ARTILLERY COLLECTION: THE QUESTION OF FIRE CONTROL OF MISSILE ARTILLERY

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP10-00105R000403050001-4
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 12
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: September 24, 2012
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: December 21, 1961
• Content Type: MEMO

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CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY 50X1 -HUM
WASHINGTON 23, I:3.C. ?
2 1 DEC 1961
MEMORANDUM FOR: The Director, Defense Intelligence Agency
SUBJECT : ARTILLERY COLLECTION: "The Question of Fire
Contml of Missile Artillery"
1. Enclosd is a verbatim translation of an article which
appeared in a Soviet Ministry of Defense TOP SECRET publication
called Information Collection of the Artillery (Informatsionnyy
Sbornik Artillerfi).
2. In the interests of protecting our source, this material
should be handled on a need-to-know basis within your office.
Requests for extra copies of this report or for utilization of
any part of this document in any other form should be addressed
to the originating office.
FOR THE DEPUTY DIRECTOR, PLANS:
Enclosure
RICHARD HELM
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OriFinal: The Director, Defense Intelligence Agency
cc: Military Assistant to the President
Special Assistant to the President for
National Security Affairs
Director for Intelligence
The Joint Staff
Assistant Chief of Staff, Intelligence
Headquarters, U. S. Air Force
Assistant Chief of Staff for Intelligence
Departmert of the Army
Director of Naval Intelligence
Department of the Navy
Director, National Security Agency
The Director of Intelligence and Research
Department of State
Director, Division of Intelligence
Atomic Energy Commission
Chairman, Guided Missiles and Astronautics
Intelligence Committee
Deputy Director for Intelligence
Assistant Director for National Estimates
Assistant Director for Current Intelligence
Assistant Director for Research and Reports
Assistant Director for Scientific Intelligence
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LusT.ritutIon:
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JCS
Air
Army
Navy
NSA
State
AEC
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DDT
AD/NE
AD/CI
AD/RR
AD/SI
DCI
DDCI
DDP
COP-DD/p -
CFI
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SR/RP
?1 December 1961
- Copies #a and 2
- Copy #3
- Copy #4
- Copies #5 and 6
- Copies #7, 8, 9, 10, and 11
- Copies #12, 13, 14, 15, 16,
Copy #18
Copy 419
Copies #20 and 21
Copy #22
Copy #23
Copy #24
Copy #25
Copy #26
Copies #27 and 28
Copy 429
Copy #30
Copy #31
Copy 4132
Copy #33
Copy #34
Copy #35
Copies #36: 37, 38, 39,
46, 47, 48, 49,
!nia
and. 17
4o, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45,
and 50
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SUBJECT
DAM CIP WO
APPRAISAL OF
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MILL= COLLICTION: "The Question of Fire Control
of Missile Artillery"
1958
Docmentary
A reliable scarce (B)
Following is a verbatim translation of an article entitled "The
Question of Fire Control at Issi1e ArtilUal which appeared in
lseue 10. h6, 1958 of the Soviet military pdblication Information
Collection of the Artilleraformatai SbarnikAild3laril). This
pMblication is class t18ovi.t. and cmiganates
vita the Artillery isadquerters of the Ministry of Defense. Awarding
to its preface, it is designed for gpmerals and officers !ran Commander
of artillery of a corps, commanding officer at an artillery division
(commanding officer of an engineer balgode), and higher.
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The question of Fire Control
of Missile ArtillerL
The employment of missile artillery in *modern operation ensures
the destruction of the enemy in the entire depth of his operational
formation and, just as in the employment of atomic and heavy rocket
artillery ,it depends largely on its skilful use in an operatics, an
the preparation for firing, and on fire control.
The control of fire of missile artillery includes the carrying
out of the followleg measures: the determination of the position and
nature of targets the planning of fire, the orgemisation of communicw.
tions, the assign;ent of fire missions, geodetic and meteorological
preparation technical preparation for firing, the siting (opredeleniye)
of launcher: for firing, the organization of adjustmeat and the
checking of the results of firing, and a =Ober of other things.
In this article, from the large number of praline of fire
control enumerated, recommendatioes are examined as &matter of dis-
&Vision concerning the assignment of fire missions to missiles artillery
and the organisation of adjustment and Checking of the results of firing.
Missile artillery is used for destroying important end large
objectives in the enemy's tactical and operational depth which have
a strong antiaircraft defense (PWO) system and whacker* out of the
ranee of fire of conventional and heavy rocket artillery. Por
delivering mess strikes against especially important Objectives
missile ectillery can be used imdepemdently or ccibined with bmiber
aircraft and otherness. of destruction.
Wending on the nature of the target (Objective) and firing
conditions, missile artillery can carry out the following fire misertakes
- the of personnel and combat equipment;
- the neutralisation of personnel and combat equipmmet;
- the destruction of military and military-imenstrial objectives;
- inrassment of troop., hindering them fras censtroetiiigesfemsive
works, and also stopping work in military mad militurdnaustrial
installations.
Destruction ami demolition missians, as ? rule, are peritonea by missiles
with a special charge.
Seutralisation and harassment of persomull and colibeet are the main
missteps vhen firing missiles with conventional Charges.
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Depending on the nature of the target and the fire mission,
missile artillery can deliver fire by missiles with conventional
charges, with all batteries involved simultaneously or with a short
time interval; methodical fire, in which an alloted number of
missiles are launched in a given time (intervals of time between
launchings of missiles must be irregular and may raoge from several
teas of minutes to several hours); and also fire coibining these
types of fire.
The call for previously prepared fire, is carried out lnr the
artillery commander in accordance with previously omen order,. In
calling for fire, brief, previouelyagre6dupon commends are neeessary,
comprehenoible both to the sender and to the receiver. An eXemsle of
this may be the command tranmaitted-by technical memos at eommunisation:
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- the coordinaces of the point (points) of am or coordinates
of the target (the center of the area or of the sector of
fire), the height of the target and expenditure of missiles;
- the time of opening fire (the time of readiness);
- duration of delivery of fire.
Such an assignment of missions may also be given by sending a special
enciphered order by technical means of communication.
Missile artillery fire is called for much more simply and
quickly by brief commends worked out previously.
It is advisable to provide for the assignment of fire missicas
during the course of the operation according to three alternatives:
1. It is intended to deliver fire by all brigades
(battalions batteries) on one aiming point.
2. It is intended to deliver fire by brigades (battalions,
'batteries) on several points of aim, but at the
headquarters of the brigades and battalions there
are no aerial photographs, large-scale naps of the
target area, Or descriptions of the target.
1111 3. It is intended to deliver fire by brigades (battalicas,
batteries) on several points of aim, end at the
headquarters of the brigades (battalions) there
are aerial photographs or large-scale maps and
descriptions of the target.
llamples of commands are given below for the assignment of missime
to missile artillery by the *amender (by the headquarters) of
artillery.
When calling for fire of brigades (battalions), the group *all-
siga of the artillery of the front for missile artillery and
prearranged code mimeo (consign) of brigades (battalions) calIld
an to deliver fire, are given in the commend. With a simultaneous
assignment of fire missions to several brigades (battalions),
commends relating to qudividual fire mite are given,as arias,
after giving the gemeral part of the commend, indicadhy the call-
sign of the fire it to whom this part of the commdreers.
The nature of the target is indicated by the words: *COMCNINTWATIOW
0, MOW, ?Aninallar, ?RAMAT AUCTION', etc. Coordinates and
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height of target are transmitted immediately on their determination,
so that the sequence of commends being riven nay not be continuous.
When transmitting dimensions of the target the words trout" and "d.eptb"
are not given, for example: "3000 by 200(1' (3000 m - front and
2000 depth of target).
The number of battalions (batteries) called on to deliver fire
are given in the calmand by a umber following the call-sign; for
examrple: "Der - BY THIES, "MLA" - It/ TWO. In the eventLof a
call for fire by all battalions of the brigade (batteries in a
battalion), the lumber of subunits called on need not \be given.
The expenditure of missiles is allotted for each brigade
(battalion) and also the type of missile is indicated by a special
prearrenged cipher.
For opening fire the commend 'FItir is given and when it is
necessary to open fire simultaneowly, a prel,tmlnitrir command is
given: "MEM FOR LAUSCSID38", - and after readiness has been
reported -
If an immediate opening of fire is not required, then the
amend is given: "RIADIISSS AT SO MT ROM" or "MIAD3=813 AT
SO MUM ROM, FLU cm au= ? mar . In those instances the
camesamier of artillery gives the cameends "FNMA LAIIIICKIROr
and "FMB" in accordance with the tine set.
The delivery of fire is discontinued an the eammod *env or
on the expenditure of the allotted number of similes.
let us sadmeine several examples of calls for the fire at sisals
artillery.
Zmemple 1. The casmander of artillery at a frost, having -
received the instruction of the comender of front troops to
neutra1.4se an enemy airfield (target No. 111) by missiles with
conventional charges, has decided for this purpose to employ five
battalions, concentrating their fire on cue point or aim. The eall-
signs of the brigades are "Dar sad "MA". Oa the bents at the
decision taken and the formulated fire plan, the ecolones are gives:
"DM, "WA", ICITS117011: "DOIr - RC TEM, *Me - NZ 1110. UMW,
TAIGIT 111, I 4: e.. a . MB= 120. 3000 by 2000. 111CIVIDEIMIS:
'Dar - 9, 'We - 6. "DOW afin=13 - 11112111MICAL vas,
- RIADIMIES 2300 10/8.
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Example 2. The commander of altillery of a front has made a
decision to employ two brigades for neutralizing an enemy concentration.
The tabk is being carried out by missiles with conventional charges
with a distribution of fire on threepoiits of aim. In the headquarters
of the brigades and battalions there are no aerial photographs,
large-scale maps, or descriptions of the target. The callsigas of
the brigades are "MLA" and IIDIG:Pr. The area of concentration of
fire is "LUNA".
The artillery headquarters determines the coordinates of the
points of aim, their heights the number of battalions employed on
each point of aim, and the expenditure of missiles after which the
commend is given: "VISTA', "MTV ATTENTIOM' MiCIATBATION Cl
TROOPS. "LUNA", "USIA" - BY TWO, X s Y = BEIM 240,
MUM= 12. "VIEW, *Lesrsr - singly, X = I = BRIGHT
mo, smomarum "mu"- 61 "DNURr- 6, *rospsr - sr TWO, I:
I = MGT! 190, Lemma 12. NMADINEBB 1600 7/7.
Example 3. The commander of artillery of a front has decided to
give &missile brigade the mission of neutralizing an enemy railway
junction (Target lo. 502) by missiles with conventional charges. At
the headvarters of the thrigade and battalions there are aerial
photographs and descriptions of this objective, and the brigade
commander can himself determine the method or aalag out the mission.
In this case the commend may look approximately as follows:
"Mir (the callsiga of the brigade), ATTENTION: AMWAY JUNCTION...
TAB= WO. 502. MIUMEALIZZ: masiszruss 36, MADDENS 1200 10/8,
CRASS FIBS 2000 10/8.
laving received such a commend, the brigade commander formulates
a fire plan sad gives commands to those directly carrying it out.
The most important problems of fire control of missile artillery
ire the ustment of its fire end the of the results of
The mission of adjustment of fire is the matching of the center of
dispersion of missiles with the selected point of aim. The correction
of the range and the direction of fire are determined by the swats of
the first shots, the number of which must be not less them three.
The determination of the position of the impact points of
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missiles may be effected by aircraft and radio sets checking
(stantsiya radiokontrolya) trajectories (for a specific type of
missile).
With these same means, checking is also carried out on the
results of firing, the mission of which is the determinaticn
of
how the fire mission has been carried out, whether the given degree
of destruction of the target has been achieved, and what measures
it is necussary to take for its fulfilment.
Fire adjustment and checking the results of firing by aircraft
are carried out by visual observation and the aerial survey method.
The aerial survey method of adjusting fire end checking the
results of firing consists of photographing the target. area at the
moment of burst of the missile (several missiles), or after the
shots (all the firing).
The organisation of the coordination of missile artillery with
spotter aircraft (samolet-korrektirovshchik) is carried out by the
commending officers of brigades and battalions under the direction
of artillery headquarters.
When adjusting fire, the working out of data and the deter-
mination of the deviation of the impact points of missiles from
the aiming points is carried out by battalion headquarters. The
adjustment of fire and checking the results of fire are effected
according-to the results of the determination of the position of
the Swart points of these missiles.
The ccamwanding officer of ? missile large unit (unit) amst
determine the most efficient ways of adjusting fire and checking
the results of firing on each target, based on the conditions of
the situation and the resources available.
In a number of instances especial /7 when destroying the most
important enemy objectives the artillery beadquaters of a front
(aray) NKr organise the checking of the results of fixing of the
missile artillery.
It should be taken into account that &matinee a situation
sec/ arise in which it is *possible to carry out. adjustment of fire.
For example, adjUateent of sire by aircraft ma be rendered
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impossible by t. strong antiaircraft defense system. ln this case,
one has to limit oneself to carrying out al check of the results of
firing.
When destroying several enemi objectives, it is sufficient to
carry out the adjustment of fire only, not carrying out a check of
the results of firing. For example, when carrying out harassing.
fire on an objective of medium size, it is important to determine
the position of the central point of impact of the missiles, and the
result of the firing will be determined by the subsequent manifesta-
tion of activity in the objective.
It is advisable to proceed from the order of firing at each
objective when determining the methods of adjusting fire and checking
the results of firing by aircraft.
When organizing adjustment and checking of firing, artillery
headquarters must plan the operations of spotter-aircraft, and
make a request to the air army for correction of fire and checking
of the results of firing by reconnaissance aircraft on those
Objectives for which there is & lack of spotter aircraft.
At the same time, the following matters must be agxellupon
with aviation:
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enemy, by destroying the combat formations of the missile artillery,
disrupted the continuation of firing against the objective or
completely disruptad ali firing on a given objective; during the
process of firing or immediately before it, it is discovered that
the importance of the enemy objective from an operational or combat
point of view has increased so much that it requires further
destruction.
In all these instances additional firing should be organized 1
by missile artillery both by the use of missiles from the reserve
and by taking all or part of the missiles allocated for the destruc-
tion of objectives of secondary importance.
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