NEW STRATEGY ADOPTED FOR THE WAR OF IDEAS

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80R01731R002600290001-6
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: R
• Document Page Count: 19
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: May 2, 2012
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: June 24, 1951
• Content Type: NSPR

IOW STRATEGY AQ(iP1FD
FOR ;TIE ~V
AR".) ,Ej IPOE,
Board Headed by Gordon C
Be Able to, Give In4)et to Fight on
Commusn in Captive Countries
PAST ERORS CAN BE AVOIDED
B AIT UR wwR.A
WASH (flQN. June 23-The designation by the President
i1p of Gordon GIMY to make consistent and consecutive Use of our
weapons is the warfare of Ideas with bolshevism puts a very able
public servant in charge of a strategic effort which was ensentlal
and overdue Mr. 'Gray. who was Secretary of the Army and mw
is president of the University of North UtroBna (on peke
leave )), will have as fellow-members of.his board the Deputy Sec-
rotary of Defense, A. A. Lovett; the Under.8ecmtary of State,
James Webb, and the director of the Central Intel-AS m,e Agency
Lieut. Geo. W. Be" Smith. And this personnel, if it realises the
opportunity, can accomplish these things;
(1) Its plans and'directives will have thestaper-C;a~Aoetweight{
of iecisions by the National Secu-?--- {{
t
41
y I ot:nC11. and this should
greatly assisr the board ir. carry.
Ing out its principal objective
which is now obstructed by dlffu.
Sion In the psychological, Cold war
strategy of the Government.
(2) It can commandeer and ob.
t ain the full use-of all the areawee
of Government to carry out Its
plans and programs.
(2) The Gray board can devote
l' SCI( to broad planning in a wide
range of eubjec'te because it will
not be burdened with the detail of
operations.
(4) Psychological warfare, both
overt. and covert, will be meshed
by the board into smooth asaohin-
ery of which the other parts will,
be the military and economic
phases of foreign policy To help)
assure this a representative of the
Joint Chiefs of Staff will sit with
the board
Here is an example of how the
new establishment would work is
a hypothetical case, If It worked
Ideally:
A satellite Sovi.t government is
proceeding against United States
citizens and interests in a vray that
makes it a hopeful target for our
psychological warfare because this
government is well known to reign
by force and terror and to rspre-
sent far less than a majority of the
people. The Gray board, after con-
sultation with the various agencies
(its own staff is expected to beI
small i draw's up a strategic pro,)
grim for this purpose, first takfngi
care that this is consistent with
the over-all foreign p,,lky of the
:halted States.
than of Action
The Army, which has a broad-
basting system and an administra-
tion for defected citizens from Iron.
Curtain' osmttetea; th. a(eacy pert,
displaced persons; the private
groups which, with the blessing the State Department, are ,
ing on the people in the SoVfPt'
orbit; the Voice of America and'.
other State Department instru-
ments of information and propa-
ganda; the C. I. A. in, the area aI
covert strategic warfare--ell these
are shown the score so than they
will surely play the same iriSsicl
tL the satellite which is the im-
rMiate target.
This harmony has not yet been
achieved by the UovernmeM of 044
United States. As a recent incident'
demonstrated, it has not even been
achieved by a single department,
that chiefly concerned with lomsign,
policy. In a speeeb is New Twit;
Assistant Secretary glean usk
said the Communist region at Pei-
ping did act meet the first test of
being a "government," leavislg the
inference, at a time when efforts
were under way to segdtiete a
cease-fire in Korea with A"
regime, that we would never deal
with it on anything. That upset
our European allies and the Do.
partment of Defense; and Secre-
tary of State Acheson was obliged
to mak, a public statement that,
of course, since the Chinese Com-
munist government was the one
at war with the United Nations,
any negotiations 1o0d h svm' to
with it.
host-R.te Staff Need"
This kind of incident the Gray
board was established to avert;
also to improve on our selection of
battlegrounds in the warfare of
ideas as well an on the methods to
carry it out. These assignments
will require a first-rate staff and
imaginative work which thus far
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gas aft-'hot best oo..pcasrs-ea
our parebologlcel strategy treat >A
the cam war. As the flab pro~.fils
the problem of the di eOll a b[ tie
Voims et . Amarlea mast be solved.
it An now iodged is and directed
by the Stet. Deparmtsnt, but
these are groupw in and out at
Government which beneve that an'
ace" propaga aim mechins six""
be excluded from the dspartmmeil,
equipment. Their contention to
that the State Department should,
be a policy-mdiing unit and have
'So more to do with operations than
(}easier Argoaaat
1
If Congress takes the same view,
the creation of the Gray board will
permit it for the first Ume to,
counter the principal argument of-i
fared by the State Department for
retaining control and direct opera-
tion of the Vvtce of America. This
Is, that no facility exists for sure
coordination of the Voice with
Polley as it is beiup made, and that
this coordination is almost as es-
senttal as to effect it after policy
has been determined. But Messrs.)
L sett and Webb and General
Smith will be continuous pipelin'e'
into the departments and agencies
during the formulation of poll ;p, '.
AM Mr. Gray and ,his staff vea'l'
thus be able to lay out programs'
which are consistent and consscu?
tire at an times with the steps to-
ward policy. Thereby the Voice of
America, though separated from
the State Department, would be
briefed as it is now at all stages
ad the proeosa.
The department has other argu
aap~dp
inlets why it should contain
Aerate ties Viicit hlr& It is no A-.
Worthy that a -dmnbii at dWnter+.
ested outsiders who have studied
the issue, begiruling with the view ..'
that the Voice should be separate,
have eroded wUk the oppose be.
east that, however, was before
the .Gray board was ee'-blisha4 byi
rterdeat.
Overburdened GroupI
One concern is being expresses
about the Mahe-ap of the board bt
.bssreess whe have the highs..
opinion of Its members in every
particular, w4kidi. t their grasp of
the problem and their capacity to
sniff SL %W obowvem nine ago*
that the :okular assignments
these members put than in an ee-
pscially Stied posit se to carry eats
the task. The concern I. that they
are elf se bdidefted with wed at-
rsady that they, win not have
thtas, said the coneeatmtlan teal,.
from the Foreign Office.
Mr. Lovett ~iid ebb and
General SmiiLh ere. tiaivedt
enough boors In a to meet
their schedules. Asd lb (hay,
though he has arranged with his
urivereity trustees to be in Wash-
ington a great deal of the tone, re-
mains the responsible bead of the
great Institution at CheQ'el Hill.
But the fact is that men par-
ticularly fitted for membership. on
the new board were bound to be
the very ones with such obligations
and demands on their lima The
alternative would be to chooses
members who lack the esseiU.si
requirements. If the staff they rive
crult its up to the Jab, the "Blvd
anxiety over the part-time factor
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c
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Now York Timor
reor several wiewthe while 14r. 1TJ-I
man and his principal aides sought
? man to rum it. The job ww
? Offered ter- MMir lthrtdge. pub-.
lisher of The Lsuisvllle courier-
Journal acid Tlworbt he dacills"1
with retreta. -
Aonlon Gray WN Meal Group
to .Direct Op" anf Cblwrt
St:atba. of 'Coil War'
and Dedtsaa. aay the director di
C.I.A.. sail the low bard would
national pmy hologioal objectives,
olices sad prodarms. and for the
By W. IL LAWSt W
p
as.ew a Teo MM 1b.a Ti aeoordtnatiee died dvaulatlon of the
W,ASHIgaTON, June 201--Presi- national psycholagieal effort..'
,Mint Trt today created a Ply" The president lw base d[aaat-
I %---A .red ---_ "-
ith the A0.
w
t~ of na among various Goverawuntal agen?
rtat. lrteb' d tM A1rny, rise carrying at bolt open and se-
U an glister. cret psyehological warfare agalnet'
The bad is Wend" to pia!" U the Soviet "bioe. it was felt that
ItaJer Isle as the 'Meow war" the State Department's Nati6nal
jaS?irto tb* Soviet Uliton and its psychological Strategy Board was
sabefttes. ' pMlgilag, cisrdlnating not able to bre?S this eoord>asuon
Sand supWvNhW both op" and lh.+ vq" be possible lmddn M?,
eft ~M air ~tical agercy wren! responsible to the,.
ar-Iftle- ' ,,t sttatastty Oounek.
reato.'tyea. WaItOr 1?adsl 1 ? - ward to Ashha Veles
va"dor of no Ces AMI xmtsillf rice _
Agency, was ttawtad acting air- : to taoa t board
.i1Mw ei the boird. which will re. RhI cotplitwe 04 An
directly to the 1vMtlonal Be- adviser to the Voice of America
yrjty qunnfl. Serving with him r and other toreigil inforniiation pro-
Jaws a. Webb, Under. grams but it now will aeeeive its
CC Bute out *obert A. broad general guildance from the
' ,fit ty Seid " Y ei De- new board.
tense Under tee ezseetttve d" ve Va.
at g['' Use :,Joint Mr. Gray will receive a salary of
hilb t a.r+w .
d ?taft ails e of wet ;tell, with - `1 ~~ w~ tordered le~riad~t
Chle
the board "es. and tW its ob- service qualifications. His agency
shall be a related t to amov pogroms will be financed front emergency
for shall a ts." rd pleas funds available to the Pre ident.
military atnant d ? let. Gray Mr. Gsa is ? publisher of The
The anounc d b Winston-Salem (N. C.) Journal
Rouge woe use today sta attarlt M by bid d the' dada Whitor- e and Twin-City Sentinel and owner
rang atg wl tenotewt of the l of a radio station. formedy
Umber try Of Ngrth Cato", to practiced Iavlt lZpw. di~ de ~
on Ws tew' sk tM *ill -con- hated in the pmv as 4 Rf--teMei
take
tir,no to devote Put d Sla-Ume to May. 1942. diving ostyiraeea. sad
his unlvertit ~Itoa"44 Chapel emerging with the rank of cap-
tl it. but a hita'1Mris spokes- tern. He -wpm named Assistant
man said that Mr.' 'iceman bad Seri elaiy of the Army in 1947 and
been assured be watld be able to . Secretary of >the ?nnyi in 1949.
; e
Mhr M yMtre rid
h
h
.
en
. wis
time in Washington w
oorganenough
ize the new activity. When M tesiped iN Aidfr 1101
to aMWMS tae, iddeatioMil post
Salt laag some"
? Creation of the new coordinating
We mauve date. the President per-
suaded Was to remain on for a few
a it&fd*sh ~~,a~ A lapWt
bew+ll~ig a 4sd-re guf 'sIoo
NO
f~.J ~tJ. _t.O r I~. .1 1vitc,S
one. 2l.51S'SI
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du) yOr~. ~t-r'4Lj ietbu4e.
~aw~ Zt r i'i l
Teeurr~an Names Strategy Board
To Step Up Ps chological War
Gordon Gray to Set World-Wide Propaganda
'Policy; Bedell Smith, Webb, Lovett on Staff
By Robert J. Donovan
WASBINOTO.N, ITune 40 -President Truman moved today to
he.'gAten the tempo and effectiveness of Amertcs's psychological
wik'rfare against Soviet-directed international communism by Wt-14 ''ti t up a psychological strategy
Iboyrd, with former Secretary of
the Army Gordon Gray as di-I
rector.
The board, which has been lik-
ened to a political general staff to
direct the Information. props-
ganda and certain undercover
activities of the United States in
the cold war; will be an iudepead
*at agency reporting to the 2411-
tional Security Council, the na-
tion's top security agency, headed
Mfg the President.
Mr. Truman's directive loch
provided that the psychological
strategy board--the word "war-
;ire" we. purposely omitted from
the till, because tits United States
is. technically at least, at peace
w l,.h Russia and its satellltea--be
oanpoeed of three members.
.'hey are Under Secretary of
Plate James E. Webb. Under S:c-
ret.Lry of Defen.Ke Robert A Lovett
and Lt. Gen Walter Bedell Smith.
director of the Central Intelligence
Agency. Mr. Gray, in his $16,000-
a-year post as director, will work
under the board and will be the
,utual operating head of its work.
b ird May Expand
From time to time, the Presi-
dent provided, the board may add
to 14 membershetp representatives
of other government departments
and agencies.
Mr. Truman also directed that
a representative of the Joint Chiefs
of Staff sit. with the board as its
a rttef military adviser "in eider
I, hat the board may insure brat its
-~r'$ctlves, policies and pr.'irams
It :Vatinrted an page is. column 1)
Coll War Board
t /Coaftnp t /roes page one)
shall be related to approved plans
far'Rarl1ltarydirecti sa opve humansid."
that the
Preslidstlt's purpose was "to au-
themes and provide for the more
effective planning, co-ordination
and conduct, within the frame-
work of approved national policies,
of psychological operatiogts."
Over-A/ rob" Unit
Mr. Truman charged the board
with responsibility "for the for-
mulation and promulgation--as
guidance to the departments and
agencies responsible for psycllp
logical operations-of over-all na-
tional psychological objectives,
policies and programs and for the
co-ordination and evaluation of
the natlpnal psychological effort."
The board will evaluate for the
rational Security Coutcil the psy-
chological werfgje activities be-
ing conducted by various agencies
of the government. Indicating his
desire for improvement of these
activities, the President ordered:
"The heeds of the departments
and agencies eoncerned shall ex-
amine Into present arrangements
within their departments and
agencies for the conduct, direc-
tion and co-ordinatbu of psycho-
logical operations with a view
toward readjusting or atrength-
ents, them, if necessary, to carry
out the purposes of this directive."
WOald Affect Korea
We policies laid down by the
now board would govern the setiv-
itles of such instrneaents of Pay.
P'wraa AOemdlpg to stun)' ce..
elals, psychological warfare tacticsI
in the field in Korn also would
be i ld'led by the board's over-an
policies.
Mr. Gray has received a leave of
absence from his post as president
of the University of North Caro-
ling to become the psychological
strategy director. A Winston-
Salem newspaper publisher and
radio station owner, Mr. Gray
once practiced law in New Ynrk
City. During the war he enlisted
in the Army as a private and rise
to the rank of captain. He was a;.
pointed Assistant Secretary of 'ie
Army In 1947 and Secretary txo
years later. He Is forty-two years
old.
Other Board to Stay On
Since August there has been in
exleetnce an inter-departmental
group known as the National Psy-
chological Strategy Board-in ef-
fect a committee with represen4a-
tives (roes the Departments of
State and Defense, the Joint Chiefs
of Staff, the Tioonomic Co-opera-
tion Administration, and the
C. I. A. Under the chairman.
Ship of Edward W. -34a,"ett. As-
sistant Secretary of Stat*?for Pub-
lie Affairs, It has been reviewing
and co-ordinating psychological'
strategy activities.
Mr. Webb announced today that
this group will be continued ui:':er
the name Of the Psychological op
rations Co-Ordinatirtg Commit r
"wt''t responsibility for co-ordir...'
ing'the execution of United Sta:,ee
foreign information programs."
"Other activities in State Dr_
partatent will continue as pres-
ently orgapised," Mr. Webb sod
,
"under the broad guidance of the
new psychological strategy board
tnaotttteed by for President to-
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June LI1 1 ( I
.h.
!1o.s uington Post
GEaytoll~ad Bari
For War of Ide~s
of Dde.se.
gsaa:e Agency, and the Lrcoe e
Cooperation Administratbn.
But this board has been unable
tprovveed . any arorfied through at the
highest government leveL It bM
suffered, too, like maw other as-
ter-agency boards, from the con-
Attu of departmental loyalties.
The President's directive - rie-
terday did not sub clear whether
Gray would duplieite the work
of the old board or use use saw
one to get government-wide action
on the projects recommended
from below.
Those who know Gray aspect
We a pox tits aesesu OR notion.
The d{rssttve frees the Vhlta
now yo dav, no" the I "IF
board rbio,far "than SOP to the departmaeft
ags~ adeis r++Pese~M fen' 0ves
1ember agencies
to which
REST,-"-=
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-10.
to which operational action has been assigned. As appropriate, either
the approved PSB plan or the operational plans evolved therefrom are sent
to field missions in order to provide policy and operational, guidance to
such missions in implementing the plan.
It is the responsibility of the area which has been assigned action
responsibility for a PSB project to see affirmatively that necessary PSB
Information and materials reach all appropriate missions in the field.
It is important to keep all missions currently informed of pertinent and
approved PSB plans and actions and it is likewise essential to provide
missions with appropriate PSB documents in those cases where the missions
have been delegated responsibility for implearenting PSB plane. From time
to times the Exaoautivo Secretariat will circulate to the staff assistants
of appropriate areas of the Department a list of approved PSB plans which
will aid in determining the necessity for transmitting to the field those
documents for which each area is responsible. It may also be determined
from the list which PSl3 papers should be transmitted for information to
"looted missions in areas not having primary responsibility. It is also
the responsibility of those areas and bureaus assigned action responsi--
bility for !SB projects to keep U.S. representatives on appropriate regional
and international organizations fully informed on PSB activities and
approved plans of special interest to their particular assignment.
In order to provide a central point in the Department for all Informa-
tion regarding overseas distribution of PSB documents, the following pro-
cedure will be followed:
Staff assistants or policy information officers should inform the
Flolioy Reports Staff (S/t-R).of all PSB materials prepared for distribu-
tion to appropriate missions in the fielldo
When such materials are prepared for field distribution, they will
be sent to the Policy Reports Staff for review and recording after which
the materials will be transmitted directly to the field mission. When
PSB dooumants are attached to instructions, either for action or infor-
mation of field missions, they likewise will be sent before final trans-
mittal to the Foliay Reports Staff as indicated above.
In preparing PSB materials for overseas distribution, responsible
officers and staff assistants should determine whether the entire doom.
meat or only selected portions thereof need be sent. Depending on the
security .
RESTRICTED
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lam
security classification and the sensitivity of the subject, such officers
should use their own discretion as to how much of a PSB paper should be
sent to the field.
G. ht D tribution gP Tels?rame and Despatches g t M
The Department provides the PSB Staff with a regular classified
telegram and despatch distribution covering subjects primarily of psycho..
logical or public affairs interests. In addition the Department provides
a selected distribution of telegrams and despatcbes.to PSB panels. A
PMB staff officer attends the dailtiq sessions of the OIR Reading Panel and
neleots.despatohes of interest to the PSB Staff.
To regularise the traasmittal'to the PSB panels of telegrams
and despatches which are required for the effective conduct of panel
assignments, the following procedures will be employed:
1. Departmental representatives on ISB panels during
their daily. review of incoming cables and despatches
will,note those a mmumioations which, In their judg-
ment,.are appropriate for transmittal to the panel
members.
2. Since the Departmental member on each FSB panel in
in a position to know beat the substantive needs of
his particular panel be will, on a daily basis or.as
often as required, prepare a list of cables and des-
patches appropriate for transmittal to the Panels.
He will forward such lists to the designated person
in IAD, who in turn will secure the telegrams and
despatches from DCA and DC/k respectively and after
recording same will transmit them to the PSB staff
for distribution to other panel members.
The following
RESTRICTED
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4-'ia following information should be included in the lists mentioned
abov--,
'.~?tOiMs Bureau Message Center
`PO: IAD - (to designated person)
` BJECT: Distribution of Telegrams (or despatches) to PSB
Panels (Insert here code new of panel)
It is requested that the PSB Staff (name of designated.PSB Staff
officer) be furnished the following for distribution to PSB Panel
ab
From or to
Serial No. Control No. Nom, of
(In case of copies
telegrams required
only)
-En order to service requests from the PSB Staff for copies of telegrams
or despatches which are not normally provided either through regular telegram
distribution, by the special panel distribution procedure described above,
or secured by the PSB staff officer on the IAD reading panel# the PSB Staff
will submit their requests directly to the Pblicy Reports Staff (S/S..R),
8, ULUs .Arrangements vM.VM MI-3 ftrg-
The Departmental Coordinator is responsible for the direction and
maintenance of liaison arrangements with the PSB staff, In order to
regularise the liaison pattern between the Department and the PSB staff and
in order to expeditiously service PSB staff requests for certain information
and intelligence matez'ials, the following liaison channel. have been agreed
to:
1liiwnce Tq~gg r,teg - PSB Intelligence. Officer
to Assistant Director, OIE
2. Polio P?g - PSB Staff to Departmental Coordinator
3. &20 and2jg!M stribution - PSB Staff
to Chief, Policy Reports Staff S77S-R).
The Department, through the liaison channels outlined above, and in,
accordance with the directives of the Departmental Coordinator, maintains
close and informal contact with the PSB staff. The PSB staff is likewise
constantly
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a.13..
constantly in contact with Departmental officers involved in FSB
activities. However, such contacts should not be carried on in such a
way as to bypass the established liaison channels between the Department
and PSB staff.
I. Miffn Intormation
1. Frequently when Chiefs of Mission in the field return to
Washington for consultation, arrangements are made for them to
brief the PSB staff on the political and psychological situation
existing in their particular area. Public Affairs Advisers in
the regional bureaus are requested to notify the Departmental
Coordinator of the presence in Washington of such Chiefs of
Mission in order that he may, as appropriate, complete arrange-
ments for the PSB briefing.
2. Members of the PSB and the Director have developed the
custom of holding informal luncheon meetings on a weekly basis.
Prior to these luncheon meetings, the Executive Secretariat
and the Departmental Coordinator prepare for the Under Secretary
a briefing memorandum containing information which he may wish to
use at these meetings. Offices of the Department possessing
information on items which may be discussed at such meetings or
Which may wish to have the Under Secretary bring up appropriate
subjects at such meetings are requested to report such information
to the Executive Secretariat or the Departmental Coordinator for
inclusion in the briefing memorandum.
ACTED
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Appendix A
Deffirti 4tal ger112M s onai a PSG W
Ifr. David K. E. Bruce - Under Secretary
SU Floor New State, Ext. 2101
nate
-Hr. Rowland No Sergeant
Assistant Seoretary for Public Affairs
Room 4166 New State, Ext. 2115
Deoert ta1 -Nord for
Mr. Joseph Phillips
Deputy Assistant Secretary for Public Affairs
Room 4168 New State, Ext. 3121
lb'.Brradley Ho Patterson, Jr.,
Staff Assistant
Roam, 4166& New State, Ext.
rem t- S S
4 nab (22.0 0. M AaamisitiCM j lion
777
. 'WO JO Mcwiuiame
Zt ripator of 8/6
RAN* 5131 New State. Ext. 538
Mr, 'Earl D ._Saba
Room 5017,New State, Ext. 5291.
Mr. Leonard Jo Horwitz, sjS 8 )
R~poaht 5 0 1 1 N e w State, .
Roan 5269 New State, EXt.
Mr.' Arrthmc C. Nagle
Chief of S/S , t
transmitting requests from their areas to S/So
Roam 604, Si-1, Ext. 326? Room .123, SA-1, xt. 2745
In ddition, the staff assistants in each of the areas of the Department
*,I Al Evans
Assistant Director Mies L. 4 Eiring
are reap ib3e far distribution of ?SB documents within their areas and for
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