AL-QADHDHAFI SPEAKS ON UNITY, 'AWARENESS'

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP05-01559R000400430016-1
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 7
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: February 2, 2012
• Sequence Number: 16
• Publication Date: January 28, 1988
• Content Type: OPEN SOURCE

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FBIS-NES-88-019
29 January 1988
Egypt
Mubarak Outlines Expectations From U.S.
NC282138 Cairo MENA in Arabic 2120 GMT
28 Jan 88
[Excerpt] Washington, 28 Jan (MENA)-Following a
working lunch held in his honor by members of the U.S.
Senate Foreign Relations Committee, President Husni
Mubarak expressed his belief that the United States is
willing to help end the Middle East problem and achieve
peace in the region.
When queried on whether he had asked the U.S. Admin-
istration for more effective action in the Middle East,
President Mubarak stated: I explained the true situation
in the Arab Gulf and the Middle East to the U.S.
Administration and our friends in the Senate. We did
not ask for more intervention from the United States;
what we want is to reduce tension in the region by
achieving peace there.
Replying to a question about the reaction he expects
from the U.S. Administration to his appeal on the
[Palestinian] uprising, President Mubarak said: I believe
the United States is willing to help end this problem and
achieve peace in the region. There are many ways and
means of doing this.
Asked how the United States can help, the president
said: I believe they are full partners in the peace process
and that they will activate their role to help, as the
former administration did when the Camp David
accords were concluded and the peace treaty between
Egypt and Israel was signed. [passage omitted]
Libya
Al-Qadhdhafi Speaks on Unity, `Awareness'
LD290130 Tripoli Television Service in Arabic
2030 GMT 28 Jan 88
[Address by leader Mu`ammar al-Qadhdhafi to students
of secondary education and teacher training institutions
from around the country; date and place not given-
videorecorded]
[Excerpts] After the revolution, it is especially important
that you understand, and that you make those you teach
understand: What we are saying is nothing new to culture
or general knowledge; what we are saying is necessary,
and without it there would be a great failing in our
behavior and concepts. There then would be an imbal-
ance in our position.
The time in which we live is a difficult one, with difficult
conditions; it is a bad stage. This is not the first time that
this region has gone through difficult conditions. But this
time it is in this era that this stumbling occurs. In times
past, Arabs had periods of weakness and division, and
0
even outside invasion, but they overcame these condi-
tions. However, the seriousness of our current situation
is that it comes in this era, with its swiftness and its
amazing changes in all fields. This is the seriousness of
the situation. The nations around us have united.
What the Arabs are now living through was experienced
long ago by others. But we were delayed until now, and
we did not enter the stage they entered 400 years ago. For
instance, Italy, as a state opposite our shores, consisted
of kingdoms, republics, provinces, and ministates
belonging to a number of surrounding countries: once to
Spain, then to France. Similar to our situation now. But
through grand efforts and civil war in the days of
Garibaldi, of whom you hear, they united their nation,
and Italy is now a united state with medium status. It
was like the Arab nation. Germany consisted of states,
then was united until World War II, when it was divided
into two parts after they defeated it.
The USSR did not exist, and now it has become this big
area. China has become such a force, with one-quarter of
the world's population. As for India, interactions led to
the creation of Pakistan and India in 1947. What is
important is all these interactions, which have led to the
emergence of the nationalities and their triumph, and the
unification of every nationality. We, the Arabs, are late.
We still have not entered this stage today, the stage of
pan-Arab unity. We should now be one state, facing
problems. It could be weak, it could be poor, and it could
be subjected to an invasion; it is all right. This is another
stage after unity. After unity we face them.
But our problem now is that we are confronting unity; we
have not achieved unity; we have not achieved Arab
unity. An Israeli invasion, a U.S. invasion, etc.; we face
these problems, yet we have not achieved unity. Other
problems are internal reaction, kingdoms, sultanates,
uncrowned kings, crowned kings, exploitation, one citi-
zen exploiting another, employers, contractors, rich peo-
ple, poor people, middlemen, usurers, all these are
exhausting the effort of the Arab, and consequently
weaken him. [passage omitted reiterating fact that Arabs
are not united in facing all these problems]
The problem before you, which you are teaching your
sons, is that we have entered the stage of social revolu-
tion. The world entered the stage of social revolution
before the achievement of pan-Arab unity in relation to
the Arab nation. [passage omitted on the history of
liberation from colonialism]
The third stage is the stage of social revolution. After we
are freed from colonialism and become united, conflict
begins among us internally, between workers and
employers, between exploiters and exploited, and
between the people and those controlling them, until
equality is achieved within the one country. The sons of
the same country have the right to live equally. When we
say authority, wealth, and weapons are in the hands of
the people, this means that the wealth of the country is
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divided among the population of the country. This is
correct. It is unreasonable to have someone who has a big
share and another who has a small share. I mean, we
cannot originally divide it this way, and say that you are
an employer, and exploit this group in order to be rich,
and this group is from the people of the same country but
we do not give them the right to be employers; you are an
employer, and you remain workers serving him, work 10
hours and give him 5 and take 5 for yourselves. This is
exploitation. One person begins as a rich man, and
another begins as a poor man. One person has 10 houses;
he lives in I and rents 9, while someone else has no house
at all. He looks for a house and rents this house from a
citizen like him from the same country. Who has the
right to live in a house and make you rent a house from
him? You are now [words indistinct] to let a house to
you. Who is he, to be more than you are? This is yours.
House renting is no more. Houses are for their occu-
pants. [passage omitted discussing that everyone should
have the same access to the wealth of the nation]
When we say authority, this also means equality in
authority. No citizen has the right to make a decision
which concerns the rest of the citizens. How can one
person be the government, and the rest governed? This
should be abolished, and we all should be equal in
adopting decisions. This is a people's congress, that is a
people's congress, and there is a people's congress. They
are all equal in discussing the agenda and issuing reso-
lutions about it. The same applies for weapons. Who
defends on our behalf? We all should defend our exist-
ence. The stage of social revolution is the stage in which
citizens should be equal. [passage omitted discussing fact
that the world is now in this stage of social revolution]
Unfortunately, the world entered this stage, and we
Arabs entered it, but we missed the first stage, which is
national revolution; that is, national unity. The Arab
nation is supposed to be one state. We then enter into
internal conflict among ourselves, between workers and
employers, the people and the government, until we
achieve internal victory and achieve equality, and the
social revolution becomes victorious. But we are now
facing the social revolution with differences between
Arab citizens. You can see Arab citizens everywhere:
One is rich and another is poor; one is a begger and the
other drives a big car and owns a palace; one has a large
farm and other citizens are workers in this farm. They
are from the same country. It is their land, and they
should divide it inch by inch.
This social revolution, which we entered-and the whole
world entered and we are with it-we entered while still
not united. We entered two stages. We want to unite the
Arabs in one state, and we want to achieve equality
among the Arabs internally. We are facing an external
aggression, a Zionist expansion supported by external
imperialist powers. [passage omitted elaborating on this
fight for social revolution and Arab unity and against
imperialism]
?
Without political consciousness, as I told your brothers
last time, you can learn and then go to serve the United
States. You think this is not a war against your nation,
while in fact you fight your nation when you learn and go
to the United States, learn and go to Canada, learn and
stay in Britain. It means you have joined the enemy
ranks and now fight your nation. You think that you
fight with a machinegun and rifle? Fighting; when you
sweep streets in Britain it means you are providing a
service to the enemy, and this is fighting. [passage
omitted on how the enemy is served by opening a shop in
another country]
Create a farm in Libya; set up a workshop in Libya;
sweep the street. You said no, I am sweeping;the streets
in Canada; I am not against you. You are against us,
because you. are cleaning their streets, so they remain
healthy and devote themselves to fighting us. [passage
omitted on a similar example about serving tea and.
coffee to the enemy]
Why don't the Americans come and serve us? When
Reagan asked for every American who goes to Libya to,
be put on trial, how many Americans are now in prison
because they came to Libya and worked here? The oil
companies, they said leave. Why? Because they are
providing us with a service. Are they in the Libyan
Army? No, they are not in the Libyan Army. But they
said Libya is our enemy and you are in it, this means you
are serving the Libyans, serving our enemy, and the one
who serves our enemy we consider him a soldier who has
deserted with his weapon and gone to the other side, and
he should be put on trial. And now he is trying the
Americans on this basis. Any company. that comes to
Libya, he tries it. Any American who comes to Libya, he
tries him, because he says to him: If you go to Libya,
even as a tourist, it means you are paying money to the
Libyans, thus assisting them, our enemies. A tourist,
imagine! An American tourist visiting Libya is consid-
ered a deserter from the U.S. Army who joined the
Libyan Army. And the emergency law grants Reagan the
power to try Americans, ban them, and issue orders
against Libya. [passage omitted repeating this theme]
This you should understand, and I am certain that if all
these people have to take an exam, they will not know
this story. [chanting] [passage omitted on the need to
study and keep abreast of knowledge]
The one without political consciousness is like an ani-
mal. If the money is in the United States, he goes to the
United States. If the money is in Canada, he goes to
Canada. Third World countries suffer a loss; they taught
their sons and lost. The one who was taught was tempted
by Europe, tempted by the United States, and settled
there. Instead of returning to his country and making it
like the United States, like Europe, he settled among the
Americans, the Europeans, in the West. [passage omitted
on an'African doctor who settled in Europe instead of
coming home]
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If all the scientists who were taught in the Arab home-
land and in the Third World were now present in this
homeland, it would be as advanced as Europe. Thou-
sands of Arab, African and Asian scientists are in the
West. We taught them without any political awareness.
They learned science, then they were tempted by these
European countries and they stayed there. But you
should make your country as advanced as them. This is
the battle. [passage omitted stressing idea that the people
are backward because their enemies kept them back-
ward]
They want to deceive you, tempt you, and make you
remain there. You should deceive them. There are some
people who did not deceive you, but you chose to stay
with them. Do you think that the United States respects
its agents? The United States despises him. It might
laugh in his face and pretend to glorify him, like what
they did with Al-Sadat, hero of peace; it gave him a
Nobel prize; it deceived him like a child. He was a
laughingstock. It knew he was a traitor and that he had
no conscience. It deceived him by the peace process, yet
it knew it was not a peace process, but a destruction
process for the Arab nation, an annihilation process,
slaughtering Palestinians, Syrians, Lebanese and Liby-
ans. [passage omitted recalling how the allies in World
War I deceived the Arabs and then occupied the Arab
countries]
The Husayn-McMahon correspondence is known in his-
tory. An Englishman called McMahon. See how the
United States exaggerated in deceiving him; it said your
land is sacred, only Muslims could go in, it cannot go in.
Now the United States is desecrating the Arab Peninsula
and Mecca [words indistinct] and fly over it with its
aircraft, walk all over it. Bars and nightclubs are in
Mecca, not only in the Arab Peninsula, Mecca itself, the
city of Mecca. Perhaps not inside the Grand Mosque, but
once you leave the Grand Mosque, the nearby shops in
Mecca and the buildings are all bars, brokers, robbers,
usurers and all bad things. The foreigners are there;
Americans are everywhere in that peninsula.
In the days of (McMahon) it said we cannot enter this
land, it is sacred, we will negotiate with you in the sea.
They came in a ship, they deceived him. Then they took
it all. [passage omitted on how British deceived the
Arabs in World War 1]
They fight us because we are not agents. They consider
us another stubborn opponent which should be
destroyed. They did not say to us: Excellencies. They did
not give us the Nobel prize. They gave us laser bombs.
And how many tons have they dropped on us because
they have no means of reaching an understanding with
us? The Americans say they want to occupy this home-
land, and then they say no. There is no way other than
their crushing. Even when they are dropping bombs on
us they consider us opponents, not agents. But they
became friendly with Al-Sadat; therefore, they consider
him despicable, their agent, but they consider us free
ARAB AFRICA
men. The free men of this country should be destroyed.
And the agents of this country should be assisted. They
call them agents, slaves; this country is ours. As to the
free men of this country, they should be eliminated.
People want to be free. This is enough for us. [passage
omitted]
This is the task facing you. As you have heard me address
your brothers over the radio, I told you not to rely on
anyone, and this is the prevailing feeling now-reliance.
We rely on others as though these serious tasks are the
tasks of others. No, it is your task. Tomorrow you remain
on your own, together with your children, without your
kinfolk or grandfathers, and you come face to face with
the United States, with the Israelis, with reactionaries.
This is the task before you, a serious one, and you should
prepare for it; you sould study and learn for it, because
without it you cannot live. You can say: I study, but what
have I to do with this state? It comes to you at school,
while you eat, during your sleep, in your courtyard. If
there is aggression, it poses danger to your life. If there is
exploitation, you will be the one exploited. [passage
omitted]
Do not say I am not in the revolutionary committee; I
am interested in my studies. What is the revolutionary
committee? The revolutionary committee says.that you
should prepare the instrument for the achievement of
equality, the elimination of exploitation. All Libyans
should have equal homes, equal farms, equal status. The
United States should not take our land, the Israelis
should leave our land. What does the revolutionary
committee say? It says talk like this. Then you come and
say: I am not related to these issues? If so, who are you?
Even if there is a tied donkey in Libya, this issue
concerns him, because U.S. bombs fall on it. [passage
omitted]
The revolutionary committee mobilizes all capabilities.
It tells you there is an enemy, there is a battle. You
should not allow one to occupy and colonize your
country, humiliate you and take your home, your farm
and your share of the wealth. You should be free. Libya
belongs to you all, Libyans. What once existed was
injustice. It is unfair for one to own apartment buildings
and rent them to you. [passage omitted]
Our land is our destiny, how could we leave it with a
traitor? They had given him the money for it. Where is
he now, living with this money? We can see he is still
alive and rich with his sons, living by the money of our
land. And you now have to pay with your necks. All
right, if you and your families were to be asked about the
borders and what has happened to them, you would say:
What about the borders? They belong to the government.
It is your land, and ultimately you would have to pay for
it. [passage omitted on other examples of those shying
away from political involvement ultimately paying the
price]
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These matters concern you, and you must understand
and teach your sons when you become teachers.
I have told you that Arab nationalism is weak in this area
because it did not achieve national unity, and for this
reason strange things have happened. For instance, the
Iranian revolution now claims that it will liberate the
Arab homeland and Palestine. What does this mean? It
means Arabs are weak. [chants] They claim they are
liberating Palestine. and the Arab homeland, which
means the Arabs are weak and incapable of liberating
Palestine. Religious movements appear in the Arab
homeland claiming that Arab nationalism has failed and
that a religious movement should replace it. This indeed
indicates the weakness of Arab nationalism.
If the movements from within and from without come
forward, then while this does not mean they will succeed,
it does show that the basic force has weakened; Arab
nationalism has weakened. There is no such thing as a
nation coming to defend another nation. But we believe
the Persian nation is our sister nation; they are our
brothers; they are welcome. We are on their side against
the United States, and they are on our side against
Zionism. But it is not possible for it to liberate the Arab
nation. The Arab nation will liberate itself, or it will be
ransomed and, become a hostage to others. When the
Turks came and said the Arabs are weak and we should
liberate them from Western Christian colonization, what
did they become? They took the Arab homeland. We
became hostages with them. They did indeed fight those
like Sulayman Pasha and others you hear about. And
with all the battles they fought throughout the Arab
homeland from east to west against the West, the ulti-
mate result was that the Turks took the Arab countries
for as long as they were unable to defend themselves.
There comes Sulayman Pasha to defend Libya, but he
stays to be a wali [governor] on it. It is all very well for
the Iranian revolutionaries to come to defend the Arab
homeland, but they would rule it. This is what it means.
If the nation was unable to defend itself, those defending
it would take control of its land. Do you understand?
This is what would happen.
Next we might find some of you tomorrow or the day
after tomorrow duped and saying he has joined the
Muslim Brotherhood or the Islamic Liberation Party.
Now who works for the United States? The Muslim
Brotherhood. Now when you say you are a member of
the Brotherhood, it means you are a U.S. agent because
the Muslim Brotherhood opposes Arab unity, Arab
nationalism, socialism, liberation, and even women,
whom they want to wrap up in 100 veils and keep at
home like apiece of furniture for the men. [chants] They
assume a few pieces of cloth will protect her. This will
not protect her, but her strong will-that is what will
protect her. [chants]
What protects women is their will and arms; their
handguns and rifles, knowledge, and strength of person-
ality; their morale-a piece of cloth will not protect her
honor. It can be torn to shreds. If we think like this, we
are ignorant and understand nothing. Protection comes
from within, not from without. Let a woman dress in
sports shorts but have a strong will; can anyone have a
second thought about her? And let another one with a
weak will be covered with clothes; what use will this
cloth have?
This is revolutionary thinking, not reactionary and
superficial thoughts. Everything is just appearance. Even
independence is just appearance: just to have a flag, an
anthem, and a name for the kingdom or the republic. Is
that all the country becomes with independence? Has it
became independent when we have a flag, while inside
we have foreign forces, exploitation, foreign bases, for-
eign exploitation, and complete foreign control without
any freedom or free will? We just give appearances
having a flag raised in the morning and lowered in the
evening with some music. Does this mean the country is
independent if it has a king or a president, Mr so-and-so?
Everything, even the veil, is just an image.
The veil is not a material one, but a moral one. The
strength is the veil. Does not the word veil mean protec-
tion? To veil something from another-this means pro-
tection. Therefore, strength is what protects you. Mate-
rial and moral strength are the protection. This is the
veil. Do you understand? You should understand these
things, and not only read things like X, 1, Y, and other
theories. Materials without political awareness will lead
to nothing. Also, not to learn modern science and keep
chanting all the time, will not do. [passage omitted on
necessity of cultivating political awareness]
If you do not understand that the Muslim Brotherhood is
a donkey which America rides today in the Arab home-
land, then you do not understand anything. The Muslim
Brotherhood does not exist in other Islamic countries. It
only exists in Arab countries. Why? To destroy pan-
Arabism and the Arab nation. Go to other countries; you
will not find the Muslim Brotherhood. The Muslim
Brotherhood is specially planted from abroad in the
Arab homeland. Members of the Muslim Brotherhood
are now too inhibited to say: We are members of the
Muslim Brotherhood. They lie and falsify their names,
they falsify their papers. They do not say Muslim Broth-
erhood any more because the appellation Muslim Broth-
erhood means agents of America, dirt, right wing, and
reaction; it means a silly beard and ignorance. That is it;
they are exposed. For decades the Muslim Brothers have
been exposed. They are the worst of God's enemies.
They are agents, ignorant, silly, and they are the scum of
the Arab society. They are the ones who harm Islam.
Now they are ashamed to say Muslim Brothers. They
now conceal all their papers and get new papers which do
not say Muslim Brothers. They say followers of Islam,
vanguard of Islam, Islamic movement, fundamentalists,
but these are all coverups. The term Muslim Brothers
means the worst of God's enemies.
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If tomorrow a Muslim Brother comes to you and dupes
you, this would be exactly similar to when McMahon
duped Sharif Husayn, and the Americans and Israelis
duped Al-Sadat and the king of Morocco. They said to
him: Bring Peres to visit Morocco, and we will give you
aid. Prove that you are our friend; the proof is to defy all
the Arabs and bring the chief of Israeli Jews to visit your
country. They duped him. They have not given him
anything until now. He weeps and begs them; did you not
say that you would give me aid? What can we give you?
We have [word indistinct]. We want you as an agent, and'
we want the Israelis to complete their absorption, and,
not to seem to be enemies of the Arabs, and to control
this region and serve the interests of America. This is an
advanced basis for the West and for America. We want it
to spread and continue. This is similar.to those who
restored their relations with Egypt-the same thing:
indirect recognition of the Israelis. This 'is. American
policy.
If someone comes to you and tries to dupe you in the
name of Islam, and you are praying, you pray: But leave
me alone. It is good to pray. If you pray, they come to
you. If they see that you are a sinner, and you know your
sins and feel that you are deviating, then they come to
you and say: We can get you forgiveness; come with us.
This is very strange-people or a party that can get
forgiveness of sins. This way we do not need God, and
we do not want him anymore. The leaders of the Muslim
Brothers [words indistinct] America; they can forgive
sins. You used to take drugs, get drunk, and not pray,'
and you want forgiveness for your sins. All right, come
with us, come with us against revolution, against social-
ism, against Arab unity, and against the Soviet Union.
Do these things get forgiveness for sins on doomsday?
This is very good! This is a new dossier, new religion, of
which we have never heard. Come against Arab unity
and pan-Arabism, and we will forgive your sins. But God
did not say that. The true religion did not say that. The
true religion did not say go against these things, and we
will forgive your sins.
This is all due to the lack of awareness. You will.be lost
and weep in prison when they catch you. We say. aware-
ness. We will say to you: You joined a group which
serves America, and it is called Muslim Brotherhood;
they are agents of America. Then you will weep in prison
because you have no awareness. Theories will not help
you in place of awareness. Get all the knowledge on earth:
and heaven, but without political awareness you will be
weeping. They will tell you: You have joined a group.
Then you will say: A group [words indistinct] and agents
of the CIA, and I joined them because I was a fool. This
is because when we tell you to read politics, join the
revolutionary committee, and attend the political revo-
lutionary lectures, you say: No, no, leave me alone to
study. Leaving you alone led you to be involved in
something you do not understand.
Then we see the Islamic Liberation Party. By God, this is
a tempting name: a liberation party and also Islamic.
Great. Who created it? It was created by the British and
Israeli intelligence services in 1948 when all the Arabs
went to the Palestine war and cried: Jihad, jihad [words
indistinct]. The British, specifically the British intelli-
gence service and the Israeli intelligence service, brought
someone called (?Nabahani) and said to him: Look, you
are a shakyh and have a long beard. Here is money. Stay
with us; leave the jihad movement which erupted in.
Palestine among the Arabs against the Jews. Catch them
for us.
They said to him: Okay, start a party called the Libera-.
tion Party, and whoever wants to liberate Palestine can
join the party. When they join the party, close the doors
and lock them in. How did he lock them in? He issued a
call saying that anyone who wanted to liberate Palestine
and join the jihad should come here and join the Islamic
Liberation Party.and that any jihad outside the Islamic
Liberation Party was unacceptable. The poor naive peo-
ple believed him. They saw a shaykh with a long beard
which he colored with henna, a shaykh with prayer beads
of very, large stones., They were simple people who
thought he was close to God. This is because they had no
political awareness. He duped them and brought them
into the Liberation Party.
Those who fought and were full of enthusiasm joined the
Liberation Party. After they joined, he issued another
call saying the door is closed for jihad. When will it be
open? It; will be open when all Muslims unite and have a
caliphate; only: then will the door. of jihad be open
because the caliphate is the one which orders jihad. Do
not go to Palestine. Where is the caliphate which gave
you permission? Palestine is occupied,by Jews. He said:
No, do not. go until you have the permission of the
caliphate. Where is the caliphate? Not until you unite
[words indistinct].
Unfortunately, until today, this thinking, this ridiculous
thing, still continues in the name of the Islamic Libera-
tion Party, and it recruits people. Its leaders are in
Jordan and Kuwait. They recruit youth and dupe them
with the fallacy that a caliphate regime should be estab-
lished. We have just rid ourselves of the harms of a
caliphate regime,. its voice, prisons, and sword. Now we
are expected to return again to the Dark Ages and the age
of the caliphate? In the name of the caliphate the Turks
occupied us for 600 years. In the name of the caliphate
they slaughtered us. In the name of the caliphate we
could not open our mouths.
The caliphate regime is a heresy. Who brought it? Did
God say, create a caliphate? Does the Koran contain
anything about the existence of 'a caliphate after the
prophet, or about Muslims being governed by a cali-
phate?
The prophet himself was not a ruler. He was not inter-
ested in world issues. Have any government as long as
you say there is only one God. They made the prophet a
ruler. They made him into a king, a prince, prince of the
faithful. This is wrong. Even Omar Ibn al-Khattab, [not
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further identified] whom they call prince of the faithful
[words indistinct] because in Persian there were princes.
When they came to Omar Ibn al-Khattab, they said:
Peace be upon you, Prince of the faithful. He said: Where
did you get this term? They said: It applies to you
because the ruler should be a prince, and since you are a
prince and your people are faithful, you are therefore
prince of the faithful. They liked it, at that time they
liked it. They said: The term prince of the faithful is
good. [passage omitted on the term prince of the faithful
as a heresy created by the Persians before Iran became a
Muslim country]
A caliph is someone with whom you cannot argue. If a
caliph does something wrong, you would not be able to
tell him this is wrong because he is a caliph. This means
that religion and politics are tied together. This is the
most dangerous thing, if the ruler has a religious charac-
teristic. That is it; you have to obey him. If he says that
his daughter will become your queen, then you would not
be able to tell him no. He is a ruler, God's messenger,
and the caliph of God's messenger. He is the caliphate,
and he is from God and God's shadow on earth. How
can you disobey him? You cannot.
He says to you: This idiot son of mine will become your
king. He drools, but he will be your king. This is my wish.
I am sacred. I am the ruler. I am the caliph of God's
messenger and God's shadow on earth. With a sword I
will strike off the head of anyone who says no. During
the days of the caliphates, people's heads were cut off.
During the last of these days a Turk claimed to be a
caliph. The Turkish ruler declared himself caliph. Why?
To rule the-Arab countries because the Arab countries
cannot be ruled unless he tells them: I am the one who
follows the one following the one who follows God's
messenger. That is right. He duped us, and for 600 years
we were ruled by Turkish regime in the name of this
caliphate regime.
Now comes the Islamic Liberation Party, this rotten
reactionary party, and it tries to take us back to the
caliphate days. We are now in the era of the masses. We
do not even accept a president. [passage omitted on
concepts of the caliphate, kingdoms, or republics being
outdated]
This awareness is necessary. You must write down and
keep this speech in your pockets to read. It should be
distributed to you in the form of a booklet, for you to sit
and examine. Without political awareness, your future
will be lost. This does not concern me or my grandfather;
it concerns you, your sons, and their sons. You must
understand it. It was good of me to take the trouble to
come here to tell you this because it concerns your
future. And as I told your brothers yesterday, everything
now being done is for your sake. [passage omitted on
significance of various industrial projects being built]
1P
This awareness is necessary. Political parties might
deceive you. A party might approach you in a certain
name. Well, where were you, this party, in 1948 and in
1956 and in 1982 when the Israelis swept over Lebanon?
Where were you in 1967 and during all the setbacks and
defeats? Where were you? It is only that someone wants
to be leader of the people, and that is all. You have seen
them in the Arab countries, various parties, and yet what
was the result? Only for someone to lead the people.
You have seen the Muslim Brotherhood. We caught
them in Libya. From where did they come? They came
from America. Who was their leader? An American
intelligence officer was the leader of the Libyan Muslim
Brotherhood. What was their fate? Without regrets we
slaughtered them like sheep and goats. We let the elderly
women and other people trample them under their feet
and spit on them in the street. This was their fate. Let the
American from intelligence inflate you. What bothers
the American? If you succeed, you accomplish his objec-
tive or you die yourselves. You let someone laugh at you!
Listen, religion is not by beard, or clothes, or appear-
ance, or veil, or headwear. Religion is a faith from
within, and no one can teach you religion; only the
Koran. There is no religion outside the Koran. Anything
outside the Koran-throw it away without fear of Allah
judging you on it. [passage omitted on the interpretation
of the Koran]
Read the Koran and fast and pray. This is enough. You
do the things mentioned in the Koran and that is all.
[passage omitted on equality between men and women]
Mauritanian Minister Arrives For Visit 27 Jan
LD281359 Rabat MAP in English 1200 GMT
28 Jan 88
[Text] Casablanca, 28 January (MAP)-Mauritanian
Minister of Equipment Hamoud Ould Ely arrived here
Wednesday on a visit to Morocco.
The Mauritanian official is bearing a message from
President Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya to King
Hassan II.
Delivers Message to King
LD282126 Rabat Domestic Service in Arabic
2000 GMT 28 Jan 88
[Text] The royal activities today were distinguished by
an audience which His Majesty King Hassan 11 had with
Hamoud Ould Ely, Mauritanian minister of Equipment
and acting foreign minister, who made a statement to the
radio.
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The Mauritanian minister expressed happiness with this
meeting, which had enabled him to present the monarch
with a message of friendship and fraternity from Presi-
dent Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya.
Sudan
AI-Mahdi Comments on Ties With Egypt, Ethiopia
PM291523 London AL-MAJALLAH in Arabic
27 Jan 88 pp 16-17
[Interview with Prime Minister al-Sadiq a]-Mahdi by
Talhah Jibril in Khartoum; date not given]
[Text] [Jibril] Has the investigation into the assassina-
tion of [Iraqi opposition figure] Mahdi Muhsin al-Hakim
revealed anything?
[Al-Mahdi] The investigation is being conducted in
complete secrecy. We will not announce anything until it
is over. However, it is certain that the operation was the
work of an Arab. No Sudanese were involved.
[Jibril] Don't you think the operation has had a negative
impact on the security situation in Sudan? After all, it
occurred in a place that was supposed to get special
security attention and at the time of an Arab ministerial
conference in Khartoum.
[Al-Mahdi] Assassinations can occur anywhere at any
time, even in such great capitals as London and Paris.
What we will do in light of the investigations is close all
the gaps that made that incident possible. Sudan con-
demns acts of violence and terrorism from any source,
and does not permit them, for they bear no relationship
to our traditions.
[Jibril] If the investigations reveal that an Arab state was
involved in the assassination, what would Sudan's atti-
tude be?
[Al-Mahdi] We will cross that bridge when we come to it,
but let me say that we do not make policy on the basis of
assumptions. We will protect Sudan's security against
acts of violence, and against anyone who tampers with
rights and the law. We will do whatever we must to
accomplish this, and to the fullest possible extent.
[Jibril] I see that an Egyptian delegation, including some
military personnel, visited Sudan recently. Despite that,
there is no mention of Egypt whenever references are
made to states that have given aid to Sudan.
[Al-Mahdi] In my speech at the Constituent Assembly
(parliament) I clarified and listed those states that have
offered aid, and I gave the amount of such aid. I listed
these states in order of the significance of their assis-
tance. There is no need to add anything regarding a
matter which I fully explained in my Constituent Assem-
bly speech.
[Jibril] The purpose of the question was to seek clarifi-
cation and explanation.
[Al-Mahdi] Perhaps you want me to comment on the
matter, but I do not want to do so. I have given the facts
about the states that have given aid to Sudan in the order
I mentioned them.
[Jibril] As for Egyptian-Sudanese relations, some say
that Cairo is confused about Sudan's foreign policy,
particularly its policy toward Egypt. Do you have any
comment?
[Al-Mahdi] I see no reason for confusion. Under
Numayri, Sudan followed a policy of alignment and
blocs. After the uprising, Sudan's policy became one of
nonalignment and no blocs. There is nothing ambiguous
about that. Regarding our ties with Egypt, a basic meet-
ing was held at the start of last year during which we
concluded what we called a brotherhood agreement.
That accord set forth the basis and horizons of cooper-
ation between the two countries. It was also agreed that
the prime ministers of the two countries would meet to
work out the details of a brotherhood program in various
fields; that will happen. I see no reason for confusion.
Sudan's foreign policy regarding the entire world is very
clear. What part of it is not?
[Jibril] The Egyptians may have made some observa-
tions about Sudanese-Libyan relations.
[Al-Mahdi] Sudan's relations with all states are deter-
mined in accordance with Sudan's interests. This is our
declared and clear policy. If anyone has an opinion about
that, they are entitled to it, but there is nothing vague
about Sudan's position.
[Jibril] But do you not believe that close ties with Libya
would have a negative impact on Egyptian-Sudanese
relations?
[Al-Mahdi] They should not have a negative impact, as
Sudan decides its own policy and expects others to
respect it.
[Jibril] In the same vein, concerning Sudan's position on
the Gulf war-despite your support for Security Council
Resolution 598-some people feel Sudan's stand is pos-
itive [as published] and may lean more toward Iran's
viewpoint. What is your answer to that?
[Al-Mahdi] Does Iran support Resolution 598?
[Jibril] I do not believe so.
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