WIN STALIN PRIZES FOR VITAMIN C, PASK PRODUCTION; GLASS INDUSTRY NEEDS REORGANIZATION

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00809A000600400181-6
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 4
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: August 25, 2011
• Sequence Number: 181
• Publication Date: July 2, 1951
• Content Type: REPORT

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CLASSIFICATION S-E-C-R-E-T SItu
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY REPORT
INFORMATION FROM
FOREIGN DOCUMENTS OR RADIO BROADCASTS CD NO.
SUBJECT
HOW
PUBLISHED
WHERE
PUBLISHED
DATE
PUBLISHED
LANGUAGE
Economic; Technological - Chemical industry,
drugs, abrasives,
glass
Daily newspapers
USSR
27 Jan - 31 Mar 1951
Russian
IN IS DOCUMENT CONTAINS INFORMATION AFFICTINO Till NATIONAL DEFENSE
OF TH/ UNITED S.ATII WITHIN TNN REARING ON NSPIONAOI ACT 90
9 REV LESION
N ON TH
S. C.. SI AND SS. AS AMINDIO. ITS TRANSMISSIO
?.
Any WARREN TO A [
LAW IS NINNODUL'TION OF THIS FORK ISI FROHINRITID. IS FL O?
F In MIIITIDCONTENTS
WIN STALIN PRIZES FOR VITAMIN C, IIPASKII PRODUCTION;
GLASS INDUSTRY NEEDS REORGANIZATION
DEVELOP NEW METHODS OF PRODUCING ASCORBIC, PARAAMINOSALICYLIC ACID -- Riga,
Sovetskaya Latviya, 22 Mar 51
Stalin Prizes havq, been awarded to Professor A. A. Shmidt, regular member
of the Academy of Sciences Latvian SSR, for achieving the industrial synthesis
of ascorbic acid (vitamin C); to S. A. Giller, senior scientific associate of
the Institute for Problems in Forestry, A. I. Kalnin'sh, regular member of the
Academy of Sciences Latvian SSR, G. M. Semenyuk, director of the Riga Pharma-
ceutical Plant, and M. M. Gershov and N. N. Naumenko, engineers at the same
plant, for introducing a new method of producing the medical preparation PASK
(paraaminosalicylic acid).
Ascorb'.c acid can be obtained from plants rich in vitamin C, and also by
the synthetic method, Shmidt, together with other Soviet scientists, began his
research on vitamin C in 1931. At that time a technology for producing the
antiscorbutic concentrate of vitamin C from pine and spruce needles and the
fruit of the sweetbrier was first developed. Later crystalline ascorbic acid
was successfullypbtained from the sweetbrier.
Crystalline preparations of vitamins have great advantages over the con-
centrates, since they can be administered bot:i subcutaneously and internally
In the case of certain disturbances of the stomach and intestinal tract, the
direct injection of vitamins into the blood provides faster saturation of
the organism than when they are taken into the digestive tract.
It has recently been established that the most economically suitable method.
of obtaining crystalline ascorbic acid is to produce it in industrial plants by
chemical synthesis. This type of production has now been set up in the USSR.
As a result of tireless efforts by the party and the government, the Soviet
vitamin industry is being successfully developed. The USSR ns available
an adequate supply of various kinds,
STATE
ARMY
DATE OF
INFORMATION :9)D - 1951
DATE DIST. A Jul-1951
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
LASSIFICATION S-E-C-R-E-T
NSRB DISTRIBUTION
FBI
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MECHANIZE ABRASIVES PRODUCTION -- Moscow, Moskovskaya Pravda, 14 Mar 51
The Orekhovo-Zuyevo Karbolit Plant produces such items as parts for light
automobiles, textolite bearings for machine-building plants, and rollers for
the Moscow subway escalators. In 1950, the plant put out considerable above-
plan production, but the possibilities for better utilization of the means of
production have not been exhausted.
The plant has increased productivity of all presses in the press shop 20-
25 percent by equipping them with solenoid distributors which make possible the
mechanization of hand processes. Five new conveyers with automatic and semi-
automatic units have been put into operation in the raw-materials-processing
shop. Anc`.her shop has a new type of turbine-driven dryer for continuous dry-
ing of "vo]oknite" C fibrous material, and a third shop has acquired two new
impregnating machines.
Last year the suggestion was made that the plant initiate continuous out-
put of Labrasive7 powder, and that it set up a worm conveyer. Now every proc-
ess is mechanized, from the pulverizing of the resin to the production of
finished powder. Results of the work of the worm conveyer'have surpassed ex-
pectation. The new technology has provided more thorough impregnation of the
wood meal and the production of good-quality powders. The plant has begun to
fill all its consur'.ers' powder requirements which for a long time have been
difficult.
Measures which made it possible to utilize the boiler room more efficiently
were adopted. To obtain constant steam pressure, and to eliminate its escape
and uneven feed to the shops, control of the processes of burning the fuel and
feeding the boiler water were made completely automatic. Fuel supplying has
been mechanized, and improved blasting units have been installed.
About 20 scientific research institutes assisted in solving problems con-
nected with the technological improvements. As a result of improved techniques
and training throughout the plant, the output of plastics increased 58 percent
from the same production area; pressed powders, 64.3 percent; voloknite, 82.3
percent, and textolites, 50.7 percent,
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S-E-C-R-E-T
SECRET
Up to 1948, wide use of PASK vas impossible because of the difficulties
involved in mass-producing it. The complexity of its chemical synthesis was
repeatedly pointed out in foreign periodicals. The chemical industry of the
capitalist countries has not yet mastered the principles of producing PASK.
This problem has been solved only by the Soviet scientists and engineers.
Throagh the efforts of chemists working at the Academy ff Sciences Latvian
SSR, a basically new solution to the problem of making PASK has been found. A
new technology was worked out, and mass production of the preparation was set
up in the plants, -- Professor Ya,. V. Peyve, Academician and Secretary, Academy
of Sciences Latvian SSR
b@ing used,to tre.. e
a
$ivgsvery good results. o?work.. PASK.iF also
yf P&tie}te have teortain other illnesses. i t :
A valuable medical preparation for the treatment of tuberculosis owsPASK
(paraaminosalicylic.acid , 4 chemotherape is ~&,xhiche~1961,a B
wb3ished .~y
Sct'ioii-on the tubeic78 ba ' me
P treatment of varioua
clinical Yegeecrch that ASK is ,,. emw* , :e'4emedy. in the
tiY`?? tubecii .osis': In conjunction with other me of ?treatFtep P11~
a result df eta uR~ ice' ere
A
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SECRET
S -E-C -R-E-T
In 1951, it is planned to increase the coefficient of utilization of press
equipment, to raise the output in the press shop 50-60 percent, to win the title
of "Stakhanovite Plant," an(_ to complete the year program by 15 December.
TOO MANY MINISTRIES INVOLVED IN GLASS PRODUCTION -- Moscow, Trud, 21 Max 51
The glass industry is lagging behind in the general development of the na-
tional economy. In this field there are many small plants where production is
unsystematic, techniques inadequate, and labor methods insufficiently produc-
tive.
The chief cause of the trouble is the distribution of the glass enterprises
among different ministries. Similar plants are subordinate to the Ministries
of Construction Materials. Transportation, Sovkhozes, Light Industry, Food In-
dustry, Automobile and Tractor Industry, Health, and many others. Each of them
have formed the proper main administrations and trusts with a large staff of
specialists, and each ministry is working separately- single center for co-
ordinating the experience and achievements of the different plants does not exist,
and production is completely unorganized.
For example, lamp and automobile glass, as well as a variety of glassware,
have been made by hand in many plants up to now. Meanwhile the country is put-
ting out automatics and glass blowing machines which can replace glass-blowing
workmen completely.
Miscellaneous pressed glassware, as well as many items for the automobile
industry and railroad transport, in a majority of cases are produced on manual
eccentric presses, Yet the Moscow Steklomashina Plant is producing automatics
for pneumatic pressing which can successfully be used for making tumblers,
dishes, automobile headlights, and all types of signal Lligh] glass.
Glass for kerosene lamps is made by outdated methods,although this type
of production can be completely mechanized.
The entire glass industry should be amalgamated under one main adminis-
tration in some ministry. This will make it possible to utilize equipment
more efficiently and to develop production in an organized manner.
REBUILD RAZED GLASS PLANT -- Vil'nyus, Sovetskaya Litva, 31 Mar 51
The Vil'nyus Krasnaya Zarya Glass Plant, destroyed by the Germans, is being
reconstructed. Every year the enterprise receives new equipment. No long ago,
automatic machine tools arrived from Krasnodar. One of these is ready for op-
eration, and the others will soon be assembled. Before long, a new complex
Soviet machine which performs all labor-consuming processes will be installed.
The plant's Jar. r. :bxuary plan was fulfilled 103 percent, and many bri-
gades are greatly e. , their norms.
NEW GLASS PLANT ASE VARIETY OF OUTPUT -- Leningradskaya Pravda, 4 Mar 51
Two years A. Yeremin, a glass blower of 27 years' experience came
from the Krasn;,,,; at Plant in Penza Oblast to work at the newly established
Leningrad Antizc;: Glass Plant. He is teaching his trade to students at the
Lplant'il industrial school.
In 1951, the nev plant will put out about 150 new types of artistic items.
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REVIEW 1950 ACHIEVENYNTS -- Moscow, Komsomol'skaya Pravda, 27 Jan 51
The chemical industry in 1950 organized the manufacture of mineral fertiliz-
ers in granular form, and greatly expanded the output of new highly effective
poisonous chemicals for combating agricultural pests. The production of new syn-
thetic chemicals has been developed.
NEW CHEMICAL PROCESS MAKES EMBOSSED IMAGES ON STEEL PLATE -- Tashkent, Pravda
Vostoka, 31 Mar 51
A group of workers at the Leningrad Plant inieni Sverdlov, under the direc-
tion of the chief technologist, have developed and put into production a photo-
electrochemical method of engraving ferrous metal.
Company charts, monograms, and. diagrams were formerly engraved by hand or
with a pantograph. Now the design is drawn on tracing cloth and is transferred
from the cloth to the glass and from the glass to the metal. With the help of
chemical reagents, and under the action of light, the image becomes fixed on
the,steel plate. This is the first time in engraving practice that it has been
possible to get embossed images. The plates engraved by the new method are -
more attractive than the old ones, and the new method speeds up the work eight
to ten times. The plait will save 220 tons of nonferrous metals a, year as a
result of the new process.
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