REAGAN ARMS PLAN DEBATED IN EUROPE

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP90-00552R000505370089-6
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 2
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: September 13, 2010
• Sequence Number: 89
• Publication Date: March 26, 1983
• Content Type: OPEN SOURCE

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POLICE ARREST 250
IN CHILEAN RIOTING
?
Approved For Release 2010/09/13: CIA-RDP90-00552R000505370089-6
THE NEW YORK TIMES, SATURDAY, MARCH 26, 1983
Water Cannons Drench CroWds
Who Block Downtown Area
?9 Bombs in Santiago
By EDWARD SCHUMACHER
Special to The New York Times
SANTIAGO, Chile, March 23 --
Nearly 250 people were under arrest ,
here today after violent protests Thurs.
, day night against the military Govern-
ment of President Augusto Pinochet.
Policemen used water cannons to bat-
tle hundreds of rock-throwing protest-
ers for more than an hour in a 20-block
area. Diplomats here said it was the
first time the cannons had been used
since 1973, when General Pinochet over-
threw the Marxist Government of
President Salvador Allende Gossens.
The protests reportedly were organ-
ized by. the Communist Party Youths,
an outlawed organization, and the po-
lice said most of those arrested were
youths. But many office workers and
shoppers joined in jeering the police,
chanting, "Pinochet, assassin!" or
"Work, bread, justice and liberty!"
Iii4s0'issest
Explosions Wound Two
Hundreds of youths later blocked
rush-hour traffic on the Alemeda, a cen-
tral boulevard, tearing down street.
signs, starting bonfires and pelting po-
licemen with stones in a brief skirmish.
They were dispersed by riot policemen
and a plainclothesman firing pistol
shots in the air.
The demonstrations followed the
Former West German Leader
Named Co-editor of Die Zeit
HAMBURG, West Germany, March
25 (Reuters) ? The former West Ger-
man Chancellor, Helmut Schmidt, who
was toppled in parliamentary vote in
October, will become co-editor of the
authoritative political weekly Die Zeit
on May 1,
The newspaper's publisher, Gerd Bu-
cerius, said today that Mr. Schmidt had
been entre-14.0d with the job because of
his "exceptional talents and his great
achievements for West Germany."
- Mr. Schmidt, who served as Social
Dernecratic Chancellor in a left-liberal
government for eight years, would
work alongside the present editor, Mar-
ion Drinhoff. -
In the first quarter of this year, Die
Zeit pushed its circulatiqn above the
490,000 mark for the first time. -
'CHILEAN POLICE QUASil PROTEST: Demonstra.
tors seeking cover as water cannon moves through a
Santiago street breaking up anti-Government rally..
Tear gas was also used. Two hundred people were at
-
United Press International
rested, and officials said pturfahment would be severe.
Protesters were denouncing rising cost of living and
economic policies of the military government of Presi-
dent Augusto Pinochet, who seized power in a 1973 coup.
detonation of nine explosive devices
around this city Wednesday night and
early Thursday morning. The police
said the blasts slightly wounded two
people, damaged a bridge and cut off
the water supply to a workers' neigbor-
hood.
Brig. Gen. Enrique Montero Marx,
the Interior Minister, said the Govern-
ment would use "maximum energy"
against those responsible for the bomb-
ings, which he said appeared to be part
of a joint operation with the demonstra-
tions.
The protests were called through leaf-
lets distributed in Santiago criticizing
the Government's handling of the Chil-
ean economy. General Pinochet's rule
was extended in 1980 by a national plebi-
scite until at least 1989, but since the
vote the country has plunged into a de-
pression. Protest demonstrations heve
been increasing.
Church Says 1,400 Detained
The Government reports that unem-
ployment has nearly doubled over the
last year to more than 20 percent in the
greater Santiago area and higher in the
provinces. In addition, 12 to 13 percent
of the werk force is in low-paying make-
shift public works projects similar to
those of the 1930's in the United States.
"With this unemployment, we're sit-
'
ting on a volcano,n Genera Arriagada
Herrera, a Christian Democrat leader
said,
The Roman Catholic Church here re-
ports that during protests last year,
more than 1,400 people were detained,
compared to 1,100 in 1981.
The economic pressures have caused
splits in the coalition of b'usinessrnen,
rightwing nationalists and the military
that has- supported General Pinochet.
But the debate ha; been mostly over
economic policy and the methods of
transition, and not over the General
himself.
Priests Among Those Arrested
He remains firmly entrenched in
power, enjoying what appears to be the
complete loyalty of the armed forces,
according to even opposition leaders
and the church. General Pinochet and
the church's leader, Rant Cardinal
Silva Henriquez, Archbishop of Santia-
go, have been locked in a dispute since
the Government ordered three foreign
priests out of the country two weeks
ago. The three had been working to or-
ganize poor people to demand greater
social welfare, church workers said.
Two more priests and two seminar-
ians were among those arrested Thuri-
day, church leaders said. The priests
were reportedly released today. It was
?
not clear how many others had been
freed; the police can hold those seised
for five days without charges.
Interior Minister Montero met today
with the Papal Nuncio , Msgr. Angelo
Sodano, and said afterwards that the
participation of the priests in the
demonstrations add to the church-state
tension.
Rut Enrique Palet Claramunt, execu-
tive secretary of the human rights and
social welfere arm of the church, said
the churchmen were arrested as they
were leaving a memorial mass for th
late El Salvadoran Archbishop, Oscar
Romero, who was assassinated two
years ago. He said they were not a part
of the demonstrations, though they and
about 60 priests in the mass did alive
people from the street to seek refuge in
the church during the police crack-
down.
Most opposition political partiei have
opposed street demonstrations, fearing
violence and seeing them as futile.
Sorree said the Communists were taking
advantage of the situation, and diplo-
mats said the demonstration had even
been advertised on the Moscow radio's
Spanish-language broadcast, "Listen
Chile."
?Demonstrations were called also in
other cities, but they reportedly were
Reagan Declares 'You Bet
He'llStick With Adelman
By FRANCIS X. CLINES
Special to The New York Times
WASHINGTON: March 25 ? Presi-
dent Reagan emphatically defended
Kenneth L. Adelman, his nominee to
head the Arms Control and Disarma-
merit Agency, today and said Mr. Adel-
man's Senate critics were 'smaller
than the person they're attacking."
"You bet I'm sticking by Mr. Adel-
man," the President said in response to
a question ata brief White House news
conference.
The nomination has been bogged
down in the Senate by weeks of contro-
versy about Mr. Adelman's' qualifica-
tions, with Democrats and Republicans
charging that his private memos con-
tradict his Senate testimony on the sub-
ject of a possible personnel purge at the
disarmament agency.
'Excellently Qualified''
"I think he is excellently qualified,"
the President said of his nominee, "and
I think that the fuss that has been raised
about him is, smacks of people smaller
than the person they're attacking." -
On a second question the President,
asked whether he would soon offer a
proposal for an interim reduction in
medium-range nuclear missiles, said,
"Tune in next week." He plans to make
a speech on the subject next Thursday
in Los Angeles.
This was the second time in four
weeks that Mr. Reagan has complained
of the delay and controversy in the Sen-
ate's consideration of Mr. Adelman.
Last month, the Senate Foreign Rela-
tions committee forwarded the nomina-
tion to the Senate floor with a recom-
mendation that it be rejected. The
President then denounced Senate 'crit-
ics of the nomination as' irresponsible"
and defended his right to choose his ewn
nominee te run the arms agency.
The latest dispute over Mr. Adelman
focuses on his testimony that he had not
thought "at all" about personnel
changes at the agency, Private memos
by Mr. Adelman, subsequently re-
leafed, depict him as having begun an
inquiry for more qualified personnel at
the agency and having 'referred to a
memo received from Edward L.
Rowny, the chief strategic arms nego-
tiator, that called for a "houseclean-
ing" at the agency.
President. Reagan, commenting on
those memos today, defended Mr. Adel-
man's behavior as "perfectly natural."
"How someone can be hung out to dry
fos having received a letter from some-
one else," the President said. "He
didn't write the letter, he received it."
"Isn't this natural," the President
continued, "that someone who is in the
position of assuming the directorship of
an agency or a department or commis
sion or whatever it might be, is going to
make inquiries of people on the scene
with regard to personnel and so forth?
And it was perfectly natural ? I've
done it myself ? that when the letter '
came he passed it to an aide, or one who
is collecting all the information, that be
would have to deal with it when he was
in the job."
Mr. Adelman, complaining that he
was being "unfairly maligned," has
said that reception of Mr? Rowny's
memo, was "unavoidable" but that
otherwise he has deferred all personnel
decisions until after Senate confirma-
tion. The Senate, which is still lookieg
into the matter, has put off debate and
vote on Mr. Adelman 's nomination until
next month.
Ad Is Forgiven, Peking
Tells a Tennis Defecto
--
PEKING, March 23 (AP) ? A For-
eign Ministry spokesman r said today
that a 19-year-old Chinese tennis player;
who defected to the United States last
summer would not be prosecuted if she
returned home.
The player, Hu Na, said last week
that threats from Chinese Communist
Party officials frightened her into seek-
ing asylum.
The spokesman said that if Miss Hu.
returned to China, she would be sent I
soon to play in an international tourna-1
in ent in Switzerland.
Miss Hu is still awaiting formal
United States approval of her applica-
tion for political asylum.
She said earlier this week that just be.
fore she left China to play in the Federa-
tion Cup tournament in Santa Clara,
Calif., last summer, high-ranking party
officials told her she was "embarress.
hiss" tbeCenamunist Party by refusing
to join.
rhee Foreign Ministry spokesman
said in a statement: "In recent years
mi Na frequently went abroad to take
part in international competition after
she was trained as a tennis player. The
Chinese Tennis Association has de-
clared that so long as Hu Na makes up
her mind and returns home, the associ-
ation will still send her to participate in
an international tournament to be held
in Switzerland in June this year. There-
fore the question of proseceting her did
not exist in the past nor will it arise
after her return to China."
Nicaragua Says Hondurans
qre Driven Off in a Battle
Continued From Page I
evidence available to reporters here.
This is believed to be because of the
' Honduran-based rebels' identification
with the unpopular national guard of the
Government of Anastasio Somoza De-
bayie, whieh the Sandinists overthrew
in 1979:
By contrast, a separate Costa Rica.
based exile movement, headed by a
popular former Sandinist corninander,
Eden Pastore Gomez, who hal rejected
an alliance with former national
guardsmen, appears more acceptable
to domestic critics of the Government.
This group has carried out no armed
actions to date, but Mr. Pastore, widely
known by his revotutionary name, Com-
, 'mender Zero, says he has a following in
the Saridinist army and intends to draw
on this to challenge the Sandinist Gov-
ernment. Aidee to Mr. Pastors said he
entered Nicaragua secretly this week to
start preparing for an uprising.
Sandinists Express Alarm
Although the Nicaraguan Democratic
Force, as the rebels based in Honduras
call themselves, is not thought to pose a
direct threat to the Government now,
Sandinist officials here have expressed
alarm at the gradual stepping up of the
conflict in northern Nicaragua. They
fear that infiltration of the 2,000 rebels
in recent months could foreshadow a
major effort, backed by the United
States and Honduras, to topple the Gov-
ernment.
Nicaragua protested tWice this week
that Honduran Army units fired on San-
dinist border outposts. Officials here
also charged that Honduras had mobi:
lized troops to its border with Nicara-
gua.-to protect rebel units forced to re-
treat into Honduras.
, Without extensive eupport from
abroad, even exile leaders acknowledge
that their forces are no match for the
Sandinists' 22,000-man army and 40,000-
member militia, which have been
trained by Cuban military advisers and
equipped with Soviet-made automatic
rifles and artillery.
Some diplomats here believe that
prolongation of the siomenng war
cpuld have indirect political repercus-
sions by making Nicaragua's economic
crisis worse. Nearly half the Govern-
ment's budget is already being spent on
the military, while rebel bands are ex-
pected to focns on economic sabotage
rather than direct military confronta-
tions with the Sandinist army in coming
months. ,
Much of the popular disaffection with
the Sandinists appears to stem from
worsening econcsic conditions as gaso-
- line, sugar, flour and. other products
have been brought under rationing. Dip-
lomats here said increased social hard-
ship, while not benefiting the rebels,
could further erede sympathy for the
Government.
At the same time, in the view pf many
diplomats," reports that the United
States Central Intelligence Agency, is
arming and training these rebels have
also enabled the Sandinists to stir up na-
tionalist sentimente and consolidate
their control over the country.
State of Emergency
Last March the Government declared
a state of emergency involving controls
on political activities as well as press
censorship.
In this period the Sandinists have
been able to strengthen their political
party apparatus, whinh includes a net-
work of grass-roots Sandinist "defense
committees." Many apolitical Nicara-
guan parents have also been forced to
take sides against the -rebels in that
their teen-age children have been sent
to northern combat zones as part of re-
serve militia battalions.
One casualty over the last year, diplo-
mats said, has been credibility in the
Sandinists' pledge to maintain political
pluralism. Although the Government
has reiterated its plan to hold elections
here in 1985, interviews with officials
suggest that the mood of the country is
now so polarized that even existing do-
mestic opposition parties are viewed by
officials as part of a bread "counter-
revolutionary" strategy.
Opposition Is Divided
But while the Government insists that
"there is only one counterrevolution,"
opposition groups are still divided, not
only between those operating out of
Honduras and Miami and followers of
Mr. Pastore in Costa Rica, but also be-
tween those abroad and the business,
political and church critics of the Gov-
ernment still in Nicaragua.
The Government has been able to
demonstrate that most armed actions
have been carried out by former na-
tional guardsmen, reviving, memories
of the brutality and corruption of the
Somoza Government.
As a result, the first politicians and
businessmen who broke with the San-
dinists in early '1980 avoided allianceS
with' either the National Liberation
Army or the 15th of September Legion
because of their links with the past. In-
stead, a former foe of General Somoza,
Fernando Chamorro Rapacciolli,
formed the Nicaraguan Democratic
Union,
In 1980 and 1981 these groups enjoyed
the support of the Honduran Army and
4rgentme military advisers, but the
Sendinists saw them as little more than
a military irritant that served the con-
(venient political purpose of creating the
specter of an outside enemy.
U.S. Aid to Rebels
- But in early 1982, according to both
Nicaraguan and United States officials,
the Reagan Administration became di-
rectly involved it r-''iI the
"counterrevolutionary" moveznenn
playing a key role in unifying several
exile groups into the Nicaraguan Demo-
cratie Force. Through the C.I.A., Wash-
onduras Denies Sandinist Charger:
The New York Times / March 28, 1983
Cross indicates border area where
fighting was reported.
ington also reportedly began providing
the rebels with weapons, uniforms,
communications equipment and money
for salaries.Because only forrner guardsmen had
military experience, they were placed
in key command posts,
.1411????.=41???????
Nicaraguan Welcomes Talks
Special to The New York Times
UNITED NATIONS, N.Y., March 25
? Deputy Foreign Minister Victor
Hugo Tinoco of Nicaragua told the Se-
cunty Council today that his country
would welcome direct talks with Hon-
duras over Nicaragua's charge that
2,000 insurgents hat1 infiltrated from
Honduran bases,
By STEPHEN KINZER
Special to The New York Times
TEGUCIGALPA, Honduras, Marc
25 ? The Honduran Foreign Minist
denied Nicaraguan charges today that
Honduran troops had crossed into Nica-
ragua in recent days.
"That is totally false," said Juan
Serra Fonseca, spokesman for Foreign
Minister Edgardo Paz Bernice. He said
Nicaragua's Sandinist Government had
tried to provoke a Honduran incursion
by moving 20 truckloads of soldiers to
"strategic positions" near the border.
- "The Government of Honduras has no
plans to send reinforcements to the bor-
der areas" Mr. Serra !Fonseca. said.
"We are continuing to seeR resolution of
this matter through purely diplomatic
channels."
A military source close to the Hondu-
ran. Atney said that there were nor-
mally, about 450 soldiers guarding the
475-mile border with Nicaragua and
that therelvas no indication the number
had been increased in the last week.
Honduran to Visit U.S.
The Honduran Government an-
nounced this afternoon that Mr. Paz
would visit the United States this week-
end to present his country's position to
the United Nations and the Organiza-
tion of American States.
After an eight-hour meeting Thurs-
day of the Honduran National Security
Council, which includes the nation's top
"A Classic is Forever"
Bob Lee's
GADJIT
Oat=
cATairr: ? ?
from our atelier
in France
military and civilian readers, Mr. Paz
said Honduras was "ready to defend the
territorial integrity and sovereignty of
the country."
He said Honduras was not involved in
the fighting inside Nicaragua, which he
described as "an internal conflict."
Military analysts and diplomats hern
said they doubted the two countries
would go to war because neither pos-
sesses the logistical capacity to sustain
a military offensive. On the streets of
this capital, no unusual movements
were seen and people said they ex-
pected the current dispute to fade away
soon. .
'Diversionary,' U.S. Envoy Says'
The United States Ambassador to
Honduras, John D. Negroponte, dis-
missed Nicaragua's assertions that it
was under attack as "a diversionary
tactic." He said it was designed to shift
attention away from what he called
more important regional questions, lik
She preeience of Cuban militaryeedvise
in Nicaragua' and the buildup o Sandi
1St military forc6S.
Mr. Negroponte asgerfed the fighti
said to be under way in Nicaragua
well inside Nicaraguan territory.
don't think the situation on the border i
any different from what it has been e
any time in the recent past," he sacli
Mr. Negroponte refused to commeti
on Nicaraguan charges and press r
ports that the insurgents have ben o
ganized, trained and financed by
United States.
The rebel radio station said -soda
that insurgents had inflicted 450
ties on Nicaraguan Government force
and had destroyed "dozens of vehicl
including a Soviet tank." It peedict
that the Sandinist regime, wleich
called a "Marxist dictatorship," woe!
fall within six months. 4
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