THE 45-HORSEPOWER URSUS POLISH TRACTOR

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00809A000700070299-2
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: R
• Document Page Count: 3
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: August 19, 2011
• Sequence Number: 299
• Publication Date: July 15, 1958
• Content Type: REPORT

Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/08/19: CIA-RDP80-00809A000700070299-2
CLASSIFICATION RESTRICTED
SECURITY INFORMATION
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY REPORT
INFORMATION FROM
FOREIGN DOCUMENTS OR RADIO BROADCASTS CD NO.
COUNTRY
Poland DATE OF
INFORMATION
1947
SUBJECT
HOW
Economic; Technological - Farm machinery
DATE DIST.
15 Jul 195?
^PUBLISHED
WHEgE
PUBLISHED
Monthly periodical
NO. OF PAGES
3
DATE
-PUBLISHED
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SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
Engr M. Krainski, production chief
Ursus State Tractor Factory
An agricultural tractor produced entirely in Poland by the Ursus State
Engineering Plant was exhibited at this year's industrial fair in Poznan. The
tractor, trade-marked Ursus, has a single cylinder, medium compression, and a
two-stroke engine of 45 horsepower with hot-bulb ignition. This type of
design definitely increases the weight of the engine in proportion to its power
and may be used only in tractors where a relatively heavy vehicle is desired.
T.1' keynote of this engine is simplicity, which facilitates servicing consi-
derably. It operates satisfactorily on lover grade oils and stands up under
longer periods of operation without requiring repairs. Because of this, it is
more suitable than other types for Polish domestic requirements. The fuel
consumption is somewhat higher than for high-compression diesel engines with
comparable horsepower. However, the simplicity in design, which results in'
much lower costs, makes up for this.
This type of engine has found wide acceptance almost all over the world.
It is used in tractors made by Lanz, a German firm, three Italian, one French,
one Hungarian, and one Australian company.
The block case, cylinder, and crankcase are a single unit, forming a
solid frame for the chassis, to which all other assemblies are attached.
The tractor, strictly an agricultural. machine, has iron wheels; the
rear wheels are equipped with steel spurs. It has no electrical equipment
and must therefore be started by heating the hot bulb with a special gaso-
line lamp.
Because this tractor was designed for universal purposes, it has six
gears in one gear box (three gears for field operation and three faster gears
for road travel) and a front axle with a spring. The tractor may be equipped
with an ordinary fuel pump or with a special type having an additional injec-
tion of gasoline for starting.
SrYAlE
ARMY
NAVINSRO
I FBI
AIR
DISTRIBUTION I
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STAT
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By substituting rubber-tired wheels for the metal ones, adding a lever to
the reduction gear, and adding the electrical equipment (which has already been
designed), the tractor can be utilized for road transport. However, present
difficulties in the production of suitable tires compel the factory to limit its
output during the current year to farm tractors only.
All parts of the Ursus and the Lanz tractors, widely used in Poland, are
completely intLrchangeable. This is true even for certain parts of different
design.
Beginning with the third quarter of 1947, tractors of the Ursus type will
be put into serial production by the Ursus State Engineering Plant. Before the
war, this plant manufactured tanks and military tractors, as well as heavy trucks,
and thus has at its disposal experienced engineers, technicians, and craftsmen.
In January 1945, the Ursus State Engineering Plant represented only a col-
lection of damaged or destroyed factory buildings, totally stripped of all in-
stallations and equipment. Immediate reconstruction work made it possible, by
December of the same year, to begin operations in the cast iron foundry, the
machine shop, the tool shop, and the automotive repair shop; In January 1946,
the plant began production of spare parts for the Lanz Bulldog tractors, which,
in 1947, amounted to 25 tons per month. In June 1946, the designs of the new
tractor were completed, and 11 months later the first tractors were already
built, despite shortages of materials, machines, and tools.
Twelve other factories also collaborated in the production of the tractors.
They supplied equipment, fuel and oil pumps, injectors, parts stamped from
sheet me!zl, springs, gaskets, etc.
Technical Specifications,of the 45-Horsepower Ursus Tractor
The following are technical specifications of the 45-horsepower Ursus
tractor:
In-line engine, single cylinder, two stroke, medium compression, with
hot-bulb ignition.
Cylinder diameter
Piston stroke
Stroke volume
Revolutions per minute
Maximum horsepower
Horsepower under normal operation
Fuel consumption
Centrifugal governor
Closed-pressure luoricating system
Cooling-system (thermosiphon)
Radiator capacity
Capacity of petroleum tank
Capacity of gasoline tank
Capacity of o11 tank
Double plate clutch
Gear box with six gears:
1st gear
2d gear
3d gear
let reverse gear
RESTRICTED
225 mm
26o mm
10.3 liters
300/630
45
36
about 240 g/hp-hr
50 liters
90 liters
7 liters
6.5 liters
3.3
4.4
5.8
4.1
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/08/19: CIA-RDP80-00809A000700070299-2
RESTRICTED
4th gear
For tractors with
9.4
5th gear
tires and reduction
12.6
6th gear
lever only
16.7
2d reverse gear
11.9
Length
3,455 =
Width
1,780 mm (1,820 on tires)
Wheel base
2,035 =
Front wheel track
1,280 mm
Rear wheel track
1,365 mm
Tare weight
about 3,500 kg
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/08/19: CIA-RDP80-00809A000700070299-2