SOME DATA ON USSR CROPS AND HARVESTS AS OF AUGUST 1951

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00809A000700040051-9
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 12
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: October 28, 2011
• Sequence Number: 51
• Publication Date: January 18, 1952
• Content Type: REPORT

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CLASSIFICATION RIT ION:! MIAMI*
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY. REPORT
INFORMATION FPOM
FOREIGN DOCUMENTS OR RADIO BROADCASTS
CO NO.
COUNTRY USSR
DATE OF
INFORMATION
1951
SUBJECT Economic
HOW
- Agricultural production
DATE DIST. 11
Jan 1952
PUBLISHED Daily new
spapers
WHERE
PUBLISHED
USSR
NO. OF PAGES
12
DATE
PUBLISHED
1 - 31 Au
g 1951
LANGUAGE
Russian
SUPPLEMENT T
REPORT NO.
O
"is uaffn COMMON ifrsfaTwf YCCCIIa In "MM "us"
OF TOf nms OTATM mliii of OWIU a aTnMA n Aa N
s. s. C..sl as a.a anus. MnMagsla un,MM..I
Nam duals i. An IAOnU TO a ClSTwMfs na0. u na
OINn, a Yt. an0MCTg0 Or lfls lef0 10 nenORn.
THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION
SOME DATA ON USSR CROPS AND RARIIESTS,_
AS OF AUGUST 1951
,Clumbers in parentheses refer to appended sources]
By 25 July 1951 almost 4.5 million hectares more grain had been reaped in
the USSR than by the some date in 1950. Almost 6 million more hectares had
been reaped with combines than by this date in 1950. In the Ukrainian SSR
more than 6,000 combines are working on hourly schedules, and as a result more
than 50 Ukrainian KM have already fulfilled the 1951 plan for combine harvest-
ing. The harvesting and delivery of grain to the state in Khar'kov Oblast is
better organized than in 1950. This has been made possible partly through the
increased number of combines, tractors, and other motor vehicles, and mechaniza-
tion of threshing points. Many agricultural artels of the oblast now possess
from two to three i,imes more machinery than before the war.
As of 30 July, kolkhozes and sovkhozes of Zaporozh'ye Oblast had delivered
to the state 7.5 million pud more grain than by the same date in 1950. MI5 of
Kiev and Zhitomir oblasts have fulfilled the 1951 plan for mechanized,harvest-
ing of fiber flax ahead of time; as of 30 July, flax pullers and flax combines
had harvested twice the amount of flax as by the same date in 1950. There is
twice as much harvesting machinery available this year in kolkhozes of Belo-
russian SSR as in 1950. The number of flex pullers and flax combines has
increased three times. Reaping is in progress. in all oblasts of Kazakh SSR;
more than 80 percent of harvest work is being dote with combines. By the end
of July kolkhozes of West Kazakhstan, Aktyubinsk, East Kazakhstan, Kokchetav,
Kustanay, Semipalatinsk, and Akmolinsk oblasts had delivered to the state 1.5
million more pud of grain than by the same date in 1950. More than six times
as much cotton harvesting machinery is available this year than in 1950 in
Azerbaydzhan SSR.
C0N.F11ENf iAI
CLASSIFICATION CONFIDENTIAL
STATE -NAVY NzRB
FBI.
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The harvest line has moved north to the central and northern regions of the
country. The harvest of grains is now under way in Kaluga, Kostroma, Novgorod,
Sverdlovsk, Omsk, Tomsk, Novosibirsk, Tyumen', and Kemerovo oblasts.(1)
3 August. Reaping has begun in Issyk-Kul' Oblast of Kirgiz SSR. More than
200 combines are in operation on the mountain rields of the oblast, where they
have harvested 80 percent of the grain reaped to date. Selective harvesting is
under way in the southern and central rayons of Krasnodar Kray. The number of
combines available this year is 25 percent greater than in 1950. Combines will
be used to harvest 90 percent of the 1951 grain harvest in Krasnodar Kray.
In Alma-Ata Oblast of Kazakh SSR large-scale harvesting of yellow tobacco
is under way; 33 percent of the leaves have already been cut. Kolkhozes of
Saratov Oblast have harvested more than half the area sown to grains and indus-
trial crops. The Auguat plan for grain deliveries to the state by kolkhozes and
scv'chozes of the oblast was almost fulfilled in July. Kolkhozee of the eastern
rayons of Orel Oblast have finished the reaping of winter grains and begun the
reaping of barley. Almost a13 rayons of Novgorod Oblast are carrying out selec-
tive harvesting of rye. Kolkhozes of the southern rayons are carrying out
large-scale harvesting of winter grains, and have begun pulling flax. Kol-
khores of Mari ASSR began grain deliveries to the state 14 days earlier this
year than in 1950.(2)
According to data issued by the Ministry of Agriculture USSR, as of 5 August
1951, grain had been harvested from 7 million more hectares than by the same date
in 1950. In the Kuban and Stavropol' Kray 37,430,000 more pud of grain were
harvested this year than in 1950?(3)
16 August. Spring grains have ripened in the northern rayons of Siberia.
Many kolkhozes of the central belt of the European USSR have finished the
harvest of winter grains, and are completing deliveries to the state. Combine
operators and their machines have arrived in the central and eastern obiaata
from the south. They are assisting in harvest work in the former areas.
Recently, 250 combines arrived in Kaluga Oblast from the Don region, and 500
combines with their operators ar:vedin R'azan' Oblast from the Kuban. Sowing
of winter crops is in progress in the Ukraine, in the central belt, in West
Siberia in the Don Region, and in places in Altay and Krasnodar krays. Plow-
ing of r'zyab" sand plowed in the fall for sowing the following spring, e.g.,
in this case for sowing in spring 1952] has begun in Odessa, Dnepropetrovsk,
Izmail, West Kazakhstan, and other oblasts. In Kirov Oblast more than 60
percent of the 1951 flax crop will be p 'led mechanically. The warm and dry
weather in recent days in Central Asia and the Tianacaucasus has favored the
cotton crop. Cotton has flowered and formed bolls in Groznyy Oblast.(4)
21 August. About 5,000 combine operators from the southern districts
of the country, having finished harvest work in their assigned areas, have
moved to the central and eastern regions of the USSR to assist in the harvest
of grains there. More than 4,uuO machines, of which 1,400 were self-propelled,
accompanied these men. The largest group of men -- some 1,350 -- was sent to
Stavropol' Kray. Harvest experts from Stavropol' Kray have in turn been moved
to Kalinin, Gor'kiy, and Orel oblasts, as well as to the central districts of
Krasnoyarsk Kray. A large group of combine operators has left Rostov Oblast
for Kazakhstan, and Moscow, Kaluga, Bryansk, Kirov, and Tula oblasts. A
group of combine operators has left the Ukraine for Chelyabinsk Oblast, and
a group from Stalingrad Oblast has been sent to Molotov Oblast.(5)
23 August. Throughout the USSR, with the exception of North Caucasus and
the southern oblasts of oe Ukraine, kolkhozes and sovkhozes are sowing winter
crops. In many districts where sowings were made from 5 to 10 August, the grain
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has already sprouted. Large areas sawn to winter wheat and to winter rye were
cross-sown. Kolkhozes of Khar'kov Oblast sawed their winter crops on.particu-
larly well-worked soil, and many rayons simultaneously applied granulated
fertilizer. Special efforts are being made to raise the yield of winter wheat
in Estonian SSH; the soil has been carefully worked, selected secd used, and
close-raw sowing observed.(6)
Karelo-Finnish SSH
Kolkhozes of the southern rayons of the republic had begun selective
..drvesting of winter grains by 9 Au6st.(7) More than twice as many self-
propelled combines were in operation on the fields of the republic this year
as in 1950.(8)
Estonian SSE
The number of combines available in Estonian SSE this year is four time
greater than in 1950.(9) In several kolkhozes of Tyurinskiy, Vyruskiy, and
other rayons, harvest work is behind schedule, construction of threshing 'floors
and stacking of grain is being carried out at an unsatisfactory pace, and pre-
parations for the drying of grain are inadequate. Selective harvesting of
grains is being carried out in an unorganized fashion, further delaying large-
scale harvest work. Losses due to incorrect use of harvesting machinery and
tardy binding of sheaves have been large.(10) Large-scale saving of winter
crops was in progress in the republic by 22 August. The savings were mad--t
with selected seed on well-worked soil.(11)
.Estonian SSR has been given the task of becoming entirely self-sufficient
in grain production within the next 4 to 5 years. The area sown to wheat in the
republic is to reach 120.000 hectares by 1955. Planned yields for 1955 are
as follows: spring wheat 18-19 quintals per hectare, and winter wheat i)-20
.quintals per hectare. At present, the area sown to winter wheat constitutes"
only 15 percent of the total area sawn to winter crops.(12)
Latvian SSR
In 1950, kolkhozes of the republic produced 88,380 more pud of flax fiber
and 1,974,000 more pud of sugar beets. than in 1949. The 1951 plan for 'saving
of industrial crops was fulfilled in the republic, and 10,000 hectares more
fiber flax were sown than in 1950. Prospects for the 1951 kok-sagyz, sugar-
beet, and fiber flax crops are good.(13)
The most widely planted variety of winter wheat in Latvian SMR is Kursas.
It has a higher yield than the Priyekul'skaya variety, which is also widely
sown. Kureas does not lodge easily, but it is not particularly cold-resistant,
and is susceptible to fungus diseases. For these reasons it.is recommended''
that Kursas not be sown in the eastern rayons of Latvian SSE. In recent years
selection stations in the republic have been testing new varieties of wheat
quack grass (Triticum repens L.) hybrids. Wheat-quack hybrid No 1 has made a
particularly good shoving. It is very high-yielding, has an even'stand, a
short but thick head with large kernels, and is completely resistant to lodging.
Wheat-quack hybrid No 599 is less high-yielding than hybrid No 1, but higher-
yielding than Kursas. Hybrid No 599 is somewhat inclined to lodge, but it.
is highly cold-resistant, and less susceptible to diseases than Kursas.
Kolkhozes,and sovkhozee of the republic will sow a considerable area- to these
hybrids in fall 1951, and if they do well, it is planned that the majority of
winter wheat sown henceforth in this area will be of these hybrids.(14)
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CONNENTIAi'
Lithuanian SSR
As of 27 July,.kolkhozes of Vil'nyus and Kaunas oblasts had begun selective
harvesting of grains. The first grain caravans were arriving at the Vil'nyus
elevator. In 1951, 544 self-propelled combine: are available for work on kol-
khozes of the republiq.(15) The MTS plan for tractor work in the first half of
1951 was fulfilled 109.4 percent, and 457,000 more hectares were serviced for
the kolkhozes than in 1950. Measured in terms of the standard 15 horsepower
unit, tractors worked 16 more hectares per unit than in the first half of
1950.(16)
Shyaulyay 16.3
Kaunas 16.0
Klaypeda 16.o
Vii'nyus 13.5
Republic 15.5
Pledged crop yields for 1951, in quintals per hectare, are as follows:(16)
Oblast All Grains Winter Wheat Flax Fiber Sugar Beets Potatoes
17.0
4.7
220
175
17.0
4.5
230
178
17.0
4.7
--
175
--
4.5
--
171
16.7
4.6
225
175
Belorussian SSR
The number of reaping machines operating 'n t"- republic in 1951 is two
times greater than in 1950, and the numor uL flax combines gnu flax pullers
has increased three times over 1950.(17)
Kolkhozes of Bobruysk, Vitebsk, Gomel', Mogilev, Pinsk, and Polesa oblasts
have not completed plowing of fallow to be used for winter crops. Kolkhozes
of Gomel', Polesa, Minsk, Bobruysk, Brest, and Mogilev oblasts have not properly
worked the fallow which they have plowed. The plan for provision of local and
mineral fertilizers (manure and neat) has not been fulfilled in the areas to be
sown to winter crops. The follo-ing obiasts are lagging in this work: Polesa,
Pinsk, Minsk, Bobruysk, Brest, and Grodno. In many kolkhozes the plans for
sowing winter crops have not been discussed in field and tractor brigades, and
the allocation of rye and wheat areas has not been decided. The MPS and kol-
khozL: have lot yet finished maintenance work on the seeders.(18)
Progress in the reaping of grain in Belorussian SSR during August was.
as follows (in percent of 1951 plan):
Winter Grains Onl S rin and Winter Grains
Baranovichi 65.8 98.8
Bobruysk 67.4 98.1
Brest 89.1 100.0
Gomel' 72.7 97.8
Grodno 95.7 100.0
Minsk 27.4 67.2
Mogilev 34.8 74.9
Molodechno 14.6 67.0
Pinsk 96.7 100.0
Polesa 93.8 100.0
Polotsk 3.9 37.3
Vitebsk 13.5 51.9
Oblast 1 Aug(19) 5 Aug-]
10 Aua 20
15 Aua 21
20 Aug(22)
25 Aua 23
59.7
69.7
78.1
87.6
62.0
69.1
77.6
84.8
65.0
75.4
82.6
88.0
57.1
64.6
72.4
79.4
64.2
74.1
80.9
86.2
41.0
48.7
57.6
67.7
44.3
51.4
58.4
67.8
45.4
57.7
68.5
78.9
70.3
77.2
82.6
87.7
65.8
71.4
76.4
82.1
34.2
43.1
50.5
61.4
35.9
43.3
50.6
59.1
GON OENflM.
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Grain reaped with combines are shown 'n the table below (in percent
of 1951 plain):
Oblast
1 A
1 Au
21
20 Aug(24)
2 A
u 2
Baranovichi
2.2
27.6
53.6
68.5
Bobruyak
11.0
40.9
65.0
65.8
Brest
25.1
78.8
107.7
108.5
fscmei'
28.9
69.3
96.0
96.1
Grodno
5.1
27.1
43.8
44.8
Minsk
1.0
27.3
49.1
59.3
Mogilev
2.4
32.4
63.9
57.6[sicJ
Molodechno
--
11.4
25.1
25.2
Pinsk
16.0
29.2
42.5'
43.9
Polesa
28.5
59.7
?79.7
80.3
Polotak
--
17.1
39.6
42.7
Vitebsk
--
23.7
45.2
45.2
Threshing of grain progressed as follows in Belorussian SSR during
August (in percent of 1951 plan):
Oblast
1 Aug(19)
5 Aug(18)
10 Au
20 1 Aug(21)
20 A 2
2
P5 Aux(23)
Baranovichi
1.1
6.6
11.8
16.9
21.6
26.0
Bobruysk
9.0
18.3
25.7
32.4
40.2
46.6
Brest
7.9
15.9
21.7
28.3
32.9
37.0
Gomel'
23.6
35.4
43.8
49.9
54.5
58.2
Grodno.
3.2
9.9
12.8
19.2
22.2
25.3
Minsk
3.5
14.5
24.7
34.3
41.8
56.4
Mogilev
4.6
16.3
28.4
38.1
47.0
53.0
Molodechpo
0.9
4.4
13.2
16.1
24.0
27.7
Pinsk
8.5
14.9
21.3
28.0
33.4
40.2
Polesa
19.4
29.4
37.2
42.9
48.3
53.3
Polotek
--
4.8
19.3
36.6
45.2
54.9
Vitebsk
0.8
9.8
21.8
32.9
42.8
50.1
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P; , "3r 1DENTIM.
Progress of flax pulling in Belorussian SSR during August was as follows
(ia percent of 1951 plan):
Oblast
1 Aug(19)
Aug(16)
10 Aug(20)
15 Aug(21)
20 Aug(22) 2? Au
211
Baranovicb
23.9
35.3
45.3
55.4
66.1 77.4
Bobruysk
12.4
19.9
29.4
39.4
54.5 72.7
Brest
3.8
11.5
23.6
35.4
52.0 72.6
Gomel'
4.1
14.1
29.2
44.2
63.4 75.9
Grodno
2.0
6.9
21.3
32.6
48.5 73.4
Minsk
2.2'
4.6
9.7
19.1
34.8 50.8
Mogilev
1.5
6.1
14.1
26.6
44.0 64.4
Molodechno
--
C.6
2.9
8.3
19.6 44.2
Pinsk
2.6
15.2
36.6
56.9
68.7 - 83.4
Polesa
22.9
46.6
61.5
70.0
77.8 8C.1
Polotsk
--
0.6
3.0
12.2
25.0 44.1
Vitebsk
0.8
2.2
7.0
17.5
33.8 53.4
Ukrainian SS3
There are 900 kolkhozes in the republic with annual incomes in excess of
one million rubles. Every eighth kolkhoz in Kiev Oblast is a millionaire kol-
khoz.(25) According to data published on 5 August, sovkhozes of the republic
had delivered 6.5 million more pud of grain to the state than by the same date
in 1950. The 1951 grain delivery plan had been fulfilled by 300 sovkhozes of
the republic as of the same date.(26)
The following table shows the percentage of the area sown to small grains
in the Ukrainian SSR which had been reaped as of 31 July 1951:(27)
Oblast
Reaped
Oblast
Reaped
Kherson
100.0
Stalino
78.1
Izmail
100.0
Laments-Podol'sk
77.9
Dnepropetrovsk
99.0
Voroshilovgrad
77.7
Nikolayev
98.9
Zhitomir
75.2
Odessa
98.2
Rovno
70.9
Kiev
92.7
Susy
69.1
Vinnitsa
92.3
Chernigov
68.o
Poltava
88.9
Lvov
64.5
Kharkov
87.6
Drogobych
59.5
7,akarpatskaya
81.8
Ternopol'
56.5
Volyn
79.3
Republic
85.8
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Moldavian SSR
Kolkhozes of the republic plowed over 500,000 hectares of zyab in fail 1950.
This was one of the factors which made possible a good harvest this year,
despite extremely unfavorable climatic conditions including a prolonged dry
spell.(28) In 1951, kolkhozes of the republic sowed 75,000 bent tea to fodder
crops.(29)
Georgian SSR
Kolkhozes of Georgian SSR have begun reaping earlier this year than in
1950. According to data issued by the Statistical Administration of the repub-
lic, as of 25 July the volume of small grains reaped was 51 percent greater than
by the eLme date in 1950.(30) The republic stored 530,000 r-re quintals of rough
fodder and 590,000 more quintals of fodder greens in 1950 than in 1949. In 1950,
kolkhoaee of the republic exceeded the ensilage plan by 300,000 quintals, and
stored 400,000 more quintals of silage than in 1949?(31)
Armenian SSR
According to data issued by the Ministry of Agriculture Armenian SSR, as
of 1 August large-scale harvesting of grains was under way in almost all rayons
of the republic, and approximately 25 percent of the total area eau to grains
had been harvested. Threshing is lagging behind reaping. Less than halt of the
reaped grain has been threshed. This gap is particularly evident in kolkhozes
of Talir3kiy, Echmi..:flzinskiy, bpitakskiy, Noyemberyanskiy, Kafanskiy, Zangibasar-
skiy, Vedinskiy, and other rayons.(32)
By 5 August reaping was under way in 31 rayons of the republic. In the
first 5 days of August 24,500 hectares were harvested. Combines had reaped almost
twice the area as they had by the same date in 1950. The 1951 plan for F~'aain
deliveries had been fulfilled in ten rayons of the republic by 5 August.(33)
The Ministry of Water Economy Armenian SSR has fulfilled the 1951 plan
for converting to the new irrigation system. MTS have moved 3.5 million cubic
meters of earth and 234,000 cubic meters of rock. Conversion to the new system
has been completed on 36,000 hectares.(34)
Azerbaydzhan SSR
Nakhichevan ASSR fulfiiie.. '151 plan for grain deliveries ahead of time.
This succ-es turned the heads of several rayon and kolkhoz leaders, and the
recent tempo of reaping and threshing has been unsatisfactory. In Dzhul'finekiy
Rayon an area of 1,500 hectares has not been harvested, although long since ripe,
and the grain is crumbling. On the Kolkhozes imeni Lenin, imeni Molotov, and
imeni Voroshilov 30 to 50 workers daily fail to go out to the fields, while
those who go do not fulfill their norms, and return early. Threshing is progress-
ing slowly; only half the reaped grain in the rayon has been threshed. Thresh-
ing is likewise behind schedule in Norashenskiy Rayon, while not even half the
reaped grain has been threshed in Nakhichevanskiy Rayon. J5)
2 August. Kolkbozee and sovkhozes of Khabarovsk Kray have begun selective
harvesting of grains and perennial grasses. All available combines and otner
harvesting machinery are now at work on the fields. The daily harvest totals
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are considerably larger than in 1950. Sunny weather has set in in Mordov ASSR,
and large-scale harvesting of winter crepe is in progress in all rayons. About
1,400 combines are in operation on the fields on the,ASSR, and lOO,OOo more bec-
tares of small grains have been tarvested than by the same date in 1950. Stack-
ing, threshing, and deliveries to the state are being carried dot simultaneously
with
grainseandnpulling flaxe rayons sovkhoozessofP kov OObblastehhaave begung
reaping rye.
3 August. Harvest of grains is in full swing in Kursk Oblast. More than
3,000 combines are in operation on the fields, twice as many as in 1950.(2)
Selective harvesting of winter rye has begun in Irkutsk Oblast-07)
8 August. Approximately 36 percent of the grain crop has been reaped in
Chuvash ASSR, as compared with 18 percent at this date in 1950.(38)
state9inusppite spite of unfavorable Kursk blconditionsast grain deliveries to the
11 August. Kolkhozes of Yuybyshev Oblast have reaped 300,000 more hectares
o.' grain than by the same date in 1950.(39) Kolkhozes of Moscow Oblast har,
reaped 29 percent of the area sown to grains.(40)
14 August. Kolkhozes of Mari ASSR have delivered eight times as much
grain to the state as by the same date in 1950. Flax pulling is under way in
Kirov Oblast; almost 60 percent of the harvest will be done mechanically.(41)
19 August. Reaping of grains is in full swing in kolkhozes of Tomsk Oblast.
offttheesownrareasmech nically. The coonnsozone are ldaton t of agricultural than
artels percent
t
took place in 1950) has made it possible for combine operators of the oblast to
reap 20,000 more hectares of grain than by the same date in 1950.(42)
Sowing of winter rye had begun by 4 August in the southern Urals region-03)
Kolkhozes and sovkbozes of Leningrad Oblast had begun sowing winter wheat by
14 August.(44) Sowing of winter grains was under way in sovkhozes of Siberia,
the Urals, and the Volga region by the end of the first week in August. Accord-
ing to data published by the Ministry of Agriculture USSR, as of 10 August these
sowings had been completed on an area three times larger than by the same data
in 1950.(45)
Kolkhozes of Leningrad Oblast have applied 18,500 tons of mineral fertilizer
to their fields in 1951.(2)
The grain harvest it .. -t uGaally falls during the rainy season.
This necessitates the exercise of -~ a-rable caution lest the grain be stored
damp. The formal moisture content for stared wheat, oats, barley, buckwheat,
and millet seed is 15 to 15.5 percent. However, grains are often stored in the
oblast with a moisture content of 18 to 20 percent and more.(46)
A new reservoir has been built for kolkhozes of Fedorovskiy Rayon, Saratov
Oblast. It has a capacity of 3 million cubic meters of water, and will p::ovide
for the irrigation of 500 hectares of land. In the last 2 years 360 ponds have
been constructed and over 800 restored in Saratov Oblest.(47)
Winter r;,-e 1E one of the basic food grains grown in kolkhozes of the
Moscow region. However, it may also be used as a folder crop when cut in early
spring and fed to cattle as fodder greens. A small area (0.3 hectare) on the
Dmitrov Experimental Selection Station which had been sown to winter rye was
reaped for fodder in spring of 1950? Part of the area was reaped when the rye
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had reached a mediate point of development between the tube stage and heading.
Another section of the field was cut just before the rye headed. The section
cut earlier quickly grew up again and headed; the number of heads was almo-t
normal, and maturity only slightly delayed. The section cut later did not
develop as well. The rye grew up again, but the stalks were weak and the heads
small, and maturity considerably delayed. The cove seemed to prefer the greens
from the earlier cutting.
Approximately 20 tons per hectare of fodder greens were obtained from the
earlier cutting (17-19 May), while .24 tons per hectare were obtained from the
second cutting (27 May). The uncut winter rye fields of the station yielded
23.6 quintals of grain per hectare, the area cut earlier 15.3 quintals per hec-
tare, and the area cut later 7.9 quintals per hectare. The absolute weight of
1,000 grains was 24.5, 23.5, and 20.7 grams, respectively. It should be noted
that the cut areas were given no supplemental fertilization.
The same experiment was ropeated in 1951 with the same results. This time,
part of the cut area was given supplemental fertilization with a nitrate com-
pound, and yielded a second cutting of fodder greens. it should be possible to
generalize this practice, and instruct kolkhozes to set aside a portion of the
area son to winter rye for this purpose. They will thus be assured of suffi-
cient fodder for the period 15 May - 15 June. It is recommended that the areas
set aside for this purpose be given supplementary fertilization in early spring
as follows: either one quintal of ammonium nitrate per hectare, or 1.5 quin-
IAle of ^=oniuW sulfate per hectare. (48)
Kazakh SSR
Spring wheat occupies 90 percent of the area sown to grains in Akmolinek
Oblast.(49) The area sown to winter crops in the republic in 1951 is being
extended by 30,000 hectares. Kolkhozes had sown 60,000 hectares of winter
crops as of 14 August, more than two times the area sown by the same date in
1950.(44) As of 15 August, kolkhozes of Kazakh SSR had stored 53.1 percent of
the 1951 hay crop.(50)
Reaping and deliveries of grain to the state are proceeding in a particularly
unsatisfactory manner in Rayon ireni 28 Gvardevtsev, one of the principal grain-
growing rayons of Taldy-Kurgan Oblast. Reaping has been under way here for
almost a month, and winter and spring wheat still have not been cut from thousands
of hectares. There are three MTS in the rayon with first-class equipment, but
much of it has been tied up through faulty maintenance. As a result, the rayon
has not fulfilled the grai ..1111 plan, and daily norms are not being met.
In Taldy-Kurganskiy Rayon the -in of combine operators has been poorly
organized. Reaping has been in progress here for more than a month, and only
half the harvest is in. Furthermore, the fields of many kolkhozes ara strewn with
unstacked grain. Not enough use has been made of simple hd"vesting machinery.
Work at threshing points is poorly organized, many kolkhozes do not keep thresh-
ing in progress during the night, and the machinery stands idle for several hours.
There is an adequate supply of motor vehicles to bring grain from the threshing
points to the procurement points, but the drivers do not seem inclined to hurry.
They wait for a truck load to be threshed at a given threshing point rather than
moving on to the next kolkhoz to see if a load is ready.
'Many kolkhozes of Dzerzhinakiy, Sarkandskiy, Andreyevskiy, Taldy-Kurganskiy,
and other rayons Bowe' grains in mountainous areas. It was imperative to construct
covered threshing points here, but this was not done. It rained during threshing,
and deliveries at several points ceased entirely for 4 days. The collective
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farmers waste
much
shovelin
and
dryi the blas ,t and too much relian egis pla ednongpape. Ark. Mon ore it lax in
with the collective farmers is needed.(51) paper work. More conversations
Most rayons Alma-Ata Oblast have grown a good grain crop this year.,
Eove"r, this 8 Only half the task. Timely harvesting without losses is equally
Important. Eab
Kaaakbskiy Rayon has nowhere near fulfilled the grain
delivery plan, and the tempo of deliveries has been declining steadily. Grain
is now ripe on the fields of Dzbambulakiy Rayon, but harvest work Was unnecessarily
prolonged beyond the planned 25 days. Thousands of hectares remain unharvested,
and oats and hinter wheat are beginning to crumble. Available machinery is not
being used adequately. As of 20 August, Dzhambulskiy Rayon had harvested only
66
Arce. The percent the grain crop, and completed the grain delivery plan by only 72
shortcomings characterize the situation in Kaskelenskiy,
Uygurskiy, and other rayons-(52)
The following table represents percentage fulfillment of the 1951 grain
delivery plan (excluding rice):
Oblast
15 Av
20 Aug(54)
25 Aua(55)
Burma
101.9
102.4
103
Fer
124.8
130
6
.7
gana
100.1
.
132.4
Kara-Kalpak ASSR
1
87
103.9
--
Kashka-Darya
.
6
5
7
101.6
102.7
Khorezm
.
103
9
75.0
83.8
Kamangan
.
92
9
107.8
107.8
Samarkand
.
5
100.8
106.3
Surkhan-Darya
o
85
72.9
77.
Tashkent
.
93.2
7
5
1
57.9
61 .
'
,
?.S r .
'Republic
68.8
Turkmen SSR
As 18 August, Chardzhou Oblast had fulfilled the 1951 grain delivery plan
by 210.3 percent, Tashauz Oblast by 116.9 percent, Mary. Oblast by 106.3 percent,
and Ashkhabad Oblast by 81'. -rent.(56) Approximately 70 percent of all the
agricultural artels in the r.._ ve an annual income of one million or more
rubles-07)
Kolkhozes of Gorno Badakhshan Autonomous Oblast had completed the harvest
of grains as of 22 August. Shallow plowing of stubble was perfc-med simultaneously
with harvest work. Merry kolkhozes had begun early turning of ft.llow by the same
date.(11) The first million hectares of grain had been harvested in the republic
by 3 August; this was 200,000 hectares more than by the as= date in 1950. Com-
bines were used to harvest 93 percent of the grain reaped thus far; in 1950 this
figure was 76.3 percent.(2) During the Fourth Five-Year Plan tractor productivity
incre~}sad 1.5 times in Tadzhik SSR. In 1951 agricultural work is 89 percent
EI ch fuzed. (58)
CONFIDEhTIAt
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CONRIi
Kirgiz ese
Kolkhozes ofIssyk-Kul' Oblast hays been h vesting grains for more than
20 days now Cu of 25 August),. and such grain still stands in the fields:
Every dry, losses nonnt;.lair-.them 20 percent of spring grains have been cut
in~,ald3?-8tyski~,Esyop
a,,, priairily as a result of poor saintenanct and use of
lable aaehicsry
MIS - grain harvest has only begun in:Irzhaval'ski7 Rayon,
and.vheat and barley are crumbling in the fields.(59)
1. Moscow, 'h.ud, 2 Aug 51
2. Leningradakaya Pravda, 3 Aug 51
3? Trud, 11 Aug 51
4. Ibid., 16. Aug 51
5. Alma Ata, Kazakhstanskaya Pravda, 21 Aug 51
6, Trod; 23 Aug 51
7.. Vil'nyus, Sovetskaya Litva, 9 Aug 51
8. Yerevan, Kcegemiet, 22 Aug 51
9. Mo'scow,.Kossosol'skays Pravda, 16 Aug 51
10. Tallin, Sovetskaya Estonilya, 19 Aug 51
11. Leningradekaya Pravda, 22 Aug 51
12. Sovetskaya Estoniya, 23 Aug 51
13. Riga, So:ato-kayo Lstviya, 9 Aug 51
14. Sovetskaya Litva, 28 Aug 51
15. Moscow, Izveatiya, 1 Aug 51
16. Moscow, Pravda, 17 Aug 51
17. Prom, Sovetskaya Kirgiziyp, 2 Aug 51
18. Minsk, Sovetskaya Beloruesiya, 8 Aug 51
19. Ibid., 3 Aug 5?
20. Ibid., 14 Aug 51
21. ] $A.,' 19 Aug 51
22. Ibid., 24 Aug 51
23. Ibid., 28 Aug 51
24. Ibid., 25 Aug 51
25. Kazakhstanskaya Pravda, 29 Aug 51
26. Kossudist, 5 Aug 51
27. Kiev, Pravda Uk ainy, 3 Aug 51
28. Kishinev, Sovetskaya Moldaviya, 28 Aug 51
29. Ibid., 10 Aug 51
30. Tbilisi, Zarya Vostoka, 3 Aug 51
31. Ibid., 6 Aug 51
32. Kaemunlot, 3 Aug 51
33. Ibid., 8 Aug 51
34. Ibid., 7 Aug 51
35. Baku, Bakinskiy Babochiy, 19 Aug 51
36. Leningradskaya Pravda, 2 Aug 51
37. Sovetskaya Moldaviya, 3 Aug 51-
38. Sovetskaya Kirgizdya, 8 Aug 51
39. Lsningradskaya Pravda, 11 Aug 51
40. Moakovskaya Pravda, 12 Aug 51.
41. Leningradekays Pravda, 14 Aug 51
42. Ibid., 19 Aug 51
43. Sovetskaya Estoniyat 4 Aug 51
44. Sovetskaya Litva, 14 Aug 51
45. Kosumist, 15 Aug 51
46. Moikovskaya Pravda, 16-Aug 51
47. Petrozavodek, Leninskoye Znanya, 10 Aug 51
48. Moskovsksya Pravda, 9 Aug 51
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49. rass]dntsnskaya Pravda, 3 Aug 51
50. Ibid., 18 Aug 51
51. Ibid., 22 Apg 51
52. 1bd., 23 Aug 51
.Na Syknt,Pravs Vb.toks, 17 Aug 51
22 Aug .51
55.?, Ibid., ;8 Aug 51
56. , Turkmenskaya Iskra, 18 Aug 51
57. Ibid., 19 Aug 51
58. P vda MQ%I y, 31 Aug 51
59?. 8avetskaya xirgisisa, 25 Aug 51
CONFIDEMTIAI
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