ECONOMIC - AGRICULTURE

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00809A000600250259-7
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: R
• Document Page Count: 4
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: July 5, 2011
• Sequence Number: 259
• Content Type: REPORT

Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/07/06: CIA-RDP80-00809A000600250259-7
CLASSIATION
CENTRAL INTE
COUNTRY Poland
SUBJECT Economic -,.Agriculture
HOW
PUBLISHED bimonthly periodical
WHERE
PUBLISHED Warsaw
DATE
PUBLISHED May/Jun 1949
LANGUAGE P fish
-got- OC WII nnaxnw ="= x cx~nx flxax vin111 Tw
Y. C . 0 *00 n. Y NMI0xx?. Tn TOO. 55D0x M TWO mWY100
{nno M ui 1 ?0000niM0 w 1100 ~ moon 'x
SOURCE
NO. Of, P,'
THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION
Prz?glad T (jhniozU ;Technical Review), No,5/6,1949.
It is st%ted in the guiding principles of the Six-Tear Economic Plan
that "agricultural production will increase but the increase will be slower
than that of irJ.-uctrial production; however, the variation in the tempo of
increase should not be too great or the very foundations of industrial
develo at will be threatened." With 20 million hectares of agricultural
land, of rlaioh 16,500,000 hectares is arable lard, at its disposal, Pola?.d
must nc; on.Ly i4t, the increasing population, now rumberitkg 24 million and
expected to reach 26 million in 1955, but must also increase the per capita
consumption of agricultural products, meat, and fate and produce surpluses
for domestic reserves and for export. This necessitates the modernization
of farming and improved organization in the villages.
Scientific use of fertilizer, crop rotation, agrological research,
lant..reclamation, soil conservation, mechanization and electrification
of agriculture, and mass production of agricultural products will assure
a profitable increase in crop yield.
In fire present stage of development one of the most important problems
in Poland s the transition to mechanized farming.
For a while during the postwar period the mic'~d a_, idea was held that
farm tractors were necessary only to offset the catastrophic lose of farm
horses during the war and occupation and that, as the supply of work
animals increased, the importance of the tractor would decrease.
For the actual requirements of agriculture the number of fam tractors
is Polaul 1., very small. Many are i:: bad cor... ;ions with no spare par' s,
and this causes a reduction in the hours of annual use.
Great difficulties also arise from the fact that among the sgaD.l awn ta'
of tractors there is a great variety of types and models. This diversity ;
makes it difftcc'_t to secure epax3 parts and. to train operators.
it1i i?1VVM
CLASSIFICATION wRsTR.T(rTn IL.U I R1i/11
NSRB
DISTR_
FBI
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/07/06: CIA-RDP80-00809A000600250259-7
50X1-HUM
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/07/06: CIA-RDP80-00809A000600250259-7
50X1-HUM
and that agriculture will be suppllMR with f
,tractors within the 6-year period, 19 .
loss through wear aid tear and the soquisition of
engine, in other words, type of fuels, itobe used by most of tie fsis 1tn*I.
The Soviet Union with its expanse of srohanized farms is. an espeoi914
valuable source of information and practical hints on solving the iablbs
of the mechanization of farming. The et7-_y cf ervirt scientific vritimes
The Czech Zetor tractor with a 25-horsepower 9njine or the Swedish Bollinger
tractor with an engine of the same horsepower are suggested as possible models
for the lighter-wheel-type tractor.
The following solution is suggested:
There should be two basic types of farm traetore: one with a drawbar
ioreepover c^ from 28 to 32 and another from 17 to 20, the larger trsotoz to
be the caterpillar typo and the smaller the vbdiel type. As a model crater-
pillar-typo tractor, next to the Lanz - Bulldog 45 now being pre4uced on the
assembly liae of the Ursue Plant, the Soviet Kirowiec-D 36 tractor is suggested.
A supplementary tractor for special cultivation or for work requirinG
powerful meabines could. be chosen from the nevett standard Soviet models bf
the caterpillar type with drawbar horcepowers of 6, 12, 24, 36, 48 or 60.
Another supplementary tractor which might help popularize the use of
tractors for cultivation and for gardening might be a small garden tractor
with a 6 - 7 horsepower engine selected from existing models on the world
marketa, provided,tr*_at it could be manufactured in this country.
The number of tractors of each type which will comprise the tractor
park can be tetermined only after a careful consideration of the deciding
factors, cultivation and types of plants to be cultivated. However, there
is no doubt that the total. nuphor of large caterpillar tractors will not
exceed 700 as provided for in the Six-Tear Plan and the small garden tractors
will number from 3,500 to 4,000 units.
Obviously, the beet type of fuel for farm tractors in Poland is one
which can be most cheaply produced at home. Aeswning that the average annual
consumption of motor fuel for one tractor is 5.5 - 6 toca, calculated in
tu,_m of petroleum products, and that only 85 percent (46,750 unite) of the
total. number of 55,000 tractors are working we fim that fuel consumed
annually by farm tractire alone amounts to from 257,125 to 260,51,0 toas.or,
i,: rouni numbers, about 300,000 tons. in providing for the type of farm
tractor engine in the Six-Tear Plan, o.Lly one which economizes on fuel
and which can use inexpensive fuel canoe considered.
11CTED
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/07/06: CIA-RDP80-00809A000600250259-7
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/07/06: CIA-RDP80-00809A000600250259-7
for power farming. This, howevex, requires :;tsobn, o tea ?
At present, the Lenz and Bulldog 45 tractors are belft,
**' $
Ureus Plant, and Wesel engine tractors which use gas oil " "tne7 bsiag
1, Classification and standardization of Perm tractors and total
liquidation of existing stock of tractors.
4. Adaptation of gas goi'-ratnre in farm tractor anginas, provided they
can be of domee:i: proluotion.
5. Review of e~onom'o problems involved 1:_ uev of steem tractors. More
intensive use of steam tractors already constructed where feasible.
6. Detailed sciantiflo research into possibility of adapting distillery
raw materials as a source of motive power for farce tractors, along the lines
of Soviet, Swedish, and french exparience in that field.
There are only 6 months in which to discuss eni complete the proposed
scheme in order to be able to start the 6-year period, 1950 - 1955, with
an approved plan of action.
Statue at Tractors Retired Now Tractors
Year BeginniiE of .Tr During Tr Added During Tr
1949 11,950 2,:330 5,450
..2.550
14,500
9,620
8,000
17,620
1951 7,290 2,330 7,000
14,000
21,290
3-
RESTRICT" 'zESTRICTED
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/07/06: CIA-RDP80-00809A000600250259-7
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/07/06: CIA-RDP80-00809A000600250259-7
in 1947 aM 2,550 new trector.a aoQu{ze& in a.'461D1 ,po
14,500. The 11,650 old tractors will be retired aattL' r
of 2,330 or 1/5 of the total ,7sgr,..ell to:be::.Cr V
195h. Nev tremors will be depreclattwi over a 7-7ear p0otid
so that the 300 tmotore aagutx9d in 1947 vill have been writ-
ten off in 1954.
statue at
BsginniXIof Tr
2 33O
-4?
RSS ICIRD J S p~rTED
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/07/06: CIA-RDP80-00809A000600250259-7