STRATEGIC MISSILE BULLETIN: SOME SPECIAL FEATURES OF PARTY POLITICAL WORK IN UNITS OF MISSILE TROOPS

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80T00246A029400810001-6
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 26
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: January 13, 2012
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: March 30, 1962
• Content Type: MEMO

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30 MAR 1962 .
MEMORANDUM FOR: The Director of Central Intelligence
SUBJECT STRATEGIC MISSILE BULLETIN: "Some Special
Features of Party Political Work in Units
of Missile Troops"
1. Enclosed is a verbatim translation of an article which
appeared in a Soviet Ministry of Defense publication called
Information Bulletin of the Missile Troops (Informatsionyy
Byulleten Raketnykh Voysk). This publication is classified
TOP SECRET by the Soviets and was first issued in 1961. It is
intended for generals and officers of the Missile Troops.
2. In the interests of protecting our source, this material
should be handled on a need-to-know basis within your office.
Requests for extra copies of this report or for utilization of
any part of this document in any other form should be addressed
to the originating office.
Richard Helms
Deputy Director (Plans)
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NOW.-SE NET
Original: The Director of Central Intelligence
cc: Military Representative of the President
Special Assistant to the President for
National Security Affairs
The Director of Intelligence and Research,
Department of State
The Director, Defense Intelligence Agency
The Director for Intelligence,
The Joint Staff
The Assistant Chief of Staff for Intelligence,
Department of the Army
The Director of Naval Intelligence
Department of the Navy
The Assistant. Chief of Staff, Intelligence
U. S. Air Force
The Director, National Security Agency
Director, Division of Intelligence
Atomic Energy Commission
Chairman, Guided Missiles and Astronautics.:
Intelligence Committee
The Deputy Director of.Central Intelligence
Deputy Director for Intelligence
Assistant Director for National Estimates
Assistant Director for Current Intelligence
Assistant Director for Research and Reports
Assistant Director for Scientific Intelligence
Director, National Photographic .Interpretation Center
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COUNTRY
n
USSR
SUBJECT STRATEGIC MISSILE BULLETIN: "Some Special
Fea o Par y o lcal Work in Units
of Missile Troops"
DATE OF INFO: July 1961
APPRAISAL OF
CONTENT Documentary
SOURCE Reliable source (B).
Following is a verbatim translation of an article
titled "Some Special Features of Party Political Work
in Units of Missile Troops", which appeared in the 1961
First Issue of a TOP SECRET Soviet publication titled
Information Bulletin of the Missile Troops (Informatsionnyy
yu le ten a ny oys a T"I rst Issue was seiir-
o press on u y ?
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Some Special Features of Party Political Work
in Units of Missile Troops
Our country, having entered the period'of development
of the structure of a Communist society, is experiencing
an unprecedented advance in economics, science and culture.
Under the leadership of the Communist Party the Soviet
people are working with' inspiration and intensity to
accomplish the grandiose tasks of the Seven-Year Plan. The
Soviet people received the decisions of the January
Plenum of the Central Committee (CC) of the Communist
Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) with unprecedented
enthusiasm and are preparing to greet the XXII Congress
of the Communist Party of-the-Soviet Union fittingly.
Each day in the life of the Soviet people is a day
of successes, a day of victories which demonstrates with
new strength the unquestionable superiority. of the
socialist system over capitalism, which has grown decrepit
and outlived its age.
The Soviet artificial satellites of the Earth and Sun,
ballistic missiles, lunik, space ships and the inter-
planetary station launched in the direction of Venus -
all of which were the first in the world - all this is
grandiose. The flight through.space, around'the earth,
of the Communist cosmonaut Yuriy Gagarin, accomplished
.on 12 April-1961 in the space ship "Vostok",is an event
which has surpassed all.the achievements of mankind and
has astounded the whole world.
The triumphal flight of a Soviet man into the cosmos
will remain forever as one of the unparalleled feats of
our people, realizing {a dream of mankind which is centuries
old. This event reaffirmed with new force the superiority
of the socialist social system over the capitalist. It
arouses a feeling of legitimate pride in our Communist
Party, which has reared such people as Yuriy Gagarin.
I
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The tremendous successes of the Soviet people in
building Communism and the-consistent peace-loving.':
foreign policy of our Party and Government'have'raised
the prestige of the Soviet Union to an immeasurable height
throughout the world.
At.the same time, we-must not fail to take into
account that there are still forces in the world which
are capable of plunging the earth into the abyss of a
new world war. This war will lead inevitably to the
downfall of the entire capitalist system, but at the
same time it will bring tremendous suffering to allt
peoples and will cause the destruction of material wealth
amassed over centuries by the labor of mankind.
We cannot close our eyes to the dangers of the policy
of military adventure and of possible aggression which,
is being conducted by the imperialist circles of the USA
and its allies both against our country and against the
countries of the socialist camp, and we must be ready to
deliver a crushing strike against the aggressor if he,
forces us to this.
The Communist Party and the Soviet Government show
tireless concern for the strengthening of the Soviet
Armed Forces in every way possible, for their technical
armament and for their maintenance in constant combat
readiness.
The creation of a new branch of the Armed Forces,
the missile troops, serves to confirm this. The Central
Committee of the CPSU has determined the practical?means
for turning the missile troops into a decisive firing
force and into the leading branch of the Armed Forces.
The Party and Government are supplying the missile
troops with the best and most modern combat equipment
in the world. Ballistic missiles, capable of tremendous
speed, altitude,and range; are able to deliver nuclear
warheads of the most-varied yields to-any point on the
Earth's surface in short periods of time and under any
meteorological conditions.
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Soviet military science, guided by the instructions
of V.I. Lenin on the skilful use of technology in military
affairs, proceeds from the fact that combat. equipment and
.weapons comprise one of the basic factors influencing the
course and outcome of a modern war. However, no matter
how powerful the weapons at the disposal of an army may
be, the decisive role in achieving victory over the enemy
belongs to human beings who possess high moral, political
and combat qualities, who have fully mastered their combat
equipment and who use it skilfully in battle.
Faultless knowledge of the new missile equipment by
personnel and the maximum reduction of the time required
to prepare missiles for launching from established stages
of readiness are the basis of the combat readiness of
missile units and subunits. In working to maintain the
constant combat readiness of units, commanding officers,
political workers and Party organizations` must be guided
by the well-known instructions of V.I. Lenin that,
"Increased military preparation for a serious war requires
not a gust, not a cry, not a combat slogan, but prolonged,
strenuous, persistent and disciplined work on amass
scale."
The successful fulfilment of these great and crucial
tasks depends on the ability of commanding officers,
political workers and Party organizations to organize
and conduct Party-political work correctly, in accordance
with the requirements of the Central Committee of the
CPSU. Here, special attention must be given directly to
organizational work in subunits as personnel are mobilized
for consistent and high quality performance of the tasks
of combat preparation, for the development of socialist
competition, for an increase . in :the quality of specialists,
for the. interchangeability of "members of crews (nomer
raschetov) and for the training of soldiers and non-
commissioned officers in carrying out the duties of
technicians.
I. V.I. Lenin, Collected Works, Volume 27, page 3.27.
ET
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In training officer cadres, more attention must be
paid to raising their ideological and theoretical level,
to increasing their knowledge of special training and,
to developing in them the necessary habits inpolitical-
educational work with subordinates. It is essential for
commanding officers and political organs to organize work
to fulfil the requirements of Directive of the Commander-
in-Chief of Missile Troops No. 020 of 18 April 1961,
concerning the profound study of the missile equipment
which is available for the armament of units and subunits.
The effectiveness of Party-political work in fulfilling
the tasks of special training depends largely on the
political and military preparedness of commanding officers,
political workers and of all Party activists, on their
knowledge of the tasks assigned to units and subunits and
on the ability to use the whole variety of forms and
methods of political work under specific conditions
correctly.
An analysis of `experience of the work of commanding
officers and political workers in missile units shows..
that only under conditions of high military training
and technical competence can they organize and conduct
Party-political work capably.
Great authority among the soldiers is enjoyed by
those commanding officers and political workers who-have
a good knowledge of the missile and of the ground equip
ment supporting its launching and who can offer concrete
assistance in studying and operating combat equipment.
If the level of special training of commanding officers
and political workers is low, tell-tale'elements appear
in Party-political work, decisions on vital questions
are avoided and.a record of the special features of the
work with each category of , serviceman. is lacking,
Commanding officers and political workers should always
remember the instruction of V.I. Lenin that, "The
Communist who has not proved his ability to unify and
unassumingly to direct the work of specialists by going
into the essence of .a subject and by studying it in detail,
such a Communist is often harmful. "l
1. V.I. Lenin, Collected Works, Volume 32, page 121,
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In organizing and conducting Party-political work
to fulfil the tasks of combat training and to'maintain.
the constant combat readiness of units and subunits,
commanding officers, political workers and leaders of
Party and Komsomol organizations must consider the
specific character of the missile troops.
Let us list the most characteristic features of
Party-political work in missile troop units..
While they are on combat duty, units and subunits of
the missile troops are performing a crucial combat task.
They must be prepared to launch a crushing strike at the
enemy at any time. Commanding officers, political workers
and Party and Komsomol organizations must therefore care-
fully prepare subunits and units to carry out combat. duty.
It is necessary to develop among the personnel of
the missile troops such moral and combat qualities as
high political consciousness., steadfastness, courage,
high physical endurance and a feeling of personal
responsibility of every soldier to the Motherland for
the work entrustedi.to him. We must strive to'have every
officer, noncommissioned officer and oldier. understand
the tremendous social and historical s significance of his
daily activities thoroughly and see them as a decisive
condition for strengthening the combat might of our
country.
The most' important task of commanding officers,
political organs and Party organizations is to`develop
in the personnel a feeling of.,love for the missile , troops,
of pride in belonging to the'. rain branch:,(v.id) of the Armed
Forces and a feeling of great responsibility for the
task entrusted to them, and for the work they are allotted.
The statements of N.S. Khrushchev on the role and
significance of.the missile troops should be widely used,
.and the tasks confronting the missile soldiers (voin
raketchik) which have been formulated _'in highly important
documents of the Party and of the Soviet Government and
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in the orders and statements of the Minister of'Defense
of the USSR and of the Commander-in-Chief of ' the Missile
Troops should be assigned in a timely manner.
During the period of preparation for combat-duty,
considerable work is conducted with the personnel in
explaining the most important requirements of the
Regulation on Combat Duty (Polozheniye oIboyevom'
dezhurstve). In many missile units, special instructions
have been worked out on the preparation of the subunits
for combat duty, on the procedure for their relief and
on the maintenance of equipment at combat readiness while
on duty. '
The experience in the work of preparing personnel
and equipment for the performance of duty which was.
acquired in the troop unit commanded by Colonel G.D.
Gavrilov and in which the political deputy..' is Lieutenant-
Colonel A.N. Biryukov, merits attention. Here, three
days, before going on regular combat duty, the commanding
officers of batteries, together with chiefs of sections
(otdeleniye) compile a combat schedule (boyevoy raschet).
Before going on duty, a maintenance day (parkovyy den)
is conducted in.launch, technical and transport batteries
for the thorough preparation of combat equipment.
With the aim of mobilizing the servicemen and of
raising the personal sense of responsibility of every
officer, NCO and soldier for the fulfilment of the combat
task, short meetings are conducted in the units before
combat;:fduty,with combat banners brought out in ceremonial
array,
The laborious work of preparing personnel to go on
combat duty develops in every soldier a feeling,of personal
responsibility for the fulfilment of the combat task and
for constant combat readiness to deliver a crushing strike
against the enemy.
El
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Missile weapons are collective weapons. The role
of each member of a crew in fulfilling a combat task is
higher than it is in any other branch or arm of troops.
Unskilful or incorrect actions by one soldier,.NCO or
officer can result in failure to fulfil a combat task.
Therefore, in the organization and conduct of Party-
political-work, personnel must be mobilized for the
thorough study of combat equipment and for the acquisition
of the necessary practical skills.
In the composition of crews and;, sections of missile
units, there is a large number of different specialists:
operators (operator), mechanics, electricians, launch
specialists (startovik), engine specialists (dvigatelist),
missile equipment specialists (bortovik), assemblers
(montazhnik), drivers of special vehicles, etc. For
example, in the checking section (otdeleniye proverki)
of a technical battery, there are more than twenty
specialists.
All this requires a different type of approach to
the training and education of servicemen. In organizing
Party-political work in missile units, one must remember
that they contain no specialists of secondary importance,
and that the fulfilment of the combat task as a whole
depends on the level of instruction and training of
each. soldier.
In the troop unit commanded by Colonel G.K. Mikheyev,
in which Lieutenant-Colonel I.M. Sosnovskiy is political
deputy, all categories of. specialists are well prepared
to carry out their combat tasks. A check of this unit
showed a high level of training among the personnel. The
majority of the officers, NCOs and soldiers who were
tested received excellent or good ratings. The unit
received a good rating for special training. The
personnel of a number of the: subunits of this unit showed
a heightened skill in their mastery, of missile equipment
and made an excellent showing in all types of combat
preparation. In the subunit commanded by Member of the
Party Bureau. Engineer Captain V.V. Romantsev, all officers,
NCOs and soldiers showed an excellent knowledge of special
training in the test.
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The command of Major P.V. Bogodayev (the secretary
of the primary Party organization) was well organized
and coordinated. The Komsomol crews of Technical
Lieutenant A.D. Balabannikov and Technical Lieutenant
A.S. Romanov received excellent ratings. An exercise
which was conducted. showed a high level of training in
the personnel of the unit and its constant combat
readaess. More than 300 officers, NCOs.and soldiers
received commendations for an excellent level of training
and for skilful operations in exercises-'_: About two-thirds of all officers in missile units
are engineers and technicians. Many of these have
completed military schools very recently. This fact
should be borne in mind in organizing and conducting
political-educational work. Young officers often need
to have their ideological-political level raised and
require a deep study of missile equipment and the
acquisition of the practices necessary for the organization
of educational work with subordinates. An officer can
only accomplish the task of training NCOs and soldiers
to. carry out their functional duties in working with combat
equipment properly if the level of his own technical
knowledge corresponds to the modern level of development
of the equipment.
The majority of officers in missile units work
conscientiously and persistently to perfect their
military and technical knowledge. They increase their
knowledge not only independently, but in higher
educational institutions and plants, they participate
systematically in work on plans for combat preparation
and in technical conferences and in establishing a training-
material base (uchebno-materialnaya baza). In addition,
officers are given individual problems with properly
organized control. In many units, work with officers
coming from other types of troops and not previously
concerned with missile equipment is well thought out
and conducted. Special groups arer'&tet up for them,
training plans are worked out and exercises are organized.
iT SEC1 T
/ NO DISSEM ABROAD
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A high level of knowledge of special equipment
was shown by officers of the troop unit commanded by
Colonel M.V. Teodarovich (sic) in which the political
deputy.' is Lieutenant Colonel P.A. Dmitriyev. ?A
check established that all officers know the equipment
well, have a high level of training and carry out their
functional duties irreproachably.
In organizing work with engineers and technicians,
it must be borne in mind that many of them are directly
responsible for the organization and status of combat
preparation, they are one-man commanders (komandir-
yedinonachalnik) who educate their subordinates. Experience
has shown that engineer cadres, as arule, know the
equipment well, but do not always possess command skills,
organizational qualities or ability in educating people,
and consequently they need serious assistance from Party
and Komsomol organizations. An urgent task for higher
commanding officers, political organs and Party organiza-
tions.is to assist these cadres to become able commanding.,
officers of one-man commands and educators of their
subordinates.
The work of battery commander Major F.A. Bogdanov
serves as an example of skilful education of.,young officers.
He teaches young officers the practice of educational work,
methods of instruction and.education of subordinates,
goes into all sides of the daily life of the officers,
finds a warm word for each of them, and gives helpful.
advice on the mastery of equipment and the perfection of
combat skills.
'Discussions are regularly held with officers, at which
questions of the organization of educational work are
discussed. Recently, there has been discussion on such
topics as "The personal example of a commanding officer
is the basis of-success in the military education of
soldiers and officers", "Individual work with soldiers
is the duty of an officer", "The personal example of a
young officer at work and in daily life", and others.
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The considerable distance which separates missile
subunits from one another in their performance of combat
tasks makes it necessary to, strengthen educational work
directly in the battery, section and crew.
By studying the activities of the Party organs of
a number of batteries, it was established that commanding
officers and political workers have achieved some successes
in turning the battery into a center of political-education-
al work. In this an important role was played by'the
creation of Party organizations along cell lines (na,
pravakh tsekhovykh) in batteries and combat subunits, in
accordance with the resolution of the Central Committee
of the CPSU "The Structure of Party 0?ganizations of
the Soviet Army and Navy".,which was adopted in August
19 60 .
The creation of Party organizations in.combat subunits
is of great significance in the strengthening of Party
influence over: all aspects of the life and activities of
the personnel and in the further development of all
instructional and educational work among the troops.
Many.of the Party organizations which have been
created in batteries have already shown themselves to be
authoritative combat collectives, exercising a fruitful
influence on the training and education of soldiers and
on the development of socialist competition.
Communists 1n batteries and combat subunits raise
the political consciousness of soldiers, inspire them
to the successful fulfilment of plans fora combat
preparation and raise their combat readiness by offering
dependable support to commanding officers in their
accomplishment of the tasks. of instruction and education
of personnel and in the struggle to strengthen. military
discipline.
The Party organization works well in the 2nd.Battery
of the troop unit commanded by Lieutenant-Colonel F.F.
Yevseyev.' There are eight members of the CPSU in the
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complement of the battery. Close cooperation between
,the commanding officer of the battery and the'Party
organization contributed to~the execution of combat
launchings with a rating of "excellent". The fine
personal example of the Communists at study and at work
is the basis for the successful activities of the Party
organization of the battery. The Communists of the
battery devote painstaking study to the strong and weak
sides of the men, which makes it possible to educate the
personnel successfully.
The experience in political-educational work with.
the personnel of the battery of which Captain M.P.'
Shudro is commanding officer, Senior Lieutenant A.N.
Katulin is'secretary of the Party organization and'
Junior Sergeant A.A. Trofimenko is secretary of,the
Komsomol organization deserves attention. Here,
experience from the work of the NCOs is studied and
analyzed and skills in educational work with subordinates
are imparted to them. Methods of educational work with
individual soldiers who have distinctive character traits
are.discussed and questions connected with the practical
application of one or another condition or requirement
of the regulations are examined regularly at meetings of
NCOs. The fact that he systematically instructs Komsomol
,group. organizers (grupkomsorg), agitators and the editors
of combat newsletters (boyevoy listok), striving for
actuality ana effectiveness in the work of each, is also
a positive factor in the work of the battery commander.
The plan for political-educational work is drawn up
by the commanding officer of the battery with the
participation of the secretaries of the'Party and
Komsomol organizations. -The battalion political officer
takes part in the working out of this plan and also
confirms it.
The painstaking, purposeful work of the commanding
officer of the battery and of the. Party and Komsomol
organizations has permitted good results to be achieved in
fulfilling plans for combat preparation and in the
maintenance of constant combat readiness in the subunits.
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Success of missile units in performing combat
tasks is inconceivable without clear-cut organization'--
and the-skilful execution of coordinated action between
the assembly brigades of the technical-repair base and
the launch-batteries and launch groups. In organizing
Party political work with the personnel of-"a technical-
repair base, it is necessary to take into account the
special importance of the work being done by the service-
men, to mobilize the soldiers for efficient observance
of requirements of the instructions and orders which
regulate the technique of preparing nose cones, paying
special attention to the observance of precautionary
and security measures. In organizing work'with the
officer personnel of a technical-repair base, it is
necessary to consider the important question of their
mastery of associated (smezhnyy) specialties and their
capacity for interchangeability (vzaimozamenyayemost)
in carrying out work.
Commanding officers, political workers and Party
organizations must educate the personnel of the launch
batteries and of the assembly brigades of a technical-
repair base in the spirit of combat cooperation, and
must explain to them the essence and principles of
organizing coordinated action, striving for clear
understanding of the role and place of each soldier,
group and subunit in carrying out the assigned task.
Some experience in efficient coordination between assembly
brigades and launch batteries has been acquired in units.
For example, the personnel of the assembly brigade
headed by Engineer Major A.I. Novozhilov successfully
performs the tasks of preparing nose cones. Here, the
officers have a thorough knowledge of the equipment and
sound practical skill in carrying out their work. In
an exercise conducted recently, the combat crews of the
brigade managed their tasks successfully. The personnel
coordinated their work skilfully with soldiers of
the launch battery, which permitted the combat task to
be carried out within the established time and with
a high standard of quality.
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S RET
The skilful and efficiently organized coordination
between the assembly brigade of the technical-'repair
base and the launch batteries deserves attentive study,
analysis and ride distribution.
Missile units carry out missile launchings
comparatively infrequently the
drills training
androfepracticale
(uprazhneniye) in ensuring the constant combat readiness
of missile units is therefore increased.
The mastery by subunits of such stages of combat
work as the deployment and pacing up of the complex
of ground equipment, the preparation of missiles at
technical and launch sites and the fuelling of a
missile with fuel components has paramount significance.
Here the actions of each member of a combat crew should
be made to be automatic.
The preparation and carrying out of combat launch-
ings are in essence exercises for the record,(zachetnoye
uprazhneniye) which permit the determination''of the level
of special preparation of personnel and the readiness of
crews and subunits to fulfil a combat task.
It is necessary to prepare comprehensive drills
carefully, not permitting oversimplification or
indulgence. In the conduct of educational work with
personnel, one must aim at meeting the requirements of
the Commander-in-Chief of. Missile Troops for the conduct
of 50 percent of comprehensive drills at night, at the
careful working out of the technology and methods of
preparing: missiles for launchings from established degrees
of readiness, at the development and practical mastery of
methods of seeking out and eliminating defects in the
control system, in the propulsion, assemblies and in the
combat systems and the assemblies of the ground
equipment.
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In comprehensive drills the smooth functioning of_
combat subunits is achieved, and the functional duties
of specialists and interchangeability of. combat crews
and sections is worked out. Just as, in aviation,
instructional and training flights are systematically
conducted in order to maintain a high state of combat
readiness, so in missile units comprehensive drills are
organized with the aim of preparing combat crews for
the final step - for combat launchings of missiles.
Political work among personnel at launch and
technical sites acquires paramount significance. It
must be devised and carried out in the period of
preparation for the conduct of comprehensive drills,
during the drills, and while summing up. The period
of preparation for comprehensive drills is used to the
maximum for a thorough study of equipment. Besides
the planned work,. technical conferences, and evenings
for questions and answers on equipment are arranged
during this time, group and individual discussions on
subjects of interest to the soldiers are conducted and
lectures and reports are read. Questions of the
preparation of comprehensive drills are discussed at
bureau conferences and at the meetings of the Party and
Komsomol organizations.
Conferences on method are conducted with the officers,
at which the most important problems of work with personnel
in the comprehensive drills are discussed.
In the period of preparation, much attention is paid
to the explanation of the specific tasks facing each
specialist in the forthcoming drill; socialist competition
is organized among soldiers, crews and sections for the
better performance of tasks; the experience of outstand-
ing trainees and of outstanding sections and crews
which have achieved successes in previously conducted
drills is propagandized; the requirements of instructions
on observing security measures are explained. In the
period of preparation use is made of the conditioning
(trenazh) of personnel.
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S [
.The final stage of the preparatory period is the
controlled warming-up exercises (rozygrysh) which
determine the degree of preparedness of the personnel
and their capability for participation in the conduct
of comprehensive drills.
Positive experience in Party-political work in
the preparation and conduct of comprehensive drills
has been amassed in a number of missile units. The.
personnel of Captain V.I. Kadochnikov's battery achieved
excellent results in combat preparation. The command
element of the unit and large unit graded the. battery
as excellent. It successfully carried out more than
15 comprehensive drills and its personnel retrained two
launch batteries.
The transition to comprehensive drills in a
battery is preceded by sound theoretical training of
the personnel. The conduct of the comprehensive drills
is efficiently planned. On the eve of the comprehensive
drills, a specific warming-up exercise is conducted: in
classrooms members of crews repeat operations on
diagrams and individual assemblies, explain which physical
processes occur in the performance of particular functions
during the preparation of a missile for launching, etc.
The personnelrepeat the basic provisions of the Firing
Manual (Nastavleniye po ognevoy sluzhbe), their knowledge
of which is tested by commanding officers and chiefs of
crews and sections. In the warming-up exercises serious
attention is paid to the acquaintance of the personnel
with associated and secondary specialties. On the eve
of the drills equipment is carefully prepared in order
not to permit its failure and the disruption of the
drills.
.Successful preparation. for the conduct of comprehensive
drills is facilitated by well-conceived political-educational
work with the personnel. A plan of the measures for the
commanding officer, Party group organizers and the Komsomol
bureau is drawn up for each comprehensive drill, taking,
into consideration the period of preparation and the
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course of previous drills and summarizing them.
Experience has shown that unified plans of work in a -
battery for each comprehensive drill are vital and meet
the necessary demands. They permit the commanding
officer, the chiefs of sections, the Party group
organizers, the Komsomol bureau, the agitators. and the
editors of combat news letters to work purposefully.
During the period of preparation for the compre-
hensive drills, officers, NCOs and soldiers are given
specific tasks, measures for the dissemination of
positive experience of work in past comprehensive drills
are organized and carried out, the study of instructions
and regulations is organized, a map depicting tactical
aspects of the comprehensive drill is prepared, discussions
on the carrying out of security measures in work on
equipment are held, etc.
During the course of comprehensive drills the
attention of personnel is drawn to the careful inspection
of combat equipment, to the timely detection and rapid
repair of faults and to the high-quality horizontal.
and vertical testing of the missile. Wide distribution
is given. to express news letters (listok-molnin), in
which the successes of the best soldiers are publicized
and well organized coordination among crew members and
between sections is noted.
Commanding officers, political workers and Party
organizations must pay particular attention to the
problems of preparing and conducting qualified critiques
of comprehensive drills. The main tasks of a critique
are to review the course of the drills carefully to show
up the errors and blunders of individual crew members, to
establish and make an evaluation of each soldier,to single
out those who distinguished themselves and to relate
their experiences. To make the critique more instructive,
it must be carefully prepared: a technological schedule
must be drawn and diagrams and other visual aids
selected.
AM&
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SSE E
Political. workers and leaders of the Party and
Komsomol organizations should take an active part in
the preparation and conduct of critiques. In the
critiques, Party-political work in preparing for and
conducting comprehensive drills is summarized,"its
content, forms and methods are analyzed, the most
effective measures are noted, leading-experience in
the work of the troops is summarized and the tasks of-
disseminating disseminating and instilling it are assigned. Critiques
must be especially carefully prepared for exercises
during which transitions from readiness No. 4'to
readiness No. 3 and from 1readiness No, 3 to readiness
No.2 and No. 1 are carried out.
Methodological classrooms must be prepared and
methodology councils established in regiments which are
to~occupy themselves with the summary of incoming
material, to work out correct methodological practices
in the use of equipment. and to analyze mistakes which
were allowed.
The most important task of commanding officers,
political workers and Party organizations is the
analysis, summary and dissemination of. the leading
experience of outstanding performers in combat and
political preparation, of outstanding crews, sections
and batteries, and the maintenance in every way possible
of the initiative of the personnel. In carrying out this
work, one should be guided by the instructions of the
Communist Party on the necessity for close study of,
and scientific familiarization with, the experience of
the masses, the.genuine creators of all that is new
and progressive.
However, in a number of units, comprehensive drills
are conducted without proper control, under inadmissible
conditions and with indulgence. The requirements for
documentation on technical performance and measures for
technical security are often. flagrantly violated. The
problems of coordinating the operations of launch batteries
and combat support subunits are inadequately worked out.
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Ml SE ET
The drills are often conducted without a tactical
character'(ton). In such situations, the Party
organizations must go deeply into the substance of
these problems and must help the commanding officer
to eliminate shortcomings.
The transition to comprehensive drills frequently
begins without sufficient theoretical preparation of
the personnel., which has a negative effect on the
quality of 'these drills, especially during launchings
at the firing range.(poligon). Because of the absence
of firm theoretical knowledge, the "cramming" of
personnel is sometimes engaged in during comprehensive
drills. Hence, crew members carry out operations
mechanically and are not able to understand the physical
processes while they prepare an article'(izdeliye)for
a launch. All this leads to a lowering of the quality
of the comprehensive drills. Thus, for example,
comprehensive drills are very poorly prepared for and
conducted in the troop unit commanded by Colonel I.T.
Salnitskiy. In this unit, most of the comprehensive
drills were rated "fair" and "poor".
In practice, there are cases where individual
commanding officers, engineers and political workers
take no part in the preparation and conduct of compre-
hensive drills for a long time and organize Party-
political work poorly during this period, so that
batteries reach the firing range unprepared for practical
launchings. Preparation of batteries, for combat launchings
was irresponsibly treated in the troop unit commanded by
Lieutenant-Colonel V.T. Khilinskiy. The 6th Battery
of this unit received a poor rating for combat launching
for the period during which it was at; the firing range.
The command element and the Party organization of the
unit drew no conclusions from this. This caused
another battery of this same unit to receive a poor
rating for combat launching somewhat later.
Instances occur in which launch batteries receive
poor ratings in tests on the firing range and are not
allowed to carry out the independent launching of missiles.
FT
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S:)E~qff
It follows, from what has been said, that the move
of launch batteries to the firing range to carry out
combat launchings must be preceded by well organized,
high quality theoretical preparation, the final stage
of which is the comprehensive drill.
In order to accomplish this task successfully, it
is necessary to organize and conduct Party-political
work skilfully, both in the period of preparation and
during the drill. In order to achieve positive results
in Party-political work, it is very important for the
commanding officer, the political workers and the active
Party and Komsomol members themselves to know how to-
perform the tasks being worked on in drills. They must
make use of the most effective forms and methods of
political-educational work, taking into account the
specific nature and particular features of the situation
which has arisen. The main attention should be
concentrated on work in sections and crews and on
individual work with all categories of servicemen who are
participating directly in the comprehensive drills.
The maintenance of combat readiness in missile units
is directly dependent on the skilful use and conserva-
tion of missile equipment. Particular attention must be
paid in missile units to the.storage of combat supplies
(boyezapas) and also to the timely and high quality
performance of the work laid down in regulations
(reglamentnaya rabota). The use and storage of missiles
and ground equipment, and an analysis of the shortcomings
discovered in carrying out comprehensive drills,
especially during practical launchings, must be at the
center of the attention of commanding officers, political
workers and Party organizations. The guarantee of our
success lies in care for combat equipment and in its
competent use.
In missile units, some experience has been acquired
in the skilful ' use and conservation of missile equipment
and in its careful maintenance. At the same time, there
are serious shortcomings in the use and conservation
of combat equipment. Cases in which personnel are guilty
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of putting combat equipment out of action-have still-.
not been eliminated. This occurs, as a rule, 'because
of ignorance of the equipment and of the relevant
instructions and also because of the negligent-attitude
of responsible persons toward the performance'of,their
official duties. For example, in one troop unit,. two
expensive missiles were put out of operation during
unloading.
Cases in which equipment is incompetently used
and inr;hich it is put of operation prematurely occur
in other units also. Unfortunately, in some units,
consideration. and analysis of the reasons for failures
and for the breakage of equipment are poorly organized.
Maintenance days are of great importance in the
preservation of equipment and in its uninterrupted
operation. On these days, technical resources should
be stockpiled at the assemblies of the ground equipment
and of-the training (uchebnyy) missiles for subsequent
use. Pglitical workers, Party committees and Party
organizations must give effective help to commanding
officers and engineers in the organization and conduct
of maintenance days. The following advance preparation
for a maintenance day must be made: a clear-cut work
schedule must be compiled, and each crew member, soldier,
NCO and.off icer must be given a specific task. Measures
for Party-political work must be carefully devised in ,
the periods of preparing for and conducting a maintenance
day. At the end of a maintenance day, it is necessary
to sum up the work, to point out defects, to note
positive features, to name outstanding soldiers and to
propagandize-their experience widely.
The commanding officers, political workers and
Party organizations of missile units must direct the
efforts of servicemen to the development and substantiation
of various methods of maintaining the combat readiness
of missiles during lengthy storage under the most varied
conditions (storage outdoors, in low temperatures, under
various climatic conditions, etc.).
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ssE
Great demands are made on the personnel of missile
units in observing the rules of equipment security,
especially when setting a missile up on the launch
mount and when filling it with fuel components.' Crew
members who do not know the rules of equipment security
are not allowed to take part in the work.
Missile units receive the most highly perfected
combat equipment. It can be successfully operated and
used only by persons who are technically competent
and disciplined, who have'an excellent knowledge of
these formidable weapons and who fulfil the requirements
of the instructions and the regulations for operating
combat equipment and for observing security measures
strictly. Unfortunate occurrences with grave consequences
can take place not only in work with a nose cone and while
filling a missile with fuel components, but also: during
the conduct of other operations for the preparation and
launching of missiles, if the established security rules
and measures are not observed. Hence, the most important
responsibility of every serviceman in a missile unit
who works with the equipment and even more if he
participates in the preparations for launching and in
the launching.of missiles, irrespective of his rank and
official duties, is the strict fulfilment of the established
rules governing the use of equipment and the observance
of security measures.
An important place in the work of commanding officers,
political workers and Party and Komsomol organizations
of missile units must be occupied by the problems of
mobilizing personnel to increase revolutionary vigilance,
to safeguard military and state secrets and to obey
the established secrecy procedure absolutely both
inside and outside the unit. In the organization and
conduct of this work,.it is necessary. to explain
thoroughly the requirements of the Communist Party for
the increase of revolutionary vigilance under modern
conditions, and to implant a burning hatred of American
imperialism in the missile soldiers by all forms and
methods of political-educational work, cultivating in them
a high sense of responsibility for the fulfilment of their
military duty and for the maintenance of constant combat
readiness in subunits and units.
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ET
In Order No. 0085 of 1960, the Commander-in-Chief
of Missile Troops demands the adoption of urgent and
pressing measures for increasing vigilance-. It must be
remembered that the primary objectives of enemy intelligence
are our missile troops. The problems of increasing vigi-
lance and of the strict observance of all procedural
requirements for the storage of secret literature and
other documents have thus acquired especially great
significance today.
However, serious defects in meeting these require-
ments occur in a number of units. In particular, there
are many cases of breaches of the Regulations for
Garrison and Guard Duty (Usta.v garnizonnoy i karaulnoy
sluzhb). In one troop unit, soldiers, together with
the commander of the guard, left a combat missile
unguarded. Instances occur of soldiers wilfully leaving
subunits which are on combat duty. Also, loose talkers
who give away military secrets have not been done away with.
Thus, Private Sadchikov divulged secret information in a
letter to his parents. There are cases of losing personal
and service documents, which are a valuable windfall to
enemy intelligence. In some units and subunits, questions
of.increasing vigilance are not always given proper
attention: they are seldom discussed in Party and Komsomol
bureaus and meetings and at meetings of servicemen.
Lectures, reports, and discussions on questions, of vigilance
are conducted for the soldiers, but cases of carelessness,
thoughtlessness and complacency are not always met with
the proper condemnation.
Those soldiers who perform guard duty vigilantly,
who display irreproachable discipline and who keep combat
and state secrets strictly should be publicized more in
the work of education for vigilance. In political-
education work with the soldiers, more attention should be
given to questions of unmasking the ideology of imperialism
and of telling the soldiers about the ways and methods
of the espionage and diversionary work of American and
other enemy intelligence services. The words of N.S.
Khrushchev must always be remembered: "We must be
El
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OM SEET
the soldiers of `~-' ."OT .?? &L is necessary-for
always ready to
repel the aggressor.,fol justice, to be
The successful performance of the tasks of combat
preparation and the maintenance of constant combat
readiness are inconceivable without strict military
discipline, procedure according to regulations and
good
organization in units and subunits. The efforts of
the commanding officer and Party and Komsomol organiza-
tions must be directed toward the maintenance of a firm
procedure, according to regulations, for the strict
fulfilment ofLthe requirements of the Central Committee
of the CPSU, of the Main Military Council, of the Minister
of Defense of the USSR and of the Commander-in-Chief of
Missile Troops for a radical improvement in military
discipline.
It is necessary to strengthen work in the mobiliza-
tion of servicemen for the thorough study and undeviating
observance of the Regulation on Internal Service
(Ustav vnutrenney sluzhby) and the Disciplinary Regulation
(Distsiplinarnyy ustav), which were confirmed by the
Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR
of 23 August 1960.
In order to strengthen military discipline the force
of the community spirit of the army should be more
actively used and it should be directed to combat
negligence toward military service,. drunkenness and other
misdemeanors which disgrace the name of a Soviet soldier.
These are some of the special features of Party
political work in missile units for the fulfilment of
the tasks of combat preparation and for the maintenance
of constant. combat readiness.
Thus, it is apparent from all that has been said, that
only the harmonious mutual work of commanding officers,
political workers, engineers and Party and Komsomol organiza-
tions will ensure a high standard of combat preparation and
the constant combat readiness of subunits and units of
the missile troops.
1. N.S. Khrushchev, Concluding wonis at the session of the
Supreme Soviet of the USSR on 7 'May 1960.
24-
SERET
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