WAGE RATES IN USSR INDUSTRY, 1946 - 1950

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00809A000700100266-4
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 20
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: October 24, 2011
• Sequence Number: 266
• Publication Date: January 26, 1953
• Content Type: REPORT

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. CLASSIFICATION OCNFIDETlTInL
CENTRALSINELLIGENCE AGENCY
INFORMATION FROM
F9REIGN DOCUMENTS OR RADIO FiROADCASTS
COUNTRY USSR
SUBJECT Economic -Wages
HOW
PUBLISHED Hooka, periodicals, official decrees,
WHERE newspapers
PUBLISHED uBSF.
Di,TE
PUBLISHED 1y48 _ 1958
LANGUAGE
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or'rxs uei rco srcrsr: se ..ix r:s ?scx iep or rims i.f,,rc,i px. rrs
pxp
DATE DIST. ~(~ ,Tan 1953
N0. OF PAGES 20
SUPPLEMENT T7
REPORT N0.
THIS IS UNEI%ALUATED INFORMATION
WAGE RATFS' IN US:R INDUSTRY, 146 - 1950
rNumbers in parentheses refer to appended sources_~
From 1946 through 1950 there was a significant increase in individual
monetary wages of workers and employees is the USSR, as well as an increase in
state appropriations for worker benefits. The postwar ftrnd of monetary wages
for xorkers and employees increased continuous]ar due to a growth of employment
in the national economy and increased labor productivity.(1) P.lao, the Soviet
government provided for an arbitrary wage increase for workers and employees
in the laa end middle wags categories. This was put into affect as an
1~nediate countermeefiare to the September 1946 decree which raised the primes
of retioned foods.(2)
In December 1947, the first of a series of price reductions was intro-
duced into the Soviet econonLv. Thla occurred simultaneously with the monetary
reform which reestablished the full value of the Soviet ruble and a ration-free
econoayy with single state prices.(3) There were subsequent price reductions vu
consumers' goods after 1947, c:hich resulted in a significant increase is the
real income of ell workers and employees. In 1948 alone, the real wages of
xorkere xere doubled; and, in 1949, the income of workers and employees at
comparable prices, per worker, exceeded the 1948 r?te more than 1'2 percent.
The income of peasants in 1949, at comparable prices per agricultural worker,
was 14 percent more than in 1948, and rose more than 30 percent over lgll0.(l~)
In 1950, considering price reductions on consumers' goods, the grcxth of
monetary wages of workers and employees, the increase in the 'natural" as weir
as monetary incoma of farmers, and the rise ?n bonus Peyments and additional
privileges given by the government, the income of workers, .-.caplcyaes, and
farmers, a. comparable pri;:cs, rose 19 percent over the 1949 level. The total
:income of workers; employees, and farmers in 1950 rose 62 percent over the 1940
income, at r_omparable prices.(5) According to another source, the 1950 mxtional
income rose 64 pe-cent over the 1940 income, inste?d of 38 percent as called
for In the Five-Year Plan. In 1951, it increased 12 percent ever 1950.(6)
- 1 ?~
CONFIDI?.~^:?7AL
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As a regult of the growth in the number of workers and employees, and the
i/ncre~~e in productivity, th.e wage fund in 1948 almost doubled the prewar level
j940].(7) According to the plan for 1950, the average yearly wage of workers
and employees in the whole national economy was fixed at 6,000 rubles, and the
wage ftuid at 252.3 billion rubles.(8) The Soviets claim that this goal, was
significantly exceeded.(9)
In a special study of the Oor~kiy Automotile P].ant imeni Molotov, the
generalization is made that wages at this pant increased considerably during
the 1947 - 1950 period due to the stiaatitution of norms based on technical
estimates fur statistical norms based on work experience, as well as the per-
Yecting of technology, the better organization of work, mechanized labor, the
improvement of worker qualifications, and the growth of socialist competition
among workers and engineering-technical personnel. The average wages of auto-
mobile workers at the Gor~kiy plant during 1947 - 1950, increased by 1,833
rubles in comparison with 1946.(10)
Information on xage dec?ees, as well as statistics on wages for workers
chronolooyees, is limited and fragmentary. The following 3ecrees, given
gically from 1946 through 1949, are sigaificaut for that period.
On 25 August 1946, the Council of Ministers USSR issued a decree calling
for increased wages and improved housing conditions of xorkers sad engineering-
technical personnel of ente2-prises aituatied in the Urals, Siberia, and the Far
East. Accordingly, effective 1 September 1946, a 20-percent wage increase was
granted to workers and engineering-technical personnel of the coal industry
engaged directly in the mining of coal and in loading and unloading xork; to
workers and engiarEring-technical personnel in enterprises of ferrous and non-
ferrous metallurgy emp~oyed directly in hot working shops, in mining enterprises
and in loading and unloading work; to workers and engineering-technical per-
sonnel of the petroleum industry employed in petroleum-extracting and drilling
operations; to miners of peat, graphite, mica, and asbestos; to workers in
cement production; and to workers in the Bait-mining industry; and to workr_rs
and engineering-technical personnel in the chemical lndustr,, employed in shops
with unhealthy xorking conditions or hot workinr? shops, in mines, and in
loading and unloading xork.
The same increase wr.a granted to workers and engineering-technical per-
sonnel in construction projects of the following ministries: heavy industry
enterprises, fuel enterprises, militaay and naval enterprises, ferrous metallurgy,
petroleum industry of the eastern regions of the USSR, nonferrous metallurgy,
and. chemical industry, employed directly in construction and installation work.
In connection xith the increase of wages for the above categories cf
woi?kera, the xage fund of the respective ministries was to be raised by
1,~,0009C~0 rubies.
This 20-percent increase wsa granted to 824,000 workers engaged. in 727
enter rises and to construction workers in the Urals, Liberia, and the Far
East.~ll)
The September 1946 decree for the increase in wages, designed to offset
the increase oP food prices (highest increase going to the lowest paid workers)
has already been mentioned.
~'~;
50X1-HUM.
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According to a decree of February 1048 of the Council of Diiniaters USSR
and the TsK V1C?(b), a fixed schedule of wages was provided for teachers in
elementary and secondary schools, for teachers of the mentally and physically
handicapped, for art sad music teachers, and for persona teaching in remote
areas oY the USSR. Teachers were rated according to their education and
eY~erience. Those with experience and education under the old regime did not
~g}ualify under this decree. The salary rate for teachers of primary schools
(grades~l-4), with 5 years of experience, was fixed at 575 rubles a month.
Teachers of secondary schools (grades 8-10), with 5 years of erpe-icnce,
received 71G rubles a month. The above rates were for city schools; rural
teachers received less. Directors of secondary schools, with ; years ~;
experience in city schools (440-880 pupils), received 1,01 rubles. The
above salary rates were the minimum in their respective categories. Teachers
with higher educational qualifications and greater experience received additional
remuneration.
Teachers of the physically and mentally handicapped received salaries 25
percent higher than the teachers in public schools, and the monthly salaries
of music and art teachers were fixed at a rate of 25 rubles above the salaries
of teachers of the Russian language. galaxy rates for teachers on Sakhalin
Island were raised 50 percent; on the Kurile Islands, 100 percent; and teachers
is other remote areas received remuneration in direct ratio to the hardships
encountered in their respective areas.(12)
On 19 April 1948, s decree of the Council of Ministers USSR was promulgated
concerning measures for improving the organization of work in the kolkhozes and
for increasing kolkhoz wages. This decree Introduced sea norms with the division
of labor into nine groups. The "workday~~ norm applied to the performance of a
certain amount of work, and ranged from , to 1~ days. To increase rsd encourage
agricultural production, the decree provided for a percentage of wage increase
for each percent of production in excess of the norms. Conversely, there was a
deduction for inability to attain planned norms.(13)
By order of the Central Committee oP the Communist Party and the Ministry
of Finance USSR, a decree was passed on 28 January 1949 to increase wages in
direct proportion to the yeers of meritorious service. According to this decree,
the increase could be paid in a lump sum or by a periodic increase. Persons
eligible for this increase were employees and engineering sad technical per-
sonnel of enterprises, institutions, and organizations of miaisteries and
departments which granted the right to receive the increase. ~ne agencies
granting this privilege were not .listed_]
Interruptions in working service di3 not disYUSlify workers Yrom the
benefits of this order, since the total service period was taken info account.
However, this order was not effective for persc:a returning to work Su the
course of a year after the promulgation of this order in enterprises, insti-
tutions, and ministry or department organizations where standard increase
were calculated on the basis of uninternxpttd working aen ice. Allowance xas
made for persons on leave in the Red Ara{y, Navy, or Air Force, and for time
spent in party, trade union, or komsomol organizations.(14)
Railroad Workers
In the Yirst postwar Five-Year Plan for railway transport, the revision of
the wage system resulted in raising the wage level of all transport work.(15)
The most important measr..^es of this revision were bonuses for years of out-
standing service for staff workers, an increase in the number oY supervisors
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and engineering and technical personnel receiving bouuses, bonuses for loco-
motive and conductor brigades of heavy freight trains, and more extensive use
of bonuses in piecexork weges.(].6) Nearly two thirds of the total number of
supervisory and engineering and technical personnel received bonuses in 1949
for fulfilling and exceeding the state plan for transport.(17)
The average month]y earnings of railroad operating personnel in 1946 and
1949, according to Migal~ (18), are given below:
Classes of Workero
in Railway Transport
All workers of the
operations staff
Including:
ChiPP conductors of
freight traffic
Average Monthly
Earnings in Rubles
Earnings of Leading
Occupations in $ of
Average Earnin a
573
710
loo
loo
1,771
2,117
309.7
298.1
335
1,063
164.9
149.7
1,004
1,113
175.2
156 9
ilroad brigade workers, including engineers, assistant engineers, firemen,
and locomotive shop workers, as well as supervisory and management personnel,
are classified according to the hardships and difficultl.es under which they
xork. In some cases this means the peculiar location of the railroad. For
instance, reilroad workers employed in the Far East railroad system are paid
at a :nigher rate than throe in the Karaganda system, and Karaganda system
personnel receive higher wages *,han the Kirov-Kotlas-Pechora lines and others
which are classified in the lowest of three groups.(,19)
The wage data given in the following charts, which were reproduced from
ftikolsyev~e beak on the wages of railway operating personnel; xere rot dated.
Eowever, it ie assumed that the data is not older than 1949, since the book
was published in 1950. Cnly part of Table I is given below (20):
Kind of Work Croup I Group II Group III
(Kirov-Kotlas-
(Far East System) (Kara Pechora lines
Banda System) and others)
Train construction workers
(piece workers)
Ra
I~BinPer instructors
(~''~) 920-1,320 850-1,210 790-1,100
engineers of Engine
Series IS, Fp, SOK oY
electric la:omotives
and of locomotive shops
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The wage system of locomotive brigade workers under the piecework system
is classified by kilometers covered. Engineers of fast passenger trains receive
s moathljr wage of 1,8CO rubles. Engineers in heavy transport receive 1,700
^~bles a month; suburban engineers, 1,500 rubles a month. During the xinter
period, the wage rate is increased from 10 to 20 percent.
The increases indicated below were established Yor locomotive brigade
workers by government decrees, as follows:
14 March 1945 -- 10 percent increase for workers in the Kara
Banda system
13 April 1945 -- increase for bra
for engineering anid technical workers andelaborere, 20rpercents fortemployeeF.sast:
10 percent
16 June 1946 __ increase for xorkers on the Pechora line exce t
the=Kirov-Kotlas line): laborers and engineer ( p parts of
percent; employees, 10 percent ing-technical personnel, 20
16 September 1946 -_ l+age increase in connection with increase in bread
prices. Workers receiving up to 300 rubles a month were given an increase of
110 rubles; those receiving from 301 to 500 rubles, an increase of 100 rubles;
those receiving 501 to 700 rubles, sn increase of 90 rubles; and those receiving
710 to 900 rubles, an 80-ruble increase.(21)
The monthly wage rates of workers in locomotive shops of the Far East
Railroad System are listed below. The categories are arranged according to
experience and training. Wages in the Far East Eailroad System are the highest
of all rail.xoad systems.(22)
Occupation
Fitters engaged in locomotive
repair and workers in other
"ccld work" occupations
Monthl Wa e
in rubles
Category 1
Category 2
372
Category 3
404
Categ::. u 4
436
Category 5
478
Category 6
538
Category 7
606
Category 8
690
800
-5-
CONFIDENTIAl,
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The monthirv xage rates (in rubles) oP supervisors, engitteering and techni^~].
workers and employees of locomotive chaps era ae follows; In the folloxing
three tables Group I refers to Far East reilwaya; Group I1 to Ashkhabad, and
Turkestan-Siberia systems, part of Petrozavodsk-Mumm~sk-Kirov Line, Ak-Bulak-
Dzhusaly-Orenburg Line, Kiril-Burer-Kerar-Dalimamed7y Litte, and others; and
Group III to the re%aining liaea end parts of lines npt mentioned above.(23)
Position
Accountant-bookkeeper personnel
in locomotive shops
Category 1
Category 2
'Category 3
Engineer and ts!eLnical workers
in. shops
Chiefs, head engineers of
base engine houses for
electric locomotives, rail-
way motor care, and internal
ec~buatioa locomotives
1,200
1,140
1,080
1,000
950
980
Category 1
Category 2
6G8G
1
1,870
4
Category 3
,
1,540
1
00
1,440
1,320
,
],200
Head engineers of turn-
around terminals
Category 1
Category 2
Cat
1 200
,
1'~
1,100
1,;%00
8
egory 3
960
~
0
9
~
The monthly ~g~(in rubles) oY railway lines management personnel are as
follows (24):
Supervisors of locomotive service
and electrification
Heads of service sections and
assistant chiefs of personnel
service
Group I Group II Group III
2,280 2,420
1,920 1,210 1 100
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The mottthly Wages (in rubles of Workers is fuel storehouses are as
Yollbars (25):
Positicm`
8uperviaora in cY:nr?e of Yuel
storeh~USes -.
Category 1
Category 2
CEte8~:9 3
Assistant supervisors of Ebel
storehouses
Category 1
Category 2
Categosy 3
860
750 9 640
550
5~ ~5 4550
Metallurgical iiorkers
~It is assumed that the Yolloving classified Wage data in the seta7lurgical
industry is for 1949)
The wage rates of engineering-technical and accounting personnel in various
types of machine shops of the meta:,lurgical industry are as follows (26):
Shop chief
Deputy shop chteY
Supervisor of ahi{ts
ChieY eectiaun master
Hark distributor
Bookkeeper, time2:eeper,
production accountant
Mon Na a Rate b 3h Orou~s
is rubles per month
Cr~'auW T
Gr- wgli
amuP III
1,300-1,7ao
1.-100-1,500
1,000-1,350
930-1,100
830-1,000
690-380
930-1,100
830-950
--
930-1,100
830-950.
790-930 .
6;ro-880
boo-7S0
600-790
410-550
410-525
410-525..
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Position
Nagel Par Personnel in
Ura1-Eastern Region,
Receivin ^c0 Increase
in rubles per month
Nages for Personnel
Not Receivi Increase
in rubies per mo
th
Group I
G
n
Shop chief
roup II
Grove III
Gro I
It
moo- ?P II
Group III
Supervisor of shifts
Producticn supervisor
for blast furnaces
Shift des
at
h
2,040-2,520
1,320-1,740
1,200-1,560
1,740-2,040
1,200-1,500,
960-1,320
1,440-1,800
1,020-1,320
980-1,200
1,700-2,100
1,100-1,450
1,000-1,300
1,450-1,700
1,000-1,250
880-1,100
1,200-1,500
930-1,100
830-1
000
~
p
c
er
Shop mechanic and
electrician
Chief of
d
920-1,200
1,320-1,740
;?0O_i~o~
1,200-1
,500
~-980
~
1,020-..,320
790-1,000
1,100-1,450
690-930
1,000-1
250
,
790-830
0
pro
uction sector
Chief repairman of
mechanical or electrical
equipmr_nt sad atone work
38G-1,200
920-1,200
980-.1,080
860-1,080
800-960
~-960
830-1,000
790
1
0
,
830-980
93
-1,100
b90-880
Eogl.neer of shops-
statistician
Shop technician
fabri
920-1,200
800_1 080
~
750-980
-
,
00
790-1'000
740-980
690-98G
690-880
640-8
0
,
catar
690-98p
b
90-860
690-800
600-830
600-740
3
600-690
The monthly wage rates of engineering-technical and accounting workers of forge shops, metal
rtes, and refractory material shops are as falloxa (28);
products shops,
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Shop chief
Deputy shop chief
Chief sector foreman
Production foreman,
inspection foreman
Hagea for Personnel in
Ural-Eastern Region,
Receiving 20~ Increase
Group I
Group II
Group III
1,560-2,140
1,200??1,620
980-1,200
1,320-1,800
1,020-1,3E0
800_960
1,020-1,320
980-1,140
920-1 100
T
1.:? ~-1
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ilages for Personnel
Bot Receiving 20~ Increase
Group I
Groi II
Group III
1,3oG-1,7o0
1,000-1,350
830-1,000
1,100?-1,500
930-1,110
790_gg0
930-1,100
830-950
790-930
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co~arrrl'~T r~_L
Electrical Power Pant Workers (under Ministry of Ferrous Metallurgy)
The monthly claealfied wage rates of engineering and technical personnel
of electric P='~+er stations, networks, and substations, water supply, and
district heating plants ere as follows (29);
Monthly Wages (ia rubles) by Power Groupings
Steam-electric Paaer
stations
Heed of electric power
station
Chief engineer
Heads of shops for various
branches (boiler rocs,
machine room, electrician
on duty)
Grou I
-.__E.__
(from 75 mega-
watts ani above)
Group II
(Prom 20 to
75 megawatts)
Group In
(uP to 20
~
gawatts)
,Soo-j,ooo
z,ooo-2,500
1
600-2
000
2,500-3,000
2,000-2,500
,
,
1,600-2,000
,So-1,100
8A0-1,000
690-880
The monthly wage rates for workers oP electric power stations, electrical
and heat networks, pumping stations, h,~+irotechnical headworks, and water suppl,}.
works, not receiving 20 percent iacreaae granted for enteivriaes in the Ural-
Eaetern area are as follows (jp);
Month Ws a Scale
in rubles -
Chief shop mechanic of heat and power
statical, with a total power o:
turbines
~~ ~ togawatts and higher
p to ~ X75 meaa~-atts
U gawatts
980-1,100
8bo-1;000
790-980
Operator of turbine bleat engines
From 8 megnMatta and higher
590-880 .
Operator of stee:a tiu?bines
From 1w megawatts anti higher
From 16 to 44 megawatts
790-980
To 16 megawatts
6~-~'
~-790
Gperator of hydroturbines to 7 megawatts
?
500-690
Diesel operator
55c -690
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Assistant mechanic oa duty for 'condensing
sad circulating pampa
Ia charge oP one turbine
In charge oP two or more turbines
Electrical Eagiaeering Shops
500-600
750-640
Man oa duty at ch1eP control panel oP
electro-technical power stations
From 75 megawatts and. higher
From 20-75 megawatts 790-980
UP to 20 megawatts 690-880
Coal transport and mill operator, up
to Pour mills
15 tons an hour and above ea-h
Up to 15 tons an hour, each ~
550-600
Chief electriciaae on duty at substations
and chief repairmen in substatt~?~
-- ---+ a~ ouustiacioa
410-500
Electrician on duty is charge oP cable networks
55o-G4c
Coal idining
workcrsein the DonetsaBa~tintcoalofieldsrareoas~Pollowse(31~' and technical
Deputy chief mining engiheers
Assistant mining engineers
Over 1,500 tons
From 1,000 to 1,500 tons
.From 500 to 100 tons
To 500 tons
Over 1,500
To 1,500
Ovcr 1,500 tons
From 1,000-1,5ai tons
From 500 to 1,000 tone
To 500 tons
- 1'+.
CONFQiF r s' ~ L
2,500
2,200
1,800
1,500
2,000
1,800
1,800
1,500
1,300
1,100
2,000
1,800
1,600
1,300
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corr~ln~rr~,
According +.o as article in Kazakhstanal~.va
average wages o?P a coal miner in the Kara ~v~ 26 August 1951, the
creased to 4,000 rubles a month in 1 1, Ganda coal mines, Kazakh SSR, in_
Zarya 4oatolm 95 (32). The Georgian nexapaper
of x`or ---, on 26 August 1951, indicated that the average monthly, ply
]Data in the Grnzugol~ Combine in the Georgian SSR increased from i31
rubles in 1945 to 1,112 rubles in 1950, and to 1,163 rubles in 1951.(33)
The fol],oxing figures are representative of recent earn
coal miners in the Mine imeni OGPU in ftovoahakhtinsk, Rostov O~blaat (Donbaea~
The miners listed are graduates of mining schools.(34)
Amoua_ toy W8`ees
Facemaa 5,179 rubles in June 1952
4,919 rubles in July 1952
4,503 rubles in August 1952
Cutter and loader 4,982 rubles in June 1952
4,344 rubles in Ju]y 1952
4,376 rubles in August 1952
Wages of Longshoremen
and time rates)gxerc Fecifi.ed to the decree of theoCounctrilsp peop~ehapiece
Commissars USSR, i2 April 1941, no 906, for operators of motoz? vehicles in
8htoua and higher) xere decreedroy the Counciltof Ministers USSRe 21 Ptay~l946,
P1o 6591.(35)
The~wage rates listed below take into account the wage increase of
16 September 1946,
vehicles ports area as Polloc~~(g6)s and longshoremen operating small cargo
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Drivers of Third-Class
Cargo Vehicles
Freight capacity to
2.5 tone
From 2.5 to 5 tons
From 5 to 8 tons
Above 10 tons
Longshoremen driving
all kinds of carge
vehicles
Black Sea,
Azov Sea
Banube ~
Cas ian
p a
Baltic. Sea
----
Riga'
Tal].in
Bsku
Arkhan8el'ek
Holotovek,
Murmsask,
R~d'ilakaha,
mm's
Belomor::k,
Leningrag,
vlaai~ostok
xras~ovoask
Piece
,Work
Time
W_rk
piece
Work
Time piece
Work Work
Time
Work
Piece
Work
Time
Work
410
380
430
407
460
424
475
437
450
415
485
446
520
478
537
493
500
460
540
496
580
532
600
5c0
615
555
6ti7
601
720
648
746
071
Pechora
(Aar'yaa-
~..L__ Sakhalin
Piece Time Piece
Work Work Work
505 518 630
632 588 720
710 048 800
787 7'.7 890
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Daily Aagea ?or Stevedores at Sea Ports,' After 16 September 1946 (37)
1. Black Sea, Azov Seu and Dan?.ibe
basin, excluding those listed
separately; also Gur'yev port
2. Caspian basin except ports listed
separately; also $herson,
Nikolayev, Feodosiya, Kerch',
Taapse, Batumi, Mariupol', Rostov
3? Baltic Sea
4. ftorthern basin ports; also Bak-t,
Diakhach-kale, Bekdash, ryborg,
Belomorak, Kem', Kandaleksha
5? Poti
6. Riga
7? Arkhangel'ak and Molotovek
8. Far East basin, excludir.~.those ports
listed separately; also Pechora
~Nar?Yan-Mar.), Mezen', Pechenga
`~ Odessa, Novorossiyak
10. Leningrad
11. IGcaenovodak
12. Vladivostok, Petropavlovsk on x hatka
13? Murmansk
14. Ports on Sakhalin Island
r
12.73
Piece Rate S Work Cate oriea
II
15.26
III
16
54
Time Ra
.
11.89
13.85
16.26
18.22
14.75
17.38
iy.63
12.90
13.74
15.53
18.50
20.74
14
42
15.63
,8 ~
~' ~
.
14.53
16.34
19.94
22.64
15.53
17.34
x??34
23.70
15.94
17.38
21.41
23.70
16
04
18.64
23.04
25.64
.
l7?z4
19?~
24.54
27.94
X8.54
21.34
26.24
~' ~
19.54
23.14
28.54
31'g5
21.24
~3'~'
29.24
33-15
21
94
X3'70
29'75
33.39
.
22.09
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Lumber Workers
Yollc~wing data, taken fi.~ the ~,elo-Finnish pars
~~ f 9 September 1949, show rages that were is effect inpir Leainekoye
in logging, floating, ~Pp~nB, and S49 for workexje
Ministry of Timber and paper Induetry.ceseinq lumber in enterprises oP the
Cateaorv
I
11.33
II ~
__ __
.,
IV
15.53
-'-'
VI
21.44
~
108
129
The above categories are graded according to worker qualifications and the
difficulty of work. Ia addition to basic pay end extra pay at increased rates
for extra xork, xorkers in the timber industry also receive bonuses for per-
forming a required number of xork norms in a certain per,,i (38)
SYSTEM OF WAGS RATES F'CR COAL MINSS, 1948
According to S avochni?? 3hakh*_era ol~s9chika, three systems of rage rates
was used in the coal industry; a~ time rate b, otraight piece rate, and
(c) progressive piece rate. However, the tesic wage dystcros are based on
straight sad progressive piecework.
Wage rates are established fur each individual occupation. Each xage?-
rate scale ehrra the dail,}. earnings which the state guarantees to the worker
for fulfilling the output norm, or, in time xork, for labor during a working
day of established length,
The piece rate for a unit oP work is the basis for calculating the wages
of vorkers paid according to atrsight or progressive piece rates: Under the
straight piecework system, the daily earnings of the worker are determined by
multiplying the piece rate by'actual productivity, If, for example, a passage
cutter has an output norm per shift of 10 linear meters of a mining passage,
the rage scale is 18 rubles 94 kopeks, However if. he actually cuts 15 lia~ar
meters, his daily rage is determined as follows;
1 ~ Piece rate for one linear meter equals 18 rubles 94 kopeks ei.vided by
10 that is, 1 ruble 89 kopeks,
2. The daily wage amounts to 1 ruble 89 kopeks multiplied by 15, that is,
28 rubles 35 kopeks.
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coNFiDF,~T,~,
The monthly wage ie fixed by adding up the daily wages Por the number of
shifts worked in a given month.
The ttumber of miners paid by the straight piece rate is not large, lye
greater part of piece vorkera are paid by progressive rates, which
Promote labor productivity,
greatly
oP works s~' c~Progresaive wage scales were in effect Por various groups
mines.
First i'roo*essive Wa a Scale
The output of s worker up to 80 percent of the monthly norm is
accordance with the regular piece rate norms, put
percent oP the monthly norms is Put ranging from 80 to 100
thly norm is
cent oP the mon Paidbydtr pleuratesates, and output over 100 Per_
The monthly norm oP the worker is determined on the basis of his shift
norm and the Pu1L amount of calendar. work days in a given month, with deductions
Por periods oP illness, vacations acd absence Por public service.
In the first scale, the more qualified workers, i.e., those working in
aU~uaL mining operations, are given preference; Por example, operators of
rag machines and their assistants, cutters end loaders, miners, timbermen
h?~in8 thick seams on eloping and inclined dips and ledges on steep strata,
coal cutters working in cross cuts, and wagon loaders (manual Labor).
Second Prno..o....._._ .. _ _
The second scale differs from the first. in that the output to the limit
to ,.
oP ~ pe*eentooftthe months no~rmiisPai3 by norm rates; the output from
cent is paid by double rates. Paid at rates of 11 ~
~, and over 100 Per_
This scale includes timbermen, drillers Par coal szd rock, carriers in
t~clsport~ timbermen and supportel~s in construction and repair work, wagor.
loaders ~ loading Prom chutes and conveyers, drivers, operators cP electric
locomotives, conductor-couplers, and others.
The Following data were taken Prom Table 19, of ~ruvochnik Shakhtera
uxol~ehchika
cats`'-~ ~Proyducedcaentative occupations and xage levels for each
B ry, are re (39)
Daily Wage Sc,'lea of Workers '_n Coal cad Shale M.t.ues
flrrn~on
~,~ ~rtter_~of C~a,]. Face
Operators of cutting machines
`Coel hevere, miners who rut. ore and
load it on conveyers, hackers and
cutters in thick seams
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Donbass, Georgia,
Coal. Fields Near Dioscow,
'Shalt Mines of Leningrad- Volga Region
skaya Oblast, Estonian S?sale Mines,
Shale Combine, Mines of Mines of Trans_
Western gkraine, Lenin- Cernathian
ad C 1 Combine
ru es IJYsr`p~
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Occ~idn
Workers of Cost Pace
Cutters on other surfaces
? Coal drtllcrs
Blasters
Timbermen
Donbass, Georgia,
rtwi v,_,~_ .-
~= roarrioecov,
Shale Mines of Leniagrad-
skays Cblast, Estonian
Shale Combine, Mines of
Western Ukraine, 7wnin_
~ C Combine
(rubles)
36.15
30.54
30.54
31.54
26.94
26.94
Wor?u!rs in steep and slightly
dipping seams
Workers in other seams
Assistant operators of cutting machines
Conveyer transferring personnel
Loaders of heavy mine cars (manual labor
? )
Ass..+.stant blasters
30.54
25'54
3q.54
25.54
25'54
18
y4
~.~
22.64
26.94
22.64
22.64
.
Tlndergrcund Mines - Transporo and Hoisting
19.2?.
Operators of underground electric
locomotives
Underground driver
First assistant underground passege
maintenance men
25.54
25'54
21
54
22.64
?~?.64
b
.
19.24
an charging stor6 a batte
locomotives (seniogr) ~ of electric
~'~
..
19.2.4
`~. ou Hauling truck
18.4
16.74
Greaser and cleaner of mine care
Cl
~5' ~
14.53
eaner of the roads and gutters
O
18.94
16.74
perators of transformers (generators)
19,94
16.74
Norkere Underground
Electric fitters on duty in mine and
in shaft
30
4
.5
26.94
Carpenter is shaft
25.54
22.64
Man de,~li.vering lt~mbez~ to mine
'~`sw.~
21'94
19.24
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Worker- a_Und~ro~
Operator of pumps above 100 cubic
maters ea hour (at full power)
Operator of pumps up to 100 cubic
maters an hour (at full power)
Common laborer underground
Water cart'i~r in mines, underground
guard and gate guard
Workers at Mine Surface
xxtraction
&eulers
Donbass, Georgia,
",.rl ; lose rear Moacox,
Shale Mines of Leningrad~
akaya Oblast, Estonian
Shale Combine, Mines of
Western Ukraine, Len~_
Coal Combine
rubles)
18.94
18.94
First assistant electric fitter
oa duty is mine surfaces
21.94
Lamp repairman
15.94
Common laborer
14.33
'~ 'each digger
18.94
Mainteaeace of 25echantrsl liquipmeat
T'u'bocampa'eseor mechanics
Mechanic for ventilators up to
~5,00o cubic metrrs capacity
Mechanics of underground machines
is mines xith dai]y cutput of
Above 2,000 tone
~-1,000
firom 1,000 to 2,000 tons
6yu-83o
Up to 1,000 tons
6W '40
Worker of mine surveying bureau
450+
Volga Region
Shale Mines,
Mines of Traas-
Carpathian
Ula~a~ i_ ne _
(rubles)
16.74
16.74
t9.24
14.53
12.83
16.74
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CONFIDEPJ'p:i:,SL
1. Veatnik Statistics, Organ of the Central Statistics Administration,
Council oP Ministers USSR, No 1, Goastatizdat, Moscow 1952, n 38
1950, p 377~~? KhozYayetvo SSSR, Sbox`nik t7o 3, Gosplanizdat, Moscow,
(Economic P].ann ~Y, I. D., "Narodnokhozyayat+ennoye P18airovaniye v SSSR"
ing in the USSR), Gospolitizda,, Moscow, 1951, p 90
P ?264? N~~oye Khozyayatvo SSSR, Sbornik No 4, Goaplanizdat, Moscow, 1951,
5? Vestnik 3tatistiki, No 1, Moscow, 195=, p 40
6? Profesaional'nyye Soyuzy, No 9, Profizdat, Moscow, Sep 1952, p 33
7? Narodaoye Khozyayatvo SSSR, Sbnrnik No 3, 1950, P 379
8' Gurin, L? Ye?, "Aasliz 1 kontrol' raskhodovaaiya fondov zarabotaoy
Platy na mashinoatroitel'nom predpriyatii" (A~Iysis and supervision of wage
meads ~ a machine-building enterprise), Mashgiz, Moscow, 1949, P L'_
9? ~catnik Statiatiki, No 1, 1952, p 38
lU. Bakulin, A., "Kommisaiya zarnbotnoy plat zavkoma __ Iz c vta
profeoyuznoy organizatiii Gor'kovako o avtomobil'nogo zavoda p
mieaioa __ Practiral results bf the work of the trade union organization atty
the Gor'kiy Automobile Plant ~~ ( lant WagE ^om-
),'Profizdat, Moscow, 1951, P 56
11. "On the Increase ir. Wages for Workers and Engineering_T,._~~cai
Personnel of Enterprises and Organizations iu the Urals, Siberia arse the Far
SwR, 25 ..Lgust 1945," Sobraniye Postanovleniy i F.aspozyazheniy Pravitel'stva
,, Ao 12, Item 226, 1946
12? "On the Increase in Wages and Pensions of Teachers of Primary, 7-year,
sad Secondary Schools, to February 194g,~' Sobrsniye Postanovleniy 1 Ras
Pravitel'atva SSSR, No 12, Item 245, 194g
Porya~heniy
13? Narodnoye Khozyaystvo SSSR, Shoraik No 3, 1450, p 329
14. "On the Length of Service of Workers, Granting Them the Right to
Receive a Percentage Increase in Wages, or a Single Lump gum Remuneration for
'Years of bleritorloug Service, 28 Janunr/ 1949," Sobraniye Postanovleniy 1
=tasporyazheniy Pravitel'stva SSSR, No 3, Item 24, lgl~9
(Wages inMRailroad?Tians Zarabotnaya Plata na zheleznodorozhnom trans
port), Transzheldorizdat, Moscow, 1951 ~ Porte."
15? Ibid? P 7.,
PP 75, 77
17? Ibid.,, P 80
~9, Ibid., p $(
19? Nikolayev, K. K., "Oplata truda sluzhb Parovoznoy i elektrifi.katsii"
(Wages. in Locomotive Service and Electrified Railroad Service), Moscow, 1950
20. Ibid., Table 1
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cor~~mINr? aL
~. Ibid., P 8, footnote
ao
-? ...i,:.; FP 43-45
23. Ibid., Table 12, P 59
24. Ibis., PP 46-50
25. Ibid., PP 51-58
26. Levin, S. M., "organizatsiya zax'abotnoy p1atY v chernoy metallurgii"
(orQ:Rization of Wage Payments in Ferrous Metallurgy), Dioscow, 1950, P 281
27? Ibid., P 278iff
28. Ibid., p 281
29. Ibid., P 285
30. Ibid., p 270, ff
SSSIt31( Manevich,gYe. L.,~~ abotnaya Plata i yeye forty v Promyshlenaosti
,Types of Wa es is I wry), Moscow, 1951
32. Alma-Ata, Kazakhstanskaya Pravda, 26 Aug 51
,i3. Tbilisi, Zarya Vostoka, 26 Aug 51
34. Moscow, Komcomol'skaya Pravda, 23 Sep 52
morskikh Shchegole(~ Put?Aorms and Haaestin 1 ?plata na gruzovykh rabotakh v
Portakh'
Porte), 1949, P 89 g I'OBd~B operations in Maritime
36? i'bld., p cv~
37. Ibis., P 71 Y
38. Petrozavodsk, Leninskoye Znartpa, 9 Sep 4g ,
Coal Miae~it~~ I. I., "SPravochnik shakhtera-ugol'shchika?' (Handbook of the
Ministry of the Caai Industry of Western Regions of the USSR
U8letekhizitat, Moscow, 1948, pn 146-16,5 ,
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