INFORMATION ON RUMANIA.

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP83-00415R000800010021-8
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 26
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: March 13, 2012
• Sequence Number: 21
• Publication Date: March 23, 1948
• Content Type: REPORT

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BubJect: Information on
1. The whole. h of the D tbp- BLver from the mouth of Sulina to the
city of Liazi.asa txated on thw a- ierbian border, is 1075 kilmetere.
50X1-HUM
3w- The distances in kilometers"." marked on signs located on the left
bank of the river. These sions are sported on single concrete posts.
Teas of kilometers (ile. 1Q,.. , ,.?, 30), atpc.) are marked on sips supported
on twin concrete posts.
ENCLOSURE
IM
WAS
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4. From the city of Sulina to the city of Galtz the 'ver
is indicated in miles, and is 80 miles or 150 kilomeete sign which
indicates 80 miles is located exactly in front of the-Rumanian naval ship-
yard at Galata. The sign which marks 151 kilometers is set exactingly in
front of the harbor Master's office 'at Galatz.
5. The depth of the channel. of the river at the entrance of Sulina before
the war was 25 feet. Now, however, it is between 20 and 22 feet, because
there has been no dredging for about t .. years.
6. The depth of the channel from Sulina to Galatz is 25-26 feet, i.e.
about 8 meters.
7. From Sulina to Galatz freighters can sail freely, provided they use
a pilot.
8. The depth of the channel from Galatz to Braila, or from km. 151 to
km. 172, is about 25 feet.
9. From Braila to the island of Gisca, or-from km. 172 to km. 249, the
depth of the channel at the most is 3 meters. From km. 195 to km 1075 the
water becomes shallower and has a depth of fran 3-5 meters. The depth
depends upon the time of year and upon the rainfall.
10. From km. 249 to km. 371 the river is divided into two arms. The north-
ern stream is called Borcu, and the southern is the Danube proper.
11. The island at km. 253 is called Gisca. It is not inhabited, but is
used for pasture in the spring.
II. Banks of the River.
12. From the mouth of the river to km. 930 both banks of the river are
thickly wooded. The trees overhang the banks so that ships which can ap-
proach the banks are hidden. Thus the war fleet of the Danube can be suc-
cessfully camouflaged, and this camouflage is complete when the decks of
the ship are covered with the branches of trees.
13. From km. 930 to km. 1075 the banks are precipitous, having on each
side the heights of the Carpathian Mountains.
III. Anal is of Attached Plan 'A'.
14. Ismail Mouth. Chilia Arm. Point (1) on attached Plan 'A' is the
mouth o e river from the hilia or Ismail branch, which is called
Patapov. The fishing boats and small motorboats usually sail from this
mouth. The maximum depth of the water at this point does not exceed 3 feet.
15. Stari-Stambul mouth. Point (2) is the mouth called Stari-Stambul.
The dep of the water ere is about 12 feet. From this mouth usually sail
the steamships (always with a pilot). Until 1944 Rumanian pilots were
used. In August 1944 they were all replaced b Ftussian s the Navy. 50X1-HUM
The region
or is held exo sians and Rumanians are
forbidden to approach.'
the Ruman an e e formerly 1oca a ate'' 7. and had probably
nlaced addition mines- but nobody knew the lncatinn if them-
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nn
Viduri mouth. Point (3) is the mouth called ViduriitIfl
.channel at this mouth is ]. to 3 feet. It is used only by small boats.
.7. Towa of Valcov. Point (4) marks the point where the village of Valcov
is locate . is population numbers about 5000. This village was formerly
inhabited by Russians from Bessarabia, Rumanian fishermen, and a few
merchants. After 1941; the Rumanians left, and only the Bessarabian Russian
fishermen remained. Valcov is situated at km. 18.
18. On the bank of the river opposite Valcov and located at km. 21 is
the hamlet of Perprava inhabited by Rumanian fishermen; it has about 100
ho*ses.
19. From km. 21 to km. A. where there is a red beacon, marked (8) on
attached Plan At, the river divides into two branches, the northern and
the southern. The northern is called Solomonov, and the southern is the
main arm of the Chilim. Boats can sail on both branches, for the depth
of the water is about 5 meters.
20. At a point km. 21-22, by the right bank of the river, lies the sunken
Rumanian gunboat CUTATZU.
21. Cis ty of Chilia Veche. Point (10) in the city of Chilia Veche at km.
1;,1. T. city has a population of about 25,000. All are Rumanians engaged
in fishing and farming.
22. Peribrave Branch. Point (11) is a branch called Peribrave (or
Peribrade ? It is useless for navigation and is overgrown with willows.
23. Cit of Chilia Veche. Point (12) is a city which is also called
Chilies ec e, just 117e-fhe city on the opposite bank. It is inhabited
for the most part by Russians, but there are also a few Rumanians. The 50X1-HUM
city has about 40,000 inhabitants engaged in trade and-agriculture. There
is a Russian army force located here with permanent barracks;
meters east of this city.,
by the left bank of the river, there is a Rumanian at COCA-DSIARO
which was sunk by the Russian airforce in August 19th.
24. Canal-Iste1 or Chilia. Point (9) is a branch called Canal-Istanbul
or C ia. It 1;'a length o 115 kilometers or about 43 miles.
25. Chislicea Island. Point (14) is a red beacon on the western tip of
the isTan called i slicea. Small steamers can pass to the north of this
island, because the depth of the channel at the minimum is 3 meters.
Large steamers pass south of the island.
26. The Russian Danube fleet anchors in the winter north of Chislicea
Island along its entire length. In summer this fleet is scattered. The
gunboats usually enter and leave this achorage from the western side of
the island, because the water at the eastern side is shallow. Steamers
are forbidden to said along the northern side of this island.
SECRI tslso
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21. Point (13) is a red beacon on the western side o Be
o
The island is`WrRU ited 50X1-HUM
by Besearabians who are engaged in fishing and gardening.
28. City of Ismail. Point (15) is the city of Ismail which has a popula-
tion of 50,000 inhabitants (Russians.. Rumanians,
system. Ismail is in a way the harbor for all of Bessarabia for trade and
commerce.
The city is now held by the Russians and is run according to the Russian 50X1-HUM
29. Point (16) is a beacon with a green lantern.
30. Mole for the Control of Joe. Point (17) is a mole at ku. 115. Op-
posite s point Is t e 3 mile marker, where there is a red beacon. The
mole is of stone, and has a length of 150 meters, width of 2 meters, and
a height of 1 meter (above the water); its direction is parallel to the
stream, and its purpose is to direct the ice which canes dawn stream towards
the Ismail branch rather than towards the Sulina branch which carries more
important shipping.
31. Sulina Branch. This branch has a total length of 33 miles. From the
south o a ranch to point (21) the banks on both sides are built up
with a. stone well. This branch is chiefly used for freight ships. The
width of this branch averages 150-200 meters.
32. Sulina Mouth. Point (5) on Plan B is the entrance to this mouth. In
this mouth t a mole consisting of two jetties built of stone; they
are about 2 miles long. The exterior jetty (3) is eomektaat longer than the
inner one (!a). The width of each of these jetties is 21-3 meters, and the
height above the surface of the sea is 1 meter. At the end of each is a
lighthouse; the outer one has a red lantern (5) and the inner has a green
lantern (6). At point (7) is a sand bar where the water is 0.60 m. deep.
At point (8) is anchored a black buoy with a green lantern. On this buoy
is a whistle which works automatically when the weather is foggy and when
the sea is rough. At point (9) is marked the river channel of the Sulina
Branch.
33. Sfantu Gheorghe Branch. This has a length of 95 kilometers. Small
fishing steamers sail through this branch, which has a depth of 3-5 meters.
At the mouth of this branch lies the small village of Sfantu Gheorghe.
34. Village of Sfantu Gheor he. This village has about 2000 inhabitants.
They are Rumanians engage n fishing. Those from Bessarabia are Communists
or fellow travelres, but the rest adhere to the Party only because they
have no alternative. The village is administered by the district of Tulcea.
are 120 and 150 mm. caliber.,
Russian hands, and are manned by Russian and Rumanian marines. The
35. At point (5a) is a small, insignificant village called Otinca.
36. Coast Defense Works. (6) marks points of the coast where there used
to be permanen Rumanian coast defense artillery. These points are nor in
an pieces wnereas
- -- ~--
--- SECRETjy
the 150 mm. guns a en rep ace
the 120 mm guns were still Rumanian.
were
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50X1-HUM
37. Point (20) is the km. 93 mark. saw t point are three black buoys. When the buo 11 go-
38. ack alon
~ (18) ~ ( g
the entire length of the river), it'indicates that boats must pass between
the buoy and the left bank of the river. That is, boats coming downstream
must keep these buoys to starboard, whereas boats going upstream must keep
the buoys to port.
39. City of Tulcea. This city lies at (19) where the 38 mile marked is.
It has a ou , inhabitants engaged in fishing, business, and agriculture.
Eight per cent of the population are Rumanians; the rest are Russians,
and Bulgarians. the northeast edge of the city, a dis- 50X1-HUM
tance of about 100 meters from the shore there is a single rock about 5
meters high. On it is a beacon with a green lantern. Ships keep to the
left of this rock when going downstream, and to the right of it when going
upstream. The water forms a whirlpool of such strength that even steam-
boata may be caught in it. There have been several disasters at this point,
particularly of slow moving ships. The city of Tt31cea is built upon a
rocky site and is surrounded by hills.
40. At point (19) are three buoys, of which the eastern is red and the two
others are black.
41. Point (20) is the km. 93 mark of the Sfantu Gheorghe Branch.
42. Town of Tsaktsil (sic). At point (22), which is 56 miles from the
mouth o e river. t has a population of about 10,000 consisting of 50X1-HUM
Rumanians, Bulgarians engaged in business and agriculture.
It produces much fruit and timber. The town is built 2 kilometers inland
from the bank of the river.
143. City of Rani. At point (24). This city is held exclusively by the
Russians. It has 40,000 inhabitants, Russians and Bessarabians, engaged
in business farming, and fishing. In Reni there is a large Russian military
force . The Russian
troops occupy the former Rumanian barracks,, which they have repaired and 50X1 -HU M
extended. In Reni the Russians have located tanks for oil which comes from
Ploesti, transported on barges from Giurgiu. The entire Danube fleet, both
commercial and naval, is supplied with oil from this point (see Plan C).
these tanks are ve large and made of iron
. The tanks are painted light gray. They
are located at a point about 300 meters from the bank of the river on a 50X1-HUM
place between the former grain elevators and the lumber mill. The exact
arrangement is depicted on attached Plan C.
44. Plan c :
(1) -- City of Reni.
2) -- Public park.
3 -- City police.
4 -- City hall.
(5) -- Old Rumanian barracks now occupied by the Russians.
(6) -- 70 mile marker opposite the harbor master's office.
(7) -- Harbor master's office.
(8) -- Harbor police.
(9) -- 69 mile marker.
SEGIE12,11ka
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Railroad station of Rent. Here gather all the cars coming
from the interior of Rumania, carrying grain, oil, troops,
machinery (from, Germany), going to Bolgrad. The munitions
coming from Russia and going to the interior of Rumania
arrive here.
-- 68 mile marker.
-- Grain elevators (always fall).
-- Iron oil tanks (six or seven).
-- Lumber mill.
-- All Chimney.
1$. At point (25), Plan A, are three black buoys at the mouth of the
Pruth River (25a).
46. Point (26) is a white beacon at 71i. mile marker.
147. Point (27) is a small Rumanian village called Cotopisici. It has
about 500 inhabitants engaged chiefly in fishing and farming.
148. At point (28) are two black buoys. On the bank is the 77 mile marker.
At this point there is an artificial harbor built of stone and concrete
and called Bazinul Nou or Bazinul de Cherestia). The details are given on
attached Plan D.
49. Plan D:
(1)
(2)
(3)
(14)
(5)
S6)
-- Bazinul Nou or Bazinul de Kerestia. Its walls are built of
stone and concrete. It extends about 300 meters in from the
bank of the river and can be used by about 300 riverboats and
barges, which usually anchor here in the winter.
Boundary wall of concrete, height about 2.20 meters.
Lumber stacked in the open.
--Three covered lumber stores.
-- Police-Customs.
-- Two black buoys (at point (28) on Plan A).
50. Galat. (29) is the city of Galatz. The population is 160,000.
Eighty per cent of these are Rumanians and the 50X1-HUM
rest are Russians Armenians, It is
governed by a Russian and Rumanian Military Governor (sic). It is the seat
of a province, of a district, and of a Police Directorate.
51. Plan Es
(1)
(3)
Railroad bridge over the Pruth River.
Russian railroad track, wider gauge than the Rumanian.
-- New railroad station of Tranzbortare. It was built about the
and of 1916 and began operating at the beginning of 19147.
Here is collected all (sic) the material coming from the in-
terior of Rumania and destined for Russia. The movement at
this station is large, and the material sent from is of
various kinds, both commercial and military. The Russian care
are run beside the Rumanian cars and are loaded directly.
Material which cannot be loaded immediately is stored in the
;Lt. n warehouses (5), which were built at the same time as
tion. The warehouses are frame construction covered
r paper.
0800010021-8
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(4)
-- Frame structure used as a -warehouse by the`R ~s.
50X1-HUM
(5)
-- Warehouses for all kinds of material.
(6)
-- Harbor Basinul Nou or Bazinul De Cherestia (see Plan D).
(7)
-- Rumanian shipyards for the navy. Called Arsenalul-Marine.
Small craft only (up to 500 tons) can be drawn up from the
river for repair. Larger craft are repaired at the bank of
the river or are towed to the two floating dry docks lying
permanently at the northeast side of the harbor of Calata,
which is called Bazino-Veche or Docuri. In December 19117
there was nothing in for repair at these dry-docks, whereas
on the bank of the river the following naval ships were being
refitted: MARFSST, a Rumanian cruiser of 2,500-3,000 tons,
formerly Italian; MARES3ffiT, a similar ship; RS LINO, a small
Rumanian submarine; GIGULESCO, a Rumanian destroyer of about
800 tons; there were also other tugs and barges which carry
war material. There were.also drawn up for repair in the
shipyards one tug, two barges, and some motorboats.
(D) -- 8X.3. Shi yards. These shipyards are privately owned and
were named 'ere-Navale-Galatzi. Tbey~wmre renamed,
however, and are called Siantierul- $ovrom-Transport. They
have German installations and have a greater capacity than
the Arsenalul Marinei. They are able to build new vessels.
In September 19444 they began working for the Russians. They
make all kinds of repairs of naval and commercial vessels.
They have orders to build six tankers (for the river traffic)
of 2000 tons each. Of the six ships foes were completed and
launched in September 1946, and on 1 November 19117 the others
were about' completed. The Russians took as reparations from
the Rumanians-three barges and one tug. Launching day for the
two remaining river tankers was set for the and of January or 50X1-H U
the beginning of February 1948.
The
administration of the shipyards is as follows: Director-.-
Russian na ca tain D ut Director--Rumanian civil engineer
named Uana :Manager- imanian navy captain 50X1-HUM
named Steriopol Deputy Manager.-Rumanian
navy captain Rado Dragomirescu. Every ship leaving the ship-
yards must be inspected by Dragomirescu. In these shipyards
1000 workmen are employed; they are all Rumanians, about 5% of
whom are Communists. Work is progressing slowly, because the
workers do not work with any enthusiasm, because of the low
pay (30006000 lei), and because it is so difficult to obtain
spare parts for the German machinery and tools.
(9) -- Private houses.
(10) -- Warehouses of the Rumanian railroad freight station,called
Gara No. 8 or Gara de Mirfu ri.
(11) -- Passenger station called Gara No. 10 or Cara de pasatzeri (sic).
(12) Railroad ships. Locomotives are repaired and Rumanian cars
are refitted so they can be used on the wider Russian railroad
tracks.
~' 1Lt~S
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IM ~k WWI
(12a) -- Rumanian railroad shop. It is always full of A manian
looomqtives.
(13) -- Galat$ Harbor. The dimensions of the harbor are: width
Viers, depth ca. 200 meters, depth of water 8 meters,
width of entrance 40-50 meters.
(14) -?- Rumanian state grain elevators.
(15) -- Building which houses the Harbor Administration (Directsia
Docurilor Galatzi) and the Customs House for passengers and
freight. The Director of the Harbor Administration is
Albulesco. The personnel of the customs house numbers about
50, the majority of whom are socialists or members of the
Agrarian Party. The Communists number about 5 of these 50.
(16) -- Cold Storage Plant (Pescartae Statoului (sic)). This is the
largest cold storage plant on the Danube operated with Diesel
power.
(17) -- Private flourmill, put out of commission by Russian bombing
on 23 August 1944.
(18) -- Two buildings, of which the western one is a flourmill under
repair, and the eastern one (near the shore) is a facto for
making tin plate (or sheet iron, i.e. elamarina").
L__ This factory is called Titan-Dadrac-
Ealan, and is now in lussian hands. 50X1-HUM
(19) -- The former Rumanian Naval Base of the Danube. It is a two-
story stone building. It houses Russian naval officers and
enlisted men.
(20) -- Galata Harbor Administration. This is a three-story building.
The second floor is taken over by the office of the Harbor
Master. Until December the Harbor Master was a Rumanian Com-
munist named Popescu, formerly an employee of the Harbor
Master's office, who was-raised to his present position iri 50X1-HUM
1946. Among the officers of the Harbor Administration
the o owings Flo n u anu a ommmnist;.
Victor Dumitrescu
; Ivanov, a Communist.
Briboli, a Communist from Serbia, who knows all the Danube 50X1-HUM
Or ization for Protection of the Danube. This service is
oca a on the thiR story- of the RUEor-Administration build-
ing. It is named Servitsiul Hidraulic. It has under its pro-
tection the river between the 33 mile marker and km. 930. The
director of this service is the Rumanian Schiopu, a Communist.
Among the senior employees of this organization area Adsi
works, because he is responsible for them; Derich,
Sovrom Transport has the first floor of the building. This
company is the former N.F.R. (Navogationia Fluviana Romana).
This Rumanian state company, transformed into a Rsso-Rumanian
company, now has Russian partners. It owns most of the passenger
boats, tugs, and barges of the Danube.
SE ut tS
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_9_MW 50X1-HUM
lid.
(21) -- warehouse for Medical Supplies. This is a three-story build-
ing, privately owned by H. Stefan. It formerly housed various
companies and offices. Now it is held by the Russians and is
used as a warehouse for medical supplies. The building is
colored dark gray, and is distinguished from all the others
by its color.
(22) -- Lumber mill.
(23) --
- rrac Th
ese buildings formerly were used as a naval sta
tion
The place where
(24) -
for the Rumaniah'fieet. They now house a Russian mechanized
unit (motorcycles, automobiles, and light tanks). The cannon
Is changed every three months or so.
these barracks are located is called Cinalina, which is a hill.
The buildings are all different (sic).
Navy wireless. This is the former Rumanian Navy wireless,
now held by the Russians. The antenna is supported on a square
iron tower more than 50 meters high. Point (24) of Plan E is
the position of this wireless tower. The equipment is located
in the first story of the eastern buildin of the barracks.
As wireless has a world-wide ran e.
(25) -- Mine factory. These are small on'e story buildings lying near
the shore on the slopes of the hill Ciglina. The southern one
is used as a factory for making mines, and the northern serves
as storage space for mines.
(25a) --Rumanian Naval Station. This is a one-story building on the
river bank, used by the Rumanian navy as a naval station.
(26) -- Powder Magazine. At this point in 1941-42 three powder magazines
were constructed underground. Each of these has one entrance
which is closed with double wooden doors. Each of these magazines,
which are exactly alike, is 140 meters long, 4 meters wide and
4 meters high. The walls are made of concrete and are a half
meter thick. These magazines are built parallel, and the entrances
are a few meters apart, A rough sketch of these magazines
follows:
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MUM
_10-
Horizontal Cross-Section Vertical Cross-Section
-Jl
Text says
diameter of
4 m. space
between may
be 10 m.
riw ~___77)
- lain ? F- -~j 4 7h
The ground over these magazines is about 60 m. thick.
and the Danube fleet was provided with ammunition from
in time of war these magazines were full of
still used by the Rumanian authorities.
are now held exclusively by the aSIlanZ.
any ammunition now stored in these
magazines mast be of Russian origin.
(27) -- Small uninhabited island, called Cucuoea. It is overgrown
with willows, and on the northern shore there are various
small summer houses., because the shore is used for bathing.
(28) -- Small village called Azaclou or T.K. Bratianu. Its 2000
inhabitants are all Rumanians, engaged in farming or fishing.
(29) -- Church of the Holy Apostles.
these azines 50X1-HUM
unitioni
them.
they are
(l~da) Other subterranean ammunition magazines, formerly Rumanian.
Much larger than the preceding. Daring the war the magazines
at (26) received their ammunition from these magazines. Sub-
52. Point (30) on Plan A is the village of Matsin. It has about 2000
Rumanian inhabitants engaged in farming. On the riverbank there is a small
privately owned shipyard.
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53. Point (30a) is a branch called Matsin or Turkish Danube. During the
winter all the boats from Braila, whose harbor is small, anchor along the
entire length of this branch.
54. Point (31) indicates three black buoy, at the mouth of the river Siret.
55. Point (32) is a red beacon.
56. Point (33) is a white beacon at km. 160.
57, Point (34) indicates three black buoys in front of Braila.
58. Point (35) is the city of Braila. It has about 80,000 inhabitants,
with about the same proportion of non--humanians as Galatz. The harbor of
of Braila is small, and its capacity is about the same as that of the New
Harbor of Galatz. The most noteworthy feature of Braila is a factory
which was converted by the Germans to war production, building small tanks.
It was formerly the factory of the French-Rumanian company called
FRANKORQMANA, which repaired various machines and also locomotives. It
lies on the north edge of the city, very close to the houses. The traveller
from Galati to Braila finds the factory on the left of the railroad line,
at a distance of about 50 meters from it. The factory lies between the
railroad line and the public highway running between Galatz and Braila.
This factory is in operation now,
On their departure the Germans left it un-
touched. 50X1-HUM
59. Point (36) is the city of Hirsova at km. 253. It has about 40,000
inhabitants, and is a commercial city lying on the bank of the Danube
River but without a harbor.
60. Point (37) is the island of Gisca, which has no importance.
61. Point (38) is the city of Cernavada, which has no harbor and is un-
important.
62. Point (39) is a railroad bridge, 4080 meters in length, It is sup-
ported on concrete piers. It unites Rumania with Dobrudja. It is a very
strong bridge--a freight train with 80-90 cars crosses the bridge without
difficulty.
63. Point (40) is the Bordja Branch, beginning at the little island of
Gisca and ending at Point (42) where there is a beacon that is out of
commission. The length of this branch is marked in kilometers, from km.
0.00 at Gisca to km. 101 at the beacon at Point (42). Only small boats
sail on this branch, because at certain points the water is shallow, and
it is for this reason that the beacon is not restored to use.
64. Point (41) is the city of Calarasi, capital of the province of
Ialoaoita. It has no harbor, but it is a commerchl city, and its inhabitants
are engaged in business and in farming.
65. Point (43) is the city of Silistra at km. 371. It was formerly Rumanian
but is now inhabited by Bulgarians and Rumanians, about 50% each. It has no
harbor. There is a cigarette fact ' the river bank.
.r*691-__ ..~.....-
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Oirmff
out
aim
66. Point (44) is the town of Oatrov at km. 362. It is inhabited
by Rumanians engaged in fishing.
67. Point (15) is the town of 01tenita at km. 430. It is situated
4 kiloaaaeters Pram the river bank, where there are grain elevators.
68. Point (46) is the Bulgarian city of Turtuesia.
69. Point (47) is the Rumanian city of Giurn at km. 103. It is
built 4 kilometers from the river bank, but it has a aall harbor
with about 10 petroleum tanks. Petroleum is brought from P:Loesti
and from this point is transported to the north on barges via Rani.
On the river bank near the petroleum tanks is a factory for process-
ing sugar.
70. Point (48) is the Bulgarian city of Ruschuk, which has a small
harbor. Materiel brought from Russia for Bulgaria is unloaded here,
and is transported to the interior of Bulgaria.
71. Point (38c) is a small island at 1n. 303. It is called Hinogu.
72. Point (38b) is a small village called Cecirleani. It Use about
2 kilometers inland from the river and about 4 kilometers south of
the city of Cernavoda.
73. Point (38a) indicated the Central Ammunition Magazines of the
Romanian fleet. They are built underground in the pass between two
hills. The site can be located approximately at a point lying 2
kilometers .south of Cernavoda and 3 kilometers east of the island of
Hinogu. These magazines are generally known by the >e "Hinegu
Magazines".
74. Point (109) ins the Rumanian city of Zimnicea at km. 570. It is
located 5 kilometers inland. It is a eea merciaa]. and farming city.
At km. 563 there are two black buoys, and at km. 567.5 there is a
black and white buoy, below which are sunken barges.
75. Point (5o) is the Rumanian city of Tmrnu-Nagurele at ka. 630.
It is situated inland and has no significance.
76. Point (51) is the Rumanian city of Corabia at km. 710.
77. Point (52) is the Bu]garian city of Nikopol at km. 630.
78. Point (53) is the Rumanian city of Beckyy located 5 kilometers
frown, the river bank at kan. 790. ar.P. ).
79. Point (54) is the Rumanian city of C 'a large
commercial city with various factories. WrNewelapowitail of the
province of Dolz and is a railroad center.
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I
' . .' till 50X1-HUM
time s
13 %too
N
80.
Point (55) is the city of Calafat at ka. 828.
It has no harbor.
81.
Point (56) is the Bulgarian city of Vidin.
82.
Point (57) is a white beacon called Ciganasi, from the name of
the small island. At this point the current of the river is strong,
the passage dangerous, and the island and bottom rocky. For this
reason two beacons (57) and (58) have been placed at km. 875.
83. Point (59) is a small island called Ostrov lying at km. 918. The
island is inhabited by Rumanians. It is important because during the
bad winter weather the river steamers rind shelter along the eastern
side of this island, and so avoid the strong current and the ice floes
which mostly pass on the northwest side of the island where the current
is so strong.
8I. Point (60) is the Rumanian city of Turnu Severin at km. 930. It
has no harbor, but is a commercial city with many factories and privately
owned shipyards lying at the western edge of the city at ku. 932. Above
Turnu Severin the banks of the river are steep and the current strong
(16-17 kilometers per hour). At km. 935 are the cataracts of the Iron
Gates. These cataracts are 2 kiloaeters long, and only very stout
steamers can ascend the stream, by being towed by locomotives on the
Serbian bank.
85. Point (61) is the Fi nian city of Orsova.
86. Point (6la) is a small island called Ada-Caleb at km. 1050. It is
inhabited by Mohammedans who are engaged in the cultivation of tobacco
and the manufacture of cigarettes, the cultivation of grapes and the
producation of cognac. The island is autonomous.
87. Point (61b) is the city of Moldova Noua.
88. Point (62) is the last Rumanian city on the Danube (at In. 1075).
It is named Bazias and is situated 3 kilometers inland.
89. Point (63) is Belgrade.
IV. Danube Naval Fleet.
50X1-HUM
90. naval vessels
which the Russians have on the Danube are, special river-
boats without keels. They are armed and were brought up by the Russians
during their advance in 19l. To the Russian ships should be added the 50X1-HUM
craft of the Rumanian Danube Fleet. the Rumanian
draft are armed. Their large guns are or ma. c er, and they have
a suitable number of anti.-ai.rdr guns.
~s n Grip IQ Bill
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 50X1-HUM
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14
91. Among the ships of the Danube fleet are the following Rumanian
vessels: LAROVARI, BRATIM, BUCOVINA, ARDEAL, and BESSABABIA.
All these have been renamed with Russian names. The LL DVARI became
the KEECH; the BSSSARABIA is now the ISMAIL: the BRATIANU is renamed
KIEV
92. I I mdse the Russians entered Rumania 1944,
n
the above gunboats needed certain repairs. The Russians dam
ed
that the Rumanian Government make these repairs during the period
from November 1944 to March 1945, and this was done.
93. since the five vessels named above were re-
fitted in the shipyards of Galata, their armament, which is
as foilowss
a. BESSARLBIA (ISMATL). This is a vessel of 1800 tons. Its
s are rated at 00 h.
and cane
t possession of the Rumanians in 191. It carries
a turret forward and another astern. Each turret carries
two 120 aa. Skoda guns, which are moved by electricity and
and can be used as anti-aircraft guns. They have a range
of 21 kma. horizontally, and Z kms. vertically (for anti-
aircraft defense). The ship carries a 37 an. anti-aircraft
gun of German manufacture on the bridge. Right behind the
smokestack towards the stern she carries two 20 mm. anti-
aircraft guns of German type. Between the 120 mm. guns of
the rear turret and the 2) mm. anti-aircraft guns mentioned
above there is a 13.2 am. machine gun of German type. when
the Rumanians had this ship the crew numbered 100 sailers,
8 officers and 10 petty officers.
The engines of the.
ship burn residual oil, and develop a aa3daum speed of
kilemeters per hour against the currrent. The length of the
ship is 60 meters, the bens is 12 meters, height of the deck
above the water line is p.70 meters, and draft is 1.40 meters.
The armor plate of the deck and sides is 7 em- s as is that
of the turrets and bridge. Below the water line the armor
plate is 1 art. thick. The powder magazines are exactly under
the turrets. The armor plate between the turrets and the
prow and stern is 34 cm. thick. The quarters of the men are
in the stern, those of the officers in the prow. The color
of the ship is gral y. The armament described above was in-
stalled in 19112.
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_i5_
d~CVISB~II
b. LAHOVAR .. (K9WH) and BRLITW4U (KIEV). These two
ships are exactly alike. They are 2000 tens displace-
ment, and have a speed of 2I kilometers per hour. They
are 61.5 act-era long, have a bean of 12 meters, and the
deck is 0.80 meters above tie water line. The armor
plate is similar to that of the ISAIATL, as is the color.
The engines develop 900 h.p. and are of.Italian maim-
facture ("TORINO"); they burn residual oil. Each ship
carries two turrets on the prow, each with one 120 mm.
Skoda gun. There is one turret on the stern with one
120 am. coda gun. Anti-Aircraft defense, crew, and
powder magazines are like those of the ISMAIL.
o. ARDEAL is a 1500 ton ship with a speed of 18 kilometers.
She is 58 meters long, has a bean of U meters, and, the
deck is 0.80 meters above the water line. Her armor
place is the same as the foregoing, and her armament is
the same as that of the LAHOVARI. Her engines of
Austrian manufacture burn coal. The only difference
between her armament and that of the LAHOVARI is that
hers was put in during 1937. The utaniana obtained the
ship in 1916.
d. The BUCOVINA is a 1500 ton ship with a speed of 21 kilo-
meters per hour. She is 57 meters long, with a bean of
11 meters, and the height of her deck above the water
line is 0.70 -- 0.80 meters. She has a draft of 1.20
meters. She has Austrian engines, and she was obtained
by the Ruicanians in 1916. Her engines burn residual oil.
Her crew is similar to that of the foregoing ships. She
carries one turret on the prow and am on the stern. Each
of these turrets carries two 120 mm. guns installed in
1937-1938. Her armor plate, armament, and anti-aircraft
defense are like those of the foregoing ships. The dif-
ference in her armament consists in the fact that on the
bridge and immediately aft on the deck she carries three
turrets for?meehine guns which are not permanently mounted.
All the above ships have two helms, one on the bridge and
the other und,ea+ the bridge within its turret. The ARDELL,
B RABL4, and B1QVINA also have a helm moved by hand,
which is located order the deck and immediately behind the
engine roam in a special ommparta@mt. The BRATIANU and,
LAHOVARI also have a hand helm, but located on the deck
imediately behind the bridge.
SLGHf~ :~ds~.
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SEW
- 16 -
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V. RUSSIM DANUM -I
wr w
94. During their advance in 1944 the Russia brought with them
a fleet of river gunboats through the Black Sea. In addition
they have the entire Rumanian river fleet, except for a very few
small craft which they allowed the Rumanians to keep. These are
four vedettes (small boats used for scouting), the submarine
RFSIN0, the cruisers MARESST and MARASSET, and one destroyer. Of
the mercantile fleet some ships were returned to the Rumanians,
but x11 needed repair and either were repaired or are now in the
shipyards of Galata. The vedettes were repaired in the spring
of 1947, while the SST, MARASSET, REKIRO and the destroyer
are undergoing repair naw.
to mercantile ships.
Mr -
the Russian a ube flee or the mcs t part
isssarabia or in the Ismail. Branch, which is forbidden
95.
ao the Russian Danube fleet the
rather large gunboat ZILZZWIKQL
96.
a out 2000 tams
displacement es no seem larger than the
Romanian gunboa s. e o y thing 1 is the
fact that she carries three gun turrets, of which two are on the
prow, each carrying one gun. The third turret located on the
stern carries two 120 me. guns.
VI. Submarines.
97? the Rumanians had only 3 submarines
on the Danube. Two of these were taken by the Russians and sent
north. The third was returned to the Rumanians and is on the
Danube River. This is based at Constansa, but until September
1947 it was in the shipyard of Galatz undergoing repair. This is
the only submarine left on the Danube.
VII. Crews.
98. The crews of the Russian fleet consist of Russians only.
Amo then there are v fern afficers.
SECRET all
10
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17 -
VIII. Dame i le Fleet.
99. The merchant fleet of the Danube consists of the former Ru-
manian, Hungarian, Bulgarian, and German ships, -which are now all
under the Russian flag. It is said that the Russians b .ught
some Russian sh ipe, but these are very few in number and are
usually to be ikfrund in the vicWty of the naval stations
(Chislicea Island, point (14) on Plan A).
of the Danube mer as ' the following ships : 50X1-HUM
DECk iAL, formerly Rumanian.; ThAUM, formerly lknanan; SARMI-
SATZETUZA (sic), formerly Rumanian; KIEV (formerly the Rumanian
passenger chip L91 IL). The first three have great speed and power
and can sail up the Danube at a speed of 14 kilometers per hour while
towing 30 loaded barges.. The KIEV until October 1916 made regular
trips to Givrgiu at km. 493; now she makes regular trips to Rend
at the 70 mile marker.
IS. Trans artation.
101. The Russians collect all kinds of material which comes from
the West (Germany, Hungary, Austria Rumania) at Galata, principally
on the south hhois of Bratess Lake (cf. Plan $), where they have
built large warehouses. From there this material is transported via
Reni to Russia.
102. Bratess Warehouses, (5) on Plan E. These were built on the
south shore of Bratess Lake, 6 kilometers north of Galatz and 22
kilometers west of Reni. The Russian railroad line parallels the
Rumanian railroad line, and the Rumanian freight cars are unloaded
directly into the Russian cars. The new railroad station "Trans-
portare", (3) on Plan E, is of the greatest importance for this
transfer. Besides the freight sheds of this railroad station, the
Hassians use the Rmanian freight sheds of the Galats railroad
station. They have requisitioned the three eastern buildings.
103. The Russians built during 1915 a now railroad line which con-
nects the Galats railroad station with the now railroad station
"Transportare". ti PI~yyfa
X. cal . S LG H G [ I! . Offsts *1
104. up to k 1947 the snian oil sent to Russia was carried
through the subterranean pipes linking Ploesti with Reni, where it
was collected in special tanks. Thence it was transported to Russia
by rail. Beginning in May 1947s however, the oil has been transported
via Constanza on tankcers. This was done, after the signing of the
Ruseeanian treaty, for two reasons: first, because the Russians
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 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00415R000800010021-8
50X1-HUM
r 18 -
were receiving and forwarding the oil without any control,
and second because the Runaniaas often dug under the pipeline,
tapped the pipes and stele the oil, thus provoking retaliation.
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 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00415R000800010021-8
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 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00415R000800010021-8
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