PERISCOPE

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP90-00806R000100140003-2
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 34
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: September 2, 2010
• Sequence Number: 3
• Content Type: MISC

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Jourli1il of the Associcltloil of Former Intclligelice Offlce'ri
Casey is Surprise Speaker at AFIO Intelligence Symposium;
DCI Calls for Increased Cooperation in Fighting Terrorism
The Intelligence Community is the first line of
defense against terrorism, Director of Central Intelli-
gence William J. Casey told a packed house at AFIO's
fourth annual National Intelligence Symposium in
Naples, Florida. Casey was an unannounced speaker at
the May 5th symposium which is sponsored by the
Naples Daily News and Palmer Communications and
coordinated by the Association of Former Intelligence
Officers
Addressing the conference theme, "Intelligence-
A Defense Against Terrorism," Casey observed that ter-
rorism is a phenomenon that now touches every area
of the world, adding that the intelligence agencies are
essential in dealing with the problem. "Terrorism
reaches out, quickly and secretly, to strike without
warning. No country can fight them on their own,"
Casey said. To counter terrorist actions, Casey stressed
the importance of collaborating with other friendly
nations. He stressed that U.S. intelligence had concrete
proof that Khadafy was behind recent terrorist acts
before the decision was reached to retaliate against
Libya, a policy action he supported.
Without confirming press reports as to the details
of such intelligence information, Casey expressed con-
cern about public exposure after the raid of some of the
intelligence elements. "The reality is that any time you
disclose intelligence information, you tell the enemy
something they can use. If you strike against a country
like Libya, you have to have good reason for it." Casey
called for new ways to plug unauthorized disclosure of
intelligence information to the press and more restraint
by the media in covering terrorism.
On Central American issues, Casey predicted that,
without involvement of U.S. military forces, the resist-
ance to the Marxist state in Nicaragua (the "Contras")
ultimately will cause the Sandinista government to col-
lapse. He detailed the foreign training being given the
Sandinistas, including terrorist training in Libya. If the
Sandinistas consolidate a communist base in Central
America, the DCI said, "We can expect Nicaragua will
become the Beirut of the Western Hemisphere," and
communist expansion in the region will become a reality.
DCI Casey concluded by urging the public to sup-
Former KGB Officer
Analyzes Soviet Moves
Although the name of the speaker could not be
announced, for personal security reasons, before he
assumed the podium at AFIO's summer luncheon,
June 9th, the audience's suspense was rewarded. For
over an hour, former KGB Major Stanislav Levchenko,
an active measures specialist, provided deep insight
into Soviet intelligence operations conducted against
the free world. Although by advance agreement the
speaker's remarks were "off-the-record," he agreed
that the principal themes could be noted in Periscope.
Particularly attention-getting was his astute analy-
sis of the recent promotion of Anatoly Dobrynin to head
the International Department of the Soviet Central
Committee. Dobrynin, the former USSR ambassador at
Washington, has been portrayed by U.S. media as likely
to have a more sympathetic view of the United States,
an understanding which would sway Soviet leadership
toward peace.
STAT
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port the work of CIA ("The CIA is the only worldwide
intelligence operation that is on our side") and to
encourage promising young people to consider careers
with the agency. "Intelligence is the first line of defense
against terrorism and Soviet aggression," Casey said,
noting that intelligence is only as good as the agency
recruits and the help it gets from the nation's citizens.
Jack Thomas and Dave Phillips
Address Symposium
Maj. Gen. Jack E. Thomas, (USAF-Ret.)
THOMAS CAUTIONS ON LEAKS, OPENNESS
"We'll never know how many people didn't come
forward with information for fear that their names will
be exposed," said Maj. Gen. Jack E. Thomas (USAF-
Ret.), in discussing the effect of intelligence leaks on
the nation. He warned that the intelligence services of
other nations are fearful of cooperating with the United
States because of the possibility of exposure of the rela-
tionship in the press, usually by a cadre of authors and
reporters who will publish anything on intelligence and
the CIA that they can discover.
Any covert work by U.S. agencies is subject to such
leaks of vital intelligence because the Intelligence
Community operates under the review of several com-
mittees and the Attorney General. He detailed the
responsibilities of the House and Senate intelligence
oversight committees and the President's Foreign Intel-
ligence Oversight Board. "We have a lot of people look-
ing over our shoulders," Thomas said.
Maj. Gen. Thomas, who serves as chairman of the
board of AFIO and as a consultant to the Department of
Defense on intelligence matters, noted that intelligence
agencies must learn to function in a goldfish bowl, yet
develop the discipline within government to protect
such information. Those who disagree with any aspect
of intelligence operations, he said, can leak the infor-
mation to the press and destroy any hope of success of
a particular covert activity. "We need a revival of a
sense of discipline within those with access to informa-
tion. Our intelligence capabilities are part of the blade of
the U.S. sword," he said.
The speaker also discussed his worries about the
future of U.S. intelligence groups. "Intelligence is not a
required expenditure like Social Security. It's a discre-
tionary expenditure.", The proposed budgetary cuts of
the Gramm-Rudman-Hollings bill could seriously hurt
U.S. intelligence efforts, he said. After the serious
budget and personnel cuts of the 1 970s, for the past six
years the intelligence agencies have experienced ex-
panded budgets in an effort to rebuild lost capability.
"Will the U.S. stay the course?" Thomas asked. "This is
a serious concern."
PHILLIPS BRIGHTENS MOOD
Anyone who has heard David Atlee Phillips regale
an audience with anecdotes from his intelligence career
could have anticipated the reaction of the audience
who heard him speak at the Symposium. The mood
was laughter.
He told the tale of a chance meeting with a Soviet
agent on a train between New York and Washington.
The spy attempted to develop a relationship with Phil-
lips, no doubt encouraged by Phillips' carefully-honed
responses to the Russian's questions. After receiving
the spy's business card, Phillips revealed his identity as
a former CIA officer who then headed an association of
former intelligence officers, AFIO. The Russian wanted
his business card back. "He didn't get it," Phillips noted.
Phillips, who has been a popular lecturer since
retiring from CIA where he served as chief of Latin
American operations, observed that there has been a
dramatic swing in audience reaction over the last
decade. "In 1975-76, appearing on college campus
was more rough than any other assignment you could
get," he noted, recalling an incident in which he was
challenged and harassed by hundreds of protesters at
the University of Wisconsin. In comparison, he was
pleased to report that during a recent visit to a Califor-
nia campus he was applauded by the students when he
turned the tables on an opposing speaker who depicted
himself as wearing the "white hat" and attempted to
portray Phillips as "the man in the black fiat."
It is not the black hat or the cloak and dagger that
Phillips proposes as a symbol of the work of CIA.
Rather, he suggested that the logo should be of a
typewriter and a stack of 3x5 cards. It is those cards,
with bits and pieces of information, that can make the
difference in resolving intelligence matters, he said.
"Of course, intelligence can make a difference,"
Phillips insisted. He recalled several situations where
terrorists were captured because of the fitting together
of such bits and pieces of information. He cited a case
in which CIA intelligence brought about the release of a
former female diplomat who was being held for a ran-
som of one million dollars. Instead of a plane to take
them to Cuba with the ransom they had anticipated,
Phillips said, the terrorists finally chose to surrender. It
seems that CIA had bugged the provisions sent to the
terrorists and manipulated a radio station to which the
terrorists were listening. The broadcasts derided their
"machismo" by giving the impression that comrades of
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the terrorists were deriding them because they kid-
napped a defenseless woman.
On a more serious note, Phillips recalled an occa-
sion in which intelligence reports permitted CIA to pre-
vent the kidnapping of officials visiting a Latin American
country which the terrorists planned to use as a base
for attacking a neighboring state. Both attempts were
foiled by intelligence, he said.
Ray Wannall and Tom Polgar Warn of Terrorist Aims
"Terrorism is aimed at your mind and it can end up
destroying the will to resist," W. Raymond Wannall,
former asistant director of the FBI, told the Symposium
audience. State-supported terrorism, as with the pres-
ent Libyan situation, he said, is as much a part of the
international conflict as is war. It may be called "low-
intensity warfare," Wannall indicated, yet such a label
might not be appropriate since people are being blown
up by terrorist bombs. It is also important to recognize,
he warned, that although there have been no major
wars in recent years, seventeen countries have been
drawn under the domination of the USSR. Although
supporting military retaliation against Libyan targets,
Wannall suggested "I think that covert action would be
much more desirable in some instances. I believe the
public is much more inclined to support it now." The
former FBI official also proposed that federal legislation
make terrorist acts federal crimes.
During his service with the FBI, Wannall-a mem-
ber of AFIO's governing board-was responsible for
foreign counterintelligence, espionage, terrorism and
domestic intelligence. It was his fourth visit as a sym-
posium speaker.
POLGAR WARNS OF OVER-REACTION
If covert action against Libya's Moammar Khadafy
had been allowed, it would have yielded better results
than the U.S. air raid of April 14th, Thomas Polgar told
the symposium. In fact, he said, the U.S. air raid may
spawn greater terrorism: "The brother or son of those
killed in the Libya bombing will remember and come
back to haunt us some day."
Polgar, a former CIA officer who recently served as
a consultant to the Vice President's Task Force for
Combating Terrorism, assured the audience that he did
not disagree completely with the Administration's deci-
sion to mount the air attack in retaliation for proven
Libyan terrorist incidents. Rather, the veteran intelligence
officer suggested that covert action might have had the
same or greater result without arousing a similar moti-
vation for retaliation against the U.S. on the part of the
Libyan people. To counter terrorist activity, he said, it
may be necesary for the United States to adopt uncon-
ventional responses. Instead of the bombing raid, Pol-
gar suggested it might have been more effective to
send a small team of men into the country to destroy all
of Libya's airplanes on the ground.
Covert action, he said, can be an important tool for
combating terrorism, and yet be less expensive than
military action. He made clear, however, that the CIA is
not as free to take such action as contemporary wisdom
might suggest. There is a saying in Latin America, Pol-
gar recalled, that if you cut off a snake's head, that's the
Thomas Polgar
remedy against the snake. "The CIA could not kill a
known terrorist," he reminded the audience. The U.S.
Government will not allow that. Yet, that same govern-
ment can send planes to another country to drop bombs
that kill many, including some innocents.
Other remedies against terrorism, Polgar suggested,
are fostering a sound working relationship with other
countries and exercising a more disciplined approach to
handling news of terrorism. "Terrorism feeds on public-
ity; Terrorists all over the world are competing for news
media attention. It's an unfortunate trend," he said. Yet,
the speaker stressed that the United States should not
go overboard in its reaction to terrorism. There are over
50 Islamic terrorist groups in the world, he noted, and
another 100 or more other terrorist groups with differ-
ent motivation. These groups generated over 800 ter-
rorist incidents in the world during 1985, leaving 23
Americans dead. Putting that figure in perspective, Pol-
gar recalled that during that same period 40,000 Amer-
icans died in automobile accidents and 18,000 were
victims of homicide.
If government policy is driven by over-reaction to
terrorism, and individuals and businesses change their
lifestyles, then the terrorists have accomplished some
of their goals, he said. "The terrorists are succeeding in
doing something they have been unable to do before-
placing physical barriers between our government and
the people, just like the Kremlin," he commented in
reaction to the building of anti-terrorist containments
around government building and the billions of dollars
to be spent in fortifying U.S. installations abroad.
The bad news, he reminded, is that terrorism is not
going to go away. "We are talking about a problem for
which there is no easy solution. These organizations
are very secretive; It will take time to build our intelli-
gence network," Polgar said. "I don't think it will be
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resolved any more than you resolve heart disease. We
must learn to live with terrorism as we learn to live with
heart disease." There is no instant solution, he sug-
gested. The speaker did not leave U.S. policies unques-
tioned and noted the truism that "One man's terrorist is
another man's freedom fighter. Some things aren't
always evaluated in the same manner." As an example,
he observed Margaret Thatcher's criticism of Ameri-
cans who support the terrorism of the Irish Republic
Army. There is more financial support to the IRA com-
ing from the United States, he said, than Libya is send-
ing abroad to support terrorism.
'Every man owes a part of his time and
money to the business or industry in which he is
engaged. No man has the moral right to withhold
his support from an organization that is striving to
improve conditions within his sphere."
Local Support and Sponsorship Boost Symposium
LOCAL COOPERATION OUTSTANDING
The symposium opened with an invocation by the
Rev. Robert H. Fox, followed by opening remarks by
John Arson Smith and Harold P. Ransburg, co-chairmen
of the symposium committee. Introductory remarks
were by Hon. Edwin J. Putzell, mayor of the host city
and a member of AFIO. Closing remarks were by Smith
and John K. Greaney, executive director of AFIO.
Denyse Smith coordinated the volunteer staff, assisted
by Mary Franks, Cathy Caldwell and John Mezzapella.
In advance of the event, Col. William T. Hornaday, pres-
ident of the Southwest Florida Chapter, AFIO, sent an
announcement to all forty-four national members of
AFIO residing in the area. With Col. Don Randell and
Herman 0. Bly, he was also successful in convincing
the largest newspaper in the Southwest Florida area,
the Fort Myers News-Press, in publicizing the sympo-
sium. The Naples Daily News and the Lee Constitution
also gave the meeting exceptional news and photogra-
phic coverage.
AFIO member Charles Phillip Elliott, Elliott Enterprises, sponsor of the symposium reception, with executive
director John Greaney and Mrs. Greaney.
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AFIO chairman Maj. Gen. Jack E. Thomas and DCI William J. Casey get the word from AFIO board member
David Atlee Phillips.
Homer Dixon, manager of Palmer Communications; AFIO member Edwin J. Putzell, Jr., mayor of Naples,
Florida; DCI William J. Casey; Timothy O'Connor, president, Nap/es Daily News; and Corbin Wyant, publisher
of the Naples Daily News.
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Convention Tidings
It is great to report the enthusiasm with which the
Florida members of AFIO have joined in to work on the
Convention plans. The Convention Chairman is Tom
Polgar and for those members who were not acquainted
with him during his career with CIA, we can tell you
that his last assignment was in Germany. Since he
retired, he has been called on to serve as a consultant
to the Vice President's Commission on Terrorism. He
has also written several articles for the Miami Herald
which were subsequently printed in other Knight-
Ridder papers. He is the author of the third pamphlet in
the AFIO Intelligence Profession Series, entitled "The
KGB - An Instrument of Soviet Power" and also was a
speaker at the AFIO Naples Symposium in May.
Tom had a Convention organizational meeting at
the Holiday Inn in Orlando on April 29th, and it was
great to see that twenty-two AFIO members came,
some with their spouses, many who had driven over
two hours to attend. The meeting resulted in getting an
understanding of what the Florida members want in
the way of activities, including comfortable dress. There
are so many tourist attractions in and around Orlando
that we have not tried to schedule group visits. The
logistics are rather cumbersome and most members
attending the planning meeting thought each attendee
would prefer to make his or her own arrangements.
The major consideration for the convention is to provide
as many as possible speakers with current ties to the
topics which are to be discussed.
A more detailed explanation is contained in the
convention flyer enclosed with this issue of Periscope.
Remember, hotel reservations go to the hotel; Conven-
tion reservations should be sent to AFIO headquarters.
There is a lot of enthusiasm about the convention and
we do hope each member will plan to attend. The hotel
has room to accommodate up to nine hundred for the
banquet. We would like to see that many attend. Up to
now, the largest attendance was four hundred at the
1982 banquet at the Springfield Holiday Inn. Tom Pol-
gar would like to hear from you if you want to partici-
pate. Call him at [phone].
Members wishing to attend the Convention should
remember that AFIO can provide Delegate letters to be
used in filing your 1986 tax return. Under the current
law, IRS permits a taxpayer to take a deduction as a
charitable donation the expenses of travel and lodging
in connection with the AFIO Convention, since AFIO
has a Federal Tax exemption under section 501(C)(3).
A word of caution with airline reservations. We
have been told some airlines have a 50% surcharge if
you buy tickets at a Super Saver rate and then change
your travel schedule. Read the fine print and ask ques-
tions when you buy your tickets.
AFIO's Greaney Debates Ex-Post Editor on CBS
According to Howard Simons, head of the Neiman
Fellowship Program at Harvard, terrorism "has given
Casey an ally in bashing the press," referring to the
Director of Central Intelligence and others in govern-
ment intent on keeping intelligence secrets. "And, if a
government official says publication of a story will kill
an ability to gain necessary intelligence, that's pretty
heavy stuff."
Simons' remarks came during a debate on CBS'
Nightwatch in which the former managing editor of the
Washington Post was confronted by John Greaney,
Executive Director of the Association of Former Intelli-
gence Officers (AFIO). At issue were the disclosures of
sensitive intelligence data by the press in the wake of
the trial of former-NSA employee Ronald W. Pelton. To
Simons, the First Amendment guarantee of a free press
is essential to protecting democracy; to Greaney, the
First Amendment is not "a holy grail" giving the press
unrestricted freedom.
In debating the point, Greaney told network view-
ers that "There are limits to the First Amendment." He
argued that DCI Casey was not only within his authority
in seeking to invoke a 1950 law barring disclosure of
communications intelligence, he was obliged to do so
because of his legal responsibility to protect intelligence
sources and methods. "Casey," Greaney said, "is carry-
ing out the statutory mandate given him by Congress,
which was elected by the people." Indeed, the AFIO
official noted, if the DCI had not pressed for prosecution
as a result of the disclosures, he would be subject to
prosecution himself, accused "by someone on Capitol
Hill or the Washington Post-of obstructing justice."
Simons voiced the opinion that until the appoint-
ment of Casey, CIA directors were less confrontational
in dealing with the press, and the DCIs would visit jour-
nalists' offices "or invite us out to Langley." "Many
times," Simons said, "we're asked by government offi-
cials not to publish something, and many times we
didn't." In those instances, he said, the government
officials made a persuasive case that publication would
damage the interests of the U.S. He acknowledged,
however, that "Sometimes the Post would override
objections and publish."
To the tired cliche that the press was only publish-
ing what was already known to the Soviets as a result
of espionage, Greaney responded, "The only way the
Washington Post would know what classified informa-
tion was given the Soviets was if the Washington Post
gave it to the Soviets!"
Simons insisted that Casey's call for prosecution
under the 1950 law has had a "chilling effect" on jour-
nalists. "People will think twice" before printing intelli-
gence information that might provoke government
action, "three times" if the media organization is smaller
and less powerful than the Post.
Greaney, who at one time served as an associate
general counsel for CIA, praised the responsibility shown
by some segments of the press. He noted, for example,
that the position of the Post in eliminating certain
information dealing with intelligence collection tech-
nology had been a responsible one, to which Simons
replied, "That was after their head was bashed in."
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Notes from National
After many requests, we are pleased to announce
that we have received a supply of the "new" AFIO
decals. They are four inches in diameter, transparency
with adhesive for use on the inside of automobile win-
dows. The decals are $1.00 each. Lapel pins are still
available at $5.00 each.
We would like to call your attention to a member-
ship contest that Dick Grant held with his Montana
chapter. The AFIO members of Victor, in the Western
part of Montana, challenged the AFIO members in Mis-
soula to a dinner paid for by the losers, to see which
group could recruit the largest number of new AFIO
members in a three month period. We think this idea
could be applied to other chapters with some adjust-
ments. The best way to get new members is to ask your
friends. AFIO has added 200 new members since Jan-
uary, when an application was sent with the News
Commentary to each member, asking that you pass it
along to a friend. It is your Association and we hope you
will continue to help it grow.
Our office continues to receive several calls each
day from representatives of the national media. both
print and electronic, and we are pleased to answer their
questions. AFIO has been recognized by the media to
be one of the organizations to contact for unclassified
information concerning the Intelligence Community. It
may be useful for the chapters to contact the local
media and offer. answers to their questions concerning
the Intelligence Community. Many papers would wel-
come op-ed articles on current topics from AFIO
members.
The AFIO luncheons held in the Washington area
have continued to be sold-out with the space limited to
450 persons at Fort Myer. We welcome your sugges-
tions on larger facilities with reasonable costs.
NEW LIFE MEMBERS
Mr. Delbert W. BIDDLE
San Francisco, California
Capt. J. E. DOLAN, USMC(Ret.)
Garrett Park, Maryland
Miss Charlotte E. MESICK
Tucson, Arizona
Elizabeth V. MULLADY
(Mrs. Bernard R.)
Springfield, Virginia
Mr. Arthur P. DONOVAN
Vienna, Virginia
Mr. Charles Phillip ELLIOTT
Naples, Florida
Mr. Royal T. GOODDEN
Fort Myer, Virginia
CAPT William C. GREEN, USN(Ret.)
San Francisco, California
LtCol Lorenzo H. HERRING, Jr.
Lexington, Kentucky
Mr. Peter S. HITCHCOCK
Mentor, Ohio
Mr. Ralph H. HUBBARD, Jr.
Greenwich, Connecticut
Mr. George E. JOANNIDES
Potomac, Maryland
Mr. Floyd W. LUCAS, Jr.
Hickory, North Carolina
Mr. Dudley E. MERCER
Arlington, Virginia
Mr. Archimedes L. A. PATTI
Maitland, Florida
Mr. Franklin PETERS
Trevose, Pennsylvania
Mr. Millard F. RICE
Villa Hills, Kentucky
Mr. Richard SCHWARTZBARD
Arlington, Virginia
Mrs. Eleanor Madge STEIN
Tequesta, Florida
CDR John H. TOLER, USN(Ret.)
Warrenton, Virginia
LTG James A. WILLIAMS, USA(Ret.)
Great Falls, Virginia
Mr. Sam WILSON
Fairfax, Virginia
Col Edward WOOTTEN, USAF(Ret.)
Vero Beach, Florida
Dr. Samuel S. WRAY, Jr.
Newport Beach, California
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WWII Intelligence Officer
Honored at White House
In a 30 May ceremony in the Roosevelt Room at
the White House, President Ronald Reagan presented
the Distinguished Service Medal posthumously to Cap-
tain Joseph J. Rochefort, (USN-Ret.), in recognition of
his "exceptionally meritorious service" from March
through June 1942.
In his remarks, the President noted in relation to
Captain Rochefort's contribution to the Battle of Mid-
way, that "if ever there was a battle involving tens of
thousands of men in which victory was attributable to
one man, this one was attributable to Joseph J. Roche-
fort." President Reagan quoted naval historian Captain
Edward L. Beach who said, "To Joe Rochefort must
forever go the acclaim for having made more differ-
ence, at a more important time, than any other naval
officer in history."
The medal was received by Colonel Joseph J.
Rochefort, Jr. (USA-Ret.), the awardee's son, and the
citation was presented to Mrs. Janet Rochefort Elerd-
ing, Captain Rochefort's daughter. Also present at the
ceremony were Mrs. J. J. Rochefort, Jr., Mr. Charles
Elerding, and three grandsons of Captain Rochefort:
Charles Ernest Elerding III, Joseph John Elerding and
James Edward Elerding.
The President observed that "in celebrating the
memory of Joseph J. Rochefort, we also celebrate the
achievements of the thousands of other men and
women of our national intelligence community who
anonymously serve our country without expectation of
recognition or reward. They also deserve the admira-
tion and respect of a grateful nation."
Attending the ceremony were: Vice President
George Bush, Secretary of Defense Casper W. Wein-
berger, Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Admiral
William J. Crowe, Chief of Naval Operations Admiral
James D. Watkins, Director of Naval Intelligence Rear
Admiral William O. Studeman, Commander of the
Naval Security Command Rear Admiral Don H. McDo-
well, Deputy Director of Central Intelligence Robert M.
Gates, Presidential Chief of Staff Donald T. Regan, and
Presidential Advisor for National Security Affairs Vice
Admiral John M. Poindexter. Also in the audience were
several retired naval officers who had served with Cap-
tain Rochefort during World War II.
The effort to re-open the issue of recognition,
denied Captain Rochefort previously, was undertaken
by interested and concerned friends and colleagues
during the latter part of 1982. Based on the large
volume of World War II intelligence materials then
being declassified and placed in the public domain, it
was finally possible to reconstruct in detail the full
chain of events leading up to the Batle of Midway as
well as the questionable treatment accorded thereafter
to then-Commander Rochefort. Documentation of the
matter increased over the next two years as scholars
reviewed newly-released materials, encouraging Secre-
tary of the Navy John Lehman to approve the post-
humous award in October 1985.
The most detailed and complete accounting of the
work performed by Station HYPO under Rochefort's
Col. Joseph J. Rochefort, Jr., and Mrs. Janet Roche-
fort Elerding receive the Distinguished Service Medal
honoring their father from President Ronald Reagan.
Official White House Photo by Pete Souza
command at Pearl Harbor is contained in the recently-
published memoir of Rear Admiral Edwin T. Layton,
And / Was There. Admiral Layton drew on his own
memory and experiences as Fleet Intelligence Officer to
Admiral Nimitz, supported by research and documenta-
tion of the same declassified records used to justify the
belated award to Captain Rochefort.
The pertinent portion of the citation is as follows:
"By virtue of his superb professional knowledge,
astute guidance, and personal dedication, Captain (then
Commander) Rochefort provided technical expertise
and inspiring leadership to discover, analyze and pro-
vide the Fleet Commander-in-Chief astoundingly timely
and accurate intelligence on Japanese naval plans and
intentions leading to the Battle of Midway in June
1942. The information provided by Captain Rochefort's
Radio Intelligence Unit served as a singular basis for
the Fleet Commander-in-Chief to plan his defenses,
deploy his limited forces, and devise strategy to ensure
U.S. Navy success in engaging the Japanese forces at
Midway. His unrelenting efforts in this endeavor and
the intelligence information he developed resulted in a
Naval engagement with the Japanese fleet that is
acknowledged as the turning point of the Pacific War."
[Editor's Note: Credit is due AFIO member Rear
Admiral Donald "Mac" Showers, who was the instiga-
tor and the prime mover behind the effort to obtain this
long-overdue recognition for the late Captain Rochefort.
Admiral Showers worked under Rochefort during the
crucial months of 1942, and he knew first-hand the
results achieved at the time, as well as the indignities
suffered by Captain Rochefort. Not until previously-
classified files became available, however, was the full
extent of the vindictiveness visited on Captain Roche-
fort known. This information, some of which is noted in
the review of Admiral Layton's book in the last issue of
Periscope, combined with the declassified COMINT
from 1942, became the basis for appealing successfully
to correct the injustice. It may be expected that, as addi-
tional wartime classified materials are released, other
heroes of the shadow war will, at long last, receive
similar recognition. Periscope salutes Admiral Showers
and the other men of station HYPO among our
membership.]
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President Salutes Intelligence At OSS Veterans' Dinner in D.C.
A clear tribute to the men and women of the
nation's intelligence services was the focus of Presi-
dent Ronald Reagan's remarks before the Veterans of
OSS dinner in Washington, May 29th. In receiving the
organization's highest award, the Donovan Medal, the
President remarked, "It is a great honor to receive this
award from all of you. But it seems to me we have this
award-giving a little backward tonight. I can't think of a
more distinguished gathering than this one, nor can I
think of any group whose accomplishments and devo-
tion to country makes them more worthy of accolades
and praise."
"And yet, it's precisely that praise and those acco-
lades," President Reagan continued, "that you decided
to forego when you chose a twilight war, a secret pro-
fession, a profession where praise and thanks can only
come from history and not from your contemporaries.
And, it's because secrecy has been your business that
you all know how vital it is to your nation's safety and
freedom's survival."
Recalling George Washington's urgings for secrecy
in intelligence matters, the President noted, "Even
then, Washington seemed to sense that this business
of secrecy did not come easily to us Americans. We're
rightly regarded as a candid and open people who pride
ourselves on our free society. And yet our secret ser-
vices, our spies and intelligence agencies-from Nathan
Hale to Midway, from OSS to CIA-have not written
just a striking, stirring chapter in our history, but have
often provided the key to victory in war and the preser-
vation of our freedom during an uneasy peace. And,
that is why I'm delighted to be here tonight. None of
America's intelligence agents have inspired and pro-
tected their nation more than the men and women of
OSS.".. .
"Tonight I join you to honor the memory of Bill
Donovan and all the veterans of OSS, those who heard
no bugles and received no medals, but who struggled
and sacrificed so that freedom might endure. Let me
say to each of you tonight what the American people
would have said 40 years ago had they known your story.
Let me say to each of you tonight what every living
American would say if he or she had a chance: We
honor you, we salute you, we thank you for a job well
done."
The President noted his administration's efforts to
rebuild intelligence capabilities denuded in recent years.
"I know each of you has continued to work for the
cause of freedom since the end of World War II, and
especially the preservation of America's intelligence
capability. You know better than most how important
that capability is. I think all of us can feel grateful that,
in the last few years, that capability has seen a renais-
sance; indeed, the revitalization of an intelligence
community is among the things we celebrate here
tonight. And, yes, it's true this administration has given
unstinting support to that effort. And, let me assure
you: that will continue."
In paying tribute to the past and present leadership
of the intelligence community, the President noted that
for more than half of CIA's existence its leadership has
been in the hands of OSS veterans-Dulles, Helms,
Colby and Casey. "And while there are many who have
made a vital contribution to [revitalizing intelligence], I
think all of you know who the linchpin is ... His name is
Bill Casey. He has been your leader, he is our leader
and a good friend, and surely one of the heroes of
America's fight for freedom in the post-war era. So
tonight, Bill Casey, your President and the Veterans of
OSS salute you. And in saluting Bill Casey we salute all
those past and present who carry on the twilight war
against totalitarianism."
Turning to world affairs, President Reagan said:
"In your citation you speak of this administration's
commitment to a forward strategy for freedom, and
sometimes the question has been asked, what do we
mean by this? Is this a return to John Foster Dulles? I
would say to you, the phrasing of the question itself is
wrong, for it contains an assumption that the march of
communism is something unavoidable-that those who
stand in its way are trying to throw back the forces of
history.
"Well, look around the world today. More than 90
percent of the people of Latin America are living in
democratic nations or nations moving toward democracy-
a striking change from only a few years ago. More
Asian and European countries are rejecting statism,
moving toward the free market and democratic institu-
tions. And then there is the revolution among the intel-
lectuals, where statist and totalitarian ideology is now
passe. And we are seeing anti-communist insurgencies
in many parts of the world. So the evidence is there-
freedom is on the march. Our forward strategy for free-
dom means simply that we recognize this-that freedom
today is a gathering tide, one that will soon engulf even
the driest desert patches of totalitarian rule. The truth is
this-'The march of providence is so slow and our
desire so impassioned,' Robert E. Lee said once, 'the
work of progress is so immense and our means of aid-
ing it so feeble, the life of humanity is so long, that of
the individual so brief, that we often see only the ebb of
the advancing wave and are thus discouraged. It is his-
tory that teaches us to hope.'
"Well, as we look at secret events in the light of
post-war history, we can see that hope everywhere we
look and turn. And it is not just us alone. Think how
those must feel who only a few years ago despised us
for what they saw as our weakness and staked their
fortune on our doom. I think, in particular, of one man
who is the symbol of much that was wrong with our
world. How uneasy must be the Moscow nights of Kim
Philby as he sees the new will, vigor and energy of the
West, and especially the renaissance of our intelligence
services. How he and others like him must realize that it
was those they betrayed who are on the winning side
after all.
"We pray God that it will be so, that the struggle
against totalitarianism will end in freedom's triumph
perhaps even in our own lifetime. But whether we see
that day or not, we are confident that it will come. And
when it does arrive, historians will look back to moments
like this and to people like you-to the Veterans of the
OSS-and say as the ancients said of their heroes, here
were the brave and here their place of honor. Thank
you and God bless you."
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AFIO Joins Salute To Nathan
On June 6th, a small band of former intelligence
officers, accompanied by an honor guard from the Vete-
rans of Foreign Wars, assembled at the statue of
Nathan Hale in Washington to pay honor to the Revolu-
tionary war intelligence officer. The commemoration,
which coincided with Hale's birthdate, was part of the
intelligence veterans' observance of National Intelli-
gence Community Week.
Lieutenant General Eugene F. Tighe, Jr. (USAF-
Ret.), president of the Association of Former Intelli-
gence Officers, spoke of the symbolism of Hale's sacrifice
as a wreath was placed at the base of the statue and a
uniformed member of the VFW played taps. Larry SuIc,
an AFIO member and president of the Nathan Hale
Institute, placed the commemoration in perspective:
""Throughout American history, until well into the
second world war, our nation depended repeatedly on
amateur intelligence personnel to fill its needs in this
vital area. These were the "minutemen of intelligence,"
if you will. Nathan Hale was one of those countless
American civilians who over two centuries rallied to the
colors n time of need. He became a soldier and he
became a spy. 'I wish to be useful,' he said, 'and every
kind of service necessary to the public good becomes
honorable by becoming necessary.'
"Early in the war he led a daring 'special operation'
against the British in New York Harbor. Leading a small
group of volunteers, he succeeded in seizing an enemy
supply vessel, protected by the guns of a man-of-war,
without loss of life on either side. He thus captured
desperately-needed supplies for Washington's forces.
"Hale was untrained and unequipped for his final
intelligence mission. He lacked a cipher, contact instruc-
tions and a communication system. He was without
administrative or headquarters support. His case officer
was dead, killed the day after the young captain was
dispatched. Hale had volunteered for a dangerous mis-
sion and, although ill-prepared against great odds,
through his own initiative, resourcesfulness and per-
sonal courage, he nonetheless succeeded in every
respect except one. On his way back through the 'no
man's land' between the lines, he failed to elude a
patrol of the enemy's best 'special forces' unit. Every
school child has heard of Roger's Rangers; it was these
elite troops who captured the inexperienced, 21-year-
old soldier-spy.
"America is indeed fortunate today to have per-
manent, professional intelligence services and to have
within them so many skilled, dedicated people, deter-
mined to keep America free. We need to recognize the
continuing contribution of these people in our national
intelligence community. So, today we honor the memory
of Captain Nathan Hale, an early practitioner of Ameri-
can intelligence, who symbolizes the selfless dedication
of our nation's intelligence personnel. Hale regretted
that he had 'but one life to lose' for his country, but he
had told a friend before he departed on that fateful
mission: 'If the exigencies of my country demand a
peculiar service, its claims to perform that service are
imperious.' We thank Nathan Hale for his service and
his example, and we express our appreciation to the
personnel of our national intelligence community today."
Hale
AFIO's vice president and president, Walter L. Pforz-
heimer and Lt. Gen. Eugene F. Tighe, Jr., lay wreath
honoring Nathan Hale.
IN MEMORIAM
Mr. Milton H. BROWN
Fort Valley, Georgia
LtCol Jerry A. BUNNELL, USAF(Ret.)
Carmel, Indiana
LCDR Robert J. CALHOUN, Jr., USNR(Ret.)
Pinehurst, North Carolina
Mr. Richard D. CRAWFORD
Falls Church, Virginia
Mr. Werner G. DIETRICH
Fairfax, Virginia
Col Preston E. JAMES
Honolulu, Hawaii
Mr. John E. McGOWAN
Honolulu, Hawaii
Mr. Stephen C. MILLETT
Bristol, Rhode Island
CPT George E. PRUJAN
Silver Spring, Maryland
Dr. Sam S. WOLLINGTON, M.D.
Pomona, California
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Nominees for the AFIO Board of Directors
Served from 1958 to 1975 with the
Central Intelligence Agency in the
Office of Communications, Engineering
Staff. From 1975 to 1981 he was an
Assistant Deputy Undersecretary of
Defense, Intelligence. He subsequently
became Vice President of the Planning
Research Corporation and is currently
Vice President and Manager of the Washington operations
for IRT Corporation. Dr. Babcock has been a member of
AFIO since 1981.
His intelligence service began with
the U.S. Army in 1944 and served a
second tour with the Army from 1948
to 1953. Is retired from the U.S. Army
Reserves and is currently an insurance
broker. He has been an AFIO member
since 1977 and became a Life member
in 1982.
Served thirty-six years with the
National Security Agency and retired
as the Deputy Director for Operations.
In 1982 she was awarded the National
Security Medal. She has been a member
of AFIO since 1982 and a member of
the Board of Directors since 1983.
Served overseas with military intel-
ligence, U.S. Army, during WWII. Post-
war service was with the Office of
Naval Intelligence and in 1951 joined
the Central Intelligence Agency. After
ten years in the Agency's Intelligence
Directorate, he served the balance of
his career in the Plans/Operations
Directorate where he served in various special assignments
until his retirement in 1980. He is co-author of the best-
selling book, The New KGB: Engine of Soviet Power, and
has been a member of AFIO since 1982.
Received his BA from Harvard in
1935 and his LL.B from Virginia Law
School in 1939. Joined OSS in 1944
and served until 1 September 1945.
From 1947 until his retirement in 1973
he served as General Counsel of CIA.
He holds the Intelligence Medal of Merit,
the Distinguished Intelligence Medal,
the National Security Medal and the Civil Service League
Award. He joined AFIO in 1976, is a Life member and has
served as Legal Advisor to AFIO's Board of Directors since
1984.
Began nis Army career as a Counter
Intelligence Officer serving in Korea
and Otsu, Japan. A qualified linguist
and interrogation officer, he was re-
called to active duty in 1961 during the
Cuban and Berlin crisis. He completed
the Advanced Military Intelligence
Officers School and three years of
Command and General Staff College before transfer to
Retired Reserves. He joined AFIO in 1980, is a Life member
and an active member of the Ohio Chapter.
Served in WWII, Korea and Viet-
nam and for eleven years was with the
specialist/instructor in unconventional
warfare. He authored the Special Forces/
round Operations Manual while on
individual in the Department of Defense
to be awarded the two top ratings of Command Pilot/Master
parachutist. He retired from military service in 1970. He
joined AFIO in 1977, is a Life member and Chairman and
President of the Montana Chapter.
Was chief of CIA's Latin American
and Caribbean operations when he re-
tired in 1975. Previously he had been
chief of the Agency's Cuban opera-
tions and, on two occasions, was posted
to the Island of Cuba. He served as CIA
station chief in three Latin American
countries. Since his retirement he has
written a number of books, and lectures and writes frequently
on national security. He founded the Association of Former
Intelligence Officers in 1975, is a Life member and has
served on the organization's Board of Directors since that
time.
BALLOT
VOTE FOR SEVEN CANDIDATES
Ballots with more than seven selections are invalid!
^ James H. Babcock
^ Lawrence R. Houston
^ Michael F. Speers
^ Ann Z. Caracristi
^ John R. Lengel
^ Lawrence B. Sulc
^ Robert T. Crowley
^ David Atlee Phillips
^ Louis W. Tordella
^ Richard A. Grant
^ Raymond Saint-Germain
^ W. Raymond Wannall
^ Charles E. Hayden
^ John Anson Smith
^ Joseph A. Zanghi
Membership Number Signature
Name Printed
Ballots must be postmarked no later than September 15, 1986 to be counted.
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Served in WWII, the Korean con-
flict and Vietnam. He is a graduate of
the U.S. Air Force OSI Academy, Wash-
ington, D.C. and his intelligence expe-
rience includes background investiga-
tions, counter intelligence and Cl
analyst. Ray has been a member of
AFIO since 1978 and was President of
Served as an Intelligence Officer,
U.S. Army and received a B.S.B.A. from
the University of Florida in 1955. He
has been a faculty member of the Flor-
ida Institute for Continuing Education.
He is President of a small private invest-
= consultant to several international com-
panies. Is a 'Life member and has been a member of the
Board of Directors since 1983. He organized and has served
as Chairman of AFIO's four National Intelligence Sym-
posiums held in Naples, Florida.
Served in the Army Security Agency
during the Korean War and thereafter
commenced a career in the State
Department serving in a number of
assignments in Third World countries.
Prior to his retirement in 1984, he was
elected to the Board of Governors and
Treasurer of the American Foreign
Service Association. He is a Life member of AFIO and co-
founded the New England Chapter of which he is President.
Assistant
Served with the Navy in WWII and
A&l for twenty-three years was an opera-
tions officer with the Central Intelli-
gence Agency. After leaving the Agency
in 1975 he was a staff member in the
U.S. House of Representatives which
included six years with the Committee
on Foreign Affairs. He served as Deputy
Research, Department of State and is currently President of
the Hale Foundation and the Nathan Hale Institute. He has
been a member of AFIO since 1975.
Is a retired Captain, U.S. Navy. He
was educated at Loyola University,
Chicago, and the University of Illinois.
He served in cryptologic assignments
since 1942, culminating as Deputy
Director, NSA, 1958-74. His awards
include the National Security Medal,
presented in 1974. He is a Life member
and has served on the AFIO Board of Directors and the
Executive Committee since 1978.
In 1942 was admitted to the Dis-
trict of Columbia Bar; entered the Fed-
eral Bureau of Investigation as a Special
Agent and rose to become an Assistant
Director where he headed the Intelli-
gence Division which had responsibility
for foreign counterintelligence, espion-
age, terrorism and domestic intelligence.
He is the recipient of the CIA Certificate of Distinction and
awards from three "friendly" intelligence services. He is a
Life member of AFIO and has served on the Board of Direc-
tors since 1981 including two years as Chairman.
Served as a Navy radarman in WWII
and re-entered the service in the U.S.
Army in 1951 during the Korean War.
His overseas intelligence service was
extensive. He spent two tours in Viet-
nam and in 1973 was assigned to the
China and Asia Branch of the Defense
Intelligence Agency. He joined AFIO in
1982 and is an active member of the South Bay California
Chapter.
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PROUDLY PRESENTS
THE TWELFTH
ANNUAL
NATIONAL CONVENTION
FRIDAY - SATURDAY
OCTOBER 17 & 18, 1986
Holiday Inn?
Holiday Inn? - International Drive
6515 International Drive
Orlando, Florida 32819
[phone]
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AFIO TWELFTH ANNUAL CONVENTION
1986 Convention Theme
The theme for the 1986 Convention will be "The Intelligence Community." There is a need for increased
intelligence in preventing Terrorism wherever it may occur; a need for more hard intelligence in the war on "drug
traffickers"; and a need for intelligence coverage in the developing nations of the Third World particularly where
there has been an active Soviet presence; nor can the United States lessen its vigilance on its major target, the
USSR. We will examine the increased requirements placed on the Intelligence Community and it is our plan to invite
as many as possible current authorities as speakers in order to bring the AFIO Convention attendees up-to-date on
this vital activity.
Location
We are fortunate in having the Convention at the Holiday Inn on International Drive in Orlando, Florida. The hotel
is conveniently located overlooking Interstate 4. Those attendees who wish to take advantage of the major tourist
attractions in the Orlando area will have easy drives. Disney World and Epcot Center are approximately ten miles
from the hotel via Interstate 4. The Kennedy Space Center on the East Coast is about an hour away via the Bee Line,
a toll road. We mention these interesting attractions because the hotel has agreed to honor the AFIO special rates
five days before and five days after the Convention. The hotel requires reservations by September 16, 1986 in order
to get the special rates. You are encouraged to take advantage of the enclosed offer from Piedmont Airlines as they
have been designated the Official Carrier for the AFIO 1986 Convention. You should call Piedmont Convention
Department Toll-Free (800-334-8644) for the best available fare. Note the restrictions to the discount fares which
are applicable and are stated on the flyer enclosed.
Schedule
We are making some changes this year in order to adapt to the ways of Floridians. The dress for the Convention
will be casual except coat and tie for the banquet on Saturday night. Convention Registration will start at 4:00 P.M.
Thursday, October 16, 1986. In anticipation that a large number of attendees will be driving to Orlando and arrive on
Thursday, October 16, 1986, an informal outdoor Bar-B-Que has been scheduled by the hotel for 7:30 P.M. Thursday
night. The Convention hospitality room will be operated under a contract with the local American Legion Post. The
first Convention session will start at 9:00 A.M. on Friday, October 17, 1986. There will be a luncheon on Friday at
12:30. We do not have any Convention function planned for Friday night in order to permit the attendees to enjoy
their own friends and go to the restaurant of their choice. Orlando has many fine restaurants. Saturday will include
the AFIO housekeeping affairs i.e., announcing the election results to the Board of Directors and hearing the Chapter
reports from those Chapter representatives in attendance. We would like to hear from our members what their ideas
are for the future of AFIO. There will be a luncheon at 12:30 on Saturday with a program scheduled for the afternoon
session. The evening reception (cash bar) is scheduled from 7:00 to 8:00 around the pool area with the banquet
scheduled for 8:00 P.M. In an attempt to keep the costs as low as possible the banquet cost does not include wine
with the dinner. However, the hotel has made arrangements to have a cash bar in the banquet room for those
members who desire wine with their meal.
Hotel Registration
Each member intending to stay at The Holiday Inn must make his or her own reservation. Please note that the
hotel has a requirement that in order to take advantage of the special Convention rates, the reservation must be
received by the hotel by SEPTEMBER 16, 1986. The room rates are extremely reasonable for the Orlando area and
we do hope that you will use the enclosed envelope for your reservation. The hotel has its own refund policy and you
must deal with them directly.
Convention Registration
The Convention Registration fee is $25.00 for each AFIO member attending the convention. AFIO members who
have registered for the Convention may bring guests to the social functions if they purchase tickets in advance.
Guests who wish to attend the Convention sessions are requested to pay a registration fee of $25.00. The social
functions are: Thursday Bar-B-Que, Friday luncheon, Saturday luncheon and Saturday banquet. There will be a
surcharge of $10 for Convention registrations received after September 8, 1986. The AFIO Headquarters Office
will close on Tuesday, October 14, 1986 and all Convention records will then be taken to Orlando. The Convention
Registration Desk will be set up in the "Board Room" of the hotel from 4:00 P.M. until 7:00 P.M. on Thursday,
October 16, 1986. The Registration Desk will open at 7:30 Friday morning.
Refund Policy
Convention registration fees cannot be refunded after October 1. Fees for social events cannot be refunded after
October 14. For hotel refunds and cancellations AFIO members must notify the hotel directly: The Holiday Inn (305)
351-3500.
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Supplement to 1986 Directory
The following list of new members since the last issue is incomplete in that it does not include those who
requested that their names be kept restricted.
ANDERS, Mr. Curtis L.
BURT, LtCol Joseph A.
DUKES, Mr. Bob M.
P. 0. Box 114
USAF(Ret.)
6479 Bright Plume
Garrison, NY 10524
4534 No. 15th St.
Columbia, MD 21044
Arlington, VA 22207
BAKER, Mr. Robert J.
DUNCAN, COL William Darien
5419 Easton Dr.
CASAUS, LtCol Jesse
3002 Golfview Dr.
Springfield, VA 22151
USAF(Ret.)
Vero Beach, FL 32960
2713 Valencia Dr. NE
BARNETT, Mr. Rick W.
Albuquerque, NM 87110
ELLIOTT, Mr. Charles P.
18881 Mora-Kai Ln. #14
110 16th Ave South
Huntington Beach, CA 92646
CHAMBERLAIN, Mr. Gary J.
Naples, FL 33940
755 Shaker Drive
BELIVEAU, Mr. Armand J.
Medina, OH 44256
FERGUSON, Mr. William K.
RD 2, Box 458
5615 Spring Cypress Rd.
Williston, VT 05495
CLARK, Mr. Michael A.
Spring, TX 77379
Box 2603
BIDDLE, Mr. Delbert W.
University Station
FISCHER, Mr. Henry Anthony
1000 Chestnut St.
Murray, KY 42071
P. 0. Box 32958
#10-F
Sebastain, FL 32958
San Francisco, CA 94109
COURTNEY, Mr. Donald V.
1080 Spurgin Ct.
FISCHER, Col Leonard J.
BLACK, Mr. Donald Paul
Missoula, MT 59801
2803 Woodfern Ct.
3383 Pacific Ave
Woodbridge, VA 22192
San Francisco, CA 94118
DANOS, Mr. Enos Joseph
Deep River Road
FLEIG, Mr. Michael G.
BOND, Mr. C. LaNoel
Deep River, CT 06426
47 Avon Woods Rd.
115 N. Woodland Trail
#312
Lewisville, TX 75067
DAVIDSON, Mr. Walter L.
Avon, CT 06001
9664 Scotch Haven Dr.
BOSTIC, Mr. Jeffrey L.
Vienna, VA 22180
FREDRICH, Mrs. Margaret E.
1011 Cross Roads Dr.
3535-320 Linda Vista Dr.
Houston, TX 77079
DeARMOND, Mr. Jon W.
Vista, CA 92083
3400 Charow La.
BOWEN, COL Russel J.
Orlando, FL 32806
GIBSON, Mr. William F.
AUS(Ret.)
20454 Lake Avenue
1401 N. Rhodes St
DELANEY, Col Mark A.
Cleveland, OH 44116
#605
916 Bayberry Dr.
Arlington, VA 22209
Bellevue, NE 68005
GOODDEN, Mr. Royal T.
Box 1090
BOWERS, Mr. John B.
DeLASHMIT, Mrs. Mary
Fort Myer, VA 22211
1345 So. 20th
RFD 2, Box 349-B
Lincoln, NE 68502
Plymouth, NH 03264
GREEN, Mr. Bill B.
1124 E. Traveler's Trail
BREAKWELL, Mr. Robert L.
DeLASHMIT, Mr. William E.
Burnsville, MN 55337
4834 Westfield Dr.
RFD 2, Box 349-B
Manlius, NY 13104
Plymouth, NH 03264
HALL, Mr. Reginald W.
2801 Park Center Dr.
BRODIE, Mrs. Frances A.
DOBOLEK, Mr. Reginald L.
Alexandria, VA 22302
4031 Happy Valley Rd.
6021 Warwick Court
Lafayette, CA 94549
New Orleans, LA 70114
HANLEY, Mr. Michael J.
2320 86th Street
BROOKS, Mr. Fred W.
DOWDLE, Mr. Gary A.
Brooklyn, NY 11214
4907 Althea Dr.
P. 0. Box 29924
Annandale, VA 22003
San Antonio, TX 78229
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HARVEY, Mr. Patrick R.
MORGAN, Earl H. Jr.
STARR, Mr. Roger S.
P. 0. Box 5186
1558D Eglin Way
300 East 40th St. #33T
Santa Fe, NM 87502
Bolling AFB, DC 20336
New York, NY 10016
HIGBEE-GLACE, Mrs. Anne E.
MOSES, Mr. Morris G.
STREZA, Mr. John J.
P. 0. Box 85
225 Hansen Ave.
10821 Flower Ave.
Bolton, MA 01740
Albany, NY 12208
Cleveland, OH 44111
JACKSON, Mr. Carol
MOSHER, Mr. Charles A.
TAVEL, Mr. William S.
P.O. Box 293
12913 Blackstone NE
475 Orchid Dr.
220 Sunset St.
Albuquerque, NM 87111
Naples, FL 33940
Groveland, FL 32736
MURDOCK, Mr. Albert W. Jr.
THOMSON, Dr. Fred W.
KINDERGAN, Mr. Robert A.
12907 Kingswell Dr.
3009 Queen St.
609 Cherry La.
Woodbridge, VA 22193
Missoula, MT 59801
Phoenixville, PA 19460
NEWMAN, CAPT Jack G.
WADE, Mr. Robert P.
KINKAID, LtCol Jo H.
USNR(Ret.)
149 Bay 47th St.
USAF
20 Renown Dr.
Brooklyn, NY 11214
507 Gaslight La. #6
Tracy, CA 95376
Bellevue, NE 68005
WEISS, Dr. Gus W.
O'CONNOR, Mr. Robert E.
2500 Virginia Ave NW
KLEIN, Mrs. Philip A.
4 Dartmouth Dr.
#1110-S
6627 Ivy Hill Dr.
Framingham, MA 01701
Washington, DC 20037
McLean, VA 22101
PETERS, Susan M.
WELP, Mr. Robert R.
KNOLL, Mr. Rudolph J.
407 Revere Beach Parkway
1820 Kingfish Rd.
9412 Northridge Or NE
Revere, MA 02151
Naples, FL 33962
Albuquerque, NM 87111
POHLI, Mr. Richard R.
WEPASNICK, COL Leonard A.
LIEBERMAN, Dr. Alan N.
P. 0. Box 813
USAR(Ret.)
6130 Via Tierra
Mill Valley, CA 94942
3509 Astoria Rd.
Boca Raton, FL 33433
Kensington, MD 20895
QUESADA, Mr. Frank B.
McGUNN, Mr. James R.
720-A Morse St.
WILLIAMS, LTG James A.
P.O. Box 747
San Francisco, CA 94112
USA(Ret.)
Belvedere, CA 94920
10101 Captain Hickory P1.
ROLLINS, Mr. Timothy J.
Great Falls, VA 22066
McKEE, LTC John
28 Beatrice La.
USA(Ret.)
Hanson, MA 02341
WINKEL, Mr. George W.
42 Old Military Rd.
850 Colvin Court
Hilton Head Island, SC 299
ROSA, Mr. Paul M.
Herndon, VA 22070
1377 K Street, N.W.
MESICK, Miss Charlotte E.
#300
ZUMBRUM, Mr. William F.
5922 N. Placita del Conde
Washington, DC 20005
29 High Point Cir.E.
Tucson, AZ 85718
#108
SCURRIA, CAPT Norman V.
Naples, FL 33940
MILANO, Mr. James V.
USN(Ret.)
11136 Pilham Lane
8775 20th Street #275
Fairfax, VA 22030
Vero Beach, FL 32960
MOORE, Mr. Robert L.
STALEY, Mr. Jack
1240 Glorieta St NE
911 Fiarway Ave.
Albuquerque, NM 87112
Ukiah, CA 95482
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AFIO Convention '86 - Tentative Program
Thursday 16 October
1600-1800 - Convention Registration
1600-2400 - Hospitality Suite OPEN
1930-2030 - Bar-B-Que
Friday 17 October
0730-0830 - Convention Registration
0845 Convention Opens
0900-1130 - Panel Discussion
1130-1230 - Cash Bar
1230-1345 - Luncheon
1400-1630 - Panel Discussion
1630-2400 - Hospitality Suite OPEN
Saturday 18 October
0830-1000 - Chapter Presidents Report
1020-1130 - Address
1130-1230- Cash Bar
1230-1400 - Luncheon
1400-1630 - Panel Discussion
1630-1830 - Hospitality Suite OPEN
1900-2000 - Cash Bars
2000 Convention Banquet
2200-2400 - Hospitality Suite OPEN
HOTEL RESERVATIONS MUST BE SENT DIRECTLY TO
Holiday Inn R - International Drive
6515 International Drive
Orlando, Florida 32819
[phone]
Directions:
From 1-4 West, exit at International Drive (Exit 30A).
From 1-4 East, exit Highway 435 South (Exit 30B).
Turn right on International Drive.
CONVENTION REGISTRATION FORMS &
CHECKS MUST BE SENT TO:
AFIO 1986 CONVENTION
6723 WHITTIER AVENUE, SUITE 303A
McLEAN, VA 22101
CONVENTION REGISTRATION FORM
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for the social functions as you want them to appear on
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AFIO
LOOKS FORWARD
TO
SEEING YOU
IN
ORLANDO, FLORIDA
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UNITED STATES
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NUMBER ROOMS
REQUIRED
ASSOC. OF FORMRR IW'ELLIC NCE OFFICERS
OCT. 16-19, 1986
One Person
Two Persons
Three Persons
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1-4 Persons
One ^^ Two ^
Two Beds
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$44.
650.
$54.
$56.
n/a
n/a
? Please enclose all names that will occupy each room.
? Room rates are subject to state & local sales tax.
? Special rooming requests will be honored whenever possible.
? The above rates will be honored prior and after your meeting by special request - subject to availability.
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night's deposit.
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On the Intelligence Bookshelf...
Neither Complete nor Fair
Beschloss, Michael R. Mayday: Eisenhower,
Khrushchev and the U-2 Affair. New York: Harper &
Row, 1986
Mayday is the product of formidable research with much of the
material only recently released, declassified or otherwise made avail-
able. Some of the new material is from impeccable sources, but other
sources are in some cases of dubious motivation or without real
knowledge of the events discussed. The resulting book, given the
author's well-known reputation as an historian, should have been
close to the definitive account of the U-2 operations, but I left it with a
feeling of unease and dissatisfaction.
Mayday contains definite errors, some so minor as not to be
worht mentioning, but some more serious. For instance, the author
describes the U-2's cameras as swinging from side to side and yet
able to read the license plates on a Russian general's car from 12
miles up. Actually, the U-2 carried two kinds of cameras at the same
time. One camera swung from side to side, photographing from
horizon to horizon in a swath several hundred miles wide. The second
camera carried a high resolution lens and was a fixed camera used
for special targets. Neither of them ever read license plates. The
author's error is important to note so one can get a proper under-
standing of the capabilities of the U-2 and the techniques for using
the cameras.
In the notes in Mayday, sources are quoted as saying that the
U-2 was very unstable; and that, when flying at high altitudes without
autopilot, this could cause wide altitude changes and possibly explain
a descent to 60,000 feet at the time of the shoot down on 1 May
1960. Pilots, including Powers, told me that control without autopilot
was easy and, with hand controls, altitude could be accurately
maintained.
The wings of the U-2 are described as fragile, and that they
needed special supports on the ground. Since the only wheels are
under the center of the fuselage, the U-2 could not balance on them.
Thus, on the ground, special wheels on metal straps ("pogos") were
affixed to keep the plane upright until, with forward motion, airlift
took hold, at which time the "pogos" were detached. Further, there
were skids on the wing-tips so that, on landing, when airlift was lost,
the plane would go over on one wing-tip skid or the other, and skid
therin to a halt. The U-2 was relatively delicate, but not as fragile as
described in the book.
Mayday also contains a number of speculations as to what might
have happened on the 1 May 1960 mission, and concusions are
drawn which I do not believe are warranted. What bothers me most,
however, is that nowhere in the main text is there a description or
evaluation of what the U-2 did accomplish and its great contribution
to our national security. There is one quotation from Eisenhower
that"
"Considering all the information we got out of the many, many
U-2 flights, what happened at Paris fades into insignificance."
But the author's text, or even the Eisenhower quotation, does not
help the average reader understand the true scope and importance of
the U-2 program. This lack is important, for, in reading the book, I got
the feeling of a theme questioning why those intelligence types
wanted to fly a plane taking some photographs, when it might
endanger world peace. The author is careful to point out that, while
the shoot down may have caused the break-up of the Paris Confer-
ence, the cause may well have been other reasons for Khrushchev to
torpedo the Conference, such as possible internal or military pres-
sures on Khrushchev resulting from some of his policies, for which
he shoot down was only a handy excuse.
All of this, together with the rather excessive build-up of the
Eisenhower-Khrushchev relationship and the Paris Summit Confer-
ence, seems to be saying that the CIA leaders led, or misled, their
President into taking risks that weren't worth the possible conse-
quences. The picture presented by Mayday, in my opinion, is neither
complete nor fair.
[Lawrence R. Houston, AFIO's legal advisor and member of the Board
of Directors, served as General Counsel of CIA during the time des-
cribed in the book.]
Purpose
AFIO was organized in 1975 by former intelligence
personnel from the Federal military and civilian intelli-
gence and security agencies. Its purpose is to promote
public understanding of, and support for, a strong and
responsible national intelligence establishment.
AFIO believes that effective intelligence is the
nation's first line of defense against surprise from
abroad, subversion at home and possibly dangerous
miscalculation by our national leaders in the conduct of
foreign and defense policy. AFIO therefore holds that
reliable intelligence is essential to the cause of peace.
In pursuing its objectives, AFIO
? Works closely with appropriate committees of the
Congress regarding legislation affecting the intel-
ligence agencies, responds to congressional re-
quests for its views and information on intelligence
matters, and is frequently called upon to testify on
specific legislative proposals.
? Through its network of local chapters across the
nation, provides speakers for discussion of national
security issues before civic, academic and profes-
sional groups.
? Promotes educational programs explaining the
role and importance of intelligence.
? Provides participants for network and local TV
and radio programs on national security issues.
? Is frequently consulted by scholars, authors, jour-
nalists and TV producers on intelligence matters.
? Monitors media treatment of intelligence and
security issues and, where inaccuracies and dis-
tortions occur, attempts to set the record straight.
? Distributes to its members a quarterly publication
with news, views and book reviews relating to
intelligence, and a quarterly digest of current
news commentary.
Protecting COMINT Sources
Gave Vanquished the Advantage
One anecdote which might be used by AFIO speakers to stress
the importance of keeping communications-intercept capabilities
secret, yet avoid the continuing problem of "what am I allowed to
say," deals with the Civil War.
Following the successful investment of Vicksburg by Union for-
ces, only one thing remained to be done by the vanquished southern
officers-to secure the best possible terms at what would be a diffi-
cult negotiation. During the surrender proceedings, Lt. Gen. J.C.
Pemberton, the Confederate commander, was particularly forceful for
one so recently defeated, and achieved virtually all the terms he had
proposed originally to the Federal generals in surrendering his forces.
How he did this was through communications intelligence and
the continuing secrecy thereof. His officers had noticed during the
battle that General Ulysses S. Grant and Admiral David D. Porter, the
northern commanders, communicated with each other by signals
exchanged between a tall tower on land and the crow's nest of one of
Porter's ships. A particular skillful cryptograther broke the code-he
found it was based on Edgar Allen Poe's Gold Bug, a thriller dealing
with cryptography. By keeping this secret, even after the battle, Pem-
berton learned that although Grant desired to transport the captives
to prison camps in the North, Porter was advocating parole. Porter did
not feel he had sufficient fleet to move the prisoners, and preferred
that his limited assets be better employed in moving combat troops.
It was this secret knowledge that gave Pemberton the edge in
the surrender negotiations and enabled him to win the terms he felt
necessary.
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Escape and Evasion: A Present-Day Perspective
[Editor's Note: On May 24th, at the Atlanta meeting of the Air Forces
Escape and Evasion Society, a message was read to the assembled
escapers and the members of the European underground who had
assisted them. It had been scheduled to be delivered in person by DCI
William Casey, but official commitments precluded his appearance.
Because of its unique significance in recognizing those who have
risked their lives maintaining escape and evasion networks, it is
repeated here. The relevance of the message to present world condi-
tions is inescapable. We thank the Office of Public Affairs, CIA, for
responding promptly to Periscope's request for a copy of the message.]
"Happy to be here with European friends who risked their lives to
run so spendidly and so bravely those wonderful escape lines. We're
glad you're still here and we particularly welcome you to the U.S. We
salute you for the pure courage and the amazing ingenuity which
brought so many Allied airmen back to fly and fight again, now more
than 40 years ago.
"We salute also those airmen here today who put themselves in
the hands of those young girls, stayed in those safehouses with all
those war widows and maiden aunts, rode those bicycles on those
dark and dusty roads, slumbered in those dreary railway coaches,
walked across the Pyrnees, waited in Brittany for a boat to take them
across to England. How many of them got back to fly again and how
important that was to the spirit and morale of all our airmen.
"What a wonderful story and how wonderful to have you here to
relive it as we reminisce together.
"Remember the great Pat O'Leary, his code name, who as much
as anyone started it all. It's been one of the great privileges of my life
to have been his friend for forty years and to keep in touch and to visit
with his lovely wife, Sylvia, and their children, as Pat became Major
General Guerise, the Surgeon General of the Belgian Army who now
lives in graceful retirement near Waterloo.
"And, I remember Didee and Mischou and that wonderful girl
who, when you were here ten years ago, came all the way from
Ruanda in darkest Africa, where she had nursed black men and
women for almost three decades. The dedication and the code of
honor of you and others who created and ran those escape routes
has always been an inspiration to those who had any contact with or
any knowledge of this epic story. Thankfully, it has been well told by
James Langley, Donald Darling-and Airey Neave, who ran Margaret
Thatcher's campaign for Prime Minister and was killed so tragically in
London by a bomb placed by an Irish terrorist.
"Then there are the men who came back to fight on and live on.
Its wonderful to have you here today. There are many great tales of
contributions to our life and times which would not have been made
but for those escape lines. I recall how happy all of us were when we
heard of large groups, scores and perhaps hundreds, overrun and
liberated in Brittany and Normandy-wasn't it Shelbourne and Bona-
parte and Burgundy, or is my memory getting dim.
"Americans today are learning about the great contribution of
one of you who came back. The biography of Chuck Yeager is high on
the list of best-selling books.
"Chuck is a legend in his own time-the first test pilot to smash
the sound barrier and a fighter squadron commander in Europe, he
flew tactical bombers in Southeast Asia and supervised military
defense in the Pakistan-India War. Chuck was shot down in southern
France, fifty miles east of Bordeaux, on March 5, 1944. He was
twenty-one, full of shrapnel punctures, and had a hole in his calf and
a gash in his forehead. He hid in the woods until a woodcutter led him
to an English-speaking farmer. He hid in a small storeroom in the
hayloft for a week before he was led to the Maquis, the French
resistance fighters. Yeager became the Marquis' fuse man. They
were constantly on the move, hiding by day, hitting bridges, trains
and rail lines by night. The group split into singles and pairs near
Lourdes to attempt the dangerous crossing of the Pyrnees into
Spain-11,000 feet up and sheer ice. Yeager lived to tell about it; he
made it to a Spanish village where an American Consul found him on
March 30, 1944.
"Forty years ago, you all played gallant roles in winning a war
that had to be won. You helped stop Nazism dead in its tracks at a
time when totalitarianism was trying to flex its muscles over the
western world.
"Today, the West is again at war with totalitarianism, this time in
the form of Marxist-Leninism and the Soviet Empire. This war is one
of aggressive subversion and support for terrorism and instability, and
its battlefields are in the Third World, which Moscow views as the
West's Achille's heel. In places like Afghanistan, Cambodia, Ethiopia,
Nicaragua, South Yemen, and Angola, new totalitarians are strug-
gling to bring millions more under their control. And from these new
outposts of Soviet power the new totalitarians seek to export revolu-
tion to their neighbors.
"This war is not undeclared. In 1961, Nikita Khrushchev, then
leader of the Soviet Union, told us that communism would win not
through nuclear war which could destroy the world, or conventional
war which could lead to nuclear war, but through 'wars of national
liberation' in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. We were reluctant to
believe him then just as in the 1930s we were reluctant to take Hitler
seriously when he spelled out, in his book Mein Kampf, how he
would take over Europe.
"This is not a bloodless war. Marxist-Leninist policies and tactics
have unleashed the four horses of the apocalypse-famine, pesti-
lence, war and death. Throughout the Third World we see famine in
Africa, pestilence through chemical and biological agents in Afghan-
istan and Indo-China, war on three continents, and death every-
where. Even as I speak, some 300,000 Soviet, Vietnamese and
Cuban troops are carrying out savage military operations directed at
wiping out national resistance in Afghanistan, Kampuchea, Angola,
Ethiopia, and several other countries.
"What do we see in the occupied countries-Afghanistan, Cam-
bodia, Ethiopia, Angola, Nicaragua-in which Marxist regimes have
been either imposed or maintained by external forces? In the aggre-
gate, there has occurred a holocaust comparable to that which Nazi
Germany inflicted in Europe some forty years ago. Over four million
Afghans, more than one-quarter of the population, have had to flee
their country into Pakistan and Iran. The Helsinki Watch tells us that
they have fled because 'The crimes of indiscriminate warfare are
combined with the worst excesses of unbridled state-sanctioned vio-
lence against civilians.' It cites evidence of 'civilians burned alive;
dynamited; beheaded; crushed by Soviet tanks', grenades thrown into
rooms where women and children have been told to wait. . .'Tens of
thousands of children have been taken from their parents and sent
outside the country for reeducation.
"In Cambodia, two to three million people, something like one-
quarter of the pre-war population, have been killed in the most violent
and brutal manner by both internal and external Marxist forces.
"In Nicaragua, the communist government killed outright a min-
imum of 1,000 former Samoza national guardsmen during the
Summer of 1979. In 1982, it forcibly relocated some 15,000 Miskito
Indians to detention camps, forced many more to flee to refugee
camps in Honduras, and burned some forty Indian villages. Last year,
the Sandinistas forcibly moved 60,000 Campesinos from areas close
to the Honduran regions, burning their houses and killing their cattle.
"Angola is an economic basket case as a Marxist government is
kept in power by the presence of 30,000 Cuban troops. In all these
countries, the indigenous army formed by the Marxist government
suffers large and continuing desertions to the resistance and is
almost entirely ineffective.
"In Ethiopia, a Marxist military government is supported with
extensive military support from Moscow and thousands of Cuban
troops as it spends itself into bankruptcy trying unsuccessfully to
extinguish opposition in its northern provinces. To do this, it has
exacerbated a famine which threatens the lives of millions of its
citizens and blocks emergency food deliveries to the hungry remote
areas, particularly those in provinces where insurgencies are active.
"Cuba, Vietnam, Ethiopia, Angola and Nicaragua, all economic
basket cases, receive in aggregate five to six billion dollars in military
and economic aid from the Soviet Union. This enables Vietnam to
maintain the fourth largest army in the World, Ethiopia the largest
army in Africa, Cuba the second most powerful military apparatus in
the Western Hemisphere, Nicaragua a military force larger than all its
Central American neighbors put together. There are over 100,000
Soviet troops in Afghanistan, 170,000 Vietnamese troops in Cambo-
dia, 40,000 cuban troops in Africa.
"What is the purpose of all this carnage, this creeping imperial-
ism? In my view, there are two primary targets-the oil fields of the
Middle East, which are the life line of the Western alliance, and the
isthmus between North and South America. Afghanistan, South
Yemen, Ethiopia, as well as Cam Rahn Bay in Vietnam, and Mozam-
bique and Angola in southern Africa, bring Soviet power much closer
to the sources of oil and minerals on which the industrial nations
depend and puts Soviet naval and air power astride the sea lanes
which carry those resources to America, Europe and Japan.
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"Capabilities to threaten the Panama Canal in the short term and
Mexico in the somewhat longer term are being developed in Nicara-
gua where the Sandinista revolution is the first successful Castroite
seizure of power on the American mainland. They have worked
quietly and steadily toward their objectives of building the power of
the state security apparatus, building the strongest armed forces in
Central America, and becoming a center for exporting subversion to
Nicaragua's neighbors.
"Let me review quickly what has already happened in Nicaragua.
It will be familiar to you-Nazi-occupied Europe. Of forty-six indica-
tors identified by our analysts in the consolidation of power by
Marxist-Leninists, Nicaragua in five and one-half years has accomp-
lished thirty-three. They have established control of the media, taken
over radio and TV, censored the broadcast of Sunday sermons by the
Archbishop of Managua, and subject the only free paper, La Prensa,
to a brutal daily censorship. They have taken control of the education
system. Nicaraguan textbooks now teach Marxism. They attack the
tenets of Western democracy. They attack traditional religious teach-
ings and encourage children to maintain revolutionary vigilance by
watching for signs of ideological impurities in their neighbors, friends
and relatives.'The Sandinistas have taken control of the military. They
have taken control of the internal secret police and have established a
Directorate of State Security. That directorate, according to our
reports, has hundreds of Cuban, Soviet, East German and Bulgarian
advisors. There are Soviet advisors at every level of the secret police.
In fact, it is safe to say that it is controlled by the Soviet Union and its
surrogates. Block committees have been established to watch and
control the people. The church has been persecuted. Witness the
campaign mounted by the Directorate of State Security to harass and
embarrass Pope John Paul II during his 1983 visit to Nicaragua. They
have used political mobs (similar to the Red Guards of Soviet and
Chinese revolutionary history) to attack democratic politicians, union
members and religious leaders. And, finally, following Hitler and
Khrushchev, the Sandinistas have told the world that they would
spread the example of Nicaragua beyond El Salvador to Honduras,
Guatemala and the entire region.
"Another phenomenon dominating the landscape in the 1930s
and 40s was the tragic plight of refugees escaping totalitarianism.
Marxist-Leninism produced additional waves of refugees from East-
ern Europe in the 1940s and 1950s to the millions fleeing the new
totalitarians in Moscow's Third World bridgeheads over the last two
decades. In the 1960s, they were leaving Castro's Cuba behind. In the
1970s, millions fled the communist takeovers in Vietnam and Cam-
bodia. When the Soviets invaded Afghanistan, one-quarter of the
population fled to Pakistan. Already hundreds of thousands of Nicara-
guans and Salvadorans have fled their countries and headed north.
Can anyone doubt that as soon as it becomes apparent that the
communists are about to complete their conquest of Nicaragua,
another signal will be flashed and millions of people will leave Central
America, and ultimately Mexico, to cross the border of the United
States.
The recurring refugee phenomenon is an eloquent indictment of
the nature and dimension of what is happening from Ethiopia to
Afghanistan to Cambodia and in our own hemisphere. In addition to
the millions voting with their feet, however, Moscow's surrogate
totalitarians are facing a new phenomenon-the rising up of hundreds
of thousands of ordinary people who are volunteers in irregular wars
against the Soviet Army or Soviet-sponsored regimes. Whereas in
the 1960s and 1970s anti-western causes attracted recruits through-
out the Third World, the 1980s have emerged as the decade of free-
dom fighters resisting communist regimes. Today in a very real way,
the occupying forces are beseiged much as the Nazi Army and puppet
rulers were by the French, Belgian, Dutch and Norwegian resistance
in 1943 and 1944.
"Foreign powers will intermeddle in our affairs,
and spare no expense to influence them. Persons hav-
ing foreign attachments will be sent among us & insin-
uated into our councils, in order to be made instruments
for their purposes. Everyone knows the vast sums laid
out in Europe for secret services."
- Elbridge Gerry
Addressing the Constitutional
Convention, August 18, 1787
A Few Good People
To Fill Your Shoes
Recently, AFIO received the following letter from the Director of
Personnel, CIA, with a request that we pass along its contents to the
membership. We are pleased to do so, recognizing that the message
related not just to CIA, but to all elements of the Intelligence Com-
munity. The Community needs a few good people to fill your shoes.
We consider retired intelligence officers a valuable resource in
assisting the Agency with our recruitment challenge. Our best candi-
dates are often referred by former employees of the Agency or other
intelligence organizations. The Central Intelligence Agency is seeking
bright and articulate employees desiring the opportunity to build a
career. To achieve these objectives it takes intelligence, skills, initia-
tive, and a willingness to take a chance. Although we employ individ-
uals from almost every academic discipline, our current recruitment
effort is focused especially on several specific requirements. Individu-
als you believe meet the basic qualifications outlined below should be
encouraged to send their resumes to:
Director of Personnel
Department S, Room 4N20
P.O. Box 125
Washington, D.C. 20013
We prefer to hear directly from the candidate; however, should
you wish to call our attention to an individual personally, please do so
but only with the person's knowledge and consent. Thank you for
your interest in maintaining the strength of our nation's intelligence
capabilities."
The following highlights the categories of personnel desired
currently:
? The Operations Directorate is seeking career-oriented individuals
to serve as operations officers in predominantly overseas assign-
ments. These people should have developed interpersonal skills
and demonstrated ability to deal with people, solid basic intelli-
gence, adaptability and enthusiasm. They should also be self-
reliant, independent thinkers.
? The Operations Directorate is also seeking individuals with police,
military or investigative experience in the 30-35 year old age
group who can serve either domestically or overseas.
? The Office of Communications needs communications officers
(radio operators, field engineers) to serve here and abroad operat-
ing and maintaining a worldwide communications network. Tele-
communications officers (TCO's) should have experience in the
telecommuncations field, but radio amateurs with general class
license and above, or applicants with experience as electronic
technicians or in the data processing field will also be considered.
They should be able to touchtype and send/receive Morse Code at
12 groups per minute or achieve a passing score on a Morse
aptitude test. Approximately 70% of the TCO's career will be spent
overseas. Electronic Technicians (ET's) should possess an Asso-
ciate Degree in electronic technology or equivalent technical train-
ing and/or experience. They will be expected to pass a test in
basic electronics, RF communications, digital communications,
and applications. ET's can expect to be assigned overseas approx-
imately 30% of their career.
? The Office of Security has career employment opportunities avail-
able as Security Protective Officers (SPO). This cadre of officers is
responsible for the protection of CIA buildings and personnel in
the Washington, D.C., area. Although previous security-related
experience is desirable, training is provided to those individuals
possessing intelligence, tact, diplomacy, the ability to deal with
people and a willingness to work shifts.
? Challenging assignments throughout the Agency, here and abroad,
await those qualifying for the Agency's unique Secretarial Career
System. This system has been designed to provide secretaries and
compensation which rewards experience and excellence. Typists
must qualify at 40 wpm and stenographers at 80 wpm. Expe-
rience is not necessary, but premium salaries are offered to those
with professional secretarial experience. [Prospective part-timers
are encouraged to make inquiries.]
? Individuals who believe they have something special to offer the
Agency are invited to apply. America is making a major invest-
ment in its intelligence capabilities, and the recruitment of tal-
ented profesionals is an important part of this effort.
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Intelligence Issues
Jail Leadership for
Intelligence Spies?
Senator David Durenberger, chairman of the Senate
Select Committee on Intelligence, wants to send super-
visors at the Central Intelligence Agency to prison for
up to 30 years if subordinates such as Jonathan Pol-
lard, a convicted former Navy analyst, turn over secrets
to Israel, according to the New York Daily News. Joseph
Voltz, a reporter for the paper, said Sen. Durenberger
made the proposal in a meeting with journalists on
June 10th.
Such a stiff penalty, the Senator reportedly told the
newsmen, would force intelligence supervisors to do a
better job of safeguarding national security, possibly
foiling people such as Pollard. An aide clarified that
although Senator Durenberger had not yet introduced
any legislation to punish the leadership at the CIA and
military intelligence organizations, the Senate panel is
conducting a review of U.S. counterintelligence activi-
ties and the report will include recommendations for
tightening security.
Although Pollard was not employed by CIA, an
Agency spokeswoman declined comment. Justice
Department officials told the Daily News that they had
no prior knowledge of the proposal, but acknowledged
that Navy security suffered a breakdown in the Pollard
case.
DONATIONS
The following members have generously contributed
an amount equal to or exceeding one year's annual
dues.
KGB Expert Addresses Luncheon
(Continued from page 1)
Levchenko disabused the AFIO audiences of such
a whimsical notion, observing that it is within the Inter-
national Department that the Soviets conceive, plan
and coordinate their active measures program for KGB
implementation. His careful analysis of the skills and
knowledge Dobrynin will bring to the post were espe-
cially unsettling.
Soviet active measures, particularly media manipu-
lation, were another focus of the presentation, given
from an expert's perspective. Levchenko, after serving
in Moscow in fielding operations within the so-called
peace movement, was sent to Japan under journalistic
cover. There he had significant access to politically
influential people, of whom some twenty-five were wit-
ting of their work for Soviet intelligence, and multiples
of that number were assets who were not conscious of
being manipulated. One Soviet asset, for example, was
a prominent conservative and nationalist who the
speaker noted would be extremely distressed at learn-
ing how he had been misused by his ideological foes.
Levchenko's presentation was followed by a brisk
question and answer session in which his professional
skills and knowledge were tested with extremely excit-
ing results.
New England Chapter, AFIO
Symposium
"Intelligence and Foreign Policy:
The Western Experience"
featuring
Nigel West, Dave Phillips
MG Edmund Thompson
20 September 1986
Univ. of Vermont Conference Center
Burlington, Vermont
CAPT Albert BENJAMIN, USNR(Ret.)
Charlottesville, Virginia
Mr. Richard M. BISSELL, Jr.
Farmington, Connecticut
Mr. Joe Wilson ELLIOTT
Los Angeles, California
Mr. William H. HEZLEP, Jr.
Burke, Virginia
Mr. Roger H. HOLLINGSHEAD
Silver Spring, Maryland
Mrs. John E. McGOWAN
Honolulu, Hawaii
In Memory of John E. McGOWAN
Maj Hector F. UNGER, USAF(Ret.)
Portland, Oregon
For further information:
Winn Taplin
RR 2, Box 1515
Stowe, Vermont 05672
Like a Mouse, Media
Snaps Up Leak Like Cheese
The willingness of some elements of the media to snatch up and
print intelligence tid-bits without regard to their accuracy or the effect
such leaks might have on intelligence operations and the safety of the
nation, remains one of the disquieting aspects of maintaining a free
press.
During WWI, however, on at least one occasion, the press
snapped up a leak which was too much to chew. Col. "Vinegar Joe"
Stillwell, as a frustrated G-2 in Europe, hatched the story in a
moment of frivolity. The word leaked out that the celebrated German
poison gas expert, Dr. Otto Schmierkase, had been captured and was
undergoing G-2 debriefing. The story made the newspapers in Paris,
London and New York, far outdistancing the official authentication
requests.
Schmierkase, by the way, is the German word for cottage
cheese.
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Chapter Reports
Arizona Chapter. The chapter met at Yuma at the
Stardust Resort on Saturday, April 19th. It was a joint
meeting with the Central Intelligence Retired Associa-
tion, Southern California and Arizona chapters. "After
checking visas and shot records" of those from the
West, the group-totalling 33-got to know one another.
A most informative talk was presented by Don Perry.
His presentation and film on the "High Frontier" pro-
vided insight of a much needed and provocative topic.
The chapter gathered at the Ramada Inn, Case
Grande, on June 7th. Over a delicious buffet of ham,
beef and "bangers," the threat of world terrorism
proved a challenging theme. Included in the discussion
was a letter received from Congressman Elton Rudd in
which he expressed his specific concerns about terror-
ism. The next meeting will be held in late September to
permit summer travelers time to "return to the roost."
In November, the chapter will host a testimonial to the
Hon. Mr. Rudd, who is retiring.
San Diego Chapter. It was a pleasant February
afternoon meeting at the Miramar Naval Air Station
Officers' Club, where Admiral Gill Richardson held the
attention of forty attendees with his interesting "chalk
talk" on the Japanese language in Navy communica-
tions. (Was it a coincidence that oriental food was
served?) Among those enjoying the meeting were all
five of the chapter's past presidents: Don Perry, Dub
Hicks, John Clapp, Eileen Scott and Quin Matthewson.
Two new members, William Blank and Dr. Robert E.
Nelson were welcomed into our ranks. Since the meet-
ing, F.S. (Jim) Brown and Brigadier General Allem K.
Richardson also joined the chapter.
A nominating committee, composed of chairman
Don Perry, John Clapp, Eileen Scott and Quinn
Mathewson, was appointed to select and present to the
membership the nominees for the 1986-87 year.
On March 28th, the chapter met at the Admiral
Kidd Naval Officers' Club to hear Joe Wilson Elliot,
Intelligence Expertise Co., discuss anti-surveillance
measures, and to see a demonstration of his latest
equipment addition, a $12,000 anti-surveillance anal-
yzer. Elliot, who also conducts seminars in counter-
electronic surveillance techniques, demonstrated how
to detect and pinpoint concealed radio transmitters,
radio-controlled bomb detonators and the like. He ex-
plained what can and cannot be done about wiretaps,
listening through walls, and debunked a few prevailing
myths. Audience participation was enthusiastic. The
speaker also shared some anecdotes of his nine years
of intelligence, six of which were undercover in countries
on both sides of the Iron Curtain.
The April 21st meeting, held at the Marine Corps
Recruiting Depot Officers' Club featured Lieutenant
General Thomas P. Stafford (USAF-Ret.), Astronaut,
speaking on "Manned Space Exploration: Gemini to
Aerospace Plane." The luncheon was a joint meeting of
AFIO, NSIA, AFA, ADPA and the Navy League.
The May 9th meeting featured a visit to March Air
Force Base for an active orientation which included a
visit aboard the USAF's newest air refueling aircraft
(KC-10), a briefing at the 15th Air Force's Tactical Con-
trol Center, a stop by a SAC unit and exploration of the
Air Museum, site of several World War II vintage air-
craft. Lunch was at the base Officers' Club.
Slated as speaker at the June 27th meeting, to be
held at the Miramar Naval Air Station Officers' Club, is
Lawrence T. Schultheis, discussing education in the
Soviet Union. To be offered in nomination as officers for
the coming year are James Lipke, president; Art Elder,
1st vice president; Charles Small, 2nd vice president;
Elisabeth Allison, secretary; Raoul Morales, treasurer;
and Eileen Scott, Edwin O. Learnard and Larry Schul-
theis, directors. Installation of those elected is planned
for the chapter's July 25th meeting. The chapter will
also sponsor the Immigration and Naturalization cere-
mony at the War Memorial Building, where 30 new
citizens will be welcomed and served refreshments.
San Francisco Bay Area Chapter. The March
26th meeting was opened by chapter president Bill
Green, and guest Wendy Ellers led the audience in
singing the National Anthem. Introduced as distin-
guished guests were RADM Bob Tiernan, Naval Reserve
Intelligence Command; Captain Jim Law, chief-of-staff,
Naval Reserve Intelligence Command; John Shea,
manager, LSA Logics; and Harry Christianson, division
manager, Kaiser Industries.
Vice president and program director Ed Rudka
introduced the speaker of the evening, Admiral Bobby
Inman (USN-Ret.), former Deputy Director of CIA, Direc-
tor of NSA and Director of Naval Intelligence who pres-
ently serves as chairman and CEO of MCC.
Admiral Inman addressed the group on "How to
Cope with Terrorists in the Modern World." He said he
had been asked to chair a panel in 1984 to look into
what could be done to protect U.S. missions abroad
from terrorist attacks. Included on the panel were Law-
rence Eagleberger, former Assistant Secretary of State;
Ambassador Ann Armstrong; Lt. Gen. Dwayne Gray;
Senator Warren Ludman, and Robert McGuire, former
New York police commissioner and now head of
Pinkerton's.
Shortly after the panel was formed, the speaker
said, the Beirut Embassy was struck again, reinforcing
the need for improved security of U.S. installations
overseas. The panel conducted an extensive study of
the State Department's security program and reviewed
also national policies related to anti-terrorism. In June
1985, Secretary of State Schultz was given both a clas-
sified and an unclassified report of the panel's findings.
The panel made 91 recommendations, of which
Secretary Schultz endorsed 88. Some of these are:
? U.S. embassies and mission abroad must be better
secured. Over the past 35 years, some 1,026 facili-
ties were built, with most of them on thoroughfares
with open, ready access. A multi-billion dollar pro-
gram to correct this situation was recommended.
Numerous facilities were adjudged to be such a risk
that they should be closed immediately.
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? State Department security programs are under-
funded, staffed with less than optimum personnel
and lacking clear-cut operational charters. It was
recommended that the status of security personnel
be enhanced by creating a dedicated security career
pattern within the Department. Standards of profes-
sionalism need to be overhauled with attention to
better leadership, and a clearly defined charter
needs to be promulgated.
? The quality of intelligence on terrorism is hampered
by "turf" problems. The intelligence community
needs to be reorganized to eliminate these barriers
to cooperation and information flow.
? Individual terrorist organizations are much akin to
anarchists of prior generations, in that they are small,
fanatical groups which are difficult to penetrate. The
greatest probability of success is to counter the sup-
port infrastructure which these organizations need
to operate. Thus, the U.S. should concentrate on
those countries or organizations which provide train-
ing, logistics, money and other support to the
terrorists.
After languishing for eight months, the proposed
legislation drawn from the panel's recommendations
recently received OMB support and the Senate passed
a bill proposing $4.5 billion, most of which is earmarked
for construction and modification of embassy facilities.
The work of the panel has been continued by another
group headed by Vice President Bush, which has made
additional recommendations.
Welcomed to the chapter were new members Cap-
tain and Mrs. Jack G. Newman, Jack Staley, Bernard
Walter and Captain Frederick W. Walter.
The chapter's board of directors met on March
31st, and agreed that, due to the large amount of effort
involved in each chapter undertaking, committees
should be used to work on both programs and member-
ship. The new membership and program committees
will work with the chapter president. Persons proposed
for membership will be reviewed by the executive
committee and the president, with approval dependent
on whether or not National membership is granted.
Notices and invitations issued by the committees will
be routed through the president before being promul-
gated or tendered. Ideas for future programs will hence-
forth be submitted to the chairman of the program
committee and reviewed by the president before deci-
sions are reached regarding their implementation. The
board also discussed organization of a chapter speak-
ers' bureau and measures to insure cost-effective loca-
tions for future dinners.
On April 30th, the chapter met at the Fort Mason
Officers' Club, with President Bill Green leading the
Pledge of Allegiance and introduction of visiting digni-
taries and guests. A series of "one liners" concerning
events receiving prominence in the media, from the
president and guests, set the tone for a jovial and soci-
able evening.
Following dinner, the chapter heard from the
speaker for the evening, its treasurer, Jim Quesada.
Jim explained much of the history of events in Nicara-
gua beginning with the 1930s and dealing with changes
in governments and developments which occurred dur-
ing the various regimes since then.
He discussed the formation of the Sandinistas in
the early 1960s and their growing influence until, fol-
lowing the assassination in 1978 of a popular news-
paper editor, they united with other groups in opposition
to the then-President Somoza, who was blamed for the
assassination. In July 1979, they were successful in
overthrowing his government, even though Somoza
had accomplished much for the country in curtailing
the power of the Catholic Church and, particularly, in
bringing about land reform.
After the overthrow of Somoza in 1979, a demo-
cratic system of government was supposed to be set up.
Instead, within a few months, a five-man junta was
established. Free elections have never taken place.
What had been the National Guard, originally estab-
lished with the help of the United States but converted
to a private army for Somoza, not the nation, was dis-
solved. Since then a number of groups have pulled
away-including some remnants of the National Guard
and former followers of Somoza-to form what is now
referred to as the "Contras."
He explained that the Honduran government had,
until recently, refused to allow the supplies from the
United States to move through that country to those
opposing the Sandinista government. At that time, a
new president in Honduras asked the United States for
aid, as he believed the Sandinistas were about to move
into Honduras where some of the Contra groups were
located just inside the border.
When the Honduran president allowed supplies
from the United States to enter the country, a 1,400
man force moved into Nicaragua. At the same time,
another force comprised of Sandinistas moved north. A
battle ensued, and many Sandinistas were killed. Equip-
ment for a full battalion was obtained for the Contras
following the engagement.
Jim discussed possible actions which could be
taken by the United States Government in the light of
the recent developments in Nicaragua. He suggested
that if we do nothing it will become another Cuba.
Humanitarian assistance alone, in his opinion, will be a
waste of money. The alternative, moving with force into
Nicaragua, would not be appropriate, Quesada opined;
It was his opinion, he said, that the United States
should support the Contras and thus bring pressure on
the Sandinista government.
An interesting and enlightening question and
answer period followed before the meeting was
adjourned.
The chapter's May 21st meeting was held at the
San Francisco Tennis Club. President Bill Green opened
the meeting and led the Pledge of Allegiance, following
which those present stood and introduced themselves
and guests.
At the "desert and coffee" stage of the delicious
dinner served by the efficient staff of the San Francisco
Tennis Club, the speaker for the evening, Brigadier
General Ralph C. Marinaro, was introduced by the
president.
General Marinaro enlisted in 1955 in the California
National Guard as a private. He is presently the Com-
mander, 49th Military Police Brigade.
With many hilarious jokes interspersed during his
talk, the speaker told of the formation and many
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accomplishments of the National Guard. He explained
the dichotomy of its responsibilities-at some times
having President Reagan as its commander-in-chief
and, at other times, Governor Deukmejian. General
Marinaro explained that the Guard is a "bargain" for
the state in that 96% of its budget is paid by the federal
government, while only 4% remains to be paid by the
citizens of California. He gave many surprising statistics
relating to the combat readiness of the Guard's mem-
bers. He said that 66% of the U.S. Army's capability is in
the National Guard, 25% of the special forces and a
large percentage of other units.
Since the Guard was called to the Watts distur-
bances in 1965, he said it had been called on 119 law
enforcement missions, 30 bomb scares, 38 prison
emergencies and 47 other miscellaneous missions. Its
equipment, General Marinaro said, is valued at approx-
imately $711,000,000. He pointed out again what a
bargain the Guard is for the state.
General Marinaro pointed out that the National
Guard is the oldest military force in the country, and
expressed regret that legislators and the press seem to
be unaware of its accomplishments. He expressed the
hope that, in the future, there will be better communi-
cation between the public affairs division of the Guard
and the press, and the public will be given the opportun-
ity to better understand what is being accomplished by
the National Guard. A brief question and answer period
followed the speaker's presentation.
In closing the meeting the chapter president
thanked General Marinaro for his very informative talk,
and extended appreciation to Russ Wiley for arranging
the general as speaker for the evening.
Planned for the June 18th meeting: a presentation
by Officer Sandi Gallant, who has been associated with
the San Francisco Police Department for over twenty
years.
Florida
Satellite Chapter. The chapter's March 3rd meet-
ing, held at the Patrick Air Force Base Officers' Club,
featured W. Raymond Wannall, former assistant director
of the FBI, who had responsibility for FBI coverage of
foreign counterintelligence, espionage, terrorism and
domestic intelligence, with which he has over forty
years of experience.
Southwest Chapter. Donald H. Randell, who has
been in ill health, advises that Bill Hornaday has agreed
to succeed him as president of the chapter. On behalf of
our membership, we extend Col. Randell our apprecia-
tion for serving as president and send him best wishes
for the future.
Suncoast Chapter. The chapter's February 18th
meeting featured a truly outstanding presentation by
Michael Powers, resident agent in charge of the Tampa
office of the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration.
The 46 members and guests who attended found that
Powers, who has had vast experience both in the U.S.
and abroad through service in the Marine Corps, CIA
and DEA, is a speaker who can indeed capture the
attention of his audience with great skill and excel-
Col. Charles D. Gray (USMC-Ret.), president of the
Satellite chapter, with Mr. and Mrs. W. Raymond
Wannall.
lence. He updated the chapter on some of the current
problems being faced and dealt with by DEA. The chap-
ter expresses its appreciation to Mike for taking time
from his very busy schedule to attend the luncheon
meeting and to share with the members the monumen-
tal task being undertaken by the DEA, and the unfortu-
nate fact that no real end to the problem is clearly in
sight. The chapter will not forget his kindness, and wish
him continued success in every possible way.
Slated for the chapter's April 22nd meeting at the
MacDill Air Force Base NCO Club, was Joseph Tierney,
section chief, intelligence division, FBI. Also planned
was the nomination and election of officers for the com-
ing year. Ann McDonough served as chairman of the
nominations committee.
The chapter has expressed its appreciation to past
president Andrew J. Ferguson and vice president Roy
B. Klager, Jr., who on their own initiative undertook the
manning of an information booth during the seven-
hour long "Retiree Activities Day" at MacDill AFB on
March 29th. A goodly number of posters, AFIO applica-
tion forms and handouts were distributed. According to
"informed and usually reliable sources," the participa-
tion of Andy and Roy in the event offered an opportunity
to make AFIO known to a large portion of the quarter of
a million visitors expected at the open house held on
the base that day.
Western Montana Chapter. The Missoula Coun-
try Club was the site on April 4th, for the largest gather-
ing of AFIO members and guests since the chapter was
chartered in January 1981. Twenty members and a
couple of guests turned out to hear AFIO member Walt
Sedoff speak on recruiting for intelligence and the gen-
eral organization of the CIA. Walt was given his intro-
duction already this year to the Hamilton, Montana,
Rotary Club, and to high school seniors and juniors in
the Bitter Root Valley. There is a standing invite for his
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services to the Valley schools where he had spoken
previously.
AFIO members "Woody" Woodgate, "Bo" Foster
and Dick Grant also were recognized for their speaking
or writing on intelligence matters. "Woody" drives 300
miles, round trip, to attend AFIO meetings-that's dedi-
cation! At stake was a loser-paid luncheon at the club.
Several guests asked for membership applications, so
John Greaney has been asked to start his presses rol-
ling and send more application forms.
Election of officers for 1986-87 resulted in Dick
Grant being reelected as president. Norm Larum, our
dedicated secretary-treasurer since the chapter's acti-
vation on October 10th, 1977, was elected vice presi-
dent. Bob Ripley succeeds him as secretary-treasurer.
The membership voted to meet more often, quar-
terly if possible, and also voted the length of service for
the chapter president to be two years.
New members are Don Courtney, Dale Dahlgren,
Skip Grant, Joe Horvath, Horace Koessler, Jim McCall
and Bill Rigert.
A speakers' panel consisting of several AFIO mem-
bers will be constituted to respond to request for speak-
ers on intelligence. The team will be formed from those
members who have already served in that capacity.
A summary of the results of the national convention
in Maryland last year and a reminder of the Orlando,
Florida, convention concuded the meeting.
New England
New England Chapter. The chapter held a joint
meeting with the newly-revised Heritage Chapter of the
National Military Intelligence Association at Fort Dev-
ens, Massachusetts on April 1 1th. One hundred twenty-
five persons attended, incuding 85 members and guests
of the AFIO chapter. The speaker was David Kahn,
author of Codebreakers, Hitler's Spies, etc., who spoke
on the subject of "Why Germany lost the code war
during WWII." Among the special guests attending
were Carol Bessette, president of the NMIA, Col. Cha-
rles Thomann, the executive director of NMIA, Col. Rus
Bowen and British author Nigel West. West has just
completed a history of GCHQ, which is due out later in
the year. The meeting, which was designed to assist in
the formation of an NMIA chapter, also featured a book-
fair at which three AFIO members exhibited and sold
intelligence books. A portion of the proceeds went to
the new NMIA chapter's treasury. In addition, AFIO
member Keith Melton from Wichita, Kansas, flew in to
attend and to exhibit a portion of his extensive personal
collection of intelligence equipment which included a
three rotor Enigma machine, a KGB camera concealed
in a pack of cigarettes, etc.
The chapter held its Second Annual Meeting at the
Country Village Inn, Manchester, Vermont, on June
7th. Over seventy members, family and guests were in
attendance.
Per routine of the chapter, many arrived the even-
ing before to meet friends, old and new, for socializing
and dinner.
Outgoing vice president Roy Berkeley, president
Michael F. Speers, and vice president-elect David B.
O'Connor, New England Chapter.
The first part of the formal meeting was held on
the morning of the 7th to conduct general business and
held the annual elections. Prior to the meeting being
called to order, chapter vice-president Roy Berkeley,
acting on behalf of the officers, state coordinators and
committee people, presented chapter president Mike
Speers with a gavel. It was a "hidden agenda" and was
noted as such by Speers as he gratefully acknowledged
his "moles, doubles and disinformation experts."
The election results were: Mike Speers, re-elected
president; Dave O'Connor, previously secretary and
treasurer, was elected vice president; Linda Ross was
elected treasurer; and Dan Meisenheimer was re-elected
secretary. A brief discussion of the chapter's activities
of the past year and the projections for the coming year
was held. During the chapter meeting, family members
not involved in the proceedings were escorted through
the town of Manchester by a representative of the
Chamber of Commerce. It is important to note that the
meeting was coordinated by Col. Ed Bort who, in turn,
was fortunate enough to have the assistance of his
wife, Mary. A social period followed the business
meeting.
Prior to the luncheon, Ray Wannall, a member of
AFIO's board, presented chapter awards to Maj. Gen.
Edmund Thompson, Allan Swenson, Gordon Graham,
Dan Halpin, Bob van Beever and Jeffrey Kingry. Dave
O'Connor used the occasion to read a commendatory
letter from the President of the United States to chapter
president Speers for his "tremendous contribution to
enhancing the public image of America's intelligence
community," an honor Speers shared with the mem-
bership as reflecting the merit of the chapter's mem-
bership and activities.
There were two guests speakers. Lt. Gen. James
Williams, former Director, DIA, spoke on the work of the
Jamestown Foundation, an organization working to
assist political emigres from the Soviet Bloc establish
themselves as self-supporting citizens of the United
States.
Dr. Zdzislaw Rurarz, former Polish Ambassador of
Japan, who sought political asylum in the U.S. in 1981,
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spoke of the importance of understanding the role of
satellite intelligence apparati as they operate on behalf
of themselves and for the Soviet Union. He stressed the
importance of perception in dealing with them and,
most of all, understanding what the goals of the USSR
are as seen through the endeavors of their surrogates.
The next chapter meeting will be held in Kenne-
bunk, Maine, on September 27th, at the Shawmut Inn.
Maj. Gen. Edmund R. Thompson and Allan A. Swenson
have been designated coordinators.
Consistent with the chapter's goals of reaching out
will be a program coordinated by member Gordon Gra-
ham at Simon's Rock of Bard College, in Great
Barrington-located in the Massachusetts Berkshires.
Its theme will be "The Intelligence and Intellectual
Communities: Natural Friends or Foes." It will begin in
late September, with guest speakers visiting through-
out the year, and culminating with a seminar of partici-
pants in April 1987.
With the chapter growing, there has been some
phenomena worthy of note. There are some AFIO fami-
lies, such as Pat and Joan Townsend, who are both
qualified as Full Members; Charlie and Evelyn McCarthy
and Pete and Miriam Gould are couples who met dur-
ing their intelligence careers; and brothers Dave and
Bob O'Connor are both graduates of Ft. Holabird.
New Mexico
New Mexico Chapter. Nineteen members and
four guests attended the chapter's March 25th meet-
ing, a celebration of its first anniversary. It was noted
that the chapter's membership had doubled during its
first year, with part of the reason for rapid growth
attributed to the high quality of speakers for the monthly
meetings. Good media coverage was credited also for
expanding public knowledge of AFIO's existence in
New Mexico, thereby informing former intelligence
officers of the advantages of taking part in AFIO chapter
activities.
Changes in chapter by-laws were discussed, with
the addition of a second vice president and alteration of
the dues structure being accepted by vote. The chapter
then heard the report of the nominating committee,
which had consisted of Col. Franklin, Scotty Miler and
Adolph Saenz. Miler proposed, in the absence of Col.
Franklin, the following slate: Thomas J. Smith, presi-
dent; Charles L. Venable, first vice president; Adolph B.
Saenz, second vice president; Herbert L. Conley, treas-
urer; and Leonard E. Sczygiel, secretary. Mr. Saenz,
currently vice president of the chapter, sought the floor
to announce that due to conditions beyond his control
he had asked the nominating committee to withdraw
his name from consideration. He explained that he cur-
rently has a libel suit filed against a writer who slan-
dered him in a Playboy magazine article, falsely accusing
Saenz of having taught Latin Americans how to commit
acts of torture against persons in those countries; The
trial is due to begin in Chicago during the summer and
will require he be out of the city during much of 1986.
The first order of business for the April 22nd meet-
ing was the election of officers for the coming year.
There being no nominations from the floor, the slate of
officers proposed at the March meeting (see above) was
elected by acclamation.
Speaker for the April meeting was Wade Ishimoto,
currently on the staff of Sandia Laboratory, and for-
merly an intelligence officer with the 1st Special Forces
Detachment known as "Delta Force." Ishimoto took
part in the aborted operation to rescue American hos-
tages in Iran.
The speaker gave a vivid picture of the ill-fated
rescue attempt. His account of the operation was so
vivid, in fact, that it almost seemed that the audience
had been transported to that god-forsaken part of the
world and had been an eye-witness to the tragic series
of events which required that the rescue mission be
terminated during the final stages. We are sure that a
lot of conclusions were drawn by the 45 members and
guests in attendance who heard Mr. Ishimoto describe
the operation. There can be little doubt that one of the
primary conclusions was that the lack of human intelli-
gence in Iran was a very significant problem for the
team in trying to decide just how to go in after the
hostages.
Obviously, malfunctioning equipment and the ter-
rible sandstorm during the final state of the operation
were two major factors in the decision to abort the
rescue attempt.
An expert on nuclear security highlighted the
chapter's May 27th meeting. Don McIntyre, director of
security of the Department of Energy's Sandia Base,
and a member of AFIO, focused his remarks on poten-
tial acts of terrorism and espionage directed against
U.S. nuclear energy operations. He presented several
interesting scenarios of potential acts that could be
directed against nuclear installations and of those
situations where nuclear devices could be used in acts
of terrorist blackmail. With the recent disaster at Cher-
nobyl fresh in the audience's mind, Mr. McIntyre's
warnings took on particular emphasis. Two local televi-
sion stations covered the chapter's meeting.
Slated for the chapter's June 24th meeting is Mike
Levin, a senior executive of the National Security
Agency, who will brief the chapter on the mission and
world-wide responsibilities of NSA.
New York
Derek Lee Chapter. The chapter's May 22nd
meeting, closed to the public for security reasons,
according to the chapter's meeting notice, was to fea-
ture the Hon. Vernon A. Walters, U.S. Permanent
Representative to the United Nations. Amb. Walters, a
former Lieutenant General in the U.S. Army, served
previously as Deputy Director and sometimes Acting
Director of the CIA, Senior Advisor to the Secretary of
State, and Ambassador-at-Large (the Reagan adminis-
tration's chief diplomatic trouble shooter.)
VOTE
Full members of AFIO be sure to use the enclosed
ballot to vote for the Board of Directors. There are
seven vacancies. Ballots must be postmarked no
later than September 15, 1986.
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Notes from Here and There ...
The Hon. Clare Boothe Luce, a member of AFIO's
honorary board of directors, has been presented with
the honorary degree of Doctor of Strategic Intelligence
by the Defense Intelligence College. Mrs. Luce, a
member of the President's Foreign Intelligence Advi-
sory Board, was guest speaker at the college's annual
graduation ceremony, June 13th.
Major General Jack E. Thomas (USAF-Ret.), chair-
man of AFIO's board of directors, in recognition of his
long and distinguished career in intelligence and his
many years of teaching as an Adjunct Professor at the
Defense Intelligence College, was presented with the
honorary degree of Doctor of Strategic Intelligence at
the College's June graduation ceremony.
The Defense Intelligence College Foundation, a
private group affiliated with that institution, has
announced that its annual award for the outstanding
thesis written by a student in the Master of Science of
Strategic Intelligence program will be named the
Lyman B. Kirkpatrick, Jr., Research Award, in honor
of Prof. Kirkpatrick's long years of service (1969-1986)
as a member of the College's Board of Visitors. Prof.
Kirkpatrick is a past president of AFIO.
Westview Press has announced the August publi-
cation of The CIA and the U.S. Intelligence System, by
Scott D. Breckinridge, a member of AFIO and a vete-
ran of more than 26 years service with the CIA. The
new work reviews the origins and development of
modern intelligence, with focus on the National Secur-
ity Council and the CIA and the current dilemma of
covert vs overt activities and the crucial differences
between policies that emphasize merely collection of
intelligence and those that seek to influence conditions
and events abroad. [Westview Press, 5500 Central
Avenue, Boulder, Colorado 80301, $30]
The University Press of Kentucky has announced
publication of Once They Were Eagles, by Col. Frank E.
Walton (USMC-Ret.), the intelligence officer of the
famed "Black Sheep Squadron" (Marine Corps Fighter
Squadron 214). In researching the book, Col. Walton
located 34 survivors of the original 51 "Black Sheep,"
and includes their recollections of the unit's actions in
the South Pacific during WWII. [University Press of
Kentucky, 102 Lafferty Hall, Lexington, Kentucky
40406-0024,$18]
PERISCOPE is published quarterly by the Association of
Former Intelligence Officers, McLean Office Building,
6723 Whittier Ave., Suite 303A, McLean, VA 22101.
Phone[phone].
Officers of AFIO are:
LG Eugene F. Tighe, Jr ................... President
Dr. Walter L. Pforzheimer ............ Vice President
Robert J. Novak ......................... Treasurer
Charlotta P. Engrav ...................... Secretary
John K. Greaney ................. Executive Director
Edward F. Sayle ............... Editor of PERISCOPE
From The
President's
Desk
I remember former years when the endless recita-
tion of the Litany of Saints (at least it seemed endless to
a small boy eager to leave pew for play) I read of the lives
of some of the Saints. They were all kinds. Little
people-big people, rich and famous-child and aged. I
was impressed because the whole world-years and
years after their deeds were done-was still reading
that they'd reached the great goal-the Presidential Box,
the first team's endless playground. There seemed room
up there for so many different kinds-even many who
"knew" they'd failed.
On the anniversary of Nathan Hale's birth a small
band of us, who also served in the intelligence services
of the United States, honored him-his sacrifice-with
words and wreaths and trumpet sounds before his
statue at the Justice Department in Washington.
Hale was only 21 years when his attempts to serve
his country ended with capture and death. There can be
no doubt of his dedication to our young, new nation.
Some would say-let's not remember the failed
servant-our honor should instead go to the victorious
field general. Well certainly we'll always know better the
deeds of the general than the lieutenant no matter who
the general. His position will always assure greater
public-media attention and hype. History, however, must
judge whether one or the other contributed more to this
nation's health. It just may be that the failed lieutenant
will, by inspiration and representation, have done much
more than the general in all his recognized glory to bring
this nation through crisis.
I'd say let's honor all who've served our profession
honorably-there's room for all the heroes we can find.
And in these dark days when traitors to our cause seem
to be taking more and more of the pages of our daily
press, let's focus on the thousands who've served so
well in the intelligence profession-many of whom will
never be recognized for their immense contribution to
our nation's cause. While we honor those who fell in
battle, honor too those who will always stay "unknown."
This will be my last letter to you as President. I
salute each of you and ask you to stay loyal to each other
and our organization. It's been a privilege to serve an
organization which grows stronger and more important
every day. Let's keep strong the nation's intelligence
community-support those who still serve in any way
we can. See you all in Orlando on 16 October.
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