually at the University of Southern Califor-
nia and at Howard University in
Washington, D.C.
The Journalism Opportunities Confer-
ence for Minorities at USC, sponsored by
the California Chicano News Media Asso-
ciation, will be Feb. 10-12; the Howard
University School of Communications
Conference will be Feb. 16-19.
Meanwhile, The Modesto (Calif.) Bee is
seeking applicants for its 1984 internship
program for minorities. The program, es-
tablished last spring, is designed to en-
courage minority participation in the
newsroom. The newspaper offers four,
three-month internships each year. 17
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
advertising
ABC urged to play `an enhanced role'
The need for newspapers to attract
more advertising dollars dominated the
1983 annual conference of the Audit Bu-
reau of Circulations in Los Angeles.
And a report to the conference by a
newspaper-business committee chaired
by Edward W. Estlow, president and chief
executive officer of Scripps-Howard,
strongly suggested that the ABC should be
playing a more helpful role in attracting
that extra advertising.
With "advertising leadership" as the
theme of the Nov. 8-10 meeting, key
speakers representing newspapers and
advertisers minced no words in criticizing
their host and each other.
Allen H. Neuharth, chairman and presi-
dent of Gannett Co. Inc., took direct aim at
ABC for failing to include the demograph-
ics advertisers want in ABC record-keep-
ing standards.
"Any organization that audits just num-
bers of readers or viewers or listeners is
out of date," said Neuharth.
"Some of us believe," he said, that some
ABC leaders "are more concerned about
preserving traditions and protecting their
own turf than they are about providing in-
novative, creative, new appoaches to help
the buyers and sellers of advertising in the
print media who are buying and
selling in new ways."
Katharine Graham, chairman
of The Washington Post Co.,
traced positive steps newspa-
pers could take to accommo-
date new forms of advertising,
but warned that "winning the
war for dollars is not enough."
Newspapers, she said,
should be "leaders, not follow-
ers," resisting the temptation to
"deliver news to the rich" just to
attract upscale advertising, or to
"cater to the lowest common de-
nominator ... to achieve mas-
sive circulation gains, as tele-
vision, totally dependent on rat-
ings, has been forced to do."
"I don't believe you can edit
with your finger in the wind,"
said Graham. "Our public trust
runs deeper."
Two other major speakers, an
advertising executive and a major national
advertiser, chided the press for failure to
support their needs-to build consumer
trust in advertising and protect it from gov-
ernment regulation.
In contrast with the strong words of the
speakers, the joint ANPA/Newspaper Ad-
vertising Bureau ABC Liaison Committee
made public a carefully worded report de-
signed to emphasize consensus on sug-
gested reforms in ABC policies and
procedures [presstime, May 1983, p.48].
The message was clear nonetheless.
The boards of both ANPA and NAB agreed
that ABC should take "an enhanced role"
to assist both newspapers and advertisers
with the "dramatically changing marketing
concepts" of the 1980s.
To implement this, said the committee,
the ABC should:
? Review "restrictions" on newspapers'
circulation sales, pricing, distribution and
promotion practices
? Create different auditing require-
ments for newspapers with sophisticated
marketing practices and those operating
on a simpler level. Newspapers desiring
elaborate audits, the committee said,
should be prepared to pay for such audits.
? Use more computer technology to
perform more sophisticated audits.
In separate attachments, the ANPA/NAB
committee commented on ABC concerns
and gave its views on selected issues.
The committee agreed that ABC is not a
"promotional" or "advocacy" group for its
members, but it said current marketing
conditions may require a new statement of
ABC's purpose. While the bureau, as a
voluntary association, has no power to
regulate the business practices of its
members, the committee said it should be
aware that some of its requirements con-
stitute de facto regulation.
The report observed that newspapers,
half of ABC's membership, have only one
quarter of the seats on ABC's board.
The ANPA/NAB committee endorsed an
ABC task force's proposal to add demo-
graphic data by ZIP code on an optional
basis. Last year the board decided to
make circulation reporting by ZIP code
mandatory within three years.
Some newspapers favor ZIP code re-
porting as a way to attract advertisers,
while those with less favorable demo-
graphics or lower household penetration
fear ZIP code reporting will make them
lose out to television, competing papers or
other forms of advertising.
Conference participants included (from left) ABC Chairman Charles
A. Tucker of R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Co., Graham, Edward A. Horri-
gan of R.J. Reynolds Industries and Neuharth.
The ANPA/NAB committee
also endorsed the principle that
single-copy sales be incorpo-
rated into ZIP code data.
The committee did not ad-
dress the controversial issue of
bulk sales.
On coupons, however, the
committee opposed "obstacles
to the promotion of coupons."
Fearful of widespread abuse, or
"misredemption" of massive
numbers of coupons, advertis-
ers have in the past convinced
ABC to restrict newspapers
from stating the total amount of
discounts available in any one
issue.
The committee's report
"represents a starting point for
discussion and for continued
discussion," said M. David Keil,
ABC president and managing
director. ^
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
advertising
Firms seek to compare profiles
of newspaper, TV audiences
By Marcia Fram
presstime staff writer
With syndicated studies of newspaper
audiences just beginning to be used, ne-
gotiations are under way to extend the
newly gathered data one step further-by
comparing it with nationwide profiles of
television viewers.
Simmons Market Research Bureau,
which together with Scarborough Re-
search Corp. surveyed newspaper readers
in the top 50 markets, is currently negotiat-
ing with Arbitron Ratings Co., which com-
piles similar research about television and
radio audiences.
If an agreement can be reached, it
would mark the first time that complete
audience profiles of both media were
made totally available to each other.
Scarborough has also approached Arbi-
tron but is not currently in negotiations with
the rating company.
"In all likelihood, we'll probably just go
with Simmons," said Pierre R. Megroz,
Arbitron vice-president, TV sales and mar-
keting. "I don't see the advantage of hav-
ing two suppliers for the same infor-
mation."
Megroz said a deal with Simmons prob-
ably will involve "a limited list of markets,
about 14 or 15." He predicted that negotia-
tions "will get resolved by the end of the
year."
The possibility of combining data was
first announced by Simmons President
Frank Stanton during his Nov. 7 presenta-
tion to the Newspaper Research Council at
its annual meeting in San Antonio, Texas.
Arbitron measures radio and television
audiences nationwide. Its Target AID serv-
ice can provide advertisers with a detailed
description of those audiences by using
ClusterPlus, a system which combines
census-based demographics compiled by
Donnelley Marketing Information Services
and product information compiled by Sim-
mons.
This information is prepared according
to ZIP codes, with neighborhoods grouped
nationally by common demographics. Us-
ing this information, advertisers can then
target specific audiences for specific prod-
ucts in specific media.
Ostensibly, studies done for television
by Arbitron had been available to newspa-
pers before but at a prohibitive price-at
least as much as the television station or
network paid Arbitron to do the study.
In the top 10 markets, said Megroz, the
"typical rate would be around $100,000 a
year," with television stations in the largest
cities like New York, Chicago or Los An-
geles paying as much as "half a million."
"That was prohibitive (for newspapers),"
said Harold Israel, president of Scarbo-
rough, who is hopeful his company will
also be able to offer newspaper clients
television data. "No newspaper got
enough value out of (television studies) to
pay that kind of money," he said.
Stanton agreed on the cost problem.
The intention of the Simmons' firm in nego-
tiating with Arbitron, he said, is "to bring
the (cost of) the TV data down to a few
thousand dollars."
On a practical level, agreement between
Arbitron and one or both of the firms com-
piling newspaper research would simply
lower the price so that newspapers could
purchase profiles of television audiences.
Arbitron could then sell newspaper data
to its television clients, and a research firm
entering into an agreement with Arbitron
could sell television data to newspapers.
Negotiations also are under way be-
tween Simmons and Arbitron to swap in-
formation on newspaper and radio audi-
ences. William P. Livek, Arbitron's vice
president for radio sales and marketing,
said the proposed deal would be for audi-
ence information in 16 cities.
Reaction to the possibility of obtaining
television data has been enthusiastic on
the part of the newspaper industry.
Television stations have had "more ad-
vertising than they deserve," said Arthur E.
Wible, chairman of the marketing commit-
tee of the International Newspaper Adver-
tising and Marketing Executives.
"They knew it. We knew it. But we
haven't had the tools to prove it," said
Wible, executive vice-president and direc-
tor of sales at the New York Daily News.
"Now we can."
Philip E. Stout, marketing services man-
ager at The Daily Oklahoman and Okla-
homa City Times, and chairman of the joint
NRC/INAME task force that initiated the
concept of the syndicated research done
by Simmons and Scarborough, said com-
bining television and newspaper data "will
greatly benefit newspapers."
NRC President Jack Vernon, research
manager at the St. Petersburg Times and
Evening Independent, predicted that with
the two syndicated research studies, plus
comparison with television data, "in the
next 10 years, newspapers might emerge
as the mass medium."
But Stout was skeptical of Arbitron's
agreeing to the swap.
"Television stations are not going to
spend that kind of money because we're
going to beat them over the head," said
Stout. ^
AAAA endorses expanded SAU system;
art clipping services adopt new standards
The voluntary, expanded Standard Ad-
vertising Unit system to be implemented
July 1, 1984, recently received two impor-
tant endorsements:
? The American Association of Adver-
tising Agencies endorsed the system Nov.
4, stating: "The successful translation of
the recommendation into a working plan
will be the realization of a goal the AAAA's
has worked long to attain: standardization
of formats for greater ease in advertising
placement.
"We believe the achievement of the rec-
ommended standard at all newspapers will
increase the effectiveness of newspapers
as an advertising medium.
"We expect all newspapers to accept the
plan since the recommended system can
work effectively only if all newspapers
adopt it."
? Three companies that supply books
of art work for use in newspaper advertis-
ing will convert their materials to the SAU
dimensions [presstime, Sept. 1983, p.
19]. They are Metro Associated Services
Inc. of New York City, S.C.W. Inc. of
Chatsworth, Calif., and Multi-Ad Services
Inc. of Peoria, III. ^
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
advertising
Syndicated audience research
will help in selling national ads
Publication of two syndicated studies of
newspaper audiences represents a major
breakthrough in the
newspaper busi-
ness' campaign to
regain a larger
share of national
advertising by mak-
ing our medium
easier for agencies
and advertisers to
evaluate and buy.
In combination
with CAN DO, the
Craig C. Standen bureau's Computer
Analyzed Newspaper Data On-line
system, these syndicated studies make
available to advertisers and agencies
more complete information about the audi-
ences of the nation's 1,700 daily newspap-
ers-on a national, regional or market-by-
market basis-than is provided by any
other medium about its audiences. These
newspaper data are totally compatible with
the available audience data on the other
major media.
Taken together, the two studies-con-
ducted independently in 1982 and 1983 by
Simmons Market Research Bureau and
Scarborough Research Corp.-add up to
one of the most comprehensive audience
investigations ever undertaken. The total
cost to newspapers was more than $2
million, and approximately 225,000 indivi-
dual interviews were involved.
In the Scarborough study, telephone in-
terviews were conducted with nearly
68,000 adults, and 52,000 of them were
interviewed a second time. For the Sim-
mons study, telephone interviews were
conducted with one adult in more than
57,000 households; nearly 48,000 of them
were re-interviewed on a second day.
The studies cover much more than
reach and frequency and the standard de-
mographic classifications such as sex,
age, education and income. They also pro-
Standen, president of the Newspaper Adver-
tising Bureau, is a regular contributor to press-
time.
vide a wide variety of additional demogra-
phic information-for example, kind of
dwelling, number of employed people in
each household, occupations, cable televi-
sion subscribers and principal food shop-
pers.
The information is available to advertis-
ers and agencies in a variety of ways. It
comes not only in printed volumes for each
market and in summary volumes covering
all markets studied, but also via computer
terminals (which are widely used in agency
media departments today) from four differ-
ent media-information services.
In other words, advertisers and agen-
cies now have the information they need to
evaluate and buy newspaper advertising in
the same way they evaluate television,
magazines and radio-in terms of ADIs,
Areas of Dominant Influence, a method of
defining markets by their television cover-
age, and GRPs, Gross Rating Points, an-
other broadcast-originated concept for
measuring advertising impressions.
We believe this impressive investment
in audience data will bring the newspaper
business important long-range benefits,
such as:
? Making it easier for agencies and ad-
vertisers to include newspapers in the
early stages of media planning
? Permitting media planners to make
direct comparisons between newspapers
and the other major consumer media,
comparisons which will frequently be very
favorable to newspapers
? Allowing media planners to make ra-
pid, accurate analyses of any combination
of newspapers, from a single market to
nationwide
? Eventually, making it virtually impos-
sible for an agency or advertiser to ignore
newspapers when making a national me-
dia plan.
These desirable things, however, won't
happen by themselves. We in the
newspaper business must work hard to
change agency media evaluation habits
that have developed over decades. To do
just that, the Newspaper Advertising Sales
Association, the International Newspaper
Advertising Marketing Executives and the
bureau are cooperating in a nationwide
effort to make agencies and advertisers
aware of the new completeness of
newspapers' audience data and their sig-
nificance.
The sales campaign, targeted at first at
the top 200 national advertisers and their
agencies, will be coordinated by NASA
and built around a 15-minute sales presen-
tation created by the bureau. NASA will
establish the target list of advertisers and
agencies, assign personnel for each sales
call and monitor the calls for follow-up as
necessary.
These massive, well-executed syndi-
cated studies will help give all newspapers
increased visibility and credibility among
national advertisers and agencies. They
have provided us with new selling tools
and new opportunities. But we still must do
the selling job. ^
August ad spending up 23% over 1982
Advertising expenditures in daily news-
papers in August rose 23.2 percent from
year-earlier levels to $1.69 billion, accord-
ing to estimates by the Newspaper Adver-
tising Bureau.
Classified and national advertising each
climbed 28.6 percent, while retail expendi-
tures, the largest newspaper category,
were up 19.3 percent.
The August figures were $538 million for
classified, $194 million for national and
$954 million for retail.
For the first eight months of 1983, adver-
tising was running 16.8-percent above
1982 levels.
Classifieds rose the most-23.6 per-
cent-followed by retail, 14.8 percent, and
national, 11 percent. Expenditures were
$3.9 billion, $1.75 billion and $7.3 billion,
respectively, for classified, national and
retail. The eight-month total was more than
$12.9 billion.
The 23.2-percent August increase fol-
lowed a 32.6-percent jump in July.
The bureau's estimates are based on
linage data collected from Media Records
Inc., state and regional press associations
and various newspaper companies and
individual newspapers, and on additional
rate information gathered routinely from
Standard Rate & Data Service and from an
annual national survey of newspapers. ^
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
advertising circulation
Policy statement
on deceptive ads
rapped in Congress
The Federal Trade Commission's re-
cently issued policy statement on when it
will take action against deceptive advertis-
ing has run into criticism from key mem-
bers of Congress, but it has garnered sup-
port from advertising organizations.
The statement, adopted Oct. 14 by the
commission on a 3-2 vote and publicly
released 10 days later, says the FTC "will
find an act or practice deceptive if there is
a misrepresentation, omission, or other
practice that is likely to mislead the con-
sumer acting reasonably in the circum-
stances, to the consumer's detriment."
The statement was made in response to
a request by the House Committee on
Energy and Commerce for a report on the
commission's enforcement policy against
deceptive acts or practices.
Among those criticizing the new policy
were Commerce Committee Chairman
John D. Dingell (D-Mich.), who said Com-
mission Chairman James Miller III was
"deliberately narrowing" FTC's authority.
However, advertising groups said they
welcomed the policy statement.
American Advertising Federation Presi-
dent Howard H. Bell said "anything to clar-
ify" the commission's enforcement policy
"would be desirable." Several major news-
papers are members of the AAF. The
American Association of Advertising Agen-
cies also supports the policy.
It appears the statement will have little if
any effect on newspapers' day-to-day pro-
cess of screening advertising. "Most news-
papers are pretty good about scrutinizing
copy that could be interpreted as being
deceptive," noted Vance L. Stickell, exec-
utive vice president/marketing for the Los
Angeles Times and AAF chairman.
"We'll be as careful as we always have
been," said Robert P. Smith, manager of
advertising acceptability for The New York
Times. "The FTC does their thing; we here
at the Times do ours."
However, AAF Senior Vice President
Daniel L. Jaffe noted that "anything that
impacts on how advertising will be handled
by the FTC and responded to by the FTC
is a significant matter" for everyone in-
volved in advertising. ^
Newspapers try to decipher
how tax law affects carriers
By Marcia Fram
presstime staff writer
A year-old tax law may require newspa-
pers to report income tax information on
some of their independent carriers, begin-
ning Jan. 31.
The ANPA Legal Department, in consul-
tation with private tax attorneys, has con-
cluded that some newspapers may be
covered by a provision of the Tax Equity
and Fiscal Responsibility Act of 1982. Sec-
tion 312 of the law requires businesses to
report to the Internal Revenue Service the
name, address and taxpayer identification
number of "direct sellers" purchasing more
than $5,000 worth of consumer products in
one year for resale [presstime, Feb.
1983, p. 12].
The legislation does not require tax
withholding.
The law has been the subject of some
confusion over the past year, as newspa-
pers waited in vain for the IRS to issue
regulations stating whether the newspaper
industry, with its more than 900,000 car-
riers, would be covered.
This provision was originally intended to
cover what was thought to be a loophole in
tax-reporting by door-to-door sellers of
products, such as Amway, Avon and Tup-
perware.
In the absence of IRS guidelines, ANPA
attorneys have now concluded that "even
though the newspaper business was not a
target of the legislation, it is not excluded
from its applicability," according to Pamela
J. Riley, ANPA assistant general counsel.
An IRS spokesman said in mid-No-
vember that the agency's guidelines,
which will probably be issued in early
1984, may not provide specific answers
about carriers.
"They won't address certain groups," he
said. "It's up to them to see if (the law)
applies."
According to a 1980 study at the Univer-
sity of Missouri School of Journalism, the
latest available nationwide survey, more
than 90 percent of U.S. daily newspapers
are distributed by some arrangement with
carriers who are not newspaper-company
employees.
The vast majority of carriers are youths
18 years old or younger. An increasing
number of newspapers are using adults to
deliver papers, either as independent car-
riers or as agents. There are no nationwide
figures on how many carriers distribute
over $5,000 worth of newspapers a year.
With this in mind, Riley cautions that
"because newspaper distribution arrange-
ments vary considerably, each paper will
have to determine for itself whether its
distribution arrangement comes within the
specific terms of the 'direct seller' provi-
sion."
The bill also reaffirms a previous re-
quirement for reporting payments of $600
or more per year for services. This provi-
sion, said Riley, could also apply to news-
paper payments to distributors. But
because most newspapers deal with dis-
tributors on a buy-sell basis rather than
through a service contract, it would proba-
bly affect very few newspapers, she said.
During the past year, Robert L. Ballow,
general counsel for the International Circu-
lation Managers Association, advised
newspapers to "prepare to assume this
additional reporting burden."
Although "the direct sales provisions are
aimed at . . . door-to-door cosmetic and
housewares sellers and flea market booth
operators," said Ballow, "the statute has a
potentially wider application than may
have been originally perceived."
As the tax filing deadline approached,
newspapers were divided in their response
to the law:
While waiting for definitive legal advice
based on the to-be-issued IRS regulations,
Phillip J. Meek, president and publisher of
the Fort Worth Star-Telegram, said his
"fear" was that "if during this period of un-
certainty newspapers start to do it, they
may set a precedent when it may turn out
not to be necessary."
James Luther, circulation manager of
The Virginian-Pilot and The Ledger-Star of
Norfolk, Va., said his paper was "ap-
proach(ing) from the standpoint, 'we're not
taking any chances."'
"We're gearing up", he said. ^
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
employee relations
Health-care costs: a growing headache
By Clark Newsom
presstime labor writer
Newspapers and other businesses are
still searching for a prescription to bring
down the feverishly rising costs of provid-
ing health-care protection for their employ-
ees.
As those costs continue to mount at a
level far outpacing the inflation rate, there
is no miracle cure insight. However, em-
ployers are using a number of palliatives to
treat the problem.
Some of them are:
? Reducing health-care benefits. The
typical benefit change is to raise deduct-
ibles so that employees must pay more of
initial medical costs before insurance cov-
erage kicks in.
? Becoming self-insured. Under such a
system, the company pays into a trust ac-
count, and that money is used to pay ben-
efits on a claim-by-claim basis.
? Sponsoring "wellness" programs that
provide information on ways to minimize
the risks of illness [presstime, June
1982, p. 34].
? Inducing employees to "shop around"
when they or their dependents select a
doctor, hospital or other provider of medi-
cal care.
? Encouraging employees to have nec-
essary lab tests completed prior to hospi-
talization and to have certain routine
surgical procedures performed in a doc-
tor's office.
? Giving employees the option of join-
ing a health maintenance organization,
which provides prepaid health care instead
of the more customary fee-for-service va-
riety.
? Negotiating discounts from doctors
and hospital administrators who are willing
to grant reduced rates in return for a guar-
anteed flow of employee-patients.
Newspapers have been in the trenches
fighting health expenditure increases for
some time now [presstime, Aug. 1982,
p. 28], but their efforts and those of other
businesses have not produced the desired
stabilization in costs.
They "are not really leveling off except in
pockets around the country," says Willis B.
Goldbeck, president of the non-profit, na-
tionwide Washington Business Group on
Health, which represents the health-policy
views of 200 of the country's largest cor-
porations. Overall costs of health care are
increasing at "three times the rate of infla-
tion," according to Goldbeck.
For this reason, the Health and Welfare
Subcommittee of the ANPA Labor and
Personnel Relations Committee has iden-
tified health-care "cost containment" as its
major concern.
The one message that comes through
repeatedly in talking to newspaper exec-
utives is the need to communicate to em-
ployees how they can help control costs.
"We feel the education of employees is
very important," says Ann Reynolds, bene-
fits administration manager of the Press-
Telegram of Long Beach, Calif. "We've got
to get employees to talk with their doctors
about fees."
H. Rad Eanes III, vice president/human
resources for Harte-Hanks Communica-
tions Inc. in San Antonio, says his com-
pany is looking for ways to encourage
employees to be "smart" in individual deal-
ings with health-care providers.
But negotiating may not work every-
where, benefit specialists note. If there is a
shortage of doctors and/or hospital beds,
they say you can forget it.
Coalitions and HMOs. The hottest new
idea in the area of cost containment is the
formation of coalitions of employers to ne-
gotiate discounts-those of 12 to 15 per-
Social Security reminder
The maximum Social Security tax
paid by employers next year will exceed
that paid by employees.
From the current maximum of
$2,391.90 per employee for employers
and employees alike, it will increase in
1984 to $2,646 for employers and
$2,532.60 for employees.
This is because effective Jan. 1, the
F.I.C.A. tax rate for employers will rise
to 7 percent, while that for employees
will stay at the current 6.7 percent. The
wage base subject to the F.I.C.A. tax
will expand from $35,700 to $37,800.
cent are not uncommon-with doctors,
hospitals and insurers.
The Miami Herald is among the partici-
pants in the pioneering South Florida
Health Action Coalition. It has developed a
large data base that compares, for exam-
ple, the average length of stay in various
Miami-Fort Lauderdale area hospitals.
Barbara E. Ferranti, the Herald's man-
ager of benefits and compensation, says
the coalition is working toward establishing
an employer-run "preferred provider or-
ganization." PPOs encourage employees
and their families to go to selected doctors
or hospitals because the insurer pays a
greater share of the bill for PPO care than
for that obtained elsewhere.
PPOs differ from that older character on
the health-care stage-the health mainte-
nance organization, or HMO-in that they
do not force the employee to use selected
doctors and hospitals to receive health
benefits.
A lesser form of coalition, in which em-
ployers meet to exchange information on
controlling health-care costs, also is crop-
ping up around the country. Newspapers
in Tampa and St. Petersburg, Fla., and in
Long Beach and Sacramento, Calif., are
part of such coalitions.
HMOs, too, are drawing increasing at-
tention from newspapers. Dating back to
the 1930s, the HMO concept got its big-
gest impetus for growth in 1973 when Con-
gress passed legislation requiring em-
ployers to give employees the option of
joining an HMO where one is available in
the immediate area.
According to their proponents, HMOs
provide health care at lower cost because
participating physicians are typically sala-
ried; they argue that this arrangement is
more conducive to keeping patients
healthy-and out of the hospital-than the
conventional setup in which physician in-
comes are based on fees from care and
hospitalization.
One newspaper where a large number
of employees-43 percent of the total-
have joined an HMO is The Wichita (Kan.)
Eagle-Beacon. James P. Spangler, direc-
tor of employee relations for the paper,
says that "a great number of Wichita doc-
tors participate in the HMO, called 'Health
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
employee relations
Care Plus Inc.,' and in many
cases employees have been
able to retain the family doctor
they had before. We're very
pleased with it."
Changes in plans. But for
most newspapers, efforts to
control the costs of providing
health protection for their em-
ployees have involved changes
in the insurance plan they offer.
One trend is toward self-in-
surance, where an employer-
instead of making premium pay-
ments to an insurance com-
pany-places the money into a
fund that pays doctors and hos-
pitals for covered employee
health care.
For example, Lee Enterprises
Inc. of Davenport, Iowa, re-
cently replaced Blue Cross/Blue
Shield coverage with a self-in-
Steven M. Davis, a Wichita Eagle-Beacon circulation sales man-
ager, gets an explanation of HMO benefits from Lolly M. Appling.
surance plan administered by Bankers Life
Co.
Susan J. Feddersen, Lee's benefits ad-
ministrator, says one of the major advan-
tages is more control over costs. "We
encourage people to shop around (for
health care) like they do for other con-
sumer products," she says.
Lee's employees have a choice of two
options with different worker-contribution
amounts and different benefit payment lev-
els.
The Courier-Journal and The Louisville
Times have been self-insured since Jan-
uary 1982. Claims administration is
handled by Self Insured Services Co.
"We're satisfied with the flexibility that
self-insurance gives us," says Frank J. Bi-
lotta, corporate director of personnel.
Costs continue to rise-"We're at the
mercy of the market," Bilotta says-but he
adds that they likely would be rising even
more under the old insurance plan.
He says the company is now consid-
ering additional cost-containment steps.
Pregnant employees are being made
aware that there are such facilities as
"birthing centers" where costs are consid-
erably less than a hospital's maternity
ward. Emergency-room coverage may be
reduced, he says, and deductibles may be
raised.
Higher deductibles were part of a cost-
containment plan implemented this year
by The State-Record Co. of Columbia,
S.C., which includes two newspapers
there as well as one in Myrtle Beach and
two in Biloxi, Miss. The new plan held a
mid-year premium increase to 14 percent,
rather than 24 percent as originally pro-
posed by the insurance carrier.
The magnitude of the problem of con-
trolling spiraling costs is well-documented
at The State-Record Co. In 1982, paid
claims were 43 percent higher than those
the previous year, and over the past five
years the company experienced an aver-
age annual increase of 31 percent in cost
of paid claims.
The cost-cutting changes in benefits
mean employees will pay more out-of-
pocket for health care, says John W. Gor-
sage, personnel manager of the Columbia
newspapers. On the other hand, he says,
premiums will not increase as much as
originally projected and benefit payments
for surgical coverage will be improved.
Besides increasing major-medical de-
ductibles from $50 to $150 per plan partici-
pant, The State-Record Co. eliminated
coverage for the first day's hospital room
and board for surgical patients unless cer-
tain tests are run before the patient enters
the hospital or unless surgery is performed
within 24 hours of admission.
To encourage outpatient care, the com-
pany's policy covers 90 percent of miscel-
laneous hospital charges up to $620 for in-
hospital care but 100 percent up
to $620 for hospital-like care
provided in a non-hospital set-
ting, such as a so-called "surgi-
center" or a doctor's office.
In addition, the plan was
changed so that the maximum
employees must pay out-of-
pocket before insurance pays
100 percent of charges was in-
creased from $500 to $1,000.
Ferranti of The Miami Herald
says the trend is away from
first-dollar coverage and toward
80-percent copayment cover-
age, after the deductible. "First
dollar" is a term used by benefit
managers to mean that the em-
ployee's very first dollar of med-
ical expenses is covered for
reimbursement, with no deduct-
ible requirement.
Gannett Co. Inc. came out
with a new plan this year that
the company expects will save money
even though the entire insurance premium
is now company-paid. Jacqueline D.
Dienstag, corporate manager of employee
benefits, says the plan has higher deduct-
ibles but offers financial incentives to em-
ployees to be concerned about costs.
Some examples:
? Home health care, where a nurse
comes to the home, is covered 100 per-
cent for 40 days.
? Surgery on an outpatient basis is cov-
ered 100 percent, rather than 80 percent if
performed in the hospital.
? If a second opinion is obtained for 11
stated surgical procedures, there is 100-
percent coverage, rather than 50 percent if
no second opinion was obtained. The idea
is that second opinions sometimes rule out
costly procedures that are unnecessary.
? If non-emergency admission to a
hospital is made on a Friday or Saturday
and no surgery is performed on those
days, the coverage is only 50 percent for
those two days.
? Treatment in an emergency room for
reasons other than an emergency is cov-
ered 50 percent rather than 80 percent.
? Cost of generic prescription drugs are
covered 100 percent, but brand name pre-
scriptions only 80 percent.
Other measures taken by Gannett in-
clude auditing all hospital bills that exceed
$10,000.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
employee relations
Reynolds of the Long Beach daily says
her company orders audits of all bills over
$15,000, "primarily the drug and lab
charges where a high number of errors are
often found." But she cautions that you
have to consider "the cost of auditing ver-
sus the savings you get."
The future. Personnel relations special-
ists anticipate that all such cost-con-
tainment efforts will have to be accelerated
and expanded in years to come. They
point to statistics compiled by the Senate
Special Committee on Aging showing that
unless there is a comprehensive approach
to the problem, by the year 2000 annual
medical costs will average more than
$2,500 (1983 dollars) for every person in
the United States.
Health care costs for employers are al-
ready running at $77 billion a year, accord-
ing to several published reports, and
Goldbeck of the Washington Business
Group on Health says the actual amount
"is larger than that. There is no one group
that is responsible for adding all the fig-
ures."
A survey of 305 chief executive officers
of large U.S. companies, conducted by the
consulting firm William M. Mercer Inc.,
found that while nearly a third expect em-
ployee health benefits will increase over
the next five years, a surprising 25 percent
anticipate they will be decreased during
the period.
Currently, medical benefits are being
trimmed by one in 10 companies, accord-
ing to another survey, this one conducted
by A.S. Hansen, benefits consultants. The
survey of more than 1,600 firms indicated
that employers expect 1984 will be a year
for "fundamental changes" in benefit pro-
grams.
Robert E. Brophy, director of human re-
sources for Scripps-Howard Newspapers
and chairman of the ANPA Subcommittee
on Health and Welfare, says that in the
future, deductibles may be indexed to
wage scales-for example, 1 percent of
pay. Under this plan an employee earning
$26,000 would have an annual deductible
of $260 before benefits began; a coworker
earning $31,000 would have a deductible
of $310.
"I see self-funding of employee benefits
as one of the ways to control costs," Bro-
phy says. "Some people are saying the
day is going to come when we go back to
offering a schedule of benefits (specified
payment amounts for specific proce-
dures)."
Bilotta of the Louisville newspapers pre-
dicts there may be another fundamental
change in the health-care picture of the
future. "On the horizon," he says, "I see
hospitals becoming more competitive and
offering packages" of services to employ-
ers. ^
Some Guild units
disavow sanction
of Mondale bid
The Newspaper Guild's endorsement of
former Vice President Walter F. Mondale
for President in the 1984 election has been
repudiated by some of the union's 32,000
members.
Guild President Charles A. Perlik Jr.
cast the union's votes in favor of the AFL-
CIO's pre-primary endorsement of Mon-
dale without a poll of the membership
[presstime, Nov. 1983, p. 46].
The Wire Service Guild of New York
City, which represents about 2,230 work-
ers at the Associated Press and United
Press International, has dissociated itself
from the endorsement. The Wire Service
Guild's six-member executive committee
voted unanimously to disavow the en-
dorsement based on the local's standing
policy against supporting political candi-
dates.
Four other groups have done likewise-
The Washington Post unit, representing
about 1,350 employees; the Lynn (Mass.)
Daily Evening Item local, about 30 employ-
ees; the unit at The New York Times, rep-
resenting about 2,000 employees; and the
Times' Washington Bureau unit, which has
about 35 members. ^
Binge) apparent loser in bid for re-election
Robert S. McMichen, incumbent first
vice president of the International Typo-
graphical Union, was the apparent winner
in the union's Nov. 16 election for presi-
dent and other international officers.
The defeat of Joe Bingel would mark the
first election since 1944 in which an incum-
bent ITU president was defeated in his bid
for another term [presstime, Nov. 1983,
p. 44].
Bingel, 74, was elected president in
1978 and re-elected in 1980. He was seek-
ing another three-year term.
McMichen was leading by a 58-percent
margin in late November, according to a
preliminary, unofficial count of the returns
from more than half of the nearly 500 lo-
cals. The official tabulation of ballots was
scheduled to begin Nov. 30.
It appeared that Robert L. Wartinger
was re-elected a vice president and that
Thomas W. Kopeck was re-elected secre-
tary-treasurer for three-year terms begin-
ning Jan 1. Allan J. Heritage, who was
unopposed, will become first vice presi-
dent. The race between Raymond E.
Brown and William J. Boarman for a vice
presidential seat was too close to call at
press time.
Before the election, the ITU's five-man
executive council accepted a Bingel rec-
ommendation that a special weekend con-
vention be held shortly after Jan. 1 to con-
sider a document for merger with the
Teamsters.
"If they go ahead with that convention,
they are not listening to the membership,"
said Bertram A. Powers, president of the
ITU's largest local in New York City. Pow-
ers said the principal reason for Bingel's
apparent defeat was membership reaction
against a Teamsters merger without ad-
equate consideration being given to a
merger with the Graphic Communications
International Union.
Another reason, he said, was that the
ITU's 27,000 pensioners "felt Bingel wasn't
paying enough attention to them." Powers
is in favor of a merger with the GCIU rather
than the Teamsters and supported McMi-
chen.
In San Francisco, Leon Olson, president
of Bay Area Typographical Union No. 21,
said that McMichen's election "will slow
down, if not halt, the move toward a
merger with the Teamsters." Olson said
his concern is that a continuation of a split
executive council "may make it difficult to
move in any direction. I hope he (McMi-
chen) does move toward the GCIU." [ 1
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
employee relations
Publication continued
Guild strike at Toronto Star
ends with two-year agreement
More than 1,000 striking employees of
The Toronto Star failed to stop Canada's
largest daily from publishing during a four-
day strike by the Southern Ontario News-
paper Guild.
The union represents about 1,430 ad-
vertising, business office, editorial and cir-
culation workers at the Star. About 150
Guild members crossed the union's picket
line, which was set up Oct. 26.
Pressmen represented by the Graphic
Communications International Union also
crossed the line after they were assured by
the company and the Guild that negotia-
tions would continue during the strike.
Non-union composing room employees
reported for work as well.
A tentative agreement reached Oct. 29
was ratified by the union's members Oct.
30. The new two-year contract, retroactive
to Aug. 1, 1983, provides for a 9-percent
wage increase the first year and a 7-per-
cent increase the second year. The in-
creases are capped at a maximum of
$50.94 a week in the first year and $43.19
Newspaper delivery truck rolls through
Guild picket line at the Star building.
in the second.
During the last day of negotiations, the
union was prepared to accept 9 and 7
percent over two years, but it wanted no
cap. The company agreed to raise the
caps from $48.13 in the first year and from
$40.80 in the second, but only if this action
resulted in an agreement.
The union's bargaining committee sub-
sequently decided to recommend accep-
tance to the full membership.
A clause dealing with layoffs, which the
company wished to eliminate, was contin-
ued in the new agreement, but the com-
pany and union exchanged letters, to be
appended to the contract, limiting the
scope of arbitration hearings on layoffs.
The new agreement had not been for-
mally signed by the parties in late No-
vember. The delay stemmed from a dis-
pute over alleged violations of a Nov. 1 "no
recrimination" agreement between the
company and union. In that agreement,
both sides pledged they would take no
legal or disciplinary action against employ-
ees in connection with their conduct during
the strike.
A Guild publication issued Nov. 4 con-
tained a story with a headline stating
"Scabs will get the silent treatment." The
story quoted the union's executive officer
as saying that union members "who
crossed our picket lines" should be "sent to
Coventry" (ostracized). The story stated:
"This means freeze them out, don't talk to
them, and make their lives as miserable as
you can."
Members at the Guild ratification meet-
ing voted to set up a "committee of recon-
ciliation for repentant scabs" to provide a
"way back from Coventry."
The Star responded with a Nov. 8 letter
from President David R. Jolley to John T.
Bryant, the Guild local's executive officer,
advising that the statements reported in
the union's post-strike tabloid violated the
Nov. 1 "no reprisals" agreement.
Jolley said the Star "will take whatever
actions lie within its power to protect its
employees from this kind of vicious reac-
tion and to guarantee their legal and con-
stitutional rights." He said the Star would
delay the institution of any proceedings
until Nov. 16 to permit Bryant "an opportu-
nity to rescind your directive and take other
steps ... to ensure our employees are not
... harassed or discriminated against."
On Nov. 15, Guild officials assured the
Star that no reprisals would be taken. They
said the union would publish in its official
publication a "correction" that would "clari-
fy" its position with respect to members
who crossed the picket line. ^
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
employee relations
ITU strike in Ontario passes first-year mark
The International Typographical Union
looks like the loser in the only active labor
dispute at a Canadian newspaper.
The ITU took on The Evening Tribune,
the only daily newspaper in the small,
blue-collar city of Welland, Ontario. The
Tribune is part of the Thomson Newspap-
ers Ltd. group, which owns 120 daily
newspapers in North America, most of
them in small cities and many non-
unionized.
The union successfully organized the
front shop-editorial, advertising, circula-
tion and business office-over the winter
of 1981-82. Trouble arose over the first
contract, and talks soon ground to a halt
over wages, union security and benefits.
After six months of bargaining, conciliation
and mediation, the situation erupted Oct.
6, 1982, into what management calls a
strike but the union insists is a lockout
[presstime, Aug. 1983, p. 29].
The ITU, once a craft union concerned
with the back shop of newspapers, has
branched out into the front shop, trying to
bolster its sagging membership with white-
collar workers.
Once on the street in Welland, union
members mounted mass pickets and a
city-wide boycott campaign with the help of
local labor in the solidly unionized town.
After missing a few days at the start of
the dispute, the Tribune resumed daily
publication. Management personnel and
workers from other Thomson papers
crossed picket lines to publish the paper.
With outside workers and independent
distributors trying to drive through angry
pickets, tempers flared. Charges of vio-
lence, intimidation and trespassing were
exchanged. Workers on both sides were
charged with minor offenses. A car belong-
ing to a non-union Tribune worker myste-
riously caught fire and burned, an incident
still under investigation by police.
Now, just over a year from the start of
the dispute, the scene along Welland's
East Main Street is quieter, but the conflict
remains. Mass pickets are infrequent, all
the charges have been dismissed and new
Ross is resources coordinator at the Carleton
University School of Journalism in Ottawa.
workers have been hired by the Tribune to
replace the 36 ITU members still off the
job. Three of the original 40 people have
since broken ranks to return to the Tribune
while one has found a new job.
But the men and women of ITU Local
927 haven't given up. Not far down East
Main Street from the Tribune's offices,
they publish their own flashy tabloid, The
Guardian Express, twice a week. First
published Nov. 3, 1982, to put pressure on
Tribune management by cutting into the
daily's advertising, the Guardian now looks
like it may be part of the Welland
newspaper scene for a long time.
Tribune Publisher John Van Kooten
says he's not worried by the competition.
While Audit Bureau of Circulations figures
for the six months ending Sept. 30 show
Tribune daily paid circulation down to
16,112 from 18,585 before the dispute,
Van Kooten says the Tribune is "a very
healthy paper." He says the paper's re-
cently launched "bingo" promotion netted
"just over 1,200 new starts" in about 10
days. Since the beginning of the promo-
tion, he says, "our linage and ad counts
are both significantly over what we had last
year at this time, before the strike."
Down the street at the storefront office of
The Guardian Express, Ted Thurston, a
former district editor of the Tribune, says
there's no doubt the Guardian is hurting
Upstate Now York y
hit by e ? str k ,
A one- trik+e .a inst?"h ? r-
HeMid, of I r , N.Y., :NOV.
Fulton County Ty cat "On
r No.
M. . ' t
7,77
'1 , struck? over a renewal
contract the nterrf 004n IftWel r
t en t for the
pro"
pressmen had voted earlier this yWir 10"be
represented by the union [pz sttme,
Aug. t3; p. 27].
In vo*V to end walkout, union's
members erd the company's wa"
offer end,withdrew unfair part
cttthe unit had filed vilth"the'NILRB.
Ttw, nevi p. ? ?pt l tion
during the strike, which than Nov. 3.
the Tribune, but he acknowledges the tab-
loid hasn't won the overall battle for the
union. He says the union still considers the
situation to be a labor dispute and is ready
and willing to negotiate.
But with talks deadlocked, Thurston
adds, union members are beginning to
look beyond a contract with the Tribune.
ITU organizer David Esposti says the
union will keep the Guardian going and, if
no contract can be won, find a buyer for it.
The ITU has already sunk about
$100,000 into secondhand typesetting
equipment for the Guardian. It also pays
each member of the tabloid's staff "lockout
pay"-half their Tribune wages. Thurston
says the Guardian has become so profit-
able it has begun giving each worker a
small amount of money to supplement the
ITU strike allowance. The next step for the
tabloid may be to publish three days a
week, he says.
How this dispute reached its current im-
passe is obscured by controversy and an-
ger. Publisher Van Kooten blames the
difficulties on a handful of disgruntled em-
ployees. "The entire dispute could have
been settled long ago," he says, "if it
weren't for the personal bitterness of Ted
Thurston and a clique of 12 or so people
around him." He claims many of the work-
ers would return to the Tribune but are
"afraid" to.
However, other Guardian staffers, in-
cluding those cool to the ITU's conduct of
negotiations, scoff at the notion that
Thurston or anyone manipulated or misled
them.
Where this dispute goes from here is
open to question. Van Kooten says the
Guardian could be around for years. He
clearly expects the Tribune to be around
as well. He says advertisers who tried out
the Guardian are returning because "they
know we have the readership."
For Thurston and the others at the
Guardian, digging in and holding on seem
to be the only options. "We've got that
message out loud and clear to our people,"
Thurston says-"dig in for the long haul
and make this as prosperous as you can
because it's the only hope you've got."
For newspaper readers in Welland, it's
been an exciting year. The excitement
may continue for some time to come. ^
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/09/02 : CIA-RDP90-00806R000100090002-9
employee relations
Arbitrator rules
false VDT entries
warrant discipline
An arbitrator has upheld the one-week
disciplinary suspension of a classified ad-
vertising telephone sales representative at
The Washington Post for entering false
data into a video display terminal.
Ads entered into the computer system
and then killed by the grievant gave her
credit toward an incentive performance bo-
nus. The matter was brought to the atten-
tion of management by a fellow employee
in the department.
After an investigation, during which the
grievant could not explain how the entries
were made, she was suspended.
The Washington-Baltimore Newspaper
Guild contended that the company's evi-
dence was entirely circumstantial. How-
ever, Arbitrator Ira F. Jaffe found the
grievant's denial of any recall regarding
the transactions was "not credible," and he
said the Post was justified in concluding
that she was motivated by a desire to im-
prove artificially her productivity figures to
earn incentive compensation.
"The offense of entry of false data for
any purpose is a serious one which justi-
fies strong disciplinary action," he said. ^
Montana's top court finds
deliverer was employee
The Billings (Mont.) Gazette, its cor-
porate parent Lee Enterprises Inc. and its
insurance company have been found lia-
ble for workers' compensation benefits to a
woman for injuries she received in an auto-
mobile accident after completing delivery
of newspapers.
The woman was driving a car that be-
longed to a male friend who had a delivery
contract with the newspaper. The Montana
Supreme Court ruled 4 to 3 that she was
an employee of her friend and that he was
an employee of the Gazette rather than an
independent contractor.
Earlier this year, in another case involv-
ing an automobile accident, a U.S. District
Court ruled that The Jackson (Tenn.) Sun
could not be held liable for damages for
the alleged negligence of a delivery-route
carrier. The court held that the carrier was
an independent contractor [presstime,
May 1983, p. 55]. ^
Hearing ordered in bargaining dispute
The National Labor Relations Board has p. 30].
scheduled a Jan. 26 hearing before an The dispute is over the company's insis-
administrative law judge on a complaint tence on continuation of a contract clause
alleging that The Blade of Toledo unlaw- giving it the unilateral right to offer early
fully bargained to an impasse on a non- retirement incentives to individual compos-
mandatory subject of bargaining. ing room employees.
The NLRB regional director in Cleve- Levine upheld the newspaper by ruling
land, Bernard Levine, had refused to issue that the matter was a mandatory subject
a complaint after Typographical Union No. that could be bargained to an impasse, but
63 filed charges with the agency. The the NLRB's appeals section decided there
union appealed his decision to the NLRB's are issues in the case that warrant a fur-
office of appeals [presstime, June 1983, ther hearing. ^
Judge dismisses lawsuit over conflict of interest
A discharged reporter's $1.5-million law-
suit against The Leaf-Chronicle of
Clarksville, Tenn., has been dismissed in
Montgomery County Circuit Court.
Robert S. Dollar was fired after he ap-
plied for the job of Clarksville chief of po-
lice. After he announced his plans to apply
for the job, he was advised that seeking it
was a conflict of interest with his job as a
reporter [presstime, July 1981, p. 51 ].
Judge Thomas Boyers III ruled that Dol-
lar was subject to being "employed and
dismissed at will" because he was working
without a contract.
Dollar is appealing to the Tennessee
Court of Appeals. ^
Additional arbitration awards
Columbus (Ohio) Dispatch, Guild: Fred Witney set forth guidelines for the determi-
nation of work that can be performed by non-union circulation district managers without
infringing upon the union's jurisdiction.
Detroit Free Press, Teamsters: Richard Mittenthal found the company was not
prohibited by the labor agreement from charging circulation employees for the cost of
changing locks and issuing replacement keys for those they had lost.
Kamloops (British Columbia) Sentinel, ITU: H. Allan Hope sustained the layoff of a
journeyman printer after finding he lacked the requisite skills to replace an employee with
less seniority.
Minneapolis Star and Tribune, Guild: Thomas P. Gallagher upheld management's
right to change unilaterally the work schedule of circulation district managers.
Monessen (Pa.) Valley Independent, Guild: Hillard Kreimer held that the newspaper
did not violate the labor agreement by making certain changes in work assignments in the
advertising department.
Norristown (Pa.) Times Herald, ITU: Walter H. Powell ruled that the newspaper did
not violate an agreement with its mailers when it began a bundle-drop system of delivery to
carriers.
Terre Haute (Ind.) Tribune-Star, Guild: Charles F. Ipavec converted to a 13-month
disciplinary suspension and demotion the discharge of a striking sports editor who used
press credentials to attend a basketball tournament.
(Full texts available from the ANPA Labor and Personnel Relations Department at The
Newspaper Center.)
voted 19-4
Y? e +:,vC' +1~: k c Y A +., a Noi 39
v V a ' 140815)
W25
1,R0 0, 0~1i4l