ACHIEVEMENTS IN MAGNETOBIOLOGY

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP88B01125R000300120010-0
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: U
• Document Page Count: 5
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: May 10, 2012
• Sequence Number: 10
• Content Type: REPORT

STAT
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PUBLICATIONS
ACHIEVEMENTS IN'MAGNET0BI0LOGY
Moscow REARTSIYA BIOLOGICHESKIKH SISTEM NA MAGNITNYYE POLYA (Responses of
Biological Systems to Magnetic Fields) in Russian 19.78-,signed to press 24
Feb 78 pp 3-5 and table of contents
[Introductory article by Yu. A. Kholodov, Institute of Higher Nervous Activ-
ity and Neurophysiology, USSR Academy of Sciences, Moscow: "Achievements in
Nagnetobiology", and table of contents from the above collection, Nauka,
2250 copies]
[Text] Only six years have elapsed since the publication of the first col-
lection of articles on magnetobiology [1] by the Scientific Council on the
Complex Problem "Cybernetics" of the USSR Academy of Sciences, but there
appeared many publications on this problem during this time (particularly
in the USSR). All-Union Symposiums on Individual Problems of.Magnetobiology
were held in Moscow (1971, 1972, 1974), Baku (1972), Belgorod (1973), Frunze
(1974), Leningrad (1975), Kaliningrad (1975), and Yalta (1975) [1-4, 7, 8,
13, 15]. Monographs were published [5,6,14,16-18] and survey articles were
written [9,10]. Dozens of dissertations on individual problems of the bio-
logical effects of magnetic -fields '(MF) were defended, which indicates the de-
velopment of this branch of biophysics in our country.
At present, there exist not less than 2000 published sources on the biologi-
cal effects of NF. Magnetobiology is discussed in textbooks [12,20] and in
encyclopedias [11, 19].
Practically no one doubts the biological effect of MF, but the question of
how this effect is realized has not yet been answered satisfactorily. There-
fore, the mechanism of the MF effect on biological systems received primary
emphasis, in the articles of this collection. In essence, each author gives
some attention to this basic problem of magnetobiology, but articles treat-
ing exclusively this problem are included in the first section of this col-
lection. The authors of the articles in this section are of physicochemical
specialization. Each of them stresses the aspect which is the most important
in his opinion in the many-sided process of the interaction of MF with bio-
logical objects, maps out various approaches to the solution of this impor-
tant problem, and lays the foundation of a general theory of primary mechan-
isms (it is clear that there are more than one) of the biological effects of
rF .
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The second partbf the collection is written by physicians and biologists
who focused their attention on the properties of biosystems (whether it is
a mitochondrion or a? population of organisms). Here, an NF often plays
the.role of a convenient instrument for studying a biosystem, although
the ecological role of this physical factor is already reflected in some
works. It is regrettable that the effects of weakened magnetic fields (FLT)
on biological objects have not been sufficiently studied, and the role of
biomagnetic fields in the functioning of biological systems and in magneto-
biological responses is still not clearly understood.
It is shown that organisms react to MF both through reflexes, just as to
other stimulants; and directly, since MF have a penetrating effect and can
act directly on the central nervous system. The second route of influence
was demonstrated in experiments with isolated preparations.of the central ner-
vous systems of mammals and with surviving nervous systems of invertebrates.
It is interesting that the isolated central nervous system responded to MF
better than the intact system [18].
We should also mention the third route of MF effects on the organism which
is indirect in nature. The point is that aqueous solutions of many sub-
stances, including drinking water and solutions of pharmacological prepara-
tions, change their biological properties after treatment in MF [6].
Thus, by redirecting the effects, the researcher can vary the degree. of the
influence of the same HF on a biological object for the purpose of control.
The length of exposure also contributes to the nature of the response to an
HF which is characterized by a long latent period and considerable after-
effects. In the case e intermittent exposure, the summation of the effects
is observed, which is used in physiotherapy [12], and when the exposure time
is increased, adaptation is observed. However, the ultimate biological ef-
fect is determined not only by localization and length of exposure, but al-
so by the characteristics of the biological object itself.
At the organism level, the response to the HF is determined by the specific
and genetic characteristics, age (young organisms, particularly embryos,
are sensitive to HF), sex (males are more sensitive than females), individual
characteristics, and the functional state.
The above information shows which elements of the biological system are most
vulnerable to the magnetic effect,. but do not determine the degree of the
biotrop?ism of individual parameters of this effect,
The characteristics of the biological effectiveness of some MF parameters
are treated in the third section of the collection. It was written by authors
with engineering specialization. It is hoped that the information given in
this section will help in raising the methodological level of magnetobiolo-
gical experiments in which only the magnetic field intensity was mentioned
most frequently.
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It is also necessary to indicate the ME gradient and vector, and for variable
MF, the frequency and the.pulse shape should be given. The length of exposure
to the MF and its localization also determine the. value of the biological
effect.
The above discussions dealt with biological effects at fixed MF parameters.
It was shown that the effectiveness of exposure increases if one or several
parameters of the effect are varied during the exposure [19]. For example,
an intermitteit effect is stronger than a continuous effect, and the effect'
of changing frequency is stronger than the effect of fixed frequency, etc.
It should be concluded that, by artificially changing the MF parameters, one
can, to a certain degree, control the behavior of the organism, influencing
in a contactless way its regulation systems.. -
The ultimate goal of magnetobiological studies -- the possibility of control-
ling the activities of biosystems -- can be accomplished by including feed-
back in the circuit of the automated controlled experiment. The materials
of this collection have outlined the ways of achieving this goal. It is
hoped-that the complex theoretical and practical problems of magnetobiology
will be solved through joint efforts of various specialists.
Bibliography
1. "Effects of Artificial Magnetic Fields on Living Organisms." 1972.
Materials of All-Union Symposium, Baku.
2. "Effects of Natural and.Weak Artificial Magnetic Fields on Biological
Objects." 1973. Materials of All-Union Symposium, Belgorod.
3. "Effects of Magnetic Fields on Biological Objects." 1975. Materials
of the III All-Union Symposium, Kaliningrad.
4. "Hygienic Evaluation of Magnetic Fields. 1972." Materials of the Sym-
posium, Moscow. V
5. Dubrov, A. P. 1974. "Geomagnitnoye pole i zhizn "' [Geomagnetic Field
and Life], Leningrad, Gidrometeoizdat.
6. Klassen, V. I. 1973, "Voda i magnit" [Water and Magnet], Moscow, Nauka.
7. "Space and Evolution of Organisms." 1974. Conference Materials, Moscow.
8."M4agnitnoye pole v meditsine" [The Magnetic Field in Medicine]. 1974.
TRUDY KIRG MED IN-TA [Proceedings of the Kirghiz Medical Institute],
Frunze, 100.
9. Maykelson, S. M. 1975. "Radio-Frequency Radiation. Magnetic and Elec-
tric Fields," in the collection: "Oznovy kosmicheskoy biologii i meditsi-n
[Fundamentals of Space Biology and Medicine], Vol 2, Book 2, Moscow,
Nauka, p 9.
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FOR. OFFICIAL USE ONLY
10. Nakhil'nits"kaya, Z. N. 1974. "Biological Effects of Magnetic Fields,"
KOSMICI1ESKAYA BIOLOGIYA I AVIAKOSMICHESKAYA MEDITSINA [Space Biology
and Aerospace Medicine], No 6, p 3.
11. Novitskiy, Yu. I. 1973. "Magnetobiology," "Detskaya entsiklopediya"
[Children's Encyclopedia], Moscow, Pedagogika, p 62.
12. Pasynkov, Ye. I. 1975.. "Fizioterapiya" [Physiotherapy], Moscow, Medi-
tsina.
13. "Responses of Biological Systems to Weak Magnetic Fields." 1971. Sym-
posium Materials, Moscow.
14. Travkin, M. P. 1971. "Zhizn' i magnitnoye pole" [Life and the Magnetic
Field], Belgorod.
15. "Physicomathematical and Biological Problems of the Effects of Electro-
magnetic Fields and Air Ionization." 1975. Materials of the All-Union
Scientific and Technical Symposium, Moscow, Nauka.
16. Kholodov, Yu. A.. 1970. "Magnetizm v biologii" [Magnetism in Biology],
Moscow, Nauka.
17. Kholodov, Yu. A. "Chelovek v magnitnoy pautine" [Man in a Magnetic
Cobweb], Moscow, Znaniye.
18. Kholodov, Yu. A. "Reaktsii nervnoy sistemy na elektromagnitnyye polya"
[Responses of the Nervous System to Electromagnetic Fields], Moscow,
Nauka.
19. Kholodov, Yu. A. 1974. "Magnetobiology" BSE [Great Soviet Encyclopedia],
Vol 15, p 167.
20. Beier, W. 1975. Biophysik, VEB Gorg Thieme. Leipzig.
Achievements in Magnetobiology. Yu. A. Kholodov
Physicoochemical Principles of Primary Mechamisms of the
Biological Effects of the Magnetic Field. V.1%1.
Aristarkhov, L. A. Piruzyan, V. P. Tsybyshev
Magnetohydrodynamic and Electr.ohydrodynamic Effects in the
Mechamisms of Magnetic Fields Acting Upon Biological
Objects. Ye. Z. Gak, G. P. Komarov, M. Z. Oak
Some Special Characteristics of the Effects of Pulsed Magnetic
Fields on Conductive Liquids and Biological Systems. Yu. V.
Berlin, G. M. Buvin, V. I. Bel'kevich, Ye. Z. Gak
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Some Biochemical Aspects of the Effects of Weak Low-Frequency
Magnetic Fields. R. N. Pavlova, N. I. Muzalevskaya, V. V.
Sokolovskiy
Destabilization of Nonequilibrium Processes as the Basis of the
Overall Mechamism of the Biological.Effects of Magnetic
Fields. G. F. Plekhanov
Bioenergetics and the Regulating Systems of the Organism Under
the Effect of Magnetic Fields, M.A. Shishlo, S. Kh. Kubli,
V. P. Nuzhnyy
Magnetosensitivity of Microorganisms. S. A. Pavlovich
Responses of Plants to Magnetic Fields. Yu. I. Novitskiy
Magnetic Fields, Adaptation Responses, and Resistance of
the Organism. L. Kh. Garkavi, Ye. B. Kvakina,M. A.
Ukolova
Effects of Magnetic Fields on the Blood System and Blood
Circulation. R. P. Kikut
Psychophysiological Analysis of the Responses of the Nervous
System to Magnetic Fields. Yu. A. Kholodov
Effects of Magnetic Fields on Natural Populations. M. P.
Travkin
Studies on the Biotropism of the Parameters of a Weak Magnetic
Field of the Ultralow Frequency Range. N. I. Muzalevskaya,
G. D. Shushkov
Magnetophori and Magnetophorus Devices. A. S. Fefer
COPYRIGHT: Izdatel'stvo "Nauka", 1978
10, 233 0
CSO: 8144
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