TOWN PLAN INFORMATION ON BREST, KURENETS, AND PRUZHANY

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80T00246A062800400001-0
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 41
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: January 18, 2012
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: May 7, 1962
• Content Type: REPORT

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CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
380T00246A062800400001-0
This material contains information affecting the National Defense of the United States within the meaning of the Espionage lAws, Title
18, U.S.C. Secs. 793 and 794, the transmission or revelation of which in any manner to an unauthorized person L prohibited by law-
50X1-HUM
COUNTRY USSR (Belorussian SSR)
SUBJECT Town Plan Information on DATE DISTR. n May 1962
Brest, Kurenets, and Pruzhany /
O. PAGES 1
DATE OF
INFO.
PLACE &
DATE ACQ.
50X1-HUM
50X1-HUM
Attachment 1: Brest town information (12-page attachment).
describes industrial installations, government buildings, the
public transport system, power plants, railroad stations and military
installations. Construction was begun in 1957 of a military
plant seven kilometers from 50X1-HUM
Brest, near the civil airport. The plan was s ill under construction in
1959. When completed, the plant was to employ about 3,000 workers. In 50X1-HUM
a listing of government offices, PVO Headquarters as located
on ulitsa Karla Marksa.
Attachment 2: Kurenets town information (3-page attachment with sketch).
~Abrief run-down is 50X1-H U M
given on civil installations in uretze s an a s the town pepper
locates eleven such installations: sawmill, porcelain factory, mechanical
bakery, flour mill, seed station, hospital, school, RR station, town council,
post office, cattle market, and a cinema. 50X1-HUM
Attachment 3: Pruzhany town information (3-page attachment).
Streets are listed on Which local Air Force
units are located and two airfields are mentioned. One airfield about three
kilometers northeast of Pruzhany was referred to as Ku linskiy and the other,
about three kilometers west, was called Zasimovitskiy (Zasimovichi). Pruzhany
had no large industrial enterprises.
50X1-HUM
X NAVY X A{R 1 X NSA
OCR
- 1_~~
X_NIC
I N FORMAT I ON R E PORT I N FORMATION REPORT
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S-1958, the city of Brest in the Belorussian SSR had a population
of 96,000, of whom (according to figures quoted at town council
sessions) 12,000 to 13,000 were soldiers and officers of the Brest
garrison. Of the civilian population about 70 percent were Belo-
russians, 25 percent Russians, and the rest Ukrainians and other
minorities.
Industry
2. Although Brest had no large industry, it had many small factories
and cooperatives which were subordinate to the Local Industry
Diredprate and which employed a maximum of 150 workers. Among
the few larger plants were three subordinate to the Belorussian
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Sovnarkhoz, which was housed in the seven-story Government Building
(Dom Pravitelstva) on Sovetskaya Street in Minsk. These plants
were:
a. The electro-mechanical plant, established after World War II
on Ordzhenikidze Street, 200 to 300 meters from the railroad
passenger station, on the site of a tobacco factory which was
destroyed during the -Yrar. The plant employed 200 to 250 people
in two shifts and was engaged primarily in armature winding
for transformers and electrical appliances. In early 1959,
it began the production of gas stoves. The plant consisted of
four single-story buildings, three of which served as production
departments and the fourth as stores and administrative offices.
According to the plant director, another building was to be
added for the expansion of gas stove production.
b. The alcohol distillery at 2, Sovetskaya Street, at the corner of
Ordzhenikidze Street, near the electro-mechanical plant. The
distillery was damaged during World War II but was recon-
structed. It employed about 100 workers in two shifts. The
main building was a two-story U-shaped structure. A spur
from the main railroad passenger station ran to the distillery
and continued to the electro-mechanical plant and the
Gotrop fuel warehouses, where it terminated.
c. The largest brick factory of Brest, about six kilometers from
the city, close to the large southern military camp (Yuzhniy
Gorodok). The factory employed 200 to 250 people and had an
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output of 3,000,000 bricks a year. (There were other small
brick factories in town which belonged to the Local Industry
Directorate.)
3. All small enterprises of the town belonged to the Gorpromkombinat,
which was subordinate to the local industry department of the
Obli4polkom. The combine included carpentry shops, tailors shops,
clothing and tricot goods factories, and leather goods factories.
4. Cooperatives (artely) of Brest and the region were subordinate to the
Oblpromsovet, a regional body located at 64, Lenina Street. The
Oblpromsovet was subordinate not to the local authorities but to the
Bel-Prom-Sovet (Industrial Council for Belorussia) in Minsk.
Public Transportation
5. Public transporation in Brest was by means of buses and taxis only.
There were about 20 bus routes on which approximately 60 buses were
operated. --Fa=large number of these buses was often
6.
not running because of either being under repair or lacking tires.
The town received about four or five new buses a year, but the
number was not sufficient for local requirements. Buses were supposed
to run at 15-minute intervals, but in practice it was necessary to
wait at least half an hour during rush hours.
Brest had three motor transportation companies (avtotransportniye kontory),
two of which were subordinate to the Ministry of I.2otor Transportation
(ninisterstvo Avtotransporta) in I.,linsk, and the third to the Belorussian
Ministry of Trade. Offices of the first two companies were located
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close to each other at the end of lyabskovskaya Street (formerly
Jagielonska Street?) in/che Tryshyn quarter. One company had about
400 taxis and 60 to 70 buses, providing public transportation in the town
and region, and the other company had 200 freight trucks. The
ministry of Trade company, which had 50 to 60 trucks, was on
Kashtanova Street, not far from-he town's second military camp, the
Northern Cantonment (Severniy Gorodok).
Power Stations
7. Brest had two power stations, both pre-World War II thermal instal-
lations:
a. The main power station (Gorodskaya Elektrostantskya) was near
the Mukhovets River, within the city limits. The station was
renovated and expanded in 1957 and included a ne-vT building for
the installation of additional equipment. This project cost
6,000,000 rubles and during construction was supplied with
current by a mobile power station (elektropoyezd) which was
brought from P,linsk- and was returned after completion of the
construction.
b. The railroad power station (zheleznodorozhnaya elektrostantsiya)
was near the main passenger station. This plant, which was
connected to the main power station, supplied current to the
main passenger station and the five freight stations.
{t% In 1956, construction was begun of a large new power station in the
vicinity of Bereza Kartuskaya (Bereza) 1T52-32, E24-597. The
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station, which was being built by the Minsk Sovnarkhoz, was still
under construction in 1959 and was to be completed by 1961. It
was said that this plant would supply electricity to Nb.l~isk and the
surrounding area.
Railroad Stations
8. The Brest Severnaya station was the main freight railroad station
which handled transfer of goods, chiefly heavy cargoes, from Poland
to the USSR. The station building was rather small, but
it had large warehouses, numerous cranes, and a long
scaffold bridge for coal-conveying. The Brest-Ituihovet- and
Brest-Bu stations also handled freight transportation from Poland
to the USSR. All three stations were constructed after World
War II and were located close to each other. Other freight stations
were the Brest-Vostochnaya and the Brest-Poleskaya: It was said
that 1,000 railroad cars per day transited the five freight stations.
In 1957, construction was completed of three buildings at the main
passenger station, the Brest Tsentralnaya. The buildings were
lu:urious three-story structures, considered among tie finest of their
kind in the USSR. One of them served local passengers; another, on
the third floor of which was a hotel, was reserved for foreign tourists;
and the third consisted ofcffices. A tunnel led to the platforms from
a point about halfway between the first two buildings. Constructions
of the buildings and the tunnel cost 12,000,000 rubles.
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Military Installations
10. Construction was begun in 1957 of a
military plant
seven kilometers from Brest, near
the civilian airport of the city. Upon its completion
the plant was to employ about 3000
workers.
11. The touthern military camp, the larger of the two military camps
in Brest, started about four kilometers from the city, on the left
side of the asphalt road to Kovelt N51-13, E24-437. The camp dated
back to Polish rule but had been expanded by the Soviets. It con-
sisted of several large three and four-story barracks with red tile
roofs, where possibly many regiments of armored artillery and other
troops were billeted, totaling some 8000 soldiers. The commander
of the camp was a Major-General.
12. The-4orthern tLlitary Camp, also a pre-war camp, housed about 4000
soldiers and was located 200 to 300 meters northwest of the main
railroad passenger station. This camp commander was also a Major-
General.
13. The Brest garrison headquarters was located on a small side street
off Lenina Street. In addition to the garrison commander (a
Lieutenant-General) and the two camp commanders, seven ot1er generals
were stationin Brest.
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14. There were no air force units stationed in Brest or its vicinity. The
closest military airfield, in Pruzhany fN52-33, E24-27, was said
to be a large installation with possibly many air force units.
15. Brest had a civilian airfield, sTtuated not more than one kilometer
northwest of the main railroad passenger station. The airfield had
no paved runways, only packed soil and turf surface. No military
aircraft had been seen on this field.
Offices and Institutions
16. There were the following offices and institutions in Brest:
a. Oblispolkom, in a four-story building at 7 Lenina Street.
b. Obkompartii, in a four-story building at 9 Lenina Street.
c. Gorkompartii, in a three-story building at 18 Pushkina Street.
d. - Gorispolkom, in a four-story building at 49 Sovetskaya Street.
e. Regional M.V.D., in a four-story building on Moskovskaya Street.
f. Regional K.G.B. offices, in a three-story building at 3 Lenna
Street.
G. Town police directorate, in a taro-story building at 38
Komsomolska Street.
h. State Bank regional branch, in a three-story building at 5
Lenina Street.
i. Central post office, telephone exchange, and telegraph office,
in a four-story building on 112oskovskaya Street.
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j. Teachers' high school, at the end of Lenina Street.
k. Regional hospital, in a large four or five-story building at 11
or 13 Lenina Street.
1. Hospital for contagious diseases, in single-story buildings
on Moskovskaya Street. 50X1-HUM
M. Oblovoenkomat, on Lenina Street.
n. Armoured Artillery Defense Headquarters (Shtab P.V.O.), on
Karla Marksa Street.
o. Garrison Hospital, on Pushkina Street.
Constr.lc-lon
17. Construction work in the city was hardly noticeable until 1956 or
1957, when it was started on a large scale. Mainly apartment houses
of at least four stories were being built, the ground floors being
reserved for shops, workshops, and offices. New buildings were
constructed mostly on Karla Marksa, Pushkina, Lenina, and Moskovskaya
Streets. The general building program for 1957 envisaged an investment
of 100,000,000 rubles, but building was executed only to about 70
percent of the planned sum. The building programs of 1J5 6, 1958, and
1959 were also only partly carried out. For example, the construction
of a four-story department store at 14, Sovetskaya Street was completed
at a cost of 4,,000,000 rubles in 1958, instead of 1956, as planned.
A luxurious restaurant, the Brest, was completed in 1958 at the corner
of Pushkina and Sovetskaya Streets. The construction, which cost
2.5 million rubles, had been planned in the program of 1957. A
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three-story hotel, which also formed part of the 1957 construction
plan, was completed in 1958, at the corner of Lenina and Ordzhenikidze
Streets, at a cost of 1,200,000 rubles. The 1956 construction
program included a 23 million-ruble carpet factory in back of the
department store at 111, Sovetskaya Street.
however, only 50X1-HUM
the frames of its two three-story building 4iere ready.
18. In spite of the construction work in
of apartments was still badly felt. 50X1-HUM
3000 people -Tore still critically in need of housina. By Soviet
regulations, each person was entitled to living space of nine square
meters (except in i.ioscow and Leningrad, zthere the nom---l was seven
square meters). Calculations showed that in Brest the index figure
did not equal more than four square meters per person. The following
example illustrated the seriousness of housing conditions in the
city: five Belorussian families which had emigrated
in 1934 or 1935 returned to Brest in 1957, following an extensive
repatriation propaganda campaign. When the families arrived in town,
no apartments could be found for them. They were housed for some time
in a hotel, which they were later asked to leave, and they were
dispersed as lodgers among various households, with the result that
members of one family were separated.
19. About 70 percent of the buildings in Brest were connected to the
central water supply system, which provided drinking water from the
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Mu ovets River; the main pumping station was on the river bank, not
far from the main power station. the remainder of the
buildings still received water from street pumps and open wells.
The sewerage system, which existed only in the central part of the
city, was pre-World War II and had not been expanded.
20. A gas pipe was being laid in 1958 between Riga and I?'- nsk, via
Bereza-Kartuskaya. The Brest town council applied to the Belorussian
Party Central Committee for inclusion in this network. The CC
approved the application, and in 1960 Brest was to have received
gas by a pipeline from Bereza-Kartuskaya.
a. (fnu) Avramenko was the director-designate of the numbered
military plant and was supervising the construction work,
the following personalities in Brest:
still in progress
b. Stepan I3ikolayevich Bachin was director of the regional
Obipromsovet, at 611, Lenina Street.
c. Viktor Ivanovich Bichkovskiy, a Russian transportation engineer,
had been second secretary of the town Party Committee since 1951.
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e. Vasily Nikolayevich Lutskin, a Belorussian, was appointed
chairman of the Brest Oblispolkom in 1959. Prior to that time,
he served as second secretary of the redonal Party Committee
in Brest,
f. Roman ?3aumovich Machulskiy was chairman of the Oblispolkom
from 1953 to 1959, when he was ousted from his post and trans-
ferred to i~,i.nsk.
A Belorussian,
g. (fnu) Masherov had been first secretary of the regional party
Committee in Brest since 1954, prior to which time he morked
at the Central Committee of the Belorussian Party. A Belo-
russian,
h. Gavril Nikolayevich Oleynik, a Belorussian, had been first
secretary of the town Party Committee since 1957. He had
previously been first secretary of the district Party Committee
of Zhabinka L52-12, r24-01A
i. Colonel Ivan Ivanovich Yanushka, a Belorussian from Minsk, had
been commander of the Brest regional police since 1953-
j. Sergey Sergeyevich Mukov had been chairman of the Brest torn
council since 1956. He had previously been first secretary
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of the town party Cow ttee in Baranovichi L!d53-08, E26-07.
A Belorussian,
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`in l 59, the town of Kurenets Id54-33, E26-57 in Vileyka district
50X1-HUM
h&d a population of some 3500, about 80 percent of whom were
Belorussians. The town's streets were of unfinished stone and most
of the buildings were made of wood, except a few made of stone which
housed offices and official institutions. Some of the town's inhab-
itants were members of the local Put Lenina kolkhoz. The local
police station was manned by one militiaman.
2. The principal buildings in Kurenets were a sawmill (lesopilny
zavod) with some 200 workers, a porcelain factory (kafelny zavod)
with about 100 employees, a raechanical bakery (khlebozavod) with
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about 50 workers, a water-powcred flour mill, a seed distribution
station and experimental laboratory, a 10-grade school, a hospital
with approximately 150 beds, a railway station with five sets of
tracks and a station which was constructed in 1951 to replace
the one destroyed in World War II, the office of the town council
(sel-sovet), a post office, a cattle market (zagot skot), and the
Komsomolets cinema.
Attached is a sketch, with legend, of Kurenets and its main buildings.
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Legend
1. Sawmill.
2. Porcelain factory.
3. Mechanical bakery.
4. Flour mill.
5. Seed distribttion station.
6. Hospital.
7. School.
8. Railway station.
9. Town council office.
10. Post office.
11. Cattle market.
12. Komsomolets Cinema.
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vG.v:cou ^
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1. Pruzhany IN 52-33, E 24-237, a district center in Brest Oblast,
3. The highest-ranking military officer in Pruzhany was an air force
colonel. The local air force unit was stationed at the following locations:
50X1-HUM
most of the town was destroyed
50X1-HUM
during World War II and was rebuilt very slowly. r4,ost of the buildings
were made of wood, and it was only in 1955 that the first brick buildings
were erected. The new, two or three-story buildings were constructed
primarily for the use o1the air force unit which was stationed in Pruzhany.
2. The streets were entirely unsurfaced excep7or the main thorough-
fares, which were paved with stone. There were no central sewage or water
supply systems nor any urban bus lines, with the exception of one which
provided transportation every half-hour to Oranchitsy railway station
/N 52-28, 10, 2I.-327.
had a population of 13,000 to 15,000
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Ile
a two-story brick building which apparently served as barracks, on ul.
Kobrinskaya at the corner of ul. Brestkaya; a two-story brick building
which contained the units's headquarters, on.ul. Pochtovaya opposite the
Belorus cinema; several wooden cabins on ul. Pochtovaya, near the garrison's
infirmary; and three two-story brick buildings on ul. Dombrovskaya, which
housed officers' families.
1i. The unit's airfield was located about three kilometers northeast
of Pruzhany, near the village of Kuplin. It was called the Kuplinski
Aerodrom by the local population, to distinguish it from the so-called
Zasimovitski Aerodrom which was two or three kilometers west of Pruzhany,
near the village of Zasimovichi, where the unit serving the Kuplin airfield
was stationed.
5. Pruzhany had no large industrial enterprises. Its main employers
were the following:
a. The municipal industrial combine (gor. prom. kombinat), which
employed about 300 workers and included a flour mill, a sawmill,
a mechanical carpentry shop, a metalwork shop, and a workshop for
production of felt overshoes.
b. Artels for shoe and clothing manufacture and for the barbering
trade, which were located in a three-story building constructed
after World War II on ul. Dombrovskaya at the corner of ul.
Kobrinskaya, and which employed about 150 workers.
c. An abattoir and sausage factory.
d. A dairy on ui.. Sovetskaya which employed about 50 workers.
SECRET
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Pruzhany' s electric poorer station, which began operation after
'.]orld War II, supplied current to the town and the airfields nearby. It
was housed in a former church on ul. Brestkaya.
7. The town hospital (gor. bolnitsa), with 150 to 200 beds, was in
an old building on ul. Sovetskaya.
!!'' 3. The town had two 10-grade schools and an agricultural tekhnikum
which offered three-year courses.
50X1-HUM
Public officers, such as the militia, the District Party
Committee, and the District Txecutive Committee, were located on ul.
Sovetskaya, the main street of Pruzhany.
10, the following personalities in Pruzhany:
a. Lt. Colonel Mikhail Chernodub~
to the air force unit stationed in town.
c. Lt. Colonel Snezhko (fnu)~__
officer of the air force unit.
was attached 50X1-HUM
5flX1-HI JM
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d. Verkhov(~ts (fnu), born in the village of I2iorova near Pruzhany,
had been a District Court judge for many years. A Communist Party
50X1-HUM
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MIMI
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
This material contains information affecting the National Defense of the United States within the meaning of the Espionage Laws, Title
18, U.S.C. Secs. 793 and 794, the transmission or revelation of which in any manner to an unauthorized person is prohibited by law.
COUNTRY Hungary
SUBJECT Brochure Describing a Hungarian A
/ Electrode Regulator for Electric
Arc Furnaces
DATE OF
INFO.
PLACE &
DATE ACQ.
REPORT
DATE DISTR.
NO. PAGES
REFERENCES
THIS is UNEVALUATED INFORMATION. SOURCE GRADINGS ARE DEFINITIVE. APPRAIS~
20 Airil 1962
1 50X1-HUM
is a German-lguage brochure of he Hungarian .
foreign trade agency KIM describing an(electronic-hydraulic)electrode
regulator for electric arc furnaces.
STATE I ARMY
NAVY J JAIR I INSA FBI
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 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/01
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NIKEX
UNGARISCHES AUSSENWDELSUNTERNEH7 EN
FUR DIE ERZEUGNISSE DER. SCI ERINDUSTRIE
Buda set V. Dorottya-u.6.
Postfachs 51 B dapeet 25.
Telegramme c Nikexport
Flektroniech - hgdraulischer Elektrodenregler
ftir Liahtbogeu8fen
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Es wird *in* ?lekt i-ische Elektroden-Rogelein-
richtun fair Liehtho
6 tfen ~itt -l~a~-~r ~c~x~od~em-sx~at~~~.~uag
beachrieben.
ldabread des ga n Schns lss vorp ge s a dg rt siati im
Lichtbogenofeu die Image des fasten, tipster fii.esigan, Linla' ties ux d d.-
nit. attoh die . 1.ch bogual '_. i r abr~ww .. $war. echnell.
f a tai*seT
e3le il8lt~ l e &i* r i Ph rdse and di #
Ieistungsaufaahme des Ot is g1,6 tieing sit der lbeu Geschwindig-
keit.
Die Aufpbe ds. Rlektrodenreg1,re lot die mi g--
Iichat Schnell* Wiederhe?etollung d.r .ahtigen Liohtbegoal dutch
Verstellung der Elektrodeu im entep 2.ad Starts and ',,Hasse, u.-,u sine
gleiehmaesige, tit den Ofenbetrieb ?ptimale I4i8tungsatzfn hme zut
-s3ciiera -mid dit a~tatf inert le lit a fge t, g#ns wLvb-
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ease Alxeati t l 6 l P O X Sekua - der - t eb i uM . 4rdsr Eilowatt--
cLt.
~#r~ett+e~- ! :~#~ nur .anf`. _,1t~asaae _Kir~glioh.
Die riehtl
. ,, . 31ex~~a~~i.. ~t_ ?imr ~iuaserapct
wfttitige i g sat don Orr etr# b wir eha 'tUew.r nag` teahni-
scher Hinsiebt aut. _:8sge]ung bee tatiusat di.e $chmr'isstit and den
E> a ~nrestsa r f ... alp - r kti i i flits -.ia :a i,aclist.~
deader vesbitst die gtorungeA~ ,.; .e *U riscben Katz and er%8g..
linht dasit sine erWhte BetTt*beiigh trhajt.
-?It ft*bU st* # W_ des put, Sisktrode-.-
"gle iat si ies, jet OOWIXmw' furies i.neprec:hsn. Die
11401 16t aua Gseci 3teg ada* vt c ndite ':* vta8 , lass es gene die
Eletz~ laageetw. -sei2 Q,ea et.Ytr'isohea Vorgang our ei-
aea lwtuen 1 i#t g ttsle+ils stt ; ge , karts heutzutage aahon als
veraitit betraehtft ws *a* Di**** sip ist otrsnbar w right ig,
dean as ist illuseri einan ate optimal gedaebten L e i e t t m g s aittel-
wert s u siehern,wsnn dis MMamo:ta cwerte a stung~ night im goring-
ettn optt al a -$.
Dsr.sn beaehrei de 8sglsr erf'dllt die obigen
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Bedingungen durch Vezwendung der mode=en rege) techa#sohen tiittel
in hScheten .'dasse, Der Kegler spricht allf die Abweichung dsr Licht-
bogenlInge vom eingesteI1ten 3o11wer an, ubt sine Yom Sinne and Gro-
eas der Abweichung abhengige Steuerwirkung aut elektronisahsm rlege
aus and veranlasst elektrohydraulisch die notige Veratellung der Elek-
trode/n/.
Es 1st sine bekanute Tateache, days die Elektronik
das ecbnellste elsktritche Anaprbeheh and die schz e11ste tbertragung
das hydr-iulische System aber the gx tet* kuati hrengsgesehwindigkeit
eichert. Deer ] rdraulische Antrisb ist beeondere vorteilhaft, wean
gross* Madsen geradlin,. uster h` Ufigem Riehtungewecbsel an kursen
Strecksn veretellt werd4 aollen. Die e'?w en Umetand* kenassichnen
auch die Bewegung der Zlektrodoa der Lichtbogenv"fen.
Mach dad Prinsip der Regelung ist das mode mete
nahmlich die proportionale Impfdansregelung. bans Bennseichen der Im-
pedanzregelung, im Gegensatz sur heutzutage schon veralteten Regelung
: of konstante Stromstirke, ist ihxe Etgenschaft, imor nur die Steles
lung jener llektrode mu andern, deeaen Lichtbogenlangs infolge der
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t *b + s i . sb'~Ithli~a tirrBiFi . ung
auf konstante Stromsterke end?rt der Regler aueh die Stellun? der an-
deren swei Elsktroden. and ka damit das scho *reeltuttez4e Gleieh?-
gewich 4" $etrtabee meth ezehr--stgrea. Der. Iapsda *r*g1ar taut the
Elektreden selbst bei Zt ndung des Lichtbageue aicht in den flussigon
r Satz hinein, sondern last eie nur die Oberfl&-.ha ber?ihrea. Ea it
sine besondere vorteilhafte Eigoamehaft unseree Slektroderiregleri,
dass er den Lich#to A auf de* kaltsn Sis sate s**rerdontlich teieht
siindet. Dteea
geeaa ANN&_.e3s iir~ieu~hrs~, uttr ems' 24iif.,.dsr
LiehbbogenzUadung wirksaa t Ble.miat-der gchaltung ohne bew gliche
Toile ge eieheert. Daaailb? - Rte s bt Us sa1bsbt ige Zeben
alter drei Elektroden bei einem' 34p w ausfa11 odor Auseehaltung
des afen tr=ns 'or-aators.
-Don
r ~.uIiscben '1ektrcdenrem,.Ier* stellt bbil g 1. . 2wiachen dom
r1i e is *and d e r v as tro&en c 1 s r Ttimdf ! : es':drphOO I S,9? brO C ,lint
A 'I ; dream Lichtbagen.Die Strc and S iannuataverha3.tnis go' der
Lichtbo en i"d- vonsinande' might unabhAugi wail das Sy t keinen
Abb. 1.
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C1 J
A
7
l1
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Nulleiter hat.
Das Schema des Regeluagesyste!ea wurde nur fdr ei-
no Phase gezeichnet, Die Elements /3/,/4/,/5/,/6/ and /7/ wiederholen
Bich bei jeder Phase.Die Ele!ente/5/ der drei Phasen and ein viertes,
den anderen vollig gleiches ErsatzstUek rind in einem gemeineamea Ge--
ratesehrank untergebracht.
Die Beweguig der .ktroder. und. die Einetellung
der Lichtbogenlange erfolgt durch hydraulische Druckkolben /4/ the
each in den Druekzyiindern /3/ beo egen.
Des aus der Ptmge /8/ rind dom Windkeseel /9/ be-
s-tehende hydrauUeche System dent cur wasserversorgung unter an-
nb.hernd konstantem Druck.
Die Bewegung der ilektroden wind durch das aus ei-
nem Betatigungs tagneteu /6/ and einem Schieber /7/ beetehende elektro-
hydraulische Ventil gesteuert. Verstelit der Magnet den Schieber aus
seiner gezeiehneten Ruhel ge nach-oben,so verbindet or die Leitung a
des Druckzylinders it der Leitung 2 des 4aseerversorgungsaystemes.
Das . asser stromt in den Druckzylinder hinein and the Elektrode wird
Burch den Druckkolben gehoben solange bis das elektrohydraulische
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Ventil in seine Ruhel=age zur ekgekehrt ist.Befindet sich der Schieber
in seiner Ruho1 age, so hat die Leitung a weder Zulauf nosh Ablauf and
die Elektrode bloibt unbeweglich. Verstellt die Zugstange des -dagnets
den Schieber nach unten, so verbindet er die Leitung $ cut der ib-
liufleitung des hydraulischen Syste!ns. Demzufolge vermindert sick der
'tasserdruck im Druckzylinder and die Elektroden fangen an sick durch
ihr Eigengewicht zu senken. Das Senken der Elektroden wird Burch das
Zuruckkehren des Ventils in seine Ruhelage beendet. Sowohi die Hebe-
als i:uch die Senkgeschwindigkeit hangen davon ab, in ~melchem Masse
Bas elektrobydr3ulische Ventil den ~%'uerschnitt der Leitung Sffnet,
das heist in welchem masse der Betatigungsmagnet den Schieber aus
seiner Ruhelage verstellt. In semen versehiedenen Lagen verursacht
der Schieber in der Leitung I sine verschiedene Drosselung. Wie es
sick spiter herausetellen wird, waehst die Bewegungagesehwiadigkeit
der Elektrode mit der Abweiehung der Lichtbogenimnpedanz vom Soliwert,
die Regelung ist also proportional.
Der Betatigungemagnet /6/ hat zwei Spulen. Linter
der .tiirkung der einen Spule bewegt sich die Zugstange des iagnete
nach obey, unter der ',Nirkung der anderen nach unten.Eine Starke ?eder
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eacht ' di4 Zugetange and , den da nit gekoppelten Sch ,giber in die Ruhe-
1Age surttcks etelien. Der Magnet tibereindet bei Veretellung der Zug-
$t a and 8ibe= Behiebers die Federkreaft, ihre Ver hiebung hdgt liao
von der atreutiilft der Gatapreebetnd*n . Bpu Z.e elb~.*
Die elektronisehen Steuerorgane /5/ wirken in fol-
gea
'eie..
,egreu de* A r
p tse -wind: d" toil _ Strom.
w
]*r ers
eugee: aj]+.
al und, die S p uag u swisabo. der
Phaamlei
n uad dtr gea'
sten, in' 404 Ein?ats geateckten Sa de. Ein
elektrea Scher Y,zetarker verstarkt the Different tJ O1I -d*r Ein-
gangPsi rta le and erregt mit der Auagangagrdsse die eins Oder audere
Spule des -gnets in Abhangigkeit' von. Vorzeichen dieser Differenz.Ist
I , 's? rfrd his Dif ereris gleich Idull,der gnet wird also nicht
erregt and der Schieber bleibt in seiner Ruhela,ge. Dabei bleibt such
die ilektrode unbiweglich. In diese t Zustand ist II /I CI%gleiah der-
je'nigen apti glen Impedauz die der Regier a ufrechtzuerhaltan sucht.
Ist die Differenz tJT-C1IT poaitly, ist also der Bogen zu 1ang, so er-
refit das elektronische Steuerorgan die Spule "Senken" des xd: ets - ait
einem, der Difforeuz UV-CIIT proportionalen Strom and die Elektrode
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senkt sieh, bis die optleale Lichtbogenimpedans wiederhergeetellt Let
and d.as Auagangssig l des -eloktronfschen Steuerorganes wiedmr-: gieich
Null wirfl. let die I}Lffe ens IYT negativ, ist alto der Ljchtbogm
zu kurz, so erregt das elekbronisehe Steuerorgen die Spine "'b"on" deb
.agnets and die Elektrode hebt sich bis zum lu1lwerden der Dif`feXenz,
also bis die liederherstellung der optimalen Lichtbogeniaapedi z.
Die AAeprechgeschwindigkeit des Systue. ist aus-
serordentlich gross. Obwohl der Betatigungsmagnet des elektr?hydrau-
lischen Ventils von robuster Aius: ihrung ist, and eine grosse waft
eus-.ibeu kenn, wirtt das elektrobydraulische Ventil each einer eprun.g-
weisen Abweiehung der Lichtbogenimpedanz schon binnen 1,5..2 Peril 4en
in seine, der Stdrungsintensitat proportiohale Endatellung in der .azs-.
ti ;en Richtung verschoben and da.mit ist die Verstellung der Blektrode
lit geeigneter Beschleunigurtg bereits begonnen. i it amlicher Ge--
schwindigkLit reagiert das System auch auf the Wiederherstellung der
optimalen Lichtbogeni'npedanz. Der Regler ist imstande Korrektionea
rasch nacheinander in weehnelnden Richtun _en it grosser Gesehwindig-
keit auszufuhren,wenu s.B, ' egen der Vera hmutzung der ?berfL she dee
kalt*?t ^insataies die Ziindnng des Lichtbogens ditere naeheinander -'e -
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eueht ate i ,Air l,- ie i ecb is u d ck~. X11 a .ede ete~?
r #aft 11VM8- deb *liktro - nicht
da- d#e. Sohiwmg+usso des s b schlwa clam Row
tore us I ? `tabs der w,410 :ia o eUe reduziestem t i es,
Die" rt iizts Maas .wrd is `Fi11e dis motori..
. .a S tbetr ebi*tsu Aig and die lath. tg den to
$sbea Au iebes- dureh sin ftgeugewioht segar-.-na b. vetdopp 3#..._
t lc hg' rfo1gt Io na !,tai
1* ' ' Deer Appa- afi~ ; dnz~ b euea I?raaldrJ1 $tage..,
:21/ is wind it earn dienebden Schauer
awl ebea ,ealha At tiger Rage' ? Rendstauarang gewAh1t.
I?egs l l tb ,dam : col :-bit ! Wohtran>!sfc rmatcrr a aeul i#
~rl:rd rd d!e'i s!> ibohs1 *t sate rink aicb die 214Mted4*1at n6n
gplung ._ _ g stel3t eo 3tee i.+R . e tl?-s -a . a .s t~r$o _ia ` h iE :ham.
Druakkn6pte in beidtn Rt-chtungen reraatellt warden.
-'b./.y Nird der '46hteehalter auf "Selbett at3,ge Re
a. / Bei drteuerung k3naea die Elektroden dureh
Abb. P.
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to
die Lichtb8gen and suchen ihre Lange unter der uirkung der beschrie-
benen Regeieinrichtung selbsttatig auf dam eingestellten Soliwert zu
halten.
Der Bedienende kann auch in den selbsttatigen Be-
trieb it den Druck napfen der Iiandsteuerung eingreifen.
3.1 Die Einstellung der Schmelzleistung/Der Bogen-
1an;e/ erfolgt durch drei Stufenschalter des Apparatee, die zu den
Pha.sen R,S,T, geharen.
4./ Bei der Unterbrechung odor Beendigung des
Sebtelzbetriebes wind der im Punkt 2. erwahnte Schalter in seine
dritte, "Saartliche Elektroden Heben" Lage gestellt, worauf ails drei
lekt'roden gehoben warden.
Die obigen Bedienungseienente werden auf der
Schalttafel des Ofens untergebracht.
fn LF7:en.der: y eil.en.
Die beschrieben#*-. i egeleinricistun besteht was den
1./ Elektronischer Steuerscbrank /abmessungen $
22oo H lgoo x 4oo S.Abb.2.u.3/.
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2./ 3 St.elektrohydraulische Ventile /J bmessungen
je 9f 2oo x 6oo S.
3.1 Bedienungseleaente.
4./ eatzteile.
Die beschriebene, Einrichtung hat abgesehetr von den
Ventilen oral Elektroneurahren eine prektisch unbegrenzte Lebensdauer,
da sie nur unbewegliche Bestandteile in einer 2ur die Schwerindustrie
geeigneten robusten F usfi hrung enthalt.
qua" Verlangen liefern wir Ers.3tzventile in be-
liebiger Anz.ah1 norm lerweise 3 St.Ventile and 1 St. Betatigungsmag-
neten..Die Erneuerung der a4genutaten Bestandteil.e macht keine Schwie-
ritkeiten.
Die in dem ,',pparat verwendeten Elektronenrohre i
sind =Tetallstro tore /Thyratrone/ and Hochvakuu:irbhrea.
? Die Stroatere Bird, der Type TKOO1. 'fir liefern. mit
der Regeleinriehtung auch Er3:tzr6hren. Die Darchschnittslebensdauer
der Rohren betragt ungefahr 5000. utunden. of Verlang?n des EestFl-
lers k arm der ; ;r,ar,t fir 3ndere Riibren ahztltcher LeigtunR verfer3iyrt
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Die Hochv: umrohren /J L3, CY29 EZ4/ And inter-
altie::u1 verwendete Typen, ihre L benpdauer it weger_ tier geringeern
deanspruchung d