SOVIET BLACK SEA PORTS

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80S01540R002600030007-9
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 37
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: July 11, 2012
• Sequence Number: 7
• Publication Date: October 26, 1953
• Content Type: REPORT

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CENTRAL INTELLIG-E.NCE AGENCY
INFORMATION REPORT
COUNTRY USSR (Black Sea)
SUBJECT Soviet Black Sea Ports
50X1-HUM
This Document contains Information affecttag the Na-
tional Defense of the United States, within the mean-
ing of Title 18, Sections 793 and 794, of the U.S. Code, a8
amended. Its traasmleelon or revelation of its contents
to or receipt by an unauthorized person is prohibited
by law. The reproduction of this form i8 prohibited.
REPORT
DATE DISTR.
NO. OF PAGES
26 October 1953
THE SOURCE EVALUATIONS IN iH15 REPORT ARE DEFINITIVE.
THE APPRAISAL OF CONTENT IS TENTAi1VE.
(Soviet Black.Soa portal
office in the belief that they may be of interes ease re urn
S11:C#tET
STATE ~ ARMY NAVY
AIR FBI AEC OCD z
(Note Washington Distribution Indicafod by "X"; Fiold Distribution by "#".) F'OTJg 5Il~61 Ji~uary 1953
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sfCv~PiY Pts ~,
D. U.S.3.ft. - GenerzJ; Ir.f~rm,~?+~?~;,.
1. Foreign ships arriT~in~ at Soviet ports, ar:: boa.rzed either within
the port area (at dockside] or while anchored just off-shore:, depending
pn the type and size of the :Wort-o~-call,
2. A crew list (duplica~ce) and a list ahovring official number of pass-
ports (if passengers are carried) is required. The passports for all on
board must be collected and produced along with seamen's identity cards.
3~ ThA control ani th.oroug'1 s~:ar^h of ship is performed by a "Control
Commissions, corlpos~;d ,~i ;:e~~ ~~ral port officials i.e, one doctor, 4-5
customs officials, shipri.,ig agents (II~FLOT and the appropriate export
office) and 7-10,.both officer and enlisted personnel, of the border
militia.
~.. A Bureau of Health clearance issued by port of departure or last
port-of-call is needed by all foreign ships.
5. The "Control Coy. ssion" collects all cameras and binoculars, vrhich
are either returned to ship before departure or sealed in Captains
quarters while ship is in port.
6. The "Control Commission" also seals the ships radio, arms and surplus
stores (food supply not needed while ship is in port). All. except mini-
mum operational crew members are assembled on deck, while control
procedures are taking place.
7. After completion of the ins ection, the ship is given clearance and
a ship registry (LUKOVA ~APISTRA~is filled out in duplicate. One copy is
held by the customs officials and the other copy is given to the ship.
This document also lists the port of origin, cargo carried and cargo
taken on while the ship is in port. The ships copy is then turned over to
the customs officials at departure time.
8. Although 2 guards (changed every 4 hours) remain to guard the ship,
'most" of th?~crew is given shor? permits, bas?d on crow member lists,
and allowed to disembark.
9. The shore permits era printed, ch?que type, perforated to form 2
sections and are various colors! depending on what color is used at each
particular port-of-call. The crew members, usually allowed to remain
ashore until 2100 hours, leave one section of the landing permit with
the ship's guard and pick it up again on return to the ship.
10. The "Control Commission" boards ship again and same procedure is
followed as on arrival, with exception of breaking seals, before ship
is given clearance for departure.
11. Foreign ships are not allowed to recruit crew ,members while in
Soviet ports.
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12. The ports of ODESSA, KHE'i.SON, NIKOLAYEV and TUAPaE, damaged during
World War II, have been partially repaired and are still in process of
re-construction. Shipwrecks of various sizes and types,a:re still to be
found within the rarbors of most of these ports.
13. The pilot, usually escorted by 2 or 3 members of the border militia
when boarding ships, occasionally boards ships alone at ODFSSA.
SECRET
SECti~iTY tt~; ~::..~.:.. ,
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ANAKRIA (NQ2:23-F.u1:33) U_ S.S.R.
1. Harbor Description:
a. The roadstead is open to all winds from N around westerly to S.
b. Ships anchor on a bank, approximately 1~ mi.les off shore.
c. The depth of the bank is from 7 to 10 fathoms.
2. Regulations:
a. Ships rust obtain clearance at POTI.
3~ Shipping:
a. Exports: Indian corn.
k. Miscellaneous:
a. Beef provisions can be had.
b. Fresh water is obtainable from river.
t .~~ivad 5 ;....
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ANAPASN41a:52-E37:20) -- U.S~S.R.
1. Harbor Description:
a. Ther? is a roadstead ~ mile from tom, exposed to S.V. winds.
(Considered safe in spring, summer and autumn.)
b. Small breakwater and pior.
c, Only ships of light tonnage can dock at pier.
d. Two recent],y built lighthouses at entrance to the bay.
2~ Shipping:
a. Exports: grail, tallovr, butter, poultry products and wax.
3. See attached map.
SECREE
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~b ~ wa unn.
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. SECRET
BATt1M 1(N41: 39-E41: 3~ t1 S S wR
On S.E. shore of `..he Black Sea. Distance from sea, 1-3 miles from
anchorage.
2. Harbor Description:
a. The depth in the harbor varies from 21~ to 32 feet.
b. The "p-~troisum Harbor' is 22 to 26 feat deep and accommodates
20 stc~a.r.~.e.;~s .,
c. Acco~tuaoaation for 5 tankers at depths of 22 to 2S feet.
d, Depth of quay for ~ase ail is 26 feet
e, There era 5 oil--loading berths alongside breakwater and tivharf
at depths of 27 to 31 feet.
f. Steam cranes, (one 50 ton crane) oTnmed Soviet Authority.
g. There is a "~.0 ton" floating steam crane, for small repairs.
h. Small pier on western side of bay.
3. Regulations:
a. All ships must Nava anchors buoyed.
b. Compulsory pilotage in and out of harbor (3 pilots on duty),
Pilots board at anchorage when ship is wanted at bFrth, night
or day, sometimes without notice'.
/~, Shipping:
a. Imports: in plates, iron pipes, fire brick and machinery.
b. Exports: roleum products, oil, cotton, manganese, tivalnut
wood and liquorice root.
5. Miscellaneous:
a. B~ATtJrd, has railway and telegraphic communications with TIFLIS
and POTI.
b. On arrival at roads, come to anchor north of "flight buoy" in
8 to 16 fathoms and await visit of controlling officers.
c. Provisions available but expensive. Fresh water of good quality
3.50 rubles per ton.
d. Port charges for ship of 3,670 TNR approximately 165 ~ sterling,
for second cell during calendar yoar lOp reduction in port
dues. For third or more calls during calendar year 25~ r?duction
in harbor dues.
6. Se? attached map.
S?(%tEt
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Approximately 35 miles north of SEVASTOPOL.
2. HPrbor 1}escription: ?
a. Ships, up to 18 foot displacement, anchor a quarter of a mile
from`~EYPATORI'~, on sandy bottom.
b, This anchorage is protected from winds N.E. by E round to N to W
by N, but i5 dangerous with E and S.E. winds.
c, Larger ships (above 1~3 foot displacement) anchor farther off,
in 4-5 fathoms.
d. Impossible to load in winter.
sir
~~YY SECURITY lilt
~1~PATORTA (N45 t 12-E~3 : 23) =U.S .3_R
- - w..l.~_ Location:
3!-.
Shipping:
a, Imports: General cargo.
b. Exports: Me`~~o wool, hides, flax, barley, rye, salt and grain,etc.
a?. ? P.]covisioris??ars same price, as at other Black Sea ports.
f. Fresh mater bad and scarce.
5. See attached map.
sir
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FEODOSIYA (N45:02-E35:23) - U.S.S.R.
t~ ~.~
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1. Location:
It is situated at the foot of a large mountain, forning the S W angle
of a large and deep roadstead, on the western side of "KAFFA" bay.
2. Harbor Description:
a~ Lepth 26 t-o l.5 feet at entrance.
b, New harbor, ras uniform depth of 26 feet, with the remainder or
old harbor depth of 24 feet.
c. The harbor is sheltered from southerly and westerly winds.
dy The roadstead is more or less open to NNE and E tivinds.
3. Regulations:
a. Compulsory pilotage on the spot,
Shipping:
a. Exports: grain, seed and oil-cake,
Mi.saellaneous
a. There is a fixed light, white and red, on the end of E pier and
four small white lights on W pier.
b. Coal bunkers are available day and night.
c. Oil bunkers zvailable 3 lQn. from port, by ships of 18 foot dis-
placement,
6. See attached map.
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SECREj
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f(HOR~ (Nk6:05-E33:18) - U.S.S.R.
1. Location;
Approximately lOQmiles from ODESSA.
2. Harbor Description:
a. The depth in the harbor and channel leading to it is 19 feet.
b. Harbor is well protected by sandbanks and loading can be carried
on in any kind of weather.
c. There is a~~proximately 280 feet of quayage.
3. Regulations:
a. Pilotage not compulsory. (Advisable for captains visiting port
for the first time.)
4. Shipping:
a. Exports : Grain.
SECfiET
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I~ERCH ( 5:21-E36.29~- U,S.S.R,
1. Harbor Description:
a. Roadstead, no tide.
b. The KER~CH STRAIT channel. connection Black Sea and AzsS~ Soa,
has a depth of 17 feet (low water) from April to August; per-
mitting passage for ships up to 16~ foot displacement.
c. From September until close of navigation, depth is approxi-
mately 13 feet.
d. Six quays, with varying depth from 9 to 14 feet.
e. Clay and muddy bottom.
f. Inner harbor has stone mole 350 yds. long with depth 20 feet
alongside.
g. Channel 17 feet deep (to be. increased to 20) 198 feet wide
~onnegts new quay with KER'~CH ~NIKALE channel.
h,' LFO-ton floating crane
2. Shipping:
a. Exports: wheat, barley, linseed, fish wool, and hides.
50X1-HUM
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S~v;~~iTY IIdFG~MAT~~~J
KH~ERSON(N46:38-E32:37) - U.S.S.R.
1. Harbor Description:
a. River is being dredged to a minimum depth of 25 feet.
b. Depth in stream 35 feet, alongside quay 25 feet.
c. There are 5 loading berths, total length 2,100 feet.
d. There are 6 berths in stream,
e. There are 8 .floating elevators (capacity 300 tons per rour).
f. There is a grain silo, 150,000 ton capacity, capable of loading
22 to 25 thousai~_d tons per day.
g. There is a /~0 ton floating crane.
h. Floating docks, lifting capacity 2,000 tons.
i. There are several electric cranes.
2. Regulations:
a. Compulsory pilotage from O~CHAKOV to KHERSON and vice versa.
b. The pilot, with customs officials and frontier militia personnel,
board ship at ODESSA and remain aboard until docking at KHERSON.
c. On docking, a contro]. commission composed of a doctor, INFIAT
shipping agent, ?Grain Export Office" (EXPORT KHLEB) official,
police and customs officials board the ship.
d. The ship is searched thoroughly for contraband and stow-aways.
e. A1.1 cameras, binoculars, arms, surplus stores and ships radio
are sealed by the control commission.
f. The crew members are: assembled on deck and their seamens cer-
tificates and identity cards carefully checked against crew list,
both on arrival and departure from port.
g. Landing permits resembling bank cheques, pink and printed in
very good form, are issued to most of the crew members.
h. Control commission boards ship, and breaks all seals, before
departure clearance is given.
i. On return trip, pilot and military Escort (2 men) accompani~-?'
ship as far as ODESSA. QQ
3. Shipping:
a , fi,:x^crt s : Gr~.7n
4. ~Zi.scellaneous:
a. Harbor is closed from middle of December until early March.
b. There is railrv~.y track on quay.
c. Entrance to harbor is guarded by torpedo boat.
d. Only older and physically-small members of the crew seemas>t to
receive permits for shore leave.
e. Them are approximately 15 to 20 launches (type unknown)
equipped with radar and carrying troops, active in tree port.
f. Shipts radio is not sealed during trip from KH?RaOPJ to ODESSA.
SECRET
SECURITY 1~,~~t?ti? _. ~,
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SEC~Rli'lf IP~~d~?r~r~ trod
NIKOLAYEV (N46: 58-E3200) - U.~,S ,~
1. Location:
The port is situated on the right bank of the $UG River (going norm`
in the KI~RSON district.
2. Harbor Description:
a, Ch4nnel from the sea, has navigable depth of 28 feet,
b. The ~~com:nercial" quay is 3,850 feet long, with a depth of 26
feet alongside.o ~~,
c. ldole ir. new harbor, is 2,800 feet long with a depth of 26 to
28~ feet alongside,
d. There are berths for ore steamers.
~. Floating crane, 25 ton capacity.
f. Floating dock with lifting capacity of 30,000 tons.
g. There are 6 portable 5 ton cranes.
h. There are 8 grain elevators, capable of handling 4,700 tons per
day.
i. There is a dockyard and ship building works
j. There is a slip, 1,200 ton capacity.
k. Entrance to harbor is marked by bout's and stakes.
1. There is a new grain s i~.o, daily capacity 3,500 tons.
m. There are several small cranes, usad for coal and similar items.
n. There are no jetties in the harbor.
~. R?gulations:
a. Compulsory pilotage, for ste~.m or motor ships, 15 foot dis--
placement or over, from O'~CHbKOV to NIKOL~+YEV and vice versa.
b. Ship is boarded offshore ODESSA (or O'~'CHtiKOV) by pilot and
military ?scort (2 frontier guards) who remain on board until
arrival at NIKOIAYEV.
c. Upon docking, ship is boarded by control commission, composed
of a doctor, an INFLOT official, 4 customs and 8 Police officials,
and thoroughly searched.
d. x',11 arms, cameras, surplus stores and binoculars were collected
and scaled in the captains cabin.
e. Seamen~s certificates and identity cards are carefully checked .
against the crew list.
f. The INFLOT official remainei aboard ship during stay in port.
g. Landing permits, pink, cheque type, with perforated figures,
are issued to most of the crew-members. One hslf of th? landing
permit is retained by a control official while the other half is
given to the seaman.
h. l~1.1 foreign seamen must return to ship before midnight.
i. The control commission boards the ship again before departure
clearance is given.
~~~
IGIiRIT'Y ~tv'r'v?i~ ~' _
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~~CREr
~~~u~rrY ~f~r~~~r~`-~~
k.
Shipping:
5.
a. Lnports: Machinery, fire brick, and tile.
b. Exports: Grain, bran, oil-cake, stoves,. iron-ore, manganese - oro.
Steel rails, girders and logs.
Miscellane~ue:
a, There are two ice-breakers for winter service.
b. Operation:, are being carried on for keeping open throughout the
year, the channel of the BUG and the estuary of the DNIEPER from the
Black Sea to NIKO LAYE'J.
c. Chronometers can be checked.
d. Noon at NIKOI.AYEV is 2l hours 52 min. 6.1 seconds Greenwhich
mean time.
e. Port area is still partially destroyed and only fezv repairs are
being carried out.
f. The beds of the KHERSON and NIKOI~~YEV canals are getting filled
with mud and silt. (J,pparently no dredging process has been carried
out.)
g. The shipyards are located on a peninsula designated as a restricted
area.
h. World War II quay damage, has not been thoroughly ~
i. peck workgrs are documented and closely checked.
:. ~1~. ~P r-n7 4.~e~ ~ 4rwar.e~ ~S .
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,~~U~tTY tNr"~,'~:~~~ >>
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.. _ SECRET
?rrvrrr~n~c~rvnv /wry i _i ?~ ~~~~_ ~'7\~~4V7f1~Y~'~Wra~.~~
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1. Location:
The port is located 60 miles S.r:. of 'QRTGH Strait,
2. Harbor Description:
3.
a. Harbor consists of bay, protected by large moles of masonry
(eastern and vrestern)?
b. Accomnodat,ion for 3b ships.
c~ Tiier? are five piers, ti?rith dep+h at end. 27 feet,
d. Ther? sre .f:i.t-e jett9_es, c.epth ~L. ';,o ~$ .feet and tvro special
jetties for loadi.~g petroleum, depth 26 to 32 feet.
e. Cemen~ p=ar vri?.h dep?h 26 fee+,,,
f. New pier, depth 25 to 30 feet.
g. East quay is 21~ feet deep, and coasting quay is 2g feet deep.
h. There are 32 petroleum tanks,
i. There are several cranes, 5 to 10 ton capacity and 3 floating .
cranes, 12, 40 and y0 ton capacity respectively.
j. There are 5 grain elevators on silo quay but only 3 are in
operation (remain.ing 2 have burned down).
k. There is a coal dump near cement quay, (approximately contain-
ing 2,000 tons of coal).
Regulations:
a. Compulsory pilotage from NOVOROSSIYSK to ANAPA.
b. Ships must radio INFiAT at NOVOROSSIYSK and request rendezvous
with pilot.
c. All foreign ships are escorted by torpedo boats (type unl~tlown)
on arrival ar~d departure from port.
d. Ship is boarded by control commission, composed of a doctor,
and various port officials, i.e. INFIAT, customs, police, before
berthing dockside.
e. Ship is thoroughly searched for contraband and stowatirays
and radios all cameras, binoculars, surplus stores and arms are
sealed.
f. Control commission boards ship again before clearaneE: for dew
parture is given.
g. Shore landing permits blue color, cheque type, good for only
one day, are issued to most of the crew members.
h. While in port, ship is under constant torpedo boat surveillance
and is guarded by port militia.
k, Shipping:
a. Imports: Agricultural machinery, fire brick, steel wire, coal,
and general cargo,
b. Exports:.Grain, linseed, ail cake, ore, petroleum and cement.
,~
.~
~;~'r#fn~ ~.. ..
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5. ~di,scellaneous:
_, 2 ._
~E~.tlftt~~Y ~P~E~':4~wi~~~1
a. Repairs to hull and machinery can be undertaken,
b. Coal and fresh water are always obtainable,
c. Bunkering with best "DONETZ" coal.
d. Except for silo and cement quay, all quays are in dilapidated
condition.
e. Ship crew members may shop in city proper, with Rubles bought
at INFLOT agency
f. Gasoline and corn jetties, seem to have been repaired and are
in good condition..
g. The quays and cement factory beyond coal jetty have been
partly repaired and are in good working condition.
~, The city proper is still in ruins suffered during tiVorld :Jar II
and little effort seems to have been made toward cleaning up of
debris and re-construction.
i. There are several Yiulls of wrecked passenger and cargo ships
visible near cement quay.
j. There are at least "lU0" torpedo boats (same as previously
mentioned) on patrol duty within and in surrounding vicinity of
port area;
k. There are hundreds of fishing boats (all types and sizes) in
6. See attached map.
and out of port,
SECREI
~ECi1~?f~Y I~s~ '.?
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~tOP1'K16M1 !YR{Ir~IIN MARdUUR rILOT / '~~ -""" "
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SECkr!
ODESSA (N46:2$--E3U:1;/;.j ~ .Tr>3.5~~_
1. Location:
Most northerly port of the Elac'.~c $s~..
2. Harbor Description:
a, It is sub-divided into four sectio:xs:
1) ara_t~.ne H~~.rbor: width of entrance 1,G~30 ft., depth at
entra.n:;e 32 feet, depth in middle 26 to 3U feet; length of
quay 6;~s60 feet and depth alongside quay from 2$ to 30 feet.
2) e a.rt~or: width of entrance 1,0$0 feet, d~;pth at entrance
32 feet, average depth inside is 26 feet and length of
quayage is 1,275 feet.
3) pratique Harbor: width of entrance 1,000 feet, depth at
entrance 20 feet, average depth inside is 16 feet and length
of quayage is 4,450 feet.
4) Cabota~e Harbor: width of entrance 1,000 feet, depth 20 feet.
5) Petroleum Harbor: depth at entrance and at quayside is 22 feet,
length of mole is 2,625 feet.
b. Very good anchorage in the inner and outer roads.
C. Navigation operated throughout the year.
d.- Total accommodations in harbor, for 50--60 ships alongside quays.
e. There are 4 floating cranes, 25 to 1~0 tons c~~pacity each.
f. There is a floating pontoon dock, 1+,600 ton capacity.
g. There are Ir floating docks, 2 l~~rge and 2 small (capacity
unknown).
h. There is one $ ton crane and several 12 ton cranes, especially
used for coal ~;nd general cargo.
i. There are 2 berths for discharging coal.
j. There are petroleum bunters, 2,500 ton capacity, vegetable
oil bunkers, 2,500 ton cap.~.city, along Frith rnechanical pumping
and discharge of nolasses.
k. Thero are 2 slips, with lifting power of 1,100 and 700 tons
respectively.
1. There are several grr:in elevators and warehouses.
3. Regulations:
a. Pilotage is not compulsory (however it is advisabl?).
b. Light port charges (the sable as for all Soviet ports).
e. Ship is boarded at dock-sid? by control commission composed of
approximately $ to 10 persons (v~.rious port officials i.v. doctor,
eustor~ts, Iidr'LOT, and frontier or port rii.litia) and thoroughly
searched for contraband,