THE CIA: HOW BADLY HURT?

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP90-01208R000100070059-2
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 8
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: February 22, 2011
• Sequence Number: 59
• Publication Date: February 6, 1978
• Content Type: OPEN SOURCE

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The spy named Hook slumped into an overstuffed chair in the old
Mamounia Hotel in Marrakech to wait for his contact-and think things
through. His best Arab sources seemed to be ducking him these days.
Even the British weren't talking to him more than they had to-not that the
bloody Brits had much to say anyway. Back home, the President and
Congress were watching the CIA more closely than ever before. Young
guys were getting out of The Company and heading for fat advances from
publishers in New York. Old guys, his friends, were getting pink slips right
and left. And they said the new directorseemed to trust electronic gadgets
in the sky more than men who knew how to keep an ear to the ground. "How .
the hell are we gonna stay ahead of the KGB?" Hook thought. He waited,
but his man didn't show up. Strike three. Finally he got up, walked slowly
back to the station, filed yet another no-news-is-good-news re-
port to Langley--and started thinking about his wretched pension.
ook is a fiction, but his prob-
lems are very real facts of life
around The Company these
days. "For the first time in my
experience the CIA is demor-
alized," says former Deputy
Director E. Henry Knoche, a career man
who resigned last summer. Some nor-
mally tight-lipped spies now charge an-
grily that the CIA's director, Adm. Stans-
field Turner, is an abrasive martinet who
doesn't understand the first thing about
spyeraft. Others around the agency's
Langley, Va., headquarters maintain that
sqL eaky-clean new-rules set by Carter
and, Congress to control the old and often
dirty,biiiiness of espionage are?seriously
hobbling `the. CIA's covert operatives,
weakening its network of foreign spies
arid' straining its ' relations with friendly
intelligence services. Said one worried
spooky "It's a total disaster."
probably exaggerated, but the Turner meets
Carter, Turner and their critics alike.
How much harm has three years of unre-
lenting public exposure of CIA misdeeds
and mistakes done to the agency? Has the
intelligence community got its sensitive
machines and sophisticated staff pulling
together or against one another? What can
be done to cut deadwood from the CIA?
And, most important, how should Car-
ter-or any President square legitimate
needs for espionage and covert capabili-
ties with the country's fundamental
democratic values and processes? "We
want an accountable structure," Vice
President Walter F. Mondale promised
recently. And Turner told NEWSWEEK
that tighter controls and more coordina-
tion around the CIA-and the rest of the
nation's supersecret intelligence com-
with top aides at Langley: T1
munity-were making thing's better, not
worse. "This place is producing," he said,
(page 29). .
Outwardly, at least, there seemed to be
ample evidence of that. As. usual last
week, sophisticated U.S. spy satellites
scanned the remote corners of the earth,
giant electronic "ears" drew signals and
secrets out of the airwaves, computers at
'CI A headquarters purred and the agen-
cy's daily intelligence briefing landed on
Jimmy Carter's desk each morning"
around 8 o'clock-right on time. To give
the President a cloak-and=dagger capa
bility, NEWSWEEK learned;'f the ' CIA'
keeps in reserve a skeleton crew,of 30
covert operatives and 50 paramilitary, ex'
perts. And there were signs that the
agency may be .working to build a new,
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18
 A
Outsider at the helm: Turner -with national
security adviser Brzezinski (left) and in his office,
CIA equipment analyzing Soviet radar signals
luestion was whether the agency needed a clean sweep with- a stiff broom
even more secret service despite-in- . lousy," says New York Rep. Otis Pike, a
re than it s
t
i
deed, because of-all the recent scrutiny
and criticism. "We are dealing with our
cover impediments by creating a truly
clandestine corps of operations officers,
notes one section of an ambitious five-
Xear be] ant exLale tremely delicate
undertaking with many complex oper-
ations and support ramifications that will
require adroit handling by our most ex-
perienced people."
Both Congress and Carter are casting
about for adroit ways of their own to exert
more quality control over the CIA's
"product"-a blend of military, econom-
ic, political and scientific intelligence
that aims to be this nation's best window
on the world. "Their intelligence is
L I 111 11,1 1 1111 1
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s mo
t cos
critic who believes
.worth. And a top White House strategist
concedes.that CIA reports are often too
tame. "Technologically, we're awfully
good," says another Presidential confi-
dant. But when it comes to foreign poli-
cy-what other governments think of
you, what they think of themselves, what
their strategy is and what they think your
strategy is-our intelligence is not very
good."
SUPERSPOOK
In the hopes of improving things, the
CIA is importing Ambassador to Portu-
gal Frank Carlucci, 47, a tough-minded
administrator who ran the Office of Eco-
nomic Opportunity for Richard Nixon,
as Turner's top deputy who ' will take
charge of day-to-day operations. And
last week, the President signed an Exec-
utive order giving CIA boss Turner
broader responsibility for the U.S. intel-
ligence "community"-including the
Defense Intelligence Agency, National
Reconnaissance Office and the electron-
ic wizards of the National Security
Agency-a development that may ulti-
mately make Turner the most powerful
and controversial superspook since Al-
len Dulles in the Eisenhower era of
cold-war brinkmanship.
Turner steamed into Langley last
March under full power and a somewhat
vague mission from Carter to take bold
action. His credentials looked impres-
sive to liberals and conservatives: An-
napolis and Oxford, chief of the Naval
War College and a combat command on a
frigate off Vietnam. The CIA itself wel-
comed the admiral, if only as a contrast to
Theodore Sorensen, Carter's first choice
for the top intelligence job. The liberal
Sorensen dropped out after it developed
that he had exploited classified docu-
ments in writing his memoirs of the Ken-
nedy years. "When Sorensen lost, every-
body was so relieved that they never
asked, `Who's Turner?' " said one former
agency man-a bit ruefully. -
It turned out that the admiral was a
salty outsider who made no effort to
adapt to the traditional pinstripes and
gelignite image of directors like Dulles,
Richard Helms and William Colby. Nor
did he follow the pattern set by onetime
19
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Republican' : Party . chairman
George ; Bush-another outsider
-`who:canie'to Langley with a man-
date; to shake things up but man-
age d`,to;eplace much of the CIA's
fop? management. in.. 1976 without.
drawing too much blood or ink in the
process:: "My attitude was I'm going
to hunker down," Bush said last
week. "This idea of openness-I just
don't buy that." Turner seemed more
suspicious. "I said to myself: `I've
read about the accusations against the
clandestine service'," he recalled. "I
don't believe them all-but I don't
know which are fact and which are
fiction."
He decided to find out. "The para-
mount question in his mind-and quite
-rightly-was `Hoy do I control the
place?' " said former deputy director
Knoche. "The trouble was, he allowed
this question to exist in his mind for too
long." To get the clandestine Directorate
of Operations (DDO) in hand, Turner
hired Robert D. (Rusty) Williams from
Stanford Research Institute to be his free-
lance investigator. Williams rattled a few
skeletons and set quite a few teeth on
edge around Langley. To some, he
seemed more concerned about investi-
gating booze and sex play than foul play
during a tour of CIA stations in Asia. Old
hands at headquarters and in the field
disliked Williams's aloof moralizing and
resented his prying questions. "Having
endured the process of external criticism
and suspicions since 1975," Knoche said
last week, "the CIA and particularly the
Deputy Director for Operations found it-
self going through it all again-from their
own leader. The place buckled."
PINK-SLIP MUTINY
The most crippling blow to the morale
of Turner's 15,000 employees has been
his method of cutting back the clandes-
tine staff. The operations division had
already been whittled down to 4,730
employees from a peak of 8,000 during
the Vietnam war, and Turner inherited
from the Ford Administration a recom-
mendation to slice another 1,200 to 1,400'
officers, virtually all of them at headquar-
ters. He chose to cut only 820, but speed-
ed up the original, six-year timetable.
That made it impossible to achieve all
the reduction by attrition-and a flurry of
pink slips was inevitable:
The firings and the ensuing uproar
.were the first, outward signs that some-
thing was amiss in the CIA. "It was the
CIA's first mutiny," recalled one ex-offi-
cer last month. Many victims of the firings
broke the agency's tradition of silence
and went out talking. One fired agent told
NEWSWEEK: "To receive the grateful
thanks of a grateful government for serv-
ices rendered-sometimes overseas at
great hazard-in the form of a two sen-
tence message, without any recognition
of past performance, was insulting and
humiliating." Turner argued that he was
only being cost-conscious and efficient;
he also hoped to spare victims the sus-
Bad press: A critical report, Allende's fall, Vietnam's collapse
pense of wondering whether the ax was
going to fall. But when he told NEWS-
WEEK later: "You really heard them cry-
ing, haven't you?" he appeared to some
rather like Gen. George Patton slapping
combat-fatigued GI's-and apologized in
writing to the entire agency.
Even so, the unhappy mess gave the
impression that Turner had a short fuse
and a hard heart. In a gesture of lese
majesty that would have been unthink-
able under Dulles or Helms, one muti-
nous wag posted an "H.M.S. Pinafore"
parody called "A Simple. Tar's Story" on
the CIA's staff bulletin board. Lampoon-
ing Turner, it read: "Of intelligence I
had so little grip/ that they offered me
the Directorship/ with my brass bound
head of oak so stout/ I don't have to
know what it's all about./ I may run the
ship aground if I keep on so/ but I don't
care a fig: I'll. be the CNO [Chief of
Naval Operations]."
When pressed, most intelligence ex-
perts conceded that the cuts were need-
ed and that the agency could absorb
them. But one unsettling fact remained:
Turner had chosen to cut only the clan- .
destine services, leaving the rest of the
agency untouched. Some agents won-
dered whether Turner was something of
a stubborn niif who failed to realize
how tough the game against the Rus-
sians really was.
THE CLASSIC JOB
To make matters worse, Turner left
the impression with many people that
he thought he was simply phasing out
anachronisms of the sophisticated new
technology of intelligence. "There's no
technology invented yet that can read
,hinds," snorted one first-rate fieldman
in Western Europe last week; he ex-
plained that the classic job of the clan-
destine operative remains indispensa-
ble: to cultivate sources and collect
"human" intelligence (HUMINT in
spookspeak) so political leaders can an-
swer questions like "Who is going to
push the button-and when?"
"Intelligence used to be poker-what
did the other guys have," reflected one
top agency man in Washington. "Now
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NATIONAL: AFFAIRS
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_-_it's chess: we know his pieces and where
they are located-we need to know his
intentions." Finding them out takes a
peculiar breed of person. "They won't
say: `Aye, aye, sir,' and salute Turner,"
said one retired agent. Even Campbell
James, a Company legend in his time,
failed to pass muster in Turner's no-
nonsense shop. A distant relative of Ted-
dy Roosevelt, James is American but
speaks with a British accent. He wears a
chain across his vest with a caviar spoon
fixed to one end, a large watch on the
other and a tiger tooth dangling in be-
tween. "When we got into Laos, he
would go right up to a tribal chieftain
sitting in a tree hut eating betel nuts and
present his card," recalled one old mis-
sion mate last week. "When we went into
Laos in 1960, he was the only guy Sou-
vanna Phouma would talk to."
By most rules of thumb, HUMINT
accounts for only about 10 per cent of
the U.S. intelligence product. And with
the Directorate of Operations also being
man fed the CIA its first solid report that
China was about to set off an. atom bomb,
thereby scooping the spy satellites and
U-2 reconnaissance planes that had been
overflying China's nuclear-testing range
at Lop Nor for years. The HUMINT man
got the story from the foreign minister of
a small African nation, who got it from
the Russians during a trip to Moscow.
"When the information got back to head-
quarters," one analyst laughed last week,
"everyone said, `What the hell does that
guy know about an A-bomb?' But it got to
Dean Rusk who used it in a speech just
before the bomb blew."
COVERT ILLUSIONS
In addition to gathering information
clandestinely, the CIA's Directorate of
Operations has traditionally been re-
sponsible J or covert operations, the
sometimes dirty tricks used to shape
events -in foreign countries. But the agen-
cy's covert-action team was reduced to a
bare minimum even before Turner ar-
Mind bending: Can. the government-or.the public-overlook past mistakes?
the source of many escapades embar-
rassing to the Company in recent years,
it was understandable that Turner
looked to the operations division as a
safe place for cuts. But he has had to
assume the risk that real, if unusual,
assets might be lost, too. One of the last
men at the agency who spoke Albanian
reportedly fell to a pink slip not long
ago-and even Jimmy Carter knows the
difficulty in finding good interpreters
these days. In one East European coun-
try, in fact, there are reports that an
intriguing number of dissident Commu-
nists would like to talk with CIA officers
but can't because all the station's lin-
guists have been recently fired.
HUMINT experts have scored a share
of-victories over their counterparts in
signal information (SIGINT) and com-
munications (COMINT). A HUMINT
rived, and there is no indication now that
it will be significantly expanded. That
may be just as well. While the CIA did
score covert victories in Guatemala and
Iran in the 1950s, it is better known for its
covert failures in Cuba, Chile and else-
where. In Africa, for example, eager
operatives subtly prompted the govern-
ment of Burundi to send home a bum-
-bling-Russian ambassador. To the CIA's
dismay, however, the Russians then
posted a crack diplomat, and relations
between the Burundis and the Soviets
.grew more cordial than ever. "I am for-
ever overwhelmed' by the number of
very fine people who have ;been deluded
into wasting their lives in this business
said one very candid co'ver't=action man
Even so, neither Turner nor the Presi-
dent intends to give up. covert'action
11
here seems to be a penchant for
T6quating instant popularity with
leadership," muses Vice Adm. Robert
Monroe about the CIA uproar over his
friend and tennis partner Stansfield
Turner. Monroe doesn't think things
necessarily work that way. A good lead-
er, he says, "sees what needs to he done'
when the issues are not all that clear,
and has the strength to carry them out
-whatever obstacles exist."
Though the. jury is still out on the
clarity of-Turner's vision as he turns the
CIA inside out, hardly anyone. doubts
his will to perform. A marked star as
long ago as his Naval Academy days in
the '40s-"so far ahead of us that we
never considered him a competitor or
even a peer," according to classmate
-Jimmy Carter-Turner, now..'54, went
on to an ever-upward Navy career that
earned him four. stars at 51. Unlike
many hotshots, Turner distinguished
himself in a variety of dissimilar jobs--
battle command, systems analysis, stra-1
tegic planning, budget and manpower
management, Pentagon. infighting,
even academic administration. .
To his detractors-in the Navy as
well as the CIA-this elegant resume
merely cloaks a man fired with ambi-
tion, an arrogant egomaniac who takes
blustering charge before he knows
what he's taking charge of. His admir-
ers see something else working-an
abhorrence- of conventional wvisdom,1
an overriding passion for fresh thought,
and new ideas. "His strongest point)
was his unusual ability to get people toy
produce new ideas, says. a ranking
Navy colleague. The traditional ways;
of doing things can get trampled in the;
rush, however. 'During Turner's time!
as head of the Naval War College, he
picked up on a student's idea of hold-
ing meetings between Navy brass and
newsmen, who had become mutually
embittered over -the Vietnam war.)
"There was a lot of blood on the floor
and some tempers exploded," recalls al
War College associate, "but both sides'
learned something." -
THUCYDIDES FOR STARTERS `.
With his zeal for stirring the pot,
Turner has always had trouble with
those who abide by the old ways and
the old ideas. At the War College-the
Navy experience that most. resembles
Turner's embattled stand at the CIA--
the admiral took overa snoozy, stagnant
lecture society that required little read
ing or writing and no exams. At his first
assembly, at 11 a.m. on a warm August;
day, Turner woke up his students, ally
middle-rank officers with high career
expectations, by ordering them to read
Thucydides's history of the `Pelopon
nesian War. "The gripes and grumbling
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 got louder;" recalls one who was there,
`as they found outthat they would have
to read about three shelves of books,
take examinations and write papers and
a thesis."
The admiral hung two signs on his
office door-"Call me Stan" and "I
need one good idea a day"-and set
about fermenting the intellectual
juices. "Turner liked the Socratic meth-
od," says a former student, "and he.
would ask 'Why do we need a Navy?'-
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'Sturdy Stan': At Amherst (front row)..
with Webster, as Annapolis guard,
with wife, Patricia, leaving NATO
'What made the nuclear deterrent de-
ter?' " As usual, says a civilian profes-
sor, "he had a lot of people upset"-but
by the time Turner left in 1974, the War'
College was a country club no longer.
BUDDIES AT THE TOP
A teetotaling Christian Scientist from
a well-to-do suburban Chicago family;
Turner put in. two years.. at Amherst
College in Massachusetts before opting
for a naval career in 1943: He is still
remembered at Amherst as "Sturdy
Stan," a soberly prankish BMOC and,
as it happened, a classmate and close
friend of William H. Webster, Carter's
new choice to. head the FBI. Turner
believes that the long-standing friend-
ship will facilitate cooperation be-
tween the FBI and CIA-a goal not
necessarily shared by civil-libertarians.
"I anticipate I'll have no prob-
lem;whatever in calling up and
devil ,._,.
-
`W
th
you
ying
at
e
he'll call me and say, `Why: in the world
did, you do that, Stan?' I'm looking
forward to it."
At Annapolis, Turner became bri-
gade commander and graduated 25th in
his class of 820. As a Rhodes scholar at
Oxford, he studied philosophy, politics
and economics. Turner served on a
destroyer during the Korean War, then
alternated between shore and ship as-
signments before putting in three years
.as a systems analyst at the Pentagon. He
commanded the missile frigate Home
during the Vietnam war, winning a
Bronze Star and an enhanced reputa-
tion as an innovator.
Turner %von equivalent notices after
he took over the wholly different job of
aide to Democratic Navy Secretary
Paul Ignatius in 1968. "He had to or-
ganize the work, advise on budget mat-
ters and programs, manpower prob-
lems and a host of other tasks," says
Ignatius, now president of the Air.
Transport Association of America..
Turner moved on to the War College in
1972, became commander of the Sec-
ond Fleet two years later, and then
commander of NATO forces in southern
Europe. That was the job he lield when
Jimmy Carter, whom he had never
known at Annapolis, had his celebrated
"wakin'-up thought" one morning last
spring about putting the admiral in
charge of the nation's intelligence.
When he flew from Rome to Wash-
ington, Turner did not know what job
the President was going to offer him..
Chairman of the, Joint Chiefs of Staff
was his fondest dream, but Chief of
Naval Operations also seemed likely.
He worked out a telephone code with
his wife,. Patricia. If it was the joint
Chiefs, he would tell her, "major
league." For CNO the code. words
would be "minor league." In the event,
Turner called to say, "It's the bush
league," a slightly pejorative pun on
the name of his CIA predecessor,
George Bush.
In Washington, Turner enjoys an oc-
casional night of opera but he is too
busy, even on weekends, to take Patri-
cia on a promised museum-hopping
expedition. "I think he's a little over-
board myself," says his wife. "He
needs to have contact with more peo-
ple." That's what they say about Jimmy
Carters too, a man with whom Turner
shares a certain faith in management
systems, a broad-band intellectual in-
terest-and a terrible impatience with
those not similarly saturated in the job
at hand.
-RICHARD BOETH with DAVID C. MARTIN and LLOYD H.
NORMAN in Washington
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Bookmanship: Former Company men Agee (left),
Snepp and Marchetti with their controversial critiques
AND~TN6CULT OF
~
INTSLLIQENCF:.s.
entirely. "It's got to remain an arrow in
our quiver," Turner said last week. The
CIA's small crew of.paramilitary experts
,can be used against terrorists,. for exam-
ple. Any such action, Carter maintains, is
now subject to Presidential approval and
Congressional scrutiny. His goal is to do,
away with the CIA's-old doctrine of-plau-
sible deniability," a euphemism for the
cover stories that hide links between the
President and illegal operations.
The new policy has astonished a few
old-timers: One West European, intelli-
gence chief who met Turner recently
said in surprise: "He told me that the
only difference now is that all covert
operations henceforth will be conducted
legally. He doesn't seem to realize that
the whole point of covert operations is to
be able to'do things that aren't legal.".
MATTER OF TRUST
The warning was cynical but well
meant. Openness, legalities and 'moral
imperatives tend to put off intelligence
professionals whose -ruling passions, of
necessity, run to guile, deception and se
crecy...Sources in `Europe told NEwS-
WEEK'S Arnaud de : Borchgrave that
friendly intelligence agencies such as
Egypt's: well-wired Mukhabarat ? now
worry-about their best secrets fallinginto
the wrong hands 'around 'Washington.
South Africa's Bureau of State Security
(BOSS), 'the best intelligence outfit in
Africa, has, reportedly. become-'stand-
offish-in part, no-doubt, because of
mounting political differences with the
U.S. Iran's SAVAK is irked by the CIA's
refusal 'to turnover tips on Iranian dissi-
dents in the U.S.;the Iranians charge that
similar details about anti-Castro terrorists
have. been supplied to Cuba. And the
French complain that their reports on Cu
bans in Africa have been ignored. The
Dutch, theltalians,theGreeks even the
-British don't trust us any more, said one
American operative in Washington
Trust has also become.a pressing ques-
tion around Langley.. Defectors to the
publishing world '-like= Philip. Agee. have.
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jeopardizing plans and even lives. More hon, a veteran of the Science arid. Tech-
.thoughtful critics like Victor Marchetti nology division. The choice "alarmed.
(in "The CIA and the Cult of Intelli- some critics who fear technological prog-
gence") have poked.fun at the CIA's cult ress will alter the CIA's traditional mis-
figures-and holes in its mystique. And sion=and replace Nathan Hale with
former officer Frank Snepp's charge (in .112132. Calmer hands pointed out that
"Decent Interval") that The Company McMahon wasasuperbmanagerwhohad-
ran out on thousands of its Vietnamese learned much about clandestine affairs
employees did little to improve the re- from the years he had spent developing
cruitment of local spies elsewhere. With exotic doodads for the CIA operations.
.hundreds of defrocked spooks on the "He'll have the Directorate of Operations
beach, some now worry that more eating out of his hands in 60 days," pre-
books-or even more serious defec dieted one unruffled colleague:', "
tions-are on the way. "It's a red herring FERRETS, BLEEPS, BIG EARS
to say someone might go over to the other
side," insisted one retired CIA executive. Even traditionalists now concede that
Then he thought a bit and added philo- the main burden of collecting intelli-
sophically, "But with a slap in the face, gence has fallen to machines. ''Ferret'strange things can happen. satellites 200 miles up in space record
Turner believes firmly that such fears electromagnetic signals from ships, air-
are . exaggerated. He may be right. craft and ground stations. Fifty miles
Ousted veterans . and their supporters closer to the earth, photo satellites circle
tend to be.furious at him, not their coun- watchfully; dropping film packs . and
try. And few ex-CIA scriveners have tak- bleeping messages back home. , Their
en their true confessions as far as Agee photos. are so good, Turner has told
did. "Even Snepp was very circumspect White. House aides, that the CIA can
in writing his book, as far as I can see," distinguish Guernseys from Herefords
Turner told NEWSWEEK, a concession on the range and read the markings on a
that may. prove bothersome if the agency Russian submarine. Even closer in, U-2
ever takes the case to court. and.SR-71 photo reconnaissance planes
Rattled or not, the CIA seems to be snoop at altitudes of 70,000 to 90,000
'pulling itself together. The Domestic' feet. And far below, mountaintop radio
Contact Division is expanding to inter- receivers scan the airwaves' while the
view more Americans, particularly sci- ?ellectronic,devices of the National Secu-
entists, 'technologists, economists and rity Agency, the nation's "Big Ear," pick
energy experts, returning from "points of . up everything from chats between foi-
interest" abroad. And the Foreign Re- eign leaders to enemy orders of battle.::
source Division, which recruits foreign. "" Without -photo evidence of missile
sources in the U.S., may grow. The Di- . sites in Cuba, John F. Kennedy would
rector of Operations is also redeploying. never have gone to the brink of World
.its officers abroad. It may expand oper- 'War III with the Soviet Union. 11 Lyndon
ations in Africa to cultivate sources there Johnson made a point of giving Third
who travel in and out of China"and the World leaders satellite photos, of their,
Soviet Union, two "hard targets" that capitals---to. show he had .. his eye' on
American operatives seldom manage to things. But technology can alsoi produce
penetrate directly. It is.moving, though intelligence as mindless and worthless]
slowly, to meet the Freedom of Informa- as anything ever -concocted by human
tion Act-and to declassify more of its bumblers out in the cold. CIA.scientists
:less sensitive secrets. not cloak-and-dagger men, took on-Op-
(Continued on ''page 30)
To head a leaner, meeker Directorate of
'Newsweek, February 1169 1978
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/02/22 : CIA-RDP90-01208R000100070059-2
NATIONAL AFFAIRS
.
g
g
arter
C
IA to improver s
(Continued from page 24)
eration Midnight Climax, an inquiry into new demands on the C nic
hich ,,nsus- predictions and its analysis of econo ssol-e mitters. t B ut he did give Turnerllian
w
ine:
pect
CIA-r g men were given observed at finally get to the edge o where p
nient Center, to prepare the CIA's most
CIA-run brothels and then o
play. In another effort that didn't pay off, are that's where the stuff gets weak,"
as plant seven bugs forts to pu h beyond data grubbing h as tonal Intelligence Tasking eCenter,`to
the CIA managed
in Bunrtio in the
probably led to the most serious criticism distribute missions and cut waste, n and a
the ChineseE a
DirectorateforResource~lanagement,to
tion at all
f
lli
d
ile
,
unc
to
faile
v e against him: shaping inte
- early 1970s: fi~ e one burnt out in three months because leveled analysi the "off ' switch wouldn't work-and the gee orders the
s to please the intelligence estimates to than $3.5 billion get estimated at more
one in the ambassador's office pro d uced nothing new because the ambassador be jazzed up," said one exasperated CIA Turner has also assembled his own
assumed his room was bugged. analyst last week. "The facts aren't al- tealm o nd the t hands to CIA run tthe new
ways exciting enough for Stan."
BRAINS OVER BOMFOGGERY To his defenders, Turner is providing Among the most notable are Robert Bow-
The real issue is not whether electronic needshe ` "kin We aref talking. bout ae tired, DRM; Lt. Gen. (fret) Franl; Carnm at the
than those who , ,,. a r__.- and we should NITC; Leslie Dirks as the CIA's deputy
f dat
l
ut o
but shoes but how to master the p
bomfogging reports reports that be nubbinhave gspent to omake bad callsoon Blakelasldeputy for Administration. Old
and improve the
k also
ey
twee
s around Washington
" intelli- th
S
U
h
f
"
.
.
pro
t
e
ct
produ o
duct 0
pro make up the
e
major events," says Congressman Pike.CIA 's new gence community. "Rather than ties dg Director and a man who
underdi- And in -
es increased technical capabi b oadened Turner's powe selast week, Deputy d that Carlucci, er that
I-in ton
vu
v
r
htllig
minish youruman ne as 5
thefeathers
smooth some of
ments, it's just the opposite," Turner ob President nCarter sa
and m a n chs to
eteeappreciation want
dmral .. w i u berg greatly ple at Langleyfled among his own peo-
serves. "The more information you have express Y compl from technical sources, the morente con responsibilities
A .
tions you want to know... and you go to NEW CHARTERS : AND RED TAPE
i
You rtn
ons.
the human to find the intent
Turner had hoped to be-
must make them dovetaiL'~ y^~ ;nta.ll,- At come an one intelligence time czar. The reorgani- mT murner'sanew-style intelligence coni-
may min into the same kind of
nit
y
libertarians, Carter's new restrictions on
various clandestine activities seemed
tame; former intelligence officials,
t
oo
on the other hand, called them crip-
pling. The Senate is considering new
community that would require wriuceit
opinions from the Attorney General on
the legality of every operation, a re-
form that could tangle the agency in red
x
tape. And Rep. Edward Boland, chair-
of the House Intelligence Commit-'
~ %
,
4 T,
tee, vowed to demand more Congres-
'Vi
sional access to secret operations. It all
comes down to the fact that since we are
going to be in on all the crash landings
offs,, he said..
- Whether such open exposure is really
F
6 77
ractical remains to?be tested. The CIA's
Terry Arthur - :1 P
lam to open its headquarters to carefully,
i (above) Koehler: wear rA Namee-Ne5week g
urs on weekends died un
d t
id
l
d
d
o
e
ucc
u
Car
es new same rules around Langley when it turned
gui
e
f
e
w
ac
N
VUL ~I` r r be seen without breaching securityIrx ~vn d a Turner himself believes it will .take an
other year to tell whether the reforms are
taking hold and the product improving.
The best judgment now is that the over-
~' all quality of U.S. intelligence has not
*'' - - -dropped dramatically and that it may
indeed start to go up. "We ought to knock
off criticizing the changes at the CIA, let
it settle down and do a good job," urged
one level-headed former officer. . last
week. In the meantime, Turner has
shown at the very least,tl at he c an shake
'some of the dust off a bureaucracy that
once considered itself untouchable.
-TOM MATHEWS with DAVID MARTIN, EVERT
CLARK. ELAINE SHANNON and JOHN LINDSAY in
W ash noon, ARNAUD de BORCHGfiAVE in Geneva
and bureau reports.
Newsweek, February,6, 1978-
--?~- Sanitized Copy Approved for Release208ROO01
dest roe:
iveshi
rl
zaLon
But Carter is also making heavy
rant himC b net rnnkor
ence
did not