SCIENTIFIC; ECONOMIC - TELEMECHANICS

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00809A000600220244-7
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 6
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: June 27, 2011
• Sequence Number: 244
• Publication Date: April 15, 1949
• Content Type: REPORT

Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/06/28: CIA-RDP80-00809A000600220244-7
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CENTRP' 'NTELLIGUMAIAL P" OR1
IWJRMATION FROM
FOREIGN DOCUMENTS OR RADIO BROADCASTS CO NO.
Scientific; Economic - ".eleiecher,l:a
Bimonthly periodical
Moscow
oat 1947 _
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DATE OF
INFORMATION 1947
DATE DIST.jS'Apr 1949
NO. OF PAGES 6
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION
SOURCE Attaeatika i Tlemekhanika, No 5, 1947. (k?UB Per Abe 4oT88 --
ans on reques e
fMWPMNNT OF THE TST HAIi1CS INDJSTRY
331 TM USSR
M. A. Gavri.lov
Telsmechanios is one of the young branches of electrotechnics which has been
1evilOped only recently. In the USSR the first practical and efficient teleme-
ohanic installations for industrial purposes appeared in 1932-1934. Despite the
short time, the technique of -olemeohanics has reached a highly-developed state,
and Soviet speoial"ste have obtained important results both theoretically and in
the practical development of telemechanical installations.
The necessity for a wide application of teleaechasics is explained, fl dt,
by the fact that telaasohaaical installations, for remote control, long-distance
signaling and telemetry, a:e becoming more necessary organically in directing and
oontrolling msaern :sCmstriai enterprises and system. The progressive use of
automatic production processes, connected with reducing or ocmpletely eliminating
maal7ser by industrial machinery, has increased the demand for centralized con-
trol and direction. To accomplish this, oons?dering the enormous extent of pres-
ent-day Industrial enterprises, teleaeohanical methods must be applied.
Wide application of teleaechanioal installations Is also necessitated b,,i the
progressive introduotien of continuous-production methods which require employ-
neat of centraltze& control and direction to soordinate joint operr'ions in indi-
vidual nits or plants, Telemeohanloal installation.) are also neoe.eary in di-
reotiag and controlling systems covering a large territory, such as power and
water sipply systems, long oil and. gas pipe links, etc.
Moreover, the use of teleaeehanloal installations makes it porlible to safe-
guard workers by enabliig then to carry o-i directlon and control at a distance'
from machinery which must be installed in places where a worker could not be
stationed.
The technical and. economic effect of the application of teleaschanioal
instt. at:ous has been of great importance- in their development. As a result of
the elimination or reduction of P -,n power art the economies thus affected in ,
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workers' waged end acccmrt,_1et _no, 'he :eau' i.cr ct tel.emc-hrnicil methods
of directing and controlling now, more efficient technological procedures, the
additional expense involved in telemechanical control usually pays for itself
within a year or two. This makes such installations very profitable.
The greatest use of telemechanical apparatus is in power installations.
At present, the great network of electric power stations and substations for
parallel operation, the creation of a great number of huge net power systems
serving areas covering thousands of tiloyneters, require extensive utilization
of telemechanical installations which form complex systems for remote control
and telemetry. The use of telomechanics, moreover, is practical for smaller
municipal networks as well. In the USSR iuri..g the war, plans were made for
extensive application of telemechanics in centralizing and directing power Sys-
tems in many large metallurgical plants. Telemechanioal equipment should be
extensively employed in municipal water and drainage systems and in trolley
track networks to direct traction substations, in street-lighting systems, etc.
Telemeoranioal installations are also extensively used in rail transport
to direct the traction substations of electrified railroads and underground
railroads, to control switches and road signals and to transmit signals to
locomotives (cab-signaling and autoregulation). The present tendency is to
run substations without attendants, under full telemechanical control and di-
rection from a central point. There are now many such automatic, remote con-
trol traction substations in the USSR.
Finally, telemechanic apparatus began to be employed recently in air trans-
port for remote control of numerous landing and take-off signals at large modern
airdromes.
The great expansion of functions of telemechanics and the increased com-
plexity of telemsohanic systems characterize the present state of the technique.
Whereas such inetaLatlone were previously used in individual, isolated plants
to carry out comparatively restricted functions, they are now often employed to
combine individual industrial units and plants in complex cooperative systems.
An example of such a complex system is the telemetric integrating instru-
ments which regulate the work o' individual installations forming part of a eye-
tem and which depend upon the total amount of work of all the systems as a
whole. Other a emples are instruments for the automatic (remote) regulation of
power distribution. At present the operation of huge uombined power systems is
based largely on these instruments. As an indication of the scale on which such
appliances are used, we ;eight point out that, to have long-distance regulation
in one of the huge combined power systems in the US, it was necessary to inctall
more than 60 telemetric setups.
Telemechanical operations in the USSR were conducted at first on a purely
prastioal besis and were directed toward Korking out telemechanical setups for
various industrial uses. These operations rare carried on in a number of indus-
trial and scientific research organizations. Ao a result, domestic remote non
t-ol and telenetric systems were created to equip a largo number of plants and
system s
In the remote control field, ;;wo a,,eeial trends should be noted in t';e work
accomplished by various groups of specialists. The first group worked on dis-
tributive-type remote control appliances, on the basis of the standard telephone
apparatus. The first remote control installation made by this group, and the
first set up in the USSR, was developed i,i 1934 order the direction of Engineer
M. A. Gavrilov in the industrial laboratory of one of the large power systems.
This installation used polar signals and was set up in a power system to act as
a signal tranemitte- from a 110-kilovolt-network substation to the central dis-
patching center. later improved remote control. appliances using time signals
were developed in the same installation by engineer R. L. Rayues, K. I. Faret-
eki end n. T. Kprnetsoa. Thee- appliances are now widely used. This type, in
50X1-HUM
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particular, forms part of icontro1) center of
one of the great USSR water F. isnizei center. Fran
this center, control Is ever p?yping stations
and one hydrostation, supplied by lap, i,.e-acoe signaling and telemetry. The
number of installations under remote :,:ntr