SOME DATA ON USSR CROPS AND HARVESTS, AS OF JANUARY - FEBRUARY 1951

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00809A000700050049-1
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 8
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: September 22, 2011
• Sequence Number: 49
• Publication Date: March 14, 1952
• Content Type: REPORT

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COUNTRY
SUBJECT
HOW
PUBLISHED
WHERE
PUBLISHED
DATE
PUBLISHED
IJINGUAGE
CLASSIFICATION COIIFIDEUTIAL
SECURITY INFORMATION'r,OlFJDE
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCNNvv
INFORMATION FROM
FOREIGN DOCUMENTS OR RADIO BROADCASTS CD NO.
Economic - Agricultural production
Daily newspapers
USSR
3 Jan - 28 Feb 1951
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INFORMATION 1950 - 1951
DATE DIST. If mar 1952
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
SOME DATA ON USSR CROPS AND HARVESTS,
AS OF JANUARY - FEBRUARY 1951
umbers in parentheses refer to appended sources]
In 1950, there were more than 8,4oo MIS servicing kolkhozes in the USSR.
Tractor production in the USSR in 1950 was four times that of 1940, production
of combines 3.8 times, and production of tractor seeders almost six times.(l)
In 1950, kolkhozes and sovkhozes of the USSR received 180,000 tractors (in terms
of the standard 15-horsepower unit), 46,000 combines, and 82,000 trucks.(2)
The USSR produced more than three times as many tractor cultivators in 1950 as
in 1940..(3) During the Fourth Five-Year Plan, USSR agriculture received more
than 325,000 tractors (these were much more powerful units than those manufac-
tured before the war; expressed in terms of 15-horsepower units they were equiv-
alent to more than 700,000 tractors), and 175,000 combines.(4)
During the Fourth Five-Year Plan, all MPS and sovkhozes and 70,000 kol-
khozes in the USSR were electrified.(4)
The total sown area for all crops in the USSR in 1950 was extended 6.6 mil-
lion hectares over 194945) Assigned crop yields for the USSR in 1951 are as
follows: grains 15.5-17.7 quintals per hectare, spring wheat 14.5-16.5, flax
fiber 4.4-4.8, and sugar beets 210-250.(6)
In spring 1951, 10.5 million hectares sown to winter crops in fall 1950
will be harrowed and provided with supplemental fertilization, and artificial
pollination will be carried out on 15 million hectares of rye, maize, sunflowers,
buckwheat, and alfalfa.(7)
TIM
CONFIDFN I
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CCiTr'ID.!r'TLA.::, CONFIDENT]
In 1950, there were 56 MTS in the repuhlic.(3) The volume of work Der-
formed 1" MTs in the republic in 1950 was 1.3.7'times that performed in
1945?(9)
In 1950, the population of Estonia received 74 percent more meat products,
more than 3.7 times the amount of animal fats, and 124 percent more milk prod-
ucts than in 1949.(10)
During the period 1945 - 1950 the sown area in the republic was extended
116,000 hectares. During 1950 alone, the sown area in kolkhozes increased 22.1
percent, of which grains accounted for 16.4 percent and fodder crops 30.4 per-
cent.(11) More than 90 percent of the peasant households in the republic have
been taken into kolkhozes. After the consolidation of kolkhozes which took
place in 1950, their number decreased from 1,217 to 502. The average amount of
plowland per kolkhoz was 191 hectares until consolidation, and 443 hectares af-
ter consolidation.(12) Tote that, according to these figures, the total amount
of plowland available to Estonian SSR kolkhozes decreased with consolidation
from 232,447 to 222,386 hectares--7
By the end of .'950, there were 88 MTS in the republic, and 12 more will be
set up before spring 1951. The 1950 capacity of the republic tractor park was
seven times that of 1945, and the volume of tractor work performed increased 14
times over the same period.(l3) At the end of 1950 there were 1,827 kolkhozes
in the republic; before consoliaation there were 4,118.(14)
The area sown to grains in the republic in 1949 was 15 percent larger than
in 1945, the area sown to flax 73 percent larger, and the area sown to sugar
beets and potatoes 54 percent larger.(15)
Lithuanian SSR
There are 113 MTS in the republic.(16) In 1950, the republic received
1,800 tractors.(17)
Approximately 60 percent of the land favorable for agriculture in the re-
public needs land improvement work.(18' During 7.951, 240,000 tons of
various mineral fertilizers will be provided kolkhozes and sovkhozes of the re-
public. Mechanization of field work increased 12.75 times from 1947 to 1950,
the number of tractors increased 8.35 times, and the number of tractor seeders
increased 13.42 times. In 1950, kolkhozes of the republic used 64 percent more
mineral fertilizer than in 1949.(19)
More than 90 percent of peasant households in the republic have been taken
into kolkhozes. At the beginning of 1951 there were 1,560 consolidated kolkhozes
in Lithuanian SSR.
The following increases in sown area over 1950 are planned by the end of
1955: wheat 84 percent, fiber flax 45, and sugar beets 25.(20)
Belorussian SSR
There are 387 MTS in the republic.(21) The MTS tractor park increased 50
percent during 1950.(22) The capacity of the republic MTS tractor park in 1950
was four times that of 1945, and 35 percent more than prewar.(23)
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CONFIDENTI
By the end of February 1951, 85 percent of all peasant households in the
republic were ko2khozes.(24)
In 1950, the sown area in kolkhozes of the republic exceeded the prewar
level by 16.7 percent.(25) The area sown to flax by kolkhozes of the republic
in 1950 was extended 76,000 hectares over 1949.(26) During the Fourth Five-
Year Plan the sown area in the republic increased 32.5 percent, and the area
sown to industrial crops increased three times.(24)
Procurement of flax in the republic during January and February 1951 (in
percent of the 1950 plan) is shown in the following table:
Oblast 1 Jan 27 15 Jan (28) 1 Feb 29
) 15 Feb (30)
Mogilev
Minsk
59.6
57
2
62.4
6
64.1
65.8
Gomel'
.
75
3
0.7
58.
65.8
Poles'ye
.
4
53
57.1
6
58.1 9
58.5
Molodechno
.
51
9
.3
5
4
58.9
59.5
Bobruysk
.
57.
61.1
2
63
B
53.2
.
rest lotak
Po
43.1
9.4
58.6
60.4
Grodno
34
9
4
9'
55.6
6.8
Vitebsk
.
34 5
39.6
42.8
46.8
Pinsk
33
5
39.6
43.6
46.2
Baranovichi
.
;o
0
35.3
35.9
35.9
.
33.2
36.0
38.1
Ukrainian SSR
There are approximately 1,300 MTS in the republic-01)
In 1950 in Kiev Oblast winter crops were shown to 55,800 more hectares than
in 1949.(32) es of as thehresult ofareutilizata in
increaseOfd
peasant households in the western oblasts. Appreciable changes occurred I0
the
structure of the sown area. The area sown to winter wheat was greatly increased
in comparison with 1949, the area sown co maize was increased 2.8 times, the
area sown to cotton three times, and the area sown to fodder crops by more than
one million hectares-03)
In 1950, the republic delivered 32.2 million more quintals of sugar beets
to super plants and sugar beet procurement points than in 1949. K'lkhozes of
Chernovitsy Oblast had an aver.." sugar-beet yield of 247.5 quintals per hectare in
1950, kolkhozes of Odessa Oblast 234.5, and kolkhozes of Kirovograd Oblast 207. (34)
Moldavian SSR
The 1.950 sugar-beet harvest in the republic was 1,100,000 quintals more
than in 1949.(35) The area sown to cotton in the republic increased ten times
in 1950.(36) In 1950, kolkhozes of the republic threshed 1.5 times the amount
of grain they did in 1949. The area planted to fruits and vegetables in the
republic increased 5,800 hectares in 1950.(37)
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aboveThhe4ooss grain and legumes harvest for the republic in 1950 was 65 percent
9 (3) In 1950, kolkhozes of the republic plowed 14 percent more "zyab"
nand ploughed in the fall for sowing the following apring7 than in fall 1949,
and sowed winter crops to an area 28 percent greater than in 1949, including a
35-percent increase in winter wheat acreage.(2)
At the beginning of 1950, citrus plantations occupied 27,331 hectares in
the republic. In 1948, the republic gave the state 43,207 tons of grapes, and
in 1949, 56,200 tons. The 1940 crop totaled 36,200 tons. In 1949, the area
occupied by short-stem vineyards (nizkostvol'nyye vinogradniki) was 52,000 hec-
tares. In 1950, the republic harvested 83,700 tons of green tea leaves.
(39)
There are 46 MTS in Armenian SSR at present, and 60 percent of the kolkhozee
in the republic have been electrified.(4) In 1950, the republic gave the state
19,174 more quintals of cotton than in 1949.(40)
As compared with 1940, republic production was up as follows in 1949:
cotton 135 per-ent, tobacco 240 percent, sugar beets 274 percent, and potatoes
321 percent. la 1950, the republic gave the state 320,000 more pad of grain
than in 1949.(41)
Azerbaydzban SSR
The 1949 cotton crop in the republic was 37,000 metric tons larger than
prewar. The cotton crop doubled between 1946 and 1949.(42)
During 1950, MTS carried out 15 percent more work in kolkhozea of the re-
public than in 1949. RSFSR kolkhozes used combines to reap more than 50 percent
of the area sown to grains.(43) During 1950, the number of combines available
to MPS of Leningrad Oblast tripled.(l) There are 1,541 kolkhozes in Moscow
Oblast.(44)
The area sown to all crops in the RSFSR in 1950 was 5.8 million hectares
larger than in 1949.(45)
Leningrad Oblast has pledged the following crop yields for 1951: grains 15
quintals per hectare, potatoes 16 metric tons per hectare, and vegetables 25
metric tons per hectare.(46)
in 1950 the total sown area in the republic was almost one million hectares
more than in 1940. The republic delivered 22.9 million more pud of grain in
1950 than in 1949, and 44.3 million more pud than in 1940.
In 1950, the total number of agricultural machines available increased 45
percent over 1949. The total volume of tractor work increased 9.3 percent over
1949, although the 1950 plan for tractor work was fulfilled only 88.2 percent.
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CONFIDENTIAL C,NFIDEN
Kolkhozes and sovkhozes of the republic received 246,000 more metric tons of min-
eral fertilizer in 1950 than in 1949.(48) In 1950 in Tashkent Oblast the aver-
age amount of nitrogen applied to one hectare of cotton land was 83 kilograms,
and phosphorus 74 kilograms.(49)
The republic delivered 30 percent more raw cotton to the state in 1950
than in 1949. In 1950, 620 kolkhozes obtained cotton yields of more than 25
quintals per hectare (48), and 165 kolkhozes obtained cotton yields of 40 or
more quintals per hectare.(50) However, 52 of 137 cotton-growing rayons did
not fulfill the 1950 plan, and 9 of 19 sovkhozes. In Tashkent Oblast 362 of
388 kolkhozes did not fulfill the 1950 cotton-procurement plan, in Kara-Kalpak
ASSR 105 of 206, in Khorezm Oblast 123 of 320, in Andizhan Oblast 319 of 354,
and in Surkhan-Darya Oblast almost half of the kolkhozes.(49) Bukhara Oblast
was the only oblast in the republic which did not fulfill the 1950 plan.(51)
Fergana Oblast fulfilled the plan 106.3 percent, but Kirovskiy, Kuvasayskiy,
Tashlakskiy, Buadil skiy, and Kuvinskiy rayons, and 112 kolkhozes did not ful-
fill the plan.(52) All rayons of Andizhan Oblast fulfilled the plan, but al-
though Namangan Oblast fulfilled the plan as a whole, Chustskiy and Narynekiy
rayons and 71 lolkhozes did not. 53) Samarkand Oblast fulfilled the plan, but
216 of its kolkhozes did not.(54)
The Knikho? +?^rni Stalin, Andizhanslciy Rayon, Andizhan Oblast, has had the
following yields, in quintals per hectare, during the last 4 years:
Crop
1947
1948
1949
1950
Cotton
23.9
40.3
37.6
45.0
Uncleaned rice
35.2
56.7
46.0
49.0
Vegetables
75.0
87.0
88.9
88.0
Alfalfa
35.6
39.8
37.7
48.0
(55)
Turkmen SSR
Kolkhozes of the republic used 87,000 metric tons of mineral fertilizer for
the 1950 crop; this was 75 percent more than in 1949.(56)
In 1950, the cotton-procurement plan for the republic was fulfilled 104.65
percent .(57) Kolkhozes of the republic gave the state 65,000 more metric tons
of cotton in 1950 than in 1940. Yields averaged 3 quintals per hectare more
than in 1949, and 4.3 more than in 1940. Ashkhabad Oblast fulfilled the 1950
plan 176.6 percent, Tasbauz Oblast 111.9 percent, and Chardzhou Oblast 102.9
percent.(56) In the republic as a whole, 16 rayons and 216 kolkhozes did not
fulfill the 1950 plan. Many such kolkhozes were in Mary Oblast (58), although
there are 113 millionaire kolkhozes in Mary Oblast.(59)Rayons not fulfilling
the 1950 cotton-procurement plan were! Kaakhinskiy, Vekil'-Bazarskiy, Bayram-
Aliyskiy, Turkmen-Kalinskiy, Sakar-Chaginskiy, Stalinskiy, Kuytyshevskiy, Takhta-
Bazarskiy, Molotovskiy, Sakarskiy, Sayatskiy, Charchanginskiy, Khodzhambasskiy,
Burdalykskiy, and Tasbauzskiy.(56)
Both the area sown to vegetables and their yield decreased in the republic
in 1950. The 1950 plan for planting vegetables was fulfilled only 56.82 per-
cent, including potatoes only 36.7 percent. In Mary Oblast the plan for plant-
ing vegetables was fulfilled 57 percent, including late cabbages 25 percent, and
potatoes 22 percent; 16 percent of the area actually planted to vegetables per-
ished due to lack of care. The irrigated area occupied by vegetables in the
republic has decreased by half during the last 8 years, and the area occupied by
potatoes has decreased by one third.(60)
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.CONFl?ENTIAM
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The 1950 gross grain harvest in the republic exceeded that of 1940 by 25.2
Dercent. +h. inc" ---- -- _
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Kirgiz SSR
1. Leningradskaya Pravda, 10 Jan 51
2. Ibid., 9 Feb 51
3. Tal].in, Sovetskaya Eatoniya, 24 Jan 51
4. Yerevan, Kommunist, 2 Feb 51
5. Riga, Sovetskaya Iatviya, 6 Feb 51
6. Vi1'nyus, Sovetskaya Litva, 14 Feb 51
7. Alma-Ata, Kazakhatanskaya Pravda, 14 Feb 51
8. Petrozavodak, Leninakoye Znamya, 17 Jan 51
9. Sovetskaya Estoniya, 11 Feb 51
10. Ibid., 2 Feb 51
11. Ibid., 16 Feb 51
12. Ibid., 6 Jan 51
13. Moscow, Trud, 3 Feb 51
14. Sovetskaya Estoniya, 13 Jan 51
15. Sovetskaya Latviya, 7 Feb 51
16. Moscow, Moskovakiy Komsomolets, 18 Jan 51
17. Sovetskaya Litva, 18 Feb 51
18. Ibid., 6 Feb 51
19. Ibid., 5 Jan 51
20. Trud, 19 Feb 51
21. Ibid., 24-Feb 51
22. Kishinev Sovetskaya Moldaviya, 11 Feb 51
23. Minsk, Sovetskaya gelorussiya, 9 Fob 51
24. Ibid., 28 Feb 51
25. Ibid., 3 Feb 51
26. Ibid., 5 Jan 51
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49. Ibid., 17 Feb 51
50. Ibid., 21 Feb 51
51. Ibid., 19 Jan 51
52. Ibid., 24 Feb 51
53. Ibid., 2 Feb 51
54. Ibid., 4 Feb 51
55. Ibid., 6 Feb 51
56. Ashkhabad, Turkmenskaya
27. Ibid., 3 Jan 51
28. Ibid., 17 Jan 51
29. Ibid., 2 Feb 51
30. Ibid., 18 Feb 51
31. Sovetskaya Latviya, 22 Feb 51
32. Kiev, Pravda Ukrainy, 13 Feb 51
33. Ibid., 31 Jan 51
34. Ibid., 15 Feb 51
35. Sovetskaya Moldaviya, 22 Feb 51
36. Ibid., 26 Jan 51
37. Leningradskaya Pravda, 6 Jan 51
38. Tbilisi, Zarya Vostoka, 25 Feb 51
39. Sovetskaya Iatviya, 25 Feb 51
40. Baku, Bakins~yy RabochiY, 5 Jan 51
41. Sovetskaya Estoniya, 16 Jan 51
42. Konmmurist, 16 Feb 51
43. Sovetskaya Estoniya, 17 Feb 51
44. Moscow, Moskovskaya Pravda, 7 "eb 51
45. Koni unist, 14 Feb 51
46. Leningradskaya Pravda, 4 Jan 51
47. Sovetskaya Latviya, 14 Feb 51
48. Tashkent, Pravda Vostoka, 15 Feb 51
conFIoEnn
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57.
58.
59.
60.
Ibid., 9 Feb 51
Ibid., 6 Jan 51
Ibid., 24 Jan 51
Frunze, Sovetskaya Kirgiziya, 9 Jaa 51
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